7.专题七 介词(教师用书)-【加速度中考】2025年内蒙古中考备考加速度英语课堂精讲本（人教版）

专题七介词 语法知识理重点 时间介词一on,in,at,by,after,.before,since,for,from,during.until//till 方位介词 on,in,to,at,by,beside,behind,near,over 方式介词 -by,in,on,with,through 介词 其他常见 介词 for,against,without,with,besides,about,as 介词与名词的搭配 介词与动词的搭配 介词的固 定搭配 介词与形容词的搭配 介词与副词的搭配 其他常见的介词短语 令重点语法分点过 考点)时间介词 续表 介词 含义及用法 举例 介词 含义及用法 举例 on September Ist在九月 at6:00在6点钟： 一日： 用于具体的时间点 用于具体的某一天 at noon在中午； t 前或黎明、正午、黄 或特定的某一天的 on Saturday morning在周 at dusk在黄昏： 六上午： 昏、午夜前 on 上午、下午、晚上 at night在晚上 on a cold afternoon 前，也可用于星期 在一个寒冷的下午： “by+时间点”表 或节日前 Lunch will be ready by on Monday在星期一： 示“最晚不迟 11:00.午饭将会在十一 on National Day在国庆节 于…：到…为 点之前准备好 in the 21st century 止”。如果by之后 We had learned 1.000 在21世纪： 用于世纪、年份、季 是将来的时间点， 节、月份或泛指的 im2025在2025年： English words by the end 则与将来时连用： in summer在夏天： of last term.到上学期末 上午、下午，晚上前 如果是过去的时间 in July在七月： 为止，我们已经学了1000 点，则与过去完成 in the morning在早上 个英语单词。 时连用 in “in+一段时间” I finished my homework in 2 aier与将来时连 常与现在时或过去 He'll come back after two hous.我在两小时内完成 时连用，表示“在某 用，表示“在…之 o'clock.他将在两点钟后 了我的家庭作业。 段时间之内” 后”，后接时间点 回来 after “in+一段时间” My father will come back aier与过去时连 He got back from France 与将来时连用，表 in2 weeks..我的爸爸将 用，表示“在…之 after two weeks.两周后他 示“…之后” 在两周后回来。 后”，后接时间段 从法国回来了。 128 续表 in May. 介词 含义及用法 举例 3.We have history class at three o'clock every We always buy a lot of Monday afternoon. food before the festival. 4.Linda didn't water the flowers until her before 在…之前 我们总是在节日前买许 mother came back home. 多食物。 5.In traditional Chinese culture,most people love to “since+时间点 wear red during the Spring Festival. She's been off work 段时间(+g0)”, since Tuesday..自从星 考点②方位介词 since 表示从过去某时延 期二以来她一直没有 介词 含义及用法 举侧 续到现在，常与现在 上班。 “在…平/表面上 完成时连用 on the desk在书桌上 (接触物体表面)” “for+时间段”，表 I have learned English on 表示A地位于B India lies on the 示持续多久，常和 for for three years.我已经 地的外面且接壤」 southwest of China.印 延续性动词连用 学习英语三年了 毗邻，但互不管辖 度位于中国的西南方。 且用于现在完成时 表示在一个范围或 后接开始的时间， From now on.I will do in the classroom 大地方（如：国家、 表示“从…”，常 sports every morning.从 在教室里： from 省、城市，水域 用搭配：fom..to. 现在开始，我将每天早 in Xinjiang在新疆 等)内 从…到… 上做运动 Xi'an is located in the “during +时间 表示A地属于 The price of fruit northwest of China.西 段”，表示“在… B地 generally rises during 安位于中国的西北部。 during 期间”，与延续性动 the winter. 水果的价 词连用，表示一段 “到：去；向：朝 I went to the park this 格在冬季普遍上涨 时间 …”,有一定的方morning..我今天早上 向性 去了公园。 用于肯定句中，表I will keep them until Malaysia lies to the 示“直到…为 the end of November. 表示A地在B地 止”，其前谓语动词 south of our country 我将会把它们保存 范围之外，即A、B 马来西亚位于我们国 until/ 必须用延续性动词11月底 两地不接壤 家的南面。 till 用于否定句中，表 He didn't go back home 用于较小的场所 示“直到…才”， until 11:00 p.m. at a village at (如：建筑物、城镇」 其前谓语动词多用 直到晚上十一点他才 在一个小村庄 机场、街道等)前 非延续性动词 回家。 “在…旁边”，强 应用 by the window by 调靠近，与beside 在窗户旁边 until at in on during 同义 1.Shenzhou-18 flew into space successfully beside the TV on beside 在…旁边或附近 the evening of April 25th,2024. 在电视旁边 2.The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a behind the door behind 在…后面 year into 24 solar terms.Xiaoman usually falls 在门后 129 续表 along it brighten our way home at night. 介词 名义及用法 举例 9.-When are you arriving?I'll pick you up at near the beach the station. near 在…附近 在海滩附近 -I will arrive at 2:30 p.m. There is a bridge over “在…正上方” 10.The teacher stood beside David and told him the river..河上面有 表示两者不接触 how to solve the math problem patiently. 座桥。 over She put a blanket over 考点③方式介词 “在…上面”，表 the sleeping child. 示部分覆盖或全部 介词 含义及用法 举例 她给熟睡的孩子盖上 improve my spoken 覆盖 了一条毯子。 