期末模拟卷（一）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

2024-2025学年第一学期期末考试模拟卷（一） 高一试题(英语) 考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分 第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How much does the man need to pay? A．￥25. B．￥105. C．￥130. 2．Where does this conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．At a bus stop. C．At a restaurant. 3．What happened to the book? A．It was lost. B．It was taken by mistake. C．It fell on the ground. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．A sports meeting. B．A football match. C．A trip to Birmingham. 5．Why has the man come back? A．To study here. B．To take a job. C．To travel around. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Workmates. B．Roommates. C．Neighbors. 7．What does the woman think of the underground? A．It’s crowded. B．It’s convenient. C．It’s boring. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Which part of the man’s body is painful? A．The head. B．The arm. C．The back. 9．What day is it today? A．Monday. B．Tuesday. C．Friday. 10．When will the man go to see the doctor? A．At 8: 00 tomorrow morning. B．At 10: 00 tomorrow morning. C．At 4: 00 tomorrow afternoon. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What will the woman do with the money she earned? A．Save up for college. B．Shop for some books. C．Buy a new computer. 12．What do we know about the man’s work? A．He met nice people. B．He made much money. C．He worked long hours. 13．Where will the man probably work next time? A．At a shoe shop. B．At a bookshop. C．At a restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What does the woman say about the studio apartment? A．It’s in a good location. B．It allows pets to be in. C．It’s the cheapest one around. 15．How much does it cost to rent the studio apartment? A．$700 per month. B．$700 a year. C．$170 per month. 16．Where does the man want to live? A．In a three-­bedroom apartment. B．In a cheap apartment downtown. C．In a pet-­friendly building in the countryside. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is AV1 according to the speaker? A．A classroom robot. B．A smartphone. C．A rare illness. 18．What can we know about Anna? A．She is a student with illness. B．She has dropped out of school. C．She can’t get on well with her classmates. 19．Why does Anna use AV1? A．She wants to be a top student. B．She shows great interest in it. C．She is in very poor health. 20．What can Anna do by using AV1? A．Finish her schoolwork. B．Meet a friend face to face. C．Communicate with her classmates. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are four European music venues (举办场所) that are worth visiting. Dalhalla, Sweden The history of this place goes back about 360 million years. A meteorite (陨石) hit the ground and changed the land in this part of Sweden, about 280 kilometers from Stockholm. This place was once a quarry (采石场) where people dug out a lot of stone. The rock walls around the seats make the sound very good. Dalhalla has been used for concerts since 1993 and can hold up to 6,000 people. St Michael’s Fortress, Šibenik The music has to be good in Šibenik on the Croatian coast, because it would be easy to allow your eyes to look beyond the stage at the pretty islands lying in the bright blue of the Adriatic Sea below. This small open-air venue, which has space for a little more than 1,000 people, is inside the walls of the fortress (堡垒), which is hundreds of years old. St Michael’s Cave, Gibraltar Some underground venues may feel like caves but this venue in Gibraltar in the south of Spain is one in a real cave. Long fingers of rock look down from above, and colorful lights climb the sides of the cave, where 600 people can watch concerts and other events. The Arena of NÎmes In the center of this southern French city, this huge old arena can seat as many as 20,000 people. And every summer, a series of concerts called the Festival de Nimes bring musicians from across France and around the world to perform there. There aren’t many Roman buildings that are still in such good condition, so whether or not there’s a concert happening, it’s a place that’s worth a trip. 21．What can audience see besides enjoying a concert in Šibenik? A．Falling meteorites. B．Beautiful islands. C．Colorful lights. D．Roman buildings. 22．Which venue can hold the most people? A．Dalhalla. B．St Michael’s Fortress. C．St Michael’s Cave. D．The Arena of NÎmes. 23．What do the four venues have in common? A．They offer concerts and events. B．They own unique things. C．They stand in usual places. D．They have a long history. B Nature works like a big clock. Everything is arranged in order and interconnected. Every part has its place and its role. Take the wolf for example. As meat-eaters, wolves regulate the number of plant eaters so that they do not reproduce too many. All animals and plants are closely related in a system. The wolves remind me of a story from my childhood when my grandfather gave me an old clock. The first thing I did was take the clock apart to find out how it worked. Even though I was sure that I knew how to put it back together in working order, I couldn’t do it. After I rebuilt it, there were a few parts left over and a grandfather who was not in the best of moods. In the wild, wolves play the role of such parts. If we remove them, not only do the enemies of sheep and cattle disappear, but the system of nature also begins to run differently, so differently that rivers change course and many local bird species(物种) die out. And things can also go wrong when a species is added. For example, the introduction of a nonnative fish leads to a great decrease in the local deer population. Because of a fish? The earth’s ecosystems, it seems, are a bit too complex (复杂的) for us to draw up simple rules of cause and effect. Even protection work can have unexpected results. Who knew, for example, that recovering crane(鹤) populations in Europe would affect the production of Iberian ham? So it’s high time we took a good look at the interconnections between species both large and small. It’s important for us to realize that even small interventions(干预) can have huge influences, and we’d do better to keep our hands off everything in nature that we do not have to touch. 24．What does the underlined word “regulate” mean in paragraph 1? A．Control. B．Count. C．Record. D．Increase. 25．What does the author want to show with the story in paragraph 2? A．Curiosity kills the cat. B．Every part matters. C．Clocks are hard to rebuild. D．Grandfather’s love lasts. 26．Why can things also go wrong when a species is added? A．Local species will disappear soon. B．Rules of cause and effect are simple in nature. C．The interconnections in nature are complex. D．Protection projects are too hard to complete. 27．What does the author suggest people do? A．Pay more attention to small animals. B．Stay away from protection work. C．Take a new look at meat-eaters. D．Think twice before stepping in. C Most environmental pollution on Earth comes from humans and their inventions, such as cars or plastic (塑料). Today, car emissions (排放物) are a major source of air pollution leading to climate change, and plastics fill our ocean, creating a  health issue to marine (海洋的) animals. And what about the electric light, thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time? Electric light can be a beautiful thing, guiding us home when the sun goes down, keeping us safe and making our homes bright. However, like carbon dioxide emissions and plastic, too much of a good thing has started to influence the environment. Light pollution, the unsuitable use of outdoor light, is affecting human health, wildlife behavior and our ability to observe stars. Light pollution is a global problem. This became obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a digital map based on thousands of satellite (卫星) photos, was published in 2016. Online for viewing, the map shows how and where our globe is lit up at night. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote regions (偏远地区) on Earth (Greenland, Central African Republic and Niue) are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted countries in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait. Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because of the electric lights of cars, street lamps, offices, factories, outdoor advertising, and buildings, turning night into day for people who work and play long after sunset. People living in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time seeing more than a handful of stars at night. Astronomers (天文学家) are concerned with sky glow pollution as it reduces their ability to view stars. They are running out of places on Earth to set up observatories, as even the most remote locations are witnessing a reduction in the darkness of night skies. 28．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．The use of outdoor light must be stopped. B．Electric light has both advantages and disadvantages. C．Electric light is the main reason to keep us safe. D．Electric light is the greatest human invention. 29．Which of the following places is least affected by sky glow? A．Qatar. B．Singapore. C．Kuwait. D．Niue. 30．Why do astronomers especially complain about sky glow? A．They can’t afford to set up observatories. B．Sky glow has a bad effect on their life. C．Sky glow make their work challenging. D．Sky glow wastes too much electricity. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Shadows of Progress: The Dark Side of Electric Light B．Beyond the Glow: Understanding Light Effects C．A World Develop Too Fast: The Challenge of Pollution D．A Global Problem: Plastics and Emissions D Everyone has their own way to “recharge” their sense of well-being — something that makes them feel good physically, emotionally, and spiritually even if they aren’t consciously aware of it. Personally, I know that few things can improve my day as quickly as a walk around the block or even just getting up from my desk and doing some push-ups. A hike through the woods is ideal when I can make it happen. But that’s me. It’s not simply that I enjoy these activities but also that they make me feel better and clear my mind. Mental health and physical health are closely connected. No kidding — what’s good for the body is often good for the mind. Knowing that what you can do physically has this effect for you will change your day and your life. Physical activity has many mental health benefits. These have been published in the journal Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and include improved brain health and cognitive function — the ability to think, if you will, a reduced risk of tension and worry, improved sleep and overall quality of life. Although not a cure for all, increasing physical activity directly contributes to improved mental health and better overall health and well-being. Learning how to manage stress and getting screened for depression are simply good prevention practices in daily life. Awareness is especially important at this time of year, when disruptions to healthy habits and choices can be more likely and more annoying. Shorter days and colder temperatures have a way of breaking up the normal life — as do the holidays, with both their joys and their stresses. When the rich sunshine and clear skies of temperate(温和的) months give way to terrible weather, less daylight, and festive gatherings, it may happen unconsciously or seem natural to be less physically active. However, that tendency is just why it’s so important that we are ever more mindful of our physical and emotional health and how we can maintain both at this time of year. 32．What is the author’s regular way of “recharging” his well-being? A．Working out in a gym. B．Staying and doing nothing. C．Hiking in the woods. D．Slight exercise. 33．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The importance of good sleep. B．The ways to improve brain health. C．The mental health benefits of physical activity. D．The bond between mental health and physical health. 34．What does the underlined word “disruption” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Achievement. B．Destruction. C．Advantage. D．Development. 35．Why does the author mention shorter days, colder temperatures and festivals? A．To persuade us to enjoy our current lives. B．To show useful advice on keeping healthy. C．To describe unexpected things in our lives. D．To remind us to care about well-being anytime. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, you will see people, mostly men wearing T-shirts, sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade, playing a game with large round disks of wood. 36 Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess, there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China. 37 And in the 20th century both Sun Yat-sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game. And, though it may look quite a bit different from Western chess, Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do and how the game is played. Like Western chess, the object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. 38 Unlike Western chess, instead of placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines. Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board, which the elephants cannot cross. 39 This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life-or-death war. The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor (隐喻) referring to any boundary between two opposing armies. When the Chinese people today see this name on the board, the battle scenes come to their mind, as though they are surrounded by thick smoke, able to hear the beating of war drums. 40 A．Several sayings related to Xiangqi are in common use in China today. B．The game is called Xiangqi, a game of ordinary people. C．An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.. D．During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew. E．That is how to play Xiangqi and why Chinese people like it. F．It is called “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” G．Actually, in Xiangqi he is just a general. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, 30-year-old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds. She’s the first 41 ever to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 10 minutes. A marathon is a 42 race, covering 42.195 kilometers. Runners must not only be fast, but keep their 43 up over a very long distance. Chepngetich is no 44 to success in Chicago. She had already 45 the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022. Her 2022 time of 2: 14: 18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women’s history. This year, she 46 even higher, focusing on breaking the world record. Chepngetich ran fast 47 , finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes. By 30. kilometers, she was nearly two minutes ahead of her 48 competitor, Sutume Kebede of Ethiopia. 49 , Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon, she was running 50 the fastest men in the race. Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her, 51 many people who thought a marathon time of under 2: 10 was impossible for a woman. “I’m very 52 myself,” Chepngetich said. She 53 $100,000 for winning the race, and a(n) 54 $50,000 for setting a new record. In the men’s race, John Korir of Kenya won with a time of 2:02:44, 55 by Ethiopia’ s Mohamed Esa (2:04:39). 41．A．human B．African C．athlete D．female 42．A．hard B．strange C．new D．funny 43．A．patience B．adventure C．speed D．balance 44．A．competitor B．stranger C．partner D．expert 45．A．watched B．contacted C．introduced D．won 46．A．aimed B．jumped C．climbed D．achieved 47．A．from the start B．as usual C．once again D．in the meanwhile 48．A．youngest B．tallest C．closest D．smartest 49．A．Obviously B．Naturally C．Impressively D．Luckily 50．A．against B．alongside C．without D．towards 51．A．satisfying B．disappointing C．frightening D．surprising 52．A．curious about B．proud of C．interested in D．responsible for 53．A．borrowed B．saved C．donated D．earned 54．A．extra B．unique C．