精品解析：福建省莆田第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

莆田一中2024-2025学年度上学期第一学段考试试卷 高一英语必修一 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who won the game last night? A. Djokovic. B. Nadal. C. Federer. 2. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To change his booking. B. To cancel a reservation. C. To book a table. 3 What did the man plan to do this evening? A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a concert. C. Talk with his boss. 4. Why won’t the woman have supper with the man? A. She doesn’t feel hungry. B. She has to work overtime. C. She has an appointment with John. 5. Who is probably the woman? A. A cook. B. A customer. C. A cleaner. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What makes the speakers caught up in traffic? A. Road construction. B. A car crash. C. Bad weather. 7. Where are they heading? A. For a stadium. B. For the police station. C. For a theater. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Wednesday. 9. What did the coach do with the basketball training? A. He canceled it. B. He advanced it. C. He put it off. 听第8段材料， 回答第10至13题。 10 Why does the man come to the woman? A. To invite her to lunch. B. To ask about her plan. C. To arrange a meeting. 11. What did the woman do ten minutes ago? A. She had lunch. B. She gave a talk. C. She made a schedule. 12. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Visit a museum. B. Go to the theater. C. Have a meeting. 13. What can we learn about the woman? A. She is a math teacher. B. She is fond of going boating. C. She doesn’t like cultural activities. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where are the speakers? A At school. B. On the street. C. At a bus stop. 15. What are the speakers planning to do? A. Talk to the boy. B. Pick up the bottle. C. Call the teacher. 16. What do we know about the woman? A. She is quite polite. B. She cares about the planet. C. She has great respect for others. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the first reason mentioned for closing the library? A. High costs. B. Poor services. C. Less usage. 19. What does the speaker say about the library collection? A. It needs to be updated. B. It contains 100,000 books. C. It has been open to the public for 54 years. 20. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Library visitors. B. Library managers. C. Library assistants. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a painting lover, you shouldn’t miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time. The Arnolfini Portrait Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth-century society, through Van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism — while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties. The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh’s most famous works. The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919. Guernica Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid. 1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest? A. The Arnolfini Portrait. B. The Starry Night. C. The Harvesters. D. Guernica. 2. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night? A. It was painted on wood in oil. B. It described the painter’s life in hospital. C. It wasn’t widely recognized before the 1940s. D. It was given away to the museum. 3. Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe (灾难) the Nazism brought to people? A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B. Vincent van Gogh. C. Jan van Eyck. D. Pablo Picasso. B The idea of climbing Mt.Qomolangma disgusted me. The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing. What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry. Over the years, the crowds at Base Camp grew, leaving behind tons of trash. Whenever I was asked whether I’d climb Mt. Qomolangma, my answer was always the same: not interested. That was probably where my personal Mt. Qomolangma story would have ended, were it not for an old friend Thom Pollard and his obsession (迷恋) with one of the greatest mysteries. In 1999, he began to explore and found the remains of George Mallory, the celebrated British climber who disappeared while he was attempting to be the first to climb Mt. Qomolangma. But Mallory’s partner, Sandy Irvine, and the camera he had likely carried, were not found. The mountain climbing world has been wondering whether they might have reached the top in 1924. Pollard’s story moved me. I began to pack for the climb and expected that our advanced equipment would make it manageable, perhaps easy. I was wrong. On the highest point on the planet, I was more tired than I’d ever been in any climbing. Along the way, I continuously tipped my hat, not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route. My search was in vain, but I began to reconsider Mt. Qomolangma. I witnessed many climbers, who were much more than just self-centered tourists. We shared route information, weather forecasts, and family photos — all united around a common goal. I went to Mt. Qomolangma to seek Irvine. But in the end, I found something more difficult to get: the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared. It was hiding in plain sight, right where it has always been: inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers’ footsteps up Mt. Qomolangma. 4. Why did the author once hate climbing Mt. Qomolangma? A. Because the mountain was overcrowded. B. Because his original climbing goal changed. C. Because climbing it became a profit-driven industry. D. Because he had to brave the elements on the mountain. 5. What motivated the author to climb Mt. Qomolangma later? A. The influence of Thom Pollard. B. The results of the previous climbing. C. The development of advanced equipment. D. The spirit of George Mallory and Sandy Irvine. 6. What does the underlined phrase “tipped my hat” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Relieved my tiredness. B. Showed my respect. C. Expressed my gratitude. D. Proved my determination. 7. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. The search for missing adventurers holds great value. B. Modern climbing lacks respect for the natural environment. C. Spirits of the climbers of Mt. Qomolangma are worth respect. D. Experienced climbers are qualified to conquer Mt. Qomolangma. C There have been many studies that show being in nature is good for your health. Walking in the woods is good for your well-being (健康). Living near trees can help you live longer. But when you go for a walk in the woods, what makes you feel good? Is it the sights or smells or sounds? A new study finds it might be the birds you hear while you have a walk. Researchers from California Polytechnic State University analyzed (分析) how much the natural sounds people hear when they’re outdoors influence well-being. They found that the “chorus (合唱)” of birds singing increased well-being in protected natural areas. For the study, researchers put 10 hidden, evenly spaced (等间距的) speakers (扬声器) on two parts of trails (小路) in the Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks in Colorado. They played recorded songs from 11 kinds of birds. The researchers take turns to play the birdsong for a few hours a day for a week, and then turned off the speakers for a week at a time. They interviewed hikers after they passed through the areas with the speakers. “The main result is that hikers that heard the birdsong showed a higher level of well-being compared to those that did not hear the birdsong,” Biology Professor Clinton Franeis, who led the research, says. Hikers who heard more birdsong on the first part of the trail said they felt better. Those who heard more birdsong on the second part reported that they thought more birds lived along that part of the trail. This feeling of more birds helps make the hikers feel better. “With the chorus, we were able to show that natural sounds have a clear influence on the quality of hikers’ experiences,” says Francis. 8. What’s the function (功能) of the questions in paragraph 1? A. To doubt the research done before. B. To advise people to walk in nature. C. To call on people to protect nature. D. To introduce the topic of the text. 9. Why were the speakers put along the trails? A. To attract more people to the forest. B. To remind hikers of their health. C. To play sounds of different birds. D. To hunt more birds for research. 10. What was the final step of the research? A. Comparing. B. Placing speakers. C. Playing birdsong. D. Interviewing. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Being in nature is good for people’s heath. B. Hearing birdsong is good for people’s health. C. Walking in forests help people live longer. D. Raising birds improves people’s living quality. D Scientists have created a new tool that can know what you mean. It works by using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) program to translate brain activity into words. Scientists say the program could help people who can’t speak because of a brain injury. To record brain activity without surgery, scientists used an fMRI machine, which can record the activity of the brain as it happens. To translate these recordings into words, scientists used an Al tool called GPT-l that predicts which word is most likely to come next, based on the information that came before. Scientists first trained GPT-1 on lots of stories people had told about their lives. Next, they trained GPT-1 to make connections between brain scans and spoken words. The testing was done on three human volunteers. Each person spent sixteen hours in an fMRI machine listening to stories. The machine created pictures showing which parts of their brain were active. GPT-1 then used these recordings to make connections between the idea s in the stories and the brain activity of the listeners. Then came the test. The scientists played a brand new story. GPT-I was only given recordings of the people’s brain activity. But the words that GPT-1 predicted were very similar to the words in the story that the people were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same, but they often carried the same meaning. For example, when a person was listening to a story about a person who didn’t have a driver’s license, the program came up with this, “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” The scientists say that GPT-1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery. The system isn’t something that is available outside the lab today, mainly because of the size and cost of fMRI machines. But in the future, a similar method could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease. 12. Why were the volunteers asked to listen to stories for 16 hours? A. To produce brain activity. B. To awaken their curiosity. C. To predict the new stories. D. To remember the words. 13. Which of the following best describes the test outcome? A. Unexpected. B. Successful. C. Discouraging. D. Complex. 14. What can be learned about this AI program? A. It’ll reach consumers soon. B. It hasn’t been put to use. C. It eases users’ financial worry. D. It’ll make patients learn to talk. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. The fMRI Machine Is Used for Brain Surgery B. We Don’t Have to Worry About Brain Injury C. GPT-l Lets Humans Speak from Their Heart D. Scientists Train Al to Read Human Thoughts 第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项. Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _____16_____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. _____17_____, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. _____18_____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. _____19_____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. _____20_____. A. While all of them are useful B Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, Doctor Steve Lome came to truly understand what it means to be at the right place at the right time. During a half-marathon, he found himself in the position to ___21___ not one, but two runners. Things had been going ___22___ up to that 3-mile mark, but that’s when Steve noticed a(n) ___23___ runner named Gregory. Gregory had just reached the peak and was ___24___ to see that he would run downhill for a bit. This was the last thing he ___25___ before he became senseless. Meanwhile, Steve saw this happen, and he could ___26___ it wasn’t a simple fall. Steve stopped immediately to perform CPR(心肺复苏术). Once it was ___27___ that Gregory was doing well and the medical team took him away, Steve continued the race. The rest of the race itself was ___28___ but when Steve crossed the finish line, his life-saving ___29___ was needed once more. A man named Michael began to feel dizzy moments after crossing the finish line. Then, just like Gregory, he ____30____. “I never expected something like that would happen to my life, let alone in the same ____31____,” Steve said. The ____32____ of this entire situation is truly unusual. If Steve had not ____33____ to help Gregory, he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael, ____34____ he wouldn’t have been around to save him, too. Thankfully, the events had a happy ____35____. Now the three remain good friends. 