5.专题五 代词(教师用书)-【加速度中考】2025年内蒙古中考备考加速度英语课堂精讲本（人教版）

专题五 代词 语法知识理重点 主格：l,we,you,she,he,it,they 人称代词 宾格：me,us,you,her,him,it,them 形容词性物主代词：my,our,your,her,his,its,their 物主代词 名词性物主代词：mine,ours,yours,hers,his,its,theirs 第一人称：myself,,ourselves 反身代词 第二人称：yourself,yourselves 第三人称：herself,.himself,itself,themselves 代词 普通不定代词，both,al,some,either等 不定代词 指人：-one类；-body类 复合不定代词指物：-thing类 this/these.that/those 指示代词 it,one,that 疑问代词 -who,whom,whose,what.which 孕重点语法分点过 考点)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 续表 人称代词 物主代词 类删 用法 举例 类别 反身 形容名词 Our teachers are all happy to 人称 主格宾格 代词 同性 性 作宾语，位于 help us.我们的老师都很乐 第一 单数 me my mine myself 动词或介词意帮助我们 人称 复数 we our ours ourselves 之后 宾格 Peter is sitting behind me. 第二 单数 you you your yours yourself Peter正坐在我的后面。 人称 复数 you you your yours yourselves 作表语，位于 Is the girl with curly hair she her her hers herself 系动词之后 you?那个卷发女孩是你吗？ 第三 单数 he him his his himself 人称 it its its itself 巧记口诀 复数 they them their theirs themselves 人称代词用法口诀 人称代词有两种，主格、宾格应分清， ·人称代词 主格用在动词前，宾格用在动/介后。 类别 用法 举例 “动副”短语要注意，宾格代词放中间。 John waited a while but finally 代词主语并列时，逻辑顺序要牢记 作主语，位于 主格 he went home..John等了一会 单数人称你他我，复数人称我们、你们和他们。 动词之前 儿但他最后回家了。 若把错误找人担，第一人称应当先 120 ·物主代词 注意 类别 用法 举例 反身代词不能放在名词前作定语，要想表达“某 He showed some of his 人自己的.”，需用own作定语。如：my own room 形容词性 作定语，位于 paintings to me.他向我 我自己的房间：a book of her own她自己的一本书 物主代词 名词前 展示了一些他的画。 反身代词常用固定搭配： This isn't your pen. lose oneself迷路：迷失自我 作主语，位于 Yours is on the table.这 系动词前 不是你的钢笔。你的在 enjoy oneself玩得愉快 桌子上 hurt oneself伤害自己 The lost keys may be teach oneself自学 hers.She is looking for learn by oneself自学 名词性物 作表语，位于 hem.丢失的钥匙也许 come to oneself恢复：苏醒 主代词 系动词后 是她的。她正在寻找 devote oneself(to)献身于 它们。 prove oneself证明自己 Tom's bike is broken.He )圆应用 作宾语，位于 is using mine,.汤姆的自 1.-The students must be very tired after a long 动词后 行车环了。他正在用 walk. 我的。 -Yes.let C stop and have a rest. 注意 (1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，经常用于 A.him B.they C.them D.her 名词前作定语，相当于形容词的作用：名词性物主代 2.My brother and I like football. C play it 词=形容词性物主代词+名词，具有名词的特征，后 together once a week. 面不接名词，必须单独使用： A.I B.They C.We D.He (2)物主代词后面不能与this,that,some,a, 3.-Dad,do you tell other people my secret? an,the等修饰词一起前置修饰同一个名词 -No,son.This is just between B. ·反身代词 A.you and I B.you and me 作用 位置 举例 C.I and you D.me and you He often tells himself that 4.My dream is to be an engineer and hers is to he must work hard.他经 be a dancer.(she) 作宾语 动词或介词后 常告诉他自己他必须努 5.All the students enjoyed themselves and 力工作。 showed their talents at the art festival.(they) The poor little boy in the 6.-My father will take me to Inner Mongolia story is myself.故事中 作表语 系动词后 Museum this Saturday. 那个可怜的小男孩就是 -Really?I hope you'll enjoy your weekend. 我自己。 (you) I want to see the scientist 名词、代词后 作同位语 himself..我想见那位科学 7.The red umbrella is mine and the blue one belongs 或句末 家本人。 to him.(he) 121 考点2不定代词 4.each与every ·普通不定代词 单词 不同点 相同点 1.some与any (1)用作形容词、代词， 代词 不同点 相同点 可单独使用 (2)强调个体 般用于肯定句中，表示 each “一些，某些”：也可以用于 (3)指两者或两者以上的 人或事物中的“每一个” some 表示建议或请求的疑问句 “each/every+单 中，表示说话人希望得到 既可以指代可 (4)后可跟of短语 数名词”作主语 对方肯定的回答 数名词（复数）， (1)仅作形容词，不可单 时，谓语动词要用 也可以指代不 独使用 单数形式 一般用于否定句或疑问句 可数名词 (2)强调整体 中，表示“一些，少许”；也 every any (3)指三者或三者以上的 可以用于肯定句中，表示 人或事物中的“每一个” “任何一个“ 4)后不可跟f短语 2.both, all,either,neither none 5.a little,little,afew与few(详见本书Pl) 代词 含义及用法 常用短语 6.other,the other, others,the others another “两者都”，作主语 代词 含义 用法 both 时，谓语动词用复数 both of..