UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit and Reading—Language Points（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit and Reading—Language Points [对应学生用书P81] 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 ①castle n．城堡 (build) castles in the air (建)空中楼阁，幻想，空想 ②input n．输入的信息；投入vt. (input, input)输入(信息) ③capacity n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量 ④analyse (AmE analyze) vt.分析 analysis n．分析→pl. analyses ⑤massive adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的 ⑥network n．网络，网状系统；关系网，人际网；(互联)网络 ⑦coin vt.创造(新词语) ⑧breakthrough n．重大进展，突破adj.突破性的 ⑨finance n．财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理vt.提供资金 to name but a few略举几例 ⑪autonomous adj.自主的，有自主权的；自治的 ⑫domestic adj.家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的 ⑬threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 ⑭crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动 ⑮murder vt.& n．谋杀，凶杀 ⑯urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 ⑰pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n.姿势 ⑱apparently adv.显然，可见 ⑲warning n．警告，先兆；警戒 ⑳demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要 victim n．受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品 fall victim to受伤，受损，被害 greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的 Artificial intelligence: friendly or frightening? Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be! It may seem like building castles① in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 句中given用作介词，意为“考虑到”，相当于considering/in view of；at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed为定语从句。 At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs② and performing tasks like humans. To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions. Deep­learning AI has the capacity③ to analyse④ massive⑤ amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks⑥ of the human brain. 句中At the basic level为介词短语作状语；that aims to create intelligent machines是定语从句；aim to do sth.意在做某事。 句中To achieve this aim是不定式短语作目的状语； have been put forward是现在完成时的被动语态；which引导非限制性定语从句。 The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined⑦ in the mid­1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science. However, for a long time, AI technology developed very slowly. A major breakthrough⑧ in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess­playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. Then in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, which demonstrated a significant advance in deep­learning AI systems. 句中Then in 2017是时间状语；named AlphaGo是过去分词短语作定语；which demonstrated a significant advance in deep­learning AI systems是定语从句。 Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance⑨， health care, machine translation and art, to name but a fewB10. From autonomous⑪ vehicles to domestic⑫ robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces. In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history. With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes, we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. The question is, where will all this lead? While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Could machines really develop human­like intelligence? And what would happen if they did? Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten⑬ the existence of humans? How would they be punished if they committed crimes⑭ or even murdered⑮ humans? As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging⑯ us to think about the dangers posed⑰ by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking, for example, warned, “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.” 句中While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future是状语从句；where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage是定语从句。 Apparently ⑱， such warnings⑲ demand⑳ our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us—but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for！ 人工智能：是敌是友？ 想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个按钮，就能召来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作。那该有多酷啊！这听起来可能像幻想，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目标是创建智能机器。AI的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正AI的方法，其中包括“深度学习”，这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。深度学习AI拥有从多个层次分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。 AI的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而20世纪40年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实。“人工智能”这个术语是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵探索过。然而在很长一段时间里，AI技术发展得相当缓慢。1997年，AI发展有了一个重大突破，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。之后在2017年，一个叫阿尔法围棋的计算机程序下赢了可谓人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这说明了深度学习AI系统的一大显著进展。 如今，AI已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，不一而足。从自动驾驶车辆到家用机器人，从推荐系统到撰写小说的电脑，AI有着不计其数的应用。普通人现在能够使用AI获取外语文本的即时翻译，机器也已经能够识别人们的指纹甚至面容。 简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。显然，我们正处于历史的转折点。