精品解析：黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

2022级高三学年上学期期中考试 英 语 试 题 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do you know about the woman's watch? A. It keeps good time. B. It gains time. C . If loses time. 2. Why does the man walk to school? A. To do workouts. B. To appreciate scenery. C. To go green. 3. What will the woman most probably do next for the man? A. Change for a bigger pair. B Measure his feet. C. Present the receipt. 4. What does the man mean? A. He competed in the game. B. He watched the game. C. He disliked the game. 5. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At home. B. In a museum. C. In a hotel. 第二节 (共 15 小题, 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coworkers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors. 7. How did the woman respond to the man's invitation? A. She declined it. B. She accepted it. C. She hesitated. 听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What did the program say about the life in the future? A. There will be no shops. B. More supermarkets will come into existence. C. More free time will be available for people. 9. What is the speakers’ attitude to the program's opinion on shopping in the future? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Dismissive. 听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Why did the man call? A. To confirm a flight. B. To reserve a room. C To book a tour. 11. How did the man get informed of the travel information? A. Through the Internet. B. By a travel agent. C. From a brochure. 12. What is the woman going to do now? A . To charge the man. B. To cash the money. C. To see off the man. 听第 9 段材料, 回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What's the woman's purpose of coming to the man? A. To get her money back. B. To have the TV repaired. C. To complain about the service. 14. What's wrong with the TV? A. It takes up too much space. B. The picture isn't distinct. C. It doesn't work. 15. How does the man react to what the woman has told him? A. He finds it annoying. B He thinks it quite odd. C. He apologizes at once. 16. What will the man do right away? A. Go to the supermarket. B. Set out to check the TV. C. Show the woman out. 听第10段材料，回答17至20题。 17. What do you know about Barrymore's acting life? A. She gave up performances halfway. B. She has experienced ups and downs. C. She appeared on stage at an early age. 18. What did Barrymore's acting in Steven Spielberg's film bring her? A. Fame. B. Inspiration. C. Employment. 19. What else did Barrymore do on top of her film life? A. She volunteered in disaster-hit areas. B. She helped with world food security. C. She set up a website to raise money. 20. What do you think of all Barrymore has done? A. Life-changing. B. Praiseworthy. C. Groundbreaking. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats. Marcovaldo Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a year. Common themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty. The Art of Mondo Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle: limitless passion for their subject matters. The Coming of the Third Reich There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations. Patriarchy and Capitalism Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism. 1. Which book will you choose if you are interested in art? A. Marcovaldo. B. The Art of Mondo. C. The Coming of the Third Reich. D. Patriarchy and Capitalism. 2. Who cares about women's rights and interests? A. Millie Marotta. B. Italo Calvino. C. Richard Evans. D. Chizuko Ueno. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce art forms. B. To remember five writers. C. To recommend quality books. D. To compare different cultures. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本书的作者和主要内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三本书The Art of Mondo部分中“Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume…(多年来，Mondo因其令人难以置信的艺术海报而获得了全球的认可，这些海报将经典电影、电视节目和漫画如《侏罗纪公园》带入了生活。The Art of Mondo首次把这一备受欢迎的艺术集中在一卷)”可知，如果你对艺术感兴趣，可以选择The Art of Mondo这本书。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.(Chizuko Ueno是日本著名的社会学家、女权主义评论家和公共知识分子，是女性研究领域的先驱，著有多部著作，包括《父权制和资本主义》。)”可知，Chizuko Ueno关心女性的权利和利益。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几本书的主要内容，所以本文的目的是推荐几本有质量的书籍。故选C项。 B Today was a special day for me. I had my doctor’s appointments in a town that’s about45 minutes from where I live. After my appointment was done, I started walking down from the building through a long breezeway and I noticed an elderly woman pacing at the end. I asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed assistance. As it turned out, she was having trouble walking the distance and had looked for a staff member to pick her up. No one had come for several minutes. I asked her to sit still when I went to get a wheelchair. I ran full speed to the help desk and asked for one. The receptionist and I walked to the end of the breezeway to the lady, who said, “I want her to help me.” She was referring to me. I carefully, slowly and attentively helped the woman into the wheelchair. After she was seated, she softly looked up to me and thanked me for my help. How could I not have helped her? I just wanted her to be alright. When I returned home, I called my best friend to ask if she needed me. She wanted me to take her and her boyfriend to the Boost Mobile Store. I did and after all was taken care of, I took my friends back home. I thanked them for the opportunity to help them and that I appreciated it. Maybe it meant little to them, but a lot to me. 4. Why was the day special to the author? A. Because she met her best friend. B. Because she helped a strange old lady. C. Because she learned how to use a wheelchair. D. Because she had an appointment with her doctor. 5. Which is True according to the passage? A. The old lady had a heart attack. B. The author had met the old lady before. C. The old lady’s words inspired the author. D. The author went back with a wheelchair alone. 6. Why did the old lady want the author to help her? A. She trusted the author. B. She was not easy to get along with. C. She didn’t know anybody except the author. D. She disliked the receptionist who came with the author. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Little things mean a lot B. God help those who help themselves C. Better late than never D. Start well and end well 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在医院帮助一名老妇人的故事，以及作者从中的收获。