专题09 阅读理解（说明文，议论文）-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（沪教牛津版）

2024-2025学年九年级上期期末考点大串讲（牛津版） 专题9阅读理解（说明文，议论文） 【试题猜想】 （摘自21世纪英语报） Say hello to future you! Imagine being able to talk to your future self and get to know what your life might be like years from now. A new online chat platform (平台) called Future You has made this possible. Future You was created by scientists from different research institutes (机构), including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US. Powered by AI, the program begins by asking users questions about their personalities, current lives and future plans. It then uses this information as “memories” to create a simulation (模拟) of the user at the age of 60. This allows users to ask questions and get advice for the future from “themselves”. The platform can also produce a photo for each user, showing how they might look at age 60. “The system makes the simulation very realistic (逼真的). Future You is much more detailed than what a person could come up with by just imagining their future selves,” said Pattie Maes, a MIT scientist who worked on the program. According to the platform’s official website, Future You is designed to “help users develop more long-term thinking” by improving their “future self-continuity” (未来自我连续性). This term describes how connected a person feels to his or her future self. The stronger the connection, the more likely a person is to make decisions that benefit their long-term well-being, in areas such as money, education, or health. The scientists tested Future You on 344 volunteers. Those who interacted with Future You for 10 to 30 minutes felt less anxious (焦虑的) and more motivated (有动力的) about the uncertain nature of the future compared to those who chatted with a general AI or only filled out surveys. However, Future You has its limits. “It is not clear whether people have done anything different [or] changed their behavior (行为) as a result of interacting with their future self,” Ivo Vlaev from the UK’s University of Warwick told Euronews. In addition, the AI program can only offer a look into one possible future, rather than make various predictions. At the end of the day, “it’s all a big pretend”, noted an article in Forbes. We shouldn’t take Future You’s words as completely true.     1. What do paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly talk about? A. The role MIT played in Future You. B. The AI technology used in Future You. C. The creation and features of Future You. D. The development background of Future You. 2. What is the main purpose of Future You, according to the official website? A. To predict future events. B. To reduce users’ stresses in life. C. To help users plan for a better future. D. To connect users with others. 3. How did the volunteers feel after interacting with Future You? A. More realistic about their limitations. B. Less satisfied with their current lives. C. More confident in their past decisions. D. Less worried and more driven about the future. 4. What is a limitation of Future You mentioned in the text? A. It can only show one possible future. B. It may lead to dependency on AI. C. It gives overly optimistic predictions. D. It only works for a specific age group. 【真题演练】 Passage 1（2024· 广雅中学三模） In the past 10 years, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight. A key feature (特征) of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends (趋向，动向) come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. Short video apps such as TikTok, also known as Douyin, took the world by storm. TikTok was once ranked 8th on app stores, and Douyin had more than 300 million monthly active users. Why are these short videos so popular? Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CBC. These videos, apart from being very convenient, are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue. Liza Koshy, a user of the app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another attractive feature.” However, the quick development of social media may be having bad effects too. Fake (虚假的) news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds. 37. What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean? A. Being changeable. B. Being valuable. C. Being comfortable. D. Being international. 38. According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular? A. They are very convenient. B. They help people kill time. C. They provide a sense of community. D. They allow people to express themselves. 39. What do we know about social media? A. Watching short videos is the most popular way of our life. B. People can’t communicate with each other without social media. C. There is still much room for social media to make improvement. D. Taking short videos is the best way for teenagers to express themselves. 40. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage? A. Short video apps will take the world by storm in the future. B. Social media can help you turn into celebrities very quickly. C. People can share any interesting materials on the platforms without checking. D. It’s wise to think carefully over the time and the effect when we use social media. Passage 2（2024· 广州实验中学三模） Although we often hear about driverless cars, it is still not clear when we will be able to buy one to make those long boring road trips a lot easier. Let’s take a look at why. What driverless technology is in use now? The idea of a driverless car dates back to 1939! However, we are not sure what driverless technology can and can’t do. When most people think of driverless cars, they think of sitting back in their car and reading a book while the car does all the work and gets them to where they want to go. In fact, that kind of technology is many years away. At the moment, our car can help control the direction, but our attention must still be on the road. Before smarter technology becomes popular, people will need to deal with a lot of problems, such as getting the car to understand the road signs and allowing cars to “connect” to one another. In this way, all cars can be aware of what is happening around them. What problems are driverless cars facing? There are a few reasons why driverless cars may take some time to come to fruition. Although AI and driverless skills have developed for a long time, AI still isn’t as smart as a human brain when something happens suddenly. Driverless technology needs to be able to deal with some accidents before it can become truly popular. Online attack is also a kind of danger. Hackers（黑客）could get into your car and take control of your car, using their skills to either steal your car or even hurt you. Our technology must be safe before we give too much trust in driverless cars. Driverless cars could actually make the air pollution worse. If people are able to sleep or work in their cars, there will be even less reason to get public transport（公共交通）. Unless driverless cars are all powered by clean energy, the planet won’t be better with more driverless cars. 30. About driverless cars, the writer agrees that ________. A. we can buy some in the near future. B. they were first invented in the 21st century. C. hackers will surely operate our cars through the Internet. D. the drivers still have to pay their attention on the road for now. 31. The following phrase “________” has the same meaning as the underlined phrase “come to fruition” in Paragraph 3. A. come into use B. run free C. set off D. take place 32. According to the passage, driverless cars are facing the problems EXCEPT ________. A. air pollution B. high price C. online attacks D. AI technology 33. How does the writer organize the article? A. B. C. D. Passage 3（2024· 华南师大附中三模） Many educators fear students will use the artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write their reports or cheat on homework. But other teachers are including it in the classroom. Donnie Piercey is a teacher in Lexington, Kentucky. He told his 23 5th﹣grade students to try and beat the tool that was creating writing tasks. Piercey says his job is to prepare students for a world where knowledge of Al will be required. He describes ChatGPT as just the newest technology in his 17 years of teaching that caused worry about the possibility of cheating. “As educators, we haven’t worked out the best way to use AI yet,” he added. “But it’s coming, whether we want it to or not.” One lesson in his class was a writing game between students and the machine. Piercey asked students to “Find the Bot.” Each student wrote a short report about boxer Muhammad Ali. Then they tried to find out which was written by ChatGPT. After playing “Find the Bot.” Piercey asked his class what skills it helped them learn. “How to properly summarize and correctly capitalize words and use commas.” said one student. Another student felt that sentences written by students “have a little more feeling...more flavor.” Students Laksi and McCormick, both 10, said they could see the good and bad parts of working with chatbots. They can help students who have trouble putting their thoughts into writing. McCormick said students could use it for suggestions, but should not use it to do all the work. “You shouldn’t take advantage of it,” McCormick said. “You’re not learning anything if you type in what you want, and then it gives you the answer.” 29. Which opinion will Donnie Piercey possibly agree with? A. The best way to use AI is to put it in classroom. B. Students should not use AI for all tasks. C. Students should be prepared to live with AI. D. AI is the best tool to help with students’ learning. 30. In the game “Find the Bot”, students learned some skills that can be provided by AI EXCEPT ________. A. summarizing given texts properly B. capitalizing words correctly C. correct use of commas D. adding more flavor to sentences 31. ChatGPT is NOT suitable for students who ________. A. totally depend on chatbots B. search for some suggestions C. want to learn something with it D. have difficulty expressing thoughts in writing 32. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? ________ A. Environment. B. History. C. Travel. D. Science. Passage 4（2023-24·广州海珠区期末） Everyone feels stressed sometimes. Maybe you have a family situation that needs extra time and attention. Maybe you have a hard time with your friends or classmates. Maybe you are ill or don’t do well in your studies. So what can you do when you feel angry, worried and stressed about the things that are out of your control? I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life. Exercise One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving. You can do sports or just take a walk. One of the benefits of exercising is that you will all feel calmer and happier afterwards. Smile Smiling and laughing can make you relaxed. A good joke with a friend, a good movie with your family or just smiling at the sunshine work well. Listen to music Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the music you like. It’s usually more effective when you choose something quiet. Listen to music that makes you feel relaxed and calm. Do some reading Reading is also a good way to fight against stress. Any book that gives a good, positive message about the world or the people in it can help you feel better. Be close to nature Go out and smell the fresh air. Can you hear the birds singing and feeling the gentle wind on your skin? Bring your peaceful scene to mind the next time you are feeling annoyed. Your stress will be released by nature. Be grateful There is always something you can be thankful for. Sometimes it is as simple as the breakfast your mom makes for you. Think about all the things that are good in your life. Positive thinking brings you more good things to feel good about. Next time you face stress, don’t worry. Just think about the above tips, give yourself time alone or with the people you love. Remember: a good mood brings you a healthy body. 30. What’s the purpose of writing this article? A. To help people relax themselves. B. To tell people what a healthy life is. C. To give tips on having a strong body. D. To show ways of solving problems. 31. Lucy was sad because she broke her leg and had to stay in bed for a few weeks. What better advice would you give her? ①Exercise. ②Smile. ③Listen to music. ④Do some reading. ⑤Be close to nature. ⑥Be grateful. A. ①④⑥ B. ①⑤⑥ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤ 32. In which part of a newspaper can you read this article? A. Sports B. Life C. Fashion D. Travel 33. Which of the following probably matches the writer’s opinion? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. The early bird catches the worms. C. In time of danger, one’s mind works fast. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Passage 5（2023-24·番禺区期末统考） Last month, calls were made to raise the taxes for sugary drinks. This shows growing worry over the amount of sugar that kids are taking in through cola, juices and other beverages (饮料), a new study has found that one in five children did not drink any water on a given day and that those kids took in more calories (卡路里) from sweetened beverages than kids who did drink water.     The study surveyed on 8, 400 children across the country between the ages of 2 and 19. Researchers found that around 20 percent of children are reported drinking no water throughout the day. And they took in almost twice as many calories than kids who did drink some water. Overall, the children drank 132 calories of colas and other sugary beverages per day. That number dropped to 112 calories if they drank any water. But kids who didn’t drink any water at all took in an average of 210 calories from sweetened drinks. This can cause a lot of problems. “Those calories don’t provide much nutrition (营养) and they can add up,” according to professor Asher, a scientist in public health. Sugary drinks have been linked to a number of diseases, such as childhood obesity, dental problems and high cholesterol. “I’ve seen 6-year-olds with high cholesterol and teenagers with Type 2 diabetes,” said Natalie, a doctor for children. “These are diseases we used to see in their grandparents.” “Kids should take in water every single day, and the first beverage choice for kids should be water,” according to Natalie. “Because if they’re not drinking water, like sugar-sweetened beverages, that are less healthy and have more calories.” Adults should take up their responsibility to encourage kids to drink water so that they don’t take in something less healthful. And things need to be done to ensure childhood health. 34. What can we learn about children’s water drinking from the survey? A. Each of the children took in 210 calories per day. B. Most of the children drank enough water every day. C. Children who drank less water would take in more calories. D. The children who drank water took in twice as many calories. 35. How does the writer support his idea in paragraph 3? A. By showing opinions from experts. B. By listing numbers from a survey. C. By comparing interesting facts. D. By telling stories from grandparents. 36. What would probably happen to children who drink sweetened beverages instead of water? A. They would lose weight. B. They would have health problems. C. They would live a happy life. D. They would have more nutrition. 37. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To describe the harm of sweetened beverages. B. To compare water with sweetened beverages. C. To suggest some ways to help children live a healthier life. D. To introduce the importance of water drinking among children. Passage 6（2023-24·荔湾区期末统考） Every day, one in five parents in the UK share a photo of their children on social media (社交媒体). It is a great way for friends and family to keep up to date with each other’s lives, some people think that children should have a say in whether pictures of themselves are posted online. So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not? Some people think parents should always ask first. Parents may do this for good, but anything posted online may remain there forever. These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with. Children should have control of their own photos. Even if the parent thinks it is a nice picture, the children may not agree. Also, they may not want their friends to know what they have been doing in the holidays or who they are spending time with. For those who hold an opposite opinion, parents are able to decide what is best for their children. They share photos with people they know and trust. Social media is a great way to keep in touch with people and find out what family and friends are up to. Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden. Parents also select photos that won’t be awkward to the children because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others. It’s a great way to make memories, too. Since most people don’t keep printed photos in albums, social media is the perfect place to store them instead. 37. Why don’t children want their photos to be shared by parents online? A. Children disagree to share the photos with all the friends. B. Children dislike to share their holidays with their friends. C. Parents don’t show the real names of their children online. D. Parents don’t know how to print the online photos in albums. 38. What does the underlined “awkward” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A. Embarrassing. B. Amazing. C. Boring. D. Pleasing. 39. When may students allow parents to post the photos of them according to the passage? A. When their personal information is protected. B. When all the family members are in the photos. C. When the photos are easy to draw others’ attention. D. When every friend of the parents’ can see the photos. 40. What is this passage about? A. Teaching parents how to post photos online. B. Making the children understand their parents. C. Discussing who has the final say about photos posting online. D. Talking about the problems between parents and their children. Passage 7（2023-24·深圳福田区期末） One of my favorite inventions in recent years is face unlocking. Without needing to lift my fingers and type in the numbers, I can get straight into my phone with just a look. Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the “passkey”! Passkeys turn your phone into something a bit like a wallet, which you can use to store membership cards to all of your apps and services. When you need to log in to a website, you’ll just have to tap a button on your phone and your passkey wallet will let you in without any worry. And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same “biometric (生物统计)” check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged. Passkeys won’t just save us from having to remember passwords but, perhaps logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called “public key” cryptography (密码) which is one of the building blocks of the Internet — and is how computers have securely communicated with other computers for so many years. To put it simply, it works a bit like a key, instead of a password. With a password, the website has to keep a database (数据库) of everyone’s passwords to check against when you log in. But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock, ★ . I think it’s a really clever idea, and that passkeys are going to make our digital lives even safer. So, next time you’re complaining that you can’t remember your password, don’t worry too much. It won’t always be like this! 36. The writer explains how the passkeys work by ________. A. giving examples B. listing numbers C. raising questions D. comparing similar things 37. The underlined word “forged” in paragraph 3 means ________. A. copied B. printed C. canceled D. recorded 38. The passkeys are much safer than passwords because of ________. A. biometric check B. cryptography technology C. blocks of Internet D. secure communication 39. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. but your phone is safer B. so you won’t forget the key C. or it will remember the key D. and only your phone will have the key 40. The passage is written to ________. A. show passkeys are safer than passwords B. introduce science development C. report the invention of face unlocking D. describe digital lives Passage 8（2023-24·深圳罗浮区期末） Some of the world’s most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to live. “Once we spread out into space and build independent colonies (殖民地), our future should be safe,” he said. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example, about the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. ★ Terraforming means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth’s. One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about -60 °C. One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries. However, it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants, resulting in more air that people can breathe. Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before “returning to Earth” recently. It was a 1, 200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano (火山) and used the sun for energy. Christiane Heinicke, one of the people who lived there, said that one of the biggest problems was feeling bored. Another important finding was that the people living together should all be able to get along and work together. One particular organization based in Europe is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030. However, many experts think the project’s cost of $6 billion is too low for it to be successful. The American space agency NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about $100 billion, although this estimate (估价) is based on bringing them back to Earth, too. Anyway, it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe. 36. Paragraph 1 mainly focuses on ________. A. how we can move to another planet B. why we work on moving to Mars C. when we will move to Mars D. where the Mars is 37. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. However, scientists need to terraform Mars for people to live. B. And people are trying to send the people to Mars. C. But scientists can’t do anything about this. D. However, it is not easy to move to Mars. 38. According to paragraph 3, scientists care about _______. A. the cost of moving to Mars B. the energy on Mars C. the physical quality of people D. the food on Mars 39. The underlined word “them” refers to ________. A. humans B. scientists C. planets D. cost 40. What can we learn from the passage? A. The temperature on Mars is 60 degrees above zero. B. It is sure to send the first humans to Mars after 2030. C. $6 billion is enough to send people to Mars. D. Moving to Mars would be good for mankind. Passage 9（2023-24·深圳南实集团期中） Every week, Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student, will wait at a store selling food nearing its expiration date (保质期), and return to school with a bag of snacks. “These products are usually sold at 30% to 50% off and many of them are from big brands. I’m really a big fan of them,” she said. Wu is among a growing number of young Chinese who buy near-expired food. According to a report by iiMedia Research, China’s near-expired food market went beyond 30 billion yuan in 2020 and 47.8 percent of the consumers were aged 26 to 35. Unlike the traditional thought that buying such food is penny-pinching (吝啬的) or embarrassing, more and more young people like Wu regard it as a way to help reduce food waste. “I don’t care much about the date, as long as I can eat them before their expiration dates. It meets my needs while saving resources and protecting the environment, which is a good thing,” says Wu. Physical stores (实体店) selling near-expired food have sprung up (突然兴起) in cities across China. HotMaxx, a chain store that opened in 2020 in major Chinese cities, has increased to more than 200 in number across the country. Online shops selling such food are growing rapidly, too. On Taobao, around 2.1 million people buy near-expired food every year. From a food safety standpoint(观点), which may concern many consumers, experts believe that such products won’t do any harm. “Near-expired food is safe and buying these products is a good practice to help prevent waste of resources, which should be encouraged,” says Zhou Yu, a professor of food nutrition (营养) and safety at Anhui Agricultural University. 16. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean? A. I am crazy about snacks. B. I like this store very much. C. I like buying near-expired food. D. I’m in love with products from big brands. 17. The author mentioned the report by iiMedia Research to show ________. A. near-expired food is very popular with all customers B. young people are the main buyers of such food C. near-expired food was the best seller in 2020 D. there will be a bigger market for the food 18. According to Wu, buying near-expired food is a way to ________. ①save money                    ②save resources ③protect the environment          ④encourage the development of stores A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 19. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Experts does not believe that near-expired food is safe and won’t do any harm. B. Most of the consumers who buy near-expired food are elders aiming at saving money. C. HotMaxx has increased to more than 200 stores in a year. D. The amount of consumers buying near-expired food is still increasing. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. Success of the near-expired food business. B. Advantages of buying near-expired food. C. A safer shopping choice. D. Good taste, no waste. Passage 10（2023-24·广大附中） When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn’t have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening. Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn’t bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected. Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult — you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it’s impossible to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. It’s for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging. Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily on luck and the external (外部的) environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out. 37. You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ________. A. buy expensive shoes B. order a delicious meal C. talk with friends for new ideas D. sit quietly in front of a television 38. What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage? A. Enjoyment grows out of pleasure. B. Pleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand. C. Pleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones. D. Some experiences provide both pleasure and enjoyment. 39. The words “psychic energy” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A. attention B. interest C. ability D. knowledge 40. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. feeling pleasure stops people from achieving growth B. feeling enjoyment comes with achieving growth C. a worthy life depends on luck and environment D. pleasure is the key to a happy and worthy life Passage 11（2024·江苏常州中考） ①China published the world’s first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas (地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information for future lunar research and exploration. ②“These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations,” Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known lunar scientist, said. “They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like Mars.” ③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. “As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,” said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher. ④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China’s Chang’e Program. Information from other research projects and international tasks was also used. ⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5 million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构) and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked. ⑥This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education. Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. “Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,” he explained. ⑦“Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers,” said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. “It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.” 33. What is the great value of the new atlas? A. It is the first lunar geologic atlas in the world. B. It proves the hard work of Chinese scientists. C. It will meet the future needs in lunar studies. D. It is built on information from many researches. 34. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The large size and mystery of the moon. B. The discovery of Chang’e Program. C. The details of the new geologic atlas. D. The challenges the scientists face. 35. How does the writer prove “This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes”? A. By comparing different purposes. B. By using Chang’e-6 task as an example. C. By using a German scientist’s words. D. By listing information from the new maps. 36. What does “It” in the last paragraph refer to(指代)? A. Scientific support. B. The lunar research. C. Effort from researchers. D. Compiling the atlas. Passage 12（2024·河南中考） An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming. Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming. If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day! 11. What is the old saying about? A. The beauty of sunrise. B. The night sky. C. The signs of the weather. D. The sailors’ work. 12. What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean? A. The persons who give daily weather reports on TV. B. The persons who carry out research on natural history. C. The persons who take an interest in plants and animals. D. The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions. 13. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By listing the reasons for terrible weather. B. By telling a true story about weather forecasting. C. By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather. D. By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather. 14. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places. B. The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air. C. Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure. D. It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise. 15. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage people to get close to nature. B. To express the need for weather forecasting. C. To explain nature can tell us about the weather. D. To discuss how important weather forecasting is. Passage 13（2024·山东滨州） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 36. Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A. Cao Cao. B. Li Bai. C. Tao Yuanming. D. Cao Zhi. 37. What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A. ①②③ B. ①④ C. ②③④ D. ②③ 38. According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B. The long history of Zigong lanterns. C. The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D. The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 39. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. People in Zigong. B. Zigong lanterns. C. The makers of Zigong lanterns. D. Many museums. 40. Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A. B. C. D. Passage 14（2024·白云区期末试题） Even after 10 p.m., a video meeting between a group of students is still going strong. For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students. An eight-hour video, posted in March, shows the self-study rooms of many top Chinese universities. These rooms have become a warm place for people who enjoy a good learning atmosphere. “At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,” said Yue Yetu, who started an online steam. “It amazed me that over 150 people were online at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, most of whom were preparing for their examinations. Greatly motivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study room running. “They don’t have to turn on the cameras in the room. However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted.” Yue said. Yue also set up a chat group, where dozens of members shared their learning process and ups and downs in life. “I received a lot of support from it, and I was deeply moved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. To Yue, her virtual self-study room has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space. 37. What is the virtual self-study room like for the students who are devoted to self-study? A. It is a place where they can socialize with friends. B. It is a library where they can find resources and study quietly. C. It is a platform where they can watch videos and take online courses. D. It is an online marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials. 38. Why did Yue Yetu start an online study stream? A. To find a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. B. To create a platform for people to share their learning process. C. To provide a space for people to discuss their ups and downs in life. D. To encourage people to turn on their cameras during the virtual meetings. 39. Why do many participants prefer to turn on their webcams during the virtual meetings? A. To show off their appearance and impress others. B. To have face-to-face conversations with other participants. C. To remind themselves not lo be distracted while studying. D. To share their learning progress with others through video recordings. 40. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the low light in her virtual self-study room? A. She realized that the virtual self-study room should be open 24 hours a day. B. She realized that she needed to improve the lighting in her own study room. C. She realized that she should start offering one-on-one tutoring sessions in the virtual self-study room. D. She realized the importance of creating such an online space for people to learn together. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年九年级上期期末考点大串讲（牛津版） 专题9阅读理解（说明文，议论文） 【试题猜想】 （摘自21世纪英语报） Say hello to future you! Imagine being able to talk to your future self and get to know what your life might be like years from now. A new online chat platform (平台) called Future You has made this possible. Future You was created by scientists from different research institutes (机构), including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US. Powered by AI, the program begins by asking users questions about their personalities, current lives and future plans. It then uses this information as “memories” to create a simulation (模拟) of the user at the age of 60. This allows users to ask questions and get advice for the future from “themselves”. The platform can also produce a photo for each user, showing how they might look at age 60. “The system makes the simulation very realistic (逼真的). Future You is much more detailed than what a person could come up with by just imagining their future selves,” said Pattie Maes, a MIT scientist who worked on the program. According to the platform’s official website, Future You is designed to “help users develop more long-term thinking” by improving their “future self-continuity” (未来自我连续性). This term describes how connected a person feels to his or her future self. The stronger the connection, the more likely a person is to make decisions that benefit their long-term well-being, in areas such as money, education, or health. The scientists tested Future You on 344 volunteers. Those who interacted with Future You for 10 to 30 minutes felt less anxious (焦虑的) and more motivated (有动力的) about the uncertain nature of the future compared to those who chatted with a general AI or only filled out surveys. However, Future You has its limits. “It is not clear whether people have done anything different [or] changed their behavior (行为) as a result of interacting with their future self,” Ivo Vlaev from the UK’s University of Warwick told Euronews. In addition, the AI program can only offer a look into one possible future, rather than make various predictions. At the end of the day, “it’s all a big pretend”, noted an article in Forbes. We shouldn’t take Future You’s words as completely true.     1. What do paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly talk about? A. The role MIT played in Future You. B. The AI technology used in Future You. C. The creation and features of Future You. D. The development background of Future You. 2. What is the main purpose of Future You, according to the official website? A. To predict future events. B. To reduce users’ stresses in life. C. To help users plan for a better future. D. To connect users with others. 3. How did the volunteers feel after interacting with Future You? A. More realistic about their limitations. B. Less satisfied with their current lives. C. More confident in their past decisions. D. Less worried and more driven about the future. 4. What is a limitation of Future You mentioned in the text? A. It can only show one possible future. B. It may lead to dependency on AI. C. It gives overly optimistic predictions. D. It only works for a specific age group. 【答案】CCDA 【解析】介绍了 Future You 平台的创建、特点、目的及局限性和志愿者测试情况。 1.C第二段主要讲述了 Future You 的创建过程，包括由不同研究机构的科学家创建，以及它如何通过询问用户信息来创建 60 岁用户的模拟等；第三段讲述了这个平台还能为用户生成照片以及这个模拟很逼真等特点。所以这两段主要是关于 Future You 的创建和特点，A 选项 MIT 在其中的作用只是部分内容；B 选项 AI 技术只是创建过程中的一部分，不是两段主要内容；D 选项发展背景文章未提及，所以选 C。 2.C根据文章第四段 “According to the platform’s official website, Future You is designed to ‘help users develop more long - term thinking’ by improving their ‘future self - continuity’” 可知，其目的是帮助用户发展更长远的思考，也就是帮助用户规划更好的未来，A 选项预测未来事件不是官网提到的主要目的；B 选项减少生活压力不是官网提到的目的；D 选项连接用户和其他人文章未提及，所以选 C。 3.D 文章第五段提到 “Those who interacted with Future You for 10 to 30 minutes felt less anxious (焦虑的) and more motivated (有动力的) about the uncertain nature of the future”，即与 Future You 互动后的志愿者对未来的不确定性感到更不焦虑且更有动力，A 选项关于自身局限性更现实文章未提及；B 选项对当前生活更不满意文章未提及；C 选项对过去的决定更有信心文章未提及，所以选 D。 4. A文章最后一段提到 “the AI program can only offer a look into one possible future, rather than make various predictions”，即它只能展示一种可能的未来，这是它的一个局限性，B 选项导致对 AI 的依赖文章未提及；C 选项给出过于乐观的预测文章未提及；D 选项只对特定年龄组有效文章未提及，所以选 A。 【真题演练】 Passage 1（2024· 广雅中学三模） In the past 10 years, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight. A key feature (特征) of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends (趋向，动向) come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. Short video apps such as TikTok, also known as Douyin, took the world by storm. TikTok was once ranked 8th on app stores, and Douyin had more than 300 million monthly active users. Why are these short videos so popular? Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CBC. These videos, apart from being very convenient, are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue. Liza Koshy, a user of the app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another attractive feature.” However, the quick development of social media may be having bad effects too. Fake (虚假的) news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds. 37. What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean? A. Being changeable. B. Being valuable. C. Being comfortable. D. Being international. 38. According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular? A. They are very convenient. B. They help people kill time. C. They provide a sense of community. D. They allow people to express themselves. 39. What do we know about social media? A. Watching short videos is the most popular way of our life. B. People can’t communicate with each other without social media. C. There is still much room for social media to make improvement. D. Taking short videos is the best way for teenagers to express themselves. 40. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage? A. Short video apps will take the world by storm in the future. B. Social media can help you turn into celebrities very quickly. C. People can share any interesting materials on the platforms without checking. D. It’s wise to think carefully over the time and the effect when we use social media. 【答案】37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 【解析】 本文主要讲述了短视频软件的流行原因以及社交媒体存在的弊端。 37. 词义猜测题。根据“Trends (趋向，动向) come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.”可知，社交媒体的一个主要特点是它变化无常，某种趋势很快出现又很快消失，由此可知“volatility”的意思为“changeable”，表示“变化无常的”。