…两者都…… +可数名词复数/不可数名 形式 词，表示除去一部分以外的 “都（≥3）”，作主语 all of..(三者或三者 另一些，但不是剩下的全部 all 时，谓语动词的数视 other 另外的：别的 以上)都 如果其前有the,some, 情况而定 any,each,every,no等，则 “(两者中)任何 either of... 可与单数名词连用 either 个”，作主语时，谓语 …两者之 +可数名词单数，常与e连 动词用单数形式 两者中的 用，构成“one.the other.” 另一个 “(两者)都不”，作主 the other 结构 neither of... neither 语时，谓语动词用单 两者都不… 两部分中的 +可数名词复数，表示“剩 数形式 另一部分 余的全部 =other+复数名词，不修饰 “都不（≥3）”，作主 none of..(三者或者 名词，表示除去一部分以外 none 语时，谓语动词用单 三者以上)都没有 others 其余的：别的 的另一些，但不是剩下的 复数均可 个 全部 3.many与much =he other+可数名词复 the others 其余一些 数，不修饰名词，表示“其余 代词 含义 用法 的全部 many 代替可数名词复数 +可数名词单数，表示“再 许多大量 another 再一：另一 一：（三者或三者以上人或 much 代替不可数名词 物中的)另一个” 122 ·复合不定代词 -Nothing strange.B of them are talented 1.常见的复合不定代词 players. 后缀 -one -body -thing A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.All 前缀 (指人) (指人) (指物) 9.Kate is brave.And C can prevent her from some someone somebody something moving forward. (肯定) (某人) (某人) (某事，某物) A.anything B.something any(否定/ anyone anybody anything C.nothing D.everything 疑问) (任何人) (任何人) (任何事物) 10.The English novel is quite easy for you.There are every everyone everybody everything D new words in it. (肯定) (每个人) (每个人) (每件事物：一切) A.a little B.little C.a few D.few no no one nobody nothing 11.In our life,winning or losing is only half of the (否定) (没有人)（没有人） (什么都没有) game,and D half is learning to be better 2.复合不定代词的用法 from your mistakes (1)形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词 A.another B.others 时，形容词或else位于复合不定代词之后，作后置 C.other D.the other 定语。 12.I love books,and it's lucky for me that there are (2)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用 C in our school library. 单数形式。 A.few B.little C.many D.much (3)当something,anything,nothing等复合不 13.-Tony,is there any milk and vegetables in the 定代词作主语时，反意疑问句的主语用：当 fridge？ somebody,anybody,nobody等复合不定代词作主语 -Let me see.Oh,there are B in it. 时，反意疑问句的主语用he/hey。 A.every B.some C.any D.each (4)由some-构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯 定句中，也可用于表达建议或请求的疑问句中，表 考点③指示代词 示说话人希望得到肯定的回答 this/,these与that/those的辨析 (5)由y-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定 代词 相同点 不同点 句或疑问句中，也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何”。 1.常用来指代离自己较近的 人或物，单数用his,复数用 3.复合不定代词常用句型 this/these these: (I)There is nothing to..没什么要.. 2.指代下文将要提到的事物 (2)There is something wrong with..…出问 作主语时， 1.常用来指代离自己较远的 题了。 既可指人， 人或物，单数用ha,复数用 (3)...has/have something/nothing to do with... 又可指物： those; ……与…有/无关 作其他成 2.指代上文提到的事物： (4)Sb.can do nothing but...某人除了做… 分时，只能 that/those 3.常用于比较结构中，为 之外别无选择。 指物 了避免重复，用hat指代前 情见应用 面出现过的可数名词单数 8.-I think John and Peter did very well in the final 或不可数名词，those指代 match. 可数名词复数 123 拓展 (1)this/that也可以用于电话用语中，this指代 疑问代词 用法 举例 自己，hat指代对方。 询问姓名、关系 (2)在疑问句中，若句子的主语是his/hat 等，作主语、表语 Who wants to go to hese/hose时，回答用it或they来代替 who (口语中可作宾 Shanghai?谁想去 语，但不能放于介 上海？ Pit,one与that的辨析 词后) 代词 用法 With whom are you 1.指上文提到过的同一事物，特指 指 going to Beijing? “同类同物”： who的宾格，作宾 Whom are you whom 2.当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、 语，可放于介词后 going to Beijing it 姓名不清楚或看（听）不出来时，常 wih?你打算和谁 用t代替和当时某一事件、某一动 去北京？ 作相关的那一个 who的所有格形 Whose book is this? whose 式，作主语、表语 代替可数名词单数，与前面提到过 这是谁的书？ 和定语 的事物是同一类，但不是同一个，泛 one 询问职业、地位 指“同类异物”：复数形式为ones, 等，所指的事物无 What does your 指代可数名词复数 指物 what 范围限制，可作主 father do?你爸爸 代替前面提到过的可数名词单数或 语，宾语、表语和 是做什么的？ 