有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。问题在于，这一切将会导致什么？ AI的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。机器真的能够发展出像人类一样的智能吗？如果真的可以，又会发生什么？能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考AI的进步所带来的危险。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金就曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。” 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。我们需要确保自己不会沦为AI的受害者。我们可能还是会认为，可以整天放松，让自动化机器为我们完成所有工作，这样的生活很美妙——但也许我们不该太过贪婪，而应对我们的期待保持谨慎！ 1．castle n．城堡 2．input n．输入的信息；投入 vt.(input, input) 输入(信息) 3．capacity n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量 4．massive adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的 5．network n．网络，网状系统；关系网，人际网；(互联)网络 6．coin vt.创造(新词语) 7．breakthrough n．重大进展，突破adj.突破性的 8．domestic adj.家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的 9．pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n．姿势 10．demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要 11．victim n．受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品 12．greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的 13．database n．数据库 14．alternative n．可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的 15．hacker n．黑客 16．theft n．偷窃，偷窃罪 17．fail­safe adj.有自动保险装置的，具有自动防止故障性能的 18．analyse (AmE analyze) vt.分析 analysis n．分析→pl. analyses 19．finance n．财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的 20．autonomous adj.自主的，有自主权的；自治的 autonomously adv.自治地；独立自主地 21．threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 threat n．威胁；征兆；恐吓 22．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动 criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的；犯法的 23．murder vt.& n．谋杀，凶杀 murderer n．凶手；谋杀犯；杀人犯 24．urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策n.冲动，强烈的欲望 urgent adj.紧迫的；紧要的 25．apparently adv.显然，可见 apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 26．warning n．警告，先兆；警戒 warn v．警告 27．recognition n．识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识 recognize vt.认出，识别；承认 1．wake up醒来 2．(build) castles in the air (建)空中楼阁，幻想，空想 3．come true 实现；变成现实 4．put forward提出 5．in short总之；简言之 6．get close to接近 7．think about考虑；回想 8．fall victim to受伤，受损，被害 9．break into强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等)；顺利打入 10．to name but a few略举几例 1．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 这听起来可能像是幻想，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 2．不定式短语作目的状语 To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions. 为了实现这一目标，人们提出了许多创建真正人工智能的方法，其中包括“深度学习”，这种方法可以使机器通过学习以前操作的结果来提高自己的性能。 3．复合结构作状语 With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes, we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. 有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。 4．as引导状语从句 Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces. 而且，已有黑客利用社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型并侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生，这让人们越来越担心自己会成为这一技术的受害者。 1．given prep.考虑到 [教材P44]　It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 这听起来可能像是幻想，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 (1)given 用作介词，意为“由于，鉴于，考虑到”。 (2)用于given(that)...是从属连词，意为“如果，假设”。 (3)用作give的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语。 (4)given adj.特定的 (1)Given the present conditions, I think she's done rather well. 考虑到目前的情况，我认为她干成这样就算不错了。 (2)About 250 students are working with us at any given time. 大约有250名学生在特定的时间与我们一起工作。 (3) In a given situation, more than one of these methods may be used. 在特定的情况下，这些方法中不止一种可以使用。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Given(give) the chance, I'd do it again. ②Given that conflict is inevitable, we need to learn how to manage it. 完成句子 ③Given that little knowledge we learn about going abroad for study, the guiding conference is very worthy of focusing on. 鉴于我们对于出国前景的不太了解，这次的指导会议非常值得我们关注。 ④Given his age, he did it quite well. 考虑到他的年龄，他做得相当好。 2．coin vt.创造(新词语) [教材P44]　Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid­1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science. “人工智能”这个术语是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵探索过。 (1) coin n．硬币；金钱 pay in one's own coin以其人之道，还治其人之身 the other side of the coin问题的另一面 (2)coin＋n./pron.＋to do创造…… (1) He has coined several new technical words which are now widely used. 他曾创造过几个现在广泛应用的新技术用语。 (2) Since she refused to help me, the next time she asks me for a favor I will pay her back in her own coin. 因为她拒绝帮助我，所以下次她要我帮忙时，我一定以其人之道，还治其人之身。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①We should take both aspects of the problem into account/consideration. ＝We should see two sides of a coin． 问题的两面我们都要考虑到。 ②He coined a new word to name the newly­discovered element. 他造了一个新词来命名这种新发现的元素。 3．threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 [教材P45]　Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? 能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？ (1)threaten with用……来威胁……，受到……的威胁 threaten to do sth.威胁做某事 threaten that ...威胁…… (2)threat n．