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Today was a special day for me. I had my doctor’s appointments in a town that’s about45 minutes from where I live. After my appointment was done, I started walking down from the building through a long breezeway and I noticed an elderly woman pacing at the end. I asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed assistance.(今天对我来说是个特别的日子。我在一个离我住的地方大约45分钟路程的镇上预约了医生。我的预约结束后，我穿过一条长长的走廊从大楼走下来，我注意到一位老妇人在走廊尽头踱步。我问她是在等人还是需要帮助。)”以及下文内容可知，作者认为这一天对她说很特别是因为她帮助了一位陌生的老太太。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The receptionist and I walked to the end of the breezeway to the lady, who said, “I want her to help me.” She was referring to me. (接待员和我走到走廊尽头，找到那位女士，她说：“我想让她帮我。”她指的是我。)”和最后一段中“When I returned home, I called my best friend to ask if she needed me. She wanted me to take her and her boyfriend to the Boost Mobile Store. I did and after all was taken care of, I took my friends back home. I thanked them for the opportunity to help them and that I appreciated it.(当我回到家，我打电话给我最好的朋友，问她是否需要我。她想让我带她和她男朋友去Boost手机商店。我照做了，在一切都处理好之后，我带我的朋友们回家了。我感谢他们给了我帮助他们的机会，我很感激。)”可知，根据作者回家后的表现和感受，由此可知，老妇人的话启发了作者，让作者想要帮助别人。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The receptionist and I walked to the end of the breezeway to the lady, who said, “I want her to help me.” She was referring to me. I carefully, slowly and attentively helped the woman into the wheelchair. After she was seated, she softly looked up to me and thanked me for my help.(接待员和我走到走廊尽头，找到那位女士，她说：“我想让她帮我。”她指的是我。我小心翼翼地、慢慢地、专心地帮助这位妇女坐上轮椅。她坐下后，温柔地抬头看着我，感谢我的帮助。)”可推知，老妇人要作者帮助她是因为她信任作者。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Maybe it meant little to them, but a lot to me.(也许这对他们来说意义不大，但对我来说意义重大。)”可知，文章讲述了作者在医院帮助一名老妇人的故事，以及作者从中的收获。故文章最好的标题是“小事意义重大”。故选A项。 C In recent years, Ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Last year, the country transformed the landfill(垃圾填埋场) , the first such project on the continent. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tons of waste every day, about 80 percent of the city's rubbish However, despite these important steps, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Although the country has permitted the Basel, laws and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous(有害的)wastes are still not effective in preventing littering waste illegally. To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Chemicals and Waste Management Program is supporting the country with a three-year project to enhance its capacity for sound management of hazardous wastes. In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed, made up of many representatives from government departments and private organizations. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia's current legal system, despite numerous advances in recent years, does not specifically target the recycling of hazardous waste. Once legal gaps are identified. Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the possible effect of environmental damage and the need to report such crimes to the police.To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity﹣building activities, including creating awareness﹣raising programs Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism for chemicals and waste management by engaging government departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make budgetary provisions (预算拨款)in national, regional and institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is sustainable even after the project's completion. 8. Which can replace the underlined word "incinerates" in paragraph 1？ A. produces B. burns C. gathers D. absorbs 9. What's the main problem of Ethiopia in waste management？ A. The relevant laws are not sound. B. The shortage of workers is severe. C. The pollution level is too high. D. The funds are not sufficient. 10. What will Ethiopia do to help the natives protect the environment？ A. Restrict their environmental movement. B. Call on them to start some programs. C. Reward them with budgetary provisions. D. Raise their environmental awareness. 11 What does the text mainly talk about？ A. Ethiopia is facing serious environmental problems. B. Ethiopia has achieved success in waste management. C. Ethiopia is putting efforts into waste management. D. Ethiopia has reduced environmental pollution levels. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了埃塞俄比亚正在努力采取各种措施进行垃圾管理。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词前文“Last year, the country transformed the landfill(垃圾填埋场) , the first such project on the continent. （去年，该国对垃圾填埋场进行了改造 , 非洲大陆第一个这样的项目）”和后文的“up to 1，400 tons of waste every day, about 80 percent of the city's rubbish（每天有多达1400吨的垃圾，约占城市垃圾的80%）”并结合常识可知，垃圾填埋场处理垃圾的方式一般是焚烧，由此推知incinerates意为 “焚烧”与burns同义。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Although the country has permitted the Basel，laws and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous（有害的）wastes are still not effective in preventing littering waste illegally.（虽然该国已经批准了巴塞尔协议，但危险废物无害环境管理的法律和政策在防止非法乱扔垃圾方面仍然无效 ）”可知，埃塞俄比亚在废物管理方面存在的主要问题是相关法律不健全，故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity﹣building activities, including creating awareness﹣raising programs（为了解决这一紧迫问题，埃塞俄比亚将开展一系列能力建设活动，包括制定提高认识的方案）”可知，埃塞俄比亚将开展一系列能力建设活动帮助当地人保护环境，其中包括提高环保意识。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段的“Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism for chemicals and waste management by engaging government departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make budgetary provisions (预算拨款)in national, regional and institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is sustainable even after the project's completion.（埃塞俄比亚还将通过政府部门和民间社会团体的参与，努力建立一个国家化学品和废物管理机制。当局还将在国家、区域和机构规划中编列预算，以确保即使在项目完成后，这些活动的资金仍能持续 ）”可知，本文主要讲的是埃塞俄比亚正在努力进行废物管理。故选C。 D Bird eggs come in a variety of colors, but new research shows that diversity follows a simple pattern — the colder the climate, the darker the egg. Darker eggs take in more heat than lighter ones. This could help developing chicks stay warm while their parents look for food. That's the conclusion of the study． Biologists have long tried to understand why birds' eggs come in so many shapes and colors. There could be many reasons. The color may help make eggs less likely to be discovered by their natural enemies. The egg shape or color might also somehow protect eggs against bacteria or signal their quality. The shape or color might even help keep an egg warm. “Scientists have discovered some evidence to support all of these assumptions(假设),” says Phillip Wisocki, who worked on the research． Wisocki and his colleagues turned to collections of birds' eggs in museums. They compiled (汇编) data from 634 species. These represented all but four of the 40 living orders of birds. Then they plotted the data on a global map. The brightness and color of eggshells were closely related to a region's temperature, they showed. That was true even after considering that closely related species can have similarly colored eggs. Birds in the far north — which tends to be colder — had darker, browner eggs. Eggs became lighter and slightly bluer for birds closer to the equator. Egg colors, however, tended to be more varied in the tropics． Darker eggs may be an adaptation to the cold, the research now suggests. Like a dark car parked in the sun, a dark egg should take in more heat from the sun than a lighter egg. To test this theory, Wisocki's group exposed chicken eggs to direct sunlight and tracked how well they assimilated heat. Some were white. Others were brown or blue. Sure enough, brown eggs warmed faster and cooled more slowly than the lighter eggs． 