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据“he sense of community that users of short video apps get is another attractive feature.”可知，Liza Koshy认为短视频软件受用户欢迎的原因是它可以让用户有社区的归属感。故选C。 39. 推理判断题。根据“However, the quick development of social media may be having bad effects too. Fake (虚假的) news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms can be false and can mislead users one way or another.”可知，社交媒体发展迅速，但也带来一些副作用，如虚假消息会误导用户，由此推知社交媒体还有很大的提升空间。故选C。 40. 推理判断题。根据“We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds.”并结合全文内容可知，社交媒体会有一些负面影响，所以作者是想告诉我们要理智地使用社交媒体。故选D。 Passage 2（2024· 广州实验中学三模） Although we often hear about driverless cars, it is still not clear when we will be able to buy one to make those long boring road trips a lot easier. Let’s take a look at why. What driverless technology is in use now? The idea of a driverless car dates back to 1939! However, we are not sure what driverless technology can and can’t do. When most people think of driverless cars, they think of sitting back in their car and reading a book while the car does all the work and gets them to where they want to go. In fact, that kind of technology is many years away. At the moment, our car can help control the direction, but our attention must still be on the road. Before smarter technology becomes popular, people will need to deal with a lot of problems, such as getting the car to understand the road signs and allowing cars to “connect” to one another. In this way, all cars can be aware of what is happening around them. What problems are driverless cars facing? There are a few reasons why driverless cars may take some time to come to fruition. Although AI and driverless skills have developed for a long time, AI still isn’t as smart as a human brain when something happens suddenly. Driverless technology needs to be able to deal with some accidents before it can become truly popular. Online attack is also a kind of danger. Hackers（黑客）could get into your car and take control of your car, using their skills to either steal your car or even hurt you. Our technology must be safe before we give too much trust in driverless cars. Driverless cars could actually make the air pollution worse. If people are able to sleep or work in their cars, there will be even less reason to get public transport（公共交通）. Unless driverless cars are all powered by clean energy, the planet won’t be better with more driverless cars. 30. About driverless cars, the writer agrees that ________. A. we can buy some in the near future. B. they were first invented in the 21st century. C. hackers will surely operate our cars through the Internet. D. the drivers still have to pay their attention on the road for now. 31. The following phrase “________” has the same meaning as the underlined phrase “come to fruition” in Paragraph 3. A. come into use B. run free C. set off D. take place 32. According to the passage, driverless cars are facing the problems EXCEPT ________. A. air pollution B. high price C. online attacks D. AI technology 33. How does the writer organize the article? A. B. C. D. 【答案】30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车目前还面临很多需要解决的问题。 30. 细节理解题。根据文中“In fact, that kind of technology is many years away. At the moment, our car can help control the direction, but our attention must still be on the road.”可知，作者认为目前司机仍需在路上集中注意力。故选D。 31. 词句猜测题。根据下文“Although AI and driverless skills have developed for a long time, AI still isn’t as smart as a human brain when something happens suddenly. Driverless technology needs to be able to deal with some accidents before it can become truly popular.”可知，虽然AI和无人驾驶技能已经发展了很长时间，但当突然发生一些事情时，AI仍然不如人脑聪明。无人驾驶技术需要能够处理一些事故，才能真正普及，可猜测出，无人驾驶汽车要投入使用的话还需要一段时间，故下划线短语的意思应是：投入使用，和come into use含义相同。故选A。 32. 推理判断题。根据文中“Although AI and driverless skills have developed for a long time, AI still isn’t as smart as a human brain when something happens suddenly；Online attack is also a kind of danger；Driverless cars could actually make the air pollution worse.”可推理出，无人驾驶汽车面临的问题不包括价格高。故选B。 33. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出了文章要讨论的问题：无人驾驶汽车；接下来分两个方面介绍：现在使用的无人驾驶技术；无人驾驶汽车面临的问题；第四、五和六段回答无人驾驶汽车面临的问题。故文章的结构应是如B图所示。故选B。 Passage 3（2024· 华南师大附中三模） Many educators fear students will use the artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write their reports or cheat on homework. But other teachers are including it in the classroom. Donnie Piercey is a teacher in Lexington, Kentucky. He told his 23 5th﹣grade students to try and beat the tool that was creating writing tasks. Piercey says his job is to prepare students for a world where knowledge of Al will be required. He describes ChatGPT as just the newest technology in his 17 years of teaching that caused worry about the possibility of cheating. “As educators, we haven’t worked out the best way to use AI yet,” he added. “But it’s coming, whether we want it to or not.” One lesson in his class was a writing game between students and the machine. Piercey asked students to “Find the Bot.” Each student wrote a short report about boxer Muhammad Ali. Then they tried to find out which was written by ChatGPT. After playing “Find the Bot.” Piercey asked his class what skills it helped them learn. “How to properly summarize and correctly capitalize words and use commas.” said one student. Another student felt that sentences written by students “have a little more feeling...more flavor.” Students Laksi and McCormick, both 10, said they could see the good and bad parts of working with chatbots. They can help students who have trouble putting their thoughts into writing. McCormick said students could use it for suggestions, but should not use it to do all the work. “You shouldn’t take advantage of it,” McCormick said. “You’re not learning anything if you type in what you want, and then it gives you the answer.” 29. Which opinion will Donnie Piercey possibly agree with? A. The best way to use AI is to put it in classroom. B. Students should not use AI for all tasks. C. Students should be prepared to live with AI. D. AI is the best tool to help with students’ learning. 30. In the game “Find the Bot”, students learned some skills that can be provided by AI EXCEPT ________. A. summarizing given texts properly B. capitalizing words correctly C. correct use of commas D. adding more flavor to sentences 31. ChatGPT is NOT suitable for students who ________. A. totally depend on chatbots B. search for some suggestions C. want to learn something with it D. have difficulty expressing thoughts in writing 32. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? ________ A. Environment. B. History. C. Travel. D. Science. 【答案】29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人工智能工具ChatGPT在美国学校不同受众之间的反映及看法。 29. 细节理解题。根据“But it’s coming, whether we want it to or not.”可知，Donnie Piercey认为AI的存在是不可避免的，学生们应该做好与人工智能共存的准备。故选C。 30. 细节理解题。根据“ Piercey asked his class what skills it helped them learn. ‘How to properly summarize and correctly capitalize words and use commas.’ said one student. Another student felt that sentences written by students ‘have a little more feeling...more flavor.’”可知，另一名学生认为学生写的句子更有感觉……更多的味道，而不是AI。故选D。 31. 细节理解题。根据“McCormick said students could use it for suggestions, but should not use it to do all the work”可知，ChatGPT不适合做所有的工作。故选A。 32. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Many educators fear students will use the artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write their reports or cheat on homework. But other teachers are including it in the classroom.”结合全文可知，本文主要内容是关于人工智能，属于科学类。故选D。 Passage 4（2023-24·广州海珠区期末） Everyone feels stressed sometimes. Maybe you have a family situation that needs extra time and attention. Maybe you have a hard time with your friends or classmates. Maybe you are ill or don’t do well in your studies. So what can you do when you feel angry, worried and stressed about the things that are out of your control? I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life. Exercise One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving. You can do sports or just take a walk. One of the benefits of exercising is that you will all feel calmer and happier afterwards. Smile Smiling and laughing can make you relaxed. A good joke with a friend, a good movie with your family or just smiling at the sunshine work well. Listen to music Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the music you like. It’s usually more effective when you choose something quiet. Listen to music that makes you feel relaxed and calm. Do some reading Reading is also a good way to fight against stress. Any book that gives a good, positive message about the world or the people in it can help you feel better. Be close to nature Go out and smell the fresh air. Can you hear the birds singing and feeling the gentle wind on your skin? Bring your peaceful scene to mind the next time you are feeling annoyed. Your stress will be released by nature. Be grateful There is always something you can be thankful for. Sometimes it is as simple as the breakfast your mom makes for you. Think about all the things that are good in your life. Positive thinking brings you more good things to feel good about. Next time you face stress, don’t worry. Just think about the above tips, give yourself time alone or with the people you love. Remember: a good mood brings you a healthy body. 30. What’s the purpose of writing this article? A. To help people relax themselves. B. To tell people what a healthy life is. C. To give tips on having a strong body. D. To show ways of solving problems. 31. Lucy was sad because she broke her leg and had to stay in bed for a few weeks. What better advice would you give her? ①Exercise. ②Smile. ③Listen to music. ④Do some reading. ⑤Be close to nature. ⑥Be grateful. A. ①④⑥ B. ①⑤⑥ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤ 32. In which part of a newspaper can you read this article? A. Sports B. Life C. Fashion D. Travel 33. Which of the following probably matches the writer’s opinion? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. The early bird catches the worms. C. In time of danger, one’s mind works fast. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 【答案】30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何在面对压力时如何应对和管理，帮助人们放松自己。重点介绍了运动、微笑、听音乐、阅读、接近大自然和感恩等五种帮助人们减压的方法。 30. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life.”可知，写这篇文章的目的是帮助人们放松自己。故选A。 31. 推理判断题。由题干可知，Lucy腿受伤需要卧床休息几周，她可以微笑、听音乐或者阅读来放松自己。腿受伤就不能锻炼、亲近自然和感恩。所以，②③④符合语境。故选C。 32. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法。由此可知，在报纸的生活版块里可以读到本文。故选B。 33. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法，由此可知，选项D“只工作不玩，聪明的孩子也会变成傻子。”符合作者的观点。故选D。 Passage 5（2023-24·番禺区期末统考） Last month, calls were made to raise the taxes for sugary drinks. This shows growing worry over the amount of sugar that kids are taking in through cola, juices and other beverages (饮料), a new study has found that one in five children did not drink any water on a given day and that those kids took in more calories (卡路里) from sweetened beverages than kids who did drink water.     The study surveyed on 8, 400 children across the country between the ages of 2 and 19. Researchers found that around 20 percent of children are reported drinking no water throughout the day. And they took in almost twice as many calories than kids who did drink some water. Overall, the children drank 132 calories of colas and other sugary beverages per day. That number dropped to 112 calories if they drank any water. But kids who didn’t drink any water at all took in an average of 210 calories from sweetened drinks. This can cause a lot of problems. “Those calories don’t provide much nutrition (营养) and they can add up,” according to professor Asher, a scientist in public health. Sugary drinks have been linked to a number of diseases, such as childhood obesity, dental problems and high cholesterol. “I’ve seen 6-year-olds with high cholesterol and teenagers with Type 2 diabetes,” said Natalie, a doctor for children. “These are diseases we used to see in their grandparents.” “Kids should take in water every single day, and the first beverage choice for kids should be water,” according to Natalie. “Because if they’re not drinking water, like sugar-sweetened beverages, that are less healthy and have more calories.” Adults should take up their responsibility to encourage kids to drink water so that they don’t take in something less healthful. And things need to be done to ensure childhood health. 34. What can we learn about children’s water drinking from the survey? A. Each of the children took in 210 calories per day. B. Most of the children drank enough water every day. C. Children who drank less water would take in more calories. D. The children who drank water took in twice as many calories. 35. How does the writer support his idea in paragraph 3? A. By showing opinions from experts. B. By listing numbers from a survey. C. By comparing interesting facts. D. By telling stories from grandparents. 36. What would probably happen to children who drink sweetened beverages instead of water? A. They would lose weight. B. They would have health problems. C. They would live a happy life. D. They would have more nutrition. 37. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To describe the harm of sweetened beverages. B. To compare water with sweetened beverages. C. To suggest some ways to help children live a healthier life. D. To introduce the importance of water drinking among children. 【答案】34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子们饮水的重要性。 34. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Overall, the children drank 132 calories of colas and other sugary beverages per day. That number dropped to 112 calories if they drank any water.”可知，喝水少的孩子会摄入更多的卡路里。故选C。 35. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Those calories don’t provide much nutrition (营养) and they can add up,’ according to professor Asher, a scientist in public health.”以及“‘I’ve seen 6-year-olds with high cholesterol and teenagers with Type 2 diabetes,’ said Natalie, a doctor for children. ‘These are diseases we used to see in their grandparents.’”可知，第三段作者通过展示专家的意见来支持自己的观点。故选A。 36. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Those calories don’t provide much nutrition (营养) and they can add up,’ according to professor Asher, a scientist in public health.”以及“‘I’ve seen 6-year-olds with high cholesterol and teenagers with Type 2 diabetes,’ said Natalie, a doctor for children. ‘These are diseases we used to see in their grandparents.’”可知，喝加糖饮料而不喝水的孩子可能会有健康问题。故选B。 37. 主旨大意题。通读全文及文章最后一段中的“Adults should take up their responsibility to encourage kids to drink water so that they don’t take in something less healthful. And things need to be done to ensure childhood health.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们饮水的重要性，D项符合。故选D。 Passage 6（2023-24·荔湾区期末统考） Every day, one in five parents in the UK share a photo of their children on social media (社交媒体). It is a great way for friends and family to keep up to date with each other’s lives, some people think that children should have a say in whether pictures of themselves are posted online. So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not? Some people think parents should always ask first. Parents may do this for good, but anything posted online may remain there forever. These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with. Children should have control of their own photos. Even if the parent thinks it is a nice picture, the children may not agree. Also, they may not want their friends to know what they have been doing in the holidays or who they are spending time with. For those who hold an opposite opinion, parents are able to decide what is best for their children. They share photos with people they know and trust. Social media is a great way to keep in touch with people and find out what family and friends are up to. Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden. Parents also select photos that won’t be awkward to the children because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others. It’s a great way to make memories, too. Since most people don’t keep printed photos in albums, social media is the perfect place to store them instead. 37. Why don’t children want their photos to be shared by parents online? A. Children disagree to share the photos with all the friends. B. Children dislike to share their holidays with their friends. C. Parents don’t show the real names of their children online. D. Parents don’t know how to print the online photos in albums. 38. What does the underlined “awkward” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A. Embarrassing. B. Amazing. C. Boring. D. Pleasing. 39. When may students allow parents to post the photos of them according to the passage? A. When their personal information is protected. B. When all the family members are in the photos. C. When the photos are easy to draw others’ attention. D. When every friend of the parents’ can see the photos. 40. What is this passage about? A. Teaching parents how to post photos online. B. Making the children understand their parents. C. Discussing who has the final say about photos posting online. D. Talking about the problems between parents and their children. 【答案】37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C 【导语】本文主要论述了谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上。 37. 推理判断题。根据文中“These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with.”可知，孩子并不想和所有朋友分享，故选A。 38. 词义猜测题。根据文中“because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others.”可知，几乎每个孩子都喜欢给别人留下好印象，所以父母会选择不会让孩子尴尬的照片，awkward应意为“尴尬的”，与Embarrassing同义，故选A。 39. 细节理解题。根据文中“They share photos with people they know and trust.…Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden.”可知，如果他们的个人信息被保护的话，学生会同意父母上传他们的照片，故选A。 40. 主旨大意题。根据文中“So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not?”可知，本文主要讨论谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上，故选C。 Passage 7（2023-24·深圳福田区期末） One of my favorite inventions in recent years is face unlocking. Without needing to lift my fingers and type in the numbers, I can get straight into my phone with just a look. Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the “passkey”! Passkeys turn your phone into something a bit like a wallet, which you can use to store membership cards to all of your apps and services. When you need to log in to a website, you’ll just have to tap a button on your phone and your passkey wallet will let you in without any worry. And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same “biometric (生物统计)” check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged. Passkeys won’t just save us from having to remember passwords but, perhaps logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called “public key” cryptography (密码) which is one of the building blocks of the Internet — and is how computers have securely communicated with other computers for so many years. To put it simply, it works a bit like a key, instead of a password. With a password, the website has to keep a database (数据库) of everyone’s passwords to check against when you log in. But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock, ★ . I think it’s a really clever idea, and that passkeys are going to make our digital lives even safer. So, next time you’re complaining that you can’t remember your password, don’t worry too much. It won’t always be like this! 36. The writer explains how the passkeys work by ________. A. giving examples B. listing numbers C. raising questions D. comparing similar things 37. The underlined word “forged” in paragraph 3 means ________. A. copied B. printed C. canceled D. recorded 38. The passkeys are much safer than passwords because of ________. A. biometric check B. cryptography technology C. blocks of Internet D. secure communication 39. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. but your phone is safer B. so you won’t forget the key C. or it will remember the key D. and only your phone will have the key 40. The passage is written to ________. A. show passkeys are safer than passwords B. introduce science development C. report the invention of face unlocking D. describe digital lives 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了新技术——密钥登录。它将取代密码，且比密码更安全。 36. 细节理解题。