21 A. fight B. encourage C. defend D. save 22. A. rapidly B. clearly C. smoothly D. horribly 23. A. unwell B. disabled C. familiar D. excellent 24. A. worried B. confused C. relieved D. surprised 25. A. expected B. remembered C. approached D. demanded 26. A. tell B. predict C. adapt D. imagine 27. A. removed B. identified C. stated D. reported 28. A. formal B. fair C. competitive D. ordinary 29. A. lesson B. source C. equipment D. help 30. A. caught up B. broke down C. fell down D. picked up 31. A. place B. race C. hospital D. path 32. A. timing B. setting C. opportunity D. background 33. A. agreed B. failed C. prepared D. stopped 34. A. proving B. meaning C. aiming D. realizing 35. A. ending B. recording C. solution D. review 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two bronze (青铜) sculptures of the great Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao Tzu were shown in May at Batlle Park in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. The artwork,____36____ theme is the search for wisdom, is made up of two figures, ____37____ (stand) 7. 8 meters tall. It is a work ____38____ (create) by Wu Weishan, a well- known Chinese sculptor. The ____39____ (impress) sculptures show Confucius asking Lao Tzu a central idea. In 2018, a leader of Uruguay made a special trip ____40____ Wu’s workshop when she visited China. Immediately attracted by the sculptures, she told Wu that she wanted them to find a home in Uruguay in ____41____ hope of making future generations listen to the historic dialogue between these two great ____42____ (man). Six years later, the sculptures crossed the ocean and were placed among the trees in Batlle Park. When they finally touched the ground, Wu was ____43____ (extreme) excited. The installation of these sculptures symbolizes the cultural bridge between China and Uruguay, fostering mutual understanding and respect. Over the last 2,000 years, the teachings of Confucius ____44____ (spread) by many people to East Asia, Europe, the Americas, and more, leaving ______45______ (they) mark all over the world. 第四部分 根据提示完成下列句子（每题1分，共15分） 46. He stared at the parcel in___________（amaze）. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 47. Spain ________(接管，控制)Peru in the 16th century and ruled it until 1821. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 48. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main ________ ________(官方语言) of Peru. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49. We ________ ________ (安排) a car to collect us from the airport yesterday. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 50. Pressure ________ ________ (施加; 应用) the wound will stop the bleeding. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 51. They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also ________________ (树立好榜样) for others. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. The team that Lang Ping had built_________ _________ _________(处于崩溃的边缘). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 53. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not_____ _____ (没有气馁) （根据汉语提示完成句子） 54. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together ________ ________(除了) the perfect fit of the stones. (根据汉语提示完成句子） 55. I could still have a burger___________ ___________ ___________(偶尔；时而), but I would add a salad or an apple. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 56. When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to ________ ___________ (时间仿佛静止了). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 57. I won a few medals at ________ ________ ________ (田径). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. The author attempts to study all these important factors ________ ________ (详细地). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59. I felt ________ ________ (焦虑不安， 心力交瘁) last week because of the tests. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60. It is believed that parents can ________ ________ ________ (有影响，起作用) to the life of their children. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 61. 假定你是校学生会的负责人李华，请给体育外教Sherlock写一封邮件邀请他做一次演讲，主题为鼓励学生日常多锻炼。内容包括： 1. 说明演讲的时间及地点； 2. 陈述选择该话题的原因。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sherlock, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 听力 1—5 CABBC 6—10 BCCBB 11—15 ACABA 16—20 BACAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 莆田一中2024-2025学年度上学期第一学段考试试卷 高一英语必修一 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who won the game last night? A. Djokovic. B. Nadal. C. Federer. 2. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To change his booking. B. To cancel a reservation. C. To book a table. 3. What did the man plan to do this evening? A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a concert. C. Talk with his boss. 4. Why won’t the woman have supper with the man? A. She doesn’t feel hungry. B. She has to work overtime. C. She has an appointment with John. 5. Who is probably the woman? A. A cook. B. A customer. C. A cleaner. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What makes the speakers caught up in traffic? A. Road construction. B. A car crash. C. Bad weather. 7. Where are they heading? A. For a stadium. B. For the police station. C. For a theater. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Wednesday. 9. What did the coach do with the basketball training? A. He canceled it. B. He advanced it. C. He put it off. 听第8段材料， 回答第10至13题。 10. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To invite her to lunch. B. To ask about her plan. C. To arrange a meeting. 11. What did the woman do ten minutes ago? A. She had lunch. B. She gave a talk. C. She made a schedule. 12. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Visit a museum. B. Go to the theater. C. Have a meeting. 13. What can we learn about the woman? A. She is a math teacher. B. She is fond of going boating. C. She doesn’t like cultural activities. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. At school. B. On the street. C. At a bus stop. 15 What are the speakers planning to do? A. Talk to the boy. B. Pick up the bottle. C. Call the teacher. 16. What do we know about the woman? A. She is quite polite. B. She cares about the planet. C. She has great respect for others. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the first reason mentioned for closing the library? A. High costs. B. Poor services. C. Less usage. 19. What does the speaker say about the library collection? A. It needs to be updated. B. It contains 100,000 books. C. It has been open to the public for 54 years. 20. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Library visitors. B. Library managers. C. Library assistants. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a painting lover, you shouldn’t miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time. The Arnolfini Portrait Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth-century society, through Van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism — while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties. The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh’s most famous works. The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919. Guernica Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid. 1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest? A. The Arnolfini Portrait. B. The Starry Night. C. The Harvesters. D. Guernica. 2. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night? A. It was painted on wood in oil. B. It described the painter’s life in hospital. C. It wasn’t widely recognized before the 1940s. D. It was given away to the museum. 3. Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe (灾难) the Nazism brought to people? A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B. Vincent van Gogh. C. Jan van Eyck. D. Pablo Picasso. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四幅经过时间考验的世界名画。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据四幅画创作的时间“Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, (Jan van Eyck的Arnolfini Portrait，1434年创作的木板油画)”、“Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.(1889年至1890年，Vincent van Gogh在法国普罗旺斯圣-雷姆米附近的精神病院住了12个月，期间创作了一幅油画The Starry Night，这是一幅较为抽象的风景画，描绘了山坡上一个小村庄上方富有表现力的夜空)、“The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.(The Harvesters是Pieter Bruegel the Elder创作于1565年的木板油画)”以及“Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.(Guernica是一幅大型黑白油画，由西班牙立体派画家Pablo Picasso于1937年创作)”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait的创作时间最早，故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据The Starry Night部分“When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh’s most famous works.(1941年，纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但它后来成为Van Gogh最著名的作品之一)”可知，它在20世纪40年代之前没有得到广泛认可。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guernica部分中“Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. (Guernica是一幅大型黑白油画，由西班牙立体派画家Pablo Picasso于1937年创作。‘Guernica’这个名字是指在西班牙内战期间被纳粹飞机轰炸的城市。这幅画描绘了战争的恐怖，因此成为反战的象征，提醒人们战争的悲剧)”可知，Pablo Picasso创作了纳粹给人们带来巨大灾难的画作。故选D。 B The idea of climbing Mt.Qomolangma disgusted me. The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing. What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry. Over the years, the crowds at Base Camp grew, leaving behind tons of trash. Whenever I was asked whether I’d climb Mt. Qomolangma, my answer was always the same: not interested. That was probably where my personal Mt. Qomolangma story would have ended, were it not for an old friend Thom Pollard and his obsession (迷恋) with one of the greatest mysteries. In 1999, he began to explore and found the remains of George Mallory, the celebrated British climber who disappeared while he was attempting to be the first to climb Mt. Qomolangma. But Mallory’s partner, Sandy Irvine, and the camera he had likely carried, were not found. The mountain climbing world has been wondering whether they might have reached the top in 1924. Pollard’s story moved me. I began to pack for the climb and expected that our advanced equipment would make it manageable, perhaps easy. I was wrong. On the highest point on the planet, I was more tired than I’d ever been in any climbing. Along the way, I continuously tipped my hat, not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route. My search was in vain, but I began to reconsider Mt. Qomolangma. I witnessed many climbers, who were much more than just self-centered tourists. We shared route information, weather forecasts, and family photos — all united around a common goal. I went to Mt. Qomolangma to seek Irvine. But in the end, I found something more difficult to get: the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared. It was hiding in plain sight, right where it has always been: inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers’ footsteps up Mt. Qomolangma. 4. Why did the author once hate climbing Mt. Qomolangma? A. Because the mountain was overcrowded. B. Because his original climbing goal changed. C. Because climbing it became a profit-driven industry. D Because he had to brave the elements on the mountain. 5. What motivated the author to climb Mt. Qomolangma later? A. The influence of Thom Pollard. B. The results of the previous climbing. C. The development of advanced equipment. D. The spirit of George Mallory and Sandy Irvine. 6. What does the underlined phrase “tipped my hat” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Relieved my tiredness. B. Showed my respect. C. Expressed my gratitude. D. Proved my determination. 7. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. The search for missing adventurers holds great value. B. Modern climbing lacks respect for the natural environment. C. Spirits of the climbers of Mt. Qomolangma are worth respect. D. Experienced climbers are qualified to conquer Mt. Qomolangma. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者从对攀登珠穆朗玛峰的态度从厌恶转向重新考虑这座山及其攀登精神的变化过程。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The idea of climbing Mt.Qomolangma disgusted me. The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing. What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry.Over the years, the crowds at Base Camp grew, leaving behind tons of trash. Whenever I was asked whether I’d climb Mt. Qomolangma, my answer was always the same: not interested. (攀登珠穆朗玛峰的想法令我厌恶。这座山成了我热爱和尊敬的攀岩运动的对立面。曾经的最终登山目标变成了商业导游业的焦点。这些年来，大本营的人越来越多，留下了成吨的垃圾。每当有人问我是否会攀登珠穆朗玛峰，我的回答总是一样的:不感兴趣)”可知，作者不喜欢攀登珠穆朗玛峰，是因为攀登这座山成为了一个商业活动，导致了营地人满为患、垃圾成堆，由此可推断出作者反感珠穆朗玛峰的原因是攀登活动被利益驱动所主导。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That was probably where my personal Mt. Qomolangma story would have ended, were it not for an old friend Thom Pollard and his obsession with one of the greatest mysteries.(如果不是因为老朋友Mt. Qomolangma 和他对最大的谜团之一的痴迷，我个人的珠穆朗玛峰故事可能就此结束了)”以及第三段“Pollard’s story moved me. (Pollard的故事感动了我)”可知，是Thom Pollard的坚持和故事激励了作者去攀爬珠穆朗玛峰。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Along the way, I continuously tipped my hat, not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route. (我不断地tipped my hat，不仅是对Mallory和Irvine，也是对任何有动力推动自己走上这条路的人)”可知，作者在攀登的过程中向那些有勇气攀登的人表达敬意，推断出“tipped my hat”意为“表示敬意”。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I went to Mt. Qomolangma to seek Irvine. But in the end, I found something more difficult to get: the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared. It was hiding in plain sight, right where it has always been: inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers’ footsteps up Mt. Qomolangma.”(我去珠穆朗玛峰寻找欧文。但最后，我发现了更难得到的东西：欧文和马洛里共有的精神。它隐藏在人们的视线中，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇冒险家的脚步攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢的灵魂里。)可知，文章传达的信息主要是珠穆朗玛峰攀登者的精神值得尊敬。故选C。 C There have been many studies that show being in nature is good for your health. Walking in the woods is good for your well-being (健康). Living near trees can help you live longer. But when you go for a walk in the woods, what makes you feel good? Is it the sights or smells or sounds? A new study finds it might be the birds you hear while you have a walk. Researchers from California Polytechnic State University analyzed (分析) how much the natural sounds people hear when they’re outdoors influence well-being. They found that the “chorus (合唱)” of birds singing increased well-being in protected natural areas. For the study, researchers put 10 hidden, evenly spaced (等间距的) speakers (扬声器) on two parts of trails (小路) in the Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks in Colorado. They played recorded songs from 11 kinds of birds. The researchers take turns to play the birdsong for a few hours a day for a week, and then turned off the speakers for a week at a time. They interviewed hikers after they passed through the areas with the speakers. “The main result is that hikers that heard the birdsong showed a higher level of well-being compared to those that did not hear the birdsong,” Biology Professor Clinton Franeis, who led the research, says. Hikers who heard more birdsong on the first part of the trail said they felt better. Those who heard more birdsong on the second part reported that they thought more birds lived along that part of the trail. This feeling of more birds helps make the hikers feel better. “With the chorus, we were able to show that natural sounds have a clear influence on the quality of hikers’ experiences,” says Francis. 8. What’s the function (功能) of the questions in paragraph 1? A. To doubt the research done before. B. To advise people to walk in nature. C. To call on people to protect nature. D. To introduce the topic of the text. 9. Why were the speakers put along the trails? A. To attract more people to the forest. B. To remind hikers of their health. C. To play sounds of different birds. D. To hunt more birds for research. 10. What was the final step of the research? A. Comparing. B. Placing speakers. C. Playing birdsong. D. Interviewing. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Being in nature is good for people’s heath. B. Hearing birdsong is good for people’s health. C. Walking in forests help people live longer. D. Raising birds improves people’s living quality. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究分析了人们在户外听到的自然声音对健康的影响程度，发现鸟鸣增加了远足者的幸福感。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But when you go for a walk in the woods, what makes you feel good? Is it the sights or smells or sounds? A new study finds it might be the birds you hear while you have a walk. (但当你在树林里散步时，什么会让你感觉很好？是景色、气味还是声音？一项新的研究发现，这可能是你散步时听到的鸟叫声)”可知，作者先提出两个问题，然后说明问题的答案可能是散步时听到的鸟叫声，转入对研究的具体介绍。由此推知，问题的功能是引入文章的话题。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For the study, researchers put 10 hidden, evenly spaced (等间距的) speakers (扬声器) on two parts of trails (小路) in the Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks in Colorado. They played recorded songs from 11 kinds of birds. (在这项研究中，研究人员在科罗拉多州博尔德露天场所和山地公园的两条小径上放置了10个隐藏的、均匀间隔的扬声器。他们播放了11种鸟类的歌曲录音)”可知，在小径上放置扬声器是为了播放不同鸟类的声音。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在该研究中研究人员的第一步是放置扬声器，第二步是播放鸟鸣，第三步是采访远足者，再结合第四段中的“The main result is that hikers that heard the birdsong showed a higher level of well-being compared to those that did not hear the birdsong (主要结果是，听到鸟鸣的远足者比没有听到鸟鸣的远足者表现出更高的幸福感)”可推知，在得出结果之前，他们需要进行最后一步：比较远足者的采访感受。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“They found that the “chorus (合唱)” of birds singing increased well-being in protected natural areas. (他们发现，鸟类的“合唱”增加了在自然保护区中的幸福感)”可知，文章介绍了一项分析人们在户外听到的自然声音对健康影响程度的研究，该研究发现鸟鸣增加了远足者的幸福感。因此，B项“听鸟鸣对人的健康有益”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。 D Scientists have created a new tool that can know what you mean. It works by using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) program to translate brain activity into words. Scientists say the program could help people who can’t speak because of a brain injury. To record brain activity without surgery, scientists used an fMRI machine, which can record the activity of the brain as it happens. To translate these recordings into words, scientists used an Al tool called GPT-l that predicts which word is most likely to come next, based on the information that came before. Scientists first trained GPT-1 on lots of stories people had told about their lives. Next, they trained GPT-1 to make connections between brain scans and spoken words. The testing was done on three human volunteers. Each person spent sixteen hours in an fMRI machine listening to stories. The machine created pictures showing which parts of their brain were active. GPT-1 then used these recordings to make connections between the idea s in the stories and the brain activity of the listeners. Then came the test. The scientists played a brand new story. GPT-I was only given recordings of the people’s brain activity. But the words that GPT-1 predicted were very similar to the words in the story that the people were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same, but they often carried the same meaning. For example, when a person was listening to a story about a person who didn’t have a driver’s license, the program came up with this, “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” The scientists say that GPT-1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery. The system isn’t something that is available outside the lab today, mainly because of the size and cost of fMRI machines. But in the future, a similar method could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease. 12. Why were the volunteers asked to listen to stories for 16 hours? A. To produce brain activity. B. To awaken their curiosity. C. To predict the new stories. D. To remember the words. 13. Which of the following best describes the test outcome? A. Unexpected. B. Successful. C. Discouraging. D. Complex. 14. What can be learned about this AI program? A. It’ll reach consumers soon. B. It hasn’t been put to use. C. It eases users’ financial worry. D. It’ll make patients learn to talk. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. The fMRI Machine Is Used for Brain Surgery B. We Don’t Have to Worry About Brain Injury C. GPT-l Lets Humans Speak from Their Heart D. Scientists Train Al to Read Human Thoughts 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能可以用来读出人的内心想法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The machine created pictures showing which parts of their brain were active. GPT-1 then used these recordings to make connections between the idea s in the stories and the brain activity of the listeners.(这台机器生成的图片显示了他们大脑的哪些部分是活跃的。然后GPT-1利用这些录音在故事中的想法和听者的大脑活动之间建立联系)”可知，让志愿者听故事的目的是让他们产生大脑活动。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The scientists played a brand new story. GPT-I was only given recordings of the people’s brain activity. But the words that GPT-1 predicted were very similar to the words in the story that the people were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same, but they often carried the same meaning.(科学家们演绎了一个全新的故事。GPT-I只获得了受试者大脑活动的记录。但GPT-1预测的单词与人们听的故事中的单词非常相似。这些词并不完全相同，但它们往往具有相同的含义)”以及第四段“For example, when a person was listening to a story about a person who didn’t have a driver’s license, the program came up with this, “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.(例如，当一个人在听一个关于一个没有驾照的人的故事时，这个节目就会出现这样的情况:“她甚至还没有开始学习开车。”)”可推知，这个实验是成功的。故选B。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The system isn’t something that is available outside the lab today, mainly because of the size and cost of fMRI machines.(该系统目前还无法在实验室之外使用，主要是因为fMRI机器的尺寸和成本)”可知，目前，该项目还未投入使用。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have created a new tool that can know what you mean. It works by using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) program to translate brain activity into words. Scientists say the program could help people who can’t speak because of a brain injury.(科学家们发明了一种新工具，可以知道你的意思。它的工作原理是使用人工智能程序将大脑活动转化为文字。科学家表示，该项目可以帮助那些因脑损伤而不能说话的人)”结合文章主要说明了人工智能可以用来读出人的内心想法。D选项“科学家训练人工智能读懂人类思想”最符合文章标题。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项. Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _____16_____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. _____17_____, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. _____18_____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. _____19_____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. _____20_____. A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。 【16题详解】 36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。 【17题详解】 前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。 【18题详解】 本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文F项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选F。 点睛：关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。 37题A选项中的them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同。 38题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种small color choice.选项和语段中都有关键词small color choice。 39题本段主要内容是medium color choice, 前半句承接上文中medium是small的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词：two major ways和...and …。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, Doctor Steve Lome came to truly understand what it means to be at the right place at the right time. During a half-marathon, he found himself in the position to ___21___ not one, but two runners. Things had been going ___22___ up to that 3-mile mark, but that’s when Steve noticed a(n) ___23___ runner named Gregory. Gregory had just reached the peak and was ___24___ to see that he would run downhill for a bit. This was the last thing he ___25___ before he became senseless. Meanwhile, Steve saw this happen, and he could ___26___ it wasn’t a simple fall. Steve stopped immediately to perform CPR(心肺复苏术). Once it was ___27___ that Gregory was doing well and the medical team took him away, Steve continued the race. The rest of the race itself was ___28___ but when Steve crossed the finish line, his life-saving ___29___ was needed once more. A man named Michael began to feel dizzy moments after crossing the finish line. Then, just like Gregory, he ____30____. “I never expected something like that would happen to my life, let alone in the same ____31____,” Steve said. The ____32____ of this entire situation is truly unusual. If Steve had not ____33____ to help Gregory, he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael, ____34____ he wouldn’t have been around to save him, too. Thankfully, the events had a happy ____35____. Now the three remain good friends. 21. A. fight B. encourage C. defend D. save 22. A. rapidly B. clearly C. smoothly D. horribly 23. A. unwell B. disabled C. familiar D. excellent 24. A. worried B. confused C. relieved D. surprised 25. A. expected B. remembered C. approached D. demanded 26. A. tell B. predict C. adapt D. imagine 27. A. removed B. identified C. stated D. reported 28. A. formal B. fair C. competitive D. ordinary 29. A. lesson B. source C. equipment D. help 30. A. caught up B. broke down C. fell down D. picked up 31. A. place B. race C. hospital D. path 32. A. timing B. setting C. opportunity D. background 33. A. agreed B. failed C. prepared D. stopped 34. A. proving B. meaning C. aiming D. realizing 35. A. ending B. recording C. solution D. review 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Steve Lome在参加半程马拉松的时候先后救了两位跑步运动员。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在半程马拉松比赛中，他发现自己有机会拯救不是一名，而是两名跑步运动员。A. fight打架；B. encourage鼓励；C. defend保护；D. save救。根据下文中的“Steve stopped immediately to perform CPR(心肺复苏术).”和“his life-saving ___9___was needed once more”可知，Steve Lome救了两个人的性命。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：直到3英里标志之前，事情都进展顺利，但就在那时，Steve注意到一位名叫Gregory的跑步者身体不适。A. rapidly迅速地；B. clearly清晰地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. horribly恐怖地。