12. According to the assumptions about birds' egg, their shapes and colors________． A. can reflect the appetites of birds. B are determined by the ages of birds. C. aren't the result of natural evolution. D can act as a measure of self-defence. 13. Where do the bird eggs Wisocki's group researched on come from? A. Museum collections． B. Color-painted bird eggs． C. Their own worldwide search． D. Birds kept in many regions． 14. The underlined word “assimilated” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________． A. blocked. B. absorbed. C. reflected. D. produced. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. How Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors? B. When Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors? C. Why Are Bird Eggs in Cold Climates Darker Colored? D. What Are the Functions of the Different Colors of Bird Eggs? 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述对鸟类的蛋有各种各样的颜色进行的研究，并得出结论气候越冷，蛋的颜色越深。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Biologists have long tried to understand why birds' eggs come in so many shapes and colors. There could be many reasons. The color may help make eggs less likely to be discovered by their natural enemies. The egg shape or color might also somehow protect eggs against bacteria or signal their quality. The shape or color might even help keep an egg warm. “Scientists have discovered some evidence to support all of these assumptions(假设),” says Phillip Wisocki, who worked on the research．(生物学家一直试图理解为什么鸟蛋有这么多形状和颜色。原因可能有很多。颜色可以帮助蛋不太可能被天敌发现。蛋的形状或颜色也可能以某种方式保护蛋不受细菌的侵害，或表明它们的质量。它的形状或颜色甚至可以帮助蛋保持温暖。“科学家们已经发现了一些证据来支持所有这些假设，”从事这项研究的菲利普·威索基(Phillip Wisocki)说。)”由此可知，鸟蛋有很多形状或颜色可能是自卫的措施，故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Wisocki and his colleagues turned to collections of birds' eggs in museums. (Wisocki和他的同事们转向博物馆收藏的鸟蛋。)”由此可知，Wisocki研究组研究的鸟蛋来自于博物馆。故选A。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线处上文“Like a dark car parked in the sun, a dark egg should take in more heat from the sun than a lighter egg. (就像停在阳光下的深色汽车一样，深色的蛋应该比浅色的蛋从太阳吸收更多的热量)”由此可推断，下文意思是为了验证这一理论，Wisocki的研究小组将蛋直接暴露在阳光下，并跟踪它们吸收热量的情况，由此猜测assimilated意为“吸收”和B选项同义，故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bird eggs come in a variety of colors, but new research shows that diversity follows a simple pattern — the colder the climate, the darker the egg. Darker eggs take in more heat than lighter ones. This could help developing chicks stay warm while their parents look for food. That's the conclusion of the study．(鸟类的蛋有各种各样的颜色，但新的研究表明，多样性遵循一个简单的模式——气候越冷，蛋的颜色越深。深色的蛋比浅色的蛋吸收更多的热量。这可以帮助发育中的雏鸟在父母寻找食物时保持温暖。这是这项研究的结论。)”可知本文主要讲述对鸟类的蛋有各种各样的颜色进行研究，并得出结论气候越冷，蛋的颜色越深，因此C选项“为什么寒冷气候下的鸟蛋颜色更深?”符合文章大意，适合做标题，故选C。 第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you want to be a leader? Will you become a great leader? Well, to answer these questions,you need to have some important qualities of a great leader. A great leader takes charge. ___16___ They motivate their people to do what they think cannot be done. They motivate their people to grow! And when it is all said and done, they have motivated their people to succeed. A great leader sets a good example to his people. ___17___ It has something to do you’re your actions and your attitude. A great leader leads through his actions and his attitude. He does not sit on the sidelines, but takes part in the game. ___18___ A great deader must be as strong as a lion, but they must also be as gentle as a lamb. A great leader always takes the emotions and opinions into consideration. A great leader does not use his position to hurt the feelings of others. Instead, he uses his position to develop others. A great leader accepts responsibilities. A great leader is finally responsible for the results of those whom they lead, whether the results are good or bad. A great leader will patiently teach, and then lead their team to success. ___19___They will take responsibility for failure. And they will lead from behind when there is victory. A great leader knows where they are going and how to get there. ___20___What' s more, in the process of getting there, they may have to suffer short-term pain so that others can receive long- term gain. Sometimes, pain is necessary for gain. At times pressure is needed before you get the promise. Anyway, you can decide to become a great leader. Many people are depending on you, and don't let them down. A. A great leader leads with compassion. B. They need to keep calm, especially in an emergency. C. A great leader will lead in the front when there is danger. D. Leadership is not about your position or the words you say. E. They encourage their people to do what they do not want to do. F. Without correct leadership，people' s enthusiasm cannot be sustained. G. A great leader paints an attractive vision that people want to follow through. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些优秀领导者需要具备的重要品质。 【16题详解】 根据后文They motivate their people to do what they think cannot be done.可知他们激励员工去做他们认为无法完成事情。由此可知，此处也是在说明好的领导鼓励员工去做他们不想做的事情。后文中motivate与E选项中encourage为同义词，表示“鼓励，激励”。故E选项“他们鼓励员工去做他们不想做的事情”符合上下文语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据后文It has something to do you’re your actions and your attitude. A great leader leads through his actions and his attitude. He does not sit on the sidelines, but takes part in the game.可知它与你的行为和态度有关。一个伟大的领导者通过他的行动和态度来领导。他不是坐在场边，而是参与比赛。由此可知，领导力不是关于职位高低或你说的话如何，而是由行动和态度决定的。故D选项“领导力不是关于你的职位或你说的话”符合上下文语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据后文A great leader always takes the emotions and opinions into consideration.可知一个伟大的领袖总是把情感和意见考虑在内。由此可知，一个好领导是对他人具有同情心的。故A选项“一个好的领导者具有同情心”符合上下文语境，为本段标题。