根据第1段“One of my favorite inventions in recent years...there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the ‘passkey’!”可知，作者通过比较类似的东西来解释密钥是如何工作的，故选D。 37. 词义猜测题。根据第3段“And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same ‘biometric (生物统计)’ check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged.”可知，此处表示面部扫描或不易被伪造的指纹，所以与“copied”的意思相同，都是“复制的”。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据第4段“logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called ‘public key’ cryptography”可知，由于加密技术，密钥比密码安全得多，故选B。 39. 推理判断题。根据第5段“But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock,”可知，提到“当您在网站上创建帐户时，它将有效地创建新的锁和钥匙。网站将保持锁定”，此处应说“只有你的手机才会有钥匙”符合题意，D选项可以放入★处，故选D。 40. 主旨大意题。根据第1段“Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the ‘passkey’!”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新技术——密钥登录。它将取代密码，且比密码更安全。作者认为密钥让我们的数字生活更安全。因此写这篇文章是为了表明密钥比密码更安全，故选A。 Passage 8（2023-24·深圳罗浮区期末） Some of the world’s most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to live. “Once we spread out into space and build independent colonies (殖民地), our future should be safe,” he said. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example, about the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. ★ Terraforming means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth’s. One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about -60 °C. One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries. However, it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants, resulting in more air that people can breathe. Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before “returning to Earth” recently. It was a 1, 200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano (火山) and used the sun for energy. Christiane Heinicke, one of the people who lived there, said that one of the biggest problems was feeling bored. Another important finding was that the people living together should all be able to get along and work together. One particular organization based in Europe is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030. However, many experts think the project’s cost of $6 billion is too low for it to be successful. The American space agency NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about $100 billion, although this estimate (估价) is based on bringing them back to Earth, too. Anyway, it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe. 36. Paragraph 1 mainly focuses on ________. A. how we can move to another planet B. why we work on moving to Mars C. when we will move to Mars D. where the Mars is 37. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. However, scientists need to terraform Mars for people to live. B. And people are trying to send the people to Mars. C. But scientists can’t do anything about this. D. However, it is not easy to move to Mars. 38. According to paragraph 3, scientists care about _______. A. the cost of moving to Mars B. the energy on Mars C. the physical quality of people D. the food on Mars 39. The underlined word “them” refers to ________. A. humans B. scientists C. planets D. cost 40. What can we learn from the passage? A. The temperature on Mars is 60 degrees above zero. B. It is sure to send the first humans to Mars after 2030. C. $6 billion is enough to send people to Mars. D. Moving to Mars would be good for mankind. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对未来人类移民火星的一些设想和担忧。 36. 主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，本段主要讲述人类移民火星的原因。故选B。 37. 推理判断题。根据下文“Terraforming means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth’s.”可知，此处引出Terraforming一词，所以A项正确。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body.”可知，科学家们关注的另一大问题是，人类能否前往火星，并保持身心健康。故选C。 39. 词句猜测题，根据最后一段中的“NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about $100 billion, although this estimate (估价) is based on bringing them back to Earth, too.”可知，美国国家航空航天局认为，将人们送上火星将花费约1000亿美元，尽管这一估价也是基于将他们带回地球，所以划线词指代前面的“people”，所以A项符合。故选A。 40. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Once we spread out into space and build independent colonies (殖民地), our future should be safe”可知，移民火星对人类有好处。故选D。 Passage 9（2023-24·深圳南实集团期中） Every week, Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student, will wait at a store selling food nearing its expiration date (保质期), and return to school with a bag of snacks. “These products are usually sold at 30% to 50% off and many of them are from big brands. I’m really a big fan of them,” she said. Wu is among a growing number of young Chinese who buy near-expired food. According to a report by iiMedia Research, China’s near-expired food market went beyond 30 billion yuan in 2020 and 47.8 percent of the consumers were aged 26 to 35. Unlike the traditional thought that buying such food is penny-pinching (吝啬的) or embarrassing, more and more young people like Wu regard it as a way to help reduce food waste. “I don’t care much about the date, as long as I can eat them before their expiration dates. It meets my needs while saving resources and protecting the environment, which is a good thing,” says Wu. Physical stores (实体店) selling near-expired food have sprung up (突然兴起) in cities across China. HotMaxx, a chain store that opened in 2020 in major Chinese cities, has increased to more than 200 in number across the country. Online shops selling such food are growing rapidly, too. On Taobao, around 2.1 million people buy near-expired food every year. From a food safety standpoint(观点), which may concern many consumers, experts believe that such products won’t do any harm. “Near-expired food is safe and buying these products is a good practice to help prevent waste of resources, which should be encouraged,” says Zhou Yu, a professor of food nutrition (营养) and safety at Anhui Agricultural University. 16. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean? A. I am crazy about snacks. B. I like this store very much. C. I like buying near-expired food. D. I’m in love with products from big brands. 17. The author mentioned the report by iiMedia Research to show ________. A. near-expired food is very popular with all customers B. young people are the main buyers of such food C. near-expired food was the best seller in 2020 D. there will be a bigger market for the food 18. According to Wu, buying near-expired food is a way to ________. ①save money                    ②save resources ③protect the environment          ④encourage the development of stores A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 19. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Experts does not believe that near-expired food is safe and won’t do any harm. B. Most of the consumers who buy near-expired food are elders aiming at saving money. C. HotMaxx has increased to more than 200 stores in a year. D. The amount of consumers buying near-expired food is still increasing. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. Success of the near-expired food business. B. Advantages of buying near-expired food. C. A safer shopping choice. D. Good taste, no waste. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. D 【解析】 本文主要讲述了临期食品越来越受到年轻人的喜爱，它们不仅物美价廉，还有助于减少粮食的浪费，专家认为，临期食品不会给人们带来伤害，所以可以放心食用。 16. 词句猜测题。根据“Every week, Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student, will wait at a store selling food nearing its expiration date (保质期), and return to school with a bag of snacks.”可知，吴林每周排队购买一大袋子临期食物，可知他很喜欢买临期食品，推测划线句表示“我喜欢买临期的食物”。故选C。 17. 推理判断题。根据“According to a report by iiMedia Research, China’s near-expired food market went beyond 30 billion yuan in 2020 and 47.8 percent of the consumers were aged 26 to 35.”可知，2020年中国近过期食品市场规模超过300亿元，47.8%的消费者年龄在26至35岁之间，所以他们是临期食品的消费主力军。故选B。 18. 细节理解题。根据“These products are usually sold at 30% to 50% off”和“It meets my needs while saving resources and protecting the environment”可知，购买临期食品可以省钱，节约资源和保护环境。故选A。 19. 推理判断题。根据“Physical stores (实体店) selling near-expired food have sprung up (突然兴起) in cities across China. ...Online shops selling such food are growing rapidly, too. On Taobao, around 2.1 million people buy near-expired food every year.”可知，销售临期食品的实体店、网店都在增加，在淘宝上每年约有210万人购买临期食品。由此可知，购买临期食品的消费者数量仍在增加。故选D。 20. 最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了临期食品越来越受到年轻人的喜爱以及购买临期食品的好处。综合选项可知，最佳标题为D选项“味道好，不浪费”。故选D。 Passage 10（2023-24·广大附中） When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn’t have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening. Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn’t bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected. Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult — you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it’s impossible to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. It’s for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging. Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily on luck and the external (外部的) environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out. 37. You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ________. A. buy expensive shoes B. order a delicious meal C. talk with friends for new ideas D. sit quietly in front of a television 38. What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage? A. Enjoyment grows out of pleasure. B. Pleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand. C. Pleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones. D. Some experiences provide both pleasure and enjoyment. 39. The words “psychic energy” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A. attention B. interest C. ability D. knowledge 40. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. feeling pleasure stops people from achieving growth B. feeling enjoyment comes with achieving growth C. a worthy life depends on luck and environment D. pleasure is the key to a happy and worthy life 【答案】37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B 【解析】 本文主要讲述了快乐和享受的联系和对比。 37. 推理判断题。根据“Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had.”可知打一场能提高一个人能力的网球是令人愉快的，就像读一本从新的角度看待事物的书一样，就像进行一场能让我们表达自己不知道自己拥有的想法的谈话一样。由此推出当你和朋友谈论新想法时，你很可能会体验到乐趣。故选C。 38. 细节理解题。根据“Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different.”