Unit2Looking into the future-2025届高考英语重点知识背诵及真题专项练习（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 阅读单词一遍过 1.a wide range of household appliances各种各样的家用电器 2.a good air conditioner一台好的空调设备 3.temperature sensor温度传感器 4．a mode of communication交流方式 5.find abnormal signs of heart pumping发现心脏跳动异常的迹象 6.die of lung cancer 死于肺癌 7.electrical equipment 电气设备 8.check the wiring 检查线路 9.live in a fantasy world 生活在幻想世界里 10.an age of technological innovation技术革新的时代 11.an increase in violent crime 暴力犯罪活动的增加 12.artificial intelligence (AI)人工智能 13.cease strike action immediately 立即停止罢工 14.a deceased famous actor 已故的著名演员 15.lead a life of luxury过奢侈的生活 16.an exciting prospect 令人兴奋的前景 17.a signpost in life 人生中 18.take the book to 的一个路标 the librarian 把书拿给图书管理员 核心单词三遍熟 1.phrase n. 短语；词组 2.switch ut. 转换；交换 vi.8.vt. （使）改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3.remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 4.routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 5.instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 6.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 7.innovation n. 创新；创造 8.available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 9.nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 10.forecast vt.8.n. 预测；预报 11.hence adv. 因此；由此 12.career n. 职业；事业 13.rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 14.prospect n. 可能性；前景 15.paragraph n. 段；段落 拓展单词寻规记 1．distant adj．遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n.距离 2．secure adj．安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n.安全；保护措施 3．automatic adj．自动的→automatically adv．自动地 4．integrate vi． ＆． vl．（使）合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的 5．efficient adj．效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiencyn.效率；效能 6．preference n．爱好；偏爱→prefer vt．更喜欢；宁愿 7．obey vi．＆ vt．服从；遵守→disobey vi．8．vl．不服从 8．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→warn vt．警告 9．electrical adj．电的；用电的→electric adj．电的；电动的；用电的→electricity n.电；电学；电 流 10．detect vt．发现；查明→detective n．侦探 11．combine x．8．vi．（使）结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合 12．predict vt．预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言 13．occupation n．职业；占领→occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙于（做某事）→occupied adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于 14．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj．缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 15．emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性→emphasize v．强调 16．resist vi．8．vt．抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n．抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj.反抗的；抵制的 17．accurate adj．精确的；准确的→accurately adv．精确地；准确地→accuracy n.精确性 新高考词汇·规则速记 规则 例词 形容词后缀­ive表示“有……性质的，有……倾向的” ①persuade说服→persuasive有说服力的　　②attract吸引→attractive吸引人的 ③create创造→creative有创造力的 ④effect效果；作用→effective有效的 ⑤defend防御→defensive防御性的 ⑥instruct教育→instructive有教育意义 ⑦support支持→supportive支持的 ⑧protect保护→protective保护的 ⑨talk谈话→talkative健谈的 ⑩product生产→productive多产的，富有成效的 背热考单词 1．persuade vt.劝说；说服 背重点 背写作佳句 1)　说服某人做某事 2) 说服某人不做某事 3)persuade sb. 使某人相信…… ①My colleague tried to persuade me of his honesty.　 ＝My colleague tried to persuade me that he was honest. 我的同事努力地使我相信他的诚实。 ②I thought it impossible to persuade him to accept/into accepting my views, so I didn't want to waste time discussing it.我觉得不可能说服他接受我的观点，因此我不想浪费时间讨论。 2.command n．指令；命令；控制　vt.命令；控制 背重点 背写作佳句 1)command sb. to do sth. 　　　　　命令某人做某事 command that ...(should) do sth. 命令……做某事 2)under the command of sb. 由某人指挥 take command of 控制；指挥 have a good command of 掌握；精通 ①Having a good command of spoken English will surely enable me to communicate with visitors with ease. 精通英语口语，使我能与游客轻松交流。(申请信) ②The fire officer took command, commanding everyone to leave the burning building.(读后续写场景描写) 消防专员开始指挥，命令大家离开这幢着火的建筑。 3.combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合 背重点 背写作佳句 1)combine ... with/and ... 　把……与……结合起来 be combined with 与……结合 2)in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合 3)combined effort 共同的努力 You'd better combine exercise with a healthy diet. Only when exercise is combined with a healthy diet can you keep really fit. 你最好把运动和健康饮食结合起来。只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，你才能保持真正的健康。(建议信) 4.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 背重点 背写作佳句 1)oppose (doing) sth.　　　　　反对(做)某事 oppose sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事 2)be opposed to (one's) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 object to (one's) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 With the nation opposing wasting food, an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food. 由于全国反对浪费食物，一项活动已经发起，呼吁我们学生节约食物。(活动介绍) 5.absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 背重点 背写作佳句 1)absence of mind/evidence/rain 　　　　　　　　心不在焉/缺乏证据/缺雨 in/during one's absence 某人不在时 2)be absent from ... 不参加……；缺席…… absent­minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 During/In your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. 在你不在的时候，我们班参加了一场英语口语比赛，我们获得了第一名。 6.resist vi.& vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 背重点 背写作佳句 1)resist doing sth. 　反对做某事 can't/couldn't resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事 2)be resistant to 对……有抵抗力；抵制…… A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist infection. 健康的饮食结合经常锻炼有助于身体抵抗感染。 (建议信) 7.advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者 背重点 背写作佳句 1)advocate doing sth.　　　提倡做某事 advocate that...(should) do sth. 提倡……(应该)做某事 2)an advocate of... ……的提倡者 With World Environment Day approaching，I advocate that we (should) spare no effort to protect the environment. 随着世界环境日的临近，我倡议我们应该不遗余力来保护环境。 二、背词块——丰富表达 第一组　核心短语 1．switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) 2．daily routine 日常生活 3 early on 在初期；早先 4．catch fire 着火 5．in this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 6．keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 7．prevent...from... 阻止……做…… 8．keep track of 跟踪 第二组　课文词块 1．smart homes 智能家居 2．keep us secure 使我们安全 3．provide a more comfortable environment to live in 提供更舒适的居住环境 4．advanced technology 先进技术 5．automatic control 自动控制 6．monitor your health 监测你的健康 7．send a warning to your phone 给你的手机发送一个警告 8．driverless cars 无人驾驶汽车 9．just about 几乎，差不多 10．on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面…… 三、背好句好段——增分写作 1．句型公式：the moment/minute/instant ...“一……就” 教材原句：Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。 经典佳句：The instant/Instantly David crossed the finish line, thunderous applause and cheers rose from the audience. 大卫冲过终点线的那一刻，观众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写场景描写] 2.句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句 教材原句：Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而，还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 经典佳句：It wasn't long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest，and she had knots in her stomach. 没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，她的心揪成一团。 (读后续写之紧张心理描写) 3.句型公式：the way作先行词的定语从句 教材原句：Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. 当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。 经典佳句：There is no doubt that the Internet has changed the way that millions of people communicate with the outside world. 毫无疑问，互联网已经改变了数百万人与外界沟通的方式。 基础练习 Ⅰ词形转换 1.（2023·全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast （反差） that shouldn’t work，but somehow these two very different worlds make a good ______________ （combine）. 2.（2023·1月浙江卷）With gas prices rising and airport _____________ （secure） lines snaking longer than ever， why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？ 3.Upon reaching his hometown in the __________ （distant），the politician expressed a 　_____________ （prefer） for the unique scenery. 4.We followed Mr Read’s speech attentively，nodding and applauding ____________ （constant）. 5.The ability to __________ （accurate） understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor __________ （find） how to help his patients. 6.I’m writing to make an apology for any inconvenience caused by my ___________ （absent） and wish you all the best. Ⅱ.动词的形式变化和固定用法 1.Exhausted and hungry ___________ we were，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. 2.____________ （oppose）to developing the nature reserve，the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages. 3.（2022·全国甲卷）I was unwilling to talk with him and often __________（obey） his rule of not staying out with my friends too late. 4.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection，______________ （advocate） green lifestyles and consumer culture. 5.On the whole，he has the potential ______________ （become） a world-class musician. Ⅲ.熟词新义 1.（2023·全国甲卷）Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.　_____________ 2.She secured a job with the help of her father.　______________ 3.You can book the grand hotel commanding the whole wonderful view of the city.　__________ Ⅳ.应用文写作——演讲稿——谈智能家居 练单句: 1.据预测，随着科技的发展，智能家居将逐渐走进人们的生活。 智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们提供便利，帮我们创造环境友好型并节能的居住环境。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（It is predicted that ...； keep us secure； 定语从句） 2.电视和电灯等电器可以自动开关。 __________________________________________________________________（switch on/off） 3.智能家居将持续跟踪我们的健康状况，并在出现问题时向我们的手机发出警告。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（keep constant track of； send a warning） 4.用不了多久，这些创新将为我们提供更高质量的生活。 _____________________________________________________________________________（It won’t be long before ...） 组语篇: 　　Good morning，my dear classmates，my topic today is about smart homes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ.读后续写——她坐在窗边，看到远处一座金色的房子，好奇心占了上风，她飞速朝房子跑去…… 按要求完成下列句子： 1.她坐在窗边往外看，却发现一座金色的房子在初升的太阳下闪闪发光。 She sat near the window and looked out， ____________________________________________.（非谓语动词作状语） 2.她之前从未见过这么令人惊叹的金色房子。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 3.最后，好奇心占了上风，她站起来奔出房间。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 4.她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野，一直跑到那座房子金色的门前。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________（分词作状语；状语从句） 5.