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据后文They will take responsibility for failure.可知他们将为失败负责。由此可知，好的领导会对失败负责，承担责任，身先士卒。故C选项“一个好的领导会在危险的时候身先士卒”符合上下文语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文A great leader knows where they are going and how to get there.可知一个伟大的领导者知道他们要去哪里，如何到达那里。由此可知，好的领导知道自己的方向在哪里，从而才能描绘出一个吸引人的愿景，让人们想要坚持到底。故G选项“一个伟大的领导者会描绘出一个吸引人的愿景，让人们愿意坚持到底”符合上下文语境，故选G。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。如第一小题，根据后文They motivate their people to do what they think cannot be done.可知他们激励员工去做他们认为无法完成的事情。由此可知，此处也是在说明好的领导鼓励员工去做他们不想做的事情。后文中motivate与E选项中encourage为同义词，表示“鼓励，激励”。故E选项“他们鼓励员工去做他们不想做的事情”符合上下文语境，故选E。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However，playing sports can have____21____effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports，40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been____22____at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad____23____of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main____24____of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children____25____aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback (反馈). Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that____26____is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout____27____at other players or cheer when their child behaves____28____. As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is ____29____or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.______30______, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. We really need to______31______this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches______32______should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better______33______. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to______34______themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that______35______is not as important as winning. 21. A. restrictive(限制的) B. negative C. active D. instructive 22. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted 23. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation 24. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence 25. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect 26. A. winning B. practising C. fun D. sport 27. A. praises B. orders C. remarks (言论、评论) D. insults(侮辱) 28. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely 29. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible 30. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all 31. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with 32. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance 33. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions 34. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy 35. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是议论文。文章论述了孩子在运动比赛中表现出的攻击性的行为的原因和解决方法。 【21题详解】 本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：然而，运动对孩子们有负面影响。A. restrictive限制的；B. negative负面的，消极的；C. active积极的；D. instructive有益的，有启发性的。下文“It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children.（运动可以使一些儿童产生自尊心不强的感觉或导致某些儿童的攻击性行为）”是说明运动对孩子的负面影响。故选B项。 【22题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在这些孩子中，有18,000,000 人说他们在进行体育运动时被大声喊叫或被辱骂。此处是“动词+ at”短语辨析； A. knocked at 敲门；B. glanced at匆匆看一眼；C. smiled at 对……微笑；D. shouted at 对……大声喊叫。根据“called names（骂人）”，此处“shout at”和“call names”语意相关。故选D项。 【23题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这给许多孩子留下了对运动的不好的印象。A. impression印象；B. concept概念； C. taste品味，味道；D. expectation期待。根据句意，此处是短语leave sb. with a …impression “给某人留下……印象”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：许多研究人员认为，成年人，尤其是父母和教练，是孩子们在运动中表现出过多攻击性的主要原因。A. resource资源；B. cause原因；C. course过程；D. consequence结果。 根据下文 “aggressive adult behavior”，成人的攻击性的行为导致孩子的攻击性行为，因此成人是孩子在运动中攻击性行为的原因。故选B项。 【25题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们认为儿童会模仿成人的攻击性行为。A. question怀疑，审问；B. understand理解；C. copy模仿；D. neglect忽视。根据下文“Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them.（父母和教练是有影响力的老师，因为孩子们通常尊敬他们）”可知，孩子常常模仿父母和教练的一些攻击性的行为。故选C项。 【26题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这些成年人自身往往表现得咄咄逼人，向孩子们传递“赢就是一切”的信息。A. winning获胜，赢；B. practicing 练习；C. fun乐趣；D. sport运动。根据最后一段中“when children win”“whether they win or not.”“…not as important as winning”，作者认为很多父母和老师教育孩子“赢就是一切”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：许多父母去看孩子的体育比赛，对其他队员大声辱骂，或者当孩子表现出攻击性时，他们欢呼。A. praises赞扬；B. orders订单；C. remarks 言论、评论；D. insults侮辱。根据上文“they have been 2 at or called names ...”可知，有些父母对其他的队员大声辱骂。故选D项。 【28题详解】 本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意同上。 A. proudly骄傲地；B. ambitiously雄心壮志地；C. aggressively侵略性地，攻击性地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据下文“They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively.”可知，当孩子表现出攻击性的行为时，父母为他们喝彩加油。故选C项。 【29题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：同样，孩子们甚至被教导说，伤害其他队员是可以接受的，或者即使他们受伤了，他们也会被要求继续比赛。A. acceptable可接受的；B. impolite不礼貌的；C. possible可能的；D. accessible易接近的，可进入的。根据下文“…see violent behavior replayed over and over on television”，孩子们在电视上看到比赛中的暴力行为，会认为伤害对手也是可以接受的。故选A项。 【30题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：此外，媒体使暴力看起来令人兴奋。A. By contrast相比之下；B. In addition此外； C. As a result结果；D. After all毕竟。上文提到父母和教练在孩子攻击性行为中的作用；下文提到媒体在孩子的攻击性行为中的作用。前后两个句子是并列关系，因此用in addition表示并列的补充说明。故选B项。 【31题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们真的需要面对这个问题，并为此做点什么。A. look up to尊敬；B. face up to面对，正视；C. make up for弥补；D. come up with想出。根据“do something about it”，上文提到孩子在运动中表现出来的攻击性行为的问题，作者认为应该正视这个问题，并采取措施。故选B项。 【32题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：父母和教练尤其应该为孩子们做更好的榜样。A. in particular尤其，特别； B. in all总共；C. in return作为回报；D. in advance提前。根据上文“Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches…”，作者认为孩子攻击性行为问题的原因尤其在于尤父母和教练，因此提出尤其是父母和教练应该怎样做才能有帮助；in particular与especially语义相同。故选A项。 【33题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们还需要教导孩子们更好的价值观。A. techniques技术；B. means方法，手段；C. values价值观；D. directions方向。根据下文“__14___ themselves whether they win or not”“… 15 is not as important as winning”，父母和教练应该教导孩子正确的价值观，应该享受比赛，认为健康比输赢更重要。故选C项。 【34题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们应该教育孩子们不管输赢都要享受比赛。A. respect尊重；B. relax放松； C. forgive原谅；D. enjoy享受。此处是短语enjoy oneself “玩得愉快”。作者认为应该教导孩子享受比赛过程才是重要的。故选D项。 【35题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：如果成人在孩子受伤时还让他们比赛，这就传达了一个信息：健康没有赢得比赛重要。A. body身体；B. fame名誉；C. health健康；D. spirit 精神。根据上文“when they are injured”，如果孩子身体受伤还要为了赢继续比赛，就会让孩子认为输赢比健康更重要。