精品解析：新疆阿克苏市实验中学2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题

阿克苏市实验中学2024—2025学年第一学期高二年级第一次月考 英语试卷 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Midjourney is an AI-based tool designed to create art from textual descriptions. Users put in some key words, and the AI develops an image according to that description. You need to know how to use Midjourney if you want to create some of the most exciting AI art. Midjourney lets users create anything they can imagine from just text prompts (提示). How to Use Midjourney—Text to Image 1. Once you’ve joined the Midjourney Discord, choose a server to join. It’s best to choose a “Newbie” server for a beginner. 2. Select the chat box at the bottom, and type “/ imagine”, then click “Imagine”. 3. Type in the prompt for the art you wish to create and hit “Enter”. A well-designed prompt can help make unique and exciting images. A basic prompt can be as simple as a single word or phrase. 4. Wait a few moments and keep an eye on the chat box where it will be posted. Prompting Tip The Midjourney Bot works best with simple, short phrases that describe what you want to see. Avoid long lists of requests and instructions. Subscription (订购) Plans Midjourney once offered a free limited use but now it is accepting paid members only. Membership starts at $10 for the basic plan, which will get you around 200 image works a month. Midjourney offers four different levels of subscription plans. Customers can choose to pay on a monthly basis, or they can choose to pay for the entire year to have a 20% discount (折扣). Basic Plan Standard Plan Pro Plan Mega Plan Monthly Subscription $10 $30 $60 $120 Yearly Subscription $96 ($8/ month) $288 ($24/ month) $576 ($48/ month) $1,152 ($96/ month) 1. What’s the function of Midjourney? A. To write articles. B. To create pictures. C. To improve texts. D. To compare artworks. 2 Which of the following is suggested to get what you want when using Midjourney? A. Giving brief descriptions. B. Choosing the best server. C. Offering long lists of requests. D. Turning to an expert for help. 3. How much should you pay if you choose a Standard Plan for 6 months? A. $ 60. B. $ 144. C. $ 180. D. $ 288. B Chelsea Sodaro is a 34-year-old new mom who recently won the VinFast IRONMAN World Championship in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, in the professional women’s field. Just 18 months after giving birth to her daughter, Skylar, the professional triathlete won the intense competition. The IRONMAN World Championship required contestants to complete a difficult race—a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a 26.2-mile run. A resident in Reno, Nevada told Fox News Digital, “The IRONMAN World Championship is the most important part of our sport. All the best athletes show up ready to throw down”. Sodaro, shockingly, had only ever completed one IRONMAN prior to the World Championship—in June 2022. With just one other full IRONMAN finished, Chelsea Sodaro had to train hard for the championship. The preparation for a race like this can range depending on the competitor, but for Sodaro, preparation was the key to her massive success. The triathlete trains roughly 25—30 hours a week across all areas of the race: swimming, biking and running. Training athletes like her also tend to lift weights and gain muscle to help them succeed in the race. However, this particular competition proved to be a challenge beyond the physical training aspect. Sodaro said the Big Island of Hawaii had unique climate conditions that required additional training on her part. But during the days leading up to the race day, Sodaro said she was very nervous. But she said that right before the race began, she felt a sense of peace. “I poured so much into my work, and my family made a lot of sacrifices to get me to the start line in one piece. I knew that I was ready to have a great day,” she said. So how did Sodaro make it to the finish line first? She said she stayed focused and didn’t panic when things went wrong. Sodaro crossed the finish line at 8:33:46. That made her the first rookie (新选手) to win the IRONMAN World Champion in 15 years and the first American in over 25 years. 4. What does the underlined phrase “throw down” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beat others. B. Take up challenges. C. Create history. D. Get pleasure. 5 Why did Chelsea Sodaro win a big success in the race? A. She is good at various sports. B. Her preparation had gone well. C. She is an experienced competitor. D. The local residents gave her support. 6. How did Chelsea Sodaro respond to stress before the race? A. By encouraging herself. B. By giving herself a short break. C. By talking with her family. D. By adding more physical training. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Best IRONMAN Races in Kailua-Kona B. Female Athlete Returns After Having a Baby C. Chelsea Sodaro Crossed the Finish Line D. New Mom Wins IRONMAN Championship C Scientists of the University of Chicago have discovered a way to create a material that can be made like a plastic, but conducts electricity more like a metal. The research, published in Nature, shows how to make a kind of material in which the molecular (分子) pieces are disordered, but can still conduct electricity extremely well. This goes against all of the rules we know about conductivity — to a scientist, it’s kind of seeing a car driving on water and still going 70 mph. The finding could be extraordinarily useful; if you want to invent something revolutionary, the process often first starts with discovering a completely new material. To the scientists’ astonishment, the material easily and strongly conducted electricity. What’s more, it was very stable. “We heated it, cooled it, exposed it to air and in a wet environment, and even dropped acid and alkali (酸和碱) on it, and nothing happened,” said Xie, the first author on the paper. That is enormously helpful for a device that has to function in the real world. But to the scientists, the most striking thing was that the molecular structure of the material was disordered. “From a fundamental picture, that should not be able to be a metal,” said Anderson, the senior author on the study. “There isn’t a solid theory to explain this.” One of the material’s attractive characteristics is that it has new options for processing. For example, metals usually have to be melted in order to be made into the right shape for a chip or device, which limits what you can make with them, since other components of the device have to be able to withstand the heat needed to process these materials. The new material has no such limitation because it can be made at room temperatures. It can still be used where the need for a device or pieces of the device to withstand heat, acid or alkali, or a wet environment has previously limited engineers’ options to develop new technology. 8. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A. Introduce the object to be explained. B. Provide an example to analyze. C. Offer some background information. D. Make necessary comparisons for the readers. 9. Why is a car driving on water mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To highlight the creativity of the finding B. To show the difficulty of the process. C. To explain the importance of speed. D. To stress the character of the car. 10. What made scientists amazed most about the material? A. Stable function. B. Easy conduction. C. Structural disorder. D. Flexible processing. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the new material? A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Favorable. D. Negative. D People experience emotional pain — often in the form of guilt (内疚) — when spending money. This is called the moral tax (道德税) or pain of payment. We can reduce this guilt by separating the enjoyment of a purchase (购买) from its payment. However, the best way to reduce moral tax is by receiving a gift—an item you don’t have to pay for at all! As a result, the best gifts are items that normally bring particularly high levels of moral tax. This may include goods that appear overpriced and therefore bring particularly bad feelings of guilt upon purchase. Curiously, it’s not about the actual amount of money spent. What matters most are the emotions brought by the gift (or the guilt taken away). Consider the following example as an explanation. For weeks, Anne has had her eye on a pair of designer shoes. They look incredibly stylish and go perfectly with her new winter coat. She’s got enough money to pay for the shoes but doesn’t think the purchase is necessary. After all, she already owns three other pairs of winter footwear. Still, Anne makes sure to mention the shoes to her husband Alex, and on Christmas morning she is overjoyed to open a large box containing the shoes. She is happy with the gift even though Alex bought it from their family bank account. Looking at it from an economic point of view, Anne’s happiness doesn’t make any sense. Since she shares a bank account with her husband, it doesn’t matter who buys the shoes. The loss of money is the same either way. How can Anne be happy with Alex making a purchase she previously thought unnecessary? It all comes down to moral tax. By making the payment on Anne’s behalf, Alex cuts her wife’s pain of payment. Anne gets to enjoy her precious shoes guilt-free. The experts suggest that the best gifts are things that people really want but refuse themselves to avoid feeling guilty. What are your partner’s secret wants and guilty pleasures? Unfortunately, that’s the one question you need to answer yourself. 12. What does the moral tax refer to in the text? A. The guilt of receiving an expensive gift. B. The problems caused by overspending. C. The feeling of satisfaction after making a purchase. D. The emotional pain coming from spending money. 13. Why does Anne refuse to buy the shoes herself? A. She has got a similar pair. B. She is influenced by the moral tax. C. She decides to put off satisfaction. D. She only wants to use her husband’s money. 14. What may an economist think of Anne’s excitement? A. Unreasonable. B. Unreal. C. Interesting. D. Expected. 15. What do the experts suggest about the best gifts? A. They should be practical and useful. B. They should be expensive to show appreciation. C. They should be items that people really want but avoid buying due to guilt. D They should be items that don’t cost people too much but are meaningful. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone needs friendship to survive. How do we strengthen the existing friendships in our lives? Here some experts offer the following tips. Show your affection to your friends. We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships. ____16____. It’s about communicating love and appreciation. There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. ____17____. These simple acts show you genuinely care for them and let them know it’s safe to invest in your friendship. Be generous to your friends. Think about what your skills and talents are and find a way to turn them into a generous act. Sharing your time, attention or resources with them is an easy way to develop your friendships. People want to stay with friends who value them, and generosity is a way to express that. You can share acts of generosity with your friends. If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents. ____18____ ____19____ Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a trashy (无聊) TV show and hear them respond“Me too!”We feel a deeper connection to our friends when our vulnerability (脆弱) is met with support. It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends. It may bring you closer. Face conflict bravely ____20____.But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships. It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to make your relationship better. A. Share your struggles and joys. B. It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. C. And remind them you are grateful to know them. D. But it’s more than holding hands and kissing. E. It is more likely to build deep, long-lasting friendships. F. Start by telling your friends how much you value them. G. If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Actor Anthony Anderson has realized a dream 30 years in the making. The 51-year-old ____21____ a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Howard University last week. “It was all a dream! Words fail to____22____ the feeling I’m having right now,” Anderson wrote on a social media platform. “My proudest moment is a sense of ____23____—finishing what I started many years ago.” Anderson finished his junior year at Howard 30 years ago. ____24____ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a____25____ from school. He worked hard to make a____26____. Later he started a family and his career ____27____. He played the starring roles in many films and became a____28____. The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school. It was something he always felt____29____ about — until his son, Nathan, gained ____30____ to Howard four years ago. That inspired his longing for university study, so he was____31____ to go back and finish his degree. “This spring I was____32____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,” Anderson said. He marked it as a____33____ by calling it “a full-circle moment” and ____34____ his fans, “It’s never too late. Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!” Anderson, now a father of two, plans to ____35____ his education and go to graduate school for a master’s degree. 21. A. received B. took C. deserved D. held 22. A. cause B. give C. describe D. hide 23. A. purpose B. identity C. completion D. belonging 24. A. In terms of B. With regard to C. By comparison with D. On account of 25. A. reward B. favor C. job D. break 26. A. fortune B. living C. promotion D. reputation 27. A. took off B. started over C. slowed down D. pulled up 28. A. hit B. leader C. singer D. director 29. A. confused B. upset C. anxious D. regretful 30. A. assistance B. admission C. invitation D. permission 31. A. willing B. cautious C. determined D. satisfied 32. A. eventually B. gradually C. obviously D. temporarily 33. A. bonus B. milestone C. dreamland D. wonder 34. A. warned B. taught C. commanded D. reminded 35. A. record B. acquire C. further D. finish 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dragon Head-raising Day is celebrated on the second day of the second Chinese lunar month ____36____(show) respect for the dragon and pray for good weather for farming and big harvest, ____37____ is considered as the start of spring and farming. Dragon Head-raising Day has relation with spring and farming. After the cold winter, spring comes and animals are ____38____ (wake) , but because of the winter, the weather is dry and farming lacks water. To this climate phenomenon, there is a folk saying that ____39____ will rain when the dragon raise its head. On that day, there ____40____(be) lots of conventional celebration activities. First, in the early morning, every family would light a lantern and go to a river or a well to fetch water and back home, then light ____41____(candle) , burn incense (香) sticks and offer a sacrifice. Second, people would go to a temple ____42____ honour of the dragon. Third, it is to have a haircut, which ____43____ (view) as a sign of good luck. A saying tells that having a haircut on this day, you would be energetic in the whole year. ____44____ (final) , there is a thing about eating: eating long and thin noodles _____45_____(call) Longxumian (Dragon Beard Noodles) which has a symbolic meaning-a long life expectancy. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 请以The Person Who Influences Me Most为题，写一篇关于对你生命产生重大影响的人物的短文。这个人可以是你的家人、老师、导师或公众人物。描述他/她是如何影响你的，你欣赏他/她的哪些品质，他/她的言行如何塑造了你的观点或行为。 注意： 1．词数80左右; 2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Person Who Influences Me Most _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 John and Nancy were left with their grandmother Linda after their mom was hospitalized for illness. They were curious about when they could finally see their mom. “The hospital won’t allow her to leave until all of her medical bills are settled. I have given your mom all I could, but there’s still a large amount that we need to pay off,” Linda explained. John and Nancy missed their mom a lot and wanted her to come back home as soon as possible. “What if we put up a lemonade stand (摊位), John?” Nancy asked her older brother. “We can pick the lemons from the garden and make fresh juice out of them,” she suggested. Her brother smiled, “That’s a great idea, Nancy!” From then on, John and Nancy stayed outside the entire afternoon after school selling lemonade. A week went by, they only managed to earn ten dollars. On Saturday morning, they sat on the side of the yard, looking worried. After a couple of seconds, their silent pondering (沉思) was interrupted by loud police sirens. “Hey, fellas!” one of the policemen greeted. “My colleague Jacob said that his neighbor had a lemonade stand in front of their yard.” The two children nodded. “I’m sorry, officer. But I didn’t think there would be anything wrong with that. Besides, we didn’t earn a lot,” John tried to explain. “Don’t worry. You’re not in trouble. I bought a cup of it from you two the other day, remember? I asked why you were selling lemonade, and you told me it was to raise funds to get your mom out of the hospital,” Jacob interrupted upon seeing John and Nancy looked nervous. “I told my friends over here, and we decided we wanted to help. Come to the back of the police car, and we have something to show you,” Jacob told the kids. They slowly made their way to the back of one of the police cars and saw a nicely-painted wooden lemonade stand. “That’s beautiful!” Nancy said in surprise. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “There’s a big food festival downtown today, and we got you a stand.” Jacob said. “Why not go there and give it a shot?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ There was a large crowd eager to buy lemonade. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阿克苏市实验中学2024—2025学年第一学期高二年级第一次月考 英语试卷 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Midjourney is an AI-based tool designed to create art from textual descriptions. Users put in some key words, and the AI develops an image according to that description. You need to know how to use Midjourney if you want to create some of the most exciting AI art. Midjourney lets users create anything they can imagine from just text prompts (提示). How to Use Midjourney—Text to Image 1. Once you’ve joined the Midjourney Discord, choose a server to join. It’s best to choose a “Newbie” server for a beginner. 2. Select the chat box at the bottom, and type “/ imagine”, then click “Imagine”. 3. Type in the prompt for the art you wish to create and hit “Enter”. A well-designed prompt can help make unique and exciting images. A basic prompt can be as simple as a single word or phrase. 4. Wait a few moments and keep an eye on the chat box where it will be posted. Prompting Tip The Midjourney Bot works best with simple, short phrases that describe what you want to see. Avoid long lists of requests and instructions. Subscription (订购) Plans Midjourney once offered a free limited use but now it is accepting paid members only. Membership starts at $10 for the basic plan, which will get you around 200 image works a month. Midjourney offers four different levels of subscription plans. Customers can choose to pay on a monthly basis, or they can choose to pay for the entire year to have a 20% discount (折扣). Basic Plan Standard Plan Pro Plan Mega Plan Monthly Subscription $10 $30 $60 $120 Yearly Subscription $96 ($8/ month) $288 ($24/ month) $576 ($48/ month) $1,152 ($96/ month) 1. What’s the function of Midjourney? A. To write articles. B. To create pictures. C. To improve texts. D. To compare artworks. 2. Which of the following is suggested to get what you want when using Midjourney? A. Giving brief descriptions. B. Choosing the best server. C. Offering long lists of requests. D. Turning to an expert for help. 3. How much should you pay if you choose a Standard Plan for 6 months? A. $ 60. B. $ 144. C. $ 180. D. $ 288. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Midjourney这一人工智能程序的使用方法和订购价格等。 1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Midjourney is an AI-based tool designed to create art from textual descriptions. Users put in some key words, and the AI develops an image according to that description.(Midjourney是一个基于人工智能的工具，旨在从文本描述中创建艺术。用户输入一些关键词，人工智能就会根据这些描述生成图像。)”可知，Midjourney的功能是生成图像。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prompting Tip部分的句子“The Midjourney Bot works best with simple, short phrases that describe what you want to see. Avoid long lists of requests and instructions.(用简单、简短的短语来描述你想看到的东西，the Midjourney Bot工作效果最好。避免冗长的要求和指示清单。)”可知，使用Midjourney时，最好用简短的描述。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后表格中的价格可知，如果选择6个月的标准计划，需要付的钱是：$30*6=$180。故选C项。 B Chelsea Sodaro is a 34-year-old new mom who recently won the VinFast IRONMAN World Championship in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, in the professional women’s field. Just 18 months after giving birth to her daughter, Skylar, the professional triathlete won the intense competition. The IRONMAN World Championship required contestants to complete a difficult race—a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a 26.2-mile run. A resident in Reno, Nevada told Fox News Digital, “The IRONMAN World Championship is the most important part of our sport. All the best athletes show up ready to throw down”. Sodaro, shockingly, had only ever completed one IRONMAN prior to the World Championship—in June 2022. With just one other full IRONMAN finished, Chelsea Sodaro had to train hard for the championship. The preparation for a race like this can range depending on the competitor, but for Sodaro, preparation was the key to her massive success. The triathlete trains roughly 25—30 hours a week across all areas of the race: swimming, biking and running. Training athletes like her also tend to lift weights and gain muscle to help them succeed in the race. However, this particular competition proved to be a challenge beyond the physical training aspect. Sodaro said the Big Island of Hawaii had unique climate conditions that required additional training on her part. But during the days leading up to the race day, Sodaro said she was very nervous. But she said that right before the race began, she felt a sense of peace. “I poured so much into my work, and my family made a lot of sacrifices to get me to the start line in one piece. I knew that I was ready to have a great day,” she said. So how did Sodaro make it to the finish line first? She said she stayed focused and didn’t panic when things went wrong. Sodaro crossed the finish line at 8:33:46. That made her the first rookie (新选手) to win the IRONMAN World Champion in 15 years and the first American in over 25 years. 4. What does the underlined phrase “throw down” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beat others. B. Take up challenges. C. Create history. D. Get pleasure. 5. Why did Chelsea Sodaro win a big success in the race? A. She is good at various sports. B. Her preparation had gone well. C. She is an experienced competitor. D. The local residents gave her support. 6. How did Chelsea Sodaro respond to stress before the race? A. By encouraging herself. B. By giving herself a short break. C. By talking with her family. D. By adding more physical training. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Best IRONMAN Races in Kailua-Kona B. Female Athlete Returns After Having a Baby C. Chelsea Sodaro Crossed the Finish Line D. New Mom Wins IRONMAN Championship 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了34岁的ChelseaSodaro在生下女儿18个月后，在夏威夷的VinFast铁人世界锦标赛上夺得冠军的故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线部分上文中的“The IRONMAN World Championship required contestants to complete a difficult race — a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a 26.2-mile run.(铁人世界锦标赛要求参赛者完成一项艰难的比赛——游泳2.4英里，骑自行车112英里，跑步26.2英里)”以及“The IRONMAN World Championship is the most important part of our sport.(世界铁人锦标赛是我们运动中最重要的一部分)”可知，这项比赛很难，而且这项比赛是很重要的。由此推知“All the best athletes show up…(所有最好的运动员都会参加……)”应是表达，所有最好的运动员都来参加比赛，挑战这项艰难而又重要的比赛项目。由此推知，划线词组throw down应是“接受挑战”含义。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The preparation for a race like this can range depending on the competitor, but for Sodaro, preparation was the key to her massive success.(为这样的比赛所做的准备可能因参赛者而异，但对于Sodaro来说，准备是她取得巨大成功的关键)”可知，准备做得好是Sodaro取得巨大成功的关键。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“But during the days leading up to the race day, Sodaro said she was very nervous. But she said that right before the race began, she felt a sense of peace. “I poured so much into my work, and my family made a lot of sacrifices to get me to the start line in one piece. I knew that I was ready to have a great day,” she said.(但是在比赛前的几天里，Sodaro说她非常紧张。但她说，就在比赛开始前，她感到一种平静。“我在准备工作上投入了很多，我的家人也做出了很多牺牲，才让我安然无恙地跑到起跑线上。我知道我已经准备好度过美好的一天了，”她说)”可知，面对即将到来的比赛，她起初很紧张，但在比赛开始前，她感到很平静。这是因为她认为她在训练上付出了很多努力，家人也做出了很多牺牲。她也已经准备好度过美好的一天了，也就是说她有信心参赛。由此推知，面对压力，Sodaro采用的是自我鼓励的方式。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段内容“Chelsea Sodaro is a 34-year-old new mom who recently won the VinFast IRONMAN World Championship in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, in the professional women’s field.(Chelsea Sodaro是一位34岁的新手妈妈，她最近在夏威夷凯鲁瓦科纳举行的VinFast IRONMAN世界锦标赛中赢得了职业女子领域的冠军)”点明了文章的核心要义，即本文主要讲述了34岁的新手妈妈ChelseaSodaro在夏威夷的VinFast铁人世界锦标赛上夺冠的故事。由此可知，D项“New Mom Wins IRONMAN Championship(新妈妈赢得铁人锦标赛)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。 C Scientists of the University of Chicago have discovered a way to create a material that can be made like a plastic, but conducts electricity more like a metal. The research, published in Nature, shows how to make a kind of material in which the molecular (分子) pieces are disordered, but can still conduct electricity extremely well. This goes against all of the rules we know about conductivity — to a scientist, it’s kind of seeing a car driving on water and still going 70 mph. The finding could be extraordinarily useful; if you want to invent something revolutionary, the process often first starts with discovering a completely new material. To the scientists’ astonishment, the material easily and strongly conducted electricity. What’s more, it was very stable. “We heated it, cooled it, exposed it to air and in a wet environment, and even dropped acid and alkali (酸和碱) on it, and nothing happened,” said Xie, the first author on the paper. That is enormously helpful for a device that has to function in the real world. But to the scientists, the most striking thing was that the molecular structure of the material was disordered. “From a fundamental picture, that should not be able to be a metal,” said Anderson, the senior author on the study. “There isn’t a solid theory to explain this.” One of the material’s attractive characteristics is that it has new options for processing. For example, metals usually have to be melted in order to be made into the right shape for a chip or device, which limits what you can make with them, since other components of the device have to be able to withstand the heat needed to process these materials. The new material has no such limitation because it can be made at room temperatures. It can still be used where the need for a device or pieces of the device to withstand heat, acid or alkali, or a wet environment has previously limited engineers’ options to develop new technology. 8. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A. Introduce the object to be explained. B. Provide an example to analyze. C. Offer some background information. D. Make necessary comparisons for the readers. 9. Why is a car driving on water mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To highlight the creativity of the finding B To show the difficulty of the process. C. To explain the importance of speed. D. To stress the character of the car. 10 What made scientists amazed most about the material? A. Stable function. B. Easy conduction. C. Structural disorder. D. Flexible processing. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the new material? A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Favorable. D. Negative. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种能导电且性质稳定的新型塑料。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists of the University of Chicago have discovered a way to create a material that can be made like a plastic, but conducts electricity more like a metal. The research, published in Nature, shows how to make a kind of material in which the molecular (分子) pieces are disordered, but can still conduct electricity extremely well.(芝加哥大学的科学家们发现了一种方法，可以制造出一种像塑料一样的材料，但它的导电性更像金属。发表在《自然》杂志上的这项研究展示了如何制造一种分子碎片无序的材料，但仍能极好地导电)”并结合下文对这种材料的具体介绍以及专家的看法推知，第一段的目的是引出即将要介绍的对象。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This goes against all of the rules we know about conductivity — to a scientist, it’s kind of seeing a car driving on water and still going 70 mph. The finding could be extraordinarily useful; if you want to invent something revolutionary, the process often first starts with discovering a completely new material.(这违背了我们所知道的关于电导率的所有规则——对科学家来说，这就像看到一辆汽车在水上行驶，但仍然以每小时70英里的速度行驶。这一发现可能非常有用；如果你想发明一些革命性的东西，这个过程通常首先从发现一种全新的材料开始)”可推知，提到“在水上行驶的车辆”是为了说明这种材料的发明是极具创造力的。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But to the scientists, the most striking thing was that the molecular structure of the material was disordered.(但对科学家来说，最令人震惊的是这种材料的分子结构是无序的)”可知，最让科学家们感到震惊的是这种材料的分子结构是无序的。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“That is enormously helpful for a device that has to function in the real world.(这对于一个必须在现实世界中发挥作用的设备来说是非常有用的)”及第四段的“One of the material’s attractive characteristics is that it has new options for processing. For example, metals usually have to be melted in order to be made into the right shape for a chip or device, which limits what you can make with them, since other components of the device have to be able to withstand the heat needed to process these materials.(这种材料吸引人的特点之一是它有新的加工选择。例如，金属通常必须熔化才能制成芯片或设备的正确形状，这就限制了你能用它们制造的东西，因为设备的其他部件必须能够承受加工这些材料所需的热量)”和最后一段“The new material has no such limitation because it can be made at room temperatures. It can still be used where the need for a device or pieces of the device to withstand heat, acid or alkali, or a wet environment has previously limited engineers’ options to develop new technology.(这种新材料没有这样的限制，因为它可以在室温下制造。它仍然可以用于需要设备或设备部件耐高温，酸或碱或潮湿环境的地方，这以前限制了工程师开发新技术的选择)”可推知，作者对这种新材料持肯定态度。故选C。 D People experience emotional pain — often in the form of guilt (内疚) — when spending money. This is called the moral tax (道德税) or pain of payment. We can reduce this guilt by separating the enjoyment of a purchase (购买) from its payment. However, the best way to reduce moral tax is by receiving a gift—an item you don’t have to pay for at all! As a result, the best gifts are items that normally bring particularly high levels of moral tax. This may include goods that appear overpriced and therefore bring particularly bad feelings of guilt upon purchase. Curiously, it’s not about the actual amount of money spent. What matters most are the emotions brought by the gift (or the guilt taken away). Consider the following example as an explanation. For weeks, Anne has had her eye on a pair of designer shoes. They look incredibly stylish and go perfectly with her new winter coat. She’s got enough money to pay for the shoes but doesn’t think the purchase is necessary. After all, she already owns three other pairs of winter footwear. Still, Anne makes sure to mention the shoes to her husband Alex, and on Christmas morning she is overjoyed to open a large box containing the shoes. She is happy with the gift even though Alex bought it from their family bank account. Looking at it from an economic point of view, Anne’s happiness doesn’t make any sense. Since she shares a bank account with her husband, it doesn’t matter who buys the shoes. The loss of money is the same either way. How can Anne be happy with Alex making a purchase she previously thought unnecessary? It all comes down to moral tax. By making the payment on Anne’s behalf, Alex cuts her wife’s pain of payment. Anne gets to enjoy her precious shoes guilt-free. The experts suggest that the best gifts are things that people really want but refuse themselves to avoid feeling guilty. What are your partner’s secret wants and guilty pleasures? Unfortunately, that’s the one question you need to answer yourself. 12. What does the moral tax refer to in the text? A. The guilt of receiving an expensive gift. B. The problems caused by overspending. C. The feeling of satisfaction after making a purchase. D. The emotional pain coming from spending money. 13. Why does Anne refuse to buy the shoes herself? A. She has got a similar pair. B. She is influenced by the moral tax. C. She decides to put off satisfaction. D. She only wants to use her husband’s money. 14. What may an economist think of Anne’s excitement? A. Unreasonable. B. Unreal. C. Interesting. D. Expected. 15. What do the experts suggest about the best gifts? A. They should be practical and useful. B. They should be expensive to show appreciation. C. They should be items that people really want but avoid buying due to guilt. D. They should be items that don’t cost people too much but are meaningful. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们在花钱时会感受到的情感痛苦，即所谓的“道德税”，以及如何通过接受礼物来减少这种痛苦。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“People experience emotional pain — often in the form of guilt (内疚) — when spending money. This is called the moral tax (道德税) or pain of payment.(人们在花钱的时候会经历情感上的痛苦——通常表现为内疚。这就是所谓的道德税或支付之痛)”可知，道德税指的就是因为花钱造成的情感方面的痛苦感受。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“How can Anne be happy with Alex making a purchase she previously thought unnecessary? It all comes down to moral tax. By making the payment on Anne’s behalf, Alex cuts her wife’s pain of payment.(亚历克斯买了一件她以前认为不必要的东西，安妮怎么能开心呢?这一切都归结为道德税。通过替安妮付款，亚历克斯减轻了她妻子的付款痛苦)”可推测，安妮自己不买那双鞋是受道德税的影响。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Looking at it from an economic point of view, Anne’s happiness doesn’t make any sense. (从经济学的角度来看，安妮的开心没有任何意义)”可推测，一个经济学家会认为安妮的开心是没有道理的，夫妻俩谁买都是花了家里的钱，unreasonable和doesn’t make any sense.意思相近。故选A项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The experts suggest that the best gifts are things that people really want but refuse themselves to avoid feeling guilty.(专家建议，最好的礼物是人们真正想要的，但为了避免内疚而拒绝自己的东西)”可知，专家建议最好的礼物应该是对方特别想要但自己为避免花钱带来的内疚感而没买的东西。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone needs friendship to survive. How do we strengthen the existing friendships in our lives? Here some experts offer the following tips. Show your affection to your friends. We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships. ____16____. It’s about communicating love and appreciation. There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. ____17____. These simple acts show you genuinely care for them and let them know it’s safe to invest in your friendship. Be generous to your friends. Think about what your skills and talents are and find a way to turn them into a generous act. Sharing your time, attention or resources with them is an easy way to develop your friendships. People want to stay with friends who value them, and generosity is a way to express that. You can share acts of generosity with your friends. If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents. ____18____ ____19____ Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a trashy (无聊的) TV show and hear them respond“Me too!”We feel a deeper connection to our friends when our vulnerability (脆弱) is met with support. It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends. It may bring you closer. Face conflict bravely. ____20____.But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships. It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to make your relationship better. A. Share your struggles and joys. B. It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. C. And remind them you are grateful to know them. D. But it’s more than holding hands and kissing. E. It is more likely to build deep, long-lasting friendships. F. Start by telling your friends how much you value them. G. If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些专家关于加强现有友谊的建议。 【16题详解】 上文“We often think of affection as a sort of love in romantic relationships.(我们常常把感情想成是浪漫关系中的一种爱)”提出我们通常认为感情是浪漫关系中的爱，D选项“But it’s more than holding hands and kissing.(但它不仅仅是牵手和接吻)”与上文构成转折关系，指出感情远不止牵手和接吻那么简单，下文“It’s about communicating love and appreciation.(它是关于表达爱和欣赏)”进一步解释了感情的真正含义，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“Tell them how much they mean to you.(告诉他们他们对你有多重要)”建议要向朋友表达他们对自己的重要性，C选项“And remind them you are grateful to know them.(并提醒他们你很感激认识他们)”承接上文，进一步建议要提醒朋友自己很感激认识他们，这也是表达感情的一种方式，且“And”表明与上文为并列关系。故选C项。 【18题详解】 上文“If you’re great with kids, you might offer to babysit for your friends who are parents.(如果你很擅长和孩子打交道，你可以主动提出为你的那些身为父母的朋友照看孩子)”举例说明了如何通过自己的技能为朋友提供帮助，G选项“If you get a raise at work, treat your friends to a fancy dinner.(如果你在工作中加薪了，请你的朋友吃一顿丰盛的晚餐)”与上文结构相似，也是通过举例说明了如何通过分享自己的资源(如金钱)来加深友谊，且“If”条件状语从句结构与上文为并列关系。故选G项。 【19题详解】 下文“It means they accept us for who we really are, the good and the bad. So don’t be afraid to share your struggles with your friends.(这意味着他们接受真正的我们，无论是好的还是坏的。所以不要害怕和你的朋友分享你的困难)”建议我们不要害怕与朋友分享自己的挣扎，A选项“Share your struggles and joys.(分享你的困难和快乐)”概括了下文内容，作为段首句，引出下文关于分享的话题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 下文“But being able to deal with conflict with friends in a healthy, constructive way can strengthen your friendships.(但是，能够以健康、有建设性的方式处理与朋友之间的冲突可以加强你们的友谊)”指出能够以健康的方式处理与朋友之间的冲突可以加强友谊，B选项“It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships.(在友谊中处理冲突是很难的)”与下文构成转折关系，先指出处理友谊中的冲突很难，再提出解决办法，即下文所说的以健康的方式处理冲突。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Actor Anthony Anderson has realized a dream 30 years in the making. The 51-year-old ____21____ a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Howard University last week. “It was all a dream! Words fail to____22____ the feeling I’m having right now,” Anderson wrote on a social media platform. “My proudest moment is a sense of ____23____—finishing what I started many years ago.” Anderson finished his junior year at Howard 30 years ago. ____24____ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a____25____ from school. He worked hard to make a____26____. Later he started a family and his career ____27____. He played the starring roles in many films and became a____28____. The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school. It was something he always felt____29____ about — until his son, Nathan, gained ____30____ to Howard four years ago. That inspired his longing for university study, so he was____31____ to go back and finish his degree. “This spring I was____32____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,” Anderson said. He marked it as a____33____ by calling it “a full-circle moment” and ____34____ his fans, “It’s never too late. Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!” Anderson, now a father of two, plans to ____35____ his education and go to graduate school for a master’s degree. 21. A. received B. took C. deserved D. held 22. A. cause B. give C. describe D. hide 23. A. purpose B. identity C. completion D. belonging 24. A. In terms of B. With regard to C. By comparison with D. On account of 25. A. reward B. favor C. job D. break 26 A. fortune B. living C. promotion D. reputation 27. A. took off B. started over C. slowed down D. pulled up 28. A. hit B. leader C. singer D. director 29. A. confused B. upset C. anxious D. regretful 30. A. assistance B. admission C. invitation D. permission 31. A. willing B. cautious C. determined D. satisfied 32. A. eventually B. gradually C. obviously D. temporarily 33. A. bonus B. milestone C. dreamland D. wonder 34. A. warned B. taught C. commanded D. reminded 35. A. record B. acquire C. further D. finish 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了演员安东尼·安德森30年前因经济困难休学。四年前他的儿子被他曾经就读的大学录取，安德森受到触动后重返校园，在51岁时完成了学业。