2025年1月上海市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01

2025年上海市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷01 英语试卷 （笔试部分，时间90分钟，满分80分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary （共20分； 每题1分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Walking through the museum, I noticed a gallery, on ______ walls displayed ancient artifacts. A. whose B. its C. which D. that 2. ________, he still managed to stand up and present his ideas confidently in front of the whole class. A. A timid little boy although he is B. Timid little boy as he is C. Little timid boy though he is D. As a little timid boy is he 3. The movie is boring. By the time the movie ended, I______ asleep. A. have fallen B. have been fallen C. had fallen D. had been fallen 4. Despite some opposing opinions, the committee insists that the volunteers ________an excellent job in community service and that the prize ________to these warm-hearted men and women. A. should do; be awarded B. have done; will be awarded C. should do; will be awarded D. have done; be awarded 5. Self-discipline is all ________ takes to make yourself a better person. A. what B. that C. it D. which 6. The ______ look on her face suggested that she ______ it before. A. amazing; wouldn’t know B. amazed; hadn’t known C. amazing; hadn’t known D. amazed; shouldn’t know 7. He couldn’t be the person ________ since he was the only one absent from work that day. A. blamed B. to be blamed C. blaming D. to blame 8. I can’t find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 9. She is the only one of those who ________a winner of the scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 10. It was in this old school ________ the government built in 1968 ________ he received good education. A. where; when B. which; that C. that; which D. where; which Section B Directions: Read the passage below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space. Even with trickling rain and security risks, Paris has successfully kicked off the 2024 Olympics in its uniquely romantic manner. Not the traditional way, not 11 (safe)way, but certainly the most Parisian way — the French capital impressed the world significantly on Friday by turning the central section of the River Seine 12 a giant open-air theater. Eighty-five boats carrying athletes from 205 delegations sailed into the Olympic spotlight, cheered on by over 320,000 spectators watching from both banks of the river, and from balconies and windows. It was the first time in the history of modern Olympics that the Games’ opening ceremony 13 (move)out of a stadium. The bold innovation successfully took shape on the world’s biggest stage, 14 world-famous singers such as Celine Dion performed, echoing Paris 2024’s official slogan’ Games Wide Open’. 15 made the opening ceremony unforgettable was that the parade of athletes started from the Austerlitz Bridge and sailed along the Seine on boats behind their flag bearers, 16 (pass)by numerous monuments on both banks. It was 17 the Olympians were taking a journey through the country’s rich history and cultural heritage. French President Emmanuel Macron then declared the opening of the Games, kicking off a spectacular light show 18 (feature)laser beams shot from the Eiffel Tower that illuminated the Parisian night. French Olympic champions Marie-Jose Perec and Teddy Riner 19 (light)the ring of flames suspended by a giant balloon. It rose into the air over the Tuileries Garden 20 an honor to the first human flight in a hot-air balloon that took place at the same location in December 1873. II. Reading Comprehension （共30分； 每题2分） Section A Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage and Ian Marshall had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents. On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb a mountain nearby on their own. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop. However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come. Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried about the boys. They called park workers and began searching for the boys. While waiting for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold windy night. Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian warm and they rested together through the night. At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their relieved parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.” 21. What happened when Jeremy and Ian started the climb down? A. They lost their way. B. The weather turned bad. C. They ran out of their food. D. Ian fell and got injured. 22. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Their parents met them at the campsite. B. Jeremy carried Ian on his back to climb down. C. Their parents helped them out of the trouble. D. Jeremy and Ian waited for four hours to be saved. 23. What words can best describe Jeremy? A. Brave and confident. B. Loyal and honest. C. Trust-worthy and selfless. D. Hard-working and sympathetic. (B) If a stranger knocked on your door asking for using your phone, would you help? How about lending them five dollars for the bus, if they said they’d return and pay you back? Nowadays, many people find it hard to trust strangers. A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic - it could be rooted in our DNA. This is important, as it turns out that trusting people might actually live longer and healthier lives compared to more skeptical (怀疑的) people. Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others. One suggests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it’s influenced by a person’s ongoing evaluation of the social environment. We can easily imagine that the answer to the question  “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned. This is where the recent research comes in. A professor of Lund University, Edgerton and his coworkers have been doing research about trust. In their most recent study, involving 33, 882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因) - PLPP4, strongly associated with the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPNP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust within the study population. If you take two people who have similar education and life experiences, this gene alone could account for 6% of the difference in how much they trust others. They believe that the PLPP4 gene may somehow soften our “fight-or-flight” survival response. If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could have huge health benefits. Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. As people continue to uncover the mysteries of trust, one thing is clear: understanding its genetic roots may hold the key to developing healthier communities in the world. 24. What might affect people’s trust levels according to the two main theories? A. Childhood habits. B. Personal abilities. C. Social experiences. D. Communication skills. 25. What does the recent study focus on? A. The mental cause of trust. B. The ways to develop survival ability. C. The characteristics of different genes. D. The connection between trust and a gene. 26. What does the passage say about trusting others? A. It could bring health benefits. B. It reduces the strong stress in work. C. It helps to develop the world faster. D. It causes quicker survival response. 27. What might be the best title for the passage? A. A Gene Influences How Trusting You Are B. Experiences Make You Grow Dependable C. A Link Between Biology and Social Science D. Theories That Explain Why You Are Trusted (C) Hollywood may have warned about the risks of building up relationships with artificial intelligence (AI), but one computer scientist says we may be missing a trick if we do not accept the positives that human-machine relationships have to offer. Tony Prescott, professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults , he says. “Human loneliness is often described as à cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages further communication with people,” Prescott writes in a new book The Psychology of Artificial Intelligence. “There may be ways in which AI companionship could help break it by strengthening feelings of self-worth and helping maintain or improve social skills. If so, relationships with AIs could support people to find companionship with human and artificial others.” With more than a third of Americans reporting “serious loneliness”, the loneliness problem has become clear in recent years. Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Sherry Turkle. professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships. Murali Doraiswamy, professor of medicine at Duke University, said: “Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution to loneliness. But until society put social connectedness on top of the list, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends.” Researchers may soon know whether people turn to AI for company. Tech firms are building chatbots to be ever more responsive to emotions. This week, OpenAI asked Scarlett Johansson to be the voice of their latest chatbot, GPT-4o, to “help consumers to feel comfortable”. Johansson refused, but the chatbot came onto the market with a voice that friends and family thought was hers. 28. Why are the pets and dolls mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show the meaningful relationship between Al and children.