内容正文:
重点语法归纳
目录
Unit 8 代词 3
一.代词基本用法: 4
二.【易错考点】 4
三. it用法: 5
代词专项训练 5
Unit 7 一般过去时 6
一. 用法: 6
二.be动词结构: 6
三.实义动词结构: 6
四.V过去式变化规则: 6
五.时间词: 6
一般过去时专项训练 6
Unit 6 句子成分 8
句子成分专项训练 9
Unit 5 一般将来时 9
一.定义用法: 9
二.will类动词结构: 9
三. be going to动词结构: 10
四.具体区别: 10
五.解题技巧: 10
Unit4名词 11
一、 定义理解: 11
二. 具体分类: 11
三. 可数名词: 11
规则变化: 11
四.不可数名词: 12
五.名词所有格: 12
名词专项训练 12
There be句型 13
一、基本用法 13
二、特殊用法 14
三、难点突破 14
Unit3形容词/副词 16
一.定义: 16
2. 位置: 16
3. 分类: 16
4. 多个adj排序问题: 16
5. 高频考点adj句型: 16
6. adj辨析: 17
副词 17
1.定义: 17
2.位置: 17
形容词的用法 17
形容词做定语及表语 17
形容词副词专项训练 18
Unit2一般现在时 19
一. 定义: 19
二.结构 19
三.变化规则: 19
四.时间词: 20
一般现在时专项训练 20
Unit1特殊疑问词 22
一.特殊疑问句结构 22
二.分类: 22
三.常见的特殊疑问词(组) 22
特殊疑问句专项训练 23
冠词 25
一.分类: 25
二.the具体用法: 25
三.a、an具体用法: 25
四. 冠词具体用法: 25
冠词专项训练 26
Unit 8 代词
一.代词基本用法:
1.定义:指代人物/事物一类词
2.分类:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词, it用法
人称代词:人/物的具体称呼,分为“三个人称”(第一、二、三人称)
物主代词:物体的主人(“...的”),分为“形容词物主,名词性物主”
反身代词:反映人物/事物自身,分为“三个人称”
指示代词:指导表示具体方向,分为“近指,远指”
二.【易错考点】
1.形容词物主代词 + n. = 名词性物主代词
2.help oneself to + 食物:请随便吃点…
3.电话用语:-- Who is that? 你是谁?-- This is ....,speaking我是…请讲...
4.人称代词排序:复数【一二三】,单数【二三一】
5.人称代词:考点:单复数/主宾格转换,主格【主语】/宾格【宾语】,介词/动词+宾格
人称代词主格
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
I
我
we
我们
you
你
you
你们
he
他
she
她
it
它
they
他/她/它们
物主代词
人称
物主代词
形容词性
名词性
第一人称
单数
我的
复数
我们的
第二人称
单数
你的
复数
你们的
第三人称
单数
他的
她的
它的
复数:他/她/它们的
三. it用法:
1. 作形式主语:It's adj. to do sth. 做…,是…
It's adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做……
It's adj. of sb.to do sth. 对某人来说,做……
It's adj. enough to do sth. 足够…做…
It's too adj. to do sth. 太…而不能做…
2.指代上文提到的内容:it : 同物
I have an apple.It is sweet.
one (复数ones):同类
I have an apple.You have one,too.
that (复数those): 比较级
The weather here is hotter than that there.
3. 指代天气,时间,地点,人物,距离,婴儿,未知身份的人【记忆方式:天时地离人合】
4. 作形式宾语:I find / think it adj to do sth.【重点句型】
代词专项训练
1.Tony’s father is a manager. works in a restaurant.
A.Her B.He C.She D.His
2. is Mr. Zhang. father is a doctor.
A.He;His B.She;Her
C.She;His D.He;Her
3. name is Frank. am ten.
A.I;My B.I;I C.My;I D.My;My
4.Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading books.
A.his B.her C.their D.your
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
5.Jack and Tom are (she) sons.
6.Let (we) watch TV.
7.Miss Wang is (we) English teacher.
8. (he) is my brother. (he) name is Tom.
9.—How is your mother?
— (her) is fine. Thank you!
Unit 7 一般过去时
1. 用法:
1.过去经常习惯性动作
2.动作过去发生,过去结束
3.过去存在的状态
二.be动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语+was/were+其他
2.否定句:主语+was/were+not+其他
3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他?
三.实义动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语+V过去式+其他
2.否定句:主语+didn't+V原+其他
3.一般疑问句:Did+主语+V原+其他?