free D．economic 55．A．mastered B．inspired C．admired D．followed 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese food and the differences between Chinese and Western diets are both things that cause the curiosity of most people who visit China. Moreover, when 56 (travel) through China, you’ll most likely pick up on a few differences in the way of eating food. For instance, soup in the West 57 (enjoy) generally as an appetizer (开胃菜), while the Chinese prefer to enjoy their soup at the end of a meal. You might also notice some distinct differences in meal preparation and cooking techniques. Therefore, cooking classes are becoming an 58 (increase) popular activity among those interested in learning more about China’s culture through its cuisine. If you’re looking to take it a step 59 (far), keep an eye out for cooking classes 60 (hold) by residents in their own homes. 61 it comes to traditional Chinese games, the Chinese have always been sociable people. Despite the country’s super technological advancement and the increasing 62 (popular) of personal electronic devices, the majority of Chinese would rather spend time socializing with others than sit alone at home. From popular board games like Go (围棋) and Chinese chess to kids’ games like Chinese jump rope, China offers 63 (vary) options to keep people busy. Most locals are more than happy to share their traditions 64 foreign visitors, so don’t be shy to ask the next time you go for 65 walk through the park. 第四部分写作(共两节满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．假定你是李华，得知你的笔友Bob在学校经常不吃饭，以零食代替正餐，你担心他的身体健康和学习受到影响，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.不吃饭的危害； 2.你的建议。 注意： 1.词数应为100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One sunny day, Alex, a young boy, was walking home from school when he noticed something unusual. A small, scruffy (邋遢的) dog was sitting alone by the side of the road, its eyes full of fear and confusion. The poor dog looked lost and hungry. Alex felt a sense of empathy (同情) in his heart as he walked towards the dog slowly, offering it a piece of his sandwich. The moment the dog cautiously took the food from his hand, Alex’s heart melted. He could see that the dog was alone and scared, and he knew he couldn’t just leave it there. Without a second thought, Alex decided to take the dog home. He carefully hid the dog in the garage, hoping his father wouldn’t find out. For days, Alex spent all his spare time in the garage, playing with the dog. He named the dog Max, and they quickly became close friends. Their bond grew stronger day by day as they shared countless adventures together. Max brought so much joy into Alex’s life. One day, Alex’s father discovered their secret. He was surprised and told the boy to put Max back on the street, thinking it was for the best. With a heavy heart, Alex did as he was told. He left Max at the park, hoping that someone else would find him and give him a loving home. But as he walked away, his heart ached with sadness, tears welling up in his eyes. Alex was heartbroken. He missed Max terribly and found it hard to focus on anything else. His grades started to slip (下滑), and he became quiet and silent. His usual cheerfulness had disappeared, replaced by deep sadness that seemed to swallow him whole. Seeing this, his father realized how much Max meant to Alex. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。     The father decided to bring Max back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________     The boy took full responsibility for Max. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2024-2025学年第一学期期末考试模拟卷（一） 高一试题(英语) 考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分 第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How much does the man need to pay? A．￥25. B．￥105. C．￥130. 【答案】C 【原文】M: I will take the white sweater and the blue T-shirt. How much are they? W: The sweater is ￥105 and the T-shirt is ￥25. 2．Where does this conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．At a bus stop. C．At a restaurant. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I’m in a hurry to leave. The bus is about to arrive. Can you help me wash the dishes? M: Sure, Mom． 3．What happened to the book? A．It was lost. B．It was taken by mistake. C．It fell on the ground. 【答案】C 【原文】M: I’ve got some bad news about the book you lent me. W: What’s that? M: I accidentally dropped it on the ground on my way home, and its cover was broken. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．A sports meeting. B．A football match. C．A trip to Birmingham. 【答案】B 【原文】M: You went to the game yesterday? How was it? W: Terrible! In the first half Birmingham only kicked the ball three or four times! Really bad. 5．Why has the man come back? A．To study here. B．To take a job. C．To travel around. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Hi, Alex. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have you been? M: I studied in Canada for two years and then traveled around Europe. Now, I’m back to work here． 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Workmates. B．Roommates. C．Neighbors. 7．What does the woman think of the underground? A．It’s crowded. B．It’s convenient. C．It’s boring. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】M: Betty, glad to see you here. I didn’t know you took the underground. W: Yeah, but not usually. It’s just that I’m bored with driving, and the buses are crowded. So I thought I’d give this a try. M: Actually, taking the underground is wonderful! From the Scott Street station, it’s only a block away from our office. And the 52nd Street station is only two blocks away from my flat. W: Exactly! And they leave every 10 minutes, so if I miss one, I don’t have to wait long for another． 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Which part of the man’s body is painful? A．The head. B．The arm. C．The back. 9．What day is it today? A．Monday. B．Tuesday. C．Friday. 10．When will the man go to see the doctor? A．At 8: 00 tomorrow morning. B．At 10: 00 tomorrow morning. C．At 4: 00 tomorrow afternoon. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．A 【原文】W: Dr Castle’s Office. May I help you? M: Good afternoon! I’d like to see the doctor as soon as possible, please. W: Certainly. What’s your name, please? M: It’s Rodney Cook. I fell off my bicycle this morning. Luckily I didn’t hit the head. I got a small cut on my arm - nothing serious, but it’s my back! It hurts a lot. W: I see. The doctor will be available tomorrow, Tuesday, or let’s see, Friday. M: Friday is too late. Tomorrow, please. W: Right... Eight o’clock in the morning. Is that OK? M: Perfect. Thank you. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What will the woman do with the money she earned? A．Save up for college. B．Shop for some books. C．Buy a new computer. 12．What do we know about the man’s work? A．He met nice people. B．He made much money. C．He worked long hours. 13．Where will the man probably work next time? A．At a shoe shop. B．At a bookshop. C．At a restaurant. 【答案】11．C 12．C 13．B 【原文】M: Hi, Linda. What did you do during the summer? W: I had a job in a shop and I loved it. It was a shoe shop in the town centre. I had to work long hours but I met nice people and I made some money. I will use it to buy a new computer when I go to college next year. M: Wow, that’s great. You’ve begun to make preparations for the future college life. Hopefully, we’ll still study together. W: I hope so. Well, how did you spend your summer? M: I worked in a restaurant, but I didn’t like it. I had to work from 10 am to 10 pm and it made me tired. W: Why don’t you find a job in the bookshop? It’s easy. And you love reading, don’t you? M: Yeah, maybe I can try it next time. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What does the woman say about the studio apartment? A．It’s in a good location. B．It allows pets to be in. C．It’s the cheapest one around. 15．How much does it cost to rent the studio apartment? A．$700 per month. B．$700 a year. C．$170 per month. 16．