× B. To stress the limitations of human-AI relationships in daily life. C. To display the potential for AI to provide similar companionship. D. To suggest the possibility for AI to replace traditional companions. 29. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The continued failure of human relationships with AI. B. The repeated use of AI and others for companionship. C. The process of developing human self-worth and social skills. D. The pattern of loneliness, lower self-worth and further loneliness. 30. Who expressed concern that AI companionship could weaken human connections? A. Tony Prescott. B. Sherry Turkle. C. Murali Doraiswamy. D. Scarlett Johansson. 31. Which question does the passage mainly focus on? A. Could AI contribute to increased loneliness? B. Will AI companionship replace human interaction? C. Can AI be used as an effective solution to loneliness? D. Is AI companionship better than traditional relationships? Section B (共8分；每题2分) Directions: Complete the form according to the passage content Write one word or more in each space. How to read a poem Poetry is a combination of “sound” and “sense”. More than any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to reveal this hidden dimension? First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean?” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound?” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Are there any repeated words, rhymes or other special effects? All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to a better understanding of the poem in the end. Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking? Who is being talked to? What is being described? Is there a sense of place? Are there other people or objects there? As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together? As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. If you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something, it will have been worth your effort. poetry sound Focus on the sound of the poem instead of 32 Explore the poem by 33 sense When you can’t understand a poem, 34 It is not necessary to 35 III. Writing (共30分) Section A (共6分；每题2分) Directions: Complete the following sentences into English, according to the senescence given in Chinese. 36. 为孩子们写的这本童话故事卖得好。 The fairy tale children sells well. 37. 我的叔叔已经成功戒烟了。 My uncle succeeded in smoking. 38. 不胜伤悲，她好几分钟都说不出话。 sorrow, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes. Section B （共9分； 39题4分， 40题5分） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 39. 这项建议值得考虑，因为它或许会证明是最好的方法。( worth，prove) 40. 记者被要求写出能引起读者情感共鸣的新闻报道。 (appeal) Section C （共15分） Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 41. 假定你是李华，本学期你校要求所有同学完成一项研究性学习报告。你打算邀请你班来自英国的交流生 Thomas 共同完成。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.选题及理由； 2.实施方案。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！第 1 页 共 20 页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年上海市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷01 英语试卷 （笔试部分，时间90分钟，满分80分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary （共20分； 每题1分） Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Walking through the museum, I noticed a gallery, on ______ walls displayed ancient artifacts. A. whose B. its C. which D. that 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：穿过博物馆，我注意到一个画廊，墙上陈列着古代文物。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词gallery，在从句作定语，应用whose。故选A。 2. ________, he still managed to stand up and present his ideas confidently in front of the whole class. A. A timid little boy although he is B. Timid little boy as he is C. Little timid boy though he is D. As a little timid boy is he 【答案】C 【解析】考查倒装句。句意：虽然他是个胆小的小男孩，但他仍然站起来，自信地在全班同学面前陈述自己的观点。本空为让步状语从句，although引导让步状语从句时，从句不用倒装结构，排除选项A；as引导让步状语从句时，从句必须用倒装结构，排除选项D。timid“胆小的”是一个评价性形容词，而little“小的”可以被视为一个表示大小的形容词。因此，按照形容词的标准排序，little timid boy是正确的形式，排除选项B。though引导让步状语从句时，倒装或不倒装均可。选项C中将表语Little timid boy放在句首，运用了倒装结构，且将冠词a省略。故选C。 3. The movie is boring. By the time the movie ended, I______ asleep. A. have fallen B. have been fallen C. had fallen D. had been fallen 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：这部电影很无聊。电影结束的时候，我已经睡着了。先理解句子的语境和时态。句子描述的是电影结束后的情况，即“到电影结束时，我已经...”