威胁；恐吓；凶兆 (3)threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的 (1)He threatened to call the police. 他威胁着要报警。 (2)The newcomers directly threaten the livelihood of the established workers. 新来的工人直接威胁到老工人的饭碗。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①The fighting is threatening to turn(turn) into full­scale war. ②His threats(threaten) are just talk. Don't worry! ③He made an admission that he had used threatening (threat) behaviour. 完成句子 ④The boss threatened to fire her. 老板威胁要开除她。 ⑤The landlord threatened his tenants that he would expel them unless they paid him within a week. 房东威胁房客说，如果一周内不付房费给他，将把他们赶走。 4．urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n．冲动；强烈的欲望 [教材P45]　As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考AI的进步所带来的危险。 (1)urge sb. to do/into doing sth.催促某人做某事 urge that ... (should) do sth.极力主张；强调…… It is urged that ... (should) do sth.坚决要求…… (2)urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 (3)urgency n．紧急；迫切 (1)In order to improve learning efficiency, I urge that all of us (should) form the habit of thinking independently and reviewing lessons in time. 为了提高学习效率，我主张大家应该养成独立思考和及时复习的习惯。 (2)I urge to make a rule which says Learn from Each Other，hoping that they will learn more knowledge and make more friends by helping each other. 我极力主张制定一个规则， 倡导彼此相互学习， 希望他们通过相互帮助广交朋友， 学习更多知识。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Parents should actively urge their children to take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. ②The people in the earthquake­stricken area are in urgent (urge) need of food，medicine and shelters. 一句多译 随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。(urge) ③Our teacher urges us to study hard with the final exam drawing near. ④Our teacher urges us into studying hard with the final exam drawing near. ⑤Our teacher urges that we (should) study hard, as the final exam is drawing near. 5．demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要 [教材P45]　Apparently, such warnings demand our attention. 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。 (1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one's demands满足某人的需求 (2)demand to do sth.要求做某事 demand that ...(should) do sth.要求……做某事 (3)sth. demand(s) to be done＝sth. demand(s) doing 某事需要被做 (1)Science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China. 在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。 (2)The manager demanded that the workers (should) work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time. 经理要求工人加班， 以提前完成任务。 [联想] 除demand之外，后接宾语从句中用虚拟语气的其他动词还有哪些？ advise，suggest，desire，command，recommend，urge，order，require，prefer等。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers' demands(demand). ②My demand is that the information referred to in my report (should) be e­mailed(e­mail) to Mr.Brown without delay. ③He demands to know(know) the truth. 一句多译 我的汽车需要修理了， 因此我必须乘公共汽车上班。 ④My car demands/needs/requires to be repaired, so I have to go to work by bus. ⑤My car demands/needs/requires repairing, so I have to go to work by bus. 6．recognition n．识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识 [教材P47]　Facial recognition technology, with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use. 面部识别技术，凭借其分析大量数据的能力，已经得到了广泛的应用。 (1)beyond recognition认不出来 (2)recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 recognize sb./sth. by/from ...通过……辨认出…… be recognized to be/as ...被认作……/被认为是…… It is recognized that ...人们公认…… (1)After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond all recognition. 25年过去了，市中心变得认不出来了。 (2)It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。 (3)Your face was turned away, but I recognized you by your hair. 虽然你的脸转过去了，但我根据你的头发认出了你。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond all recognition(recognize). ②They just don't recognize it right now as particularly valuable. 完成句子 ③Can you recognize her from this picture? 你能从这张照片中认出她吗？ ④I recognize that I have made a mistake. 我认识到我犯了一个错误。 7．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的，非传统的 [教材P47]　It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face! 它提供了一个既快捷又很酷的传统密码替代品，你不能忘记自己的脸！ (1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事 an alternative to ... ……的替代品 (2)alternatively adv.可供选择地 (1)We have the alternative plans of having a picnic or taking a boat trip. 我们在去野餐或者去乘船旅游两个计划中只能选一。 (2)I had no alternative but to accept the offer. 我除了接受该项提议之外，别无选择。 (3)There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait. 路上被大雨堵的车太多了，我们只好等待。 [联想] “别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式： (1)have no choice but to do sth. (2)can't do anything but do sth. (3)can do nothing but do sth. [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives(alternative). ②New ways to treat headache may provide an alternative to painkillers. 一句多译 失败乃成功之母。有时候， 为了成功， 我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。 ③Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it. ④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it. ⑤Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we can do nothing but face failure bravely and learn from it. 8．