Where does the man want to live? A．In a three-­bedroom apartment. B．In a cheap apartment downtown. C．In a pet-­friendly building in the countryside. 【答案】14．B 15．A 16．B 【原文】M: Hey, Sarah. I’m having some trouble finding an apartment. Can you help me look at some listings online? W: Sure. What kind of apartment are you looking for? M: Well, it has to be cheap. I don’t want a really expensive apartment. W: Look at this listing! It says there is a studio apartment for rent, and it’s only $700 per month. What do you think? M: Well, I think I can afford that apartment. But are pets allowed? And where is the apartment located? W: Hmm...let me look. Yes, it says it’s a pet­-friendly building. But it’s far away from the city center. M: It’s far away from the city center? Well, even though that sounds like a steal, I really want something downtown． W: OK. Well, the problem is that the apartments in the heart of the city are usually more expensive． M: I know that’s my problem. What do you think I should do? W: Well, maybe you could get a two­-bedroom apartment downtown and share the rent with a roommate. M: Oh, great idea! 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is AV1 according to the speaker? A．A classroom robot. B．A smartphone. C．A rare illness. 18．What can we know about Anna? A．She is a student with illness. B．She has dropped out of school. C．She can’t get on well with her classmates. 19．Why does Anna use AV1? A．She wants to be a top student. B．She shows great interest in it. C．She is in very poor health. 20．What can Anna do by using AV1? A．Finish her schoolwork. B．Meet a friend face to face. C．Communicate with her classmates. 【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 20．C 【原文】AV1 is a classroom robot. It is built to help students who are sick. The robot takes a student’s place in class. Users control it with a smartphone. Anna is a student in the United Kingdom. She uses AV1. She has a rare illness that makes her feel tired easily. The feeling doesn’t go away with sleep or rest. Her doctor told her to spend just three hours at school each day. This makes it hard for her to stay on top of her schoolwork. And Anna misses her friends. With AV1, Anna is able to stay connected. She uses AV1’s camera to see her classroom. She can “raise her hand” through her smartphone. Anna also talks to her classmates and teachers through AV1’s speakers. They can talk to her as well. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are four European music venues (举办场所) that are worth visiting. Dalhalla, Sweden The history of this place goes back about 360 million years. A meteorite (陨石) hit the ground and changed the land in this part of Sweden, about 280 kilometers from Stockholm. This place was once a quarry (采石场) where people dug out a lot of stone. The rock walls around the seats make the sound very good. Dalhalla has been used for concerts since 1993 and can hold up to 6,000 people. St Michael’s Fortress, Šibenik The music has to be good in Šibenik on the Croatian coast, because it would be easy to allow your eyes to look beyond the stage at the pretty islands lying in the bright blue of the Adriatic Sea below. This small open-air venue, which has space for a little more than 1,000 people, is inside the walls of the fortress (堡垒), which is hundreds of years old. St Michael’s Cave, Gibraltar Some underground venues may feel like caves but this venue in Gibraltar in the south of Spain is one in a real cave. Long fingers of rock look down from above, and colorful lights climb the sides of the cave, where 600 people can watch concerts and other events. The Arena of NÎmes In the center of this southern French city, this huge old arena can seat as many as 20,000 people. And every summer, a series of concerts called the Festival de Nimes bring musicians from across France and around the world to perform there. There aren’t many Roman buildings that are still in such good condition, so whether or not there’s a concert happening, it’s a place that’s worth a trip. 21．What can audience see besides enjoying a concert in Šibenik? A．Falling meteorites. B．Beautiful islands. C．Colorful lights. D．Roman buildings. 22．Which venue can hold the most people? A．Dalhalla. B．St Michael’s Fortress. C．St Michael’s Cave. D．The Arena of NÎmes. 23．What do the four venues have in common? A．They offer concerts and events. B．They own unique things. C．They stand in usual places. D．They have a long history. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个值得一游的欧洲音乐举办场所。 21．细节理解题。根据St Michael’s Fortress, Šibenik部分中“The music has to be good in Šibenik on the Croatian coast, because it would be easy to allow your eyes to look beyond the stage at the pretty islands lying in the bright blue of the Adriatic Sea below.(在克罗地亚海岸的Šibenik，音乐一定很棒，因为你可以很容易地把目光从舞台投向下面碧蓝的亚得里亚海中美丽的岛屿)”可知，在Šibenik欣赏音乐会时，观众还可以看到美丽的岛屿。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据Dalhalla, Sweden部分中“Dalhalla has been used for concerts since 1993 and can hold up to 6,000 people.(Dalhalla自1993年以来一直被用于音乐会，可容纳多达6,000人)”；St Michael’s Fortress, Šibenik部分中“ This small open-air venue, which has space for a little more than 1,000 people, is inside the walls of the fortress, which is hundreds of years old.(这个小型的露天场地可容纳1,000多人，位于一座有数百年历史的堡垒的城墙内)”；St Michael’s Cave, Gibraltar部分中“ Long fingers of rock look down from above, and colorful lights climb the sides of the cave, where 600 people can watch concerts and other events.(长长的岩石从上面向下看，五颜六色的灯光攀爬洞穴的两侧，600人可以在那里观看音乐会并进行其他活动)”；The Arena of NÎmes部分中“In the center of this southern French city, this huge old arena can seat as many as 20,000 people.(在这座法国南部城市的中心，这个巨大的古老竞技场可以容纳多达20,000人)”可知，可容纳人数最多的是The Arena of NÎmes，它可以容纳20,000人。故选D项。 23．推理判断题。根据Dalhalla, Sweden部分中“The history of this place goes back about 360 million years. A meteorite (陨石) hit the ground and changed the land in this part of Sweden, about 280 kilometers from Stockholm.(这个地方的历史可以追溯到大约3.6亿年前。一颗陨石撞击地面，改变了瑞典这部分的土地，距离斯德哥尔摩约280公里)”和“The rock walls around the seats make the sound very good.(座位周围的岩石墙壁使声音效果很好)”可知，Dalhalla由陨石撞击形成的岩石墙壁使音乐效果很好；根据St Michael’s Fortress, Šibenik部分中“This small open-air venue, which has space for a little more than 1,000 people, is inside the walls of the fortress (堡垒), which is hundreds of years old.(这个小型的露天场地可容纳1,000多人，位于一座有数百年历史的堡垒的城墙内)”可知，St Michael’s Fortress位于一座有数百年历史的堡垒的城墙内；根据St Michael’s Cave, Gibraltar部分中“Some underground venues may feel like caves but this venue in Gibraltar in the south of Spain is one in a real cave.(有些地下场地可能感觉像洞穴，但西班牙南部直布罗陀的这个场地是一个真正的洞穴)”可知，St Michael’s Cave是在一个真正的洞穴里；根据The Arena of NÎmes部分中“ There aren’t many Roman buildings that are still in such good condition, so whether or not there’s a concert happening, it’s a place that’s worth a trip.(没有多少罗马建筑还保存得这么完好，所以不管有没有音乐会，这都是一个值得一去的地方)”可知，The Arena of NÎmes是一座保存完好的古罗马建筑。由此推知，这四个音乐举办场所的共同点是它们都有自己的独特之处。故选B项。 B Nature works like a big clock. Everything is arranged in order and interconnected. Every part has its place and its role. Take the wolf for example. As meat-eaters, wolves regulate the number of plant eaters so that they do not reproduce too many. All animals and plants are closely related in a system. The wolves remind me of a story from my childhood when my grandfather gave me an old clock. The first thing I did was take the clock apart to find out how it worked. Even though I was sure that I knew how to put it back together in working order, I couldn’t do it. After I rebuilt it, there were a few parts left over and a grandfather who was not in the best of moods. In the wild, wolves play the role of such parts. If we remove them, not only do the enemies of sheep and cattle disappear, but the system of nature also begins to run differently, so differently that rivers change course and many local bird species(物种) die out. And things can also go wrong when a species is added. For example, the introduction of a nonnative fish leads to a great decrease in the local deer population. Because of a fish? The earth’s ecosystems, it seems, are a bit too complex (复杂的) for us to draw up simple rules of cause and effect. Even protection work can have unexpected results. Who knew, for example, that recovering crane(鹤) populations in Europe would affect the production of Iberian ham? So it’s high time we took a good look at the interconnections between species both large and small. It’s important for us to realize that even small interventions(干预) can have huge influences, and we’d do better to keep our hands off everything in nature that we do not have to touch. 