专题01 名词、数词（练习）-【上好课】2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练测（北京专专用）

专题01 名词、数词(练习) 目录 1、 基础模拟练 01 名词 02数词 2、 重难题型强化练 01 语法填空 02完形填空 一、基础模拟练 01名词 1．（24-25高三上•云南•开学考试）It is one of our after-school (program). 2．（2024高三•全国•专题练习）A growing number of (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. 3．（24-25高三上•江苏常州•开学考试）College (graduate), for example, are particularly interested in driver less cars compared with those who have less education. 4．（24-25高三上•江苏常州•开学考试）The band played all my old (favorite). 5．（24-25高三上•江苏徐州•开学考试）Since painting inside a bottle is a completely opposite process compared to ordinary painting, it requires absolute (precise) from the artist. 6．（24-25高三上•江苏徐州•开学考试） (curious) killed the cat. 7．（2024高三上•全国•专题练习）Of all (possess) a friend is the most precious. 8．（2024高三上•全国•专题练习）On (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him. 9．（2024高三•北京•专题练习）During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise_________(appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman. 10．（2021高三上•全国•专题练习）Now, lots of (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 02 数词 1． (million) of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. 2．When the explorers (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 3．Though in her (seventy), she still worked 8 hours a day in the pet shop. 4．In the summer holiday following my (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 5．This hill is four times the (high) of that small one. 6．Women now represent 50 (percentage)of the workforce. 7．If it is not turned in by the (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero. 8．Students will work in groups to complete (fourth) assignments (作业) during the course. 9．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs，seven to be exact. 10． It’s said that the power plant is now twice (large) than what it was. （所给词的适当形式填空） 二、重难题型强化练（标注题号为本专题练习） 01语法填空 （2024·北京西城·二模）In 2022, to preserve China’s wetlands, a law 1 (introduce) to restrict construction and prohibit harmful 2 (activity) such as overgrazing, overharvesting, and wastewater discharge in important national wetlands. Since the implementation (实施) of these measures, there 3 (be) an increase in the number of birds observed wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In February, the forestry bureau in Hunan province reported 72 species of waterbirds that spent the previous winter at Dongting Lake. Black-faced spoonbills, 4 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dongting after a five-year absence. （2023·北京·三模）The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 5 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 6 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 7 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. （2024·北京延庆·一模）When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast, Oksana Chusovitina, 8 (participate) in the Asiad women’s gymnastics qualification on Monday, thousands of spectators chanted for “Qiu Ma,” 9 translates to “Mother Chusovitina”. When her son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she adopted German citizenship to compete at global events for a higher income and 10 (good) medical treatment. Aften her son’s 11 (recover), Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey out of sheer love for the sport． （2024·北京·一模）Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different 12 (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, 13 (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe 14 (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used. （2024·北京朝阳·一模）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, 15 job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. Zhao reproduces each element described in papers on the history of life in an artistic way, and the 16 (blank) in scientific research are filled by his logic and imagination. His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career 17 a science artist. （2024·北京房山·一模）Humankind’s growing need for food is running up against thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square 18 (kilometer) of land for agriculture. 19 (transform) these largely natural habitats would squeeze more than 17,000 vertebrate species from some of their lands. But changing how and where food 20 (grow) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet without messing it up too badly,” says conservation scientist David Williams. （2024·北京丰台·二模）Before some of the greatest explorers in history were born, Vikings had already navigated (航海) their way around the world. But with no 21 (compass), satellites or radios, how did they manage 22 (map) the globe so impressively? The answer is 23 (simple) than you might expect — experience. Viking travelers studied the positions of the stars and the sun. Even the colour of the sea and movement of the waves would give them an 24 (indicate) of how close they were to land. 02完形填空 （2024·北京东城·二模）Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying 1 when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to 2 her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the 3 and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried to 5 Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s 6 and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained. This little boy spent an hour 7 his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for 8 . From there, Jacksonville authorities 9 and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and 10 little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 1．A．hit B．turn C．pause D．risk 2．A．release B．find C．escape D．regain 3．A．fish B．jacket C．boat D．current 4．A．unusually B．suddenly C．instantly D．unexpectedly 5．A．relate to B．wait for C．count on D．stick with 6．A．explanation B．footsteps C．example D．instructions 7．A．clearing B．fighting C．picking D．changing 8．A．security B．understanding C．permission D．help 9．A．cut in B．looked out C．took over D．came around 10．A．tough B．humble C．hard-working D．confident （2024·北京通州·二模）Samuel worked in the town’s bookstore. His life had been predictable and boring. But one sunny morning, the bookstore owner 11 that the shop would be closing for good. Samuel’s heart sank, and he found himself facing an 12 future. Yet a ray of hope emerged — an opportunity to start anew. Nothing ventured, nothing gained, he thought, 13 the courage to break new ground. With a newfound determination, Samuel decided to go after his dream of becoming a 14 . With pen in hand and a blank page before him, Samuel poured his soul out onto the paper. He 15 tales of adventure, love and self-discovery. As he wrote, he gave life to the characters that danced across the page. 16 , an unexpected opportunity presented itself. A local publishing house, charmed by Samuel’s stories, offered him a 17 to share his work. He took a leap of faith and said yes! “Out with the old and in with the new” became Samuel’s pet phrase. The once-shy clerk 18 a confident author. His books found their way into the hands of readers near and far, touching hearts and igniting (点燃) passions. Samuel’s 19 didn’t come without challenges, but he remembered the saying, “When one door closes, another opens.” Each closed door became an opportunity for growth and a stepping stone to even greater achievements. With each book he composed, he turned over a new leaf. His journey reminded everyone that starting anew was not just surrendering(屈服)to the unknown. It was an invitation to 20 a life filled with purpose and fulfillment. 