她在门前驻足，好奇地盯着这座房子。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.她的好奇心越来越重，脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。 _______________________________________________________________________________（以事物为主语） 将以上各句合并成小短文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇： 　　___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 能力提高 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·河北省衡水中学高三上学期四调]Is future you ... you？ It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret. The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI(核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves look most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that， in the mind's eye，our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person，why should you save money，eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger？ However， if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self， you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLOS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well­being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff，which included 5，000 adults aged 20 to 75，he found that those who perceived a great overlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey. So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates？The psychological mindset with what we call “vividness interventions” works. We have found，for instance， that showing people images of their older， grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides， you might try writing a letter to—and then from—your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity，when high­school students engaged in this type of “send­and­reply” exercise，they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves. Letter­writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond，but the larger lesson here is clear：If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love，care about and want to support，we can start making choices for them that improve our lives—both today and tomorrow. 1．What's the function of Paragraph 2？ A．Generating further discussion. B．Introducing a research result. C．Showing the effect of the finding. D．Concluding various viewpoints. 2．How does the author prove his statements？ A．By offering relevant statistics. B．By using quotations. C．By referring to previous findings. D．By making comparisons. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ A．Benefits of befriending our future selves. B．Ways of connecting with our future selves. C．Methods of changing psychological mindsets. D．Possibilities of us becoming our future selves. 4．What does the article want to tell us？ A．Making future plans makes a difference. B．Our future selves look like other people. C．Getting to know your future self benefits. D．Your choice affects the fates of strangers. B [2024·福建省部分地市校第一次质量检测]When driving， Clara­Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine­learning algorithms (算法)， a form of AI，which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver，and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve，carmakers choose to scale_back many attempts to do so. Last year， for instance， Uber， a ride­hailing service， sold off its unit developing self­driving cars at a low price. Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However， just as people take time to learn how to drive safely，machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation， an American think­tank，calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver， a fleet of 100 self­driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day， 365 days a year， and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds，that would take about 400 years. Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”，the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games，to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. How quickly， if ever， all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche's point of view，though，there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills， just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away？ 5．What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1？ A．Make. B．Overlook. C．Encourage. D．Reduce. 6．The learning process of autonomous vehicles' safe driving can be described as ________． A．time­consuming B．fast­paced C．thought­provoking D．well­designed 7．What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche？ A．Ensuring the pleasure of driving. B．Making their sports cars affordable. C．Removing public doubts about safety. D．Integrating game engines into their vehicles. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text？ A．Porsche：Sports Cars at Risk B．Self­driving Cars：Still Some Way to Go C．Simulators：The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D．