24．What does the underlined word “regulate” mean in paragraph 1? A．Control. B．Count. C．Record. D．Increase. 25．What does the author want to show with the story in paragraph 2? A．Curiosity kills the cat. B．Every part matters. C．Clocks are hard to rebuild. D．Grandfather’s love lasts. 26．Why can things also go wrong when a species is added? A．Local species will disappear soon. B．Rules of cause and effect are simple in nature. C．The interconnections in nature are complex. D．Protection projects are too hard to complete. 27．What does the author suggest people do? A．Pay more attention to small animals. B．Stay away from protection work. C．Take a new look at meat-eaters. D．Think twice before stepping in. 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了大自然就像一个巨大的钟表在运作。每样东西都排列整齐，相互联系。作者建议人们在干预自然界之前要三思而后行。 24．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“As meat-eaters, wolves regulate the number of plant eaters so that they do not reproduce too many. All animals and plants are closely related in a system.(作为食肉动物，狼会regulate食草动物的数量，这样它们就不会繁殖太多。所有的动物和植物在一个系统中是密切相关的。)”可知，狼会控制食草动物的数量，这样就会避免食草动物的过度繁殖，因此划线词与A选项“Control.(控制)”为同义词。故选A。 25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The wolves remind me of a story from my childhood when my grandfather gave me an old clock. The first thing I did was take the clock apart to find out how it worked. Even though I was sure that I knew how to put it back together in working order, I couldn’t do it. After I rebuilt it, there were a few parts left over and a grandfather who was not in the best of moods. In the wild, wolves play the role of such parts. If we remove them, not only do the enemies of sheep and cattle disappear, but the system of nature also begins to run differently, so differently that rivers change course and many local bird species(物种) die out.( 灰狼使我想起了一个童年的故事，当时我的祖父给了我一个旧时钟。我做的第一件事就是将时钟拆开，想找出它是如何工作的。尽管我很确定我知道如何把它装回工作状态，但我却做不到。在我重新组装它之后，还剩下一些零件，而祖父的情绪也不是很好。在野外，灰狼扮演的就是这样的零件角色。如果我们赶走或捕杀它们，那么羊和牛的敌人就会消失，但自然的系统也开始以一种截然不同的方式运行，以至于河流改变了方向，很多当地的鸟类物种也会灭绝。)”可知，作者通过拆解闹钟却无法复原的故事，类比了如果移除自然界中的某个物种（如狼），就会导致整个生态系统失衡。因此，作者想要表达的是每个部分都很重要，不应该被随意移除或改变。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“And things can also go wrong when a species is added. For example, the introduction of a nonnative fish leads to a great decrease in the local deer population. (当加入一个物种时，事情也可能出错。例如，引进一种非本地鱼类会导致本地鹿的数量大幅减少。)”以及“The earth’s ecosystems, it seems, are a bit too complex (复杂的) for us to draw up simple rules of cause and effect. (地球的生态系统似乎有点太复杂了，我们无法制定简单的因果规则。)”可知，地球上的生态系统非常复杂，添加新物种可能会破坏原有的生态平衡，导致意想不到的结果。因此，选项C“自然界的相互联系是复杂的”是正确的答案。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s important for us to realize that even small interventions(干预) can have huge influences, and we’d do better to keep our hands off everything in nature that we do not have to touch.( 对我们来说，重要的是要意识到，即使是很小的干预也会产生巨大的影响，我们最好把我们的手从自然界中任何我们不需要接触的东西上拿开。)”可知，作者认为即使是微小的干预也可能对自然界产生巨大的影响，因此建议人们在介入之前要三思。故选D。 C Most environmental pollution on Earth comes from humans and their inventions, such as cars or plastic (塑料). Today, car emissions (排放物) are a major source of air pollution leading to climate change, and plastics fill our ocean, creating a  health issue to marine (海洋的) animals. And what about the electric light, thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time? Electric light can be a beautiful thing, guiding us home when the sun goes down, keeping us safe and making our homes bright. However, like carbon dioxide emissions and plastic, too much of a good thing has started to influence the environment. Light pollution, the unsuitable use of outdoor light, is affecting human health, wildlife behavior and our ability to observe stars. Light pollution is a global problem. This became obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a digital map based on thousands of satellite (卫星) photos, was published in 2016. Online for viewing, the map shows how and where our globe is lit up at night. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote regions (偏远地区) on Earth (Greenland, Central African Republic and Niue) are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted countries in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait. Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because of the electric lights of cars, street lamps, offices, factories, outdoor advertising, and buildings, turning night into day for people who work and play long after sunset. People living in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time seeing more than a handful of stars at night. Astronomers (天文学家) are concerned with sky glow pollution as it reduces their ability to view stars. They are running out of places on Earth to set up observatories, as even the most remote locations are witnessing a reduction in the darkness of night skies. 28．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．The use of outdoor light must be stopped. B．Electric light has both advantages and disadvantages. C．Electric light is the main reason to keep us safe. D．Electric light is the greatest human invention. 29．Which of the following places is least affected by sky glow? A．Qatar. B．Singapore. C．Kuwait. D．Niue. 30．Why do astronomers especially complain about sky glow? A．They can’t afford to set up observatories. B．Sky glow has a bad effect on their life. C．Sky glow make their work challenging. D．Sky glow wastes too much electricity. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Shadows of Progress: The Dark Side of Electric Light B．Beyond the Glow: Understanding Light Effects C．A World Develop Too Fast: The Challenge of Pollution D．A Global Problem: Plastics and Emissions 【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电灯这一被认为是人类最伟大发明之一的事物对环境的负面影响，即光污染问题，并阐述了其全球性的现状以及对人类健康、野生动物行为和观星能力的影响。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Electric light can be a beautiful thing, guiding us home when the sun goes down, keeping us safe and making our homes bright. However, like carbon dioxide emissions and plastic, too much of a good thing has started to influence the environment. Light pollution, the unsuitable use of outdoor light, is affecting human health, wildlife behavior and our ability to observe stars.(电灯可以是一件美好的事物，在太阳下山时指引我们回家，保证我们的安全，使我们的家明亮。然而，就像二氧化碳排放和塑料一样，太多的好东西开始影响环境。光污染，即室外光的不当使用，正在影响人类健康、野生动物行为和我们观察星星的能力)”可知，电灯既有好处也有坏处。故选B项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote regions (偏远地区) on Earth (Greenland, Central African Republic and Niue) are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted countries in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait. (北美、欧洲、中东和亚洲的大片地区都灯火通明，而地球上只有最偏远的地区 (格陵兰岛、中非共和国和纽埃) 处于完全黑暗之中。世界上光污染最严重的国家包括新加坡、卡塔尔和科威特)”可知，纽埃是受影响最小的地区之一。故选D项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Astronomers are concerned with sky glow pollution as it reduces their ability to view stars. (天文学家对天光污染感到担忧，因为它降低了他们观测星星的能力)”可知，天文学家抱怨天光是因为它使他们的工作变得具有挑战性。故选C项。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“And what about the electric light, thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time? Electric light can be a beautiful thing, guiding us home when the sun goes down, keeping us safe and making our homes bright. However, like carbon dioxide emissions and plastic, too much of a good thing has started to influence the environment. Light pollution, the unsuitable use of outdoor light, is affecting human health, wildlife behavior and our ability to observe stars. (那么被认为是人类有史以来最伟大的发明之一的电灯呢？电灯是一件美丽的东西，在太阳下山时指引我们回家，保证我们的安全，让我们的家明亮。