11．A．permitted B．complained C．admitted D．announced 12．A．unusual B．uncertain C．impossible D．unrealistic 13．A．gathering B．lacking C．admiring D．recalling 14．A．clerk B．painter C．novelist D．publisher 15．A．penned B．heard C．provided D．concluded 16．A．Frequently B．Eventually C．Obviously D．Normally 17．A．chance B．solution C．condition D．right 18．A．depended on B．knew about C．learned from D．transformed into 19．A．exploration B．curiosity C．success D．dignity 20．A．change B．repeat C．create D．evaluate （2024·北京大兴·模拟预测）I’ve been paralyzed (瘫痪的) since childhood and I started using a wheelchair in first grade. So I’ve had 30 years to learn just how 21 I am and just how often people assume I’m helpless. As a culture, Americans are 22 that disability is something they’ve figured out. Disability doesn’t define anyone; try to be 23 ; and the rule that guides them all: be kind. Well, here’s the 24 : we look through the eyes of nondisabled people so regularly that we 25 to ask even one of the many questions hovering (停留) around the disabled recipients of “help”. Did you want anyone’s help? Was it 26 helpful? “So how am I supposed to be helpful?” you might be asking. You have to 27 the person in front of you. What signals are they giving you? What expression do you see on their face? If you really can’t 28 , you can ask, but if someone says, “No thank you,” listen. Like anyone else, disabled people are both capable and in need of some help. If you want to be genuinely, actively “ 29 ” to disabled people, invite them into your organizations, businesses and programs. Include disabled engineers and comedians and lawyers and teachers in your world. This kind of 30 is a kindness for all of us, because listening to voices that are typically silenced brings to the table creativity, innovation and power. 21．A．capable B．desperate C．friendly D．responsible 22．A．promised B．convinced C．trusted D．questioned 23．A．brave B．honest C．helpful D．grateful 24．A．test B．change C．reason D．problem 25．A．forget B．refuse C．continue D．pretend 26．A．still B．also C．even D．already 27．A．believe in B．catch up with C．smile at D．pay attention to 28．A．tell B．answer C．lie D．focus 29．A．kind B．useful C．faithful D．polite 30．A．guidance B．profession C．performance D．inclusion （2024·北京海淀·一模）It was 4:30 pm. As I was packing up, I noticed my colleague had left his laptop bag in the office. So I decided to bring it to him. It took me about 15 minutes to get to his house, where I 31 the bag and got right back on the road. Suddenly a snowstorm came and within minutes I was in a whiteout. I stopped because I was afraid of driving into a farmer’s field, or worse. I kept the car 32 to stay warm and called 911.They told me to sit tight and wait things out for the night. Those seconds after the call were 33 . Breathe, I told myself. Panicking won’t help. I texted my colleague, joking about my good deed ending in 34 . He suggested I share a satellite view of my 35 on my social media. And I did so, praying that anyone who knew the residents of the nearby farms could get me rescued. Waiting in the car, I doubted whether 36 would be able to come. Soon enough, though, I got a message from someone who was going to put me in touch with them. At 8 pm, I saw a tall figure in a yellow raincoat striding toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight. I’d never been more 37 to see someone in my life. It was André Bouvier, who’d walked about 550 yards to come get me, fighting the wind and snow each step of the way. He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the direction. I drove behind him, feeling my heart begin to beat more 38 . When we reached his house, I burst into tears, all my fears turning into relief and 39 . The experience has been a game changer for me. I now 40 challenges with a sense of calm I’d not known before. But best of all, it brought André into my life. 31．A．dropped off B．filled up C．set aside D．put away 32．A．locked B．parked C．signaling D．running 33．A．painful B．critical C．disappointing D．impressive 34．A．failure B．smoke C．disaster D．mystery 35．A．route B．location C．direction D．destination 36．A．news B．help C．hope D．faith 37．A．satisfied B．surprised C．relieved D．worried 38．A．slowly B．excitedly C．nervously D．strongly 39．A．recognition B．admiration C．satisfaction D．appreciation 40．A．identify B．present C．approach D．anticipate （2024·北京丰台·二模）During the first weeks of his retirement from the fire service, Max had felt lost. And that’s when Polly, a library manager, helped him sign up as a 41 , for Robot Club in the library. Max hadn’t volunteered before and he didn’t know anything about 42 . He opened the packs containing the robots, nervously staring at the mess of parts. A dozen primary-age children gathered around the table, 43 eagerly. Almost double the number of adults crowded around them, watching. Glancing around the library at the many parents and carers accompanying the robot builders, Max knew he had to face this 44 . “Okay, team,” he started 45 , adopting the tone he’d used to brief his unit during his firefighting days. “We’re going to build these robots one step at a time.” The children nodded, their hands busy with screws and plastic limbs. Max wandered from table to table, 46 words of encouragement, and slowly but surely, piecing together the instructions in his mind. An hour passed, and the room was filled with the sound of chatter and clinking parts. As the final minutes of Robot Club ticked away, Max stood back and 47 the room. Robots of all shapes and sizes stood on the tables. The children were excited, 48 their creations to anyone who would look. As they began to leave, many children stopped to thank Max. Each “thank you” and “see you next week” chipped away at the sense of 49 he had felt since retiring. He hadn’t put out a fire today, but perhaps he had lighted something far more important — a new 50 for himself. 41．A．volunteer B．writer C．builder D．fireman 42．A．books B．programs C．children D．robots 43．A．searching B．waiting C．reading D．arguing 44．A．competition B．consequence C．challenge D．conflict 45．A．calmly B．coldly C．casually D．weakly 46．A．processing B．offering C．exchanging D．understanding 47．A．surveyed B．cleaned C．decorated D．left 48．A．bringing up B．calling on C．showing off D．giving away 49．A．freedom B．relief C．loss D．guilt 50．A．version B．belief C．approach D．