四.V过去式变化规则:
1+ed 2不发音e+d
3.辅y → i+ed 4.元y + ed
5.特殊变化:have → had 6.辅元辅结构:双写末字母+ ed
五.时间词:
1.yesterday类 2.ago类 3.last类 4.in+过去年份… 5.just now类 6.in the past
一般过去时专项训练
一.用所给单词的过去形式填空
1.I (have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. she (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she
3.They all (go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
4.She (not visit) her aunt last weekend.
5.She (stay) at home and (do) some cleaning.
二.单项选择
1.I ________ at home yesterday afternoon because of the heavy rain.
A.stay B.stayed C.will stay D.have stayed
2.When I was on my way home, it _______________ to rain.
A.starts B.started C.will start D.has started
3.I ___________ to ride a bike when I was six years old.
A.learn B.learned C.will learn D.have learnt
4. President Xi Jinping _________ a congratulatory message on Sunday to the Chinese women’s volleyball team, after they won the World Cup title.
A. send B.sent C.were sending D.are sent
5.The day before yesterday, my grandma____________ the city where she was born.
A.visited B.visits C.will visit D.is visiting
6.— What did you do last Sunday, Mike?
— I table tennis with my friends.
A. play B.played C.will play D.have played
Unit 6 句子成分
句子成分:主谓宾表,定状补同 (单词/短语在句中扮演的角色)
↓
状语【词/短语】
↓
用单词/词组说明V /adj/adv/句子进行的情况
↓
←←←←←← 状语从句【句子】
↓ ↓
↓ 用从句说明主句动作进行的情况
条件状语从句(用一个条件从句来说明主句动作进行的情况)
↓
具体解析:
1.连词: if "如果"
as long as "只要"
as soon as "一…就…"
unless "除非"
2.判断主句、从句位置【连词后面为从句】
3.重要考点:主将从现:【主句将来时,从句现在时】
主情从现:【主句情态词,从句现在时】
主祈从现:【主句祈使句,从句现在时】
主现从现:【主句现在时,从句现在时】→ 客观事实
4.易错点:if("是否"意思):后面+具体时态(一般将来时居多)
if("如果"意思):后面+现在时
5.条件状语从句和祈使句的转化:
例. If you work hard,you will pass the exam .
=Work hard,and you will pass the exam.
=Work hard,or you will not pass the exam.
句子成分专项训练
一.完成句子
1. 如果努力学习,你就会取得好成绩。
If you______ ________, you ______ _______ good marks.
2. 他如果看电视太久了,他的父母会不高兴。
If he ___________ TV too much, his parents __________ unhappy.
3. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会,大家都会来的。
Everyone _____ ______ if we __________ a birthday party for him.
4. 如果明天不下雨,我会和你一起去公园的。
If it _____ _______ tomorrow, I _________go to the park with you.
5. 如果他有空,他会帮助你的。
If he ______ ______, he ______ _______you.
二.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.If she asks me,I _________(give)her the answer.
2.I __________(not return) the book to him if he doesn’t come here.
3.What ________(you do)if it begins to rain?
4.Everyone ________(come) if we hold a birthday party for him.
5.You won’t see the biggest mooncake if you ________(not come)to my shop
Unit 5 一般将来时
一.定义用法:
1.将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2.将来经常发生的动作
3.表示一种倾向或者说话人的揣测
二.will类动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语 + will + V原 + 其他
2.否定句:主语 + will + not + V原 + 其他
3.一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + V原 + 其他?
二. be going to动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语 + be going to + V原 + 其他
2.否定句:主语 + be + not + going to + V原 + 其他
3.一般疑问句:Be + 主语 + going to + V原 + 其他?
三.具体区别:
1.will do 表示客观情况
2.be going to 表示主观情况
3.be going to 表示迹象表明将要发生
4.will用于所有人称,一般缩写,will not(一般缩写won't)
5.be going to 的be动词随人称变化
注意:表示移动方向的词用进行时表将来:come,go,leave,take,fly,arrive,move等等。
例句:The bus is coming.车将要来了.
四.解题技巧:
1.找时间词:表示将来的时间
tomorrow(单用)类,next +n类,in+未来时间,in the future
in+一段时间【“在...之后”】,soon, this Saturday类,等
2.找动词
3.动词进行变形【will / be going to】
扩展:和there be 连用→ There is/are ....某处有某物...