然而，就像二氧化碳排放和塑料一样，太多的好东西已经开始影响环境。光污染，即室外光的不当使用，正在影响人类健康、野生动物行为和我们观察星星的能力)”以及后文对电灯造成的光污染的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了人类发明电灯所带来的环境问题，所以“Shadows of Progress: The Dark Side of Electric Light(进步的阴影：电灯的黑暗面)”是文章内容的概括，是最佳标题。故选A项。 D Everyone has their own way to “recharge” their sense of well-being — something that makes them feel good physically, emotionally, and spiritually even if they aren’t consciously aware of it. Personally, I know that few things can improve my day as quickly as a walk around the block or even just getting up from my desk and doing some push-ups. A hike through the woods is ideal when I can make it happen. But that’s me. It’s not simply that I enjoy these activities but also that they make me feel better and clear my mind. Mental health and physical health are closely connected. No kidding — what’s good for the body is often good for the mind. Knowing that what you can do physically has this effect for you will change your day and your life. Physical activity has many mental health benefits. These have been published in the journal Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and include improved brain health and cognitive function — the ability to think, if you will, a reduced risk of tension and worry, improved sleep and overall quality of life. Although not a cure for all, increasing physical activity directly contributes to improved mental health and better overall health and well-being. Learning how to manage stress and getting screened for depression are simply good prevention practices in daily life. Awareness is especially important at this time of year, when disruptions to healthy habits and choices can be more likely and more annoying. Shorter days and colder temperatures have a way of breaking up the normal life — as do the holidays, with both their joys and their stresses. When the rich sunshine and clear skies of temperate(温和的) months give way to terrible weather, less daylight, and festive gatherings, it may happen unconsciously or seem natural to be less physically active. However, that tendency is just why it’s so important that we are ever more mindful of our physical and emotional health and how we can maintain both at this time of year. 32．What is the author’s regular way of “recharging” his well-being? A．Working out in a gym. B．Staying and doing nothing. C．Hiking in the woods. D．Slight exercise. 33．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The importance of good sleep. B．The ways to improve brain health. C．The mental health benefits of physical activity. D．The bond between mental health and physical health. 34．What does the underlined word “disruption” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Achievement. B．Destruction. C．Advantage. D．Development. 35．Why does the author mention shorter days, colder temperatures and festivals? A．To persuade us to enjoy our current lives. B．To show useful advice on keeping healthy. C．To describe unexpected things in our lives. D．To remind us to care about well-being anytime. 【答案】32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了体育活动对身心健康的作用。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Everyone has their own way to “recharge” their sense of well-being — something that makes them feel good physically, emotionally, and spiritually even if they aren’t consciously aware of it. Personally, I know that few things can improve my day as quickly as a walk around the block or even just getting up from my desk and doing some push-ups.(每个人都有自己的方式来“充电”他们的幸福感——一些让他们在身体上、情感上和精神上感觉良好的事情，即使他们并没有意识到这一点。对我来说，没有什么事情能像绕街区走一圈或甚至只是从桌前站起来做几个俯卧撑那样迅速改善我的一天)”可知，作者通常的“充电”方式是做一些轻微的运动。故选D项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“Physical activity has many mental health benefits. These have been published in the journal Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and include improved brain health and cognitive function — the ability to think, if you will, a reduced risk of tension and worry, improved sleep and overall quality of life. Although not a cure for all, increasing physical activity directly contributes to improved mental health and better overall health and well-being.(体育活动对心理健康有很多好处。这些建议发表在《美国人体育活动指南》杂志上，包括改善大脑健康和认知功能——思考能力，如果你愿意的话，减少紧张和担忧的风险，改善睡眠和整体生活质量。虽然不能包治百病，但增加体育活动直接有助于改善心理健康和更好的整体健康和福祉)”可知，体育活动对心理健康的好处。故选C项。 34．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的to healthy habits和句末的more annoying可知，能够让人讨厌、恼火的肯定是对健康习惯的破坏。所以，划线单词disruption的意义为“破坏、妨碍”，与destruction意义一致。故选B项。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shorter days and colder temperatures have a way of breaking up the normal life — as do the holidays, with both their joys and their stresses. When the rich sunshine and clear skies of temperate(温和的) months give way to terrible weather, less daylight, and festive gatherings, it may happen unconsciously or seem natural to be less physically active. However, that tendency is just why it’s so important that we are ever more mindful of our physical and emotional health and how we can maintain both at this time of year.(白天变短、气温变冷会破坏正常的生活——就像假期一样，既有欢乐，也有压力。当温和月份的充足阳光和晴朗天空被恶劣天气、日照减少和节日聚会所取代时，人们可能会无意识地减少体力活动，或者看起来很自然。然而，这种趋势正是为什么我们越来越注意自己的身心健康以及如何在一年中的这个时候保持身心健康如此重要的原因。)”可知，白天变短、气温变冷和假期会破坏正常的生活，人们可能会无意识地减少体力活动，越是这个时候，我们越应该注意自己的身心健康。所以作者提到白天变短、气温变冷和节日是为了提醒我们在任何时候都要关注健康。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, you will see people, mostly men wearing T-shirts, sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade, playing a game with large round disks of wood. 36 Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess, there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China. 37 And in the 20th century both Sun Yat-sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game. And, though it may look quite a bit different from Western chess, Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do and how the game is played. Like Western chess, the object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. 38 Unlike Western chess, instead of placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines. Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board, which the elephants cannot cross. 39 This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life-or-death war. The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor (隐喻) referring to any boundary between two opposing armies. When the Chinese people today see this name on the board, the battle scenes come to their mind, as though they are surrounded by thick smoke, able to hear the beating of war drums. 40 A．Several sayings related to Xiangqi are in common use in China today. B．The game is called Xiangqi, a game of ordinary people. C．An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.. D．During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew. E．That is how to play Xiangqi and why Chinese people like it. F．It is called “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” G．Actually, in Xiangqi he is just a general. 【答案】36．B 37．D 38．G 39．F 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。 36．根据空前“If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, you will see people, mostly men wearing T-shirts, sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade, playing a game with large round disks of wood.(如果你在夏天去中国的任何一个城市旅行，你会看到人们，大多数是穿着T恤的男人，坐在人行道上的阴凉处的矮椅子上，用大圆盘木头玩游戏。) ”可知，空前描述了下象棋的景象，且根据空后“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. (象棋的历史可以追溯到战国。) ”可知，空后介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时代，故此空应该指出这个游戏是象棋，故B项“这个游戏叫象棋，一个普通人的游戏。”符合，故选B。 37．根据空前“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess, there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China.(象棋的历史可以追溯到战国。虽然专家们对象棋的创造者以及它与西洋象棋的联系有不同的看法，但毫无疑问，到了唐代，象棋在中国已经成为一种流行的游戏。) ”可知，空前介绍象棋在中国历史悠久，很受欢迎。这里是按时间顺序：战国时期—唐朝，所以空处应该按照时间讲唐朝之后的一个时期，象棋的发展情形。故D项“在清朝时期，它的知名度增加了。”符合时间逻辑关系。故选D。 38．根据空前“Like Western chess, the object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”.(和西洋象棋一样，这个游戏的目的是捕捉对手的“国王”。)”可知，空间提到了同西洋象棋一样，游戏目的是为了捕捉对手的“国王”推，故空处应该讲述中国象棋中的“王”是什么，故G项“其实在象棋里他只是个将军。”