单元检测卷(1)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

单元检测卷(一) [对应学生用书P128] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location(位置) with security and comfort. Yellow Hostel If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best­rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station. Hostel Alessandro Palace If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. Youth Station Hostel If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi­Fi in every room. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10­minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi­Fi. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了罗马不同的旅社及其各自的特色。 1．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? A．Comfort.　　　　　　　　 B．Security. C．Price. D．Location. C　[细节理解题。通过第一段第一句“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.(对旅行者来说，罗马可能很昂贵，这就是许多人选择住旅社的原因。)”可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。] 2．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life? A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace. C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes. B　[细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分中的“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.(如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。)”可知，如果你喜欢活跃的社交生活，Hostel Alessandro Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。] 3．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes? A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative. C．It charges for Wi­Fi. D．It's inconveniently located. C　[细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分中的“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi­Fi.(但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi­Fi。)”可知， Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi­Fi收费。] B Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini­program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini­program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI(Artificial Intelligence), students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals to children in impoverished(贫困的) rural areas. Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. It has swept over 1，017 universities across the country. The one­month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions(碳排放) by 3，337 tons. “Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste，” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017.To solve the AI's problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini­program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year. “There were so many unknowns in research and development. For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it，” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini­program has more than 5 million registered users, according to Liu. “We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation by encouraging them to cherish(珍惜) their food and develop the habit of thrift(节约)，” Liu added. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了清华大学学生，23岁的柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘”的微信小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。 4．What can we know about the “Clear Your Plate” mini­program? A．It aims to put an end to waste and encourage thrift. B．Its 6 million users are mostly students. C．It helped reduce food waste by 3，337 tons. D．It is an exchange of food for rewards. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After a meal, users can open the mini­program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI(Artificial Intelligence), students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals to children in impoverished rural areas.(饭后，用户可以打开这个小程序，为自己的空盘子拍照。一旦图像被AI(人工智能)识别，学生们就可以收集积分，用这些积分来购买礼物或为贫困农村地区的儿童购买慈善餐。)”可知，通过拍空盘子的照片到这个小程序，参与者可以获得积分，同时可以利用积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村地区儿童的慈善餐。所以这是用食物换取奖励。] 5．What challenge did Liu and his team face? A．They found it tough to promote the campaign. B．They felt uncertain whether they could complete the project. C．They lacked professional technical support. D．They had difficulty gathering enough samples. B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it(对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的心理挑战是我们是否有足够的信心完成这项任务)”可知，柳的团队面临的最大挑战是对于是否能完成这个任务是不确定的。] 6．Which of the following best describes Liu Jichen? A．Optimistic and demanding. B．