课时跟踪检测(12)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

课时跟踪检测(十二) [对应学生用书P195] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They buried(埋头) themselves in their work. 2．I came to the conclusion(结论) that she is right. 3．You can hardly justify(说明理由) such conduct. 4．Please define(解释) the words. 5．Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone whose functions are more practical(实用的). 6．I will engage(保证) to be there on time. 7．I dislike her, but she just annoys(厌烦) me sometimes. 8．Smartphones are at the forefront (前线) of this change. 9．Her superiority(优势) made her a very superior kind of woman. 10．New technology has enabled development of an online' virtual(虚拟的) library. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．His reaction was to withdraw, to bury himself (he)in work. 2．Her conclusion(conclude) that the situation would never improve made them upset. 3．What have I done to justify your anger to me? 4．There is no general agreement on a standard definition(define) of intelligence. 5．Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical(practice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting. 6．He was engaged to my best friend, Lily. 7．She has an annoying(annoy) habit of biting her fingernails. 8．They have been at the forefront of the campaign for political change. 9．These shoes are comfortable(comfort) rather than good­looking. 10．When walking(walk) down the street，I came across David，whom I hadn't seen for years. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他双手捂住脸抽泣。 2．We'll conclude our concert with the National Anthem. 我们将以国歌结束我们的音乐会。 3．That judgement seems to have been justified by time． 时间似乎证明那种判断是对的。 4．Can you define the word “project” ? 你能解释“project”这个词的意义吗？ 5．I always prefer starting early，rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 我总是愿意早开始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后才做。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Experts have long predicted that 3D printing will greatly change the construction industry. However, the uptake has been slower than expected. The reason is that 3D technology to create fully­functional homes has been considered lacking. That perception may change soon with the world's first two­story home printed in a single piece in Antwerp, Belgium. “What makes this house so unique is that we printed it with a fixed 3D concrete printer，” said Emiel Ascione, project manager at Kamp C construction company. “Other printed houses around the world only have one floor. In many cases, the components were printed in a factory and were assembled(组装) on­site. We, however, printed the entire building envelope in one piece on­site.” The construction process began in November 2019 with the delivery of a massive 32­foot×32­foot 3D printer, known as BOD2.While it needed some human help to set up, once in operation, BOD2 was fully autonomous, requiring just one person to monitor the building site from a nearby computer. Though the actual printing process took a mere three weeks, the house was constructed over a few months to fit in with the school schedules of the students working on the project. Kamp C believes technological advances will make it possible to build similar homes in about two days in the future. Completed in July 2020, the 986­square­foot home has a small kitchen, two living rooms, and a bathroom, as well as numerous eco­friendly features, such as underfloor heating. The 3D printed structure cost about 60 percent less than a typical brick home and was also very solid. “It is part of the European C3PO project to show advanced 3D printing technologies and to encourage the continent's construction industry to adopt them in its construction techniques. Printing this building is mainly a statement，” Ascione says. “It shows the construction industry the accessibility and potential of this technique.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上第一个两层楼的住宅被打印成一件作品以及3D技术在建筑行业的推广和应用。 1．What does the underlined part “that perception” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Progress.　　　　　　　　 B．Belief. C．Technology. D．Prediction. B　[词义猜测题。根据上文“The reason is that 3D technology to create fully­functional homes has been considered lacking.(原因是人们一直认为缺乏3D技术来创造功能齐全的家庭。)”