符合题意。故选G。 39．根据空前“Unlike Western chess, instead of placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines. Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board, which the elephants cannot cross.(与西方国际象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在直线的交叉点上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大区别是棋盘中间有一大块空白，象无法通过。) ”可知，空前提到中国象棋中有个空间是象不能越过的，且根据空后“This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life-or-death war.(这个空间指的是中国的一个地区，刘邦和项羽在那里进行了一场生死战。) ”可知，空后提到这个空间就是刘邦和项羽打生死战的地方，故空处应是对这个空间进行定义，故F项“它被称为“楚河汉界”。”符合逻辑。故选F。 40．根据空前“The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor (隐喻) referring to any boundary between two opposing armies. When the Chinese people today see this name on the board, the battle scenes come to their mind, as though they are surrounded by thick smoke, able to hear the beating of war drums.(这场战争的影响力是如此之大，以至于“楚汉边界”已经成为一个隐喻，指的是两个敌对军队之间的任何边界。当今天的中国人看到这个名字在黑板上，战斗的画面浮现在他们的脑海中，仿佛被浓烟包围，能够听到战鼓的敲击声。) ”可知，空前提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，因此下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面。故C项“一场激烈的战斗即将在这个小棋盘上进行。”符合逻辑。故选C。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, 30-year-old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds. She’s the first 41 ever to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 10 minutes. A marathon is a 42 race, covering 42.195 kilometers. Runners must not only be fast, but keep their 43 up over a very long distance. Chepngetich is no 44 to success in Chicago. She had already 45 the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022. Her 2022 time of 2: 14: 18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women’s history. This year, she 46 even higher, focusing on breaking the world record. Chepngetich ran fast 47 , finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes. By 30. kilometers, she was nearly two minutes ahead of her 48 competitor, Sutume Kebede of Ethiopia. 49 , Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon, she was running 50 the fastest men in the race. Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her, 51 many people who thought a marathon time of under 2: 10 was impossible for a woman. “I’m very 52 myself,” Chepngetich said. She 53 $100,000 for winning the race, and a(n) 54 $50,000 for setting a new record. In the men’s race, John Korir of Kenya won with a time of 2:02:44, 55 by Ethiopia’ s Mohamed Esa (2:04:39). 41．A．human B．African C．athlete D．female 42．A．hard B．strange C．new D．funny 43．A．patience B．adventure C．speed D．balance 44．A．competitor B．stranger C．partner D．expert 45．A．watched B．contacted C．introduced D．won 46．A．aimed B．jumped C．climbed D．achieved 47．A．from the start B．as usual C．once again D．in the meanwhile 48．A．youngest B．tallest C．closest D．smartest 49．A．Obviously B．Naturally C．Impressively D．Luckily 50．A．against B．alongside C．without D．towards 51．A．satisfying B．disappointing C．frightening D．surprising 52．A．curious about B．proud of C．interested in D．responsible for 53．A．borrowed B．saved C．donated D．earned 54．A．extra B．unique C．free D．economic 55．A．mastered B．inspired C．admired D．followed 【答案】41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了30岁的肯尼亚选手Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性。A. human人类；B. African非洲人；C. athlete运动员；D. female女性。根据上文“On Sunday, 30-year-old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds.”可知Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录，所以是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性，故选D。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，全程42.195公里。A. hard艰苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. new新的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“covering 42.195 kilometers”和常识可知马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，故选A。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步者不仅要跑得快，而且要在很长的距离内保持速度。A. patience耐心；B. adventure冒险；C. speed速度；D. balance平衡。根据上文“Runners must not only be fast”和常识可知跑马拉松的跑步者不仅要跑的快，还得一直保持速度，故选C。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chepngetich对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生。A. competitor竞争者；B. stranger陌生人；C. partner同伴；D. expert专家。根据下文“She had already 　　45　　 the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022.”可知她已经赢了两次马拉松，所以应该是对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生，故选B。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军。A. watched观看；B. contacted联系；C. introduced介绍；D. won赢得。根据下文“Her 2022 time of 2: 14: 18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women’s history.”可推知她在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军，故选D。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，她的目标更高，希望打破世界纪录。A. aimed以……为目标；B. jumped跳；C. climbed攀登；D. achieved达到。根据下文“focusing on breaking the world record”可知她的目标是希望打破世界纪录，故选A。 47．考查固定短语辨析。句意：Chepngetich从一开始就跑得很快，只用了15分钟就跑完了前5公里。 A. from the start从一开始；B. as usual像往常一样；C. once again再次；D. in the meanwhile在此期间。根据下文“finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes”可推知她从一开始就跑的很快，故选A。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在30公里时，她领先最接近的竞争对手埃塞俄比亚的苏图姆·凯贝德（Sutume Kebede）近两分钟。A. youngest最年轻的；B. tallest最高的；C. closest最靠近的；D. smartest最聪明的。根据上文“nearly two minutes ahead”和跑马拉松的过程中，可知应是最靠近的，故选C。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人印象深刻的是，Chepngetich跑得如此之快，以至于在马拉松比赛的大部分时间里，她都和比赛中跑得最快的男子一起跑。A. Obviously显然地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Impressively令人印象深刻地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据下文“Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon”可知Chepngetich跑得如此之快，应该给人很深刻的印象，故选C。 50．考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. against反对；B. alongside与……一起；C. without没有；D. towards朝向。根据上文“Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon”和下文“Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her”可知她都和跑的最快的男子们在一起跑，故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，只有9名男子在她之前完成了马拉松比赛，这让许多人感到惊讶，他们认为女性不可能在2小时10分钟内完成马拉松比赛。A. satisfying使满意；B. disappointing使失望；C. frightening使惊恐；D. surprising使惊奇。根据下文“many people who thought a marathon time of under 2: 10 was impossible for a woman.”和上文可知Chepngetich在这个时间内完成了，所以是令很多人感到惊讶，故选D。 52．考查短语辨析。句意：“我为自己感到骄傲，” Chepngetich说。A. curious about对……好奇；B. proud oft为……而骄傲；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. responsible for为……负责。根据前文和下文“She　　13　　 $100,000 for winning the race, and a(n) 　　54　　 $50,000 for setting a new record.”可知Chepngetich打破了世界纪录还赢得了比赛，所以应该是感到骄傲，故选B。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她因赢得比赛而获得10万美元，并因创造新纪录而获得额外的5万美元。A. borrowed借；B. saved节约；C. donated捐赠；D. earned赚，赢得。根据下文“$100,000 for winning the race”可知是赢得，故选D。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. extra额外的；B. unique唯一的；C. free免费的；D. economic经济的。根据上文“She　　53　　 $100,000 for winning the race”可知赢得比赛获得10万美元，那么因创造新纪录而获得额外的5万美元奖励，故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在男子比赛中，肯尼亚选手约翰·科里尔以2:02:44的成绩夺冠，埃塞俄比亚选手穆罕默德·埃萨以2:04:39的成绩紧随其后。A. mastered掌握；B. inspired鼓励；C. admired钦佩；D. followed跟随。根据“2:02:44”和“2:04:39”时间对比，可知是紧随其后，故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese food and the differences between Chinese and Western diets are both things that cause the curiosity of most people who visit China. Moreover, when 56 (travel) through China, you’ll most likely pick up on a few differences in the way of eating food. For instance, soup in the West 57 (enjoy) generally as an appetizer (开胃菜), while the Chinese prefer to enjoy their soup at the end of a meal. You might also notice some distinct differences in meal preparation and cooking techniques. Therefore, cooking classes are becoming an 58 (increase) popular activity among those interested in learning more about China’s culture through its cuisine. If you’re looking to take it a step 59 (far), keep an eye out for cooking classes 60 (hold) by residents in their own homes. 