专题03 阅读理解20篇【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（译林版2020）

专题03 阅读理解20篇(考题猜想) 译林牛津选择必修第一册Unit3-4，选择必修第二册, 选择必修第三册Unit 1-2 话题1：美术与摄影 A (24-25高二上·浙江·期中)Born in Sudan in 1990, Hamza Yassin is a wildlife cameraman and TV presenter. He was eight when they landed in the UK. Besides the changes in climate, he also had to adjust to the change in pets: “Where’s everyone’s pet lions and monkeys? It was all cats and dogs. I hadn’t realised what a special upbringing I had had. But it was the UK that cemented my love of wildlife. At first glance, it doesn’t look like there is a lot of wildlife, especially in the winter. But if you peel back the layers, there is so much.” Though his doctor parents didn’t have time to closely teach him, they did turn on the television; in particular, the Discovery Channel. David Attenborough’s The Life of Birds was an eye-opening experience, and Steve Irwin was a huge inspiration, too. While he thought they had cool jobs, he never thought he could be a presenter. He never saw anyone like him in front of the camera. He was a teenager who wasn’t white. It was still a long road to establishing his career, though. It was not until after he became an assistant for the incredible wildlife cameraman Jesse Wilkinson that he realized he needed to create his own journey. When he was21, he traveled with friends to the Highlands. Two weeks later, he was back there for good. He told his parents he was living in a beautiful cottage. The truth was that he was living in his car, just trying to make ends meet. He parked at the local ferry terminal but lived there happily for nine months, doing odd jobs — cutting grass, and moving furniture to earn enough money to survive. During that time, he was cutting his teeth as a wildlife cameraman — he was determined that he wouldn’t go back to Northampton with his tail between his legs and say to his parents: “I’ve been defeated.” Luckily, everything paid off. That experience taught him everything he needed to know about the profession. Eventually, Hamza became a renowned wildlife cameraman, inspiring others to pursue their dreams regardless of their background. 1. What does the underlined word “cemented” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Strengthened. B. Assessed. C. Challenged. D. Reduced. 2. Why didn’t Hamza think he could be a TV presenter at the beginning? A. He took no passion for being a presenter. B. He feared to stand in front of the camera. C. He lacked confidence because of his color. D. He obtained little support from his parents. 3. Why does the author mention Hamza’s trip to the Highlands? A. It led to a life-long friendship. B. It enriched his life experience. C. It refined his photography skills. D. It started his own career journey. 4. What can we learn from Hamza’s experience? A. Great minds think alike. B. Strike while the iron is hot. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. B (24-25高二上·山东日照·期中)Lately, one of the hot-button topics in the art world is artificial intelligence (AI). Some people see AI as a means for democratizing creativity. It allows individuals of any skill level to produce stunning pieces quickly and without the expense of some more traditional art. This enables more people to generate work who would otherwise be limited by financial challenges. AI is also proving beneficial for the business side of the art world. Because it can be created at a lower price than traditional art, those who couldn’t afford to buy art now have more options. Due to its access to data from countless sources, Al can assist in authenticating(鉴定) artworks by analyzing different stylistic elements. Collectors and investors can assess the value of artwork using AI, and the list goes on. But it’s not all roses. Some worry that AI lacks the emotional depth that human-created art offers. Plus, as AI learns from user inputs and copies artistic styles, determining the rightful owner of AI-generated content has become increasingly problematic. It relies primarily on algorithms(算法) and pre-existing artworks, so there isn’t much creative input. There is also the concern of artists losing work and profits to AI. Because AI drives prices down for art collectors, artists are concerned that making a living as an artist will become completely impossible. All of these above points ultimately bring us to the big question: Is AI art really art? Like every industry, the art world needs to embrace technological advancements or it will get left behind. While some think of art from AI as a valid form of creativity, others feel that AI can’t truly be classified as art because it lacks the element of human creativity. It’s true that the line between art created by AI and human art is getting less distinct. But from where most artists stand, the fact that non-AI art will always require human touch and thought process points to the fact that it can never be completely replaced by AI. 5. What is a benefit of AI for the art world according to paragraphs 1&2? A. Increasing the value of artworks. B. Encouraging people to appreciate art. C. Making art accessible to more people. D. Helping train more professional artists. 6. What does the underlined saying “it’s not all roses” in paragraph 3 mean? A. There are no easy answers. B. It is a rather unpleasant topic. C. There are also negative aspects. D. It is a black-and-white issue. 7. Who would most likely oppose AI involvement in art? A. Users who provide lots of data for AI. B. Experts who determine the owners of AI art. C. Enthusiasts who appreciate different art forms. D. Artists whose works are used as AI resources. 8. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. AI art will not take over human creativity. B. AI art is a technology without any limitations. C. The future of art relies heavily on AI technology. D. AI art is equally as valuable as human-created art. 话题2：诗歌2篇 A (24-25高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习) Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends.      “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. “A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1. When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter. 2. What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China? A. A morning rain. B. A handkerchief. C. A willow branch. D. A red bean. 3. Which of the following rhymes are RIGHT for this poem? A. aa-bb. B. ab-ab. C. ab-cd. D. ad-bc. 4. What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A. To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B. To show his joy before separating from his friend. C. To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. D. To show his anger before farewell. B (24-25高二上·云南大理·开学考试)“We have Dante, Shakespeare and Du Fu. These poets create the very values by which poetry is judged,” remarked Harvard professor Stephen Owen. Even though scholars studying Chinese history and culture often compare Du Fu to Dante and Shakespeare, this famous Chinese poet and thinker, who is also greatly respected in East Asian cultures, is still not very well-known in the West. However, with the screening of Du Fu, China’s Greatest Poet, the first English-language documentary feature about the poet, the days of Du Fu as China’s best-kept literary secret seem to come to an end. From the Yellow River to the Yangtze Gorges and down to the forested hills of Hunan Province, Michael Wood, the documentary presenter, traveled to various places, including the poet’s birthplace in Gongyi, Henan Province, the Tang Dynasty capital Chang’an (now Xi’an), and the Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu, Southwest China. Along the way, he met and talked to ordinary people, dancers and musicians. They helped to tell the interesting story of the poet whose writings have been heard for many centuries, speaking for the pain of ordinary people caught in war, starvation(饥饿), and natural disasters. “Chinese people really value the recording of history, and Du Fu is better than anyone at reflecting history in his poetry. That’s because historical events are reflected in his own life and spiritual journey,” noted Zeng Xiangbo, a professor of ancient Chinese literature at Renmin University of China. “Du’s poetry reflects the experience and transforms it, so it becomes a part of the emotional vocabulary of the Chinese culture,” said Stephen Owen, who in 2016 completed an eight-year-long project to translate Du Fu’s 1,400 poems into English. 5. What can we know about Du Fu’s poetry from the passage? A. It is only popular in China. B. It focuses on the joy of life. C. It is not well-known in the West. D. It is simple and easy to understand. 6. What did Michael Wood do to explore for the documentary? A. Discussed with modern poets and scholars. B. Visited historical sites significant to Du Fu’s life. C. Analyzed Du Fu’s influence in Western literature. D. Compared Western poetic styles with Eastern ones. 7. What does Stephen Owen’s eight-year-long project involve? A. Publishing a book about Du Fu. B. Translating Du Fu’s poems into English. C. Studying the development of Chinese poetry. D. Evaluating the effects of history on Du Fu’s creation. 8. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To highlight the importance of Du Fu’s poetry. B. To show some little-known facts about Du Fu. C. To discuss the link between culture and literature. D. To introduce the English documentary about poetry. 话题3：大众媒体2篇 A (23-24高二下·新疆·期中)The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic(流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan(大都市的) city. Behind the scenes, international students spent the Spring Festival with local Chinese friends, and thousands of young people supported Shanghai during the coronavirus outbreak. “Filming short videos gave me a more grateful perspective on life. Using experience gained in the past, we can work together to create a brighter future,” said Yiqing Hu from Fudan University. “The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. “The Shanghai story-telling activity” has displayed China’s culture, Shanghai’s humanities, technological innovations and ability to hold international people-to-people exchanges. The event saw local members of young people coming together to discuss youth responsibilities during the complex epidemic prevention and control situation. The activity is hosted by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily, which have together formed s type of International Communication. This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. It’s hoped that better methods of communication will make it possible to construct a global community with a shared future for humankind. 1. Which one is FLASE about the short-video contests according to the text? A. It attracted both Chinese and foreign students from universities. B. Its works must describe the scenes in Shanghai. C. It witnessed young people’s great responsibility during the epidemic. D. It included showing Chinese culture, buildings, innovations. 2. What can we learn about Ruonan Lu? A. She knew how to control the pandemic. B. She mainly recorded different festival activities. C. Her videos showed all kinds of emotions. D. Her video always expressed a bright attitude. 3. What does the Shanghai communication do? A. It aims to construct a global community. B. It promotes to spread Chinese culture. C. It finds a better way to communicate. D. It achieves a shared future for mankind. 4. Where does the passage most probably come from? A. a novel B. a textbook C. a newspaper D. a magazine B In this new digital era, farmers are finding ways to keep pace with the times while still holding fast to their traditions. In the quiet and excluded parts of rural China, Xiang Qing, a man born in 1990, leads a life quite unlike the noisy urban existence that defines modernity. His home is Guzhang county, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous region, which is located deep in western Hunan province. Xiang Qing and his 23-year-old nephew, Xiang Hong, jointly operate a video channel called “Shan Bai”. Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers. “Life here unfolds at its own pace. We grow crops and vegetables and occasionally purchase meat at the market,” Xiang Qing said. “I’ve come across numerous comments from people who watch our videos while lying in bed at night after a busy day of work, finding them truly relaxing and comforting. I think it’s great, and it’s in line with our initial intentions.” Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger. “Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said. Following in his uncle’s footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle. Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways. 5. Why do Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong work as video bloggers? A. To pursue personal fame and wealth. B. To promote the business of film-making. C. To financially support their whole family. D. To popularize the lifestyle in their hometown. 6. What can we learn about Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Xiang Qing influenced Xiang Hong’s career option. B. Xiao Hong quit his first job and switched to video making. C. They reached a decision of returning to hometown together. D. They got involved in each step of the video production process. 7. Which of the following best describes Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Modest and responsible. B. Diligent and optimistic. C. Devoted and innovative. D. Ambitious and demanding. 话题4：运动文化4篇 A Marathon is one of the most difficult races in track and field, at a little over 42 kilometers. To be a world-class marathoner, you must run that distance in two and a half hours. But for some, completing a marathon race is a lifelong dream. Jacqueline’s dream of being a world-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya. She soon realized she had the talent and the willpower to compete. She also knew she would have to train full-time, which meant not being able to work to help support her family. But she was confident that she could bring home prize money. Jacqueline traveled to China to compete in the Zheng-Kai marathon knowing she had a good shot at winning the race, but more importantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it. She was leading the women’s division when a male runner arrived at the water station. The man had trouble drinking water because a birth defect (缺陷) had left him without hands, and he struggled to drink from a plastic bottle. But any assistance from fans or race officials would result in his disqualification. Jacqueline noticed the man and immediately knew that he needed help. She grabbed a water bottle and helped him get the water his body needed to complete the race. Runner after runner passed Jacqueline. Her hopes of winning were getting lost in numerous runners ahead of her. With only 4 kilometers left in the race, and certain that the male runner would now finish, Jacqueline picked up her pace and finally finished second. That day, Jacqueline missed out on first place, but she finished something more important: humanity. She returned home with the smaller prize of second place, but to her family, she brought home something much more valuable to home: the right example. 1. What can we know about Jacqueline from paragraph 2? A. Her goal was to win a championship. B. Her family opposed her going for a run. C. She was born with little sports gift. D. She had to train full-time to achieve her dream. 2. Why did the male runner struggle to drink from a plastic bottle? A. No assistance was allowed. B. He was disabled. C. He had no access to the water station. D. He competed with other runners for water. 3. What happened after Jacqueline helped the male runner? A. She won second place at last. B. She was disqualified for going against rules. C. She was criticised by her family. D. She fell behind several runners and gave up. 4. What is the attitude of Jacqueline’s family towards her deed? A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Indifferent. D. Disappointed B A woman who lost one leg to cancer broke a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days. A marathon is a race that goes 42 kilometres. Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lives in Arizona, set her goal in mid-January in 2022. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. Most of the time, she runs on roads and trails near her home in Gilbert, Arizona. Sometimes she completes her runs on a running machine called a treadmill. Hunt-Broersma averages just over five hours to complete the runs. She kept successfully completing marathon-length runs every day, reaching her goal by April 28. She would then hold the world record for completing 102 back-to-back marathon runs. The current world record of 101 marathons was set April 10 by British runner Kate Jayden. The 35-year-old Jayden does not have a disability. Hunt-Broersma, a native of South Africa, lost the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001. Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. But Hunt-Broersma says her investment has been well worth it. However, she faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, she felt near collapse at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. One of her recent runs was the world-famous Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts. She finished that race, held April 18, with a time of 5 hours, 5 minutes. Hunt-Broersma’s main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is documenting her progress online and has also gained a large social media following. Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others, regardless of their own physical limitations. She often tells people, “You’re stronger than you think—and you’re capable of so much more.” 5. How did Hunt-Broersma complete the continuous marathon record mostly? A. By training in the park. B. With the help of special equipment. C. Through hard running on ordinary roads. D. By participating in the official Marathon. 6. According to the text, when did Hunt-Broersma break a world record? A. By April 10. B. On April 18. C. By April 28. D. At the beginning of May. 7. Why did Hunt-Broersma insist on running a marathon? A. She wanted to have more fans. B. She wanted to prove herself. C. She loved this sport since childhood. D. This sport didn’t require a lot of investment. 8. Which is the idea reflected in the text? A. Promise is debt. B. A close mouth catches no flies. C. One false move may lose the game. D. Holding on to the last can overcome difficulties. C (24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期中)The Chinese delegation’s excellent performance in Paris has carried forward the spirit of Chinese sports, as well as the Olympic spirit. In the quarterfinal match of the men’s table tennis at the 2024 Paris Olympics, Fan Zhendong delivered a dramatic performance that captivated fans worldwide. The match started with Fan Zhendong falling behind 0-2. Zhangbenzhihe capitalized on his aggressive play and precision, almost no mistakes. Then, Fan adjusted tactics quickly, leveling the score at 2-2. This comeback was testament to Fan’s resilience and adaptability. Just when it seemed Fan might seize control of this match, Zhangbenzhihe edged ahead again, bringing the score to 2-3. After fierce battle, Fan’s unwavering spirit propelled him to equalize once more at 3-3. Fan Zhendong turned the tide and fought until the last ball, ultimately winning 4-3 against the Japanese player Zhangbenzhihe, advancing to the semifinal. This remarkable victory highlighted the sportsmanship of our players. The spirit of sports teaches us that the journey is often more important than the destination. It’s about pushing our limits, testing our endurance, and overcoming obstacles. Whether we’re running the last mile of a marathon, fighting for the final point in a tennis match, or defending our goal in a soccer game, the essence of sports lies in our refusal to surrender. When we face setbacks, it’s easy to feel disheartened. But it’s in these moments that the spirit of sports shines the brightest. It reminds us to dust ourselves off, to stand up taller, and to keep moving forward. Every athlete, at some point, has faced the temptation to quit, but it’s the ones who persevere that write the history of sports. The spirit of sports is not just about winning. It’s about the lessons we learn on the field, the character we build through adversity, and the bonds we forge with our teammates. It’s about the countless hours of practice, the sacrifices we make, and the dreams we chase. It’s about never ever giving up, no matter how to ugh the challenge may be. So, let’s cheer louder, run faster, and reach higher, for in the heart of every athlete, the flame of determination burns eternal-never ever give up. 9. What does paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The Chinese delegation excels at self-discipline. B. The Chinese delegation cares a lot about the medals. C. The Chinese delegation breathes life into the Olympics. D. The Chinese delegation highlights sports spirit in the Olympics. 10. What was the fourth score Fan Zhendong against Zhangbenzhihe? A. 4 to 3 B. 2 to 2 C. 3 to 3 D. 2 to 3 11. What can we learn from Fan zheng dong? A. Luck plays a crucial role in winning. B. Opponents are not important in a game. C. Talent is more important than hard work. D. Perseverance and skills contribute to success. 12. What is the essence of sports according to last three paragraphs? A. Never letting go. B. Embracing the victory. C. Throwing in the towel. D. Having a strong constitution. D (24-25高二上·湖南·期中)Wearable technology is more popular than ever. From smartwatches to health-tracking rings, we can constantly monitor(监测) our sleep patterns, heart rates, and even blood oxygen levels. While research indicates that these devices often promote increased physical activity and healthier lifestyles, there can be a bad point when the constant stream of data becomes too powerful. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that wearing fitness trackers to monitor heart conditions like atrial fibrillation — an irregular heartbeat — can make people more anxious about their health. So, how can we keep a balance in a world full of numbers? Experts share how wearable technology can shape our minds — and offer tips for managing the stress it can bring. “The more we attend to something, the more we’re training the brain to worry about it,” says Joanna Hardis, a specialist. “This can make it abstruse to break the negative cycle of checking your fitness tracker and worrying.” Robert Goldel, a scientist studying wearable technology, says fitness trackers can lead to “data overload”, especially when users struggle to explain or manage the information. In fact, a 2019 study from the University of Copenhagen showed that many people rely on fitness tracker data as if it were medical advice, often bringing unnecessary fear and anxiety. “This kind of data so readily available can be hard to ignore when we are literally wearing devices that inform us and serve as visual reminders throughout the day,” says Kate Miskevics, a licensed therapist. Despite the mental strain wearables can cause, their popularity keeps rising. According to the Pew Research Center, nearly one in five U.S. adults regularly uses a smartwatch or fitness tracker. Thankfully, there are ways to manage the anxiety these devices can bring. Hardis says starting by thinking about the way we use them may be the solution. She explains training for a 5K run is one thing, but that obsessively tracking every heart rate is another. If your wearable brings fear, it’s time to rejudge that relationship. 13. What is the main disadvantage of wearables mentioned? A. They can be expensive. B. They may cause some worries. C. They result in unhealthy lifestyles. D. They often fail to provide correct data. 14. Which can best replace the underlined word “abstruse” in paragraph 3? A. Difficult. B. Possible. C. Meaningless. D. Acceptable. 15. What is Kate’s attitude towards the use of fitness trackers? A. Uncaring. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Critical. 16. What may Hardis’ suggestion be? A. Turning to wearables when exercising. B. Running regularly to keep a healthy heart. C. Reconsidering how to use wearable technology. D. Seeking professional advice instead of relying on data. 话题5： 医疗健康和科技5篇 A Drinking some alcohol(酒) was once thought to have benefits for the heart, but better research methods have thrown cold water on that. “Drinking less is a great way to be healthier,” said Dr. Timothy Naimi, who directs the Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research at the University of Victoria in British Columbia. Guidelines vary a lot from country to country but the overall trend is toward drinking less. The United Kingdom, France, Denmark, Holland and Australia recently reviewed new evidence and lowered their alcohol consumption recommendations. Ireland will require cancer warning labels on alcohol starting in 2026. “People of my age are way more accepting of it,” said Tessa Weber, 28, of Austin, Texas. She stopped drinking this year because she’d noticed alcohol was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results — better sleep, more energy — and has stuck with it. “It’s good to reevaluate your relationship with alcohol,” Weber said. How many drinks can you have per day? That depends. Drinking raises the risk of several types of cancer, including colon, liver, breast and mouth and throat. Alcohol breaks down in the body into a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage your cells and stop them from repairing themselves. That creates the conditions for cancer to grow. “Thousands of US deaths per year could be prevented if people followed the government’s dietary guidelines, which advise men to limit themselves to two drinks or fewer per day and women to one drink or fewer per day,” Naimi said. One drink is the equivalent of about one12 - ounce(盎司) can of beer, a 5 - ounce glass of wine or a shot of liquor. Naimi served on an advisory committee that wanted to lower the recommendation for men to one drink per day. That advice was considered and rejected when the federal recommendations came out in 2020. “The simple message that’s best supported by the evidence is that, if you drink, less is better when it comes to health,” Naimi said. 1. What is Tessa Weber’s attitude to the new guideline on alcohol drinking? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear. 2. What do we know about acetaldehyde? A. It encourages people to drink less. B. It benefits the repairs of heart cells. C. It keeps alcohol from breaking down. D. It contributes to the growth of cancer. 3. How much alcohol is a man recommended to drink at most per day by the US government? A. A 5-ounce glass of wine. B. A-6-ounce can of beer. C. A 10-ounce glass of wine. D. A 12-ounce can of beer. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. New Research on Types of Cancer B. Alcoholics Are on the Rise in the US C. Risks and Benefits of Drinking Alcohol D. Less Alcohol Is Better for Health B (24-25高二上·黑龙江鸡西·期中)A new study of the elderly has found napping (小睡) too much in daytime may signal an increasing risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers from Brigham and Women’s Hospital have reported the relationship between the two: napping too much in daytime predicts an increased future risk of Alzheimer’s, and a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s speeds up the increase in napping during aging. “Daytime sleep behavior of older adults is often ignored, and an agreement for napping in clinical practice and health care is still lacking,” said Peng Li, one of the researchers. “Our team calls for a closer attention to 24-hour sleep patterns — not only nighttime sleep but also a nap — for tracking the health of the elderly. The researchers recognized that all previous studies on Alzheimer’s disease assessed napping within a participant only once, and most of them were subjective and questionnaire—based. In the new study, more than 1,000 individuals, with an average age of 81, were provided with Actical, a watch-like device, to wear on their wrist for up to 14 days. After nap episodes were identified, the nap duration and frequency were calculated. The results have suggested that napping too much in daytime may signal an increasing risk of Alzheimer’s, and that faster yearly increase in napping may be a sign of worsening or unfavourable clinical development of the disease. Researchers have acknowledged that although the method of the new study has been widely used in sleep field studies, they recognize that polysomnography (多导睡眠描记) is the gold standard for sleep scoring. Moreover, the participants studied were the elderly, and therefore, the findings may not be easily translated to young people. In addition, future studies should test whether a direct intervention in a nap can lower the risk of Alzheimer’s. “We hope to draw more attention to daytime sleep patterns and the importance of patients noting if their sleep schedule changes over time,” said co-senior author Kun Hu of the Medical Biodynamics Program. “Sleep changes are critical in shaping the internal changes in the brain.” 5. What does the new study of the elderly show? A. The link between a nap and Alzheimer’s. B. The causes and symptoms of Alzheimer’s. C. The proper amounts of daytime sleep. D. The ways to improve the quality of sleep. 6. How did the researchers conduct the new study? A. By asking about the participants’ ideas. B. By carrying out a particular questionnaire. C. By tracking participants’ sleep with a device. D. By assessing participants calculating tasks. 7. What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A. The method of the new study is perfect. B. The findings are suitable for all ages. C. Further studies should be carried out. D. Intervention can reduce the risk of Alzheirmer’s. 8. What does Kun Hu talk about? A. The patterns of daytime sleep. B. The way to make sleep schedules. C. The causes of brain changes. D. The significance of the new study. C (24-25高二上·江西新余·期中)One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Today in Britain, for example, about four hundred people a day die of heart disease. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease b exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress in their work. However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however, the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery. Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages. First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform surgery even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary — because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government office recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year. 9. What effect has modern technology had on medicine? A. It has reduced the costs of medical treatment. B. It hasn’t helped save any patients. C. It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgery. D. It has helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease. 10. What does the underlined word “recover” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Boost. B. Spring up. C. Get back. D. Pick up 11. The author would agree that ______. A. more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease B. heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions C. modern technology has made heart surgery more risky than before D. the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease 12. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Greatest Killer in the West B. Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent? C. Old Technology and Heart Surgery D. Heart Surgery: Merits D (24-25高二上·广东清远·期中)Louis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist. He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine(狂犬病疫苗). The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva(唾液) entering an existing wound. After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body. By studying the tissue of infected animals — rabbits, Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus. This could be used for inoculation(接种). On July 6, 1885, Pasteur tested his vaccine on a man for the first time. He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method. The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end Joseph recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment. On March 1886, Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases, the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching. Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died. The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centres in the world. Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways. He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28, 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the lab is safer and requires a shorter course of injections. 