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题, 每小题1.5分; 满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ____36____ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy ____37____ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ____38____ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___39___ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter ___40___ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___41___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ____42____ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ____43____. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ____44____ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ____45____ (inform). 【答案】36. it 37. to please 38. a 39. pushed 40. where 41. choice 42. on 43. him 44. at 45. was informed 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Jane在圣诞节前为父亲选礼物的故事。 【36题详解】 考查it的用法。句意：她记得给父亲挑选一份合适的圣诞礼物是多么困难。it在宾语从句中用作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。故填it。 【37题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：她希望他像她母亲那样容易取悦。sb is easy to do sth是英语中的固定句型。故填to please。 【38题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：此外，在一年的这个时候购物并不是一种愉快的经历experience表示“经历”为可数名词，这里指一次愉快的经历。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查一般过去时态。句意：人们踩着你的脚，或者用胳膊肘推你，急匆匆地赶着去买便宜货。因与stepped并列，故要用一般过去时。故填pushed。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：简在陈列着一些漂亮领带的柜台前停了下来。where在此引导定语从句，表示地点。故填where。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：可是Jane从过去的经验中知道，她选择的领带从来没有使她父亲高兴过。由于是用在形容词性物主代词后，所以只能用其名词形式。故填choice。 【42题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：她在减价时发现一些质量很好的管子。on sale是固定搭配，意为“出售”。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查人称代词宾格。句意：虽然她父亲偶尔抽烟斗，但她知道这是一件一定会使他高兴的礼物。由于给父亲买礼物，所以应该是使父亲高兴。please him的意思是“使他高兴”。故填him。 【44题详解】 考查习惯搭配。句意：简回到家，包里装着一件小巧精致的礼物，她的父母已经在餐桌上吃晚饭了。at table表示“在餐桌边”“在进餐”，是习惯搭配。故填at。 【45题详解】 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：“你父亲终于决定戒烟了，”简被告知。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时，又因Jane与inform之间为被动关系，故填was informed。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第5小题中先行词为名词counter，再分析先行词counter在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词counter带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你校英文报最近举行了主题为“周六关闭智能手机”的活动，现征集活动体验。请你为该报投稿，内容包括： 1. 关闭手机后，你周六安排了哪些活动； 2. 活动体验与感受； 注意: 1. 词数80 左右； 2. 开头已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Students, I am pleased to have taken part in the activity “Smartphone-free Saturday”. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Warm regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Students, I am pleased to have taken part in the activity “Smartphone-free Saturday”. After switching off my phone, I spent a meaningful Saturday. I started the day with a morning jog, followed by a visit to the local museum to explore its historical exhibits. In the afternoon, I caught up with friends for a game of basketball. Afterwards, I dedicated some time to reading a novel and ended my day with a family movie night. I noticed that I was more present and enjoyed the activities more fully without the constant interruptions from my phone. Warm regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校英文报最近举行了主题为“周六关闭智能手机”的活动，现征集活动体验这一情况，为该报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：pleased→ glad 注意到，意识到：noticed → was aware 有意义的：meaningful→ significant 不断的：constant→ continuous 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am pleased to have taken part in the activity “Smartphone-free Saturday”. 拓展句：I am pleased to have taken part in the activity, whose theme is “Smartphone-free Saturday”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I started the day with a morning jog, followed by a visit to the local museum to explore its historical exhibits.（运用了非谓语动词中的过去分词作状语。） 【高分句型2】I noticed that I was more present and enjoyed the activities more fully without the constant interruptions from my phone.（运用了that引导的宾语从句。） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to be a bookish student and teachers loved me a lot, because I always made them proud, getting full marks in tests. When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a straight-A student in the high school, I believed I could take tough subjects and really learn something in the university. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Prondzinski, who was strict with his students as well as in his work. On the first day, Professor Prondzinski stood at the front of the classroom and introduced himself as the class sat silently. He then talked about the parts of the class that we would struggle with. That was definitely not how any other teacher started their introduction. With that being said, many students dropped the class because it seemed too difficult. That was exactly what Professor Prondzinski wanted, the best students in his class. I had never seen a teacher want his students to succeed in the way that he did. Professor Prondzinski had the ability to engage every single student and push them to their full potential. He always said in class, “you alone must set your own standard of excellence.” I didn’t know what that meant because school had always been easy for me. Then came the first test. I decided I’d have fun with it. The night before the test, I even treated myself to a movie. However, the next day, I was totally shocked when I found a 77, C-plus, on my test paper! English was my best subject and I had never failed in it. I went to Professor Prondzinski, who listened to my arguments but remained unmoved. There was one more test before I finally got my course grade. Because of this C- plus. I might as well kiss the scholarship goodbye. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I realized it was the last chance to improve my course grade. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, I was surprised to find I got an A and I hurried into Professor Prondzinski’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I realized it was the last chance to improve my course grade. Determination filled my heart as I committed to understanding the material thoroughly. I started to approach study sessions with a sense of curiosity, diving deep into the themes of World Literature. Instead of merely memorizing information, I engaged with the texts and participated actively in class discussions. This time, I treated every lecture as an opportunity to learn, taking detailed notes and asking questions when needed. Consequently, my confidence grew, and I felt better equipped for the upcoming test. The final exam loomed, and unlike before, I spent the night revising diligently and ensuring a good rest. The next day, I was surprised to find I got an A and I hurried into Professor Prondzinski’s office. A wave of relief and joy swept over me as Professor Prondzinski grinned knowingly. “I see you’ve set a new standard for yourself,” he commented, his eyes twinkling with approval. His teaching had taught me to appreciate the value of genuine learning and self-set excellence. My hard work paid off not only with a good grade but a renewed perspective on education. That lesson stayed with me beyond the classroom. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者曾是名好学生，深得老师喜爱。进入伯克利后，作者希望获得奖学金。在普伦兹尼斯基教授的世界文学课上，作者首次遭遇挑战，首次测试仅得C+，奖学金梦碎。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“我意识到这是我提高课程成绩的最后机会了。”可知，第一段可以描写作者为提高成绩而努力学习的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“第二天，我惊讶地发现我得了A，于是我匆匆走进普罗金斯基教授的办公室。”可知，第二段可以描写作者与普罗金斯基教授的会面和作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：最后机会—努力学习—得了A—教授的话—感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①作出决定做某事：commit to do sth./ make a decision to do sth. ②记住： memorize/ remember ③参与：participate in/ take part in 情绪类 ①决心：determination/ resolution ②好奇地：with a sense of curiosity/ curiously 【点睛】【高分句型1】I started to approach study sessions with a sense of curiosity, diving deep into the themes of World Literature. ( 运用了不定式to approach作宾语、现在分词diving作状语) 【高分句型2】Instead of merely memorizing information, I engaged with the texts and participated actively in class discussions. ( 运用了动名词memorizing作宾语) 1—5CAABC 6—10BACAC 11—15CABCB 16—20BCABB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022级高三学年上学期期中考试 英 语 试 题 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do you know about the woman's watch? A. It keeps good time. B. It gains time. C . If loses time. 2. Why does the man walk to school? A. To do workouts. B. To appreciate scenery. C. To go green. 3. What will the woman most probably do next for the man? A. Change for a bigger pair. B Measure his feet. C. Present the receipt. 4. What does the man mean? A. He competed in the game. B. He watched the game. C. He disliked the game. 5. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At home. B. In a museum. C. In a hotel. 第二节 (共 15 小题, 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coworkers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors. 7. How did the woman respond to the man's invitation? A. She declined it. B. She accepted it. C. She hesitated. 听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What did the program say about the life in the future? A. There will be no shops. B. More supermarkets will come into existence. C. More free time will be available for people. 9. What is the speakers’ attitude to the program's opinion on shopping in the future? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Dismissive. 听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Why did the man call? A. To confirm a flight. B. To reserve a room. C To book a tour. 11. How did the man get informed of the travel information? A. Through the Internet. B. By a travel agent. C. From a brochure. 12. What is the woman going to do now? A . To charge the man. B. To cash the money. C. To see off the man. 听第 9 段材料, 回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What's the woman's purpose of coming to the man? A To get her money back. B. To have the TV repaired. C. To complain about the service. 14. What's wrong with the TV? A. It takes up too much space. B. The picture isn't distinct. C. It doesn't work. 15. How does the man react to what the woman has told him? A. He finds it annoying. B He thinks it quite odd. C. He apologizes at once. 16. What will the man do right away? A. Go to the supermarket. B. Set out to check the TV. C. Show the woman out. 听第10段材料，回答17至20题。 17. What do you know about Barrymore's acting life? A. She gave up performances halfway. B. She has experienced ups and downs. C. She appeared on stage at an early age. 18. What did Barrymore's acting in Steven Spielberg's film bring her? A. Fame. B. Inspiration. C. Employment. 19. What else did Barrymore do on top of her film life? A. She volunteered in disaster-hit areas. B. She helped with world food security. C. She set up a website to raise money. 20. What do you think of all Barrymore has done? A. Life-changing. B. Praiseworthy. C. Groundbreaking. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats. Marcovaldo Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a year. Common themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty. The Art of Mondo Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle: limitless passion for their subject matters. The Coming of the Third Reich There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations. Patriarchy and Capitalism Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism. 1. Which book will you choose if you are interested in art? A. Marcovaldo. B. The Art of Mondo. C. The Coming of the Third Reich. D. Patriarchy and Capitalism. 2. Who cares about women's rights and interests? A. Millie Marotta. B. Italo Calvino. C. Richard Evans. D. Chizuko Ueno. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce art forms. B. To remember five writers. C. To recommend quality books. D. To compare different cultures. B Today was a special day for me. I had my doctor’s appointments in a town that’s about45 minutes from where I live. After my appointment was done, I started walking down from the building through a long breezeway and I noticed an elderly woman pacing at the end. I asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed assistance. As it turned out, she was having trouble walking the distance and had looked for a staff member to pick her up. No one had come for several minutes. I asked her to sit still when I went to get a wheelchair. I ran full speed to the help desk and asked for one. The receptionist and I walked to the end of the breezeway to the lady, who said, “I want her to help me.” She was referring to me. I carefully, slowly and attentively helped the woman into the wheelchair. After she was seated, she softly looked up to me and thanked me for my help. How could I not have helped her? I just wanted her to be alright. When I returned home, I called my best friend to ask if she needed me. She wanted me to take her and her boyfriend to the Boost Mobile Store. I did and after all was taken care of, I took my friends back home. I thanked them for the opportunity to help them and that I appreciated it. Maybe it meant little to them, but a lot to me. 4. Why was the day special to the author? A. Because she met her best friend. B. Because she helped a strange old lady. C. Because she learned how to use a wheelchair. D. Because she had an appointment with her doctor. 