单元限时训练(4) A卷（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

单元限时训练(四)　A卷 (限时40分钟) [对应学生用书P199] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A new Dutch car company，Lightyear，announced its new car, Lightyear One concept earlier this week, which can constantly refill its power using the sun and travel a range of up to 800 km when fully powered. That's just the start: The company claims that in sunny environments (say, Hawaii), the One could potentially drive for months at a time between charges. The Lightyear team claims the car can fuel up with more than just sunshine. It is equipped to charge from a socket (插座), even a regular household power socket. Lightyear claims that just charging its car from a standard(3.7 kw) socket for an hour would give you 40 km worth of power. The solar power collected by the car's panels could be used to power more than just the One itself, allowing owners to connect the energy to their homes, devices, and even other electric cars. This is indeed a new idea. It's not exactly clear how the company plans to produce its breakthrough cars. The company's website includes some unclear language about a “completely newly­designed car” which will require a “revolutionary production process”. It mentions that industry partners have signed up to support the process, but doesn't offer any specific names. Lightyear's founders aren't new to the solar car, which makes the One slightly more believable than other new concepts with little real­world data to support them. The company was started by five former members of Solar Team Eindhoven, the group that created the four­seat, solar­powered car Stella which hit the US streets back in 2014. You can order the One in advance now in the EU and US, but, unsurprisingly, it won't come cheap. Reserving a One will allow you to get a discount if you pay by the month and the final cost is expected to be 119，000. The company won't produce the One on a large scale (规模). Therefore, it won't cause industry giants like Tesla to lose any sleep just yet, and Lightyear still has to prove it can change its experimental technology into a fully­realized consumer experience. If the company succeeds, however, we could be looking at a new future of cars, directly powered by the sun. [语篇解读]　 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款由荷兰的Lightyear公司研发的太阳能电动汽车。 1．Which affects the One's longest range most? A．Road conditions.　　　　 B．Weather conditions. C．The weight it bears. D．The way it is charged. B　[细节理解题。由第一段中的“which can constantly refill its power using the sun and travel a range of up to 800 km when fully powered. That's just the start: The company claims that in sunny environments (say, Hawaii), the One could potentially drive for months at a time between charges” 可知，最影响这款车的最大续航里程的因素是天气。在阳光充足的环境下，该车可以开好几个月而不需要通过插座充电。] 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The electric car. B．The solar­powered car. C．The electricity­powered device. D．The mobile power­sharing system. D　[代词指代题。画线词指代上文的“The solar power collected by the car's panels could be used to power more than just the One itself, allowing owners to connect the energy to their homes, devices, and even other electric cars.” ，即这款车收集的太阳能不仅可以给该车本身充电，而且可以给车主的家里、装置、甚至是其他的电动车充电。可见，这款车相当于一个可移动的电能共享系统，这是一个很好的创意。] 3．Why is the Stella solar­powered car mentioned? A．To explain the principle of the One. B．To prove the advantages of the One. C．To compare different eco­friendly cars. D．To show the background of the One's creators. D　[推理判断题。由第五段可知，介绍斯特拉太阳能车是为了说明 the One的发明者们的相关工作背景。] 4．Which best describes the author's attitude to the One in the text? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Doubtful. D．Surprised. A　[推理判断题。尽管作者对这款新型汽车能否像公司宣称的那样出色不确定，但是全文都在介绍这款新型汽车，并在最后一句“If the company succeeds, however, we could be looking at a new future of cars, directly powered by the sun.” 