purpose （2024·北京朝阳·一模）It was hard not to notice an 8-year-old kid storming in and out of his own house. “He doesn’t have a father,” said his neighbor, William Dunn. “I can probably do something for him.” That something was fishing, a 51 Dunn’s father had shared with him. “It brought me peace and taught me how to be patient,” he said. He then took the kid fishing every weekend. Gradually he took groups of kids out to fish. Most didn’t have father figures. “They’d been through a lot, and their lives were 52 ,” said Dunn. “But when they were fishing, all of that disappeared. On the boat, they’d be laughing and making new friends. They just 53 the moment.” 54 by this scene, Dunn started the nonprofit Take a Kid Fishing. He and the volunteers have introduced 2,500 kids — most without fathers 55 — to the calming peace found on the water and the excitement of catching a fish. Just as important as the fishing are the 56 Dunn forms with those kids. When they have a rough time, Dunn will talk with them, emphasizing self-respect and mental 57 . One of the kids, Bella Smith, said she would forget about the past while fishing and concentrate on something positive. “Fishing is learning,” she said. “I’ve learned I 58 a better life than what I had. Whenever I feel down, I know it’s time to go fishing.” Dunn’s father passed away this year, so fishing has 59 new meaning for him. “I have a stronger liking for it because now I’m fatherless too. There’s nothing like feeling that first pull on the line and seeing a kid light up with a smile,” said Dunn. “I feel 60 to witness that every weekend.” 51．A．case B．passion C．duty D．goal 52．A．difficult B．dramatic C．adventurous D．boring 53．A．remembered B．regretted C．recorded D．appreciated 54．A．Entertained B．Shocked C．Inspired D．Confused 55．A．nearby B．around C．ahead D．throughout 56．A．identities B．agreements C．relationships D．opinions 57．A．toughness B．dependence C．sharpness D．defense 58．A．require B．deserve C．lead D．secure 59．A．left behind B．turned into C．carried out D．taken on 60．A．curious B．nervous C．lucky D．hesitant 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 名词、数词(练习) 目录 1、 基础模拟练 01 名词 02数词 2、 重难题型强化练 01 语法填空 02完形填空 一、基础模拟练 01名词 1．（24-25高三上•云南•开学考试）It is one of our after-school (program). 【答案】programs 【难度】0.85 【知识点】program、名词作宾语、可数名词复数规则变化 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是我们的课后项目之一。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，program意为“项目”，为可数名词，根据one of可知，用复数形式。故填programs。 2．（2024高三•全国•专题练习）A growing number of (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. 【答案】educators 【难度】0.85 【知识点】educator、可数名词复数规则变化 【详解】考查名词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。空处用于介词of之后，应填名词形式作宾语，需要的词义为“教育工作者”，即educator，是可数名词，前有a growing number of 修饰，则educator需要使用复数形式，故填educators。 3．（24-25高三上•江苏常州•开学考试）College (graduate), for example, are particularly interested in driver less cars compared with those who have less education. 【答案】graduates 【难度】0.85 【知识点】graduate、可数名词复数规则变化 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：例如，与受教育程度较低的人相比，大学毕业生对无人驾驶汽车特别感兴趣。根据后文are可知应用复数形式，作主语。故填graduates。 4．（24-25高三上•江苏常州•开学考试）The band played all my old (favorite). 【答案】favorites 【难度】0.85 【知识点】favorite、名词作宾语、可数名词复数规则变化 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：乐队演奏了所有我最喜欢的老歌。空处作宾语，favorite为可数名词，结合句意和空前的“all my old”可知，空处应填名词复数形式作宾语，故填favorites。 5．（24-25高三上•江苏徐州•开学考试）Since painting inside a bottle is a completely opposite process compared to ordinary painting, it requires absolute (precise) from the artist. 【答案】precision 【难度】0.65 【知识点】名词作宾语 【详解】考查名词。句意：因为在瓶子里作画与普通绘画是完全相反的过程，所以需要艺术家绝对的精确度。由空前absolute为形容词可知，此处为名词形式作宾语成分，precise的名词为precision意为“精确度”，且为不可数名词。故填precision。 6．（24-25高三上•江苏徐州•开学考试） (curious) killed the cat. 【答案】Curiosity 【难度】0.65 【知识点】curiosity、名词作主语 【详解】考查名词。句意：好奇害死猫。空格处是句子的主语，应用名词形式，curious的名词为curiority意为“好奇心”，curiosity作名词时，是不可数名词，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Curiosity。 7．（2024高三上•全国•专题练习）Of all (possess) a friend is the most precious. 【答案】possessions 【难度】0.65 【知识点】名词作宾语 【详解】考查名词。句意：在所有财产中，朋友是最珍贵的。本空用名词possession“个人财产，私人物品”，常用复数形式，作of的宾语。故填possessions。 8．（2024高三上•全国•专题练习）On (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him. 【答案】arriving/arrival 【难度】0.65 【知识点】arrival、arrive、动名词作宾语、名词作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着接他。介词On后可用动名词arriving或名词arrival作宾语，表示“一……”。故填arriving/arrival。 9．（2024高三•北京•专题练习）During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise_________(appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman. 【答案】appearance 【难度】0.65 【知识点】appearance、名词作主语 【详解】考查名词。句意：在2022年卡塔尔世界杯的开幕式上，好莱坞演员摩根•弗里曼 (Morgan Freeman) 惊奇现身。不定冠词修饰单数名词，故填appearance。 10．（2021高三上•全国•专题练习）Now, lots of (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 【答案】countries 【难度】0.65 【知识点】可数名词的单复数 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这类袋子，以阻止人们使用它们。设空处前为lots of（许多），country为可数名词，设空处后应为名词复数，故答案为countries。 02 数词 1． (million) of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. 【答案】Millions 【难度】0.65 【知识点】million、基数词 【详解】考查数词。句意：数以百万计的水鸟被市场猎人和少数野心勃勃的运动员杀死。millions of数以百万计的。根据句意，故填Millions。 2．When the explorers (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 【答案】first 【难度】0.65 【知识点】序数词 【详解】考查数词。句意：当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。分析句子，设空处表示“第一次”应用序数词。one的序数词为first。故填first。 3．Though in her (seventy), she still worked 8 hours a day in the pet shop. 【答案】seventies 【难度】0.65 【知识点】基数词 【详解】考查数词。句意：尽管她已经70多岁了，她仍然在宠物店每天工作8个小时。in one's +数词复数，表示“在某人多大年龄”。故将seventy改为seventies。 4．In the summer holiday following my (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 【答案】eighteenth 【难度】0.65 【知识点】序数词、eighteenth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：在我18岁生日后的暑假里，我上了驾驶课。根据句意可知，此处表示顺序，即第18个生日，故应用序数词。故填eighteenth。 5．This hill is four times the (high) of that small one. 【答案】height 【难度】0.65 【知识点】倍数表达法、height 【详解】考查名词。句意：这座山是那座小山的四倍高。“倍数+the height of”意为“是……的……倍高”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用名词height表示“高度”。故填height。 6．Women now represent 50 (percentage)of the workforce. 【答案】percent 【难度】0.65 【知识点】分数、小数和百分数、percent 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在妇女代表了50%的劳动力。数字+percent of+名词/代词为固定搭配，意为“百分之……”，空格处作定语，用名词形式，结合句意“百分比”应填percent。故填percent。 7．If it is not turned in by the (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero. 【答案】second 【难度】0.65 【知识点】序数词 【详解】考查序数词。句意：如果在截止日期后的第二天还没有交，就会得零分。结合空气定冠词the，此处表示“第二天”用序数词。two的序数词为second。故填second。 8．Students will work in groups to complete (fourth) assignments (作业) during the course. 【答案】four 【难度】0.65 【知识点】基数词 【详解】考查数词。句意：在课程中，学生将分组完成四项作业。此处表示“四项作业”应该使用的是基数词。fourth为序数词，意为“第四”，基数词为four。故填four。 9．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs，seven to be exact. 【答案】of 【难度】0.65 【知识点】与数量有关的名词、代词和限定词、of 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们首先看到了一群狂吠的狗，准确来说是7只。根据句意可知，此处是短语a pack of“一群”，故填of。 10．It’s said that the power plant is now twice (large) than what it was. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】larger 【难度】0.65 【知识点】large、形容词的比较级、倍数表达法 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：据说这个电厂现在是过去的两倍大。