61 it comes to traditional Chinese games, the Chinese have always been sociable people. Despite the country’s super technological advancement and the increasing 62 (popular) of personal electronic devices, the majority of Chinese would rather spend time socializing with others than sit alone at home. From popular board games like Go (围棋) and Chinese chess to kids’ games like Chinese jump rope, China offers 63 (vary) options to keep people busy. Most locals are more than happy to share their traditions 64 foreign visitors, so don’t be shy to ask the next time you go for 65 walk through the park. 【答案】56．travelling/traveling 57．is enjoyed 58．increasingly 59．further 60．held 61．When 62．popularity 63．various/varied 64．with 65．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中西方食物与饮食习惯的差异及中国的娱乐活动。 56．考查省略句。句意：此外，在中国旅行时，你很可能会在饮食方式上发现一些不同。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是when you are travelling through China。故填travelling或traveling。 57．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，在西方，汤通常是开胃菜，而中国人喜欢在用餐结束时喝汤。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时，soup与enjoy是动宾关系，故用被动语态，因为主语soup是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填is enjoyed。 58．考查副词。句意：因此，烹饪班正成为那些有兴趣通过烹饪来更了解中国文化的人们中越来越受欢迎的活动。修饰形容词popular需用副词increasingly。故填increasingly。 59．考查副词的比较级。句意：如果你想更进一步学习，留意一下在居民自己家里办的烹饪班。空处需填副词作状语，此处表示“更进一步”，故用副词比较级further，故填further。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想更进一步学习，留意一下在居民自己家里办的烹饪班。空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词cooking classes，二者是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式。故填held。 61．考查固定句型。句意：说到中国传统游戏，中国人一直都是善于交际的人。when it comes to…为固定句型，意为“当提到……”，位于句首首字母应大写。故填When。 62．考查名词。句意：尽管中国的技术发展迅速、个人电子设备日益普及，但大多数中国人宁愿花时间与他人交往，也不愿独自坐在家里。根据定冠词the和其后的of可知，符合名词所有格，空处需填名词，应用popularity表示“流行，普及”。故填popularity。 63．考查形容词。句意：从流行的围棋和中国象棋等棋盘游戏到跳皮筋等儿童游戏，中国提供了各种各样的选择让人们忙碌起来。空处作定语，应用形容词various或varied，作定语修饰名词options，表示“各种各样的”。故填various或varied。 64．考查介词。句意：大多数当地人都非常乐意与外国游客分享他们的传统，所以下次你在公园散步时，不要羞于开口。share符合用法：share…with…，意为“和……分享……”。故填with。 65．考查冠词。句意：大多数当地人都非常乐意与外国游客分享他们的传统，所以下次你在公园散步时，不要羞于开口。这里符合短语go for a walk，意为“散步”。故填a。 第四部分写作(共两节满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．假定你是李华，得知你的笔友Bob在学校经常不吃饭，以零食代替正餐，你担心他的身体健康和学习受到影响，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.不吃饭的危害； 2.你的建议。 注意： 1.词数应为100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Bob, I heard that you have been skipping meals at school and replacing them with snacks. I am quite concerned about your health and how it may affect your studies. Skipping meals deprives you of essential nutrients that your body needs to function properly. This can lead to a weakened immune system, lack of energy, and difficulty in concentrating in class. I would like to suggest that you start having regular, nutritious meals instead of skipping them. Make sure to include a variety of food groups in your diet. Remember, your health is important, and your ability to learn effectively is directly linked to it. Please take my advice into consideration and start taking better care of yourself. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给在学校经常不吃饭，以零食代替正餐的笔友Bob写邮件，向他说明不吃饭的危害并为他提出你的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 用……替换……：replace sth. with sth.→substitute sth. with sth. 影响：affect →influence, impact 导致：lead to →cause, bring about 各种各样的：a variety of →various, a wide range of 与……有关：be linked to →be associated with, be connected with 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I would like to suggest that you start having regular, nutritious meals instead of skipping them. 拓展句：My suggestion is that you start having regular, nutritious meals instead of skipping them. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am quite concerned about your health and how it may affect your studies. (运用了how引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Skipping meals deprives you of essential nutrients that your body needs to function properly. (运用了动名词短语Skipping meals作主语、that引导限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One sunny day, Alex, a young boy, was walking home from school when he noticed something unusual. A small, scruffy (邋遢的) dog was sitting alone by the side of the road, its eyes full of fear and confusion. The poor dog looked lost and hungry. Alex felt a sense of empathy (同情) in his heart as he walked towards the dog slowly, offering it a piece of his sandwich. The moment the dog cautiously took the food from his hand, Alex’s heart melted. He could see that the dog was alone and scared, and he knew he couldn’t just leave it there. Without a second thought, Alex decided to take the dog home. He carefully hid the dog in the garage, hoping his father wouldn’t find out. For days, Alex spent all his spare time in the garage, playing with the dog. He named the dog Max, and they quickly became close friends. Their bond grew stronger day by day as they shared countless adventures together. Max brought so much joy into Alex’s life. One day, Alex’s father discovered their secret. He was surprised and told the boy to put Max back on the street, thinking it was for the best. With a heavy heart, Alex did as he was told. He left Max at the park, hoping that someone else would find him and give him a loving home. But as he walked away, his heart ached with sadness, tears welling up in his eyes. Alex was heartbroken. He missed Max terribly and found it hard to focus on anything else. His grades started to slip (下滑), and he became quiet and silent. His usual cheerfulness had disappeared, replaced by deep sadness that seemed to swallow him whole. Seeing this, his father realized how much Max meant to Alex. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。     The father decided to bring Max back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________     The boy took full responsibility for Max. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The father decided to bring Max back. He went to extraordinary lengths to search for the dog in the nearby blocks but in vain. It suddenly crossed his mind that maybe Max would have returned to the park. He breathed a sigh of relief the moment he saw Max wandering in the park. The setting sun cast an orange glow over them. Exhausted but joyful, the father brought Max home. At the sight of Max, so amazed was Alex that he rushed forward, knelt down and hugged Max tight, his eyes twinkling with excitement. From then on, Max became an integral part of their family. The boy took full responsibility for Max. Tiring as feeding, bathing and walking Max were, he gained a great sense of accomplishment from these puppy care chores. The days of Max’s company witnessed Alex’s heartier laughter and gradual academic progress. It dawned on the father that Max helped Alex build confidence and taught him about responsibility and compassion. Had it not been for this experience, Alex would have never known the bond between humans and animals is built on love, trust and mutual respect, enriching both lives. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Alex在路上遇到一只可怜的狗，不忍把它丢下，于是把它藏在车库里，并给它取名Max，一天Alex的父亲发现了这个秘密，他让Alex把Max送回街上，Alex照办了，心碎不已，之后他的成绩开始下滑，变得沉默寡言，这时他的父亲才意识到Max对Alex来说有多重要。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“父亲决定把Max带回来。”可知，第一段可描写父亲找回Max带回家以及Alex的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“男孩对Max负全责。”可知，第二段可描写Alex悉心照顾Max和他发生的改变以及感悟。 2.续写线索：寻找Max——带Max回家——Alex的反应——悉心照顾Max——变化——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①出现在脑海：cross one’s mind/occur to sb ②如释重负：breathe a sigh of relief/feel a great relief ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①惊讶：amazed/surprised ②兴奋：excitement/thrill 【点睛】[高分句型1] It suddenly crossed his mind that maybe Max would have returned to the park.（由it作形式主语，that引导主语从句） [高分句型2] At the sight of Max, so amazed was Alex that he rushed forward, knelt down and hugged Max tight, his eyes twinkling with excitement.（由so…that…引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构） [高分句型3] Had it not been for this experience, Alex would have never known the bond between humans and animals is built on love, trust and mutual respect, enriching both lives.（虚拟条件句的倒装结构） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$