Generous and responsible. C．Talented and humorous. D．Creative and determined. D　[推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Liu Jichen，23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini­program called ‘Clear Your Plate’．(23岁的清华大学学生柳济琛开发了一个名为‘光盘’的微信小程序。)”可知，柳济琛是极具创造性的人；倒数第二段中的“To solve the AI's problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini­program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. (为了解决人工智能识别空盘子照片的问题，研究小组花了半年时间，在食堂和餐馆收集了超过10万个样本。2018年10月16日，世界粮食日，这个小程序正式投入运行。)”可以看出，柳和他的团队是意志坚定的。] 7．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A textbook. B　[推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Liu Jichen，23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini­program called ‘Clear Your Plate’．(23岁的清华大学学生柳济琛开发了一个名为‘光盘’的微信小程序。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了23岁的柳济琛发明了“光盘”的微信小程序以及柳和他的团队所付出的努力。A、C、D选项都不合适，所以本文最有可能来自一篇新闻报道。] C Hundreds of years ago，news was carried from place to place by people on foot or by horse. It took days，weeks and sometimes months for people to receive news. Now it is possible to send words and pictures around the world in seconds. Billions of people learn about news stories of their own country and all over the world every day，either by watching TV or reading newspapers. Newspapers have been an important part of everyday life since the 18th century. Many countries have hundreds of different newspapers. How do newspaper editors decide which news stories to print? Why do they print some stories and not others? What makes a good newspaper story? Firstly，it is important to report news stories.TV stations can report news much faster than newspapers. Yet，newspapers give more about the same story. They may also look at the story in another way，or they may print completely different stories to those on TV. Secondly，a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don't want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news. For example，newspapers never print stories about planes landing safely；instead they print stories about plane accidents. Another factor is also very important in many news stories. Many people are interested in news in foreign countries, but more prefer to read stories about people，places and events in their own country. So the stories on the front page in Chinese newspapers are usually very different from the ones in British，French and American newspapers. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是新闻的两种传播途径：电视和报纸，并讲了如何成就好的报纸故事的方法。 8．The difference between newspaper stories and TV news reports is that ． A．people can learn more about the same news story from a newspaper B．people can read the news story more quickly in a newspaper C．people can read news stories in other countries D．people can read news stories about their own country A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TV stations can report news much faster than newspapers. Yet，newspapers give more about the same story.(电视台报道新闻比报纸快得多。然而，报纸对同一件事的报道更多。)”可知，关于同一新闻故事，人们可以从报纸上了解到更多的内容。] 9．To make a good newspaper story，how many factors does the passage talk about? A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. D．Six. B　[细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段开头Firstly, Secondly, Another factor可知，一个好的新闻故事要具备三个因素。] 10．According to the passage，which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A．You often play football with your friends after school. B．Your teacher has got a cold. C．A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn't been caught. D．The bike in front of your house is lost. C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Secondly，a news story has to be interesting and unusual.(其次，新故事要求趣味性及不寻常性。)”以及“many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be ‘bad’ news(许多故事是关于某种危险的，似乎是‘坏’消息)”可知，“市动物园里的一只老虎已经跑出来了，还没有被抓住”满足以上两点要求，最有可能在电视上看到。] 11．Which of the following is NOT true in this passage? A．News stories on the front page of every country are always the same. B．People like to read interesting and unusual news. C．Not only TV but also newspapers can help people to learn what is happening around the world. D．Newspapers have been an important part of everyday life for more than three hundred years. A　[细节理解题。由第五段中的“So the stories on the front page in Chinese newspapers are usually very different from the ones in British，French and American newspapers.