可知有些经历既能带来愉悦，又能带来享受。故选D。 39. 词义猜测题。根据“As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention.”可知正如这个例子所表明的，我们可以在没有任何精神能量的情况下体验快乐，而享受只有在全神贯注的情况下才会发生。psychic energy与attention意思相近。故选A。 40. 观点态度题。根据“Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement.”以及“Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging.”可知作者会赞成“感到快乐与得到成长是相辅相成的”这一观点。故选B。 Passage 11（2024·江苏常州中考） ①China published the world’s first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas (地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information for future lunar research and exploration. ②“These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations,” Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known lunar scientist, said. “They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like Mars.” ③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. “As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,” said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher. ④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China’s Chang’e Program. Information from other research projects and international tasks was also used. ⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5 million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构) and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked. ⑥This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education. Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. “Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,” he explained. ⑦“Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers,” said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. “It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.” 33. What is the great value of the new atlas? A. It is the first lunar geologic atlas in the world. B. It proves the hard work of Chinese scientists. C. It will meet the future needs in lunar studies. D. It is built on information from many researches. 34. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The large size and mystery of the moon. B. The discovery of Chang’e Program. C. The details of the new geologic atlas. D. The challenges the scientists face. 35. How does the writer prove “This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes”? A. By comparing different purposes. B. By using Chang’e-6 task as an example. C. By using a German scientist’s words. D. By listing information from the new maps. 36. What does “It” in the last paragraph refer to(指代)? A. Scientific support. B. The lunar research. C. Effort from researchers. D. Compiling the atlas. 【答案】33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 【解析】 本文主要介绍了中国发布的世界上首个高清晰度月球地质图集及其重要性。 33. 推理判断题。根据“However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. ‘As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,’”可知，旧的月球地质图集已经不能满足未来的需求，而新的图集将满足未来月球研究的需求。故选C。 34. 主旨大意题。根据“Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020…impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked”可知，第五段主要介绍了新地质图集的详细信息。故选C。 35. 推理判断题。根据“Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. ‘Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,’”可知，作者通过使用嫦娥六号任务作为例子来证明“这个图集将有很多有用的用途”。故选B。 36. 词句猜测题。根据“‘Compiling the atlas was a huge task… ‘It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.’”可知，It指代的是“Compiling the atlas编制图集”。故选D。 Passage 12（2024·河南中考） An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming. Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming. If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day! 11. What is the old saying about? A. The beauty of sunrise. B. The night sky. C. The signs of the weather. D. The sailors’ work. 12. What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean? A. The persons who give daily weather reports on TV. B. The persons who carry out research on natural history. C. The persons who take an interest in plants and animals. D. The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions. 13. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By listing the reasons for terrible weather. B. By telling a true story about weather forecasting. C. By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather. D. By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather. 14. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places. B. The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air. C. Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure. D. It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise. 15. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage people to get close to nature. B. To express the need for weather forecasting. C. To explain nature can tell us about the weather. D. To discuss how important weather forecasting is. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。 11. 细节理解题。根据“A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.”可知，日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去，因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语是关于天气的迹象，故选C。 12. 词句猜测题。根据“But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前).”可知，提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家，故选D。 13. 细节理解题。根据“In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. ... Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.”可知，希腊人利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测，也可以看一下智能手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点，故选C。 14. 细节理解题。根据“Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air.”可知，闻闻花——它们的气味在潮湿的空气中更强烈。故选B。 15. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选C。 Passage 13（2024·山东滨州） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 36. Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A. Cao Cao. B. Li Bai. C. Tao Yuanming. D. Cao Zhi. 37. What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A. ①②③ B. ①④ C. ②③④ D. ②③ 38. According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B. The long history of Zigong lanterns. C. The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D. The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 39. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. People in Zigong. B. Zigong lanterns. C. The makers of Zigong lanterns. D. Many museums. 40. Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要四川自贡的盛大灯会以及灯笼制作人Wan Songtao。 36. 细节理解题。根据“The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty.”可知，自贡灯笼节追溯到唐朝，四个选项中只有李白是唐朝诗人，故选B。 37. 推理判断题。根据“Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps”可知，制作一个用于展览的巨型灯笼需要17个步骤，这并不容易。根据“The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process”可知，自贡制作灯笼的工人们在一个团队里一起工作，根据“Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography”可知，自贡的灯笼与其他地方的不同，故选C。 38. 主旨大意题。根据“What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways.”可知，第三段主要介绍了灯笼的主题，故选A。 39. 词义猜测题。根据“Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries”可知，在整个城市的共同努力下，自贡灯笼已经到达了80多个国家，所以they指代“Zigong lanterns”，故选B。 40. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文主题，第二段介绍了灯笼的制作步骤，第三段介绍了灯笼的主题，最后一段介绍了政府的大力支持以及人们对于自贡灯笼前景展望，属于总——分的结构，故选B。 Passage 14（2024·白云区期末试题） Even after 10 p.m., a video meeting between a group of students is still going strong. For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students. An eight-hour video, posted in March, shows the self-study rooms of many top Chinese universities. These rooms have become a warm place for people who enjoy a good learning atmosphere. “At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,” said Yue Yetu, who started an online steam. “It amazed me that over 150 people were online at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, most of whom were preparing for their examinations. Greatly motivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study room running. “They don’t have to turn on the cameras in the room. However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted.” Yue said. Yue also set up a chat group, where dozens of members shared their learning process and ups and downs in life. “I received a lot of support from it, and I was deeply moved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. To Yue, her virtual self-study room has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space. 37. What is the virtual self-study room like for the students who are devoted to self-study? A. It is a place where they can socialize with friends. B. It is a library where they can find resources and study quietly. C. It is a platform where they can watch videos and take online courses. D. It is an online marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials. 38. Why did Yue Yetu start an online study stream? A. To find a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. B. To create a platform for people to share their learning process. C. To provide a space for people to discuss their ups and downs in life. D. To encourage people to turn on their cameras during the virtual meetings. 39. Why do many participants prefer to turn on their webcams during the virtual meetings? A. To show off their appearance and impress others. B. To have face-to-face conversations with other participants. C. To remind themselves not lo be distracted while studying. D. To share their learning progress with others through video recordings. 40. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the low light in her virtual self-study room? A. She realized that the virtual self-study room should be open 24 hours a day. B. She realized that she needed to improve the lighting in her own study room. C. She realized that she should start offering one-on-one tutoring sessions in the virtual self-study room. D. She realized the importance of creating such an online space for people to learn together. 【答案】37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】本文介绍虚拟自习室的流行及它存在的意义。 37.细节理解题。根据“”For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students.可知，虚拟自习室就像一个图书馆，供人在那里安静地学习。故选B。 38.细节理解题。根据“At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,”可知，最初只是找到搭档一起学习备考。故选A。 39.细节理解题。根据“However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted”提醒不要分心。故选C。 40.细节理解题。根据“On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space.”可知意识到了做件事的意义。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$