表达了作者对这款革命性汽车的未来的期盼，所以选A。] B The transatlantic car carrier，Oceanbird，is being designed by Wallenius Marine, a Swedish shipbuilder, with support from the Swedish government. With a capacity (容量) of 7，000 vehicles, the 650 foot­long vessel will have a similar size to ordinary car carriers, but it will look totally different. The ship will have five “wing sails”， with each being 260 feet tall. These sails are capable of turning 360 degrees, and it can be shortened to 195 feet in order to pass under bridges or withstand rough weather. Although the general theory of wing sails is not new, designing the Oceanbird's sails has been a challenge, says Mikael Razola, the research project manager for Oceanbird. “That's because these are the tallest sails that have ever been constructed. The top of the sails will be more than 100 meters above the water surface. At such a height, the wind direction and speed change a lot，” says Razola. To better understand the atmospheric conditions(大气条件) at this height, Wallenius put sensors on top of its existing vessels to gather data of wind. “All of this information has helped us make the most of the power available in the wind and design an efficient wing vessel，” says Razola. With its special sails, Oceanbird will outperform conventional car carriers in the aspect of exhaust emission. Nowadays, the shipping industry is under pressure to reduce emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. According to the International Maritime Organization, the UN body that regulates global shipping, shipping accounted for 2.89% of global man­made greenhouse gas emissions in 2018.And in the same year, this organization introduced a mandatory( 强 制 的 ) 50% reduction of total annual greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Oceanbird is designed to exceed(超过) the target—Wallenious said the ship would emit 90% less CO2 than other car carriers. With a top speed of about 10 knots, Oceanbird will be slower than standard car carriers, which can travel at 17 knots. It will take around 12 days, instead of the standard seven to cross the Atlantic. “This long journey will require some scheduling changes as well as acceptance from carmakers，” said Razola. “But the response so far has been very positive. ” Researchers in Wallenious have built a 7­meter model of Oceanbird which will sail in Stockholm's archipelago to gather data that will help finalize the ship's design. “It will take around three years to launch the full­size version. Our ambition is to see Oceanbird sailing in 2024，” Razola said. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最新设计的巨型跨大西洋汽车运输船 Oceanbird。 5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The design of Oceanbird. B．The capacity of Oceanbird. C．The operating method of wing sails. D．The sailing conditions for car carriers. A　[主旨大意题。根据第二段“With a capacity of 7，000 vehicles, the 650 foot­long vessel ...The ship will have five ‘wing sails’， with each being 260 feet tall ...are capable of turning 360 degrees ...”(这艘650英尺长的船可容纳7 000辆车辆……这艘船将有五个‘翼帆’，每个高260英尺。……能够360度旋转……)可知第二段主要介绍了Oceanbird 的容量、尺寸、外观、性能，即 Oceanbird 的设计。] 6．What brings challenges to the design of Oceanbird's sails? A．The lack of financial support. B．The lack of previous theories. C．The wind conditions at different heights. D．The tough weather on the Atlantic Ocean. C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中 Razola所说的话“That's because these are the tallest sails that have ever been constructed ... At such a height, the wind direction and speed change a lot(他们有最高的帆……在这样的高度，风向和速度的变化很大)”可推断，Oceanbird 帆的设计遇到的挑战是在不同的高度风向和风速也不同。] 7．What will Wallenious do in the future according to Paragraph 6? A．Increase the sailing speed. B．Arrange a scientific sailing schedule. C．Handle the conflicts between carmakers. D．Use standard ships instead of Oceanbird. B　[细节理解题。根据第六段“This long journey will require some scheduling changes as well as acceptance from carmakers(这一漫长的航行将需要一些日程安排的改变以及汽车制造商的接受)”可知，Wallenious 需要更科学地安排航行计划。] 8．Which of the following best describes Oceanbird? A．Giant and inconvenient. B．Low­cost but inefficient. C．