和下文“may change soon with the world's first two­story home printed in a single piece in Antwerp, Belgium.(可能很快就会改变，因为在比利时的安特卫普，世界上第一个两层楼的房子被印在了一起。)”可知，that perception意为“看法”。] 2．In what way is the new­printed house different from other ones? A．It is much larger. B．It has only one floor. C．It can be used as a home. D．It is a single­piece structure. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Other printed houses around the world only have one floor. In many cases, the components were printed in a factory and were assembled on­site. We, however, printed the entire building envelope in one piece on­site.(世界上其他印刷房屋只有一层。在很多情况下，这些部件是在工厂打印的，然后在现场组装。然而，我们在现场打印了整个建筑围护结构。)”可知，它是一个单件结构。] 3．What made the building process of the house longer than normal? A．The lack of human help. B．The delivery of the printer. C．The technological limitations. D．The schedule of some of the staff. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Though the actual printing process took a mere three weeks, the house was constructed over a few months to fit in with the school schedules of the students working on the project.(虽然实际的打印过程只花了三周时间，但为了适应参与项目的学生们的课程表，这栋房子花了几个月的时间才建成。)”可知，一些工作人员的日程安排使得房屋的建造过程比正常时间要长。] 4．What does Ascione think of the new­printed house? A．It is less costly than a brick house. B．It marks the success of the C3PO project. C．It gives inspiration to the construction industry. D．It will soon be promoted to construction industry. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It shows the construction industry the accessibility and potential of this technique.(它向建筑业展示了这项技术的可及性和潜力。)”可推知，Ascione认为它给建筑业带来了启示。] Ⅱ.完形填空 “Today I will give you a special test，” said the English teacher with a smile on his face. All the students set up straight and 1 for the test to begin. The teacher began to 2 the test papers to all the students. 3 he finished handing out the test papers, he asked them to begin. The students were very 4 to see that there was not a question but a black dot(圆点) in the centre of the paper. The teacher 5 the students' surprise and said，“I want you to 6 about what you see there.” At the end of the class, the teacher took all the students' answer sheets(答题纸) and read the answers. 7 of them described the black dot. After reading all the answers, the teacher said, “Here everyone only paid attention to the black dot, 8 no one wrote about the white paper.” The whole class listened 9 ， because they were afraid to fail in the exam. Then the teacher said, “Don't worry about your 10 for this test. I just want you to think about our life. The white paper is like our whole life and the black dot in the centre of the paper 11 problems in our daily life.” Our life is a 12 given to us by God, with love and care. Still, we just pay attention to the problems like 13 and poverty, and never see that these problems are very 14 compared to everything else we have in our life. So we should try to take our eye off our problems and 15 each moment life gives us. [语篇解读]　文章是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要描述了通过一次测试老师让学生们明白了，生活中遇到的问题与生活中的其他一切相比是微不足道的。所以老师告诉学生们，应该试着把注意力从问题上移开，去享受生活中的每一个时刻。 1．A．searched B．looked C．called D．waited D　[句意：所有学生都挺直了身子，等待考试开始。A．searched寻找；B．looked看；C．called打电话；D．waited等待。根据下一句“The teacher began to 2 the test papers to all the students.”可知，这里指学生们在等待老师分发试卷，也是在等待考试开始。] 2．A．e­mail B．sell C．give D．throw C　[句意：老师开始把考卷发给所有的学生。A．e­mail给……发电子邮件；B．sell卖；C．give给；D．throw扔。根据语境可知，这里指老师把试卷发给学生。] 3．A．After B．Before C．Until D．While A　[句意：在完成分发所有试卷后，他要求学生们开始(考试)。A．After在……后；B．Before在……之前；C．Until直到；D．While当……的时候。根据常识可知，在老师分发完所有试卷之后，才会开始考试。] 4．A．happy B．surprised C．excited D．sad B　[句意：学生们非常惊讶地发现试卷上没有问题，只有中间一个黑点。A．happy高兴的；B．surprised吃惊的；C．excited激动的；D．sad难过的。根据下文“The teacher 5 the students' surprise”可知，此处指学生们是非常惊讶的。] 5．A．forgot B．remembered C．noticed D．hated C　[句意：老师注意到学生们的惊讶，说：“我想让你们把看到的写下来。”A．forgot忘记；B．remembered记得；C．noticed注意；D．hated憎恨。根据句意并结合选项可知，这里表示老师注意到学生们的惊讶。] 6．A．talk B．write C．hear D．answer B　[句意见上题解析。A．talk谈话；B．write写；C．hear听见；D．answer 回答。根据下文“At the end of the class, the teacher took all the students' answer sheets and read the answers.”可知，这里表示老师让学生把看见的东西写在答题纸上。] 7．A．All B．None C．Some D．Many A　[句意：所有的学生都描述了那个黑点。A．All所有的；B．None没有一个；C．Some一些；D．Many许多的。根据下文“Here everyone only paid attention to the black dot”可知，这里指所有的学生都只注意到了那个黑点。] 8．A．because B．although C．if D．