专题01 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Relationships重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型【知识清单】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲(北师大版2019）

专题01 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Relationships重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型（解析版） B1U1重点单词变形 1． n．幽默感→humourous adj.幽默的→humourously adv.幽默地 2． adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→passion n．热爱；热情 3． adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合；时机→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的 4． adj.激起感情的；情感上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n．感情；情感 5． adv.极度，极其→extreme adj.极度的；极大的；极端的；偏激的 6． adj.感激的，感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地→gratitude n．感激之情；感谢 7． adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practically adv.实际地；切实可行地→practice n.& v．练习 8． vt.缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的 9． n．报告；陈述，说明→present v．授予；呈现 n．礼物 10． n．行为，举止→behave v．行为；表现 11． n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.可接近的；可到达的；易取得的 12． adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的→worthy adj.值得尊敬的，值得敬仰的→worth adj.值得的 n．价值，意义→(反义词)worthless adj.无价值的，不中用的 13． n．教育(学)家→educate v．教育→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的→educationally adv.教育上地 14． n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁可 15． adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 16． n．意图，目的；打算→intend v．意图；打算 17． adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand v．要求 n．需求，要求 18． adj.有效的→effect n．影响；效果 v．使发生；实现；引起 19． adj.敏感的；善解人意的→sense n．意义；感官(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉)；感觉→sensible adj.明智的；敏感的 20． adv.持续不断地→constant adj.持续不断的 21． vt.与某人交往→associated adj.有联系的；相关的→association n．联系；协会；社团 22． adv.几乎不→bare adj.(树木)光秃秃的；仅够的；最基本的 23． adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve v．预订；保留 n．保护区 24． adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；使分心 25． n．现实；真实→real adj.真实的；真正的→really adv.真正地；确实 26． n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；鼓舞，激励 27． adj.拼命的；绝望的→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地；非常；极其 28． adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depression n.沮丧→depress v．使沮丧；使萧条 29． adj.无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地→rudeness n．粗野，无礼；粗陋 30． vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满 31． n．约定；约会→appoint v．任命，委任；安排；约定→appointed adj.(时间)指定的，约定的 32． n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的→alcohol n．酒精 B1U1重点词组再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle (总计为) 180 degrees! 2．But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject (第一次). 3．I (不知道) what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! 4．He (过去常常) explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. 5．I remember that he let me some fuel (把……倒入) the rocket, and then another student lit a match to it (引爆). 6．I've read (几本) Graham's books and seen him on TV. 7．He was very bright and he (在……方面做得好) science subjects. 8．Everyone (擅长) something and it's important to find out what that is for each student. 9．We teachers should have more time to (交朋友) all our students and really understand them. 10．The thing about being a teacher is that you (有机会接触) children's minds when they are open and eager to learn. 11．Mark never stops (与……交往) his friends online. 12．I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I (与某人交往) online. 13． (表面上), I have an active social life. 14． (事实上), my mind is always a million miles away. 15．I (对……过分担心) exactly how many followers I have on my account. 16．The stimulation is in (追逐) the next song (而不是) truly enjoying it. 17．My friends try to me (把……拽走) from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I (渴望……) get back to the online world. 18．I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, (与……联系) my friends and family members in a meaningful way. 19．It's funny that my friends and I (喋喋不休) online so much. B1U1重点句型 1. “if only...”意为“要是……就好了” ①(教材P8)Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我会想，要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ ②(人教选必三U4)If it were not for sea animals, we would all starve. 如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。 (1)“if only...”主要用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来相反的愿望用“would/could/should/might＋do”； (2)“only if...”意为“只有……”，引导真实条件句(置于句首，主句用部分倒装)； (3)“if it were not for.../if it had not been for...”意为“要不是……；如果没有……”。 [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)If only I (know) the significance of working hard at college! (2)If only I (have) the chance to become an educationalist! (3)If only I (be) able to study at a key university next year! (4)学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。 Only if a teacher has given permission ． 2. the first day/time引导时间状语从句 ①(教材P9)The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.　他第一天走进我的班级时，书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。 ②(译林必修二U1)Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.　希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 (1)each/every time　　　　　　　 每次…… next time 下次…… the last time 上次…… (2)the moment/the minute/the instant/instantly/ immediately/directly 一……就…… [应用内化] 补全句子 (1)I knew for sure that (每次我失去耐心的时候) I would remember my grandfather's words.(应用文写作之人物介绍) (2)(2023·全国甲卷) (我们第一次住在那里的时候), we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. 3. 否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义 ①(教材P14)But he's also never felt more alone. 但他却也从未感到如此孤独。 ②(外研必修二U1)When I get back home, there is nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner. 当我回到家时，没有什么比吃一顿丰盛的肉类晚餐更让人心满意足的了。 (1)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有： cannot...too... 　　 