此处是倍数表达法“倍数词+形容词比较级+than…”，故填larger。 3、 重难题型强化练（标注题号为本专题练习） 01语法填空 （2024·北京西城·二模）In 2022, to preserve China’s wetlands, a law 1 (introduce) to restrict construction and prohibit harmful 2 (activity) such as overgrazing, overharvesting, and wastewater discharge in important national wetlands. Since the implementation (实施) of these measures, there 3 (be) an increase in the number of birds observed wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In February, the forestry bureau in Hunan province reported 72 species of waterbirds that spent the previous winter at Dongting Lake. Black-faced spoonbills, 4 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dongting after a five-year absence. 【答案】1．was introduced 2．activities 3．has been 4．a 【难度】0.85 【知识点】法律法治、动物 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了中国湿地保护的立法措施及其对湿地鸟类保护带来的积极影响。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：2022年，为了保护湿地，中国出台了一项法律，限制在国家重要湿地建设，禁止过度放牧、过度采伐、排放废水等有害活动。根据“In 2022”可知，用一般过去时态，“a law”为单数意义并承受谓语动词introduce的动作，则此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was introduced。 2．考查名词复数。句意：2022年，为了保护湿地，中国出台了一项法律，限制在国家重要湿地建设，禁止过度放牧、过度采伐、排放废水等有害活动。activity是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数表示“泛指”，故填activities。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自实施这些措施以来，在全国湿地越冬的鸟类数量有所增加。根据状语“Since the implementation of these measures”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语“an increase”为单数意义，故填has been。 4．考查冠词。句意：罕见的濒危物种黑脸琵鹭时隔5年再次出现在洞庭。此处species为可数名词单数形式，指“黑脸琵鹭”这一物种，应该用不定冠词，rare是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。 （2023·北京·三模）The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 5 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 6 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 7 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. 【答案】5．competition 6．have identified 7．prevents 【难度】0.85 【知识点】环境保护、动物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。 5．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词competition，意为“竞争”。故填competition。 6．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。 7．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。 （2024·北京延庆·一模）When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast, Oksana Chusovitina, 8 (participate) in the Asiad women’s gymnastics qualification on Monday, thousands of spectators chanted for “Qiu Ma,” 9 translates to “Mother Chusovitina”. When her son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she adopted German citizenship to compete at global events for a higher income and 10 (good) medical treatment. Aften her son’s 11 (recover), Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey out of sheer love for the sport． 【答案】8．participated 9．which 10．better 11．recovery 【难度】0.85 【知识点】体育名人 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚运会女子体操资格赛的故事，她被称为“丘妈”。她曾为给儿子治病改德国国籍，儿子康复后她继续体操生涯。 8．考查时态。句意：本周一，当48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚洲女子体操资格赛时，数千名观众高呼“丘妈”，意为“丘索维金娜妈妈”。根据时间状语“on Monday”和下文的chanted可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填 participated。 9．考查定语从句。句意：本周一，当48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚洲女子体操资格赛时，数千名观众高呼“丘妈”，意为“丘索维金娜妈妈”。先行词为“Qiu Ma”，指物，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填 which。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：2002年，当她的儿子被诊断出患有白血病时，她加入了德国国籍，以便参加国际赛事，以获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务。根据空格前的“higher income”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，表示“更好的医疗治疗”。故填better。 11．考查名词。句意：在儿子康复后，出于对这项运动的热爱，丘索维金娜继续了她的体操之旅。根据空格前的名词所有格“her son’s”可知，此处应用名词形式作宾语，表示“康复”。故填 recovery。 （2024·北京·一模）Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different 12 (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, 13 (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe 14 (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used. 【答案】12．countries 13．named 14．has changed/changes 【难度】0.85 【知识点】食物与饮料 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆，但为了适应当地人的口味，有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。 12．考查名词的数。句意：中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色，在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。country“国家”是可数名词，被different修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填countries。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡，是美国人喜欢吃的，因为它是甜的，油炸的。分析可知，空处为名词General Tso’s chicken的后置定语，故name应用非谓语动词形式；General Tso’s  chicken和name...after“以……命名”之间为被动关系，name应用过去分词。故填named。 14．考查时态。句意：显然，为了适应不同地区的口味，食谱会发生很大的变化，这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词；此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，也可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the recipe是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。 （2024·北京朝阳·一模）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, 15 job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. Zhao reproduces each element described in papers on the history of life in an artistic way, and the 16 (blank) in scientific research are filled by his logic and imagination. His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career 17 a science artist. 【答案】15．whose 16．blanks 17．as 【难度】0.85 【知识点】艺术家 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了科学艺术家赵闯的工作内容和他的艺术作品。 15．考查定语从句。句意：赵闯是一名在北京工作的科学艺术家，他的工作是通过绘画和雕塑古代灭绝物种来连接科学和艺术。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a science artist，作从句中job的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 16．考查名词。句意：他以艺术的方式再现了生命史论文中所描述的每一个元素，科学研究中的空白也被他的逻辑和想象所填补。分析句子可知，and连接两个并列的句子，空处作后一个句子的主语，结合are可知，此处主语为复数。故填blanks。 17．考查介词。句意：2006年，他的一幅史前飞行动物的画作成为重要科学杂志《自然》的封面，这是他作为科学艺术家生涯中的一个亮点。分析句子可知，science artist为名词词组，空处缺少介词，表示“作为”用as。故填as。 （2024·北京房山·一模）Humankind’s growing need for food is running up against thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square 18 (kilometer) of land for agriculture. 19 (transform) these largely natural habitats would squeeze more than 17,000 vertebrate species from some of their lands. But changing how and where food 20 (grow) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet without messing it up too badly,” says conservation scientist David Williams. 【答案】18．kilometers 19．Transforming/To transform 20．is grown 【难度】0.85 【知识点】社会问题与社会现象、人与动植物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人类对食物日益增长的需求与成千上万的其他物种对空间的需求发生了冲突。 18．考查名词的复数。句意：到2050年，人类可能需要额外清理335万平方公里的农业用地。由3.35 million可知，可数名词kilometer用复数形式，故填kilometers。 19．考查动名词和不定式。句意：改变这些主要是自然栖息地，将从它们的一些土地上挤出超过17000种脊椎动物。空格处用动名词和不定式作主语，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Transforming/To transform。 20．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：但改变食物的种植方式和地点可以将影响降到最低。从句主语food和谓语动词grow是被动关系，食物是被种植，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语food是不可数名词，因此空格处是is grown。故填is grown。 （2024·北京丰台·二模）Before some of the greatest explorers in history were born, Vikings had already navigated (航海) their way around the world. But with no 21 (compass), satellites or radios, how did they manage 22 (map) the globe so impressively? The answer is 23 (simple) than you might expect — experience. Viking travelers studied the positions of the stars and the sun. Even the colour of the sea and movement of the waves would give them an 24 (indicate) of how close they were to land. 【答案】21．compasses 22．to map 23．simpler 24．indicator/indication 【难度】0.85 【知识点】历史知识 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对维京人是如何在没有指南针、卫星或无线电的情况下绘制出如此令人印象深刻的全球地图的进行了介绍。 21．考查可数名词的单复数。句意：但在没有指南针、卫星或无线电的情况下，他们是如何绘制出如此令人印象深刻的全球地图的呢？compass意为“指南针”，为可数名词，根据“satellites or radios”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填compasses。 22．考查动词不定式。句意：但在没有指南针、卫星或无线电的情况下，他们是如何绘制出如此令人印象深刻的全球地图的呢？manage to do意为“成功做某事”，此处应用to do不定式。故填to map。 23．考查比较级。句意：答案比你想象的要简单——经验。形容词simple意为“简单的”，根据“than you might expect”可知，此处应用比较级。故选simpler。 24．考查名词。句意：甚至海洋的颜色和波浪的运动也能告诉他们离陆地有多近。根据“of how close they were to land”可知，此处作宾语应用名词indication或indicator表示“指示，标示”，不定冠词an表明用单数，故填indicator/indication。 02完形填空 （2024·北京东城·二模）Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying 1 when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to 2 her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the 3 and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried to 5 Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s 6 and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained. This little boy spent an hour 7 his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for 8 . From there, Jacksonville authorities 9 and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and 10 little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 1．A．hit B．turn C．pause D．risk 2．A．release B．find C．escape D．regain 3．A．fish B．jacket C．boat D．current 4．A．unusually B．suddenly C．instantly D．unexpectedly 5．A．relate to B．wait for C．count on D．stick with 6．A．explanation B．footsteps C．example D．instructions 7．A．clearing B．fighting C．picking D．changing 8．A．security B．understanding C．permission D．help 9．A．cut in B．looked out C．took over D．came around 10．A．tough B．humble C．hard-working D．confident 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】安全与救护、记叙文、家人和亲人 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Steven带儿女出海钓鱼，结果遇到了激流，女儿Mia不慎掉入水中，儿子Alex勇敢地去营救妹妹，最终两人成功获救的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在眨眼之间，情况发生了可怕的转折，一股强流突然袭来，导致 Mia松开了抓住船的手。A. hit击中；B. turn转折；C. pause暂停；D. risk风险。根据下文“a strong current suddenly swept through”可知，情况发生了突然的变化，糟糕的事发生了，故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. release放开；B. find找到；C. escape逃脱；D. regain重新获得。根据下文“But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.(但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Mia松开了抓住船的手，被水流冲走了，故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也放开了船，向他的妹妹游去。A. fish鱼；B. jacket夹克；C. boat船；D. current水流。根据上文“While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.(米娅穿着救生衣，亚历克斯没有。但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Alex放开了船，去救他的妹妹，故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险，Steven立即跳入水中，试图帮助他的孩子。A. unusually不同寻常地；B. suddenly突然地；C. instantly立即地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“jumped into the water and tried to help his kids”可知，情况紧急，Steven立即跳入水中试图帮助他的孩子，故选C。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我尽可能长时间地和Mia在一起。A. relate to与……有关；B. wait for等待；C. count on依靠；D. stick with坚持。根据下文“as long as I could”可知，Steven一直在尽力坚持救Mia，故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alex听从了他父亲的指示，向岸边游去。A. explanation解释；B. footsteps脚步；C. example例子；D. instructions指示。根据上文“So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia.(所以他叫亚历克斯游到岸边，他去救米娅)”可知，Alex听从了父亲的指示，故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩花了一个小时才回到岸上。A. clearing清除；B. fighting战斗；C. picking挑选；D. changing改变。根据上文“The current was going the opposite way(水流的方向正好相反)”以及下文“He swam more than a mile.(他游了一英里多)”可知，小男逆流孩游了一英里多才回到岸上，这是一场艰难的斗争，故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦他终于上岸，男孩跑到他能找到的第一所房子，请求帮助。A. security安全；B. understanding理解；C. permission许可；D. help帮助。根据下文“From there, Jacksonville authorities”和“rescued Steven and his daughter”可知，小男孩向杰克逊维尔当局请求帮助，去救爸爸和妹妹，故选D。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那里，杰克逊维尔当局接管并救出了Steven和他的女儿。A. cut in插嘴；B. looked out注意；C. took over接管；D. came around苏醒。根据下文“and rescued Steven and his daughter”可推理出，杰克逊维尔当局接管了救援工作，故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alex，这个勇敢而坚强的小男孩救了他的妹妹和爸爸。A. tough坚强的；B. humble谦虚的；C. hard-working勤奋的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“This little boy spent an hour… his way back to land. He swam more than a mile.”可知，小男孩花了一个小时游了一英里终于返回到陆地，可推理出Alex是一个坚强的小男孩，故选A。 （2024·北京通州·二模）Samuel worked in the town’s bookstore. His life had been predictable and boring. But one sunny morning, the bookstore owner 11 that the shop would be closing for good. Samuel’s heart sank, and he found himself facing an 12 future. Yet a ray of hope emerged — an opportunity to start anew. Nothing ventured, nothing gained, he thought, 13 the courage to break new ground. With a newfound determination, Samuel decided to go after his dream of becoming a 14 . With pen in hand and a blank page before him, Samuel poured his soul out onto the paper. He 15 tales of adventure, love and self-discovery. As he wrote, he gave life to the characters that danced across the page. 16 , an unexpected opportunity presented itself. A local publishing house, charmed by Samuel’s stories, offered him a 17 to share his work. He took a leap of faith and said yes! “Out with the old and in with the new” became Samuel’s pet phrase. The once-shy clerk 18 a confident author. His books found their way into the hands of readers near and far, touching hearts and igniting (点燃) passions. Samuel’s 19 didn’t come without challenges, but he remembered the saying, “When one door closes, another opens.” Each closed door became an opportunity for growth and a stepping stone to even greater achievements. With each book he composed, he turned over a new leaf. His journey reminded everyone that starting anew was not just surrendering(屈服)to the unknown. It was an invitation to 20 a life filled with purpose and fulfillment. 11．A．permitted B．complained C．admitted D．announced 12．A．unusual B．uncertain C．impossible D．unrealistic 13．A．gathering B．lacking C．admiring D．recalling 14．A．clerk B．painter C．novelist D．publisher 15．A．penned B．heard C．provided D．concluded 16．A．Frequently B．Eventually C．Obviously D．Normally 17．A．chance B．solution C．condition D．right 18．A．depended on B．knew about C．learned from D．transformed into 19．A．exploration B．curiosity C．success D．dignity 20．A．change B．repeat C．create D．evaluate 【答案】 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】记叙文、个人经历、生活故事 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了塞缪尔从一个害羞的职员转变为一个自信的作家的这一过程。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在一个阳光明媚的早晨，书店老板宣布这家店将永远关闭。A. permitted允许；B. complained抱怨；C. admitted承认；D. announced宣布。根据本句“the shop would be closing for good”可知，书店老板宣布这家店要倒闭了。