13. Rabies probably can destroy a person’s ________. A. nervous system B. blood C. skin D. saliva 14. What can we learn about Pasteur’s test of his vaccine on the man? A. It didn’t save the man’s life. B. The man was his second patient. C. It proved to be a great success. D. The man was sent to a clinic ten days later. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Pasteur’s rabies vaccine is out of date. B. A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients. C. Injections of vaccine still take much time. D. Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine. 16. What’s the text mainly about? A. The treatment for rabies. B. The introduction to rabies vaccine. C. An analysis of the cause of rabies. D. Pasteur’s devotion to rabies vaccine. E (24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期中)Over the past few centuries, we have dug, burned, drilled, pumped, lit, launched, driven, and flown our way to adding 2.4 trillion metric tons of carbon dioxide to Earth’s atmosphere. That’s as much CO₂ as would be given off annually by 522 billion cars, or 65 cars per person living today. On a lonely, lunar-like valley of Iceland, Edda Aradottir is on a mission to put CO₂ back where it came from. She’s returning a tiny bit of it today but much, much more of it in the years ahead. In sending CO₂ deep beneath the surface of the planet, she’s aiming to reverse one of the most challenging acts of human history: the dugging of massive amounts of carbon under the ground as fossil fuels. Aradottir shows how CO₂ caught from the air is mixed with water, then fed through a complicated and detailed system of pipes that course downward 2,500 feet or so. There, the dissolved (溶解的) carbon dioxide meets porous basalt, a type of dark rock that comes from volcanoes, creating cream-colored spots in the rock below. Scientists like Aradottir are working on ambitious projects to remove carbon dioxide from the air and lock it away. In Arizona, an engineering professor shows his “mechanical trees”, a single one of which he says may someday be able to do the work of a thousand regular trees in catching and storing CO₂. In Australia, a leading oceanographer shows that seaweed is the answer, if only we’d help it grow in giant underwater gardens that could store billions of tons of carbon dioxide. In Zürich, an Uruguayan inventor presents a small bottle of fuel made from nothing but sunlight and air. That may be the most amazing of all the forms of carbon removal we’ve come across, as it suggests we may one day be able to make the best of carbon in a continuous cycle of zero-emission energy. Maybe. One day. 17. What purpose do the figures in paragraph 1 serve? A. To show the necessity of removing carbon dioxide. B. To inspire readers’ interest in environmental protection. C. To highlight the amount of cars existing in the world today. D. To explain a commonly accepted reason for global warming. 18. The underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_______”. A. criticize B. conduct C. overturn D. approve 19. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. Aradottir’s daily routine. B. Aradottir’s field of study. C. The cost of Aradottir’s project. D. The explanation of Aradottir’s system. 20. What does the author think of the carbon removal projects? A. Educational. B. Expensive. C. Efficient. D. Promising. 话题6：旅游和太空探索5篇 A (24-25高二上·山东菏泽·期中)Sustainable travel is an idea that many experts within the travel industry agree on. To continue enjoying this extraordinary world, both travelers and the travel industry must adapt to be more sustainable in actions. A report reads: “At this important moment in climate history, if there is a lack of actions, by 2040 many of the world’s favorite destinations will be forced to go virtual.” What is sustainable travel? It is about traveling in a way that reduces negative impact on the climate and environment, as well as the communities and people we visit. For many years, the attention around sustainable travel was based on reducing environmental pollution. While it is still important, there is now an even more pressing issue. With the growth of a privatized(私有化的) market that means local communities aren’t benefiting much from tourism as they should, change is needed more than ever. To deal with the problem, we need to rethink how we see travel. Instead of just focusing on our own experiences, we should consider the needs of our hosts alongside our hopes for a fun-filled holiday. All it takes is a little thoughtful planning. One of the most effective ways you can make a difference when traveling is to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Wherever you choose to go, your transport will likely account for the majority of your CO2 emissions. By simple math, that means traveling shorter distances and in a way that uses less fuel(燃料) will make a big difference. And by doing so, you can visit more places and benefit more communities and people. And traveling out of peak season can be a more enriching experience. You’ll avoid the crowds at popular sights and find lower prices for hotels, restaurants and activities. For local people who work in tourism and are seasonal workers, the money they make outside of busy periods is much valued and needed. Another impactful way to be more sustainable is to stay in community-owned accommodation rather than chain hotels. It means the money you spend goes directly to local people who are serving you and need it most. 1. Why does the author mention the report in paragraph 1? A. To try to describe sustainable travel. B. To point out the main idea of the text. C. To show the urgency of sustainable travel. D. To present climate change’s effect on travel. 2. What does “an even more pressing issue” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Climate change. B. Environmental pollution. C. Fast growth of tourism. D. Little attention on locals. 3. What does the author suggest a sustainable traveler do? A. Travel less. B. Choose long trips. C. Make a package tour. D. Try off-season travel. 4. Why are community-owned hotels recommended? A. They provide better service for guests. B. They are friendlier to the environment. C. They help local people earn more money. D. They are the backbone of the local economy. B (24-25高二上·浙江·期中)William Lindesay, a famous Great Wall expert and conservationist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled the globe by the back paths, providing their sons with a unique growing environment. Sun hats, backpacks and sneakers (运动鞋) — these are the day-to-day must-haves for the family. Most of their trips seem far from relaxing — cultural study in the hot and dry desert, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb to three English mountaintops and a six- day train ride from Beijing to Moscow. Many assume the family must be wealthy and can afford their global travel, but they are not. Lindesay says they just choose to spend money on travel and avoid pricey hotels and restaurants where possible. Lindesay mentions the trip to Moscow as an example. Instead of taking a taxi from the railway station to the hotel, they took the subway. “We crossed the city for saving money, communicated with local people, and saw they are people just like us, everywhere. We arrived at our destination feeling comfortable.” However, their journeys, which can last weeks or months, have sometimes been inconsistent with their children’s schooling. Wu remembers once Lindesay let their elder son ask for leave so that they could go to New York for a 45-day lecture tour. Therefore the son missed his final exam. Things like that bother the family all the time. Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but traveling outside, in distant lands with different languages, cultures, and political structures, is the real test. “You can only get streetwise on the street. You can only get worldly-wise when seeing the world,” he says. 5. How can we describe the Lindesays’ trips? A. Pleasant. B. Relaxing C. Challenging. D. Dangerous. 6. What does the underlined word “inconsistent” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Distinct. B. Apparent. C. Remarkable. D. Efficient. 7. What problem does the family meet when traveling? A. They suffer from a tight budget. B. They miss some lessons and exams. C. They hold different educational ideas. D. They are faced with language barriers. 8. Which statement may Lindesay agree with according to the last paragraph? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Toughness is the best assistant of will. C. Man who travels far knows more. D. There is no royal road to learning. C (24-25高二上·福建泉州·期中)Apollo 15 was the first flight to the moon that included a spacewalk. On our return trip to Earth, we needed to recover film canisters(胶卷盒) from the service module. Because it was a new activity, an incredible amount of preparation went into it. I evaluated the entire plan in terms of safety and results. During our preflight analysis, we installed(安装) a warning tone in the suit in the event of low oxygen pressure and we simplified the method of returning the canisters to the Command Module. Once all this preflight work was finished, the actual spacewalk was easy and completed in a short time. I had the pleasure of being outside the spacecraft for 38 minutes, and here’s how we did it. We started suiting up an hour or so before the actual spacewalk. I got a little rush as the Command Module was depressurizing because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive. I had practiced this process many times on Earth, but this was for real and I had to do it just right. Once the cabin(机舱) pressure went to zero, we opened the hatch and went out.    What a feeling to be free in deep space. I concentrated on reaching for the handholds as I made my way to the back of the service module so I would not float away. I had a small problem right away. The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position. I had to go over the camera to get to the film canister. I reached the canister, put a safety clip(安全扣) on it, attached by a tether(拴绳) to my arm, and pulled it out of the machine. Turning around again I made my way back to the hatch. So far, a piece of cake. After another two trips, I finished my task. Just by turning my head I could position myself so that both the Earth and the Moon were in my field of vision. It was the most unbelievable sight one could imagine. I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before. What an honor it was. 9. What can be learned about the author from paragraph 2? A. He was well-prepared before the flight. B. He became addicted to spaceflights. C. He found pleasure in space science. D. He threw himself into designing pressure suits. 10. What does the underlined word “rush” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Excitement. B. Surprise. C. Fear. D. Disappointment. 11. Which of the following can best describe the author’s experience in deep space? A. Dangerous and disorderly. B. Challenging but amazing. C. Quite slow but romantic. D. Rather smooth and simple. 12. What would be the best title for the text? A. Apollo 15 was the power of inspiration B. My first hair-raising space trip C. A typical day in space D. I was among the lucky few to walk in space D (24-25高二上·辽宁·期中)The idea of turning Mars into a livable world for humans is a common element of science fiction. But could such an action be done in real life? There are many issues that need to be solved before humans can successfully live on Mars. They include a lack of breathable oxygen, harmful ultraviolet(紫外线) radiation, salty soil, and dust storms that sometimes cover much of the planet. And the average Martian surface temperature is about minus(零下) 65℃. With its thin atmosphere, solar heat on the Martian surface easily escapes into space. Scientists are now proposing a new method to warm up Mars. The idea involves putting engineered particles made of iron or aluminum(铝) into the atmosphere at a rate of about 30 liters per second for years. The goal is to trap escaping heat and direct sunlight towards the Martian surface. The proposal would aim to permit liquid water to exist on the surface of Mars, which has water in the form of ice at its polar areas and its subsurface. The proposed idea would be to increase the natural greenhouse effect on Mars and raise its surface temperature by around 28℃ over ten years. Such a change alone would not make Mars livable for people. But the scientists see it as a possible first step. Scientist Kite described the process of changing a planet’s environment to be more like Earth. “For Mars, warming the planet is a necessary, but not enough, first step. Previous concepts have focused on releasing greenhouse gases, but these require large amounts of resources that are rare on Mars,” he said. Kite added that climate modeling suggests the new idea of using engineered particles to warm Mars’ atmosphere could work better than previous ideas and that the work is important because it presents a possible method that could help future exploration plans. Kite suggested that the costs and benefits of releasing particles are uncertain. For example, he said if Mars’ soil has compounds that are harmful to life from Earth, then the benefit of warming Mars is zero. 13. What’s the function of the question mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To prove the untruth of sci-fi. B. To expect readers’ clear answers. C. To express people’s strong doubts. D. To introduce the theme of the text. 14. What does the author intend to explain in paragraph 2? A. The challenges for human settling on Mars. B. The variety of natural environments on Mars. C. The possibility of solid ice existence on Mars. D. The reason for the year-long darkness on Mars. 15. What does Kite’s words about the new idea convey? A. It’s perfect. B. It’s practical. C. It’s dangerous. D. It’s traditional. 16. What’s the best title for the text? A. Scientists Help People Move to Mars B. Scientists Make Mars a Second Home C. Scientists Propose an Idea to Warm Mars D. Scientists Change the Atmosphere of Mars E (24-25高二上·吉林长春·期中)Plants can often tell when they’re in danger — by smell. But not all leaves sniff(嗅) out threats equally well. In corn plants, baby leaves do this best, new data show. “They recognize that danger is around the corner,” says Lei Wang. He’s a plant biologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. He and his colleagues shared the new findings in Current Biology. Many plants are known to beef up their chemical defenses when they’re about to get bitten by “insects”. One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules(分子) floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva(唾液). Or they may come from neighboring plants that have already been attacked and are on death’s door. Originally, Wang and his team set out to identify airborne chemicals that plants receive as warning scents(气味). But when they started their study, they found that the adult corn leaves they tested did not produce many anti- predator chemicals in response to the smells. So the researchers turned to baby leaves. These are much more fragile(脆弱) than the adult leaves that scientists usually study. In the lab, the team exposed young and adult corn leaves to a common danger — signaling scent. This green-leaf compound is similar to the smell of freshly cut grass. A corn plant might encounter this scent if a nearby plant was in danger. The researchers measured how much danger signal each leaf released in response to the warning smell. New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at “smelling”, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat. Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding(培育) of smarter crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides. 17. What do the underlined words “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cease. B. Balance. C. Strengthen. D. Overcome. 18. What can be learned from the text? A. Plants defend themselves in various ways. B. Plants sense danger from insect saliva. C. Freshly cut grass was used in the research. D. Adult corn leaves can’t produce defense chemicals. 19. What does Wang hope to achieve with his research? A. To reduce the use of poisonous pesticides. B. To improve the taste of crops. C. To breed more profitable plants. D. To create safer pesticides. 20. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Developing Smarter Crops B. New Study Revealing the Secret of Plants C. Plants Recognizing Danger in Different Ways D. Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better ( 20 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解20篇(考题猜想) 译林牛津选择必修第一册Unit3-4，选择必修第二册, 选择必修第三册Unit 1-2 话题1：美术与摄影 A (24-25高二上·浙江·期中)Born in Sudan in 1990, Hamza Yassin is a wildlife cameraman and TV presenter. He was eight when they landed in the UK. Besides the changes in climate, he also had to adjust to the change in pets: “Where’s everyone’s pet lions and monkeys? It was all cats and dogs. I hadn’t realised what a special upbringing I had had. But it was the UK that cemented my love of wildlife. At first glance, it doesn’t look like there is a lot of wildlife, especially in the winter. But if you peel back the layers, there is so much.” Though his doctor parents didn’t have time to closely teach him, they did turn on the television; in particular, the Discovery Channel. David Attenborough’s The Life of Birds was an eye-opening experience, and Steve Irwin was a huge inspiration, too. While he thought they had cool jobs, he never thought he could be a presenter. He never saw anyone like him in front of the camera. He was a teenager who wasn’t white. It was still a long road to establishing his career, though. It was not until after he became an assistant for the incredible wildlife cameraman Jesse Wilkinson that he realized he needed to create his own journey. When he was21, he traveled with friends to the Highlands. Two weeks later, he was back there for good. He told his parents he was living in a beautiful cottage. The truth was that he was living in his car, just trying to make ends meet. He parked at the local ferry terminal but lived there happily for nine months, doing odd jobs — cutting grass, and moving furniture to earn enough money to survive. During that time, he was cutting his teeth as a wildlife cameraman — he was determined that he wouldn’t go back to Northampton with his tail between his legs and say to his parents: “I’ve been defeated.” Luckily, everything paid off. That experience taught him everything he needed to know about the profession. Eventually, Hamza became a renowned wildlife cameraman, inspiring others to pursue their dreams regardless of their background. 1. What does the underlined word “cemented” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Strengthened. B. Assessed. C. Challenged. D. Reduced. 2. Why didn’t Hamza think he could be a TV presenter at the beginning? A. He took no passion for being a presenter. B. He feared to stand in front of the camera. C. He lacked confidence because of his color. D. He obtained little support from his parents. 3. Why does the author mention Hamza’s trip to the Highlands? A. It led to a life-long friendship. B. It enriched his life experience. C. It refined his photography skills. D. It started his own career journey. 4. What can we learn from Hamza’s experience? A. Great minds think alike. B. Strike while the iron is hot. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了野生动物摄影师Hamza Yassin的成长故事。 1. 词句猜测题。根据划线词句后文“But it was the UK that cemented my love of wildlife. At first glance, it doesn’t look like there is a lot of wildlife, especially in the winter. But if you peel back the layers, there is so much.(但真正让我对野生动物cemented热爱的是英国。乍一看，这里似乎没有很多野生动物，尤其是在冬天。但如果你剥开表层，就会发现有很多。)”可知，正是在英国，作者对野生动物增强了热爱，培养了这一兴趣。从而推知划线部分意思是“加强”。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“He never saw anyone like him in front of the camera. He was a teenager who wasn’t white.(他从未在镜头前见过像他这样的人。他不是一个白人青少年。)”可知，Hamza一开始不认为自己可以成为一名电视节目主持人是因为他因为肤色而缺乏自信。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“ It was not until after he became an assistant for the incredible wildlife cameraman Jesse Wilkinson that he realized he needed to create his own journey. When he was21, he traveled with friends to the Highlands. (直到他成为不可思议的野生动物摄影师Jesse Wilkinson的助手后，他才意识到他需要创造自己的旅程。21岁时，他和朋友去苏格兰高地旅行。)”以及文中描述他的高地经历可以推知，作者提到高地之旅是为了说明他是从这次旅行开始自己的职业旅程的。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“During that time, he was cutting his teeth as a wildlife cameraman — he was determined that he wouldn’t go back to Northampton with his tail between his legs and say to his parents: “I’ve been defeated.” (在那段时间里，他作为一名野生动物摄影师初试身手——他下定决心，他不会夹着尾巴回到Northampton，对他的父母说：“我被打败了。”)”和最后一段“Eventually, Hamza became a renowned wildlife cameraman, inspiring others to pursue their dreams regardless of their background.(最终，Hamza成为了一名著名的野生动物摄影师，激励着其他人去追求自己的梦想，而不管他们的背景如何。)”可知，我们能从Hamza的经历中明白：有志者事竟成。故选D项。 B (24-25高二上·山东日照·期中)Lately, one of the hot-button topics in the art world is artificial intelligence (AI). Some people see AI as a means for democratizing creativity. It allows individuals of any skill level to produce stunning pieces quickly and without the expense of some more traditional art. This enables more people to generate work who would otherwise be limited by financial challenges. AI is also proving beneficial for the business side of the art world. Because it can be created at a lower price than traditional art, those who couldn’t afford to buy art now have more options. Due to its access to data from countless sources, Al can assist in authenticating(鉴定) artworks by analyzing different stylistic elements. Collectors and investors can assess the value of artwork using AI, and the list goes on. But it’s not all roses. Some worry that AI lacks the emotional depth that human-created art offers. Plus, as AI learns from user inputs and copies artistic styles, determining the rightful owner of AI-generated content has become increasingly problematic. It relies primarily on algorithms(算法) and pre-existing artworks, so there isn’t much creative input. There is also the concern of artists losing work and profits to AI. Because AI drives prices down for art collectors, artists are concerned that making a living as an artist will become completely impossible. All of these above points ultimately bring us to the big question: Is AI art really art? Like every industry, the art world needs to embrace technological advancements or it will get left behind. While some think of art from AI as a valid form of creativity, others feel that AI can’t truly be classified as art because it lacks the element of human creativity. It’s true that the line between art created by AI and human art is getting less distinct. But from where most artists stand, the fact that non-AI art will always require human touch and thought process points to the fact that it can never be completely replaced by AI. 5. What is a benefit of AI for the art world according to paragraphs 1&2? A. Increasing the value of artworks. B. Encouraging people to appreciate art. C. Making art accessible to more people. D. Helping train more professional artists. 6. What does the underlined saying “it’s not all roses” in paragraph 3 mean? A. There are no easy answers. B. It is a rather unpleasant topic. C. There are also negative aspects. D. It is a black-and-white issue. 7. Who would most likely oppose AI involvement in art? A. Users who provide lots of data for AI. B. Experts who determine the owners of AI art. C. Enthusiasts who appreciate different art forms. D. Artists whose works are used as AI resources. 8. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. AI art will not take over human creativity. B. AI art is a technology without any limitations. C. The future of art relies heavily on AI technology. D. AI art is equally as valuable as human-created art. 【答案】5. C 6. C 7. D 8. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人工智能(AI)在艺术领域的应用及其带来的利弊。 5. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It allows individuals of any skill level to produce stunning pieces quickly and without the expense of some more traditional art. This enables more people to generate work who would otherwise be limited by financial challenges.(它允许任何技能水平的人都能快速创作出令人惊叹的作品，而且不需要传统艺术那样的高昂费用。这使得那些原本因经济挑战而受限的人也能创作作品)”可知，AI使得更多人能够接触到艺术并创作作品，由此可知，AI让更多的人接触到艺术。故选C。 6. 词句猜测题。根据上文“AI is also proving beneficial for the business side of the art world.(人工智能也被证明对艺术界的商业方面大有裨益)”和下文“Some worry that AI lacks the emotional depth that human-created art offers.(有些人担心AI缺乏人类创作的艺术所提供的情感深度)”可知，作者指出虽然AI在艺术领域有诸多好处，但也存在问题，即“不全是美好的”。因此，选项C“也有负面方面”是正确的。故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There is also the concern of artists losing work and profits to AI.(还有一个担忧是艺术家可能会因为AI而失去工作和利润)”可知，艺术家担心AI会夺走他们的工作和利润，因此他们最有可能反对AI在艺术领域的参与。由此可知，其作品被用作AI资源的艺术家最有可能反对AI在艺术领域的参与。故选D。 8. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But from where most artists stand, the fact that non-AI art will always require human touch and thought process points to the fact that it can never be completely replaced by AI.(但从大多数艺术家的角度来看，非AI艺术总是需要人类的触感和思维过程，这意味着它永远不可能被AI完全取代)”可知，作者暗示了非AI艺术因其需要人类的触感和思维过程，所以永远不可能被AI完全取代。由此推知，AI艺术不会取代人类的创造力。故选A。 话题2：诗歌2篇 A (24-25高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习) Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends.      “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. “A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1. When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter. 2. What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China? A. A morning rain. B. A handkerchief. C. A willow branch. D. A red bean. 3. Which of the following rhymes are RIGHT for this poem? A. aa-bb. B. ab-ab. C. ab-cd. D. ad-bc. 4. What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A. To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B. To show his joy before separating from his friend. C. To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. D. To show his anger before farewell. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 【知识点】文学形式与文学作品、说明文、诗歌文学 【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要围绕王维的《送元二使安西》进行赏析，分析了诗歌中的意象、情感以及文化元素，展现了诗人对告别的深情表达和对友情的珍视。 1. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. (春天的一场晨雨过后，道路、柳树和酒店完全不同。)”可知，春天的早晨雨后，道路、柳树和旅馆都完全不同，这是王维的朋友离开的场景，因此可以推断出王维的朋友是在春天离开的。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. (柳枝在中国被认为是告别的典型象征。)”可知，在中国，柳枝被认为是告别的典型象征。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。第一行rain和第三行again押韵，第二行green和第四行seen押韵。诗的押韵模式是ab-ab。故选B项。 4. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中““A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. (《送元二使安西》营造了一种安静的悲伤。)”可知，《送元二使安西》创造了一种淡淡的忧伤感。因此，王维在这首诗中想要表达的是在告别前的一种淡淡的忧伤感。故选C。 B (24-25高二上·云南大理·开学考试)“We have Dante, Shakespeare and Du Fu. These poets create the very values by which poetry is judged,” remarked Harvard professor Stephen Owen. Even though scholars studying Chinese history and culture often compare Du Fu to Dante and Shakespeare, this famous Chinese poet and thinker, who is also greatly respected in East Asian cultures, is still not very well-known in the West. However, with the screening of Du Fu, China’s Greatest Poet, the first English-language documentary feature about the poet, the days of Du Fu as China’s best-kept literary secret seem to come to an end. From the Yellow River to the Yangtze Gorges and down to the forested hills of Hunan Province, Michael Wood, the documentary presenter, traveled to various places, including the poet’s birthplace in Gongyi, Henan Province, the Tang Dynasty capital Chang’an (now Xi’an), and the Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu, Southwest China. Along the way, he met and talked to ordinary people, dancers and musicians. They helped to tell the interesting story of the poet whose writings have been heard for many centuries, speaking for the pain of ordinary people caught in war, starvation(饥饿), and natural disasters. “Chinese people really value the recording of history, and Du Fu is better than anyone at reflecting history in his poetry. That’s because historical events are reflected in his own life and spiritual journey,” noted Zeng Xiangbo, a professor of ancient Chinese literature at Renmin University of China. “Du’s poetry reflects the experience and transforms it, so it becomes a part of the emotional vocabulary of the Chinese culture,” said Stephen Owen, who in 2016 completed an eight-year-long project to translate Du Fu’s 1,400 poems into English. 5. What can we know about Du Fu’s poetry from the passage? A. It is only popular in China. B. It focuses on the joy of life. C. It is not well-known in the West. D. It is simple and easy to understand. 6. What did Michael Wood do to explore for the documentary? A. Discussed with modern poets and scholars. B. Visited historical sites significant to Du Fu’s life. C. Analyzed Du Fu’s influence in Western literature. D. Compared Western poetic styles with Eastern ones. 7. What does Stephen Owen’s eight-year-long project involve? A. Publishing a book about Du Fu. B. Translating Du Fu’s poems into English. C. Studying the development of Chinese poetry. D. Evaluating the effects of history on Du Fu’s creation. 8. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To highlight the importance of Du Fu’s poetry. B. To show some little-known facts about Du Fu. C. To discuss the link between culture and literature. D. To introduce the English documentary about poetry. 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 【知识点】说明文、文学家、诗歌文学 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国唐代著名诗人杜甫。 5. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Even though scholars studying Chinese history and culture often compare Du Fu to Dante and Shakespeare, this famous Chinese poet and thinker, who is also greatly respected in East Asian cultures, is still not very well-known in the West.(尽管研究中国历史和文化的学者经常将杜甫与但丁和莎士比亚相提并论，但这位在东亚文化中也备受推崇的著名中国诗人兼思想家在西方仍然鲜为人知)”可知，杜甫的诗歌在西方并不太知名。故选C项。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“From the Yellow River to the Yangtze Gorges and down to the forested hills of Hunan Province, Michael Wood, the documentary presenter, traveled to various places, including the poet’s birthplace in Gongyi, Henan Province, the Tang Dynasty capital Chang’an (now Xi’an), and the Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu, Southwest China.(从黄河到长江三峡，再到湖南省的森林丘陵，纪录片主持人Michael Wood游历了许多地方，包括河南省巩义的诗人出生地、唐朝都城长安(今西安)和中国西南部成都的杜甫草堂)”可知，Michael Wood参观了杜甫出生地等多个与杜甫生活和文学活动相关的地方，包括杜甫草堂。故选B项。 7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段““Du’s poetry reflects the experience and transforms it, so it becomes a part of the emotional vocabulary of the Chinese culture,” said Stephen Owen, who in 2016 completed an eight-year-long project to translate Du Fu’s 1,400 poems into English.(“杜甫的诗歌反映并转化了这种体验，因此它成为了中国文化情感词汇的一部分，”Stephen Owen说道，Stephen Owen于 2016 年完成了一项为期八年的项目，将杜甫的 1400 首诗歌翻译成英文)”可知，Stephen Owen的八年项目是将杜甫的1400首诗翻译成英文。故选B项。 8. 推理判断题。根据根据第一段“Even though scholars studying Chinese history and culture often compare Du Fu to Dante and Shakespeare, this famous Chinese poet and thinker, who is also greatly respected in East Asian cultures, is still not very well-known in the West.(尽管研究中国历史和文化的学者经常将杜甫与但丁和莎士比亚相提并论，但这位在东亚文化中也备受推崇的著名中国诗人兼思想家在西方仍然鲜为人知)”以及第二段“However, with the screening of Du Fu, China’s Greatest Poet, the first English-language documentary feature about the poet, the days of Du Fu as China’s best-kept literary secret seem to come to an end.(然而，随着首部关于杜甫的英文纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》的上映，杜甫作为中国保存最完好的文学秘密的日子似乎走到了尽头)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国唐代诗人杜甫的诗歌和他在中国及西方的影响力，强调了杜甫诗歌的重要性。故选A项。 话题3：大众媒体2篇 A (23-24高二下·新疆·期中)The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic(流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan(大都市的) city. Behind the scenes, international students spent the Spring Festival with local Chinese friends, and thousands of young people supported Shanghai during the coronavirus outbreak. “Filming short videos gave me a more grateful perspective on life. Using experience gained in the past, we can work together to create a brighter future,” said Yiqing Hu from Fudan University. “The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. “The Shanghai story-telling activity” has displayed China’s culture, Shanghai’s humanities, technological innovations and ability to hold international people-to-people exchanges. The event saw local members of young people coming together to discuss youth responsibilities during the complex epidemic prevention and control situation. The activity is hosted by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily, which have together formed s type of International Communication. This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. It’s hoped that better methods of communication will make it possible to construct a global community with a shared future for humankind. 