。由于“电影结束”是一个过去的动作，需要使用过去时态来描述这个时刻之前已经发生的事情，即“过去的过去”， 因此用过去完成时，主语I 和 fall asleep之间是主动关系，因此用过去完成时的主动形式。故选C项。 4. Despite some opposing opinions, the committee insists that the volunteers ________an excellent job in community service and that the prize ________to these warm-hearted men and women. A. should do; be awarded B. have done; will be awarded C. should do; will be awarded D. have done; be awarded 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态、虚拟语气及语态。句意：尽管有一些反对意见，委员会声称志愿者在社区服务方面做得很好，坚持认为应该把奖颁给这些热心的男男女女。当insist“坚持说/声称”用来描述坚持自己的观点或意见时，并不需要虚拟语气，第一空表示志愿者已经做了很好的工作，应用现在完成时；当insist用于表达坚持要求某事时，通常需要用虚拟语气，这是因为这种用法暗示了某个要求可能会被拒绝或有其他不确定的后果，在这种语境下，应该使用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，从句谓语动词award与从句主语the prize是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be awarded。故选D。 5. Self-discipline is all ________ takes to make yourself a better person. A. what B. that C. it D. which 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自律是使自己成为一个更好的人的全部条件。分析句子结构可知，all为先行词；it takes...to do sth.表示“做某事需要什么”，根据空格后谓语动词takes可知，从句中既缺少主语又缺少宾语，所以空格处应填定语从句的引导词that，同时还应填上从句中的主语it，即：空格处应填that it。根据语法规则，关系代词作宾语可以省略。故选C。 6. The ______ look on her face suggested that she ______ it before. A. amazing; wouldn’t know B. amazed; hadn’t known C. amazing; hadn’t known D. amazed; shouldn’t know 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词和动词时态。句意：她脸上惊讶的表情表明她以前不知道这件事。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的look，一般情况下是-ed形容词修饰人，-ing形容词修饰物，但当被修饰词是look（外表），eyes（眼神），face（表情），expression（神情），voice（嗓音）等表示人的情感状况的名词时，要用ed形容词来修饰，二空处，根据suggested以及before可知，描述的是过去的过去，用过去完成时，注意，此处suggest不是“建议”之意，that从句无需用虚拟语气。故选B项。 7. He couldn’t be the person ________ since he was the only one absent from work that day. A. blamed B. to be blamed C. blaming D. to blame 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不应该受到责备，因为那天只有他一个人没来上班。blame作后置定语，修饰名词the person，用不定式to blame，意为“该受责备；应该负责”，主动形式表示被动含义。故选D项。 8. I can’t find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。 9. She is the only one of those who ________a winner of the scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 【答案】D 【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：她是这些人中唯一一个连续三年获得奖学金的人。根据for three years可知，who引导的定语从句用现在完成时，且the only one是先行词，为单数第三人称形式，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以who引导的定语从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 10. It was in this old school ________ the government built in 1968 ________ he received good education. A. where; when B. which; that C. that; which D. where; which 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：正是在那座由当地政府1968年建造的学校里，他接受了良好的教育。分析句子可知，________ the government built in 1968为定语从句，先行词this old school在从句中作宾语，第一空用关系代词which/that。第二空构成强调句，用固定句型“it is+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，被强调部分非人，应用that。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the passage below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space. Even with trickling rain and security risks, Paris has successfully kicked off the 2024 Olympics in its uniquely romantic manner. Not the traditional way, not 11 (safe)way, but certainly the most Parisian way — the French capital impressed the world significantly on Friday by turning the central section of the River Seine 12 a giant open-air theater. Eighty-five boats carrying athletes from 205 delegations sailed into the Olympic spotlight, cheered on by over 320,000 spectators watching from both banks of the river, and from balconies and windows. It was the first time in the history of modern Olympics that the Games’ opening ceremony 13 (move)out of a stadium. The bold innovation successfully took shape on the world’s biggest stage, 14 world-famous singers such as Celine Dion performed, echoing Paris 2024’s official slogan’ Games Wide Open’. 15 made the opening ceremony unforgettable was that the parade of athletes started from the Austerlitz Bridge and sailed along the Seine on boats behind their flag bearers, 16 (pass)by numerous monuments on both banks. It was 17 the Olympians were taking a journey through the country’s rich history and cultural heritage. French President Emmanuel Macron then declared the opening of the Games, kicking off a spectacular light show 18 (feature)laser beams shot from the Eiffel Tower that illuminated the Parisian night. French Olympic champions Marie-Jose Perec and Teddy Riner 19 (light)the ring of flames suspended by a giant balloon. It rose into the air over the Tuileries Garden 20 an honor to the first human flight in a hot-air balloon that took place at the same location in December 1873. 