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塞缪尔的心沉了下去，他发现自己面临着一个不确定的未来。A. unusual不同寻常的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. impossible不可能的；D. unrealistic不现实的。根据上文“the shop would be closing for good”，可知店要倒闭，所以他有一个不确定的未来。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他想，没有冒险就没有收获，于是鼓起勇气开辟新的土地。A. gathering聚集；B. lacking缺乏；C. admiring欣赏；D. recalling回想。根据下文“Samuel decided to go after his dream”可知，他决定去追逐自己的梦想，故是鼓起勇气开辟新的土地。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了一个新的决心，塞缪尔决定去追求他成为一名小说家的梦想。A. clerk职员；B. painter画家；C. novelist小说家；D. publisher 出版人。根据第三段“With pen in hand and a blank page before him, Samuel poured his soul out onto the paper. (塞缪尔手里拿着笔，面前是一张白纸，他在纸上倾诉自己的心声。)”可知，他的梦想应该是成为一名小说家。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他写了一些关于冒险、爱情和自我发现的故事。A. penned写；B. heard听；C. provided提供；D. concluded推断，总结。根据前一句中“pen in hand”可知，他写了一些故事。故选A。 16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，一个意外的机会出现了。A. Frequently频繁地；B. Eventually最后；终于；C. Obviously明显地；D. Normally通常，正常地。根据空后“an unexpected opportunity presented itself”，可知，一个机会最终出现了。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地的一家出版社被塞缪尔的故事迷住了，给了他一个分享自己作品的机会。A. chance机会；B. solution解决办法，答案；C. condition条件；状况；D. right 权利，版权。根据空后“share his work”可知，出版社给他提供了分享自己作品的机会。故选A。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个曾经害羞的职员变成了一个自信的作家。A. depended on依赖，取决于；B. knew about知道；C. learned from向……学习；D. transformed into转变为……。由第三段“A local publishing house, charmed by Samuel’s stories, offered him a 　　7　　 to share his work.”可知，他的作品受到出版社的青睐，他已经变成了一个作家。故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞缪尔的成功并非没有挑战，但他想起了那句话：“当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就打开了。”A. exploration解释；B. curiosity好奇，好奇心；C. success成功；D. dignity尊严。根据第四段“His books found their way into the hands of readers near and far, touching hearts and igniting passions. (他的书进入了远近读者的手中，触动了人心，点燃了激情。)”可知他当作家，是很成功的。故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种邀请，目的是要邀请你去创造一个充满目标和成就感的生活。A. change改变；B. repeat重复；C. create创造；D. evaluate估计。根据全文和前文“His journey reminded everyone that starting anew was not just surrendering to the unknown. (他的旅程提醒了每个人，重新开始并不仅仅是向未知的事物屈服。)”可知，重新开始给了我们创造新生活和实现新的成就的机会。故选C。 （2024·北京大兴·模拟预测）I’ve been paralyzed (瘫痪的) since childhood and I started using a wheelchair in first grade. So I’ve had 30 years to learn just how 21 I am and just how often people assume I’m helpless. As a culture, Americans are 22 that disability is something they’ve figured out. Disability doesn’t define anyone; try to be 23 ; and the rule that guides them all: be kind. Well, here’s the 24 : we look through the eyes of nondisabled people so regularly that we 25 to ask even one of the many questions hovering (停留) around the disabled recipients of “help”. Did you want anyone’s help? Was it 26 helpful? “So how am I supposed to be helpful?” you might be asking. You have to 27 the person in front of you. What signals are they giving you? What expression do you see on their face? If you really can’t 28 , you can ask, but if someone says, “No thank you,” listen. Like anyone else, disabled people are both capable and in need of some help. If you want to be genuinely, actively “ 29 ” to disabled people, invite them into your organizations, businesses and programs. Include disabled engineers and comedians and lawyers and teachers in your world. This kind of 30 is a kindness for all of us, because listening to voices that are typically silenced brings to the table creativity, innovation and power. 21．A．capable B．desperate C．friendly D．responsible 22．A．promised B．convinced C．trusted D．questioned 23．A．brave B．honest C．helpful D．grateful 24．A．test B．change C．reason D．problem 25．A．forget B．refuse C．continue D．pretend 26．A．still B．also C．even D．already 27．A．believe in B．catch up with C．smile at D．pay attention to 28．A．tell B．answer C．lie D．focus 29．A．kind B．useful C．faithful D．polite 30．A．guidance B．profession C．performance D．inclusion 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】夹叙夹议、社会问题与社会现象 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为从小就瘫痪的人，作者认为残疾人和其他人一样，既有能力，也需要帮助，人们应该对残疾人真诚地、积极地“善待”，从他们的意愿考虑问题，将残疾人容纳进自己的世界。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我用了30年的时间来了解我有多能干，以及人们有多经常认为我很无助。A. capable有能力的；B. desperate不顾一切的；C. friendly友好的；D. responsible负责任的。根据后文“Like anyone else, disabled people are both capable and in need of some help.(和其他人一样，残疾人既有能力，也需要一些帮助。)”可知，此处是指了解自己有多能干。故选A。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一种文化，美国人相信残疾是他们已经明白的事情。A. promised承诺；B. convinced使确信；C. trusted信任；D. questioned质疑。根据“As a culture”可知，此处是指美国人相信残疾是他们已经明白的事情。故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：残疾不能定义任何人；试着提供帮助；指导他们的准则是：善良。A. brave勇敢的；B. honest诚实的；C. helpful乐于助人的；D. grateful感激的。根据“and the rule that guides them all: be kind”可知，此处是指试着提供帮助。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，问题是：我们经常通过非残疾人的眼睛看问题，以至于我们忘记问那些徘徊在残疾人“帮助”接受者周围的许多问题中的一个。A. test测验；B. change变化；C. reason原因；D. problem问题。根据“we look through the eyes of nondisabled people so regularly that”可知，此处是指问题。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好吧，问题是：我们经常通过非残疾人的眼睛看问题，以至于我们忘记问那些徘徊在残疾人“帮助”接受者周围的许多问题中的一个。A. forget忘记；B. refuse拒绝；C. continue继续；D. pretend假装。根据“we look through the eyes of nondisabled people so regularly that”和后文“Did you want anyone’s help?(你需要某人的帮忙吗？)”可知，此处是指我们忘记问残疾人自己是否愿意接受帮助。故选A。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上这有帮助吗？A. still仍然；B. also也；C. even实际上；D. already已经。根据前文“Did you want anyone’s help?”可知，此处是指这实际上有没有帮助。故选C。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你必须注意你面前的人。A. believe in信仰；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. smile at对……微笑；D. pay attention to注意。根据后文“What signals are they giving you? What expression do you see on their face?(他们给了你什么信号？你在他们脸上看到了什么表情？)”可知，此处是指你必须注意你面前的人。故选D。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的无法分辨，你可以问，但如果有人说，“不，谢谢。”要听从。A. tell区分；B. answer回答；C. lie说谎；D. focus集中。根据前文“What signals are they giving you? What expression do you see on their face?”可知，此处是指如果你无法分辨。故选A。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你想真诚地、积极地“善待”残疾人，邀请他们加入你的组织、业务和项目。A. kind友好的；B. useful有用的；C. faithful忠实的；D. polite有礼貌的。根据后文“a kindness for all of us(这是对我们所有人的友善)”可知，此处是指真诚地、积极地“善待”残疾人。故选A。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种包容对我们所有人都是一种善意，因为倾听那些通常被沉默的声音会带来创造力、创新和力量。A. guidance指导；B. profession专业；C. performance表演；D. inclusion包容。根据前文“Include disabled engineers and comedians and lawyers and teachers in your world.(把残疾工程师、喜剧演员、律师和教师容纳进你的世界。)”可知，此处是指这种包容。故选D。 （2024·北京海淀·一模）It was 4:30 pm. As I was packing up, I noticed my colleague had left his laptop bag in the office. So I decided to bring it to him. It took me about 15 minutes to get to his house, where I 31 the bag and got right back on the road. Suddenly a snowstorm came and within minutes I was in a whiteout. I stopped because I was afraid of driving into a farmer’s field, or worse. I kept the car 32 to stay warm and called 911.They told me to sit tight and wait things out for the night. Those seconds after the call were 33 . Breathe, I told myself. Panicking won’t help. I texted my colleague, joking about my good deed ending in 34 . He suggested I share a satellite view of my 35 on my social media. And I did so, praying that anyone who knew the residents of the nearby farms could get me rescued. Waiting in the car, I doubted whether 36 would be able to come. Soon enough, though, I got a message from someone who was going to put me in touch with them. At 8 pm, I saw a tall figure in a yellow raincoat striding toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight. I’d never been more 37 to see someone in my life. It was André Bouvier, who’d walked about 550 yards to come get me, fighting the wind and snow each step of the way. He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the direction. I drove behind him, feeling my heart begin to beat more 38 . When we reached his house, I burst into tears, all my fears turning into relief and 39 . The experience has been a game changer for me. I now 40 challenges with a sense of calm I’d not known before. But best of all, it brought André into my life. 31．A．dropped off B．filled up C．set aside D．put away 32．A．locked B．parked C．signaling D．running 33．A．painful B．critical C．disappointing D．impressive 34．A．failure B．smoke C．disaster D．mystery 35．A．route B．location C．direction D．destination 36．A．news B．help C．hope D．faith 37．A．satisfied B．surprised C．relieved D．worried 38．A．slowly B．excitedly C．nervously D．strongly 39．A．recognition B．admiration C．satisfaction D．appreciation 40．A．identify B．present C．approach D．anticipate 【答案】 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】善行义举（个人）、记叙文、哲理感悟 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历。作者为同事送电脑包在返回的路上，遭遇了暴风雪而失去方向，分享被困位置停车等待救援时，一位叫安德烈的人帮助自己摆脱困境，这次经历让作者改变了应对挑战的态度，也从此与安德烈相识。 31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了大约15分钟到达他的家，在那里我放下包，然后马上回到路上。A. dropped off 放下；B. fill up填满；C. set aside留出；D. put away收好。根据上文的“So I decided to bring it to him.”和本句中的“got right back on the road”可知，作者到同事家放下包就回来了。故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让汽车发动着以保持温暖，并拨打了911。A. locked锁上；B. parked停车；C. signaling发信号；D. running奔跑，运行。根据上文的“Suddenly a snowstorm came and within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，外面很冷，“我”需要让汽车保持运行状态来取暖。故选D。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通话后的那几秒钟是痛苦的。A. painful痛苦的；B. critical关键的；C. disappointing令人沮丧的；D. impressive令人钦佩的。根据下文的“Breathe, I told myself. Panicking won’t help.”可知，“我”在当时那种情况下感到害怕，安慰自己放松下来，因此等待的过程让人感动痛苦。故选A。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给同事发了短信，开玩笑说我的好事以灾难告终。A. failure失败；B. smoke 烟雾；C. disaster灾难；D. mystery神秘。根据上文的“Suddenly a snowstorm came and within minutes I was in a whiteout. I stopped because I was afraid of driving into a farmer’s field, or worse.”可知，“我”把做好事却遭遇暴风雪这件事调侃成灾难。故选 C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他建议我在社交媒体上分享我的位置的卫星视图。A. route路线；B. location地点；C. direction方向；D. destination目的地。根据下文的“And I did so, praying that anyone who knew the residents of the nearby farms could get me rescued.”可知，“我”在社交媒体上分享自己的位置，希望有人来救“我”。故选B。 36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在车里等待时，我怀疑是否有人能够来帮我。作者不确定是否有人能来帮助自己。A. news新闻；B. help帮助；C. hope希望；D. faith信念。根据下文的“Soon enough, though, I got a message from someone who was going to put me in touch with them.”可知，我不确定的“帮助”真的来到了。故选B。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的一生中，我从未如此高兴看到有人。A. satisfied满意的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. worried担心的。“我”看到有人来救助自己，因此会感到很宽慰。故选C。 38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开车跟在他后面，感觉自己的心脏开始跳得更慢了。A. slowly 缓慢地；B. excitedly 兴奋地；C. nervously 紧张地；D. strongly 强烈地。根据上文的“He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the direction.”可知，“我”在跟随安德烈走出困境，因此在这种情况下心情不再紧张，心跳得更慢了。故选A。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达他的家时，我突然哭了起来，我所有的恐惧都变成了宽慰和感激。A. recognition认可；B. admiration赞赏；C. satisfaction满足；D. appreciation感激。根据上文的“He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the direction.”可知，安德烈帮助“我”走出困境，因此“我”会感到感激。故选 D。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在面对挑战时带着一种我以前不知道的平静感。A. identify辨认；B. present展示；C. approach应对；D. anticipate预料。根据上文的“He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the direction.”和“When we reached his house”可知，“我”被成功解救，因此“我”坚信在面对挑战和困难时不会再慌张，会以一种以前没有的平静感去面对它们。故选C。 （2024·北京丰台·二模）During the first weeks of his retirement from the fire service, Max had felt lost. And that’s when Polly, a library manager, helped him sign up as a 41 , for Robot Club in the library. Max hadn’t volunteered before and he didn’t know anything about 42 . He opened the packs containing the robots, nervously staring at the mess of parts. A dozen primary-age children gathered around the table, 43 eagerly. Almost double the number of adults crowded around them, watching. Glancing around the library at the many parents and carers accompanying the robot builders, Max knew he had to face this 44 . “Okay, team,” he started 45 , adopting the tone he’d used to brief his unit during his firefighting days. “We’re going to build these robots one step at a time.” The children nodded, their hands busy with screws and plastic limbs. Max wandered from table to table, 46 words of encouragement, and slowly but surely, piecing together the instructions in his mind. An hour passed, and the room was filled with the sound of chatter and clinking parts. As the final minutes of Robot Club ticked away, Max stood back and 47 the room. Robots of all shapes and sizes stood on the tables. The children were excited, 48 their creations to anyone who would look. As they began to leave, many children stopped to thank Max. Each “thank you” and “see you next week” chipped away at the sense of 49 he had felt since retiring. He hadn’t put out a fire today, but perhaps he had lighted something far more important — a new 50 for himself. 41．A．volunteer B．writer C．builder D．fireman 42．A．books B．programs C．children D．robots 43．A．searching B．waiting C．reading D．arguing 44．A．competition B．consequence C．challenge D．conflict 45．A．calmly B．coldly C．casually D．weakly 46．A．processing B．offering C．exchanging D．understanding 47．A．surveyed B．cleaned C．decorated D．left 48．A．bringing up B．calling on C．showing off D．giving away 49．A．freedom B．relief C．loss D．guilt 50．A．version B．belief C．approach D．purpose 【答案】 41．A 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】生活故事、善行义举（个人）、记叙文 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。从消防部门退休的头几个星期里，马克斯感到很失落，图书馆经理波莉帮助他报名成为图书馆机器人俱乐部的志愿者，在第一次完成志愿活动后，他找到了新的人生目标。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，图书馆经理波莉帮助他报名成为图书馆机器人俱乐部的志愿者。A. volunteer志愿者；B. writer作家；C. builder建立者；D. fireman消防员。根据后文“Max hadn’t volunteered before(马克斯以前没有做过志愿者)”可知，此处是指帮助他报名成为图书馆机器人俱乐部的志愿者。故选A。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克斯以前没有做过志愿者，而且他对机器人一无所知。