(因此，中国报纸头版的报道通常与英国、法国和美国的报纸有很大的不同。)”可知，每个国家的版面的首页是不同的。] D Journalists are the major group of people who make their living from writing. Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills. Although writing for newspapers and writing for books require different qualities, the aspiration (志向) to be a great writer is not one to be discouraged in a would­be journalist. Most people want their work to be recognized by others. This helps to give it value. Some people also want themselves to be recognized, so that they have status (地位) in the eyes of society. It is not a bad motive to wish to be famous, but this must never become your main reason for being a journalist. You will not be a good journalist if you care more for impressing your audience than for serving their needs. Knowing the power of the printed or spoken word or image, some people enter journalism for the power it will give them to influence people. There is a strong belief that journalists control the mass media but the best journalists recognize their role as servants of the people. There is a difference between the desire to influence events for your own sake, and the desire to do it for other people. You should never use journalism for selfish ends, but you can use it to improve the life of other people. Curiosity is a natural part of most people's characters and an important ingredient for any journalist. Lots of young men and women enter the profession with the desire to know more about the world without needing to specialize in limited fields of study. Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject. Knowledge has many uses. It can simply help to make you a fuller and more interesting person. It can also give you power over people, especially people who do not have that particular knowledge. Always bear in mind that power can be used in a positive way to improve people's lives. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因。 12．What can we know from the first paragraph? A．Journalists are most likely to become great writers. B．Writing for newspapers is similar to writing for novels. C．Most of the journalists make a living by writing books. D．Journalism can be used as a means to improve writing. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills.”可知，许多将来想当作家的年轻人把新闻工作看作一种谋生同时又能锻炼写作技巧的方式。] 13．Why do some people want themselves to be recognized? A．To gain high position. B．To get great power. C．To earn much wealth. D．To learn rich knowledge. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some people also want themselves to be recognized，so that they have status in the eyes of society.It is not a bad motive to wish to be famous”可知，他们想出名，想受人尊敬，这样就会有很高的社会地位。] 14．What is most necessary for journalists according to Paragraph 4? A．Being specialized in a certain field. B．Having a wide range of knowledge. C．Being good at making friends with others. D．Being able to speak a foreign language well. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject.”可知，大部分新闻工作者对很多事情都略有所知，而不是精通某一学科，即他们的知识面比较广。] 15．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The development of journalism. B．The challenges journalists face now. C．How to become a qualified journalist. D．Why people choose a career in journalism. D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因，即为什么人们选择从事新闻业。] Ⅱ.七选五 Good study habits are what separate the good students from the ordinary. It's natural for one not to want to study, especially when there are video games to play, friends to gossip with and exciting TV programs to watch. After a good study session, you will enjoy all those activities even more. 16 Read on to learn how. Pick a place to study. If you find the right place and keep coming back to it, you will be able to focus when the time comes to read the books. Find a place where you can spread out your materials. 17 Choose a time to study. 18 The moment may happen in the calm morning hours or after minutes of physical exercises. To develop good study habits, start at the same time each day and plan your other activities around this period. Mix it up. 19 It's natural to want variety so that you stay interested in what you are trying to learn. If you find a particular subject boring, put it between two subjects you enjoy. 20 This is an important part of developing good study habits. Deep down(在心底) we are all five­year­olds who just want a candy bar. Let your treat be a chat with friends, a healthy snack, or even a night on the town if you finish a big project. A．