5. Which is True according to the passage? A. The old lady had a heart attack. B. The author had met the old lady before. C. The old lady’s words inspired the author. D. The author went back with a wheelchair alone. 6 Why did the old lady want the author to help her? A. She trusted the author. B. She was not easy to get along with. C. She didn’t know anybody except the author. D. She disliked the receptionist who came with the author. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Little things mean a lot B. God help those who help themselves C. Better late than never D. Start well and end well C In recent years, Ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Last year, the country transformed the landfill(垃圾填埋场) , the first such project on the continent. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tons of waste every day, about 80 percent of the city's rubbish However, despite these important steps, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Although the country has permitted the Basel, laws and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous(有害的)wastes are still not effective in preventing littering waste illegally. To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Chemicals and Waste Management Program is supporting the country with a three-year project to enhance its capacity for sound management of hazardous wastes. In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed, made up of many representatives from government departments and private organizations. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia's current legal system, despite numerous advances in recent years, does not specifically target the recycling of hazardous waste. Once legal gaps are identified. Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the possible effect of environmental damage and the need to report such crimes to the police.To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity﹣building activities, including creating awareness﹣raising programs Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism for chemicals and waste management by engaging government departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make budgetary provisions (预算拨款)in national, regional and institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is sustainable even after the project's completion. 8. Which can replace the underlined word "incinerates" in paragraph 1？ A. produces B. burns C. gathers D. absorbs 9. What's the main problem of Ethiopia in waste management？ A. The relevant laws are not sound. B The shortage of workers is severe. C. The pollution level is too high. D. The funds are not sufficient. 10. What will Ethiopia do to help the natives protect the environment？ A. Restrict their environmental movement. B. Call on them to start some programs. C. Reward them with budgetary provisions. D. Raise their environmental awareness. 11. What does the text mainly talk about？ A. Ethiopia is facing serious environmental problems. B. Ethiopia has achieved success in waste management. C. Ethiopia is putting efforts into waste management. D. Ethiopia has reduced environmental pollution levels. D Bird eggs come in a variety of colors, but new research shows that diversity follows a simple pattern — the colder the climate, the darker the egg. Darker eggs take in more heat than lighter ones. This could help developing chicks stay warm while their parents look for food. That's the conclusion of the study． Biologists have long tried to understand why birds' eggs come in so many shapes and colors. There could be many reasons. The color may help make eggs less likely to be discovered by their natural enemies. The egg shape or color might also somehow protect eggs against bacteria or signal their quality. The shape or color might even help keep an egg warm. “Scientists have discovered some evidence to support all of these assumptions(假设),” says Phillip Wisocki, who worked on the research． Wisocki and his colleagues turned to collections of birds' eggs in museums. They compiled (汇编) data from 634 species. These represented all but four of the 40 living orders of birds. Then they plotted the data on a global map. The brightness and color of eggshells were closely related to a region's temperature, they showed. That was true even after considering that closely related species can have similarly colored eggs. Birds in the far north — which tends to be colder — had darker, browner eggs. Eggs became lighter and slightly bluer for birds closer to the equator. Egg colors, however, tended to be more varied in the tropics． Darker eggs may be an adaptation to the cold, the research now suggests. Like a dark car parked in the sun, a dark egg should take in more heat from the sun than a lighter egg. To test this theory, Wisocki's group exposed chicken eggs to direct sunlight and tracked how well they assimilated heat. Some were white. Others were brown or blue. Sure enough, brown eggs warmed faster and cooled more slowly than the lighter eggs． 12. According to the assumptions about birds' egg, their shapes and colors________． A. can reflect the appetites of birds. B. are determined by the ages of birds. C. aren't the result of natural evolution. D. can act as a measure of self-defence. 13. Where do the bird eggs Wisocki's group researched on come from? A. Museum collections． B. Color-painted bird eggs． C. Their own worldwide search． D. Birds kept in many regions． 14. The underlined word “assimilated” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________． A. blocked. B. absorbed. C. reflected. D. produced. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. How Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors? B. When Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors? C. Why Are Bird Eggs in Cold Climates Darker Colored? D. What Are the Functions of the Different Colors of Bird Eggs? 