根据句中的“but that’s when Steve noticed a(n) ___3___runner named Gregory”可知，比赛一开始的时候一切都很顺利。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. unwell不舒服的，有病的；B. disabled残疾的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. excellent优秀的。根据下文中的“he became senseless”可知，Gregory身体不适。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gregory刚刚到达山顶，看到他要跑一段时间下坡路，松了一口气。A. worried担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. relieved感到宽慰的，放心的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据空后的“to see that he would run downhill for a bit”和常识可知，下坡跑比上坡跑要轻松一些，所以他暂时松了一口气。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他失去知觉之前记得的最后一件事。A. expected期望；B. remembered记得；C. approached靠近；D. demanded强烈要求。根据空后的“before he became senseless”和上文中的“Gregory had just reached the peak and was ___4___to see that he would run downhill for a bit.”可知，Gregory后来失去知觉了，他在失去知觉之前记得的最后一件事就是刚到达顶峰的事情。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Steve看到了这一幕，他可以看出这不是一次简单的摔倒。A. tell看出，区分，辨别；B. predict预测；C. adapt（使）适应；D. imagine想象。根据下文中的“Steve stopped immediately to perform CPR(心肺复苏术).”可知，Steve看出来Gregory不是简单地摔倒了，所以立即施救。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦确定Gregory情况良好并且医疗队将他带走，Steve继续比赛。A. removed移除；B. identified确认；C. stated陈述；D. reported报告。根据空后的“that Gregory was doing well and the medical team took him away, Steve continued the race”可知，确定了Gregory不会有事并有医疗队照看，他就继续比赛了。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剩下的比赛本身很普通，但当Steve冲过终点线时，再次有人需要他救命的帮助。A. formal正式的；B. fair公平的；C. competitive竞争的；D. ordinary普通的。but前后表示转折，but后“when Steve crossed the finish line, his life-saving ___9___was needed once more”说他再次需要救人，所以前面说在此之前比赛一直平平无奇，没什么波澜。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. lesson课；B. source来源；C. equipment设备；D. help帮助。根据空前的“his life-saving”并结合下文Steve救Michael可知，这里指需要他救命的帮助。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，就像Gregory一样，他摔倒了。A. caught up赶上；B. broke down出故障，垮掉；C. fell down倒下；D. picked up捡起。根据上文中的“A man named Michael began to feel dizzy moments”和句中的“just like Gregory”可知，Michael倒下了。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我从未想过这样的事情会发生在我的生活中，更不用说在同一场比赛中了，”Steve说。A. place地点；B. race赛跑；C. hospital医院；D. path小路。根据第一段中的“During a half-marathon, he found himself in the position to ___1___not one, but two runners.”可知，Steve在同一场赛跑比赛中救了两个人。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个局势的时机确实不同寻常。A. timing时机；B. setting环境，背景；C. opportunity机会；D. background背景。根据下文中的“If Steve had not ___13___to help Gregory, he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael, ___14___he wouldn’t have been around to save him, too.”可知，由于Steve救Gregory耽误了时间，所以Steve在冲过终点线时恰好有机会救Michael，这一切的时机刚刚好。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果Steve没有停下来帮助Gregory，他会比Michael更快地冲过终点线，这意味着他也不会来救他。A. agreed同意；B. failed失败；C. prepared准备；D. stopped停止，停下。根据上文中的“Steve stopped immediately to perform CPR (心肺复苏术).”可知，Steve是在赛跑途中停下来救Gregory的。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. proving证明；B. meaning意味着；C. aiming力求达到；D. realizing意识到。根据空前的“he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael”和空后的“he wouldn’t have been around to save him, too”可知，Steve比Michael早越过终点线，这会意味着Steve没有机会救Michael。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这些事件有一个圆满的结局。A. ending结局，结尾；B. recording录音，视频；C. solution解决方法；D. review评价。根据空前的“Thankfully, the events had a happy”可知，最终这些事件有一个圆满的结局。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two bronze (青铜) sculptures of the great Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao Tzu were shown in May at Batlle Park in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. The artwork,____36____ theme is the search for wisdom, is made up of two figures, ____37____ (stand) 7. 8 meters tall. It is a work ____38____ (create) by Wu Weishan, a well- known Chinese sculptor. The ____39____ (impress) sculptures show Confucius asking Lao Tzu a central idea. In 2018, a leader of Uruguay made a special trip ____40____ Wu’s workshop when she visited China. Immediately attracted by the sculptures, she told Wu that she wanted them to find a home in Uruguay in ____41____ hope of making future generations listen to the historic dialogue between these two great ____42____ (man). Six years later, the sculptures crossed the ocean and were placed among the trees in Batlle Park. When they finally touched the ground, Wu was ____43____ (extreme) excited. The installation of these sculptures symbolizes the cultural bridge between China and Uruguay, fostering mutual understanding and respect. Over the last 2,000 years, the teachings of Confucius ____44____ (spread) by many people to East Asia, Europe, the Americas, and more, leaving ______45______ (they) mark all over the world. 【答案】36. whose 37. standing 38. created 39. impressive 40. to 41. the 42. men 43. extremely 44. have been spread 45. their 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌斯怀亚巴特勒公园展出孔子和老子青铜雕塑，象征中乌文化交流，促进相互理解与尊重。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：今年5月，两尊中国伟大哲学家孔子和老子的铜像在乌拉圭首都蒙得维的亚的战斗公园展出。此处的 whose用作关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词 The artwork。在定语从句中，whose充当定语，修饰 theme。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该作品的主题是寻找智慧，由两个7.8米高的人物组成。standing在此处是现在分词，用作状语。现在分词作状语时，表示主动和进行。故填standing。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是中国著名雕塑家吴为山的作品。created 在此处是过去分词，用作定语。过去分词作定语时，表示被动和完成。故填created。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些令人印象深刻的雕塑展示了孔子问老子一个中心思想。 impressive 作为形容词，在此处用来修饰后面的名词 sculptures。故填impressive。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：2018年，乌拉圭领导人访华时专程来到吴的工作室。trip常常与 to搭配，表示前往某处的旅行。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她立即被这些雕塑所吸引，她告诉吴，她希望他们在乌拉圭找到一个家，希望后代能听到这两位伟人之间的历史性对话。in the hope of sth 是固定搭配，意思是“抱着……的希望”。 故填the。 【42题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：她立即被这些雕塑所吸引，她告诉吴，她希望他们在乌拉圭找到一个家，希望后代能听到这两位伟人之间的历史性对话。此处名词复数 men，指代上文提到的两位伟大的人物，即孔子和老子。故填men。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：当它们终于着陆时，吴非常兴奋。此处应用副词 extremely 修饰形容词 excited。故填extremely。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的两千年里，孔子的学说被许多人传播到东亚、欧洲、美洲等地，在世界各地留下了印记。根据 Over the last 2,000 years 和介词 by可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been spread。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：在过去的两千年里，孔子的学说被许多人传播到东亚、欧洲、美洲等地，在世界各地留下了印记。此处应用形容词性物主代词 their修饰名词 mark。故填their。 第四部分 根据提示完成下列句子（每题1分，共15分） 46. He stared at the parcel in___________（amaze）. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】amazement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他吃惊地盯着那个包裹。