Give yourself rewards to finish. B．Give yourself some breaks while you are studying. C．Above all, think about whether it helps you concentrate best. D．Everybody has points in the day when their brain works best. E．Noise is okay if you need the sound of music or television in the background. F．Besides, developing your concentration helps make you a smarter person. G．Study one subject for an hour, take a break, and then continue with another subject. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在学习中培养专注力的一些方法。 16．F　[上文“Good study habits are what separate the good students from the ordinary. (好的学习习惯是好学生与普通学生的区别。)”，空后“Read on to learn how. (继续阅读以了解如何做。)”，可知此空是关于某一学习好习惯的。再根据下面段落中“If you find the right place and keep coming back to it, you will be able to focus when the time comes to read the books. (如果你找到了合适的地方，并不断地回到那里，你将在阅读书籍的时候能够集中精力。)”可知，本文重点介绍的是学习时集中注意力这个好习惯的培养，所以选项F “此外，培养你的注意力有助于使你成为一个更聪明的人”符合逻辑和句意上的要求。] 17．C　[根据上题分析可知，本文主要关注专注力的培养。上文“If you find the right place and keep coming back to it, you will be able to focus when the time comes to read the books.”说明了如果你找到了合适的地方，并不断地回到同样的地方，你将在阅读书籍的时候能够集中精力。选项C “最重要的是，想想它是否有助于你更好地集中注意力”再次强调你找的这个地方要有助于你集中注意力，符合语境。] 18．D　[根据空前“Choose a time to study. (选择一个学习的时间。)”，此段是有关学习时间的。选项D“每个人的大脑一天中都有工作最高效的时刻”，符合本段讲述的内容，我们选择学习时间时，要尽量选择大脑工作效率高的时刻。下文“The moment may happen in the calm morning hours or after minutes of physical exercises. (这一时刻可能发生在早晨平静的几个小时或几分钟的体育锻炼之后。)”是对此选项中的时刻的进一步解释。] 19．G　[本段中心句为“Mix it up. (混合起来学习。)”，下文“It's natural to want variety so that you stay interested in what you are trying to learn. If you find a particular subject boring, put it between two subjects you enjoy. (想要多样化是很自然的，这样你就能对你想学的东西保持兴趣。如果你觉得某个科目很无聊，就把它放在你喜欢的两个科目之间。)”，选项G“学习一个科目一小时，休息一下，然后继续另一个科目”对应了本段中心，将科目混合起来学，下文也是对选项内容的进一步解释。] 20．A　[根据上面段落首句的句式特点，可知此空应用祈使句。由下文“Deep down we are all five­year­olds who just want a candy bar. Let your treat be a chat with friends, a healthy snack, or even a night on the town if you finish a big project. (在内心深处我们都是五岁的孩子，只想要一块糖果。如果你完成了一个大项目，你可以奖励自己和朋友聊聊天，吃点健康的小吃，甚至可以在城里过夜。) ”可知，选项A“奖励自己完成任务”，符合本段讲述的中心，句式上也符合要求。] Ⅲ.完形填空 As is often the case, childhood was the happiest time of our lives. But, that was not 21 for me, at least between the ages of 10 to 12.I was practically 22 by my parents, who seemed only interested in their never­ending money making. I was 23 ， a loner at school too, disliked by my classmates for getting good grades. Longing for 24 ， I fell into depression and started thinking about death. While on the school field trip, I lost my footing and slipped into a marsh(沼泽)and got my 25 muddy. As luck would have it, out of nowhere, an angel, in the 26 of a native woman, lent me a helping hand. She 27 me to her small cottage and helped me change my wet trousers. She made me eat from 28 little food she had, and told me funny stories， 29 to cheer me up. That lady saved me. She saved my belief in the 30 of people. I came to realize that whatever happens, there are good things in the world, which you can 31 for existence. Another thing I noticed was that the lady, though she lived in 32 surroundings, seemed delighted. I realized that life is beautiful if we love it. Only those who are 33 their life can really understand what happiness really is. I dropped the idea of ending my 34 . I must thank that kind lady for what I had never experienced till then. 35 someone's life with kindness is worth all the treasure in the world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。童年并不幸福的作者，被父母忽视、没有朋友，甚至被同学讨厌，让作者一度陷入了抑郁，想结束生命。直到作者遇到了一个好心的妇女，妇女的善良改变了作者的生活，让作者放弃了轻生的念头。作者感谢她给了自己从未经历过的一切。 21．A．rational B．acceptable C．true D．abnormal C　[句意：但是，这对我来说不是真的，至少对10到12岁的孩子来说不是。A．rational理性的；B．acceptable可接受的；C．true真实的；D．abnormal异常的。根据上文but表示转折可知，童年不是作者一生中最快乐的时光，所以这句话对作者来说并不是真的。] 22．A．discriminated B．ignored C．abused D．missed B　[句意：我的父母实际上忽视了我，他们似乎只对他们永无休止的赚钱感兴趣。A．discriminated歧视；B．ignored 忽视；C．abused虐待；D．missed错过。结合后文“who seemed only interested in their never­ending money making”可知，作者的父母只顾挣钱，忽视了作者。] 23．A．helpless B．friendless C．invisible D．transparent B　[句意：我没有朋友，在学校也是孤身一人，因为成绩好而被同学们讨厌。A．helpless无助的；B．friendless 没有朋友的；C．invisible看不见的；D．transparent 透明的。结合后文“a loner at school too”可知，作者没有朋友，在学校也是孤身一人。] 24．A．freedom B．schooling C．company D．affection C　[句意：由于渴望有人陪伴，我陷入了抑郁，并开始思考死亡。