Machine Learning Algorithms：The Arrival of AI Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·合肥市第二次教学质量检测]The road to learning how to take personal responsibility can be a difficult one，but starting simple really works. __1__ Here is some advice you need to follow. •Focus on the basics of your journey. Just like the ocean， our life has many ups and downs. If you start building a solid sailboat， you can withstand (经受住) the weather. The solid boat represents your basic needs：safety， self­esteem (自尊) and connections with others. __2__ •Open your sails and be willing to fail. Do not lay too much stress on the destination. Just head in the right direction. __3__ You're supposed to take the courage to really open your sails.When you devote yourself to what you are doing， you will forget about your insecurities and worries. •__4__ As you sail through life，are you setting goals and making plans，or are you simply letting things happen and watching life pass by？Working on goal setting enables you to measure your progress and take responsibility for all you have and haven't done to achieve year goals. •Live in the moment. As you're moving through the ocean of your life，are you really concentrating on each present moment， or are your thoughts set on the past and future？Do you complain about mistakes others made that forced you into a difficult position？ __5__ Start taking personal responsibility for each thought and emotion that passes through you. A．Reach your goals. B．Move forward with intention. C．Then begin to tackle the more difficult aspects. D．So make sure that they are being met. E．Stop blaming others or situations if you really want to enjoy each moment. F．Everyone can edge closer to that stage through taking personal responsibility. G．You must enjoy the sail by finding purpose and following that desire to explore. Ⅲ.语法填空 [2024·福建省部分达标学校期中]As early as a thousand years ago in Kaifeng， China， there were a group of people presenting art and beauty in a delicate manner. Such craft is known 1.________ Bian embroidery (汴绣). It is now recognized as a state­level intangible cultural heritage. Bian embroidery is characterized by simplicity and serenity. It 2.________ (consider) a unique form of artistic 3.________ (express) of the Song Dynasty. The purest natural colors and delicate stitches (针法) make the embroidery look vivid like a 4.________ (paint) if not bring it to life. For each piece of work， embroiderers would integrate many elements into it 5.________ (include) fine art， literature and philosophy. The re­creation of the first volume of the work Along the River during the Qingming Festival is the work of 6.________ (experience) Bian embroiderers who have long observed the 7.________ (origin) work Qingming Festival and objects. 8.________ took over 20 embroiderers a year working around the clock 9.________ (complete) such a masterpiece. The millennium­old craft still has its charm today. It goes beyond the time， bringing out the fine texture of painting 10.________ it can also be a treasure that one holds dear. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 阅读单词一遍过 1.a wide range of household appliances各种各样的家用电器 2.a good air conditioner一台好的空调设备 3.temperature sensor温度传感器 4．a mode of communication交流方式 5.find abnormal signs of heart pumping发现心脏跳动异常的迹象 6.die of lung cancer 死于肺癌 7.electrical equipment 电气设备 8.check the wiring 检查线路 9.live in a fantasy world 生活在幻想世界里 10.an age of technological innovation技术革新的时代 11.an increase in violent crime 暴力犯罪活动的增加 12.artificial intelligence (AI)人工智能 13.cease strike action immediately 立即停止罢工 14.a deceased famous actor 已故的著名演员 15.lead a life of luxury过奢侈的生活 16.an exciting prospect 令人兴奋的前景 17.a signpost in life 人生中 18.take the book to 的一个路标 the librarian 把书拿给图书管理员 核心单词三遍熟 1.phrase n. 短语；词组 2.switch ut. 转换；交换 vi.8.vt. （使）改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3.remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 4.routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 5.instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 6.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 7.innovation n. 创新；创造 8.available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 9.nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 10.forecast vt.8.n. 预测；预报 11.hence adv. 因此；由此 12.career n. 职业；事业 13.rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 14.prospect n. 可能性；前景 15.paragraph n. 段；段落 拓展单词寻规记 1．distant adj．遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n.距离 2．secure adj．安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n.安全；保护措施 3．automatic adj．自动的→automatically adv．自动地 4．integrate vi． ＆． vl．（使）合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的 5．efficient adj．效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiencyn.效率；效能 6．preference n．爱好；偏爱→prefer vt．更喜欢；宁愿 7．obey vi．＆ vt．服从；遵守→disobey vi．8．vl．不服从 8．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→warn vt．警告 9．electrical adj．电的；用电的→electric adj．电的；电动的；用电的→electricity n.电；电学；电 流 10．detect vt．发现；查明→detective n．侦探 11．combine x．8．vi．（使）结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合 12．predict vt．预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言 13．occupation n．职业；占领→occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙于（做某事）→occupied adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于 14．