in amazement是固定搭配，意为“吃惊地”，使用名词作宾语。故填amazement。 47. Spain ________(接管，控制)Peru in the 16th century and ruled it until 1821. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】took control of 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。take control of“接管，控制”符合题意，和下文ruled为并列的谓语动词，因此也用一般过去时。故填took control of。 48. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main ________ ________(官方语言) of Peru. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. official ②. language 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：因此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。official意为“官方的”，language意为“语言”，所以official language意为“官方语言”，在句中作表语。故填official；language。 49. We ________ ________ (安排) a car to collect us from the airport yesterday. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. arranged ②. for 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句意：昨天我们安排了一辆车从机场接我们。arrange for...意为“安排”，为固定搭配。根据句中的yesterday可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arranged；for。 50. Pressure ________ ________ (施加; 应用) the wound will stop the bleeding. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. applied ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：对伤口施加压力会止血。表示“施加，应用”可用固定搭配apply...to...。本句的谓语是will stop，所以这里应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Pressure和apply之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填applied；to。 51. They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also ________________ (树立好榜样) for others. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】set good examples 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：他们一定是运动员，他们是他们的运动中的主人，也为他人树立了良好的榜样。短语：set an example“树立榜样”，结合句中主语they及“for others”可知，example这里是复数含义用examples，表示“好的”用形容词good修饰名词example，空处在句中为谓语，结合定语从句中are，所以此处用动词原形。故填set good examples。 52. The team that Lang Ping had built_________ _________ _________(处于崩溃的边缘). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. was ②. falling ③. apart 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：郎平一手打造的这支球队正在土崩瓦解。“处于崩溃的边缘”也可理解为“正在土崩瓦解”，“土崩瓦解”是固定短语fall apart，由“正在”可知，句子时态用进行时，由had built可知，空格处用过去进行时，主语是The team，“that Lang Ping had built”是定语从句，修饰The team，The team是单数，因此空格处是was falling apart。故填was，falling，apart。 53. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not_____ _____ (没有气馁) （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. lose ②. heart 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有气馁。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语lose heart“灰心, 气馁”。根据空前的did not可知，本句话为一般过去时，而且为否定句，所以空处的lose用原形。故填①lose；②heart。 54. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together ________ ________(除了) the perfect fit of the stones. (根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. other ②. than 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：印加的建造者将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样，除了完美的契合石头，就不需要任何东西来将墙壁连接在一起。根据汉语提示“除了”可知短语为other than。故填other than。 55. I could still have a burger___________ ___________ ___________(偶尔；时而), but I would add a salad or an apple. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. now ②. and ③. then 【解析】 【详解】考查副词短语。句意：我仍然可以时不时地吃一个汉堡，但我会加一份沙拉或一个苹果。根据汉语提示，表示“时不时，偶尔”用now and then。故答案为①now；②and；③then。 56. When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to ________ ___________ (时间仿佛静止了). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. stand ②. still 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了。根据汉语提示，表示“静止了；停滞不前”含义的动词短语为：stand still，根据空白处前面的动词不定式符号to可知空白处填动词原形，故填stand；still。 57. I won a few medals at ________ ________ ________ (田径). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. track ②. and ③. field 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我在田径比赛中获得了几枚奖牌。根据汉语提示，这里应用track and field，意为“田径运动”，在句中作宾语。故填track；and；field。 58. The author attempts to study all these important factors ________ ________ (详细地). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. detail 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：作者试图详细研究所有这些重要因素。in detail意为“详细地”，为固定搭配，在句中作状语。故填in；detail。 59. I felt ________ ________ (焦虑不安， 心力交瘁) last week because of the tests. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. stressed ②. out 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：上周因为考试，我感到焦虑不安。空处作felt的表语，应用形容词短语，stressed out意为“焦虑不安， 心力交瘁”。故填stressed；out。 60. It is believed that parents can ________ ________ ________ (有影响，起作用) to the life of their children. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. make ②. a ③. difference 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：人们相信，父母可以对孩子的生活产生影响。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，为固定搭配。空前有can，其后跟动词原形。故填make；a；difference。 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 61. 假定你是校学生会的负责人李华，请给体育外教Sherlock写一封邮件邀请他做一次演讲，主题为鼓励学生日常多锻炼。内容包括： 1. 说明演讲的时间及地点； 2. 陈述选择该话题的原因。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sherlock, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sherlock, As the chairman of Student Union, I am, with heartfelt sincerity, writing to invite you to deliver a speech concerning daily exercise. The speech is scheduled at 5:00 p. m. this Friday in the stadium. The reason why we choose this theme is, initially, students’ insufficient awareness of exercise in daily life. Burdened with loads of schoolwork, seldom do students spare time for doing exercise. Additionally, taking into account the national appealing to cultivate all-round students, practicing exercise enables us to be qualified graduates. Your accepting the invitation would be highly appreciated, and you, a sport enthusiast, can undoubtedly juice the speech up and make it reach a wider audience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。请考生给体育外教Sherlock写一封邮件邀请他做一次演讲，主题为鼓励学生日常多锻炼。 【详解】1.词汇积累 关于：concerning→regarding 选择：choose→select 培养：cultivate→foster 无疑：undoubtedly→surely  2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Burdened with loads of schoolwork, seldom do students spare time for doing exercise. 拓展句：Because the students are burdened with loads of schoolwork, seldom do they spare time for doing exercise. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The reason why we choose this theme is, initially, students’ insufficient awareness of exercise in daily life. (运用了why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Burdened with loads of schoolwork seldom do students spare time for doing exercise. (运用了过去分词作状语和部分倒装句) 听力 1—5 CABBC 6—10 BCCBB 11—15 ACABA 16—20 BACAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$