无论怎样……也不为过 nothing/not/no...impossible 没有……不可能 (2)no/not/never...without... 没有……不……(双重否定) [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can't be careful, especially in examinations. (2)Not a student has access to the library showing his/her student card. (3)总之，我们应该意识到没有什么比健康更有价值。 In conclusion, we should be aware that ． (4)动动脑筋，你就会发现世界上没有什么是不可能的。 Use your head and you will find that ． 4. the＋序数词(＋名词)＋to do sth. ①(教材P14) If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know.　如果你是我的500个网友之一，你会一直是第一个知道的。 ②(外研选必一U6)The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost. 第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮观的清水河特大桥，世界上最长的建在冻土之上的大桥。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the next、the only、the last等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语； (2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有ability、chance、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、reply、attempt、belief等。 [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(人教选必四U5)The best time (start) thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education. (2)As far as I know, Amy was the only person (witness) the car accident. (3)她是第一个海外粉丝突破千万的中国视频博主(vlogger)。 She is overseas.(应用文写作之人物介绍) 5. 否定词置于句首引起部分倒装 ①(教材P15)Not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. 她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 ②(人教必修三U5)I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this.　我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票。 (1)表示否定含义的词或短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前； (2)常用的表示否定含义的副词有never、little、rarely、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、nor等； (3)表示“绝不”的介词短语有at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition等； (4)表示“一……就……”的短语有no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、scarcely...than...等。 [应用内化] 补全句子/句式升级 (1) (我发现他很少对他的孩子们不耐烦) who ran around the yard playing happily. (2) (我一有机会解释) she rushed into the pouring rain. (3)You will never be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games. → if you are addicted to online games.(倒装句)（应用文写作之建议信） B1U1 核心词汇全面攻破 1． access n．(接近的)方法；通路；进入；接触的机会；权利(常与to连用)；可接近性 vt.进入；使用 (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to　　拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入…… give access to 准许进入/接近…… have no access to 没有……的机会；无法接近 (2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的 be accessible to 可接近的；可使用的 (3)inaccessible adj. 难达到的；难接近的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Now that you haven't applied for an account, the website is not (access) to you. ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. ③(2021·北京卷)Your application (access) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. 完成句子 ④鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。 Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, where you can ． ⑤我校体育馆对我们学生来说很方便，我们锻炼时能使用。 Our school stadium and we can when taking exercise. ⑥从中国书法到爱尔兰绘画，我们可以接触到各种美学杰作。(应用文写作之告知信) (access) ⑦(2022·浙江卷6月，应用文写作)在自习室，你可以使用免费Wi-Fi，这方便你做报告。 In the self-study room, you can free Wi-Fi, making it convenient for you to give a presentation. [名师点津]　access前通常不加冠词，且短语access to和be accessible to中的to都是介词。 2． appointment n．约定；约会；预约；任命，委任　 (1)appoint vt.　　任命；委派；安排；确定(时间、地点) appoint sb.as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (2)make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 keep an appointment 守约 break an appointment 违约 (3)appointed adj. 约定的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①I regret to tell you that I can't travel to Nanjing with you at the (appoint) time. ②I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the (appoint) with you，and I will appoint my brother (meet) you at the airport. 完成句子 ③他被任命为校长，不遗余力地在提升学校的教学质量。 ，he spared no effort to improve its teaching quality. ④他已养成了守约的习惯，从不违约。 He has got into the habit of and never ． 3． approval n．赞许；同意；批准　 (1)get one's approval　得到某人的同意 give one's approval to ... 同意/批准…… (2)approve vi. 赞成；同意 　vt. 批准；通过 approve sth. 批准某事 approve of (sb./one's) doing sth. 赞同/同意(某人)做某事 (3)approving adj. 赞同的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Most members don't approve this suggestion. ②By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' (approve)． ③The new plan (approve) at the meeting held last week. ④I approve of you (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. 补全句子/完成句子 ⑤My father (同意我参加派对) to welcome my new classmates. ⑥如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文写作之感谢信) We would be grateful ． [名师点津]　表示“赞同/同意某人做某事”不可用approve sb. to do sth.，因为approve用作“同意；赞同”时是不及物动词，应用approve of sb./one's doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词-ing形式的复合结构。 4． ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的　 (1)shame n．　羞耻；遗憾的事 It's a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity! 真遗憾！ (2)be/feel ashamed of... 为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事 (3)shameful adj. 可耻的 shameless adj. 不知羞耻的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①It is shame that I made a couple of extremely silly mistakes in my class presentation. ②She was ashamed making so many conflicts with her classmate Tom. ③I was once ashamed (admit) my weakness，but now I have no such feeling. 完成句子 ④我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。 I felt as if a knife were piercing (刺穿) my heart，tears clouding my eyes. ⑤我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说，我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧，这对我来说是一种耻辱。 that I lied to her.In other words， ． 5． associate v．使联合；联想，联系；与某人交往 n．同伴；伙伴　 (1)associate...with...　把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道 (2)be associated with... 和……有关 (3)association n. 协会；关联 in association with... 与……合作/有关联 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2023·北京卷)A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues (刺激) behavioural responses that help meet the goal. ②Most positive emotions are (associate) with positive behaviour. ③His English improved enormously because of his (associate) with British people. 完成句子 ④据报道有很多严重的健康问题是与抽烟有关的。 It is reported that there are many serious health problems ． ⑤参加活动前，父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人合作。 Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me ． ⑥在孩子们的眼中， 一提到夏天， 他们就会联想到游泳、冰激凌， 还有暑假。 In children's eyes， ice cream and summer holidays. ⑦这次展览是由当地政府联合几位剪纸艺术家共同组织的。(话题写作之活动介绍) This exhibition was organised by the local government ． ⑧如果你和思想积极的人交往，你也会变得乐观起来。(应用文写作之建议信) If you positive-thinking people，you will also become optimistic. 6． belong vt.应在(某处)；适应；属于　 (1)belong to　　属于；归属；为……的一员 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感 belongings n. 所有物；财产 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Having sold most of his (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house. ②As is known to all, cultural relics belong human beings rather than individuals. ③This is the laptop (belong) to my nephew. 完成句子 ④正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们我才有了归属感。(倡导和谐人际关系) It is because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates that ． ⑤每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力工作的人。 Everyone has a desire for success ． [名师点津]　belong to没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式。 7． complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉　 (1)complain (to sb.) about (doing) sth.　 (向某人)抱怨(做)某事 complain that... 抱怨…… (2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make a complaint(to sb.)about ... (向某人)抱怨…… [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①I feel it no use (complain); instead, I should take action immediately. ②Several passengers complained the air company about the bad service on the flight. ③Their main (complain) is that the prices of a wide range of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days. 完成句子/补全句子 ④一些学生抱怨说，他们学校图书馆最新又有趣的图书不够多。 their school libraries don't have enough up-to-date interesting books. ⑤当我意识到抱怨没有意义的时候，我调整了我的学习方法，每当我遇到难题的时候就去向老师寻求帮助。 I adjusted my learning methods and turned to the teacher whenever I encountered difficult problems. ⑥I'm writing to (向你投诉你们宾馆服务差). ⑦只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的，因为我们都知道行动胜于言辞。 as we all know actions speak louder than words. 8． contrast n．差异，差别 v．形成对比；对比　 (1)make a contrast with...　　与……做对比 in contrast with/to... 与……对比起来，与……形成对比 by contrast 相比而言 (2)contrast...with/and... 把……与……相对比 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Most people work because it's unavoidable. contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy working. ②This cold weather contrasts last week's heat. ③If you contrast some of her early writing her later work, you can see just how much she improved. ④In contrast the past, it is much easier for people to get in touch with each other today. 完成句子 ⑤你会发现对比中西方文化是个好主意。 You will find it a good idea ． ⑥他是一个上了年纪的农民，他花白的头发与他黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。 He is an old farmer, whose grey hair his dark skin. ⑦你认为你会失败，与你的想法相反，我相信你会成功。(应用文写作之安慰信) I am confident that you'll succeed. 9． deadline n．最后期限，截止日期　 deadline for sth.　　某事的最后期限 set/establish a deadline 定下最后期限 meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按时完成 miss the deadline 延误期限 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Monday is the deadline handing in this essay. 完成句子 ②为了如期完工，我们让拖拉机日夜工作。 We had the tractor working day and night to ． ③时间不多了。我们很可能会错过最后期限。 Time is running out. It's likely that we'll ． ④如果你想为我们的报纸投稿，请在日期截止前把你的文章寄给我。 If you want to contribute to our newspaper， ． 10． desperate adj.不顾一切的；拼命的；绝望的；渴望的　 (1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事 in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……) (2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望 in desperation 绝望地 (3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①When news of her son's death reached her，she screamed in (desperate), refusing to believe it. ②Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he is desperate fame. ③(2023·浙江卷)It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), (desperate) trying to escape. 完成句子 ④看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。 Seeing the result of the exam， ． ⑤父亲的反应让我非常惊讶，我想知道他怎么能如此镇静。 My father's reaction astonished me. how he could be so calm. ⑥我渴望提高英语口语，你能给我一些建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信) . Can you give me some advice? [名师点津]　“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：①be eager for sth./to do sth.②be anxious for sth./to do sth.③long for sth./to do sth.④desire for sth./to do sth.⑤be dying for sth./to do sth. 11． grateful adj.感激的，感谢的　 (1)be grateful to sb. (for sth.)　 (因某事)感激某人 be grateful to do sth. 因做某事而感激 I would be grateful if you could do... 如果你能做……，我将感激不尽。 (2)gratitude n. 感激 with gratitude 感激地 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江卷6月，读后续写)These seemingly-rude homeless people looked at me with (grateful) and obviously, they were grateful me the food I had distributed to them. In reality, I was also grateful (do) my part to help the homeless. 完成句子 ②如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我会很感激的。(应用文写作之求助信) going through my application form and making some changes. 12． lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西　 (1)lack sth.　缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态) lack for 需要，需求 (2)(a)lack of ... 缺乏…… for/through lack of 因缺乏…… (3)lacking adj. 缺少的(不可置于名词前) be lacking in sth. 缺少某物 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though (lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. ②More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities lack of space. ③In contrast to my reserved and sensitive niece，my nephew is (lack) in motivation. 完成句子 ④健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and ． ⑤尽管他缺乏经验，然而还是得到了工作。 ，he got the job. ⑥由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。 ，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. ⑦(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)尽管他们缺乏烹饪经验，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。 ，the twins still prepared an incredible breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(lack v．) [名师点津]　(1)lack作名词时常与介词of连用。 (2)lack作及物动词时，后面直接加宾语；作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用。 (3)lacking为形容词，但一般不放在名词前作定语，常与in连用。 B1U1 本单元核心素养自查 Ⅰ.单元词汇串记 请用本单元所学词汇的适当形式完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 grateful，lack，reality，depress，chase，complain，deadline I have a niece who is sensitive，outgoing and is passionate about organising all kinds of activities and a nephew who has a sense of humour but 1. confidence. When they came to my house for the first time a couple of weeks ago，they were extremely 2. that there was not a laptop in my house and barely did I socialize with others on social networking. It upset them that they had no access to Wi-Fi. In 3. ，their reserved mother was desperate to send them to my house so that they would not associate with their online mates. Besides，they used to waste a lot of time 4. after stimulation online. They were so distracted that they forgot the 5. of their homework. Their parents constantly 6. about and obsessed over their behaviour.However，I found my nephew had an extraordinary preference for science fiction in contrast to other children，so I handled the problem from a practical and effective angle with the intention of fueling his interest. I promised that if he could give a presentation about the book he had read，I would buy another science fiction novel for him. After all，interest is the best motivation. My sister was sincerely 7. to me and she thought it incredible that her son could pour into reading for hours. Ⅱ.一词多义无障碍 1．raise (1)With the improvement of people's living standard，some people form a habit of raising small or domestic animals as pets. (2)New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. (3)They do this either by providing things that are necessary，or by raising money or helping out in whatever possible way. (4)I wonder how he actually dared to raise that ridiculous question. 2．take up (1)Peter will take up his post as the receiver of the travel agency at the end of next month. (2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off. (3)Standing at the door of the restaurant，we tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up. (4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？ (5)He took up the umbrella from the ground and left. Ⅲ.熟词生义猜的快 1．(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. A．(尤指道路或河流的)拐弯，弯道 B．弯曲 C．弯腰 2．(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. A．倾倒 B．不断涌向　 C．(雨)倾盆而下 3．If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day. A．控制，操纵 B．搬动　 C．处理 4．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance. A．刺激 B．燃料　 C．食物，饮料 Ⅳ.核心词汇强化练 1．(2022·浙江卷1月)Above all, I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and (extreme) serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)Countries should team up with one another to work out (practice) plans regarding ocean protection. 3．The Student is organizing many physical activities，because health is with exercise.(associate) 4．With tears (pour) down his cheeks, he watched the documentary film tracing the history of the ancient town. 5．Upon reaching his hometown in the distance, the politician expressed a (prefer) for the unique scenery. 6．Tom has been appointed as chairman of the Student Association and I will write a letter to congratulate him on his (appoint)． 7．Now (educate) are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. 8．The resident physician often about his working conditions and I'm tired of his ．(complain) 9．It was of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your ．(rude) 10．In (desperate), she called Louise and asked for her help. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Relationships重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型（解析版） B1U1重点单词变形 1．humour n．幽默感→humourous adj.幽默的→humourously adv.幽默地 2．passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→passion n．热爱；热情 3．occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合；时机→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的 4．emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n．感情；情感 5．extremely adv.极度，极其→extreme adj.极度的；极大的；极端的；偏激的 6．grateful adj.感激的，感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地→gratitude n．感激之情；感谢 7．practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practically adv.实际地；切实可行地→practice n.& v．练习 8．lack vt.缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的 9．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→present v．授予；呈现 n．礼物 10．behaviour n．行为，举止→behave v．行为；表现 11．access n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.可接近的；可到达的；易取得的 12．worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的→worthy adj.值得尊敬的，值得敬仰的→worth adj.值得的 n．价值，意义→(反义词)worthless adj.无价值的，不中用的 13．educationalist n．教育(学)家→educate v．教育→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的→educationally adv.教育上地 14．preference n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁可 15．ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 16．intention n．意图，目的；打算→intend v．意图；打算 17．demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand v．要求 n．需求，要求 18．effective adj.有效的→effect n．影响；效果 v．使发生；实现；引起 19．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的→sense n．意义；感官(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉)；感觉→sensible adj.明智的；敏感的 20．constantly adv.持续不断地→constant adj.持续不断的 21．associate vt.与某人交往→associated adj.有联系的；相关的→association n．联系；协会；社团 22．barely adv.几乎不→bare adj.(树木)光秃秃的；仅够的；最基本的 23．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve v．预订；保留 n．保护区 24．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；使分心 25．reality n．现实；真实→real adj.真实的；真正的→really adv.真正地；确实 26．stimulation n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；鼓舞，激励 27．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地；非常；极其 28．depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depression n.沮丧→depress v．使沮丧；使萧条 29．rude adj.无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地→rudeness n．粗野，无礼；粗陋 30．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满 31．appointment n．约定；约会→appoint v．任命，委任；安排；约定→appointed adj.(时间)指定的，约定的 32．alcoholic n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的→alcohol n．酒精 B1U1重点词组再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to(总计为) 180 degrees! 2．But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject for the first time(第一次). 3．I had no idea(不知道) what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! 4．He used to(过去常常) explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. 5．I remember that he let me pour some fuel into(把……倒入) the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off(引爆). 6．I've read a couple of(几本) Graham's books and seen him on TV. 7．He was very bright and he had done very well in(在……方面做得好) science subjects. 8．Everyone is good at(擅长) something and it's important to find out what that is for each student. 9．We teachers should have more time to make friends with(交朋友) all our students and really understand them. 10．The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to(有机会接触) children's minds when they are open and eager to learn. 11．Mark never stops socialising with(与……交往) his friends online. 12．I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with(与某人交往) online. 13．On the surface(表面上), I have an active social life. 14．In reality(事实上), my mind is always a million miles away. 15．I obsess over(对……过分担心) exactly how many followers I have on my account. 16．The stimulation is in chasing after(追逐) the next song rather than(而不是) truly enjoying it. 17．My friends try to drag me away(把……拽走) from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I am desperate to(渴望……) get back to the online world. 18．I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with(与……联系) my friends and family members in a meaningful way. 19．It's funny that my friends and I chatter away(喋喋不休) online so much. B1U1重点句型 1. “if only...”意为“要是……就好了” ①(教材P8)Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我会想，要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ ②(人教选必三U4)If it were not for sea animals, we would all starve. 如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。 (1)“if only...”主要用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来相反的愿望用“would/could/should/might＋do”； (2)“only if...”意为“只有……”，引导真实条件句(置于句首，主句用部分倒装)； (3)“if it were not for.../if it had not been for...”意为“要不是……；如果没有……”。 [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)If only I had known(know) the significance of working hard at college! (2)If only I had(have) the chance to become an educationalist! (3)If only I would/could/should/might be(be) able to study at a key university next year! (4)学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。 Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the classroom． 2. the first day/time引导时间状语从句 ①(教材P9)The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.　他第一天走进我的班级时，书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。 ②(译林必修二U1)Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.　希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 (1)each/every time　　　　　　　 每次…… next time 下次…… the last time 上次…… (2)the moment/the minute/the instant/instantly/ immediately/directly 一……就…… [应用内化] 补全句子 (1)I knew for sure that each/every time I lost patience(每次我失去耐心的时候) I would remember my grandfather's words.(应用文写作之人物介绍) (2)(2023·全国甲卷)The first time we stayed there(我们第一次住在那里的时候), we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. 3. 否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义 ①(教材P14)But he's also never felt more alone. 但他却也从未感到如此孤独。 ②(外研必修二U1)When I get back home, there is nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner. 当我回到家时，没有什么比吃一顿丰盛的肉类晚餐更让人心满意足的了。 (1)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有： cannot...too... 　　 无论怎样……也不为过 nothing/not/no...impossible 没有……不可能 (2)no/not/never...without... 没有……不……(双重否定) [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can't be too careful, especially in examinations. (2)Not a student has access to the library without showing his/her student card. (3)总之，我们应该意识到没有什么比健康更有价值。 In conclusion, we should be aware that nothing is more valuable than health． (4)动动脑筋，你就会发现世界上没有什么是不可能的。 Use your head and you will find that nothing is impossible in the world． 4. the＋序数词(＋名词)＋to do sth. ①(教材P14) If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know.　如果你是我的500个网友之一，你会一直是第一个知道的。 ②(外研选必一U6)The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost. 第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮观的清水河特大桥，世界上最长的建在冻土之上的大桥。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the next、the only、the last等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语； (2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有ability、chance、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、reply、attempt、belief等。 [应用内化] 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(人教选必四U5)The best time to start(start) thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education. (2)As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness(witness) the car accident. (3)她是第一个海外粉丝突破千万的中国视频博主(vlogger)。 She is the first Chinese vlogger to have more than 10 million fans overseas.(应用文写作之人物介绍) 5. 否定词置于句首引起部分倒装 ①(教材P15)Not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. 她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 ②(人教必修三U5)I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this.　我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票。 (1)表示否定含义的词或短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前； (2)常用的表示否定含义的副词有never、little、rarely、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、nor等； (3)表示“绝不”的介词短语有at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition等； (4)表示“一……就……”的短语有no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、scarcely...than...等。 [应用内化] 补全句子/句式升级 (1)Rarely have I found him impatient with his children(我发现他很少对他的孩子们不耐烦) who ran around the yard playing happily. (2)No sooner had I got the chance to explain than(我一有机会解释) she rushed into the pouring rain. (3)You will never be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games. →Never will you be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.(倒装句)（应用文写作之建议信） B1U1 核心词汇全面攻破 1． access n．(接近的)方法；通路；进入；接触的机会；权利(常与to连用)；可接近性 vt.进入；使用 (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to　　拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入…… give access to 准许进入/接近…… have no access to 没有……的机会；无法接近 (2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的 be accessible to 可接近的；可使用的 (3)inaccessible adj. 难达到的；难接近的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Now that you haven't applied for an account, the website is not accessible(access) to you. ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. ③(2021·北京卷)Your application will be accessed(access) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. 完成句子 ④鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。 Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, where you can gain access to the best Chinese culture． ⑤我校体育馆对我们学生来说很方便，我们锻炼时能使用。 Our school stadium is accessible to us students, and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise. ⑥从中国书法到爱尔兰绘画，我们可以接触到各种美学杰作。(应用文写作之告知信) From Chinese calligraphy to Irish paintings, various aesthetic masterpieces are accessible to us.(access) ⑦(2022·浙江卷6月，应用文写作)在自习室，你可以使用免费Wi-Fi，这方便你做报告。 In the self-study room, you can access/get access to free Wi-Fi, making it convenient for you to give a presentation. [名师点津]　access前通常不加冠词，且短语access to和be accessible to中的to都是介词。 2． appointment n．约定；约会；预约；任命，委任　 (1)appoint vt.　　任命；委派；安排；确定(时间、地点) appoint sb.as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (2)make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 keep an appointment 守约 break an appointment 违约 (3)appointed adj. 约定的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①I regret to tell you that I can't travel to Nanjing with you at the appointed(appoint) time. ②I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the appointment(appoint) with you，and I will appoint my brother to meet(meet) you at the airport. 完成句子 ③他被任命为校长，不遗余力地在提升学校的教学质量。 Appointed as headmaster of the school，he spared no effort to improve its teaching quality. ④他已养成了守约的习惯，从不违约。 He has got into the habit of keeping an appointment and never breaks an appointment． 3． approval n．赞许；同意；批准　 (1)get one's approval　得到某人的同意 give one's approval to ... 同意/批准…… (2)approve vi. 赞成；同意 　vt. 批准；通过 approve sth. 批准某事 approve of (sb./one's) doing sth. 赞同/同意(某人)做某事 (3)approving adj. 赞同的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Most members don't approve of this suggestion. ②By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval (approve)． ③The new plan was approved (approve) at the meeting held last week. ④I approve of you trying (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. 补全句子/完成句子 ⑤My father gave his approval to me taking part in a party (同意我参加派对) to welcome my new classmates. ⑥如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文写作之感谢信) We would be grateful if you could approve of our proposal/ give your approval to our proposal． [名师点津]　表示“赞同/同意某人做某事”不可用approve sb. to do sth.，因为approve用作“同意；赞同”时是不及物动词，应用approve of sb./one's doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词-ing形式的复合结构。 4． ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的　 (1)shame n．　羞耻；遗憾的事 It's a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity! 真遗憾！ (2)be/feel ashamed of... 为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事 (3)shameful adj. 可耻的 shameless adj. 不知羞耻的 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①It is a shame that I made a couple of extremely silly mistakes in my class presentation. ②She was ashamed of making so many conflicts with her classmate Tom. ③I was once ashamed to admit(admit) my weakness，but now I have no such feeling. 完成句子 ④我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。 I was so ashamed that/ So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing (刺穿) my heart，tears clouding my eyes. ⑤我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说，我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧，这对我来说是一种耻辱。 I'm ashamed to say that I lied to her.In other words，I feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour，which is a shame to me． 5． associate v．使联合；联想，联系；与某人交往 n．同伴；伙伴　 (1)associate...with...　把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道 (2)be associated with... 和……有关 (3)association n. 协会；关联 in association with... 与……合作/有关联 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2023·北京卷)A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues (刺激) with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. ②Most positive emotions are associated (associate) with positive behaviour. ③His English improved enormously because of his association (associate) with British people. 完成句子 ④据报道有很多严重的健康问题是与抽烟有关的。 It is reported that there are many serious health problems associated with smoking/in association with smoking． ⑤参加活动前，父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人合作。 Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me to be in association with those thinking positively． ⑥在孩子们的眼中， 一提到夏天， 他们就会联想到游泳、冰激凌， 还有暑假。 In children's eyes， summer is always associated with swimming, ice cream and summer holidays. ⑦这次展览是由当地政府联合几位剪纸艺术家共同组织的。(话题写作之活动介绍) This exhibition was organised by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists． ⑧如果你和思想积极的人交往，你也会变得乐观起来。(应用文写作之建议信) If you associate with positive-thinking people，you will also become optimistic. 6． belong vt.应在(某处)；适应；属于　 (1)belong to　　属于；归属；为……的一员 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感 belongings n. 所有物；财产 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Having sold most of his belongings(belong), he almost had nothing left in the house. ②As is known to all, cultural relics belong to human beings rather than individuals. ③This is the laptop belonging(belong) to my nephew. 完成句子 ④正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们我才有了归属感。(倡导和谐人际关系) It is because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates that I feel a sense of belonging． ⑤每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力工作的人。 Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hard-working people． [名师点津]　belong to没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式。 7． complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉　 (1)complain (to sb.) about (doing) sth.　 (向某人)抱怨(做)某事 complain that... 抱怨…… (2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make a complaint(to sb.)about ... (向某人)抱怨…… [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①I feel it no use complaining(complain); instead, I should take action immediately. ②Several passengers complained to the air company about the bad service on the flight. ③Their main complaint(complain) is that the prices of a wide range of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days. 完成句子/补全句子 ④一些学生抱怨说，他们学校图书馆最新又有趣的图书不够多。 Some students complain/make a complaint that their school libraries don't have enough up-to-date interesting books. ⑤当我意识到抱怨没有意义的时候，我调整了我的学习方法，每当我遇到难题的时候就去向老师寻求帮助。 When I realized complaining made no sense, I adjusted my learning methods and turned to the teacher whenever I encountered difficult problems. ⑥I'm writing to complain to you about the bad service of your hotel (向你投诉你们宾馆服务差). ⑦只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的，因为我们都知道行动胜于言辞。 It's no use complaining without taking any action as we all know actions speak louder than words. 8． contrast n．差异，差别 v．形成对比；对比　 (1)make a contrast with...　　与……做对比 in contrast with/to... 与……对比起来，与……形成对比 by contrast 相比而言 (2)contrast...with/and... 把……与……相对比 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Most people work because it's unavoidable.By contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy working. ②This cold weather contrasts with last week's heat. ③If you contrast some of her early writing with/and her later work, you can see just how much she improved. ④In contrast with/to the past, it is much easier for people to get in touch with each other today. 完成句子 ⑤你会发现对比中西方文化是个好主意。 You will find it a good idea to contrast the eastern culture with the western culture． ⑥他是一个上了年纪的农民，他花白的头发与他黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。 He is an old farmer, whose grey hair makes a sharp contrast with/contrasts sharply with his dark skin. ⑦你认为你会失败，与你的想法相反，我相信你会成功。(应用文写作之安慰信) In contrast with/to your belief that you'll fail, I am confident that you'll succeed. 9． deadline n．最后期限，截止日期　 deadline for sth.　　某事的最后期限 set/establish a deadline 定下最后期限 meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按时完成 miss the deadline 延误期限 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①Monday is the deadline for handing in this essay. 完成句子 ②为了如期完工，我们让拖拉机日夜工作。 We had the tractor working day and night to meet the deadline． ③时间不多了。我们很可能会错过最后期限。 Time is running out. It's likely that we'll miss the deadline． ④如果你想为我们的报纸投稿，请在日期截止前把你的文章寄给我。 If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline． 10． desperate adj.不顾一切的；拼命的；绝望的；渴望的　 (1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事 in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……) (2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望 in desperation 绝望地 (3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①When news of her son's death reached her，she screamed in desperation (desperate), refusing to believe it. ②Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he is desperate for fame. ③(2023·浙江卷)It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately (desperate) trying to escape. 完成句子 ④看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。 Seeing the result of the exam，so desperate was I that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness． ⑤父亲的反应让我非常惊讶，我想知道他怎么能如此镇静。 My father's reaction astonished me.I was desperate to know how he could be so calm. ⑥我渴望提高英语口语，你能给我一些建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信) I am desperate to improve my spoken English. Can you give me some advice? [名师点津]　“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：①be eager for sth./to do sth.②be anxious for sth./to do sth.③long for sth./to do sth.④desire for sth./to do sth.⑤be dying for sth./to do sth. 11． grateful adj.感激的，感谢的　 (1)be grateful to sb. (for sth.)　 (因某事)感激某人 be grateful to do sth. 因做某事而感激 I would be grateful if you could do... 如果你能做……，我将感激不尽。 (2)gratitude n. 感激 with gratitude 感激地 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江卷6月，读后续写)These seemingly-rude homeless people looked at me with gratitude(grateful) and obviously, they were grateful to me for the food I had distributed to them. In reality, I was also grateful to do(do) my part to help the homeless. 完成句子 ②如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我会很感激的。(应用文写作之求助信) I'd be quite grateful if you could spend some time going through my application form and making some changes. 12． lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西　 (1)lack sth.　缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态) lack for 需要，需求 (2)(a)lack of ... 缺乏…… for/through lack of 因缺乏…… (3)lacking adj. 缺少的(不可置于名词前) be lacking in sth. 缺少某物 [应用内化] 单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though lacking(lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. ②More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③In contrast to my reserved and sensitive niece，my nephew is lacking(lack) in motivation. 完成句子 ④健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise． ⑤尽管他缺乏经验，然而还是得到了工作。 Though he lacked experience / Although lacking in experience /Despite his lack of experience，he got the job. ⑥由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。 As she lacked confidence and experience/For lack of confidence and experience/ Lacking confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. ⑦(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)尽管他们缺乏烹饪经验，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。 Although they lacked cooking experience/ Lacking cooking experience，the twins still prepared an incredible breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(lack v．) [名师点津]　(1)lack作名词时常与介词of连用。 (2)lack作及物动词时，后面直接加宾语；作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用。 (3)lacking为形容词，但一般不放在名词前作定语，常与in连用。 B1U1 本单元核心素养自查 Ⅰ.单元词汇串记 请用本单元所学词汇的适当形式完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 grateful，lack，reality，depress，chase，complain，deadline I have a niece who is sensitive，outgoing and is passionate about organising all kinds of activities and a nephew who has a sense of humour but 1.lacks confidence. When they came to my house for the first time a couple of weeks ago，they were extremely 2.depressed that there was not a laptop in my house and barely did I socialize with others on social networking. It upset them that they had no access to Wi-Fi. In 3.reality，their reserved mother was desperate to send them to my house so that they would not associate with their online mates. Besides，they used to waste a lot of time 4.chasing after stimulation online. They were so distracted that they forgot the 5.deadline of their homework. Their parents constantly 6.complained about and obsessed over their behaviour.However，I found my nephew had an extraordinary preference for science fiction in contrast to other children，so I handled the problem from a practical and effective angle with the intention of fueling his interest. I promised that if he could give a presentation about the book he had read，I would buy another science fiction novel for him. After all，interest is the best motivation. My sister was sincerely 7.grateful to me and she thought it incredible that her son could pour into reading for hours. Ⅱ.一词多义无障碍 1．raise (1)With the improvement of people's living standard，some people form a habit of raising small or domestic animals as pets.C (2)New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.A (3)They do this either by providing things that are necessary，or by raising money or helping out in whatever possible way.D (4)I wonder how he actually dared to raise that ridiculous question.B 2．take up (1)Peter will take up his post as the receiver of the travel agency at the end of next month.C (2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off.D (3)Standing at the door of the restaurant，we tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.E (4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？B (5)He took up the umbrella from the ground and left.A Ⅲ.熟词生义猜的快 1．(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. A A．(尤指道路或河流的)拐弯，弯道 B．弯曲 C．弯腰 2．(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.B A．倾倒 B．不断涌向　 C．(雨)倾盆而下 3．If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day.C A．控制，操纵 B．搬动　 C．处理 4．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.A A．刺激 B．燃料　 C．食物，饮料 Ⅳ.核心词汇强化练 1．(2022·浙江卷1月)Above all, I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely(extreme) serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)Countries should team up with one another to work out practical(practice) plans regarding ocean protection. 3．The Student Association is organizing many physical activities，because health is associated with exercise.(associate) 4．With tears pouring(pour) down his cheeks, he watched the documentary film tracing the history of the ancient town. 5．Upon reaching his hometown in the distance, the politician expressed a preference(prefer) for the unique scenery. 6．Tom has been appointed as chairman of the Student Association and I will write a letter to congratulate him on his appointment(appoint)． 7．Now educators(educate) are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. 8．The resident physician often complains about his working conditions and I'm tired of his complaints．(complain) 9．It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness．(rude) 10．In desperation(desperate), she called Louise and asked for her help. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$