break into强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等)；顺利打入 [教材P47]　Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces. 而且，已有黑客利用社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型并侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生，这让人们越来越担心自己会成为这一技术的受害者。 break into pieces弄成碎片 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 break off中断；折断 break out爆发；发生 break up驱散；分散；打碎；分手 break down (机器)损坏，出故障；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉 (1)The sunlight will break into different colors through a prism. 阳光穿过棱镜时将分解成各种颜色。 (2)As the president's car arrived, the crowd broke into loud applause. 总统的汽车到达时，群众中爆发出热烈的掌声。 (3)After months of sending out resumes you finally break into the working world. 经过几个月简历的投递，你终于闯入了工作的世界。 [即学即用]　用break的相关短语填空 ①Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to break away from China. ②The printing machines are always breaking down, which annoys him a lot. ③The room is in a mess. It must have been broken into． ④A fire broke out during the night, which caused a lot of damage. ⑤What if you break up with your partner? 9．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 [教材P44]　It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 这听起来可能像是幻想，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 at which artificial intelligence，or AI, is being developed是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语。 当先行词为物时，用“介词＋which”；如果先行词为人时，用“介词＋whom”。who和that不能用于此结构，但介词后置时who和that可以用作引导词，如果作宾语也可以省略。 “介词＋关系代词”中介词的确定方法： (1)根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。 (2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词，该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。 (3)根据句子的意思确定介词。 有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。 (1)She is the very person to whom I turned for help. ＝She is the very person whom/that/who I turned to for help. 她就是那个我求助的人。 (2)I remember the day on which I joined the army. 我记得我参军的那一天。(表示具体的“在哪一天”，用介词on) (3)The book discusses the extent to which family life has changed over the past 50 years. 本书论述了近50年来家庭生活的变化程度。(to the extent在某种程度上，为固定短语) (4)He is the man for whom I'm waiting a long time. 他是我等了很久的那个人。(wait for等待，为固定搭配) [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①The way in which one student studies might be quite different from that of another student. ②Can you see the desk on which there is a book and two pens? ③The man with whom I share the room is a young teacher from college. 完成句子 ④This is the book without which I can't pass the exam. 这是一本没有它我就不能通过考试的书。 ⑤He is a famous singer of whom we are proud. 他是一位我们引以为豪的著名歌唱家。 10．as引导状语从句 [教材P47]　Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces. 而且，已有黑客利用社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型并侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生，这让人们越来越担心自己会成为这一技术的受害者。 这是一个复杂的主从复合句。that we might fall victim to this technology是同位语从句；in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces是定语从句。 (1)as引导时间状语从句。“当……时候”。 (2)as引导方式状语从句。“按照，如同”。 (3)as引导原因状语从句。“由于，鉴于”。 (4)as引导让步状语从句。“虽然，尽管”，而且引导让步状语从句时句子要倒装。 (5)as引导比较状语从句。as ...as。前一个as是副词，后一个as是比较状语从句的连词。 (1)As I was going out, it began to rain. 当我出门时，开始下雨了。(as强调两个动作紧接着发生，不强调下雨的特定时间。) (2)As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 因为天气太糟糕，我们不得不推迟旅行。 (3)Do as the Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗。 (4)Just as virtue is its own reward, so is vice its own punishment. 善有善报，恶有恶报。 (5)Child as he is, he knows to help others. 尽管他是个孩子，他懂得帮助别人。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①As time goes on, he will understand what I said. 随着时间的推移，他会理解我所讲的话。 ②Much as I like you, I can't live with you. 我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你在一起生活。 ③It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game. 与其说是他受到了许多打击，还不如说是缺乏斗志使他输掉了比赛。 1．Given(give) their inexperience, they've done their best. 2．I strongly urge you to give(give) up smoking. 3．Apparently, she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent) 4．My father came down and demanded to know(know) what was going on. 5．He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition. (recognize) 6．Your health will break down if you work too hard. 7．We could drive all the way. Alternatively(alternative), we could fly. 1．She tells me she's planned out her whole career, but as far as I can see it's all just castles in the air． 她告诉我她已经有了整个职业规划，但是就我看来其实只是空中楼阁而已。 2．The minister reportedly stressed that economic and political reforms were two sides of the same coin． 据报道，部长强调经济改革和政治改革是一个问题的两个方面。 3．An urge to improve society led me into politics. 推动社会进步的强烈愿望使我投身于政治。 4．The headmaster demanded that you should apologize to her for your rudeness immediately. 校长要求你立刻为你的鲁莽向她道歉。 5．As the Internet is becoming more and more popular, we have fewer face­to­face talks with our friends. 随着互联网的普及， 我们和朋友面对面的交流变少了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$