第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you want to be a leader? Will you become a great leader? Well, to answer these questions,you need to have some important qualities of a great leader. A great leader takes charge. ___16___ They motivate their people to do what they think cannot be done. They motivate their people to grow! And when it is all said and done, they have motivated their people to succeed. A great leader sets a good example to his people. ___17___ It has something to do you’re your actions and your attitude. A great leader leads through his actions and his attitude. He does not sit on the sidelines, but takes part in the game. ___18___ A great deader must be as strong as a lion, but they must also be as gentle as a lamb. A great leader always takes the emotions and opinions into consideration. A great leader does not use his position to hurt the feelings of others. Instead, he uses his position to develop others. A great leader accepts responsibilities. A great leader is finally responsible for the results of those whom they lead, whether the results are good or bad. A great leader will patiently teach, and then lead their team to success. ___19___They will take responsibility for failure. And they will lead from behind when there is victory. A great leader knows where they are going and how to get there. ___20___What' s more, in the process of getting there, they may have to suffer short-term pain so that others can receive long- term gain. Sometimes, pain is necessary for gain. At times pressure is needed before you get the promise. Anyway, you can decide to become a great leader. Many people are depending on you, and don't let them down. A. A great leader leads with compassion. B. They need to keep calm, especially in an emergency. C. A great leader will lead in the front when there is danger. D. Leadership is not about your position or the words you say. E. They encourage their people to do what they do not want to do. F Without correct leadership，people' s enthusiasm cannot be sustained. G. A great leader paints an attractive vision that people want to follow through. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However，playing sports can have____21____effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports，40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been____22____at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad____23____of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main____24____of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children____25____aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback (反馈). Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that____26____is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout____27____at other players or cheer when their child behaves____28____. As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is ____29____or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.______30______, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. We really need to______31______this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches______32______should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better______33______. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to______34______themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that______35______is not as important as winning. 21. A. restrictive(限制的) B. negative C. active D. instructive 22. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted 23. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation 24. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence 25. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect 26. A. winning B. practising C. fun D. sport 27 A. praises B. orders C. remarks (言论、评论) D. insults(侮辱) 28. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely 29. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible 30. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all 31. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with 32. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance 33. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions 34. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy 35. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit 第二节 (共10小题, 每小题1.5分; 满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ____36____ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy ____37____ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ____38____ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___39___ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter ___40___ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___41___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ____42____ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ____43____. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ____44____ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ____45____ (inform). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你校英文报最近举行了主题为“周六关闭智能手机”的活动，现征集活动体验。请你为该报投稿，内容包括： 1. 关闭手机后，你周六安排了哪些活动； 2. 活动体验与感受； 注意: 1. 词数80 左右； 2. 开头已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Students, I am pleased to have taken part in the activity “Smartphone-free Saturday”. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Warm regards, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I used to be a bookish student and teachers loved me a lot, because I always made them proud, getting full marks in tests. When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a straight-A student in the high school, I believed I could take tough subjects and really learn something in the university. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Prondzinski, who was strict with his students as well as in his work. On the first day, Professor Prondzinski stood at the front of the classroom and introduced himself as the class sat silently. He then talked about the parts of the class that we would struggle with. That was definitely not how any other teacher started their introduction. With that being said, many students dropped the class because it seemed too difficult. That was exactly what Professor Prondzinski wanted, the best students in his class. I had never seen a teacher want his students to succeed in the way that he did. Professor Prondzinski had the ability to engage every single student and push them to their full potential. He always said in class, “you alone must set your own standard of excellence.” I didn’t know what that meant because school had always been easy for me. Then came the first test. I decided I’d have fun with it. The night before the test, I even treated myself to a movie. However, the next day, I was totally shocked when I found a 77, C-plus, on my test paper! English was my best subject and I had never failed in it. I went to Professor Prondzinski, who listened to my arguments but remained unmoved. There was one more test before I finally got my course grade. Because of this C- plus. I might as well kiss the scholarship goodbye. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I realized it was the last chance to improve my course grade. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, I was surprised to find I got an A and I hurried into Professor Prondzinski’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5CAABC 6—10BACAC 11—15CABCB 16—20BCABB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$