A．freedom自由；B．schooling学校教育；C．company 陪伴；D．money钱。结合第一段中的“I was practically 22 by my parents, who seemed only interested in their never­ending money making. I was 23 ， a loner at school too, disliked by my classmates for getting good grades.”可知，作者被父母忽视、没有朋友，还被同学讨厌，所以作者是渴望陪伴的。] 25．A．backpack B．coat C．glasses D．trousers D　[句意：在学校郊游时，我失足滑进了沼泽地，把裤子弄脏了。A．backpack背包；B．coat外套；C．glasses眼镜；D．trousers裤子。根据后文中的“wet trousers”可知，是弄脏了裤子。] 26．A．form B．absence C．direction D．face A　[句意：幸运的是，不知从哪冒出来一个天使，以一个土著妇女的形式，向我伸出了援助之手。A．form形式；B．absence缺席；C．direction方向；D．face脸。根据上文“As luck would have it, out of nowhere, an angel”可知，在作者看来，是天使向她伸出援助之手，而天使是以一位当地妇女的形式出现的。] 27．A．fetched B．followed C．pointed D．took D　[句意：她把我带到她的小屋，帮我换了湿裤子。A．fetched 去拿；B．followed跟随；C．pointed指出；D．took 带去；拿；取。根据后文“me to her small cottage” 可知，妇女带作者到自己的小屋。] 28．A．what B．so C．how D．such A　[句意：她给我吃她仅有的一点点食物，还给我讲有趣的故事，试图让我振作起来。A．what多么；B．so因此；C．how如何；D．such如此。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，只有what可以引导宾语从句，修饰little表示“多么少”。] 29．A．demanding B．offering C．attempting D．pursuing C　[句意见上题解析。A．demanding要求；B．offering 提议；C．attempting试图；D．pursuing追求。根据上文“She made me eat from 28 little food she had, and told me funny stories”并结合后文“cheer me up”可知，这位女士给作者吃东西，讲故事，试图让作者高兴起来。attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”。] 30．A．honesty B．kindness C．ability D．wisdom B　[句意：她使我相信人是善良的。A．honesty诚实；B．kindness善良；C．ability能力；D．wisdom智慧。根据最后一段中“someone's life with kindness”可知，是妇女的善良使作者相信人是善良的。] 31．A．rely on B．contribute to C．devote to D．weigh up A　[句意：我明白了，无论发生什么事，世界上总有一些美好的事情是你可以依靠它生存的。A．rely on信赖；B．contribute to有助于；C．devote to致力于；D．weigh up权衡。结合上文“there are good things in the world, which you can”可知，作者明白了世界上总有一些美好的事情，是可以去信赖的。] 32．A．luxurious B．unpleasant C．unfamiliar D．natural B　[句意：我注意到的另一件事是，那位女士虽然生活在不愉快的环境中，但她看起来很快乐。A．luxurious奢侈的；B．unpleasant使人不愉快的；C．unfamiliar不熟悉的；D．natural自然的。根据“her small cottage”和“ what little food she had”，可知，这位妇女生活贫困，居住条件差。] 33．A．serious about B．proud of C．content with D．accustomed to C　[句意：只有那些对自己的生活满意的人才能真正理解幸福是什么。A．serious about认真对待；B．proud of为……而感到骄傲；C．content with满足于；D．accustomed to习惯于。根据上文“I realized that life is beautiful if we love it”并结合后文“can really understand what happiness really is”可知，妇女让作者意识到生活的美好，因此推断作者认为只有那些对自己生活满意的人才能真正理解幸福是什么。] 34．A．trip B．ambition C．exploration D．life D　[句意：我放弃了结束我生命的想法。A．trip旅途；B．ambition抱负；C．exploration探索；D．life生命。根据第二段中“I fell into depression and started thinking about death”可知，作者想过要结束生命。] 35．A．Changing B．Rekindling C．Creating D．Interfering A　[句意：用善意改变一个人的生活，是世界上最宝贵的财富。A．Changing改变；B．Rekindling重新点燃；C．Creating 创造；D．Interfering干涉；干预。根据文章内容可知，妇女的善良让作者放弃了轻生的念头，所以是妇女的善良改变了作者的生活。] Ⅳ.语法填空 Some misunderstanding is putting shark populations at risk now.Thousands of sharks are dying as 36. result of people's false beliefs. Female sharks need males to make babies.Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves and have young sharks 37. a male shark.That's something 38. (common) seen in plants and insects like ants and bees. Shark fins have medical function.Traditionally，shark fin soup 39. (believe) to have health benefits and is quite special in China.40. modern scientists point out that shark tissue(组织) can be extremely high in poison.What's more，hunting for sharks kills up to 100 million animals each year，41. (endanger) several different species. If you're bitten by a shark，you will be a goner.You are more than twice as likely 42. (die) from a lightning strike as from a shark bite，according to the Florida Museum's International Shark Attack File(ISAF).“Even if bitten by sharks，the large 43. (major) of people survive，”says Dr.Chapman.There 44. (be) sixty­six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents around the world in 2018，only six of 45. were dangerous，according to the ISAF. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对鲨鱼的一些错误认知。其中一些误解导致大量鲨鱼死亡。 36．a　[考查固定用法。句意：因为人们的错误认知，成千上万只鲨鱼即将死去。as a result of意为“作为……的结果；因为……”。] 37．without　[考查介词。此处表示一些雌性鲨鱼在没有雄性鲨鱼的情况下，能够自己生育幼崽。] 38．commonly　[考查词性转换。修饰过去分词seen需用副词。] 39．is believed　[考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示鱼翅汤被认为对健康有益。空处与主语shark fin soup为动宾关系，且此处为客观性描述，故用一般现在时的被动语态。] 40．But/Yet　[考查连词。空后表述的“鲨鱼组织含有剧毒”与空前表述的“鱼翅汤被认为对健康有益”之间为转折关系。] 41．endangering　[考查非谓语动词。句意：更为重要的是，捕猎鲨鱼的行为导致每年多达1亿只动物死亡，危及几个不同的物种。空处与谓语动词kills之间无连词，故本空需填非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词作状语。] 42．to die　[考查固定用法。