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位51岁的年轻人上周拿到了霍华德大学的美术学士学位。A. received拿到；B. took携带；C. deserved应得；D. held持有。根据下文“This spring I was ____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,”（今年春天，我终于完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作。）可知，此处表示安德森“拿到”了霍华德大学的美术学士学位。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：言语无法描述我现在的感觉。A. cause导致；B. give给；C. describe描述；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“It was all a dream!”（就好像是梦一样）以及语境可知，安德森非常激动，言语无法“描绘”现在的感受。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最自豪的时刻是一种完成感——完成多年前开始的工作。A. purpose目的；B. identity身份；C. completion完成；D. belonging归属感。根据下文“finshing what I started many years ago”（完成了我多年前开始的工作）可知，此处表示一种做完事情之后的“完成”感。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于经济困难，他不得不要求休学。A. In terms of就…而言；B. With regard to关于；C. By comparison with与…相比较；D. On account of由于。根据下文“some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____ from school.”（有一些经济上的困难，他不得不休学）可知，此处表示“由于”经济困难，安德森不得不休学。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于经济困难，他不得不要求休学。A. reward奖励；B. favor帮助；C. job工作；D. break中断，暂停。根据上文“some financial difficulties”以及下文（一些经济方面的困难）“The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school.”（接下来的几年间他也要工作，没办法回到学校）可知，由于经济困难，安德森不得不休学，“中断”学习。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他努力工作以维持生计。A.fortune财富；B. living生计；C. promotion晋升，谋生；D. reputation名誉。根据上文“He worked hard”（他工作得非常努力）并且由于经济上的困难可知，他努力工作，是为了维持“生计”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他组建了家庭，事业腾飞。A. took off腾飞；B. started over重新开始；C. slowed down减速；D. pulled up停止。根据下文“He played the starring roles in many films”（他在许多电影中扮演主角）可推知，安德森在电影里扮演主角，说明他取得了成功，他的事业“腾飞”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在许多电影中扮演主角，很受欢迎。A. hit很受欢迎的人或事物；B. leader领导者；C. singer歌手；D. director导演。根据上文“He played the starring roles in many films” （他在许多电影中扮演主角）可知，安德森很受欢迎，hit表示“很受欢迎的人或事物”，符合题意。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是他一直感到遗憾的事情，直到四年前他的儿子内森被霍华德大学录取。A. confused困惑的；B. upset心烦意乱的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据上文“ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____ from school.”（由于经济困难，他不得不要求休学）以及“The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school.”（接下来的几年间他也要工作，没办法回到学校）可知，因为经济原因，安德森不得不休学，之后一直没能重返校园，这是他一直感到“遗憾的”事情。故选D。 【30题详解】 查名词词义辨析。句意：这是他一直感到遗憾的事情，直到四年前他的儿子内森被霍华德大学录取。A. assistance协助；B. admission允许进入，录取；C. invitation邀请；D. permission准许，许可。根据下文“That inspired his longing for university study, so he was ____ to go back and finish his degree”（这激发了他对大学学习的渴望，所以他决心回去完成他的学位。）可知，安德森想要继续回学校学习是因为自己的儿子内森被霍华德大学“录取”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这激发了他对大学学习的渴望，所以他决心回去完成他的学位。A. willing愿意的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. determined有决心的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“to go back and finish his degree”（回到学校完整他的学位）以及“This spring I was ____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,”（安德森说:“今年春天，我终于完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作。”）可知，此处表示安德森“决心”回去完成自己的学位。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：安德森说:“今年春天，我终于完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作。”。A. eventually最终；B. gradually逐渐地；C. obviously明显地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University”（完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作）以及语境可知，安德森“终于”完成学业，从霍华德大学毕业了。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他称这是一个里程碑，称之为“一个完整的循环时刻”，并提醒他的粉丝，“永远不会太晚。事情会在应该发生的时候发生!”A. bonus奖金；B. milestone里程碑；C. dreamland梦境；D. wonder奇迹。根据上文“This spring I was ____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University”（安德森说:“今年春天，我终于完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作。”）以及下文“by calling it “a full-circle moment””（“一个完整的循环时刻”）可知，此处表示安德森将完成学业当作一个“里程碑”，圆了自己当时的求学梦。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他称这是一个里程碑，称之为“一个完整的循环时刻”，并提醒他的粉丝，“永远不会太晚。事情会在应该发生的时候发生!”A. warned警告；B. taught教；C. commanded命令；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“‘It’s never too late. Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!’”（永远不会太晚。事情会在应该发生的时候发生!）可知，安德森在“提醒”自己的粉丝，告诉他们永远不要给自己设限，要做自己想做的事情。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德森现在是两个孩子的父亲，他计划继续深造，去研究生院攻读硕士学位。A. record记录；B. acquire获得；C. further增进；D. finish完成。根据下文“go to graduate school for a master’s degree.”（去研究生院攻读硕士学位）可知，安德森要去研究生院攻读硕士学位，想要“增进（深造）”自己的教育。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dragon Head-raising Day is celebrated on the second day of the second Chinese lunar month ____36____(show) respect for the dragon and pray for good weather for farming and big harvest, ____37____ is considered as the start of spring and farming. Dragon Head-raising Day has relation with spring and farming. After the cold winter, spring comes and animals are ____38____ (wake) , but because of the winter, the weather is dry and farming lacks water. To this climate phenomenon, there is a folk saying that ____39____ will rain when the dragon raise its head. On that day, there ____40____(be) lots of conventional celebration activities. First, in the early morning, every family would light a lantern and go to a river or a well to fetch water and back home, then light ____41____(candle) , burn incense (香) sticks and offer a sacrifice. Second, people would go to a temple ____42____ honour of the dragon. Third, it is to have a haircut, which ____43____ (view) as a sign of good luck. A saying tells that having a haircut on this day, you would be energetic in the whole year. ____44____ (final) , there is a thing about eating: eating long and thin noodles _____45_____(call) Longxumian (Dragon Beard Noodles) which has a symbolic meaning-a long life expectancy. 【答案】36. to show 37. which 38. awake 39. it 40. are 41. candles 42. in 43. is viewed 44. Finally 45. called 【解析】 【导游】本文是说明文。文章介绍了龙抬头节，中国的农历二月二的风俗传统和庆祝方式。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，本空要用动词不定式to show作目的状语。故填to show。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的Dragon Head-raising Day，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：寒冷的冬天过后，春天来了，动物们醒了，但因为冬天，天气是干燥的，农业缺水。根据本空前的系动词are可知，此处应该填形容词，构成系表结构，动词wake表“醒来”，其同根形容词是awake“醒着的”。故填awake。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：对于这种气候现象，又一个民间谚语说龙抬起头就会下雨。根据句意，此处用it指代天气。故填it。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在那一天，有很多传统的庆祝活动。there be句型中的谓语动词单复数一般采用“就近原则”，与后面的名词保持人称和数的一致，后面的中心词是activities，所以要填复数形式，描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填are。 【41题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：首先，在清晨，每个家庭都会点燃灯笼，去河边或井里取水回家，然后点燃蜡烛，烧香，献祭。candle是可数名词，根据句意，句中指很多蜡烛，应用复数形式。故填candles。 【42题详解】 考查介词和固定短语。句意：第二，人们会去寺庙来纪念龙。in honour of是常见的介词短语，意为“向……表示敬意”。故填in。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：第三，要理发，这被视为好运的标志。