1. Which one is FLASE about the short-video contests according to the text? A. It attracted both Chinese and foreign students from universities. B. Its works must describe the scenes in Shanghai. C. It witnessed young people’s great responsibility during the epidemic. D. It included showing Chinese culture, buildings, innovations. 2. What can we learn about Ruonan Lu? A. She knew how to control the pandemic. B. She mainly recorded different festival activities. C. Her videos showed all kinds of emotions. D. Her video always expressed a bright attitude. 3. What does the Shanghai communication do? A. It aims to construct a global community. B. It promotes to spread Chinese culture. C. It finds a better way to communicate. D. It achieves a shared future for mankind. 4. Where does the passage most probably come from? A. a novel B. a textbook C. a newspaper D. a magazine 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 【语篇解读】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了由上海市政府新闻办公室和中国日报在2022年8月发起的“2022我在上海过春节”和“上海故事讲述活动——防疫”短视频比赛的结束。文中描述了比赛的情况、参与者的活动经历、活动的意义以及主办方对此次活动的期望。 1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段“The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic (流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan (大都市的) city. (2022年8月，由上海市新闻办公室和中国日报社联合发起的“2022我在上海过春节”和“上海故事讲述活动——防疫”短视频比赛落下帷幕。这些比赛积极吸引了来自许多大学的数千名国际和中国学生。上海短视频制作人的原创作品描绘了这个大都市的各个部分。)”可知，该短视频比赛吸引了来自大学的中外学生，它的作品必须描述上海的场景，它见证了年轻人在疫情期间的巨大责任。选项D并未提及。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第四段““The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. (“我为短视频比赛制作的视频，展现了从绝望到快乐的各种情绪。通过这次经历，我学到了疫情控制下生活的全部本质。”来自复旦大学的学生鲁若楠说。)”可知，她的视频展示了各种各样的情感。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. (这家位于上海的战略传播机构专注于将中国的文化和信息准确地传播到世界各地。)”可知，它致力于传播中国文化。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic (流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan (大都市的) city. (2022年8月，由上海市新闻办公室和中国日报社联合发起的“2022我在上海的春节”和“上海讲故事活动——疫情防控”短视频比赛落下帷幕。这些比赛积极吸引了来自许多大学的数千名国际和中国学生。上海短视频制作人的原创作品描绘了这个大都市的各个部分。)”可知，这是一篇关于活动报道的文章，提到了比赛、学生参与情况以及活动目的等，最有可能来源于报纸。故选C项。 B In this new digital era, farmers are finding ways to keep pace with the times while still holding fast to their traditions. In the quiet and excluded parts of rural China, Xiang Qing, a man born in 1990, leads a life quite unlike the noisy urban existence that defines modernity. His home is Guzhang county, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous region, which is located deep in western Hunan province. Xiang Qing and his 23-year-old nephew, Xiang Hong, jointly operate a video channel called “Shan Bai”. Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers. “Life here unfolds at its own pace. We grow crops and vegetables and occasionally purchase meat at the market,” Xiang Qing said. “I’ve come across numerous comments from people who watch our videos while lying in bed at night after a busy day of work, finding them truly relaxing and comforting. I think it’s great, and it’s in line with our initial intentions.” Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger. “Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said. Following in his uncle’s footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle. Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways. 5. Why do Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong work as video bloggers? A. To pursue personal fame and wealth. B. To promote the business of film-making. C. To financially support their whole family. D. To popularize the lifestyle in their hometown. 6. What can we learn about Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Xiang Qing influenced Xiang Hong’s career option. B. Xiao Hong quit his first job and switched to video making. C. They reached a decision of returning to hometown together. D. They got involved in each step of the video production process. 7. Which of the following best describes Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Modest and responsible. B. Diligent and optimistic. C. Devoted and innovative. D. Ambitious and demanding. 【答案】5. D 6. A 7. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了向清和向洪叔侄俩通过制作视频博客，展示中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了众多年轻城市观众的关注。 5. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers.(通过他们的视频，他们展示了中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了许多年轻的城市观众。)”可知，他们制作视频博客是为了推广家乡的生活方式。故选D项。 6. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger.(五年前，向清辞去了在上海的客服代表工作，回到了家乡古丈县，开始了视频博主的新征程。)”以及倒数第二段“Following in his uncle's footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle.(追随叔叔的脚步，向洪做出了同样改变人生的决定。去年大学毕业后，他也于今年 4 月从湖南常德回到家乡，与叔叔一起涉足视频制作领域。)”可知，向清影响了向洪的职业选择。故选A项。 7. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways.(现在，他们的视频频道“山白”已经吸引了超过 5980 万粉丝。向清自己设计、拍摄和编辑视频。向红担任视频主持人。向清的妻子龙玲玲负责视频账号的日常运营，其他家庭成员也以不同的方式为视频制作过程做出贡献。)”可知，向清和向洪是创新的，他们通过视频博客展示了中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了众多年轻城市观众的关注。再根据文章第四段““Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said.(“早在 2012 年，当我还是一名大学生时，视频制作就激发了我的热情，而且它一直是一种深刻而持久的兴趣，”他说。)”可知，向清和向洪是有激情和奉献精神的，他们对视频制作充满热情，并将其转化为制作视频博客的动力。故选C项。 话题4：运动文化4篇 A Marathon is one of the most difficult races in track and field, at a little over 42 kilometers. To be a world-class marathoner, you must run that distance in two and a half hours. But for some, completing a marathon race is a lifelong dream. Jacqueline’s dream of being a world-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya. She soon realized she had the talent and the willpower to compete. She also knew she would have to train full-time, which meant not being able to work to help support her family. But she was confident that she could bring home prize money. Jacqueline traveled to China to compete in the Zheng-Kai marathon knowing she had a good shot at winning the race, but more importantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it. She was leading the women’s division when a male runner arrived at the water station. The man had trouble drinking water because a birth defect (缺陷) had left him without hands, and he struggled to drink from a plastic bottle. But any assistance from fans or race officials would result in his disqualification. Jacqueline noticed the man and immediately knew that he needed help. She grabbed a water bottle and helped him get the water his body needed to complete the race. Runner after runner passed Jacqueline. Her hopes of winning were getting lost in numerous runners ahead of her. With only 4 kilometers left in the race, and certain that the male runner would now finish, Jacqueline picked up her pace and finally finished second. That day, Jacqueline missed out on first place, but she finished something more important: humanity. She returned home with the smaller prize of second place, but to her family, she brought home something much more valuable to home: the right example. 1. What can we know about Jacqueline from paragraph 2? A. Her goal was to win a championship. B. Her family opposed her going for a run. C. She was born with little sports gift. D. She had to train full-time to achieve her dream. 2. Why did the male runner struggle to drink from a plastic bottle? A. No assistance was allowed. B. He was disabled. C. He had no access to the water station. D. He competed with other runners for water. 3. What happened after Jacqueline helped the male runner? A. She won second place at last. B. She was disqualified for going against rules. C. She was criticised by her family. D. She fell behind several runners and gave up. 4. What is the attitude of Jacqueline’s family towards her deed? A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Indifferent. D. Disappointed 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 【知识点】记叙文、善行义举(个人)、体育精神 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马拉松选手杰奎琳在中国参加马拉松比赛时因帮助一位残疾男选手喝水耽误了比赛只得到了第二名的成绩，但是她并不觉得遗憾，因为她的行动体现了人性的光辉。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Jacqueline’s dream of being a world-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya.(杰奎琳成为世界级跑步运动员的梦想始于她在肯尼亚的小时候。)和“She also knew she would have to train full-time, which meant not being able to work to help support her family. (她也知道自己必须全职训练，这意味着她无法工作来养家糊口。)可知，杰奎琳为实现她的梦想，不得不进行全职训练，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The man had trouble drinking water because a birth defect had left him without hands, and he struggled to drink from a plastic bottle.(这名男子饮水困难，因为先天缺陷导致他没有手，他挣扎着从一个塑料瓶子里喝水。)可知，男跑步者挣扎着用塑料瓶喝水是因为他有残疾。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“With only 4 kilometers left in the race, and certain that the male runner would now finish, Jacqueline picked up her pace and finally finished second.(在比赛只剩下4公里的时候，杰奎琳肯定男选手会完成比赛，她加快了速度，最终获得了第二名。)可知，杰奎琳帮助男选手后，最终取得了第二名。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ She returned home with the smaller prize of second place, but to her family, she brought home something much more valuable to home: the right example.(她带着第二名的小奖回家了，但对她的家人来说，她带回了对家更有价值的东西：正确的榜样。)可知，她的家人认为她做的事是正确的，说明她的家人是支持她的。故选B。 B A woman who lost one leg to cancer broke a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days. A marathon is a race that goes 42 kilometres. Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lives in Arizona, set her goal in mid-January in 2022. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. Most of the time, she runs on roads and trails near her home in Gilbert, Arizona. Sometimes she completes her runs on a running machine called a treadmill. Hunt-Broersma averages just over five hours to complete the runs. She kept successfully completing marathon-length runs every day, reaching her goal by April 28. She would then hold the world record for completing 102 back-to-back marathon runs. The current world record of 101 marathons was set April 10 by British runner Kate Jayden. The 35-year-old Jayden does not have a disability. Hunt-Broersma, a native of South Africa, lost the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001. Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. But Hunt-Broersma says her investment has been well worth it. However, she faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, she felt near collapse at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. One of her recent runs was the world-famous Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts. She finished that race, held April 18, with a time of 5 hours, 5 minutes. Hunt-Broersma’s main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is documenting her progress online and has also gained a large social media following. Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others, regardless of their own physical limitations. She often tells people, “You’re stronger than you think—and you’re capable of so much more.” 5. How did Hunt-Broersma complete the continuous marathon record mostly? A. By training in the park. B. With the help of special equipment. C. Through hard running on ordinary roads. D. By participating in the official Marathon. 6. According to the text, when did Hunt-Broersma break a world record? A. By April 10. B. On April 18. C. By April 28. D. At the beginning of May. 7. Why did Hunt-Broersma insist on running a marathon? A. She wanted to have more fans. B. She wanted to prove herself. C. She loved this sport since childhood. D. This sport didn’t require a lot of investment. 8. Which is the idea reflected in the text? A. Promise is debt. B. A close mouth catches no flies. C. One false move may lose the game. D. Holding on to the last can overcome difficulties. 【答案】5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 【知识点】体育健身 、记叙文、体育精神 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻类记叙文。Jacky Hunt-Broersma身残志坚，102天坚持跑马拉松，创造一项新的世界纪录。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“Most of the time, she runs on roads and trails near her home in Gilbert, Arizona. (大多数时候，她在亚利桑那州吉尔伯特家附近的公路和小径上跑步)”可知。Hunt Broersma一般是通过普通道路上的持续奔跑，完成马拉松连续纪录。故选C。 6. 细节理解题。根据第四段“She kept successfully completing marathon-length runs every day, reaching her goal by April 28. She would then hold the world record for completing 102 back-to-back marathon runs. (她每天都成功地完成了马拉松长度的跑步，并在4月28日达到了目标。届时，她将保持102次连续跑完马拉松的世界纪录)”和第一段“A woman who lost one leg to cancer broke a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days. (一名因癌症失去一条腿的女子在102天内跑完了102次马拉松，打破了世界纪录)”可知，Hunt-Broersma在4月28日打破世界纪录。故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others, regardless of their own physical limitations. She often tells people, “You’re stronger than you think—and you’re capable of so much more.” (Hunt-Broersma希望激发其他人的单一想法，无论他们自己的身体缺陷如何。她经常告诉人们：“你比你想象的更强大，你有能力做得更多。”)”可知，Hunt-Broersma一直坚持跑步自己的原因是想证明自己，虽然残疾，但是也可以成功。故选B。 8. 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“However, she faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. (然而，在打破纪录的尝试中，她面临着身体和精神上的双重困难)”和最后一段“She often tells people, “You’re stronger than you think—and you’re capable of so much more.” (她经常告诉人们：“你比你想象的更强大，你有能力做得更多。”)”可知她在这一过程中遇到过困难，有退缩的想法，但最终完成了自己的目标并以此激励了更多人，所以D选项“Holding on to the last can overcome difficulties. (坚持到底可以克服困难)”在文中体现。故选D。 C (24-25高二上·江苏宿迁·期中)The Chinese delegation’s excellent performance in Paris has carried forward the spirit of Chinese sports, as well as the Olympic spirit. In the quarterfinal match of the men’s table tennis at the 2024 Paris Olympics, Fan Zhendong delivered a dramatic performance that captivated fans worldwide. The match started with Fan Zhendong falling behind 0-2. Zhangbenzhihe capitalized on his aggressive play and precision, almost no mistakes. Then, Fan adjusted tactics quickly, leveling the score at 2-2. This comeback was testament to Fan’s resilience and adaptability. Just when it seemed Fan might seize control of this match, Zhangbenzhihe edged ahead again, bringing the score to 2-3. After fierce battle, Fan’s unwavering spirit propelled him to equalize once more at 3-3. Fan Zhendong turned the tide and fought until the last ball, ultimately winning 4-3 against the Japanese player Zhangbenzhihe, advancing to the semifinal. This remarkable victory highlighted the sportsmanship of our players. The spirit of sports teaches us that the journey is often more important than the destination. It’s about pushing our limits, testing our endurance, and overcoming obstacles. Whether we’re running the last mile of a marathon, fighting for the final point in a tennis match, or defending our goal in a soccer game, the essence of sports lies in our refusal to surrender. When we face setbacks, it’s easy to feel disheartened. But it’s in these moments that the spirit of sports shines the brightest. It reminds us to dust ourselves off, to stand up taller, and to keep moving forward. Every athlete, at some point, has faced the temptation to quit, but it’s the ones who persevere that write the history of sports. The spirit of sports is not just about winning. It’s about the lessons we learn on the field, the character we build through adversity, and the bonds we forge with our teammates. It’s about the countless hours of practice, the sacrifices we make, and the dreams we chase. It’s about never ever giving up, no matter how to ugh the challenge may be. So, let’s cheer louder, run faster, and reach higher, for in the heart of every athlete, the flame of determination burns eternal-never ever give up. 9. What does paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The Chinese delegation excels at self-discipline. B. The Chinese delegation cares a lot about the medals. C. The Chinese delegation breathes life into the Olympics. D. The Chinese delegation highlights sports spirit in the Olympics. 10. What was the fourth score Fan Zhendong against Zhangbenzhihe? A. 4 to 3 B. 2 to 2 C. 3 to 3 D. 2 to 3 11. What can we learn from Fan zheng dong? A. Luck plays a crucial role in winning. B. Opponents are not important in a game. C. Talent is more important than hard work. D. Perseverance and skills contribute to success. 12. What is the essence of sports according to last three paragraphs? A. Never letting go. B. Embracing the victory. C. Throwing in the towel. D. Having a strong constitution. 【答案】9. D 10. C 11. D 12. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过讲述中国乒乓球队员樊振东在2024年巴黎奥运会男子乒乓球四分之一决赛中逆转获胜的精彩表现，阐述了体育精神的内涵，强调体育精神在于永不放弃、不断突破自我等。 9. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Chinese delegation’s excellent performance in Paris has carried forward the spirit of Chinese sports, as well as the Olympic spirit.(中国代表团在巴黎的出色表现弘扬了中国体育精神以及奥林匹克精神)”可知，第一段意在告诉我们中国代表团在奥运会上彰显了体育精神。故选D项。 10. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Just when it seemed Fan might seize control of this match, Zhangbenzhihe edged ahead again, bringing the score to 2-3. After fierce battle, Fan’s unwavering spirit propelled him to equalize once more at 3-3(就在樊振东似乎要掌控这场比赛的时候，张本智和再次领先，比分变为 2-3。经过激烈的战斗，樊振东坚定不移的精神促使他再次将比分扳平为 3-3)”可知，樊振东与张本智和比赛时的第四个比分是 3-3。故选C项。 11. 推理判断题。根据第二段“The match started with Fan Zhendong falling behind 0-2. Zhangbenzhihe capitalized on his aggressive play and precision, almost no mistakes. Then, Fan adjusted tactics quickly, leveling the score at 2-2. This comeback was testament to Fan’s resilience and adaptability. Just when it seemed Fan might seize control of this match, Zhangbenzhihe edged ahead again, bringing the score to 2-3. After fierce battle, Fan’s unwavering spirit propelled him to equalize once more at 3-3. Fan Zhendong turned the tide and fought until the last ball, ultimately winning 4-3 against the Japanese player Zhangbenzhihe, advancing to the semifinal. This remarkable victory highlighted the sportsmanship of our players(比赛开始时，樊振东以0-2落后。张本智和凭借其激进的打法和精准度，几乎没有失误。随后，樊振东迅速调整战术，将比分追平至2-2。这一逆转充分证明了樊振东的韧性和适应能力。就在樊振东似乎要掌控比赛局面时，张本智和再次领先，比分变为2-3。经过激烈的争夺，樊振东凭借不屈的精神再次将比分扳平至3-3。最终，樊振东扭转局势，战斗到最后一刻，以4-3战胜日本选手张本智和，晋级半决赛。这场非凡的胜利彰显了我们运动员的运动精神)”可知文中描述樊振东在比赛开始 0-2 落后的情况下，迅速调整战术，多次扳平比分，最终以 4-3 逆转获胜，樊振东凭借坚持不懈的毅力以及自身的技能最终获得了成功，所以我们能从他身上学到坚持不懈和技能都有助于成功。故选D项。 12. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The spirit of sports teaches us that the journey is often more important than the destination. It’s about pushing our limits, testing our endurance, and overcoming obstacles (体育精神告诉我们，过程往往比结果更重要。它关乎突破我们的极限，考验我们的耐力，克服障碍)”、倒数第二段“When we face setbacks, it’s easy to feel disheartened. But it’s in these moments that the spirit of sports shines the brightest. It reminds us to dust ourselves off, to stand up taller, and to keep moving forward. Every athlete, at some point, has faced the temptation to quit, but it’s the ones who persevere that write the history of sports(当我们遇到挫折时，很容易感到沮丧。但正是在这些时刻，体育精神最为闪耀。它提醒我们拍拍身上的尘土，站得更高，继续前进。每位运动员在某个时刻都曾面临过放弃的诱惑，但正是那些坚持不懈的人书写了体育的历史)”以及最后一段“The spirit of sports is not just about winning. It’s about the lessons we learn on the field, the character we build through adversity, and the bonds we forge with our teammates. It’s about the countless hours of practice, the sacrifices we make, and the dreams we chase. It’s about never ever giving up, no matter how to ugh the challenge may be(运动精神不仅仅是关于胜利。它关乎我们在赛场上学到的教训，通过逆境建立的品格，以及与队友们结成的纽带。它关乎无数小时的训练，我们所做的牺牲，以及我们追逐的梦想。它是关于无论挑战多么艰难，永不放弃)”可知，体育过程往往比结果更重要，运动精神不仅仅是关于胜利。它关乎我们在赛场上学到的教训，通过逆境建立的品格，以及与队友们结成的纽带。它关乎无数小时的训练，我们所做的牺牲，以及我们追逐的梦想，可推理出体育的本质是永不放弃。故选A项。 D (24-25高二上·湖南·期中)Wearable technology is more popular than ever. From smartwatches to health-tracking rings, we can constantly monitor(监测) our sleep patterns, heart rates, and even blood oxygen levels. While research indicates that these devices often promote increased physical activity and healthier lifestyles, there can be a bad point when the constant stream of data becomes too powerful. A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that wearing fitness trackers to monitor heart conditions like atrial fibrillation — an irregular heartbeat — can make people more anxious about their health. So, how can we keep a balance in a world full of numbers? Experts share how wearable technology can shape our minds — and offer tips for managing the stress it can bring. “The more we attend to something, the more we’re training the brain to worry about it,” says Joanna Hardis, a specialist. “This can make it abstruse to break the negative cycle of checking your fitness tracker and worrying.” Robert Goldel, a scientist studying wearable technology, says fitness trackers can lead to “data overload”, especially when users struggle to explain or manage the information. In fact, a 2019 study from the University of Copenhagen showed that many people rely on fitness tracker data as if it were medical advice, often bringing unnecessary fear and anxiety. “This kind of data so readily available can be hard to ignore when we are literally wearing devices that inform us and serve as visual reminders throughout the day,” says Kate Miskevics, a licensed therapist. Despite the mental strain wearables can cause, their popularity keeps rising. According to the Pew Research Center, nearly one in five U.S. adults regularly uses a smartwatch or fitness tracker. Thankfully, there are ways to manage the anxiety these devices can bring. Hardis says starting by thinking about the way we use them may be the solution. She explains training for a 5K run is one thing, but that obsessively tracking every heart rate is another. If your wearable brings fear, it’s time to rejudge that relationship. 13. What is the main disadvantage of wearables mentioned? A. They can be expensive. B. They may cause some worries. C. They result in unhealthy lifestyles. D. They often fail to provide correct data. 14. Which can best replace the underlined word “abstruse” in paragraph 3? A. Difficult. B. Possible. C. Meaningless. D. Acceptable. 15. What is Kate’s attitude towards the use of fitness trackers? A. Uncaring. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Critical. 16. What may Hardis’ suggestion be? A. Turning to wearables when exercising. B. Running regularly to keep a healthy heart. C. Reconsidering how to use wearable technology. D. Seeking professional advice instead of relying on data. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. D 16. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可穿戴设备虽然能促进健康生活方式，但过度依赖和频繁监测可能导致焦虑和数据过载，专家建议重新审视使用方式以平衡其利弊。 13. 细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that wearing fitness trackers to monitor heart conditions like atrial fibrillation — an irregular heartbeat — can make people more anxious about their health. (最近发表在《美国心脏协会杂志》上的一项研究发现，佩戴健身追踪器来监测房颤——一种不规则的心跳——等心脏状况会让人们更加担心自己的健康)”可知，可穿戴设备的主要缺点是可能会引起一些担忧。故选B项。 14. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“The more we attend to something, the more we’re training the brain to worry about it (我们对某件事关注得越多，我们就越在训练大脑去担心它)”和下文“to break the negative cycle of checking your fitness tracker and worrying (打破查看健身追踪器和担心的恶性循环)”可知，关注某事意味着让大脑去担心某事，因此这会让打破这种恶性循环变得很困难，画线词意思应该与Difficult“困难的”相近。故选A项。 15. 推理判断题。根据第四段中Kate Miskevics所说的话“This kind of data so readily available can be hard to ignore when we are literally wearing devices that inform us and serve as visual reminders throughout the day (当我们真的戴着设备时，这种随时可用的数据很难被忽视，这些设备整天都在通知我们，并作为视觉提醒)”可知，Kate特别强调了这些数据很难被忽视，设备整天都在强烈地提醒使用者。由此可知，她对此持批判态度。故选D项。 16. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hardis says starting by thinking about the way we use them may be the solution. She explains training for a 5K run is one thing, but that obsessively tracking every heart rate is another. If your wearable brings fear, it’s time to rejudge that relationship. (Hardis说，从思考我们使用它们的方式开始可能是解决方案。她解释说，训练5公里跑是一回事，但痴迷地跟踪每一次心率是另一回事。如果你的可穿戴设备带来了恐惧，那么是时候重新审视这段关系了)”可知，Hardis的建议应该是重新考虑如何使用可穿戴技术。故选C项。 话题5： 医疗健康和科技5篇 A Drinking some alcohol(酒) was once thought to have benefits for the heart, but better research methods have thrown cold water on that. “Drinking less is a great way to be healthier,” said Dr. Timothy Naimi, who directs the Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research at the University of Victoria in British Columbia. Guidelines vary a lot from country to country but the overall trend is toward drinking less. The United Kingdom, France, Denmark, Holland and Australia recently reviewed new evidence and lowered their alcohol consumption recommendations. Ireland will require cancer warning labels on alcohol starting in 2026. “People of my age are way more accepting of it,” said Tessa Weber, 28, of Austin, Texas. She stopped drinking this year because she’d noticed alcohol was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results — better sleep, more energy — and has stuck with it. “It’s good to reevaluate your relationship with alcohol,” Weber said. How many drinks can you have per day? That depends. Drinking raises the risk of several types of cancer, including colon, liver, breast and mouth and throat. Alcohol breaks down in the body into a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage your cells and stop them from repairing themselves. That creates the conditions for cancer to grow. “Thousands of US deaths per year could be prevented if people followed the government’s dietary guidelines, which advise men to limit themselves to two drinks or fewer per day and women to one drink or fewer per day,” Naimi said. One drink is the equivalent of about one12 - ounce(盎司) can of beer, a 5 - ounce glass of wine or a shot of liquor. Naimi served on an advisory committee that wanted to lower the recommendation for men to one drink per day. That advice was considered and rejected when the federal recommendations came out in 2020. “The simple message that’s best supported by the evidence is that, if you drink, less is better when it comes to health,” Naimi said. 1. What is Tessa Weber’s attitude to the new guideline on alcohol drinking? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear. 2. What do we know about acetaldehyde? A. It encourages people to drink less. B. It benefits the repairs of heart cells. C. It keeps alcohol from breaking down. D. It contributes to the growth of cancer. 3. How much alcohol is a man recommended to drink at most per day by the US government? A. A 5-ounce glass of wine. B. A-6-ounce can of beer. C. A 10-ounce glass of wine. D. A 12-ounce can of beer. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. New Research on Types of Cancer B. Alcoholics Are on the Rise in the US C. Risks and Benefits of Drinking Alcohol D. Less Alcohol Is Better for Health 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了关于饮酒与健康关系的研究发现和建议，包括不同国家对于饮酒指南的更新、个人对于减少饮酒的看法，以及酒精对健康的潜在风险等内容。 1. 推理判断题。根据第三段““People of my age are way more accepting of it,” said Tessa Weber, 28, of Austin, Texas. She stopped drinking this year because she’d noticed alcohol was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results — better sleep, more energy — and has stuck with it. “It’s good to reevaluate your relationship with alcohol,” Weber said.(德克萨斯州奥斯汀市28岁的Tessa Weber说：“像我这样年纪的人更容易接受它。”她今年戒了酒，因为她发现酒精增加了她的焦虑。她喜欢这样做的效果——更好的睡眠，更有活力——并坚持了下来。“重新评估你与酒精的关系是件好事，”Weber说)”可知，Tessa Weber对新饮酒指南持积极态度。故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“How many drinks can you have per day? That depends. Drinking raises the risk of several types of cancer, including colon, liver, breast and mouth and throat. Alcohol breaks down in the body into a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage your cells and stop them from repairing themselves. That creates the conditions for cancer to grow.(你每天能喝多少饮料？那得看情况。饮酒会增加患几种癌症的风险，包括结肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、口腔癌和咽喉癌。酒精在体内分解成一种叫做乙醛的物质，它会损害你的细胞，阻止它们自我修复。这就为癌症的生长创造了条件)”可知，可知，乙醛有助于癌症的生长。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Thousands of US deaths per year could be prevented if people followed the government’s dietary guidelines, which advise men to limit themselves to two drinks or fewer per day and women to one drink or fewer per day,” Naimi said. One drink is the equivalent of about one12 - ounce (盎司) can of beer, a 5 - ounce glass of wine or a shot of liquor.(纳伊米说：“如果人们遵循政府的饮食指南，建议男性每天饮酒不超过两杯，女性每天饮酒不超过一杯，那么美国每年数千人的死亡是可以避免的。”一杯饮料相当于一罐12盎司的啤酒，一杯5盎司的葡萄酒或一杯白酒)”可知，美国政府建议男性饮酒不超过两杯，而一杯相当于杯5盎司的葡萄酒，也就是一天不超过一杯10盎司的葡萄酒。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Drinking some alcohol(酒) was once thought to have benefits for the heart, but better research methods have thrown cold water on that. “Drinking less is a great way to be healthier,” said Dr. Timothy Naimi, who directs the Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research at the University of Victoria in British Columbia.(人们曾经认为喝点酒对心脏有益，但更好的研究方法却给这一观点泼了一盆冷水。“少喝酒是保持健康的好方法，”不列颠哥伦比亚省维多利亚大学加拿大物质使用研究所所长蒂莫西·纳伊米博士说)”以及纵观全文可知，“少喝酒是保持健康的好方法”，这是文章的主旨，后文围绕这一主旨展开论述，说明少喝酒的好处，如可以降低患癌风险等，由此可知选项D“Less Alcohol Is Better for Health(少喝酒对健康有好处)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 B (24-25高二上·黑龙江鸡西·期中)A new study of the elderly has found napping (小睡) too much in daytime may signal an increasing risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers from Brigham and Women’s Hospital have reported the relationship between the two: napping too much in daytime predicts an increased future risk of Alzheimer’s, and a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s speeds up the increase in napping during aging. “Daytime sleep behavior of older adults is often ignored, and an agreement for napping in clinical practice and health care is still lacking,” said Peng Li, one of the researchers. “Our team calls for a closer attention to 24-hour sleep patterns — not only nighttime sleep but also a nap — for tracking the health of the elderly. The researchers recognized that all previous studies on Alzheimer’s disease assessed napping within a participant only once, and most of them were subjective and questionnaire—based. In the new study, more than 1,000 individuals, with an average age of 81, were provided with Actical, a watch-like device, to wear on their wrist for up to 14 days. After nap episodes were identified, the nap duration and frequency were calculated. The results have suggested that napping too much in daytime may signal an increasing risk of Alzheimer’s, and that faster yearly increase in napping may be a sign of worsening or unfavourable clinical development of the disease. Researchers have acknowledged that although the method of the new study has been widely used in sleep field studies, they recognize that polysomnography (多导睡眠描记) is the gold standard for sleep scoring. Moreover, the participants studied were the elderly, and therefore, the findings may not be easily translated to young people. In addition, future studies should test whether a direct intervention in a nap can lower the risk of Alzheimer’s. “We hope to draw more attention to daytime sleep patterns and the importance of patients noting if their sleep schedule changes over time,” said co-senior author Kun Hu of the Medical Biodynamics Program. “Sleep changes are critical in shaping the internal changes in the brain.” 5. What does the new study of the elderly show? A. The link between a nap and Alzheimer’s. B. The causes and symptoms of Alzheimer’s. C. The proper amounts of daytime sleep. D. The ways to improve the quality of sleep. 6. How did the researchers conduct the new study? A. By asking about the participants’ ideas. B. By carrying out a particular questionnaire. C. By tracking participants’ sleep with a device. D. By assessing participants calculating tasks. 7. What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A. The method of the new study is perfect. B. The findings are suitable for all ages. C. Further studies should be carried out. D. Intervention can reduce the risk of Alzheirmer’s. 8. What does Kun Hu talk about? A. The patterns of daytime sleep. B. The way to make sleep schedules. C. The causes of brain changes. D. The significance of the new study. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C 8. D 【知识点】疾病 、科普知识 、说明文 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现老年人白天睡眠过多会增加患阿尔茨海默病的概率。 5. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study of the elderly has found napping (小睡) too much in daytime may signal an increasing risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers from Brigham and Women’s Hospital have reported the relationship between the two: napping too much in daytime predicts an increased future risk of Alzheimer’s, and a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s speeds up the increase in napping during aging.(一项针对老年人的新研究发现，白天小睡过多可能会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险。布莱根妇女医院的研究人员报告了两者之间的关系：白天小睡过多预示着未来患阿尔茨海默氏症的风险增加，而阿尔茨海默氏症的诊断会加速衰老过程中午睡的增加)”可知，新的研究发现了老年人的白天睡眠时间和阿尔茨海默病之间的关系。故选A。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the new study, more than 1,000 individuals, with an average age of 81, were provided with Actical, a watch-like device, to wear on their wrist for up to 14 days.(在这项新研究中，研究人员为1000多名平均年龄为81岁的人提供了一种类似手表的设备，让他们在手腕上佩戴长达14天的时间)”可知，研究人员的研究方法是通过使用设备跟踪参与者的睡眠。故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据第五段“In addition, future studies should test whether a direct intervention in a nap can lower the risk of Alzheimer’s.(此外，未来的研究应该测试是否直接干预午睡可以降低患阿尔茨海默氏症的风险)”可知，还需再开展进一步的研究。故选C。 8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段““We hope to draw more attention to daytime sleep patterns and the importance of patients noting if their sleep schedule changes over time,” said co-senior author Kun Hu of the Medical Biodynamics Program. “Sleep changes are critical in shaping the internal changes in the brain.”(医学生物动力学项目的资深作者胡坤说：“我们希望引起人们对白天睡眠模式的更多关注，以及患者注意他们的睡眠时间表是否会随着时间的推移而改变的重要性。睡眠变化对大脑内部变化的形成至关重要。”)”可知，Kun Hu主要谈到了这项新研究的意义。故选D。 C (24-25高二上·江西新余·期中)One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Today in Britain, for example, about four hundred people a day die of heart disease. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease b exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress in their work. However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however, the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery. Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages. First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform surgery even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary — because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government office recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year. 9. What effect has modern technology had on medicine? A. It has reduced the costs of medical treatment. B. It hasn’t helped save any patients. C. It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgery. D. It has helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease. 10. What does the underlined word “recover” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Boost. B. Spring up. C. Get back. D. Pick up 11. The author would agree that ______. A. more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease B. heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions C. modern technology has made heart surgery more risky than before D. the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease 12. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Greatest Killer in the West B. Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent? C. Old Technology and Heart Surgery D. Heart Surgery: Merits 【答案】9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 【知识点】医疗 、社会问题与社会现象、说明文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了西方国家心脏病的问题，包括其高死亡率、预防措施的不足以及现代技术对心脏病治疗的影响，同时指出了过分强调手术治疗存在的弊端。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery.(这种对治疗的重视显然与过去10到15年发生的技术进步有关。在这段时间里，现代技术使医生能够开发出新的手术技术。许多几年前被认为是不可能或太危险的手术现在每天都在美国的医院里进行。结果是心脏手术的数量大幅增加)”可知，现代技术使得医生能够开发新的手术技术，从而导致了心脏手术数量的巨大增加。因此，现代技术对医学的影响是鼓励医生进行更多的心脏手术。故选C项。 10. 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent.(在医院购买了现代心脏手术所需的昂贵设备后，他们必须设法recover所花费的钱)”和下文“To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment.(为了做到这一点，他们提高了所有病人的费用，而不仅仅是那些治疗需要设备的病人)”可知，医院提高了所有病人的费用是为了“赚回”购买昂贵设备所花费的钱，即“get back”。故选C项。 11. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention.(首先，它使人们的兴趣和资金从预防问题上转移开)”以及整段内容对手术治疗弊端的讨论可知，作者认为当前过分强调手术治疗而忽视了预防，因此可以推断出作者会同意“应该在预防心脏病上投入更多的资金”这一观点。故选A项。 12. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了心脏病作为西方国家的主要杀手，其预防措施的不足以及现代技术对心脏病治疗的影响，同时指出了过分强调手术治疗存在的弊端。因此，文章的核心议题是心脏病的治疗与预防之间的关系。B项“Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent?(心脏病：治疗还是预防？)”最能概括文章主旨，作为标题最合适。A项“The Greatest Killer in the West(西方最大的杀手)”只涉及了文章的部分内容，没有涵盖治疗与预防的讨论；C项“Old Technology and Heart Surgery(旧技术和心脏手术)”与文章内容不符，因为文章讨论的是现代技术对心脏手术的影响；D项“Heart Surgery: Merits(心脏手术：优点)”只涉及了手术治疗的一方面，没有涵盖预防的重要性。故选B项。 D (24-25高二上·广东清远·期中)Louis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist. He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine(狂犬病疫苗). The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva(唾液) entering an existing wound. After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body. By studying the tissue of infected animals — rabbits, Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus. This could be used for inoculation(接种). On July 6, 1885, Pasteur tested his vaccine on a man for the first time. He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method. The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end Joseph recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment. On March 1886, Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases, the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching. Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died. The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centres in the world. Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways. He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28, 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the lab is safer and requires a shorter course of injections. 13. Rabies probably can destroy a person’s ________. A. nervous system B. blood C. skin D. saliva 14. What can we learn about Pasteur’s test of his vaccine on the man? A. It didn’t save the man’s life. B. The man was his second patient. C. It proved to be a great success. D. The man was sent to a clinic ten days later. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Pasteur’s rabies vaccine is out of date. B. A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients. C. Injections of vaccine still take much time. D. Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine. 16. What’s the text mainly about? A. The treatment for rabies. B. The introduction to rabies vaccine. C. An analysis of the cause of rabies. D. Pasteur’s devotion to rabies vaccine. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. D 16. D 【知识点】医疗 、记叙文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了路易·巴斯德发明狂犬病疫苗的过程及其影响。 13. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body.(经过对患病动物唾液的实验，巴斯德得出结论，这种疾病存在于身体的中枢神经系统中)”可知，狂犬病可能会破坏人的神经系统。故选A。 14. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog.(他救了一位名叫约瑟夫·梅斯特的年轻人，这位年轻人被一只狂犬咬伤)”和“The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end he recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment.(治疗持续了10天，最终他康复并且保持健康。自那以后，数千人的生命因此得以挽救)”可知，巴斯德的疫苗测试取得了巨大成功。故选C。 15. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.(巴斯德方法的改进版本至今仍在狂犬病治疗中使用。一种更新的疫苗含有从实验室培养的人类细胞中提取的病毒，更加安全且所需的注射次数较少)”可推知，狂犬病疫苗已经有了很大的改进。故选D。 16. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine (狂犬病疫苗).(他尤其以狂犬病疫苗的工作而闻名)”和文章最后一段“Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.(巴斯德方法的改进版本至今仍在狂犬病治疗中使用。一种更新的疫苗含有从实验室培养的人类细胞中提取的病毒，更加安全且所需的注射次数较少)”可知，文章主要围绕路易·巴斯德为狂犬病疫苗所作出的奉献来展开。故选D。 E (24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期中)Over the past few centuries, we have dug, burned, drilled, pumped, lit, launched, driven, and flown our way to adding 2.4 trillion metric tons of carbon dioxide to Earth’s atmosphere. That’s as much CO₂ as would be given off annually by 522 billion cars, or 65 cars per person living today. On a lonely, lunar-like valley of Iceland, Edda Aradottir is on a mission to put CO₂ back where it came from. She’s returning a tiny bit of it today but much, much more of it in the years ahead. In sending CO₂ deep beneath the surface of the planet, she’s aiming to reverse one of the most challenging acts of human history: the dugging of massive amounts of carbon under the ground as fossil fuels. Aradottir shows how CO₂ caught from the air is mixed with water, then fed through a complicated and detailed system of pipes that course downward 2,500 feet or so. There, the dissolved (溶解的) carbon dioxide meets porous basalt, a type of dark rock that comes from volcanoes, creating cream-colored spots in the rock below. Scientists like Aradottir are working on ambitious projects to remove carbon dioxide from the air and lock it away. In Arizona, an engineering professor shows his “mechanical trees”, a single one of which he says may someday be able to do the work of a thousand regular trees in catching and storing CO₂. In Australia, a leading oceanographer shows that seaweed is the answer, if only we’d help it grow in giant underwater gardens that could store billions of tons of carbon dioxide. In Zürich, an Uruguayan inventor presents a small bottle of fuel made from nothing but sunlight and air. That may be the most amazing of all the forms of carbon removal we’ve come across, as it suggests we may one day be able to make the best of carbon in a continuous cycle of zero-emission energy. Maybe. One day. 17. What purpose do the figures in paragraph 1 serve? A. To show the necessity of removing carbon dioxide. B. To inspire readers’ interest in environmental protection. C. To highlight the amount of cars existing in the world today. D. To explain a commonly accepted reason for global warming. 18. The underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_______”. A. criticize B. conduct C. overturn D. approve 19. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. Aradottir’s daily routine. B. Aradottir’s field of study. C. The cost of Aradottir’s project. D. The explanation of Aradottir’s system. 20. What does the author think of the carbon removal projects? A. Educational. B. Expensive. C. Efficient. D. Promising. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 【知识点】发明与创造 、说明文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了处理大气中二氧化碳的几项研究和措施。 17. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“That’s as much CO₂ as would be given off annually by 522 billion cars, or 65 cars per person living today. (这相当于5220亿辆汽车每年排放的二氧化碳，相当于今天每人65辆汽车)”可知，这些数字表明人类向大自然排放了大量的二氧化碳，表明处理二氧化碳的必要性，故选A。 18. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“In sending CO₂ deep beneath the surface of the planet (在将二氧化碳送到地表以下深处的过程中)”以及“the dugging of massive amounts of carbon under the ground as fossil fuels (在地下挖掘大量的碳作为化石燃料)”可知，之前人类在地下挖掘大量的碳作为化石燃料，现在Edda Aradottir致力于将二氧化碳排放到地球表面深处。这是相反的事情，因此，reverse意为“颠倒，翻转”。A. criticize批评；B. conduct实施；C. overturn颠覆；D. approve赞成。故选C。 19. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Aradottir shows how CO₂ caught from the air is mixed with water, then fed through a complicated and detailed system of pipes that course downward 2,500 feet or so. There, the dissolved carbon dioxide meets porous basalt, a type of dark rock that comes from volcanoes, creating cream-colored spots in the rock below. (Aradottir展示了从空气中捕获的二氧化碳如何与水混合，然后通过一个复杂而详细的管道系统向下输送2500英尺左右。在那里，溶解的二氧化碳与多孔的玄武岩相遇，玄武岩是一种来自火山的深色岩石，在下面的岩石上形成了奶油色的斑点。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是对Aradottir系统的解释。故选D。 20. 推理判断题。文章最后一段中“That may be the most amazing of all the forms of carbon removal we’ve come across, as it suggests we may one day be able to make the best of carbon in a continuous cycle of zero-emission energy. Maybe. One day. (这可能是我们遇到的所有形式的碳去除中最令人惊奇的，因为它表明我们可能有一天能够在零排放能源的连续循环中充分利用碳。也许会有这一天。)”可知，作者认为碳去除项目是有前途的、有希望的。故选D。 话题6：旅游和太空探索5篇 A (24-25高二上·山东菏泽·期中)Sustainable travel is an idea that many experts within the travel industry agree on. To continue enjoying this extraordinary world, both travelers and the travel industry must adapt to be more sustainable in actions. A report reads: “At this important moment in climate history, if there is a lack of actions, by 2040 many of the world’s favorite destinations will be forced to go virtual.” What is sustainable travel? It is about traveling in a way that reduces negative impact on the climate and environment, as well as the communities and people we visit. For many years, the attention around sustainable travel was based on reducing environmental pollution. While it is still important, there is now an even more pressing issue. With the growth of a privatized(私有化的) market that means local communities aren’t benefiting much from tourism as they should, change is needed more than ever. To deal with the problem, we need to rethink how we see travel. Instead of just focusing on our own experiences, we should consider the needs of our hosts alongside our hopes for a fun-filled holiday. All it takes is a little thoughtful planning. One of the most effective ways you can make a difference when traveling is to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Wherever you choose to go, your transport will likely account for the majority of your CO2 emissions. By simple math, that means traveling shorter distances and in a way that uses less fuel(燃料) will make a big difference. And by doing so, you can visit more places and benefit more communities and people. And traveling out of peak season can be a more enriching experience. You’ll avoid the crowds at popular sights and find lower prices for hotels, restaurants and activities. For local people who work in tourism and are seasonal workers, the money they make outside of busy periods is much valued and needed. Another impactful way to be more sustainable is to stay in community-owned accommodation rather than chain hotels. It means the money you spend goes directly to local people who are serving you and need it most. 1. Why does the author mention the report in paragraph 1? A. To try to describe sustainable travel. B. To point out the main idea of the text. C. To show the urgency of sustainable travel. D. To present climate change’s effect on travel. 2. What does “an even more pressing issue” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Climate change. B. Environmental pollution. C. Fast growth of tourism. D. Little attention on locals. 3. What does the author suggest a sustainable traveler do? A. Travel less. B. Choose long trips. C. Make a package tour. D. Try off-season travel. 4. Why are community-owned hotels recommended? A. They provide better service for guests. B. They are friendlier to the environment. C. They help local people earn more money. D. They are the backbone of the local economy. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 【知识点】旅游观光、说明文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可持续旅游的重要性以及如何实现可持续旅游。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“At this important moment in climate history, if there is a lack of actions, by 2040 many of the world's favorite destinations will be forced to go virtual.(在这个气候历史的重要时刻，如果缺乏行动，到2040年，世界上许多最受欢迎的旅游目的地将被迫虚拟化。)”可知，作者提到这份报告是为了强调可持续旅游的紧迫性，指出如果不采取行动，许多旅游目的地将面临消失的风险。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据下文“With the growth of a privatized market that means local communities aren't benefiting much from tourism as they should, change is needed more than ever.(随着私有化市场的增长，这意味着当地社区并没有像他们应该的那样从旅游业中获益太多，因此比以往任何时候都更需要改变。)”可以推断出“一个更加紧迫的问题”指的是当地社区从旅游业中获益不多的问题，即缺乏对当地人的关注。因此，选项D“Little attention on locals.”(对当地人关注不足)是正确的。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“And traveling out of peak season can be a more enriching experience.(而且，在旅游淡季旅行可能是一次更加充实的体验。)”可知，作者建议可持续旅游的旅行者选择在淡季旅行。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It means the money you spend goes directly to local people who are serving you and need it most.(这意味着你花的钱直接流向了为你服务且最需要它的当地人。)”可知，推荐社区拥有的酒店是因为这样可以让旅行者花的钱直接流向当地人，帮助他们赚更多的钱。故选C。 B (24-25高二上·浙江·期中)William Lindesay, a famous Great Wall expert and conservationist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled the globe by the back paths, providing their sons with a unique growing environment. Sun hats, backpacks and sneakers (运动鞋) — these are the day-to-day must-haves for the family. Most of their trips seem far from relaxing — cultural study in the hot and dry desert, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb to three English mountaintops and a six- day train ride from Beijing to Moscow. Many assume the family must be wealthy and can afford their global travel, but they are not. Lindesay says they just choose to spend money on travel and avoid pricey hotels and restaurants where possible. Lindesay mentions the trip to Moscow as an example. Instead of taking a taxi from the railway station to the hotel, they took the subway. “We crossed the city for saving money, communicated with local people, and saw they are people just like us, everywhere. We arrived at our destination feeling comfortable.” However, their journeys, which can last weeks or months, have sometimes been inconsistent with their children’s schooling. Wu remembers once Lindesay let their elder son ask for leave so that they could go to New York for a 45-day lecture tour. Therefore the son missed his final exam. Things like that bother the family all the time. Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but traveling outside, in distant lands with different languages, cultures, and political structures, is the real test. “You can only get streetwise on the street. You can only get worldly-wise when seeing the world,” he says. 5. How can we describe the Lindesays’ trips? A. Pleasant. B. Relaxing C. Challenging. D. Dangerous. 6. What does the underlined word “inconsistent” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Distinct. B. Apparent. C. Remarkable. D. Efficient. 7. What problem does the family meet when traveling? A. They suffer from a tight budget. B. They miss some lessons and exams. C. They hold different educational ideas. D. They are faced with language barriers. 8. Which statement may Lindesay agree with according to the last paragraph? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Toughness is the best assistant of will. C. Man who travels far knows more. D. There is no royal road to learning. 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 【知识点】旅游观光、记叙文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名长城专家和环保主义者William Lindesay和妻子Wu Qi带着孩子们在全球旅行的故事，以及他们对教育的看法。 5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Most of their trips seem far from relaxing — cultural study in the hot and dry desert, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb to three English mountaintops and a six-day train ride from Beijing to Moscow.(他们的大部分旅行似乎都远非轻松——在炎热干燥的沙漠中进行文化研究，新西兰53公里的徒步旅行，一天内爬上三座英国山顶，以及从北京到莫斯科的六天火车旅行)”可知，Lindesays的旅行充满了挑战，如在炎热干燥的沙漠中进行文化研究、长距离徒步、一天内爬多座山以及长途火车旅行等。因此他们的旅行具有挑战性。故选C。 6. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“Wu remembers once Lindesay let their elder son ask for leave so that they could go to New York for a 45-day lecture tour. Therefore the son missed his final exam. Things like that bother the family all the time.(Wu记得有一次Lindesay让他们的大儿子请假，这样他们就可以去纽约进行45天的巡回演讲。因此儿子错过了期末考试。这种事一直困扰着这个家庭)”可知，他们的旅行很漫长，持续几周甚至几个月，与孩子们的学校课程安排不一致，划线词为“不一致，不同的”，与distinct意思相近。故选A。 7. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Wu remembers once Lindesay let their elder son ask for leave so that they could go to New York for a 45-day lecture tour. Therefore the son missed his final exam. Things like that bother the family all the time.(Wu记得有一次Lindesay让他们的大儿子请假，这样他们就可以去纽约进行45天的巡回演讲。因此儿子错过了期末考试。这种事一直困扰着这个家庭)”可知，由于旅行的时间较长，孩子会错过学校的一些课程和考试，这些问题一直困扰着这个家庭。故选B。 8. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but traveling outside, in distant lands with different languages, cultures, and political structures, is the real test. “You can only get streetwise on the street. You can only get worldly-wise when seeing the world,” he says.(Lindesay非常重视课外学习，他说，孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但到语言、文化和政治结构不同的遥远国度旅行才是真正的考验。“你只有在街上才能掌握街道知识。只有在看世界的时候，你才能变得善于处世，”他说)”可知，他可能同意远行可以让人增长见识这一观点，C选项“Man who travels far knows more.(走得远的人知道得更多)”切题。故选C。 C (24-25高二上·福建泉州·期中)Apollo 15 was the first flight to the moon that included a spacewalk. On our return trip to Earth, we needed to recover film canisters(胶卷盒) from the service module. Because it was a new activity, an incredible amount of preparation went into it. I evaluated the entire plan in terms of safety and results. During our preflight analysis, we installed(安装) a warning tone in the suit in the event of low oxygen pressure and we simplified the method of returning the canisters to the Command Module. Once all this preflight work was finished, the actual spacewalk was easy and completed in a short time. I had the pleasure of being outside the spacecraft for 38 minutes, and here’s how we did it. We started suiting up an hour or so before the actual spacewalk. I got a little rush as the Command Module was depressurizing because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive. I had practiced this process many times on Earth, but this was for real and I had to do it just right. Once the cabin(机舱) pressure went to zero, we opened the hatch and went out.    What a feeling to be free in deep space. I concentrated on reaching for the handholds as I made my way to the back of the service module so I would not float away. I had a small problem right away. The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position. I had to go over the camera to get to the film canister. I reached the canister, put a safety clip(安全扣) on it, attached by a tether(拴绳) to my arm, and pulled it out of the machine. Turning around again I made my way back to the hatch. So far, a piece of cake. After another two trips, I finished my task. Just by turning my head I could position myself so that both the Earth and the Moon were in my field of vision. It was the most unbelievable sight one could imagine. I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before. What an honor it was. 9. What can be learned about the author from paragraph 2? A. He was well-prepared before the flight. B. He became addicted to spaceflights. C. He found pleasure in space science. D. He threw himself into designing pressure suits. 10. What does the underlined word “rush” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Excitement. B. Surprise. C. Fear. D. Disappointment. 11. Which of the following can best describe the author’s experience in deep space? A. Dangerous and disorderly. B. Challenging but amazing. C. Quite slow but romantic. D. Rather smooth and simple. 12. What would be the best title for the text? A. Apollo 15 was the power of inspiration B. My first hair-raising space trip C. A typical day in space D. I was among the lucky few to walk in space 【答案】9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 【知识点】记叙文、航空航天、个人经历 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国宇航员阿尔弗莱德•沃尔登讲述了自己在乘坐阿波罗15号飞船返回地球途中进行的一次太空行走任务。 9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Because it was a new activity, an incredible amount of preparation went into it.( 因为这是一项新活动，我们为此做了大量的准备工作。)”和第二段中的“I evaluated the entire plan in terms of safety and results. During our preflight analysis, we installed (安装) a warning tone in the suit in the event of low oxygen pressure and we simplified the method of returning the canisters to the Command Module. Once all this preflight work was finished, the actual spacewalk was easy and completed in a short time.( 我从安全性和结果方面评估了整个计划。在我们的飞行前分析中，我们在太空服中安装了一个警告音以防氧气压力过低我们简化了将气罐送回指挥舱的方法。一旦所有的飞行前工作都完成了，实际的太空行走就很容易了，而且在很短的时间内就完成了。)”可知，作者为这次太空之旅做了充分的准备。故选A。 10. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的划线词后面的句子“because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive. I had practiced this process many times on Earth, but this was for real and I had to do it just right.(因为那时我完全依赖太空服里的压力来维持生命。我在地球上已经练习了很多次这个过程，但这是真的，我必须做得恰到好处。)”可知，虽然作者在地球上曾经接受过很多次类似的训练，但是这毕竟是一次真正的出舱行动，所以他还是有点害怕，故划线词与C选项“Fear.(害怕)”为同义词。故选C。 11. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I concentrated on reaching for the handholds as I made my way to the back of the service module so I would not float away. I had a small problem right away. The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position. I had to go over the camera to get to the film canister. I reached the canister, put a safety clip (安全扣) on it, attached by a tether (拴绳) to my arm, and pulled it out of the machine. Turning around again I made my way back to the hatch. (我集中精力抓住扶手，向服务舱后部移动，以免自己飘走。但我很快就遇到了一个小问题。高分辨率摄像机处于伸出状态，卡住了。我必须越过摄像机才能拿到胶片盒。我拿到胶片盒后，给它扣上了安全扣，并用拴绳将它绑在我的胳膊上，然后把它从机器里拉了出来。接着，我再次转身，向舱口返回。)”和最后一段中的“ It was the most unbelievable sight one could imagine. I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before. What an honor it was.(这是人们所能想象到的最令人难以置信的景象。我意识到，历史上从来没有人见过这种景象。这是我的荣幸。)”可知，出舱活动对宇航员具有极大的挑战性，因为他需要集中精力抓住扶手，以免飘走即非常有挑战性；但同时他也看到了太空中壮丽的景观，这种景观是作者从未见过的。因此作者在太空的经历是即有挑战性但令人惊叹。故选B。 12. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“I had the pleasure of being outside the spacecraft for 38 minutes, and here’s how we did it.( 我很高兴在宇宙飞船外呆了38分钟，我们是这样做的。)”以及最后一段中的“ It was the most unbelievable sight one could imagine. I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before. What an honor it was.(这是人们所能想象到的最令人难以置信的景象。我意识到，历史上从来没有人见过这种景象。这是我的荣幸。)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者作为阿波罗15号任务的一部分，在太空中漫步的经历，文章体现了这一事件独特性和作者的荣誉感。故D选项“I was among the lucky few to walk in space(我是少数几个在太空行走的幸运儿之一)”概括文章的主要内容，符合标题。故选D。 D (24-25高二上·辽宁·期中)The idea of turning Mars into a livable world for humans is a common element of science fiction. But could such an action be done in real life? There are many issues that need to be solved before humans can successfully live on Mars. They include a lack of breathable oxygen, harmful ultraviolet(紫外线) radiation, salty soil, and dust storms that sometimes cover much of the planet. And the average Martian surface temperature is about minus(零下) 65℃. With its thin atmosphere, solar heat on the Martian surface easily escapes into space. Scientists are now proposing a new method to warm up Mars. The idea involves putting engineered particles made of iron or aluminum(铝) into the atmosphere at a rate of about 30 liters per second for years. The goal is to trap escaping heat and direct sunlight towards the Martian surface. The proposal would aim to permit liquid water to exist on the surface of Mars, which has water in the form of ice at its polar areas and its subsurface. The proposed idea would be to increase the natural greenhouse effect on Mars and raise its surface temperature by around 28℃ over ten years. Such a change alone would not make Mars livable for people. But the scientists see it as a possible first step. Scientist Kite described the process of changing a planet’s environment to be more like Earth. “For Mars, warming the planet is a necessary, but not enough, first step. Previous concepts have focused on releasing greenhouse gases, but these require large amounts of resources that are rare on Mars,” he said. Kite added that climate modeling suggests the new idea of using engineered particles to warm Mars’ atmosphere could work better than previous ideas and that the work is important because it presents a possible method that could help future exploration plans. Kite suggested that the costs and benefits of releasing particles are uncertain. For example, he said if Mars’ soil has compounds that are harmful to life from Earth, then the benefit of warming Mars is zero. 13. What’s the function of the question mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To prove the untruth of sci-fi. B. To expect readers’ clear answers. C. To express people’s strong doubts. D. To introduce the theme of the text. 14. What does the author intend to explain in paragraph 2? A. The challenges for human settling on Mars. B. The variety of natural environments on Mars. C. The possibility of solid ice existence on Mars. D. The reason for the year-long darkness on Mars. 15. What does Kite’s words about the new idea convey? A. It’s perfect. B. It’s practical. C. It’s dangerous. D. It’s traditional. 16. What’s the best title for the text? A. Scientists Help People Move to Mars B. Scientists Make Mars a Second Home C. Scientists Propose an Idea to Warm Mars D. Scientists Change the Atmosphere of Mars 【答案】13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 【知识点】天体和宇宙、科学技术 、说明文 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了科学家提出的一种帮火星升温的新方法——通过向火星大气中释放工程粒子来提高火星的表面温度，使其更适合人类居住。 13. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The idea of turning Mars into a livable world for humans is a common element of science fiction. But could such an action be done in real life?(把火星变成人类宜居世界的想法是科幻小说的常见元素。但这样的动作在现实生活中可以实现吗)”，第二段“With its thin atmosphere, solar heat on the Martian surface easily escapes into space.(由于火星大气层稀薄，火星表面的太阳热量很容易逃逸到太空中)”和第三段“Scientists are now proposing a new method to warm up Mars.(科学家们现在提出了一种使火星变暖的新方法)”可知，作者在第一段提问题是为了引出本文的主题，即，科学家们现在提出了一种使火星变暖的新方法。故选D。 14. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“There are many issues that need to be solved before humans can successfully live on Mars. They include a lack of breathable oxygen, harmful ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation, salty soil, and dust storms that sometimes cover much of the planet. And the average Martian surface temperature is about minus (零下) 65℃. With its thin atmosphere, solar heat on the Martian surface easily escapes into space.(在人类成功地在火星上生活之前，有许多问题需要解决。它们包括缺乏可呼吸的氧气、有害的紫外线辐射、土壤盐碱化以及有时覆盖地球大部分地区的沙尘暴。火星表面的平均温度约为零下65℃。由于火星大气层稀薄，火星表面的太阳热量很容易逃逸到太空中)”可知，第二段中列举了在火星上建立人类定居点所面临的多种挑战：缺乏可呼吸的氧气、有害的紫外线辐射、盐碱土壤和尘暴等。而这些问题都是人类在火星上生存必须要解决的实际困难。由此推断，这一段主要阐述了人类在火星上定居面临的各种挑战。故选A。 15. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Kite added that climate modeling suggests the new idea of using engineered particles to warm Mars’ atmosphere could work better than previous ideas and that the work is important because it presents a possible method that could help future exploration plans.(Kite补充说，气候模型表明，使用工程颗粒来加热火星大气的新想法可能比以前的想法更有效，这项工作很重要，因为它提供了一种可能有助于未来探索计划的方法)”可知，Kite认为这个新想法比之前的想法更好，且为未来探索计划提供了一种可能性。由此推知，这个新想法是可行的。故选B。 16. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Scientists are now proposing a new method to warm up Mars. The idea involves putting engineered particles made of iron or aluminum (铝) into the atmosphere at a rate of about 30 liters per second for years. The goal is to trap escaping heat and direct sunlight towards the Martian surface. The proposal would aim to permit liquid water to exist on the surface of Mars, which has water in the form of ice at its polar areas and its subsurface.(科学家们现在提出了一种使火星变暖的新方法。这个想法包括将由铁或铝制成的工程颗粒以每秒30升的速度放入大气中，持续数年。其目标是捕获逸出的热量，并将阳光直射到火星表面。该提案旨在允许液态水存在于火星表面，火星的极地和地下都有冰形式的水)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家提出的一种帮火星升温的新方法——通过向火星大气中释放工程粒子来提高火星的表面温度，使其更适合人类居住，因此最好的题目是C选项“Scientists Propose an Idea to Warm Mars(科学家提出了一个温暖火星的想法)”。故选C。 E (24-25高二上·吉林长春·期中)Plants can often tell when they’re in danger — by smell. But not all leaves sniff(嗅) out threats equally well. In corn plants, baby leaves do this best, new data show. “They recognize that danger is around the corner,” says Lei Wang. He’s a plant biologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. He and his colleagues shared the new findings in Current Biology. Many plants are known to beef up their chemical defenses when they’re about to get bitten by “insects”. One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules(分子) floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva(唾液). Or they may come from neighboring plants that have already been attacked and are on death’s door. Originally, Wang and his team set out to identify airborne chemicals that plants receive as warning scents(气味). But when they started their study, they found that the adult corn leaves they tested did not produce many anti- predator chemicals in response to the smells. So the researchers turned to baby leaves. These are much more fragile(脆弱) than the adult leaves that scientists usually study. In the lab, the team exposed young and adult corn leaves to a common danger — signaling scent. This green-leaf compound is similar to the smell of freshly cut grass. A corn plant might encounter this scent if a nearby plant was in danger. The researchers measured how much danger signal each leaf released in response to the warning smell. New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at “smelling”, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat. Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding(培育) of smarter crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides. 17. What do the underlined words “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cease. B. Balance. C. Strengthen. D. Overcome. 18. What can be learned from the text? A. Plants defend themselves in various ways. B. Plants sense danger from insect saliva. C. Freshly cut grass was used in the research. D. Adult corn leaves can’t produce defense chemicals. 19. What does Wang hope to achieve with his research? A. To reduce the use of poisonous pesticides. B. To improve the taste of crops. C. To breed more profitable plants. D. To create safer pesticides. 20. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Developing Smarter Crops B. New Study Revealing the Secret of Plants C. Plants Recognizing Danger in Different Ways D. Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 【知识点】科普知识 、说明文、植物 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，比起成熟的叶子，玉米的嫩叶能更好地感知危险的到来。 17. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“their chemical defenses(它们的化学防御)”和“when they’re about to get bitten by “insects”(当他们即将被“昆虫”咬的时候)”可知，这里表示在遭遇危险时，植物会增强其化学防御能力。所以猜测beef up表“增强”的意思，和strengthen意思相近。故选C。 18. 细节理解题。根据第三段“One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules (分子) floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva (唾液).(植物感知威胁的一种方式是通过嗅觉。它们能探测到空气中飘浮的气味分子。这些分子可能从昆虫的唾液中传播。)”可知，植物能从昆虫的唾液中感知危险。故选B。 19. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding (培育) of smarter crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides.(Wang希望他的研究可以培育出更聪明的作物 —— 更抗虫的作物。从长远来看，这应该会减少对有害农药的需求。)”可知，Wang希望通过他的研究减少有毒农药的使用。故选A。 20. 主旨大意题。由文章倒数第二段“New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at “smelling”, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat.(新叶比成年叶更敏感。尽管成年树叶的“嗅觉”较差，但它们确实释放出少量的防御化学物质。其他研究表明，这些叶子可以处理除气味以外的危险信号(比如昆虫在咀嚼它们)。他们也可以通过释放旨在解决威胁的化学物质来应对这些攻击。)”以及上下文可知，文章介绍了最新研究成果： 比起成熟的叶子，玉米的嫩叶能更好地感知危险的到来，所以D项“Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better(玉米的嫩叶更能闻出危险)”可作为最好的题目。故选D。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$