but D　[句意：在这里，所有人都只注意到了那个黑点，却没有人写关于白纸的内容。A．because因为；B．although虽然；C．if如果；D．but但是。根据句意可知，空格前后表示转折关系，所以用but。] 9．A．angrily B．silently C．happily D．fast B　[句意：全班都静静地听着，因为他们害怕考试不及格。A．angrily生气地；B．silently静静地，默默地；C．happily高兴地；D．fast快速地。根据“because they were afraid to fail in the exam”可知，学生们都静静地听着老师讲话。] 10．A．presents B．grades C．suggestions D．tasks B　[句意：不要担心你们这次考试的成绩。A．presents礼物；B．grades分数；C．suggestions建议；D．tasks任务。根据上文“because they were afraid to fail in the exam”可知，这里指老师让学生们不要担心考试成绩，即考试分数。] 11．A．helps B．finds C．represents D．solves C　[句意：白纸就像我们的整个生活，纸中间的黑点代表着我们日常生活中的问题。A．helps帮助；B．finds发现；C．represents代表；D．solves解决。根据句意可知，此处表示“代表”。] 12．A．gift B．problem C．moment D．door A　[句意：我们的生命是上帝赐予我们的礼物，充满爱和关怀。A．gift礼物；B．problem问题；C．moment时刻；D．door门。根据空后“given to us by God, with love and care”可知，这里指我们的生命是上帝赐予我们的礼物。] 13．A．illnesses B．surprise C．happiness D．pains A　[句意：尽管如此，我们只是关注疾病和贫困等问题，却从未意识到这些问题与我们生活中的其他问题相比微不足道。A．illnesses疾病；B．surprise惊讶；C．happiness快乐；D．pains疼痛。空格处与poverty并列，指的是生活中出现的问题，所以A项“疾病”符合语境。] 14．A．serious B．big C．small D．important C　[句意见上题解析。A．serious严重的；B．big大的；C．small小的，微弱的；D．important重要的。根据常识可知，生活中遇到的疾病和贫穷等问题，与生活中的其他一切相比，肯定是很小的。] 15．A．refuse B．stop C．waste D．enjoy D　[句意：所以我们应该试着把注意力从我们的问题上转移开，享受生活给我们的每一个时刻。A．refuse拒绝；B．stop停止；C．waste浪费；D．enjoy享受。] Ⅲ.语法填空 The center of American automobile innovation 1. (move) 2，000 miles away in the past decade. It has migrated from Detroit to Silicon Valley，2. self­driving vehicles are coming into life. In a bid to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced legislation that could make their state 3. (good) place in the country, if not the world, to develop self­driving vehicles and put them on the road. “Michigan's role in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to take 4. place of our leadership in transportation. We can't let happen，” says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead sponsor of four bills 5. (recent) introduced. If all four bills pass as 6. (write), they would represent an important update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self­driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom 7. (test) their self­driving technology on public roads. They would 8. (allow) to send groups of self­driving cars on cross­state road trips, and even set on­demand rows of self­driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building. Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial use of self­driving technology. 9. contrast, California, home of Silicon Valley, proposed far more restrictive rules that would require human drivers be ready for the commercial 10. (apply) of self­driving technology. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了在过去的十年里，美国汽车创新的中心已经转移到了2 000英里以外的地方，密歇根州的立法者们提出了一项法规，为自动驾驶技术的商业应用做好准备。 1．has moved　[考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的十年里，美国汽车创新的中心已经转移到了2 000英里以外的地方。根据时间状语“in the past decade”可知，该句谓语动词应该使用现在完成时。故填 has moved。] 2．where　[考查定语从句的关系词。句意：它已经从底特律迁移到了硅谷，在那里自动驾驶汽车开始出现。分析句子结构可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Silicon Valley，在从句中作地点状语，该空应该填关系副词where。] 3．the best　[考查形容词的比较等级。句意：为了将汽车生产带回底特律，密歇根州的立法者们提出了一项法规，使他们的州成为如果不是全世界，也是美国发展自动驾驶汽车并使其上路的最好地方。根据该空后的“place in the country, if not the world”可知，比较的范围是美国或者全世界的所有城市，因此，该空应该使用good的最高级the best。故填the best。] 4．the　[考查冠词。句意：密歇根州在汽车研发方面的角色正受到几个州和国家的抨击，这些州和国家希望取代我们在交通领域的领导地位。分析句意可知，该句特指“密歇根州在交通领域的领导地位”，“取代……的位置”是take the place of。故填the。] 5．recently　[考查副词。句意：“我们不能让这种情况发生，”参议员迈克·科沃尔说。他是最近提出的四项法案的主要发起人。分析句子结构可知，修饰动词introduced用副词recently，在句中作状语。故填recently。] 6．written　[考查as引导状语从句的省略。句意：如果这四项被写的法案都能通过，那将是密歇根州2013年法律的重要更新，该法律允许在有限的条件下测试自动驾驶车辆。分析句子结构可知，这是一个方式状语从句，从句中主语four bills与谓语动词write是被动关系，因此，从句应该使用被动语态并省略了主语和be动词，故填written。] 7．to test　[考查固定短语。句意：制造商将几乎完全有自由在公共道路上测试他们的自动驾驶技术。短语have freedom to do sth. 意为“拥有做某事的自由”，因此该空应该填to test。故填to test。] 8．be allowed　[考查动词的语态和主谓一致。句意：他们将被允许在跨州公路旅行中发送一组自动驾驶汽车，甚至按需设置一排自动驾驶汽车，就像通用汽车和来福车正在开发的那样。分析句子结构可知，主语They和allow之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态，再根据该空前的would后跟动词原形可知，该空应该填be allowed。] 9．In/By　[考查固定搭配。句意：相比之下，硅谷所在地加利福尼亚州提出了更严格的规定，要求人工驾驶者为自动驾驶技术的商业应用做好准备。根据句意，短语in contrast 或者 by contrast意为“相比之下”，该空缺少介词in或者by，句首单词首字母大写。故填In/By。] 10．application　[考查名词。句意见上题解析。空格前for为介词，后接名词作宾语，由形容词commercial修饰。apply的名词形式是application，故填application。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$