be likely to do “有可能做……”。] 43．majority　[考查词性转换。空前是形容词large，空后为of，空处应为名词。] 44．were　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in 2018可知，此处应用一般过去时；且incidents为复数。] 45．which　[考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“数词＋of＋which”结构。] Ⅴ.写作 第一节　应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的一位英国朋友Eric非常喜欢中国书法，你准备赠送他一本英译版《中国书法鉴赏》并邮寄给他。请你写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1．写邮件的目的； 2．简介该书(如：收集了各类作品；介绍了中国书法的特点等)； 3．询问邮寄地址。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：《中国书法鉴赏》　Appreciation of Chinese Calligraphy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [参考范文] Dear Eric， Knowing you are fond of Chinese calligraphy, I would like to send you a book about it. Named Appreciation of Chinese Calligraphy, the book is an English translation, which includes a fascinating collection of masterpieces. It not only presents a variety of calligraphy styles but provides videos showing how to write Chinese characters. I am sure you will have a good knowledge of this form of art and are more willing to have a try. Could you leave me your address so that I can mail it to you soon? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节　读后续写 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。 In 1945, a 12­year­old boy saw a beautiful brooch(胸针) in a shop window that set his heart racing. But the price—five dollars—was too high for Reuben Earle. Five dollars would buy almost a week's food for his family. Reuben couldn't ask his father for the money. Everything his father made through fishing went to his mother, Dora. Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home and the glue that held it together. The housework was never­ending, and she struggled to feed and clothe their five children, but she was happy as her family and their well­being were all she cared about. Nevertheless, he opened the shop's door and went inside. Standing proudly and straight in his flour­sack (面粉袋改做的)shirt and washed­out trousers, he told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding, “But I don't have the money right now. Can you please hold it for me for some time？” “I'll try，” the shopkeeper smiled. “People around here don't usually have that kind of money to spend on things. It should keep for a while.” Reuben respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out. He would raise the money and not tell anybody, for he thought Mum would get surprised when she saw that brooch. On hearing the sound of hammering(捶打) from a side street, Reuben suddenly had an idea that he could raise money by selling the used nail bags. People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails bought in bags from a local factory. Sometimes the used bags were thrown away at the construction site, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece. That day he sold two nail bags and hid the money in a rusty soda tin. Paragraph 1： Every day after school, Reuben started his plan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Paragraph 2： Finally, the time came！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [参考范文] Paragraph 1： Every day after school, Reuben started his plan. Cold and hungry, Reuben wandered around, searching for nail bags carefully from one street to another. To save more money, the determined boy even decided to deliver papers on the early morning. Every coin he won went to a soda tin, his treasured “bank”， and then all the tiredness disappeared magically. Each time he passed by the brooch in the shop window would remind him what he did was worthwhile. Day by day, his soda tin became heavier and heavier. Six weeks passed before he even knew it. Then approached the Christmas Eve. Paragraph 2： Finally, the time came! Reuben stole into his room and cautiously took out the soda tin, poured all the coins out and began to count. Five dollars and twenty cents! He counted it a second time, and no mistake. His hard work eventually paid off! Holding the soda tin firmly, Reuben rushed for the shop without a second's delay. Wearing the beautiful brooch and knowing the story behind it, Dora was too overjoyed to utter a word. She just threw her arms tightly around her beloved son. “Merry Christmas, Mom”， the son announced proudly. “You too，” the proud mother echoed. Well, no dream is out of reach for a willing heart. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$