【答案】 11. the safest 12. into 13. had been moved 14. where 15. What 16. passing 17. as if/as though 18. featuring 19. lit 20. as 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章详细描述了2024巴黎奥运会开幕式的独特场景和精彩瞬间，包括开幕式地点的选择、运动员入场的特别方式、以及开幕式上的表演和点火仪式等。 11. 考查形容词最高级。句意：不是传统的方式，也不是最安全的方式，但绝对是最具巴黎特色的方式——这座法国首都于周五将塞纳河中央区域变成了一座巨型露天剧院，给全世界留下了深刻印象。根据下文“the most Parisian”和句意可知，空处为形容词最高级形式。故填the safest。 12. 考查固定短语。句意：不是传统的方式，也不是最安全的方式，但绝对是最具巴黎特色的方式——这座法国首都于周五将塞纳河中央区域变成了一座巨型露天剧院，给全世界留下了深刻印象。分析句子成分可知，空处考查固定短语：turn…into…，意为“将……转变成……”，符合句意。故填into。 13. 考查时态语态。句意：这是现代奥运会历史上首次将开幕式移出体育场。空处考查从句时态，根据主句时态可知从句时态为过去完成时，即it was the first time that(从句中用过去完成时)。从句主语为“the Games’ opening ceremony”，单数，和动词“move”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填had been moved。 14. 考查定语从句。句意：这一大胆创新在世界最大的舞台上成功上演，世界著名歌手如席琳·迪翁等倾情献唱，与2024年巴黎奥运会的官方口号“奥运更开放”相呼应。空处考查定语从句的关系词；先行词为“the world’s biggest stage”，在非限制性定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 15. 考查主语从句。句意：开幕式令人难忘之处在于，运动员方阵从奥斯特利茨桥出发，在他们的旗手引领下乘坐船只沿塞纳河航行，两岸的众多纪念碑在他们眼前掠过。空处考查主语从句的引导词，主语从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填What。 16. 考查非谓语动词。句意：开幕式令人难忘之处在于，运动员方阵从奥斯特利茨桥出发，在他们的旗手引领下乘坐船只沿塞纳河航行，两岸的众多纪念碑在他们眼前掠过。空处考查非谓语动词担当状语；主语为“the parade of athletes”，和动词短语“pass by”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填passing。 17. 考查表语从句。句意：仿佛奥运选手们正在穿越法国丰富的历史和文化遗产之旅。空处考查表语从句的引导词，表示“仿佛”，用引导词“as if/though”，故填as if/though。 18. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙宣布奥运会开幕，一场壮观的光影秀随之上演，埃菲尔铁塔发射出的激光束照亮了巴黎的夜晚。空处考查非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a light show”和动词“feature”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填featuring。 19. 考查时态。句意：法国奥运冠军玛丽-若泽·佩雷克和泰迪·里纳点燃了一个由巨大气球悬挂的火环。空处考查本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填lit。 20. 考查介词。句意：它升向空中，越过杜伊勒里花园，以纪念1873年12月在此地发生的第一次热气球载人飞行。空处考查介词形式，意为“作为”，用as。故填as。 II. Reading Comprehension （共30分； 每题2分） Section A Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage and Ian Marshall had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents. On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb a mountain nearby on their own. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop. However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come. Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried about the boys. They called park workers and began searching for the boys. While waiting for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold windy night. Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian warm and they rested together through the night. At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their relieved parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.” 21. What happened when Jeremy and Ian started the climb down? A. They lost their way. B. The weather turned bad. C. They ran out of their food. D. Ian fell and got injured. 22. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Their parents met them at the campsite. B. Jeremy carried Ian on his back to climb down. C. Their parents helped them out of the trouble. D. Jeremy and Ian waited for four hours to be saved. 23. What words can best describe Jeremy? A. Brave and confident. B. Loyal and honest. C. Trust-worthy and selfless. D. Hard-working and sympathetic. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要描写Jeremy 和Ian与父母攀登时，Ian不幸受伤了，Jeremy不离不弃地陪着他。 21. 细节理解题。根据第三段“On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. (在山上的一个非常危险的地方，Ian从小径旁摔下了三米。Jeremy爬下去找到了Ian，发现他受了重伤，无法移动)”可知，Ian掉下来受伤了。故选D。 22. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Jeremy carried Ian on his back. (于是，他们开始了返回营地的漫长攀爬。Jeremy背着Ian)”可知，Jeremy背着Ian下山。故选B。 23. 推理判断题。根据第三段“On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. (在山上的一个非常危险的地方，Ian从小径旁摔下了三米。Jeremy爬下去找到了Ian，发现他受了重伤，无法移动)”以及最后一段“So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their relieved parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain.(于是，他们开始了返回营地的漫长攀爬。Jeremy背着Ian。最终，在四个漫长而疲惫的小时后，他们遇到了正在山上寻找他们的父母，父母见到他们后松了一口气)”可知，Ian受伤之后，Jeremy不离不弃，可见Ian是一个很值得信任和无私的人。故选C。 (B) If a stranger knocked on your door asking for using your phone, would you help? How about lending them five dollars for the bus, if they said they’d return and pay you back? Nowadays, many people find it hard to trust strangers. A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic - it could be rooted in our DNA. This is important, as it turns out that trusting people might actually live longer and healthier lives compared to more skeptical (怀疑的) people. Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others. One suggests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it’s influenced by a person’s ongoing evaluation of the social environment. We can easily imagine that the answer to the question  “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned. This is where the recent research comes in. A professor of Lund University, Edgerton and his coworkers have been doing research about trust. In their most recent study, involving 33, 882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因) - PLPP4, strongly associated with the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPNP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust within the study population. If you take two people who have similar education and life experiences, this gene alone could account for 6% of the difference in how much they trust others. They believe that the PLPP4 gene may somehow soften our “fight-or-flight” survival response. If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could have huge health benefits. Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. As people continue to uncover the mysteries of trust, one thing is clear: understanding its genetic roots may hold the key to developing healthier communities in the world. 24. What might affect people’s trust levels according to the two main theories? A. Childhood habits. B. Personal abilities. C. Social experiences. D. Communication skills. 25. What does the recent study focus on? A. The mental cause of trust. B. The ways to develop survival ability. C. The characteristics of different genes. D. The connection between trust and a gene. 26. What does the passage say about trusting others? A. It could bring health benefits. B. It reduces the strong stress in work. C. It helps to develop the world faster. D. It causes quicker survival response. 27. What might be the best title for the passage? A. A Gene Influences How Trusting You Are B. Experiences Make You Grow Dependable C. A Link Between Biology and Social Science D. Theories That Explain Why You Are Trusted 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，我们信任陌生人可能不仅仅是一种社会或心理特征，它可能根植于我们的DNA。 24. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The other thinks it’s influenced by a person’s ongoing evaluation of the social environment. We can easily imagine that the answer to the question “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned. (另一种观点认为，这是受到一个人对社会环境的持续评估的影响。我们可以很容易地想象，对于“你认为大多数人都是可以信任的吗？”这取决于你前一天是否被抢劫过，或者你丢失的钱包是否被找回来了.)”可知，人们的社会经历会影响他们对他人的信任程度。故选C。 25. 细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic - it could be rooted in our DNA. (最近的一项研究发现，我们信任陌生人的能力可能不仅仅是一种社会或心理特征——它可能根植于我们的DNA。)”和第四段“In their most recent study, involving 33, 882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因) - PLPP4, strongly associated with the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPNP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust within the study population. (在他们最近的一项研究中，涉及33882名丹麦献血者，他们发现了一个单一的基因 - PLPP4，与信任他人的性格密切相关，PLPNP4基因解释了研究人群中6%的社会信任差异。)”可推断，近来的一个研究的重点是信任与基因的关系。故选D。 26. 细节理解题。根据第二段“This is important, as it turns out that trusting people might actually live longer and healthier lives compared to more skeptical (怀疑的) people. (这一点很重要，因为事实证明，与多疑的人相比，信任的人实际上可能活得更长、更健康。)”及第五段“If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could have huge health benefits. Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. (如果当我们遇到新朋友时，我们的战斗或逃跑系统不那么强大，那么信任他人可能会对健康有巨大的好处。事实上，如果信任他人能起到对抗压力的作用，它可能会降低患心血管疾病的风险。)”可知，信任别人会使人健康、降低心血管疾病的风险。故选A。 27. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic - it could be rooted in our DNA. (最近的一项研究发现，我们信任陌生人的能力可能不仅仅是一种社会或心理特征——它可能根植于我们的DNA。)”可知，本文主要介绍研究发现，我们信任陌生人可能不仅仅是一种社会或心理特征，它可能根植于我们的DNA。A项“基因影响你的信任程度。”适合作本文标题。故选A。 (C) Hollywood may have warned about the risks of building up relationships with artificial intelligence (AI), but one computer scientist says we may be missing a trick if we do not accept the positives that human-machine relationships have to offer. Tony Prescott, professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults , he says. “Human loneliness is often described as à cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages further communication with people,” Prescott writes in a new book The Psychology of Artificial Intelligence. “There may be ways in which AI companionship could help break it by strengthening feelings of self-worth and helping maintain or improve social skills. If so, relationships with AIs could support people to find companionship with human and artificial others.” With more than a third of Americans reporting “serious loneliness”, the loneliness problem has become clear in recent years. Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Sherry Turkle. professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships. Murali Doraiswamy, professor of medicine at Duke University, said: “Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution to loneliness. But until society put social connectedness on top of the list, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends.” Researchers may soon know whether people turn to AI for company. Tech firms are building chatbots to be ever more responsive to emotions. This week, OpenAI asked Scarlett Johansson to be the voice of their latest chatbot, GPT-4o, to “help consumers to feel comfortable”. Johansson refused, but the chatbot came onto the market with a voice that friends and family thought was hers. 28. Why are the pets and dolls mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show the meaningful relationship between Al and children.× B. To stress the limitations of human-AI relationships in daily life. C. To display the potential for AI to provide similar companionship. D. To suggest the possibility for AI to replace traditional companions. 29. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The continued failure of human relationships with AI. B. The repeated use of AI and others for companionship. C. The process of developing human self-worth and social skills. D. The pattern of loneliness, lower self-worth and further loneliness. 30. Who expressed concern that AI companionship could weaken human connections? A. Tony Prescott. B. Sherry Turkle. C. Murali Doraiswamy. D. Scarlett Johansson. 31. Which question does the passage mainly focus on? A. Could AI contribute to increased loneliness? B. Will AI companionship replace human interaction? C. Can AI be used as an effective solution to loneliness? D. Is AI companionship better than traditional relationships? 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了人工智能伴侣是否能成为解决人类孤独感的有效方案，以及这一观点引发的不同看法。 28. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Tony Prescott, professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults , he says.(University of Sheffield认知机器人教授Tony Prescott认为，人工智能在防止人类孤独感方面发挥着重要作用。他说，就像我们与宠物建立起有意义的纽带，对孩子玩洋娃娃毫无保留一样，我们也应该对人工智能对成年人的价值持开放态度)”可知，第二段中提到的宠物和娃娃有助于说明人工智能提供类似陪伴的潜力。故选C。 29. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Human loneliness is often described as à cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages further communication with people(人类孤独的特征通常是螺旋式下降，在这种情况下，孤独会导致自尊降低，从而阻碍与他人的进一步互动)”可知，孤独感会导致一个向下的螺旋，即孤立导致自尊降低，进而阻碍与他人的进一步互动，因此it指的是孤独，低自尊和进一步孤独的这种模式，故选D。 30. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Sherry Turkle. professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships.(麻省理工学院社会科学教授Sherry Turkle警告说，与机器建立关系可能会适得其反，导致人们的人际关系更缺少安全感和令人满意度)”可知，Sherry Turkle表达了对AI陪伴可能降低人类关系质量的担忧。故选B。 31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Tony Prescott, professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness.(University of Sheffield认知机器人教授Tony Prescott认为，人工智能在防止人类孤独感方面发挥着重要作用)”和第四段“Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Sherry Turkle. professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships.(人工智能是否可以或应该成为解决方案的一部分，并不是一个新的争论。麻省理工学院（MIT）社会科学教授Sherry Turkle警告说，与机器建立关系可能会适得其反，导致人们的人际关系更少安全和令人满意度)”可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能伴侣是否能成为解决人类孤独感的有效方案，以及这一观点引发的不同看法，因此这篇文章主要探讨的是人工智能能否有效解决孤独感。故选C。 Section B (共8分；每题2分) Directions: Complete the form according to the passage content Write one word or more in each space. How to read a poem Poetry is a combination of “sound” and “sense”. More than any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to reveal this hidden dimension? First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean?” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound?” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Are there any repeated words, rhymes or other special effects? All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to a better understanding of the poem in the end. Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking? Who is being talked to? What is being described? Is there a sense of place? Are there other people or objects there? As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together? As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. If you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something, it will have been worth your effort. poetry sound Focus on the sound of the poem instead of 32 Explore the poem by 33 sense When you can’t understand a poem, 34 It is not necessary to 35 【答案】32. its true meaning 33. reading it aloud 34. be patient 35. fully understand a poem to appreciate it 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何读诗。 32. 考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.(即使它的真正含义似乎超出了你的理解，当你大声朗读它时，你总是可以说出一些关于这首诗的声音)”可知，把注意力放在诗的发音上，而不是它的真正含义上。故填its true meaning。 33. 考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段“you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.(当你大声朗读它时，你总是可以说出一些关于这首诗的声音)”可知，通过大声朗读来探索这首诗。故填reading it aloud。 34. 考查细节理解题，根据文章倒数第二段“If you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience.(如果你即使付出了很多心血，仍在努力解读一首诗的意义，请有一些耐心。)”可知，当你看不懂一首诗的时候，要有耐心。故填be patient。 35. 考查细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it.(最后，记住你不必完全理解一首诗来欣赏它)”可知，欣赏一首诗并不需要完全理解它。故填fully understand a poem to appreciate it。 III. Writing (共30分) Section A (共6分；每题2分) Directions: Complete the following sentences into English, according to the senescence given in Chinese. 36. 为孩子们写的这本童话故事卖得好。 The fairy tale children sells well. 【答案】 meant/intended/designed for 【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语be meant/intended/ designed for“打算为……”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰The fairy tale，所以为过去分词形式。故填meant/ intended/designed；for。 37. 我的叔叔已经成功戒烟了。 My uncle succeeded in smoking. 【答案】 giving up 【解析】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“戒烟”为give up smoking，空前in为介词，所以空处应用动名词形式。故填①giving②up。 38. 不胜伤悲，她好几分钟都说不出话。 sorrow, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes. 【答案】 Overcome with/by 【解析】考查过去分词和短语。be overcome with/by“被……充满/充斥”为固定短语，本句为过去分词作状语，去掉be，首字母大写。故填 Overcome;with/by。 Section B （共9分； 39题4分， 40题5分） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 39. 这项建议值得考虑，因为它或许会证明是最好的方法。( worth，prove) 【答案】The suggestion is worth considering because it may prove to be the best way. 【解析】考查固定短语和状语从句。主语“这项建议”为单数名词suggestion，用定冠词the表示特指；表示“值得做某事”短语为be worth doing sth.；表示“考虑”应用动名词considering；“因为它或许会证明是最好的方法”翻译为because引导的原因状语从句；从句中主语为it；表示“或许”用情态动词may；表示“证明是最好的方法”为prove to be the best way，may后跟动词原形。句子陈述事实，时态为一般现在时。故翻译为The suggestion is worth considering because it may prove to be the best way. 40. 记者被要求写出能引起读者情感共鸣的新闻报道。 (appeal) 【答案】Journalists are required to write news reports that/which can appeal to readers’ emotions. 【解析】考查动词短语、被动语态和定语从句。“记者”表达为名词journalists，作主语，位于句首单词首字母大写；“被要求”表达为被动语态are required to；“写出新闻报道”表达为write news reports；“能引起读者情感共鸣的”结合所给动词appeal，表达为定语从句that/which can appeal to readers’ emotions，修饰news reports，其中can为情态动词，其后为动词原形，appeal to为固定短语，表示“吸引，打动”，故翻译为Journalists are required to write news reports that/which can appeal to readers’ emotions. Section C （共15分） Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 41. 假定你是李华，本学期你校要求所有同学完成一项研究性学习报告。你打算邀请你班来自英国的交流生 Thomas 共同完成。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.选题及理由； 2.实施方案。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Thomas, I hope this email finds you well. I’m writing to invite you to join me in this term’s research project on reading classic literary works among us students. This topic was chosen as it’ll enhance our understanding of cross-cultural differences in literary appreciation. As is planned, we’ll design a survey, collect data from peers, analyze the results and compile a report with recommendations. Your perspective as a British student would be invaluable. Would this be something you’re interested in? Please share your thoughts at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【写作解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你班级来自英国的交流生 Thomas写封邮件，邀请他共同完成本学期学校要求所有同学完成的一项研究性学习报告。 1.词汇积累 邀请某人：invite sb→extend an invitation to sb 增强：enhance→promote 选择：choose→select 计划：plan→schedule 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to invite you to join me in this term’s research project on reading classic literary works among us students. 拓展句：I’m writing to invite you to join me in this term’s research project whose topic is reading classic literary works among us students. 【高分句型1】This topic was chosen as it’ll enhance our understanding of cross-cultural differences in literary appreciation.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】Would this be something you’re interested in?（运用了省略关系词的定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！第 1 页 共 20 页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$