A. books书籍；B. programs计划；C. children孩子；D. robots机器人。根据后文“He opened the packs containing the robots, nervously staring at the mess of parts. (他打开装着机器人的包装，紧张地盯着那堆乱七八糟的零件)”可知，此处是指他对机器人一无所知。故选D。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十几个小学生围在桌子周围，急切地等着。A. searching搜索；B. waiting等待；C. reading阅读；D. arguing争论。根据前文“He opened the packs containing the robots, nervously staring at the mess of parts.(他打开装着机器人的包装，紧张地盯着那堆乱七八糟的零件)”可知，此处是指十几个小学生急切地等待着。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克斯环顾图书馆，看到许多陪伴机器人制造者的家长和护工，他知道自己必须面对这个挑战。A. competition比赛；B. consequence结果；C. challenge挑战；D. conflict冲突。根据前文“He opened the packs containing the robots, nervously staring at the mess of parts.(他打开装着机器人的包装，紧张地盯着那堆乱七八糟的零件)”可知，此处是指面对这个挑战。故选C。 45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“好了，队员们，”他平静地开始说，用的是他当消防员时向队员们汇报的语气。A. calmly平静地；B. coldly冷淡地；C. casually随意地；D. weakly虚弱地。根据“adopting the tone he’d used to brief his unit during his firefighting days”可知，此处是指他平静地说。故选A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克斯从一张桌子走到另一张桌子，一边说着鼓励的话，一边缓慢而坚定地在脑海中拼凑出指示。A. processing加工；B. offering给予；C. exchanging交换；D. understanding理解。根据“words of encouragement”可知，此处是指给予鼓励的话。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：机器人俱乐部的最后几分钟一分一秒地过去了，马克斯退后一步，审视着房间。A. surveyed审视；B. cleaned清洁；C. decorated装饰；D. left离开。根据“Max stood back and”和后文“Robots of all shapes and sizes stood on the tables.(各种形状和大小的机器人站在桌子上)”可知，此处是指退后一步审视着房间。故选A。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，向任何愿意看的人炫耀他们的作品。A. bringing up抚养；B. calling on拜访；C. showing off炫耀；D. giving away泄露。根据“their creations to anyone who would look”可知，此处是指向任何愿意看的人炫耀他们的作品。故选C。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一句“谢谢”和“下周见”都让他退休后的失落感一点点消失。A. freedom自由；B. relief缓解；C. loss失落；D. guilt内疚。根据“he had felt since retiring”可知，此处是指退休后的失落感。故选C。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他今天没有扑灭一团火，但也许他点燃了更重要的东西——一个新的人生目标。A. version版本；B. belief信仰；C. approach途径；D. purpose目标。根据“He hadn’t put out a fire today, but perhaps he had lighted something far more important”可知，此处是指一个新的人生目标。故选D。 （2024·北京朝阳·一模）It was hard not to notice an 8-year-old kid storming in and out of his own house. “He doesn’t have a father,” said his neighbor, William Dunn. “I can probably do something for him.” That something was fishing, a 51 Dunn’s father had shared with him. “It brought me peace and taught me how to be patient,” he said. He then took the kid fishing every weekend. Gradually he took groups of kids out to fish. Most didn’t have father figures. “They’d been through a lot, and their lives were 52 ,” said Dunn. “But when they were fishing, all of that disappeared. On the boat, they’d be laughing and making new friends. They just 53 the moment.” 54 by this scene, Dunn started the nonprofit Take a Kid Fishing. He and the volunteers have introduced 2,500 kids — most without fathers 55 — to the calming peace found on the water and the excitement of catching a fish. Just as important as the fishing are the 56 Dunn forms with those kids. When they have a rough time, Dunn will talk with them, emphasizing self-respect and mental 57 . One of the kids, Bella Smith, said she would forget about the past while fishing and concentrate on something positive. “Fishing is learning,” she said. “I’ve learned I 58 a better life than what I had. Whenever I feel down, I know it’s time to go fishing.” Dunn’s father passed away this year, so fishing has 59 new meaning for him. “I have a stronger liking for it because now I’m fatherless too. There’s nothing like feeling that first pull on the line and seeing a kid light up with a smile,” said Dunn. “I feel 60 to witness that every weekend.” 51．A．case B．passion C．duty D．goal 52．A．difficult B．dramatic C．adventurous D．boring 53．A．remembered B．regretted C．recorded D．appreciated 54．A．Entertained B．Shocked C．Inspired D．Confused 55．A．nearby B．around C．ahead D．throughout 56．A．identities B．agreements C．relationships D．opinions 57．A．toughness B．dependence C．sharpness D．defense 58．A．require B．deserve C．lead D．secure 59．A．left behind B．turned into C．carried out D．taken on 60．A．curious B．nervous C．lucky D．hesitant 【答案】 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．B 56．C 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】生活故事、善行义举（个人）、记叙文 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了William Dunn看到邻居家没有父亲的孩子，想要帮助他，带他去钓鱼，从那之后他发起了非盈利组织“带孩子去钓鱼”，帮助了很多失去父亲的孩子的故事。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是钓鱼，这是邓恩的父亲和他共同的爱好。A. case情况；B. passion热衷的爱好、酷爱；C. duty责任；D. goal目标。根据下文“Dunn’s father had shared with him”可知，钓鱼是Dunn的父亲和他一起做的事情，是两个人共同的爱好。故选B项。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们经历了很多，他们的生活很艰难，”邓恩说。A. difficult困难的；B. dramatic戏剧性的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“Most didn’t have father figures.”和“They’d been through a lot, and their lives were”可知，孩子们经历了很多，没有父亲，生活是艰难的。故选A项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是欣赏这一刻。A. remembered记得；B. regretted后悔；C. recorded记录；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。根据上文“On the boat, they’d be laughing and making new friends”可知，钓鱼的时候，大家都很快乐，享受并欣赏这一时刻。故选D项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到这个场景的启发，邓恩创办了非营利组织“带孩子去钓鱼”。A. Entertained愉快的；B. Shocked震惊的；C. Inspired受鼓舞的，受启发的；D. Confused困惑的。根据上一段“On the boat, they’d be laughing and making new friends.”及下文“by this scene”可知，受到上文场景的启发，Dunn创办了非盈利组织。故选C项。 55．考查介词、副词词义辨析。句意：他和志愿者们已经让2500个孩子——大多数没有父亲在身边——感受到了水面上的平静和捕鱼的兴奋。A. nearby在附近；B. around周围；C. ahead在前面；D. throughout各处，遍及。根据上文“most without fathers”可知，参加组织的孩子们都没有父亲在身边，此处用around作宾补。故选B项。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。A. identities身份，特性；B. agreements同意；C. relationships关系；D. opinions观点。根据下文“When they have a rough time, Dunn will talk with them”可知，由于钓鱼，Dunn和孩子们之间的关系也加强了，孩子们有困难时，他会找孩子们谈话。故选C项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们遇到困难时，邓恩会与他们交谈，强调自尊和精神上的坚韧。A. toughness坚韧；B. dependence独立；C. sharpness锋利；D. defense防御。根据上文“When they have a rough time”及“emphasizing self-respect and mental”可知，当没有父亲的孩子们遇到困难，Dunn和孩子们交谈，强调精神上的坚韧符合文意。故选A项。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了我应该过上比现在更好的生活。A. require要求；B. deserve值得；C. lead带领；D. secure（尤指经过努力）获得。根据前文“concentrate on something positive”及“a better life than what I had”可知，Bella Smith表示她学会更积极地面对生活，自己值得更好的生活。故选B项。 59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：邓恩的父亲今年去世了，所以钓鱼对他来说有了新的意义。A. left behind留下；B. turned into变成；C. carried out执行；D. taken on承担，呈现。根据上文“Dunn’s father passed away this year”及下文“I have a stronger liking for it because now I’m fatherless too”可知，Dunn的爸爸去世了，他也没有了爸爸，因此，钓鱼对他而言也呈现了新的意义。故选D项。 60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运每个周末都能看到这些。A. curious好奇的；B. nervous紧张的；C. lucky幸运的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“There’s nothing like feeling that first pull on the line and seeing a kid light up with a smile”可知，看到孩子们拉起鱼线，露出笑容，Dunn觉得自己是幸运的。故选C项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 22 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$