不可数名词，它表示同一类而不是 定语 that 同一个，特指“同类异物”：复数形 意为“哪一个”， Which of the hats 式为those 指人 所指的对象范围 which would you like? 或物 明确，作主语、宾 情境应园 你想要哪顶帽子？ 语和定语 it one that those 14.The gravity on Mars is only about 38 percent of 情明应用 that on Earth. 18.- A basketball is this? 15.You can buy the jacket online.It's cheaper than -Perhaps it's our English teacher's.He likes those in the clothing store. sports. 16.Someone is knocking at the door,Amy.Please go A.Whose B.Where C.How D.Which and see who it is. 19.-C did Jack ask you about? 17.-Mike,how do you remember English words? -He asked me how long the film had been on -My dictionary helps a lot.You can buy when I reached the cinema. one A.Whose B.Which C.What D.Who 20.-I wonder with A Mary went to the 考点④疑问代词 concert. 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what,which -Her cousin,Tony. 等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般位于句首， A.whom B.whose C.which D.what 并在句子中作为某一句子成分。 124 语法专题情境练 I.单项选择 3.When we walked through the park,we saw him 1.[2024呼和浩特，4]一Who left this bottle in the lab? running around the lake. -It's B sir.I'll be careful with my things 4.You must depend on yourself.If you don't work from now on. hard,nobody can help you. A.my B.mine C.yours D.your 5.You know the trains now are more convenient than 2.[2023呼和浩特，1]-There is a chocolate cake on those in the past. the table.Is it for me or for your father? 6.Everyone has advantages,so don't compare your -It's for A,Mum.Happy birthday! disadvantages with others'advantages. A.you B.your 7.Our garden is quite different from theirs C.yours D.yourself especially all kinds of flowers inside. 3.-Lucy,can you help me pass Level 9 in "Word Ⅲ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子 Puzzle”? 1.[2024包头，70]一Space technologies are widely -Sure,I'll do what I can,but there's D used in different kinds of industries. can promise since it's really hard. -I agree.Space exploration benefits us a A.something B.anything lot.(we) C.everything D.nothing 2.Li Ming's hometown is famous for grapes and 4.-Bad luck!I've forgotten to bring my dictionary. mine is famous for mutton.(I) -Don't worry.Mary has got another one in the 3.Facing the difficulties alone,the boy had no classroom.You can take C choice but to trust himself.(he) A.her B.she C.hers D.herself 4.The dishes cooked by my mother are more 5.Taylor's father is a popular writer,and we all like delicious than those cooked by my father. reading B books. that) A.he B.his C.him D.himself 5.The elephant walked slowly through the trees with 6.Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a its big ears gently shaking in the wind.(it) bottle of apple juice in D 6.The story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain shows us that A.other B.another anything is possible if you work hard. C.the others D.the other (something) Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 7.If the neighbors didn't do us a favor,we who you that they he we nobody couldn't find the missing cat.(we) 1.We should learn to be responsible for ourselves 8.My father works as a volunteer to offer his not always depending on our parents. help to the community.(he) 2.The most important thing is how long you will be 9.After hearing the bad news,she took a deep breath remembered,by whom and for what. to calm herself down.(she) 请完成《情境作业本》(P51)中的练习题 125