by+名词/动名词. English by talking with “在…正下方”， under the chair 表示“凭借某种工 foreigners. 我通过和外 under 表示两者不接触 在椅子下面 具或手段” 国人交流来提高我的英 by “在…的上方”， There is a photo above 语口语。 above 表示两者不接触也 the desk.照片在书桌 She goes to work by by+交通工具，表 不一定垂直 的上方。 subway.她坐地铁去 示“乘坐.” 上班。 “在（或）到…的 The coat reaches below “m+语言”，表示 below 下方”，表示两者不 the knees.那件大农盖 What's this in English? “使用…语言” 这个用英语怎么说？ 接触也不一定垂直 过膝盖。 I wrote a letter in black Walk across the road. in+颜色/原材料/ ink.我用黑墨水写了一 “横过：穿过”，指 and you will find the 声音/服装等 封信。 across 从物体表面的一边 bookstore,穿过这条 到另一边 路，你就会找到那家 in+限定词+封闭 in his car在他的车里 书店 的交通工具 The path leads through “om+设备（电话、 They are talking on the “穿透：透过”，指 the forest to the river. 电视、收音机)”， phone. 他们正在通 through 从某一物体的空间 这条小路穿过森林通 on 表示“通过…” 电话。 内部穿过 向河边。 0m+限定词+大型 on the train在火车上 go along the street 或开放型交通工具 along 沿着：顺着 沿着这条街道走 “wih+工具”，表 often draw with crayons. 示“用：以：凭借于 情应用 我经常用蜡笔画画。 at along behind under beside with wih+身体部 We see the world with 6.People and birds share their homes under the 位”，表示“用 eyes. 我们用眼睛看 blue sky. .....m 世界。 7.-How dark the night is!Where are the “以：凭借：通过”， stars,Mom? through his hard work凭 through 多用于一些抽象 -They are behind the clouds. 借他的努力 概念 8.Fumin Road is wider than before and the lights 130 的宽应用 续表 by on through in 介词 含义及用法 举例 11.Jack achieved his dream through many He walked in the classroom 有：具有（品质 years'hard work. wit汕a book.他拿着一本书 特征)：带有 12.-How do you practice your English writing? 走进了教室。 -I practice it by keeping a diary every day. with The shadows lengthened 13.Nick is waiting for you.He is in a white “随着：由于”， with the approach of sunset. shirt today. 表伴随 随着日落的临近，影子越 14.The notice on TV asks drivers not to make 来越长。 noise during the College Entrance Examination. “除…之外 He had other people to take (还有)”，指在 care of besides me..除了 考点④其他常见介词 besides 原来的基础上 我之外，他还有其他人要 介词 含义及用法 举例 加上 照顾。 Thank you for teaching us There is no doubt about it. sowe山.感谢您如此尽心 about 关于：对于 因为：由于 这是毫无疑问的。 地教我们。 for He is known as a writer. 作为：以…身份 I bought a cup for my best 他以作家身份出名。 为了…：给（表 friend..我给我最好的朋 对象，目的)》 She described herself as a 友买了一个杯子。 像：如同： reporter.她把自己描述得 跟…一样 Put the piano there,against 如同一位记者一样。 倚：碰：撞 the door..把钢琴倚着门放 Many other schools in 在那里 China also have lessons 相似：类似：像 like this.中国的许多其 “反对；违背”， I'm sorry he is against your against ideas.我很抱款他反对你 他学校也有类似的课程。 其反义词为for 的观点 like Fruits like orange and lemon Our team will play against are rich in vitamin C.像橙 对抗：和…竞争 yours this aftemoon.今天下 例如：譬如 子和柠檬这样的水果富 午我们队将和你们队比赛。 含维生索C。 We can live without clothes, 像…一样 He runs like the wind. “无：没有”，表 but food and water are (比喻) 他像风一样奔跑。 without 示否定，常与系 essential.没有衣服我们可 动词be连用 以生存，但是食物和水是 There are fewer than twenty than 必不可少的。 “比”，表比较 people there.那里有不到 20人。 She with her friends is watching TV now.她和她 He is behind the rest of the with 与…在一起：和 的朋友们现在正在看 behind 落后于 class in reading.他的阅读 电视。 能力不及班上其他人。 131 续表 in silence沉默：无声地 in trouble处于困境中 介词 名义及用法 举例 in person亲自 表示所属关系， by+名词 the cover of this book 意为“…的 by accident偶然地 by mistake错误地 这本书的封面 属于…的” by chance偶然：碰巧 by hand手工；亲手 all the by bus/rain/air/subway乘公共汽车/火车/飞机/ through 通过（障碍，阶 He got exams.他通过了所有的 地铁 through 段或测试) 考试。 on+名词 including books and toys on time按时 on holiday在度假 including 包括：包含 括书籍和玩具 on foot步行 on show在展览 He is the best among the on one'sown独自 on business出差 在（其中）： among three students. 他是三个 on purpose故意 on sale出售：降价出售 …之 学生中最棒的。 on one's way(to)..