High­capacity and high­speed. D．Well­designed and environment­friendly. D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中各种数据可知Oceanbird设计精良，根据第五段中的“Oceanbird is designed to exceed the target—Wallenious said the ship would emit 90% less CO2 than other car carriers.(Wallenious说，这艘船的二氧化碳排放量将比其他汽车运输船少90%。)”可知Oceanbird绿色环保。] Ⅱ.七选五 Giving an allowance to children can be a useful tool to teach them both a sense of responsibility and the ability to manage their money. 1 However, the adults are divided over when the time is right to stop giving their children an allowance. Some parents stop giving their children an allowance when they graduate from high school; they believe it's time for their children to earn their own way. 2 Instead of waiting until after high school, there are parents who believe that they should stop their children an allowance after they graduate from college. 3 Therefore, receiving an allowance will give children more time for schooling. 4 If chores aren't done, grades aren't kept up and there is a bad attitude, then it may be time to stop giving your child an allowance. In the real world, if your work doesn't meet its standard and your attitude is bad, then you will no longer get paid. If you are not sure when you should stop giving your child an allowance, talk to other parents. 5 Besides, even if you make a wrong decision, the situation can be changed right away. A．They think college should be for study only. B．Some parents feel an allowance should be earned. C．Their opinions might help you make a wise decision. D．It will no longer be proper for them to rely on parents. E．Obviously, the right answer is whatever the parent feels is correct. F．These lessons are important and can be carried on to their adult life as well. G．Picking the right time to stop giving your child an allowance is important. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。给孩子零用钱是教会他们责任感和管理金钱有用的工具。文章就什么时候该停止给孩子零用钱展开了讨论。 1．F　[根据上文“Giving an allowance to children can be a useful tool to teach them both a sense of responsibility and the ability to manage their money.”可知，给孩子零用钱是一个有用的工具，可以教会他们责任感和管理金钱的能力。F选项中的 “These lessons”指代上文的“a sense of responsibility and the ability to manage their money”，符合语境，指明这些能力的好处，故选F项。] 2．D　[根据上文“they believe it's time for their children to earn their own way”可知， 他们认为是孩子自己挣钱的时候了。D选项“对他们来说，依靠父母将不再合适。”紧扣上文，故选D项。] 3．A　[根据上文“Instead of waiting until after high school, there are parents who believe that they should stop their children an allowance after they graduate from college.”可知，有些家长认为他们应该在孩子大学毕业后停止给他们零用钱，而不是等到高中毕业后，由此可推断下文讲为什么要在大学毕业后停止给孩子零用钱，A选项“他们认为大学应该只是为了学习。”符合语境，故选A项。] 4．B　[根据下文“If chores aren't done, grades aren't kept up and there is a bad attitude, then it may be time to stop giving your child an allowance. In the real world, if your work doesn't meet its standard and your attitude is bad, then you will no longer get paid.”可知，如果家务不做，成绩不进步，态度不好，那么也许是时候停止给孩子零用钱了。在现实世界中，如果你的工作不符合标准，你的态度不好，那么你将不再得到报酬。由此可知本段主要讲应该通过好好做家务或者学习好来赚取零用钱，B选项“一些家长觉得应该挣零花钱。”符合语境，故选B项。] 5．C　[根据前面的“talk to other parents”可知，应该是听取一下其他人的意见，C选项“他们的意见可能会帮助你做出明智的决定。”符合语境，故选C项。] Ⅲ.完形填空 It was a windy day in December. A little girl was 1 outside with a sign “Homeless and Hungry”. The cardboard sign was the only protection she has from the cold. She remained seated on the sidewalk with a bowl beside her. Many people walked past the girl without even 2 her. A woman slowly walked up to the girl and 3 bent over. The woman asked if she was homeless. The little girl only 4 by simply shrugging her shoulders. The lady then asked if she was OK, and the girl shrugged her shoulders once again. The woman was very 5 and tried to ask the girl why she didn't have anywhere to go. Again, the little girl shrugged her shoulders. The woman eventually 6 and dropped some coins in the cup. The girl was 7 once again and looked hopefully down the street to see if anyone was coming to her way. A few minutes later, the same woman walked towards her, carrying two packages. The woman then 8 herself next to the girl and asked how she was doing. However, all the questions went 9 . The woman then gave her the two packages of food and said that she had no more to 10 ．