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj．缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 15．emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性→emphasize v．强调 16．resist vi．8．vt．抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n．抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj.反抗的；抵制的 17．accurate adj．精确的；准确的→accurately adv．精确地；准确地→accuracy n.精确性 新高考词汇·规则速记 规则 例词 形容词后缀­ive表示“有……性质的，有……倾向的” ①persuade说服→persuasive有说服力的　　②attract吸引→attractive吸引人的 ③create创造→creative有创造力的 ④effect效果；作用→effective有效的 ⑤defend防御→defensive防御性的 ⑥instruct教育→instructive有教育意义 ⑦support支持→supportive支持的 ⑧protect保护→protective保护的 ⑨talk谈话→talkative健谈的 ⑩product生产→productive多产的，富有成效的 背热考单词 1．persuade vt.劝说；说服 背重点 背写作佳句 1)　说服某人做某事 2) 说服某人不做某事 3)persuade sb. 使某人相信…… ①My colleague tried to persuade me of his honesty.　 ＝My colleague tried to persuade me that he was honest. 我的同事努力地使我相信他的诚实。 ②I thought it impossible to persuade him to accept/into accepting my views, so I didn't want to waste time discussing it.我觉得不可能说服他接受我的观点，因此我不想浪费时间讨论。 2.command n．指令；命令；控制　vt.命令；控制 背重点 背写作佳句 1)command sb. to do sth. 　　　　　命令某人做某事 command that ...(should) do sth. 命令……做某事 2)under the command of sb. 由某人指挥 take command of 控制；指挥 have a good command of 掌握；精通 ①Having a good command of spoken English will surely enable me to communicate with visitors with ease. 精通英语口语，使我能与游客轻松交流。(申请信) ②The fire officer took command, commanding everyone to leave the burning building.(读后续写场景描写) 消防专员开始指挥，命令大家离开这幢着火的建筑。 3.combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合 背重点 背写作佳句 1)combine ... with/and ... 　把……与……结合起来 be combined with 与……结合 2)in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合 3)combined effort 共同的努力 You'd better combine exercise with a healthy diet. Only when exercise is combined with a healthy diet can you keep really fit. 你最好把运动和健康饮食结合起来。只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，你才能保持真正的健康。(建议信) 4.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 背重点 背写作佳句 1)oppose (doing) sth.　　　　　反对(做)某事 oppose sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事 2)be opposed to (one's) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 object to (one's) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 With the nation opposing wasting food, an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food. 由于全国反对浪费食物，一项活动已经发起，呼吁我们学生节约食物。(活动介绍) 5.absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 背重点 背写作佳句 1)absence of mind/evidence/rain 　　　　　　　　心不在焉/缺乏证据/缺雨 in/during one's absence 某人不在时 2)be absent from ... 不参加……；缺席…… absent­minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 During/In your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. 在你不在的时候，我们班参加了一场英语口语比赛，我们获得了第一名。 6.resist vi.& vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 背重点 背写作佳句 1)resist doing sth. 　反对做某事 can't/couldn't resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事 2)be resistant to 对……有抵抗力；抵制…… A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist infection. 健康的饮食结合经常锻炼有助于身体抵抗感染。 (建议信) 7.advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者 背重点 背写作佳句 1)advocate doing sth.　　　提倡做某事 advocate that...(should) do sth. 提倡……(应该)做某事 2)an advocate of... ……的提倡者 With World Environment Day approaching，I advocate that we (should) spare no effort to protect the environment. 随着世界环境日的临近，我倡议我们应该不遗余力来保护环境。 二、背词块——丰富表达 第一组　核心短语 1．switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) 2．daily routine 日常生活 3 early on 在初期；早先 4．catch fire 着火 5．in this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 6．keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 7．prevent...from... 阻止……做…… 8．keep track of 跟踪 第二组　课文词块 1．smart homes 智能家居 2．keep us secure 使我们安全 3．provide a more comfortable environment to live in 提供更舒适的居住环境 4．advanced technology 先进技术 5．automatic control 自动控制 6．monitor your health 监测你的健康 7．send a warning to your phone 给你的手机发送一个警告 8．driverless cars 无人驾驶汽车 9．just about 几乎，差不多 10．on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面…… 三、背好句好段——增分写作 1．句型公式：the moment/minute/instant ...“一……就” 教材原句：Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。 经典佳句：The instant/Instantly David crossed the finish line, thunderous applause and cheers rose from the audience. 大卫冲过终点线的那一刻，观众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写场景描写] 2.句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句 教材原句：Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而，还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 经典佳句：It wasn't long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest，and she had knots in her stomach. 没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，她的心揪成一团。 (读后续写之紧张心理描写) 3.句型公式：the way作先行词的定语从句 教材原句：Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. 当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。 经典佳句：There is no doubt that the Internet has changed the way that millions of people communicate with the outside world. 毫无疑问，互联网已经改变了数百万人与外界沟通的方式。 基础练习 Ⅰ词形转换 1.