在某人（去）…的路上 在…之间（两 on the weekend/on weekends在周末 者之间，也可以 between 8 a.m.and 5 p.m. at+名词 between 用来指两者以上 早上8点到下午5点之间 at the same time同时 at noon在中午 的每两者之间) at present目前：现在 at times偶尔：有时 walk into the room走进房 at work上班：在工作 at the moment此刻 into 到…里面 间里 2.介词与动词的搭配 情宽应用 beat against撞击 learn from向.学习 than against about without listen to听 pay for为…付钱 15.Breakfast is the most important meal of a day.It look after照顾 play with和…玩耍 think of想起 wait for等待 provides us with energy after a long night without food. 3.介词与形容词的搭配 16.Nothing is more important than health,so be good at擅长… we should take good care of our body. be different from与…不同 17.The story of Chang'e is regarded as a touching be friendly to对…友好 traditional folk story about the Mid-Autumn be absent from缺席 Festival. be interested in对…感兴趣 18.This kind of plant grows against the side be full of充满 wall,so the wall looks like a giant beautiful be weak in在…方面薄弱 painting. be proud of为…而自豪 考点⑤介词的固定搭配 4.介词与副词的搭配 1.介词与名词的搭配 at first起初：起先 at least至少 in+名词 at last最后 at most至多 in danger处于危险中 in time及时 5.其他常见的介词短语 in detail详细地 in doubt怀疑地 together with连同；一起 arrive at到达 in fact事实上 in order井然有序 according to根据 thanks to幸亏；由于 in public当众 in return作为回报 as for至于 instead of而不是 in half分成两半 inum轮流 except for除了 across from在…对面 132 such as比如 as well as也：还有 The music on the radio sounded lively and helped to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是 me get rid of my sad feelings at/right 情应用 once/away 19.如果你想学会一项技能，你必须亲自尝试，而 21.诗歌对人的影响很大。例如，白居易的诗至今 不是只是做白日梦 仍有意义。 If you want to pick up a skill,you must try it Poems influence people a lot. For in person instead of just daydreaming. example,the poems of Bai Juyi are still 20.收音机里的音乐听起来很欢快，立刻帮我摆脱 meaningful today 了悲伤的情绪。 语法专题情境练 I,单项选择 3.During the two sessions,some NPC deputies 1.[2024呼和浩特，7]Lixia,or the Start of Summer,. (人大代表)talked about the importance of AI is a time when the temperature increases quickly education. B heavier rainfall. 4.People can't get success by accident.They A.against B.with C.except D.among need to work hard and stick to their goals. 2.[2023呼和浩特，7]We went hiking the 5.The sun shone through the window and left a morning of May 4 and came back the tiny rainbow on the wall. afternoon. Ⅲ.根据中文提示补全句子 A.on;on B.in;in C.on;in D.in;on 1.他选择面对闲难而不是逃避责任。 3.I think you'd better stand C the big tree,or He chose to face the difficulty instead of you'll get sunburned(晒黑的). escaping the responsibility A.on B.into C.under D.below 2.我喜欢亲自去一个城市体验当地的文化 4.-Li Ming practiced hardest among us and he won I like to go to a city and experience the local first prize in the competition. culture in person. -A dream can't come true D hard work. 3.许多汉语词汇，例如“豆腐”和“功夫”，已成为英 A.by B.across C.over D.without 语的一部分 5.Young people like to learn about the world B Many Chinese words,such_as“tof”and the Internet. "kung fu",have become part of the English language. A.in B.through C.by D.at 4.处于困境的人们应该相信幸福是通过努力创造 Ⅱ，用所给词或短语的适当形式填空 出来的。 during by accident below People who are in trouble should believe by the end of through that happiness is created by working hard. 1.[2023呼和浩特，68]China plans to build a super- 5.张丽梦想着美丽的呼伦贝尔草原，于是她独自 computing internet by the end of 2025 to 去了内蒙古。 connect powerful computers across the nation. Zhang Li dreamed of the beautiful Hulun Buir 2.In winter,the temperature here stayed below Grassland,so she went to Inner Mongolia on 0℃，so we needed to wear warm clothes. her own· 李请完成《情境作业本》(P52)中的练习题 》》 133