The girl remained silent as a man stepped towards the 11 woman. He 12 it was a social experiment, and that the girl wasn't actually 13 . But to his great 14 ， he learned that the lady had given everything she had to 15 the girl—she was homeless herself! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女士在自己无家可归的情况下倾尽所有来帮助一个流浪的小女孩，最后她得知，小女孩并不是真的无家可归，这只是一个社会实验。 1．A．wandering B．crying C．sleeping D．sitting D　[句意：一个小女孩坐在外面，手里拿着“无家可归、饥肠辘辘”的牌子。A．wandering漫游；B．crying哭喊；C．sleeping睡觉；D．sitting坐。根据下文“She remained seated on the sidewalk”可知，此处指小女孩举着牌子坐在外面。] 2．A．waving at B．glancing at C．laughing at D．pointing at B　[句意：许多人从这个女孩身边走过，看也不看她一眼。A．waving at挥手；B．glancing at看一下；C．laughing at嘲笑；D．pointing at指着。根据上文“with a bowl beside her”以及“Many people walked past the girl without even”可推知，没人愿意在小女孩身边停留去看她一眼。] 3．A．impatiently B．secretly C．softly D．nervously C　[句意：一个女人慢慢地走到女孩跟前，轻轻地弯下腰。A．impatiently不耐烦地；B．secretly秘密地；C．softly轻轻地；D．nervously紧张地。根据上文“slowly walked up to the girl”以及并列连词“and”可知，空处和前面的slowly并列，形容那个女人动作很轻柔，所以用softly，表示她轻轻地弯下腰。] 4．A．continued B．admitted C．responded D．analyzed C　[句意：小女孩只是简单地耸了耸肩膀作为回应。A．continued继续；B．admitted承认；C．responded回应；D．analyzed分析。根据上文“The woman asked if she was homeless.”可知，此处指小女孩对那位女士的问题进行回应。] 5．A．confused B．ambitious C．casual D．particular A　[句意：女人非常困惑，试图问女孩为什么没有地方可去。A．confused困惑的；B．ambitious有野心的；C．casual随意的；D．particular特别的。根据上文“The lady then asked if she was OK, and the girl shrugged her shoulders again.”可知，女人再三询问女孩却没有得到答案，所以她应该感到困惑。] 6．A．ran out B．turned up C．shouted out D．gave up D　[句意：这位女士最终放弃了，在杯子里扔了一些硬币。A．ran out用完；B．turned up出现；C．shouted out大喊；D．gave up放弃。根据上文“Again, the little girl shrugged her shoulders. The woman eventually”可知，女人问了好几个问题，小女孩都没有回答，所以可以推断，那个女人最终放弃了问小女孩问题。] 7．A．alone B．free C．cold D．curious A　[句意：女孩又孤身一人了，她满怀希望地望着街道，看看有没有人朝她走来。A．alone独自一人；B．free自由的；C．cold寒冷的；D．curious好奇的。根据下文“The woman eventually 6 and dropped some coins in the cup.”可知，那个女人走了，所以小女孩又独自一人了。] 8．A．sheltered B．lowered C．enjoyed D．covered B　[句意：然后，那位妇女坐到小女孩身边，问她过得怎么样。A．sheltered躲避；B．lowered降低；C．enjoyed享受；D．covered覆盖。根据下文“next to the girl”可知，女人应该是坐了下来和女孩说话。] 9．A．understandable B．together C．wrong D．unanswered D　[句意：然而，所有的问题都没有得到回答。A．understandable可以理解的；B．together到一起；C．wrong错误的；D．unanswered未答复的。根据下文“The girl remained silent”以及语境可知，女人问小女孩的所有问题都没有得到回答。] 10．A．sell B．waste C．offer D．complain C　[句意：女人把那两包食物给了她，说她再也没有东西给她了。A．sell出售；B．waste浪费；C．offer提供；D．complain抱怨。根据“gave her the two packages of food and said that she had no more”可推知，女人应该是把自己所有的食物都给了女孩，所以她再没有东西可提供了。] 11．A．kind B．ridiculous C．desperate D．mysterious A　[句意：女孩保持着沉默，这时一个男人向这位善良的女人走去。A．kind善良的；B．ridiculous荒唐的；C．desperate绝望的；D．mysterious神秘的。根据上文“The woman then gave her the two packages of food and said that she had no more to offer.”以及语境可知，这位女士看到寒风中的小女孩之后表示关心，并且把自己所有的食物都给了她，因此可以推断她是一个善良的人。] 12．A．agreed B．explained C．supposed D．hoped B　[句意：他解释说这是一个社会实验，女孩并不是真的无家可归。A．agreed同意；B．explained解释；C．supposed认为；D．hoped希望。根据下文“it was a social experiment”可知，此处指走过来的那位男士对眼前的情况进行解释，说这是一个社会实验。] 13．A．careless B．aggressive C．homeless D．embarrassed C　[句意见上题解析。A．careless粗心的；B．aggressive有攻击性的；C．homeless无家可归的；D．embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“it was a social experiment”可知，过来的那位男士对眼前的情况进行解释，说这是一个社会实验，可推知，那个小女孩并不是真的无家可归。] 14．A．excitement B．astonishment C．disappointment D．amusement B　[句意：但令他大为吃惊的是，他得知那位女士为帮助那个女孩付出了一切——她自己是无家可归的人！A．excitement激动；B．astonishment吃惊；C．disappointment 失望；D．amusement娱乐。根据下文“he learned that the lady had given everything she had to 15 the girl—she was homeless herself！”可知，那位女士在自己无家可归的情况下拿出一切来帮助小女孩，这是令人吃惊的。] 15．A．change B．resist C．transform D．help D　[句意见上题解析。A．change改变；B．resist抵制；C．transform使改观；D．help帮助。根据“The woman then gave her the two packages of food and said that she had no more to 10 ．”可知，那位女士倾尽所有来帮助小女孩。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$