根据本空前的is to have可知，此处要用一般现在时；关系代词which引导定语从句，指代主句中“have a haircut”这种行为，视为单数，与从句谓语动词view是被动关系，此处要用被动语态来表示“剃头被认为是好运的一个标志”，故填is viewed。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。本空要用副词finally，修饰整个句子作状语，意为“最后”，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。分析句子可知，call作定语修饰名词noodles，是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语noodles构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 请以The Person Who Influences Me Most为题，写一篇关于对你生命产生重大影响的人物的短文。这个人可以是你的家人、老师、导师或公众人物。描述他/她是如何影响你的，你欣赏他/她的哪些品质，他/她的言行如何塑造了你的观点或行为。 注意： 1．词数80左右; 2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Person Who Influences Me Most _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Person Who Influences Me Most Many people do have a great influence on me, but I think no one can be compared with my mother. Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions. It is my mother who teaches me to be curious, kind, optimistic and persistent. Working as a government official, she doesn’t appear to be extraordinary in any way, but just works faithfully and devotedly; at the same time, she never puts her family aside. Today, when I come across someone in need, I’m willing to give a helping hand within my ability; when I see something odd or unfamiliar, I am eager to find out what it is; when I encounter difficulties in life, I always have a positive attitude and constantly seek for approaches to addressing them. She is not only my mother, but also my life mentor. Indeed, she is just the person affecting me greatly. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放类写作，要求考生写一篇短文，描写生命产生重大影响的人物，描述他/她是如何影响你的，你欣赏他/她的哪些品质，他/她的言行如何塑造了你的观点或行为。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：influence→impact 乐观：optimistic→positive 坚持不懈的：persistent→untiring 此外：besides→additionally 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Indeed, she is just the person affecting me greatly. 拓展句：Indeed, she is just the person who affects me greatly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is my mother who teaches me to be curious, kind, optimistic and persistent.（运用了强调句型） 【高分句型2】Indeed, she is just the person affecting me greatly.（运用了现在分词作后置定语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 John and Nancy were left with their grandmother Linda after their mom was hospitalized for illness They were curious about when they could finally see their mom. “The hospital won’t allow her to leave until all of her medical bills are settled. I have given your mom all I could, but there’s still a large amount that we need to pay off,” Linda explained. John and Nancy missed their mom a lot and wanted her to come back home as soon as possible. “What if we put up a lemonade stand (摊位), John?” Nancy asked her older brother. “We can pick the lemons from the garden and make fresh juice out of them,” she suggested. Her brother smiled, “That’s a great idea, Nancy!” From then on, John and Nancy stayed outside the entire afternoon after school selling lemonade. A week went by, they only managed to earn ten dollars. On Saturday morning, they sat on the side of the yard, looking worried. After a couple of seconds, their silent pondering (沉思) was interrupted by loud police sirens. “Hey, fellas!” one of the policemen greeted. “My colleague Jacob said that his neighbor had a lemonade stand in front of their yard.” The two children nodded. “I’m sorry, officer. But I didn’t think there would be anything wrong with that. Besides, we didn’t earn a lot,” John tried to explain. “Don’t worry. You’re not in trouble. I bought a cup of it from you two the other day, remember? I asked why you were selling lemonade, and you told me it was to raise funds to get your mom out of the hospital,” Jacob interrupted upon seeing John and Nancy looked nervous. “I told my friends over here, and we decided we wanted to help. Come to the back of the police car, and we have something to show you,” Jacob told the kids. They slowly made their way to the back of one of the police cars and saw a nicely-painted wooden lemonade stand. “That’s beautiful!” Nancy said in surprise. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “There’s a big food festival downtown today, and we got you a stand.” Jacob said. “Why not go there and give it a shot?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ There was a large crowd eager to buy lemonade. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“There’s a big food festival downtown today, and we got you a stand.” Jacob said. “Why not go there and give it a shot?” He continued to ask the kids, who could barely contain their excitement and jumped up with wide joy. “Yes, officers!” they exclaimed, a big smile broadening from ear to ear. It was not long before all the lemonade was gathered. The officers soon set up the lemonade stand and uploaded a post introducing their experience, which went viral and caused quite a stir in the neighbourhood. Grandma and the two kids were surprised to see their stand packed solid with people attracted by lemonade. There was a large crowd eager to buy lemonade. By the end of that day, the children were surprised to see the money raised. They also received loads of cards with warm and encouraging words. Grandma took the cards with trembling hands, cradling them in arms with tears brimming in her eyes. As soon as their mom was discharged from the hospital, they visited the police station and thanked the officers for their generosity and kindness. John and Nancy hugged Jacob tightly, knowing that they would never forget what they had been through and would cherish the love for good. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了John和Nancy为了帮妈妈还医疗费，开了一个柠檬汽水摊，但是挣钱很少，一天一辆警车开过来，原来警察Jacob知道他们的事情，决定帮助他们。警察帮助他们搭建了摊位，并帮助宣传，他们筹集到给妈妈治病的钱，治好了妈妈的病，并去感谢警察的帮助和善良。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Jacob说：‘今天市中心有一个盛大的美食节，我们为你安排了一个摊位。’‘为什么不去那里试一试呢？’”可知，第一段可描写警察们帮他们搭建了柠檬水摊，并帮助他们宣传他们的经历，他们的摊位上挤满了被柠檬水吸引的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“有一大群人急于买柠檬水。”可知，第二段可描写他们筹集到足够的钱，帮妈妈还医疗费，他们的母亲一出院，他们就去了警察局，感谢警察的帮助和善良。 2.续写线索：搭建摊位——上传帖子——宣传他们的经历——帖子疯传——摊位挤满了人——筹集到钱和卡片——帮妈妈还医疗费——感谢警察的帮助 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①喊叫：exclaim/shout/yell ②聚集：gather/collect/assemble ③珍惜：cherish/treasure 情绪类 ①带着极大的喜悦：with wide joy/be very pleased/with heartfelt delight ②吃惊的：surprised/astonished/amazed 【点睛】[高分句型1]. The officers soon set up the lemonade stand and uploaded a post introducing their experience, which went viral and caused quite a stir in the neighbourhood. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. John and Nancy hugged Jacob tightly, knowing that they would never forget what they had been through and would cherish the love for good.(运用了现在分词作状语，that引导的宾语从句和what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $