专题 4 定语从句【考点清单】-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

定语从句 语法精讲 一、1、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 2、关系词的作用包括： 1)放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接（主句和从句）作用； 2)在从句中充当一定的成分； 3)在从句中替代先行词，并与先行词保持人称和数的一致。 3、引导定语从句的常用关系词及其用法如下表： 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人、物或事 主语、宾语 关系副词 When 时间名词 时间状语 Where 地点名词 地点状语 Why 原因名词 原因状语 二、关系词的用法 （一）关系代词的用法 关系代词指代的是先行词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时，常省略；如果关系代词作介词的宾语且介词提到关系代词的前面时，关系代词不能省略。 1、 who、whom的用法 都用于指人，who在定语从句中作主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略），whom作宾语可省略，现代英语里，whom可以用who 代替 She is a girl (who is beautiful.)（作主语） The students (who don’t study hard )will not pass the exam.（作主语） The woman (whom/who you saw in the park) is our English teacher.（作宾语可省略） 特别提示： 在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后，只能用whom，不能用who Yesterday I came across the man (about whom you talked last time.)（作宾语不可省略） 2、 which的用法 which一般指物，在句中作主语、宾语等，作主语时不可省略，宾语可省略。 This is the book (which you are looking for.) （作宾语可省略） Football is a game (which is liked by most boys.)（作主语） This is the book (which I bought yesterday.)（作宾语可省略） The river (which runs through the centre of the city) brings us lots of pleasure.（作主语） 3、that 可指人指物。指人时可与who/whom互换，指物时可与which互换。在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略，作介词的宾语时，介词不可提到that之前，若介词提前则必须用which或whom替代。 Mary likes music (that is quiet and gentle).（that指物，=which, 作主语） The coat (that I put on the desk) is blue. （that指物，=which, 作宾语） The boy (that visited our school yesterday) is from England.（that指人，=who, 作主语） He is the man (that I visited last week). （that指人，=who/whom, 作宾语） 4、 whose的用法 既可指人也可指物，在从句中只能作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格，它 可以转化为“the +名词+of which/whom”和“of which/whom+the +名词”的形式。 The house (whose roof is very solid )was built by my father.（作定语） The house (the roof of which is very solid )was built by my father. The house (of which the roof is very solid )was built by my father. 5、 as的用法 当先行词前有as、so、such或the same等修饰，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语的关系代词用as， as既可指人又可指物 We need such material (as is being used in your factory.)（作主语） I never heard such stories (as he told).（作宾语） He’ll repeat such questions (as are discussed in the book).（作主语） He is not the same man( as he was).（作表语） 注意：the same…as(代词)…，表示两物相似 同类不同物； the same…that(代词)…, 表示两物同一物。 This is the same pen as I used yesterday.这是和我昨天用的一样的钢笔。 This is the same pen that I used yesterday.这是我昨天用过的那支钢笔。 特别提示： 1.关系词that和which 都可以指物，多数情况可以互换，但以下情况只能用that： 1） 先行词是all, much, few, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, some, the one等不定代词时。 We should do everything that is useful to the people. 2）先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等修饰 或被 the only, the very, the same, the last, the right,just等限定词修饰时 This is the very book that I want. This is the same bike that I lost. 3）先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 The first thing (that we should do) is to work out a plan. 4）先行词既指人又指物时 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that I saw in the room.) 5）当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the man that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的的那个人是谁？ Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？ 2、宜用which不用that的情况 1) 当关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时 This is the house in which I used to live. 2) 当引导非限制性定语从句时 The plane landed safely, which made us very happy. （二）关系副词的用法 关系副词主要有when, where, why,在定语从句中作状语，一般不可省略。关系副词有时可用“介词+关系代词”来替代（why常相当于for which），介词取决于先行词及“介词+which”在从句中的作用。 1、 when指时间，其先行词通常是time, day, week, year等时间名词，在句中作时间状语。 I’ll never forget the day (when/on which we worked together in London.) I still remember the time (when/during which I first became a college student.) 2、where指地点，其先行词通常是place, spot, street, house, city等地点名词，在句中作地点状语。例如： This is the hotel (where/at which they are staying). This is the house (where/in which I lived two years ago). 特别提示： 当先行词是point，case，degree，position，activity，job，atmosphere，situation，stage 等抽象地点名词时，可以用关系副词where来引导。 Teaching is a job (where you are doing something serious but interesting.) 3、why 指原因，其先行词通常只能是reason，在句中作原因状语。 Do you know the reason why/ for which he was absent? Do you know the reason which/ that may explain his absence? That was not the reason that/which/不填he gave the other day. 三、“介词+关系代词”的用法 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，如果指人，用“介词+whom”；如果指物，用“介词+which”。 1、 “介词+关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法 1） 根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词 The witness (to whom the policeman referred) was killed last night. Yesterday we visited the West Lake (for which Hangzhou is famous). 2)根据定语从句先行词确定 I don’t know the reason (for which he was late for school). I’ll never forget the time (during which I spent my childhood in the countryside) . 1) 根据所表达的意思来确定 The colourless gas(without which we cannot live )is called oxygen. 特别提示：若介词与从句中的动词为固定短语，介词提前将失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。 如：call on, hear from, look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等 This is the girl that / which you are looking for. The patient who/whom /that the nurse is looking after is her father. The issues that /which we should pay attention to are stressed again in the meeting. There are two babies who/whom/that we must take good care of. 总结: “三步法”玩转定语从句 第一步：找出先行词 第二步：还原先行词 (还原到后面的定语从句中，并分析其所充当的成分。) 第三步：选择先行词 先行词是人，作主语用who /that，作宾语用 whom /that，作定语用whose. 先行词是物，作主语、宾语都用that/which, 作定语用 whose. 先行词是物(时间、地点、原因)，作状语用 when\where\why, 作主语、宾语都用that/which. 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．Lin Qiaozhi was a doctor _________ became a specialist in women’s illnesses. A．whom B．who C．which D．what 2．This cafe has a relaxing, homelike atmosphere ________ the majority of other cafes are short of. A．where B．which C．when D．as 3．The public blame the accident on the ease ________ weapons can be easily accessed. A．to what B．with what C．to which D．with which 4．The mystery centers on a Hollywood photographer, ________ disappears from an English village ________ is home to many writers and artists. A．who; that B．不填；which C．whom; where D．who; where 5．The silence in the room gave rise to a curious situation ________ we were all at a loss what to do next. A．which B．where C．that D．why 6．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may give us ideas for great inventions. A．what B．where C．which D．whom 7．He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______he is likely to lose control over the plane. A．where B．which C．while D．why 8．The movie ______ we watched last night, which received many reviews, was really exciting and kept us on the edge of our seats. A．that B．which one C．whose D．Whichever 9．She has a friend ______ brother is a famous actor known for his roles in action movies. A．whose B．which C．his D．which 10．This is the restaurant ____ we had dinner last week, and the food was absolutely delicious. A．that B．at which C．where D．what 11．The students _____ are preparing for the exam in the library every evening seem to be very focused. A．whom B．that C．those D．they 12．This is the most interesting way _________ I can come up with to interact with the audience. A．that B．who C．which D．how 13．He is one of those people _________ everybody will find _________ hard to please. A．that; being B．which; to be C．who; is D．whom; / 14．I’m very grateful to the boy _________ bright smile gave me so much pleasure. A．whose B．which C．where D．when 15．Historic events inform us of past mistakes _________ we can learn something without repeating them. A．for whom B．an which C．with whom D．from which 16．Mr. Jackson is a generous man ________ you can turn for help at any time. A．to which B．for which C．for whom D．to whom 17．— What do you think of artificial intelligence, Alice? — I find it amazing and revolutionary. It is a field __________ you are constantly exploring the boundaries of technology and opening up new worlds. A．where B．which C．when D．that 18．China’s Zheng Qinwen reached the US Open quarter-finals for a second time with victory over Donna Vekic ________ she also defeated in the Paris Olympics. A．which B．whom C．where D．when 19．The man _____ is talking to our teacher is my father. He came to pick me up after school and happened to meet my teacher. A．where B．who C．what D．which 20．The man ______ job is a lawyer lives in the apartment above ours. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 21．The store ______ sells children’s clothes is at the end of the street. A．whom B．不填 C．whose D．which 22．In the busy world ________ we live in, we all need a relaxing holiday. A．what B．that C．when D．where 23．The very $31 billion _________ Facebook Inc. is paying for a smartphone application made jaws drop, even in Silicon Valley. A．which B．what C．that D．whose 24．My cousin has the ball ______ was used during last year’s championship. A．whose B．that 25．Parents are supposed to create an atmosphere _____ their children can enjoy learning. A．which B．where C．when D．that 26．Jack is really a kind-hearted boy __________ advice is always helpful. A．whose B．which C．who D．that 27．Do you know the man __________ is sitting under the tree? A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 28．Sales director is a position ______ interaction technique is just as vital as sales competence. A．where B．which C．what D．as 29．This is the first book __________ I have read this year. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 30．Lucy is a good listener with __________ I enjoy sharing moments of my life. A．who B．her C．that D．whom 31．You can be crazy about the madness of a language _________ an alarm is only heard once it goes off. A．with which B．in which C．what D．when 32．The comprehensive treatment will persist until the patient successfully reaches the milestone ________ he demonstrates significant improvements in both mobility and stability. A．where B．which C．that D．after 33．All ______ is needed is a cup of tea. A．it B．that C．what D．which 34．What he presented just now is the very case ______ I want to introduce to you. A．where B．when C．which D．that 35．Friends love to get together and talk about the days ________ they spent together. A．when B．which C．who D．what 36．Ms. Yao is a patient teacher ______ I have the greatest respect and she is popular with the students. A．who B．to which C．whom D．for whom 37．The place ________ you visited during your holiday is where I used to live for years. A．that B．where C．in which D．to which 38．She really enjoyed her homestay there ______ she made a lot of friends. A．when B．where C．which D．that 39．Unfortunately, there wasn’t a single person in sight, ______ she could turn for help. A．to who B．to whom C．on who D．on whom 40．Life is a constant match ______ the greatest opponent (对手) is yourself. A．that B．whose C．where D．when 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 定语从句 语法精讲 一、1、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 2、关系词的作用包括： 1)放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接（主句和从句）作用； 2)在从句中充当一定的成分； 3)在从句中替代先行词，并与先行词保持人称和数的一致。 3、引导定语从句的常用关系词及其用法如下表： 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人、物或事 主语、宾语 关系副词 When 时间名词 时间状语 Where 地点名词 地点状语 Why 原因名词 原因状语 二、关系词的用法 （一）关系代词的用法 关系代词指代的是先行词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时，常省略；如果关系代词作介词的宾语且介词提到关系代词的前面时，关系代词不能省略。 1、 who、whom的用法 都用于指人，who在定语从句中作主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略），whom作宾语可省略，现代英语里，whom可以用who 代替 She is a girl (who is beautiful.)（作主语） The students (who don’t study hard )will not pass the exam.（作主语） The woman (whom/who you saw in the park) is our English teacher.（作宾语可省略） 特别提示： 在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后，只能用whom，不能用who Yesterday I came across the man (about whom you talked last time.)（作宾语不可省略） 2、 which的用法 which一般指物，在句中作主语、宾语等，作主语时不可省略，宾语可省略。 This is the book (which you are looking for.) （作宾语可省略） Football is a game (which is liked by most boys.)（作主语） This is the book (which I bought yesterday.)（作宾语可省略） The river (which runs through the centre of the city) brings us lots of pleasure.（作主语） 3、that 可指人指物。指人时可与who/whom互换，指物时可与which互换。在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略，作介词的宾语时，介词不可提到that之前，若介词提前则必须用which或whom替代。 Mary likes music (that is quiet and gentle).（that指物，=which, 作主语） The coat (that I put on the desk) is blue. （that指物，=which, 作宾语） The boy (that visited our school yesterday) is from England.（that指人，=who, 作主语） He is the man (that I visited last week). （that指人，=who/whom, 作宾语） 4、 whose的用法 既可指人也可指物，在从句中只能作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格，它 可以转化为“the +名词+of which/whom”和“of which/whom+the +名词”的形式。 The house (whose roof is very solid )was built by my father.（作定语） The house (the roof of which is very solid )was built by my father. The house (of which the roof is very solid )was built by my father. 5、 as的用法 当先行词前有as、so、such或the same等修饰，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语的关系代词用as， as既可指人又可指物 We need such material (as is being used in your factory.)（作主语） I never heard such stories (as he told).（作宾语） He’ll repeat such questions (as are discussed in the book).（作主语） He is not the same man( as he was).（作表语） 注意：the same…as(代词)…，表示两物相似 同类不同物； the same…that(代词)…, 表示两物同一物。 This is the same pen as I used yesterday.这是和我昨天用的一样的钢笔。 This is the same pen that I used yesterday.这是我昨天用过的那支钢笔。 特别提示： 1.关系词that和which 都可以指物，多数情况可以互换，但以下情况只能用that： 1） 先行词是all, much, few, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, some, the one等不定代词时。 We should do everything that is useful to the people. 2）先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等修饰 或被 the only, the very, the same, the last, the right,just等限定词修饰时 This is the very book that I want. This is the same bike that I lost. 3）先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 The first thing (that we should do) is to work out a plan. 4）先行词既指人又指物时 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that I saw in the room.) 5）当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the man that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的的那个人是谁？ Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？ 2、宜用which不用that的情况 1) 当关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时 This is the house in which I used to live. 2) 当引导非限制性定语从句时 The plane landed safely, which made us very happy. （二）关系副词的用法 关系副词主要有when, where, why,在定语从句中作状语，一般不可省略。关系副词有时可用“介词+关系代词”来替代（why常相当于for which），介词取决于先行词及“介词+which”在从句中的作用。 1、 when指时间，其先行词通常是time, day, week, year等时间名词，在句中作时间状语。 I’ll never forget the day (when/on which we worked together in London.) I still remember the time (when/during which I first became a college student.) 2、where指地点，其先行词通常是place, spot, street, house, city等地点名词，在句中作地点状语。例如： This is the hotel (where/at which they are staying). This is the house (where/in which I lived two years ago). 特别提示： 当先行词是point，case，degree，position，activity，job，atmosphere，situation，stage 等抽象地点名词时，可以用关系副词where来引导。 Teaching is a job (where you are doing something serious but interesting.) 3、why 指原因，其先行词通常只能是reason，在句中作原因状语。 Do you know the reason why/ for which he was absent? Do you know the reason which/ that may explain his absence? That was not the reason that/which/不填he gave the other day. 三、“介词+关系代词”的用法 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，如果指人，用“介词+whom”；如果指物，用“介词+which”。 1、 “介词+关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法 1） 根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词 The witness (to whom the policeman referred) was killed last night. Yesterday we visited the West Lake (for which Hangzhou is famous). 2)根据定语从句先行词确定 I don’t know the reason (for which he was late for school). I’ll never forget the time (during which I spent my childhood in the countryside) . 1) 根据所表达的意思来确定 The colourless gas(without which we cannot live )is called oxygen. 特别提示：若介词与从句中的动词为固定短语，介词提前将失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。 如：call on, hear from, look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等 This is the girl that / which you are looking for. The patient who/whom /that the nurse is looking after is her father. The issues that /which we should pay attention to are stressed again in the meeting. There are two babies who/whom/that we must take good care of. 总结: “三步法”玩转定语从句 第一步：找出先行词 第二步：还原先行词 (还原到后面的定语从句中，并分析其所充当的成分。) 第三步：选择先行词 先行词是人，作主语用who /that，作宾语用 whom /that，作定语用whose. 先行词是物，作主语、宾语都用that/which, 作定语用 whose. 先行词是物(时间、地点、原因)，作状语用 when\where\why, 作主语、宾语都用that/which. 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．Lin Qiaozhi was a doctor _________ became a specialist in women’s illnesses. A．whom B．who C．which D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：林巧稚是一名医生，后来成为女性疾病的专家。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词doctor，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，B项的关系代词who可作引导词。故选B。 2．This cafe has a relaxing, homelike atmosphere ________ the majority of other cafes are short of. A．where B．which C．when D．as 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家咖啡馆有一种轻松、像家一样的氛围，这是大多数其他咖啡馆所缺乏的。分析句子，此处的先行词是a relaxing, homelike atmosphere，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用which/that。故选B项。 3．The public blame the accident on the ease ________ weapons can be easily accessed. A．to what B．with what C．to which D．with which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公众将事故归咎于武器容易获取。access to可进入；可使用。句中先行词为ease，在定语从句中作介词to的宾语，所以用介词to +which引导定语从句。故选C。 4．The mystery centers on a Hollywood photographer, ________ disappears from an English village ________ is home to many writers and artists. A．who; that B．不填；which C．whom; where D．who; where 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个谜团围绕着一位好莱坞摄影师，他在一个住着许多作家和艺术家的英国村庄中消失了。第一个空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a Hollywood photographer，指人，在从句中作主语，故用who；第二个空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词an English village，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故用that。故选A。 5．The silence in the room gave rise to a curious situation ________ we were all at a loss what to do next. A．which B．where C．that D．why 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：房间里一片寂静，造成了一种奇怪的局面，我们都不知道下一步该怎么办。句中先行词为situation，关系词指代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B。 6．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may give us ideas for great inventions. A．what B．where C．which D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能会给我们伟大发明的灵感。句中先行词为The little problems ，在定语从句中作宾语，指物，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故选C。 7．He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______he is likely to lose control over the plane. A．where B．which C．while D．why 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他让自己陷入了危险的境地，在这种境地下，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situation，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。 8．The movie ______ we watched last night, which received many reviews, was really exciting and kept us on the edge of our seats. A．that B．which one C．whose D．whichever 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们昨晚看的那部电影，评论很多，真的很刺激，让我们坐不住。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the movie作从句的宾语，表示物，可以用关系代词that引导从句。故选A。 9．She has a friend ______ brother is a famous actor known for his roles in action movies. A．whose B．which C．his D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她有一个朋友，这个朋友的哥哥是一位以出演动作电影而闻名的著名演员。根据句子结构，空处需要一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词friend。whose用于指代人的所有关系，作brother定语。故选A。 10．This is the restaurant ____ we had dinner last week, and the food was absolutely delicious. A．that B．at which C．where D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我们上周吃晚饭的那家餐厅，那里的食物非常美味。先行词为the restaurant，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故选C。 11．The students _____ are preparing for the exam in the library every evening seem to be very focused. A．whom B．that C．those D．they 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每天晚上在图书馆备考的学生似乎都很专注。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the students，先行词作从句的主语，表示人，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故选B。 12．This is the most interesting way _________ I can come up with to interact with the audience. A．that B．who C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我能想到的与观众互动的最有趣的方式。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词way进行限定说明，从句中缺少宾语，且先行词way前有形容词最高级修饰，所以只能用关系代词that。故填A项。 13．He is one of those people _________ everybody will find _________ hard to please. A．that; being B．which; to be C．who; is D．whom; / 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是那种所有人都难以取悦的人之一。第一空引导定语从句，先行词为those people。在定语从句中，find sb.+adj.+to do...为固定句型，所以先行词在从句中作find的宾语，可用who或whom引导，第二空不填。把从句独立出来就是：Everybody will find those people hard to please. 故选D。 14．I’m very grateful to the boy _________ bright smile gave me so much pleasure. A．whose B．which C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常感谢那个男孩，他灿烂的笑容给了我如此多的快乐。空处引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词the boy，且作定语修饰bright smile，应用whose引导。故选A。 15．Historic events inform us of past mistakes _________ we can learn something without repeating them. A．for whom B．an which C．with whom D．from which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：历史事件告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不会重蹈覆辙。这里是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句。learn sth. from sth.意为“从……中学习……”，所以应用介词from。先行词为指物的past mistakes，所以关系词应用which。故选D。 16．Mr. Jackson is a generous man ________ you can turn for help at any time. A．to which B．for which C．for whom D．to whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：杰克逊先生是个慷慨的人，你可以随时向他求助。此处引导定语从句，turn to sb. for help为固定词组，意为“向某人求助”，介词后面接宾格形式，先行词为man，应用关系代词whom引导。故选D。 17．— What do you think of artificial intelligence, Alice? — I find it amazing and revolutionary. It is a field __________ you are constantly exploring the boundaries of technology and opening up new worlds. A．where B．which C．when D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你觉得人工智能怎么样，爱丽丝？——我觉得它令人惊叹且具有革命性。这是一个你不断探索技术边界并开启新世界的领域。此处考查定语从句的引导词，先行词是a field，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，表示“在这个领域中”，故选A。   18．China’s Zheng Qinwen reached the US Open quarter-finals for a second time with victory over Donna Vekic ________ she also defeated in the Paris Olympics. A．which B．whom C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：中国选手郑钦文第二次打入美国网球公开赛四分之一决赛，战胜了她在巴黎奥运会上曾击败的唐娜·维基奇。“she also defeated in the Paris Olympics”是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“Donna Vekic”。在定语从句中，“whom”用于指代人并作宾语。故选B。 19．The man _____ is talking to our teacher is my father. He came to pick me up after school and happened to meet my teacher. A．where B．who C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在和我们老师谈话的那个人是我父亲。他来接我放学，碰巧遇到了我的老师。“_____ is talking to our teacher”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The man，指人，空处引导定语从句并指代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故选B。 20．The man ______ job is a lawyer lives in the apartment above ours. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个做律师的人住在我们楼上的公寓里。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“man”，指人，在从句中作定语，“the man’s job is a lawyer”，故应用关系代词“whose”引导从句。故选D项。 21．The store ______ sells children’s clothes is at the end of the street. A．whom B．不填 C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：卖童装的商店在街道的尽头。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“store”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故选D项。 22．In the busy world ________ we live in, we all need a relaxing holiday. A．what B．that C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我们生活的繁忙世界里，我们都需要一个放松的假期。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为“world”，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which。where代替介词+名词，而从句中有介词in，所以不能选D。故选B项。 23．The very $31 billion _________ Facebook Inc. is paying for a smartphone application made jaws drop, even in Silicon Valley. A．which B．what C．that D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：脸书公司（Facebook Inc.）斥资310亿美元收购一款智能手机应用，就连硅谷的人都为之目瞪口呆。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，定语从句中缺少paying的宾语，且先行词被the very修饰，所以只能用关系代词that。故选C。 24．My cousin has the ball ______ was used during last year’s championship. A．whose B．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我表弟有去年冠军赛用过的球。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ball。先行词指物，且关系词在限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that引导该从句。故选B。 25．Parents are supposed to create an atmosphere _____ their children can enjoy learning. A．which B．where C．when D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：父母应该创造一种他们的孩子可以享受学习的氛围。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere“气氛”，先行词表示抽象地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导从句。故选B项。 26．Jack is really a kind-hearted boy __________ advice is always helpful. A．whose B．which C．who D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：杰克真是一个善良的男孩，他的建议总是很有帮助。空格处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，advice和先行词boy之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故选A。 27．Do you know the man __________ is sitting under the tree? A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识坐在树下的那个人吗？此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词the man指人，所以使用关系代词who。故选C项。 28．Sales director is a position ______ interaction technique is just as vital as sales competence. A．where B．which C．what D．as 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个互动技巧和销售能力一样重要的职位。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是position，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。 29．This is the first book __________ I have read this year. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我今年读的第一本书。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词book指的是物，且先行词被the first修饰，所以只能使用关系代词that。故选A项。 30．Lucy is a good listener with __________ I enjoy sharing moments of my life. A．who B．her C．that D．whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：露西是一个很好的倾听者，我喜欢和她分享我生活中的点点滴滴。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据share sth. with sb.意为“和某人分享某事”可知，先行词a good listener指人，所以此处使用关系代词whom。故选D项。 31．You can be crazy about the madness of a language _________ an alarm is only heard once it goes off. A．with which B．in which C．what D．when 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你可以对一种语言的疯狂着迷，这种语言中警报只有在响起时才被听到。空处引导限制性定语从句，定语从句的先行词是a language，先行词指物，关系词作介词in的宾语，故填in which。故选B。 32．The comprehensive treatment will persist until the patient successfully reaches the milestone ________ he demonstrates significant improvements in both mobility and stability. A．where B．which C．that D．after 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：综合治疗将持续进行，直到患者成功达到活动能力和稳定性都有显著改善的转折点。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词milestone“转折点，重要阶段”，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故选A。 33．All ______ is needed is a cup of tea. A．it B．that C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：所有需要的只是一杯茶。此题all为先行词，后面that is needed为that引导的定语从句，且作从句中的主语，由于all为不定代词，此时关系词不可用which，而what不可引导定语从句。故选B。 34．What he presented just now is the very case ______ I want to introduce to you. A．where B．when C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他刚才所介绍的正是我想要介绍给你们的那个案例。定语从句修饰先行词case，在从句作宾语，且由the very修饰，只能用that引导。故选D。 35．Friends love to get together and talk about the days ________ they spent together. A．when B．which C．who D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朋友们喜欢聚在一起，谈论他们在一起的日子。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the days，且在从句中作spent的宾语，所以应用which引导。故选B。 36．Ms. Yao is a patient teacher ______ I have the greatest respect and she is popular with the students. A．who B．to which C．whom D．for whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：姚老师是一位耐心的老师，我非常尊敬她，她很受学生的欢迎。分析句子可知，此处为介词for+关系代词whom引导的定语从句，先行词teacher在从句中作介词for的宾语成分，从句中，have respect for sb“尊敬……”为固定搭配，此处为介词for的前置。故选D项。 37．The place ________ you visited during your holiday is where I used to live for years. A．that B．where C．in which D．to which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你假期去的地方是我住了很多年的地方。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词The place ，为物，在从句中作visited的宾语，所以可用关系代词that或者which。故选A项。 38．She really enjoyed her homestay there ______ she made a lot of friends. A．when B．where C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：她真的很喜欢在那里的寄宿家庭，在那里她交了很多朋友。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作地点状语，先行词为her homestay，应用where。故选B。 39．Unfortunately, there wasn’t a single person in sight, ______ she could turn for help. A．to who B．to whom C．on who D．on whom 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不幸的是，她看不到一个可以求助的人。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句修饰先行词person，短语turn to sb. for help表示“寻求某人帮助”，作介词的宾语，指人，所以使用to whom。故选B。 40．Life is a constant match ______ the greatest opponent (对手) is yourself. A．that B．whose C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活是一场没有尽头的比赛，在这个比赛中最大的对手是你自己。根据句中结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是a constant match，空处在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$