（2023·全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast （反差） that shouldn’t work，but somehow these two very different worlds make a good 　combination　 （combine）. 2.（2023·1月浙江卷）With gas prices rising and airport 　security　 （secure） lines snaking longer than ever， why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？ 3.Upon reaching his hometown in the 　distance　 （distant），the politician expressed a 　preference　 （prefer） for the unique scenery. 4.We followed Mr Read’s speech attentively，nodding and applauding 　constantly　 （constant）. 5.The ability to 　accurately　 （accurate） understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor 　to find　 （find） how to help his patients. 6.I’m writing to make an apology for any inconvenience caused by my 　absence　 （absent） and wish you all the best. Ⅱ.动词的形式变化和固定用法 1.Exhausted and hungry 　as　 we were，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. 2.　Opposed　 （oppose）to developing the nature reserve，the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages. 3.（2022·全国甲卷）I was unwilling to talk with him and often 　disobeyed　 （obey） his rule of not staying out with my friends too late. 4.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection，　advocating　 （advocate） green lifestyles and consumer culture. 5.On the whole，he has the potential 　to become　 （become） a world-class musician. Ⅲ.熟词新义 1.（2023·全国甲卷）Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.　　n.住处　 2.She secured a job with the help of her father.　　vt.获得　 3.You can book the grand hotel commanding the whole wonderful view of the city.　　vt.一览　 Ⅳ.应用文写作——演讲稿——谈智能家居 练单句: 1.据预测，随着科技的发展，智能家居将逐渐走进人们的生活。 智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们提供便利，帮我们创造环境友好型并节能的居住环境。 　It is predicted that with the development of science and technology， smart homes will gradually enter people’s lives， which will keep us secure， provide us with convenience， and help us create an environment-friendly and energy-saving living environment.　（It is predicted that ...； keep us secure； 定语从句） 2.电视和电灯等电器可以自动开关。 　Electric appliances like TV sets and lights can be switched on and off automatically.　（switch on/off） 3.智能家居将持续跟踪我们的健康状况，并在出现问题时向我们的手机发出警告。 　Smart homes will be keeping constant track of our health and send a warning to our phones when there is something wrong.　（keep constant track of； send a warning） 4.用不了多久，这些创新将为我们提供更高质量的生活。 　It won’t be long before these innovations provide us with a life of higher quality.　（It won’t be long before ...） 组语篇: 　　Good morning，my dear classmates，my topic today is about smart homes. 　It is predicted that with the development of science and technology， smart homes will gradually enter people’s lives， which will keep us secure， provide us with convenience， and help us create an environment-friendly and energy-saving living environment.For instance， electric appliances like TV sets and lights can be switched on and off automatically.Besides， smart homes will be keeping constant track of our health and send a warning to our phones when there is something wrong.It won’t be long before these innovations provide us with a life of higher quality.　 Ⅴ.读后续写——她坐在窗边，看到远处一座金色的房子，好奇心占了上风，她飞速朝房子跑去…… 按要求完成下列句子： 1.她坐在窗边往外看，却发现一座金色的房子在初升的太阳下闪闪发光。 She sat near the window and looked out， 　only to find a golden house shining in the rising sun　.（非谓语动词作状语） 2.她之前从未见过这么令人惊叹的金色房子。 　She had never seen such an amazing golden house before.　 3.最后，好奇心占了上风，她站起来奔出房间。 　Eventually， her curiosity got the better of her.She arose and rushed out of her room.　 4.她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野，一直跑到那座房子金色的门前。 　Burning with curiosity， she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house.　（分词作状语；状语从句） 5.她在门前驻足，好奇地盯着这座房子。 　She stopped at the door and stared at the house with curiosity.　 6.她的好奇心越来越重，脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。 　Her curiosity grew bigger.Puzzlement and curiosity were written over her face.　（以事物为主语） 将以上各句合并成小短文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇： 　　　She sat near the window and looked out， only to find a golden house shining in the rising sun.She had never seen such an amazing golden house before.Eventually， her curiosity got the better of her.She arose and rushed out of her room.Burning with curiosity， she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house.She stopped at the door and stared at the house with curiosity.Her curiosity grew bigger.Puzzlement and curiosity were written over her face.　 能力提高 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·河北省衡水中学高三上学期四调]Is future you ... you？ It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret. The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI(核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves look most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that， in the mind's eye，our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person，why should you save money，eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger？ However， if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self， you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLOS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well­being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff，which included 5，000 adults aged 20 to 75，he found that those who perceived a great overlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey. So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates？The psychological mindset with what we call “vividness interventions” works. We have found，for instance， that showing people images of their older， grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides， you might try writing a letter to—and then from—your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity，when high­school students engaged in this type of “send­and­reply” exercise，they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves. Letter­writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond，but the larger lesson here is clear：If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love，care about and want to support，we can start making choices for them that improve our lives—both today and tomorrow. 1．What's the function of Paragraph 2？ A．Generating further discussion. B．Introducing a research result. C．Showing the effect of the finding. D．Concluding various viewpoints. 2．How does the author prove his statements？ A．By offering relevant statistics. B．By using quotations. C．By referring to previous findings. D．By making comparisons. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ A．Benefits of befriending our future selves. B．Ways of connecting with our future selves. C．Methods of changing psychological mindsets. D．Possibilities of us becoming our future selves. 4．What does the article want to tell us？ A．Making future plans makes a difference. B．Our future selves look like other people. C．Getting to know your future self benefits. D．Your choice affects the fates of strangers. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。 1.答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论：为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。 2.答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段“A paper in the journal PLOS One revealed”和“In a project led by Joseph Reiff”可知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。 3.答案与解析：B　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。 4.答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据全文及第五段“If we can treat our distant selves...both today and tomorrow.”可知，了解未来的自己是有好处的。 B [2024·福建省部分地市校第一次质量检测]When driving， Clara­Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine­learning algorithms (算法)， a form of AI，which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver，and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve，carmakers choose to scale_back many attempts to do so. Last year， for instance， Uber， a ride­hailing service， sold off its unit developing self­driving cars at a low price. Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However， just as people take time to learn how to drive safely，machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation， an American think­tank，calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver， a fleet of 100 self­driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day， 365 days a year， and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds，that would take about 400 years. Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”，the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games，to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. How quickly， if ever， all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche's point of view，though，there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills， just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away？ 5．What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1？ A．Make. B．Overlook. C．Encourage. D．Reduce. 6．The learning process of autonomous vehicles' safe driving can be described as ________． A．time­consuming B．fast­paced C．thought­provoking D．well­designed 7．What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche？ A．Ensuring the pleasure of driving. B．Making their sports cars affordable. C．Removing public doubts about safety. D．Integrating game engines into their vehicles. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text？ A．Porsche：Sports Cars at Risk B．Self­driving Cars：Still Some Way to Go C．Simulators：The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D．Machine Learning Algorithms：The Arrival of AI B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。 5.答案与解析：D　词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Last year， for instance， Uber， a ride­hailing service， sold off its unit developing self­driving cars at a low price.”可知，后文低价出售自动驾驶汽车的部门的例子说明汽车制造商选择减少许多这样做的尝试。故画线词意思是“减少”。 6.答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段“The RAND Corporation， an American think­tank， calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver， a fleet of 100 self­driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day， 365 days a year， and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds， that would take about 400 years.”可知，自动驾驶汽车安全驾驶的学习过程是非常耗时的。故选A。 7.答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段“From Porsche's point of view， though， there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills， just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away？”可知，自动驾驶汽车在确保驾驶的乐趣方面会给保时捷带来挑战。 8.答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第二段并结合文章可知，主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。可知，B选项“自动驾驶汽车：仍有一段路要走”最符合文章标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 [2024·合肥市第二次教学质量检测]The road to learning how to take personal responsibility can be a difficult one，but starting simple really works. __1__ Here is some advice you need to follow. •Focus on the basics of your journey. Just like the ocean， our life has many ups and downs. If you start building a solid sailboat， you can withstand (经受住) the weather. The solid boat represents your basic needs：safety， self­esteem (自尊) and connections with others. __2__ •Open your sails and be willing to fail. Do not lay too much stress on the destination. Just head in the right direction. __3__ You're supposed to take the courage to really open your sails.When you devote yourself to what you are doing， you will forget about your insecurities and worries. •__4__ As you sail through life，are you setting goals and making plans，or are you simply letting things happen and watching life pass by？Working on goal setting enables you to measure your progress and take responsibility for all you have and haven't done to achieve year goals. •Live in the moment. As you're moving through the ocean of your life，are you really concentrating on each present moment， or are your thoughts set on the past and future？Do you complain about mistakes others made that forced you into a difficult position？ __5__ Start taking personal responsibility for each thought and emotion that passes through you. A．Reach your goals. B．Move forward with intention. C．Then begin to tackle the more difficult aspects. D．So make sure that they are being met. E．Stop blaming others or situations if you really want to enjoy each moment. F．Everyone can edge closer to that stage through taking personal responsibility. G．You must enjoy the sail by finding purpose and following that desire to explore. Ⅱ.七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。 本文介绍了学会承担个人责任的建议。 1.答案与解析：C　根据空前讲到的“starting simple really works”可知，空处应该讲接下来可以做复杂的事情或者困难的任务。故C项“然后开始解决更困难的方面”符合语境。 2.答案与解析：D　本段讲到了坚固的船的重要性，空前一句讲到了“坚固的船代表了你的基本需求：安全、自尊和与他人的联系”，因此空处应该讲要确保这些需求得到满足，故D项符合语境，D项中的“they”指代的是上一句中的“basic needs”。 3.答案与解析：G　由本段的主旨句可知，本段应该会讲到与勇敢启航相关的内容，且空前、空后均使用了第二人称，故G项“你必须通过寻找重要意义并追随探索的欲望来享受航行”符合本段的主题，且能够引出下文。 4.答案与解析：B　本空考查段落主旨句。结合其他段落主旨句均是祈使句的特点可知，选项锁定A、B项。本段首先发出一个疑问，紧接着回答问题，根据回答部分的“Working on goal setting”可知，B项“带着目标前进”适合作本段的主旨句。 5.答案与解析：E　结合空前问句的“Do you complain about mistakes others made”和本段主旨句可知，空处应该会讲到不要抱怨或责怪，要活在当下，故E项“如果你真的想享受每一刻，就要停止责备别人或处境”符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [2024·福建省部分达标学校期中]As early as a thousand years ago in Kaifeng， China， there were a group of people presenting art and beauty in a delicate manner. Such craft is known 1.________ Bian embroidery (汴绣). It is now recognized as a state­level intangible cultural heritage. Bian embroidery is characterized by simplicity and serenity. It 2.________ (consider) a unique form of artistic 3.________ (express) of the Song Dynasty. The purest natural colors and delicate stitches (针法) make the embroidery look vivid like a 4.________ (paint) if not bring it to life. For each piece of work， embroiderers would integrate many elements into it 5.________ (include) fine art， literature and philosophy. The re­creation of the first volume of the work Along the River during the Qingming Festival is the work of 6.________ (experience) Bian embroiderers who have long observed the 7.________ (origin) work Qingming Festival and objects. 8.________ took over 20 embroiderers a year working around the clock 9.________ (complete) such a masterpiece. The millennium­old craft still has its charm today. It goes beyond the time， bringing out the fine texture of painting 10.________ it can also be a treasure that one holds dear. Ⅲ.语法填空 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汴绣的历史。 1.答案与解析：as　此处是固定搭配be known as“被称为”。 2.答案与解析：is considered　句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，consider与主语It是逻辑动宾关系，故填is considered。 3.答案与解析：expression　形容词修饰名词，空前artistic是形容词，此处应用名词expression“表达”，不可数名词。 4.答案与解析：painting　此处作介词宾语，应用名词painting“画”，可数名词，由空前a可知 ，故填painting。 5.答案与解析：including　根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用介词including“包括”。 6.答案与解析：experienced　此处修饰名词Bian embroiderers，应用形容词“经验丰富的”，作定语。 7.答案与解析：original　此处修饰名词work Qingming Festival，应用形容词original “原作的”，作定语。 8.答案与解析：It　此处是固定句型It takes sb. time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，it是形式主语，后面的动词短语是真正的主语， 故填It。 9.答案与解析：to complete　此处是固定句型It takes sb. time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，it是形式主语，后面的动词短语是真正的主语。 10.答案与解析：and　句意：它超越了时间，带出了绘画的细腻质感，也可以成为一种珍贵的财富。前后句意是并列顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$