某处将有...1.There will be.....2.There is /are going to be .....【be不变,表示将会有.....】
❤不存在❌will going to do...,there have....❌
巧记:if “如果”→ +一般现在时,if“是否” → +一般将来时
一般将来时专项训练
完成句子
1.如果天气好,我们这周末打算去公园野餐。
We in the park this weekend if the weather is nice.
2.她打算下学期开始学习法语。
She is going to French next semester.
3.他们计划下个月搬到新公寓。
They move to a new apartment next month.
4.我一到机场就会给你打电话。
I you as soon as I the airport.
5.他会在看电视前完成作业。
He will before .
6.公司将在明年向市场推出新产品。
The company release a new product in the market .
Unit4名词
1、 定义理解:
表示人物/事物「sb、sth」的名称
2. 具体分类:
专有名词:特殊的sb/sth「大写」
普通名词:普通的sb/sth
可数名词:【考点】— ❶变化规则 ❷表达
不可数名词:【考点】— ❶类别 ❷表达
物质名词、抽象名词
3. 可数名词:
单数「a,an,the,one」复数:「变形」
规则变化:
1. 普通情况 :+s
2. 特殊情况:【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es 【学生超帅有意思】
3. 辅音+y:把y变成ies
4. 元音(a、e、i、o、u、)+y:+s → boys
5. 以o结尾【有命】:+es;【无命】+s
6. 以f/fe结尾的:把f/fe变成ves「刀狼的妻子叫叶子是小偷躲架后」
→ knife;wolf;wife;leaf;thief ;shelf → f/fe变成ves
不规则变化:
1. 元音a变成e:例如man、woman:policemen、policewomen
「注意:German德国人;Roman罗马人;human人类;→ →复数+s」
2. 元音oo变ee:例如tooth;foot;goose鹅
3. 英法联军a变e;中日两国不用变,其他国人+s:英国人(English),法国人(French)
Englishman;Frenchman;Chinese;Japanese;Americans;Australians
4. 全变:child → children;mouse → mice【老鼠】
5. 复合名词:boy/girl student 【复数:boy/girl students,只变后面】
man/woman teacher【复数:men/women teachers,前后都要变】
6. 单复同形:fish;deer;sheep、Chinese、Japanese
7. 形单意复:people人们;family家人;class班级(集体名词)
8. 形复意单:maths数学;politics政治【学科—V单数】
四.不可数名词:
1. 分类:液体类,金属类,时间类,路程类,肉类,......
2. 如何表达? ① 具体量化(词组:a cup of water)② 笼统说法(much,little...)
3. 常见的不可数n: bread面包,news新闻,weather天气,music音乐,advice建议,
courage勇气,information信息,progress进步,paper纸张,meat肉...
五.名词所有格:
“....的”→ ❶名词单数's ❷名词复数' ❸......of.... ❹....to...
This is Jane and Mary's room. 【共同拥有,后面➕'s】
This are Jane's and Mary's rooms.【各自拥有,各自➕'s】
★ 西方节日不加the,中国传统节日加the
【母亲/父亲节:Mother's day / Father's day】【 Teachers' day 教师节,Children's day 儿童节】
【部分用to情况】:
the key to the door 门的钥匙 the answer to the question问题的答案
the ticket to ....门票 the entrance to ....入口
名词专项训练
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.There are thirteen (strawberry) on the table.
2.Tom likes (tomato) very much.
3.Look at those (photo).They are very beautiful.
二.单项选择
1.—What vegetable do you like, Cindy?
— , I think.
A.Chicken B.Carrots C.Ice-cream D.Strawberries
2.Mary likes some and for lunch.
A.beef;tomato B.beefs;tomato C.beef;tomatoes D.beefs;tomatoes
3.Some are in the schoolbag.
A.banana B.books C.pen
三.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Tom经常问Mary要她的铅笔。(汉译英)
Tom often Mary her pencil.
2.我没有足球,但是我有一个棒球。(汉译英)
I a football, but I have a baseball.
3.Mike thinks math is interesting. (改为否定句)
Mike math is interesting.
4.Does he have a ping-pong ball?(作肯定回答)
, he .
5.Here is an English dictionary.(改为复数形式)
Here two English .
There be句型
一、基本用法
1.There be句型主要用来表达“某地或某时有某人或某物”,其基本句型为“ There be+某物/某人+某地某时”,其中 there没有实际意义;be是谓语动词;“某人或某物”做句子的主语;“某地或某时”做句子的状语,一般是介词短语。
There is a football under the chair.椅子下面有个足球。
2.There be句型中的be动词在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is,是复数时用are。
There is a flower in the bottle.瓶子里有一朵花。
There are some books in the backpack.背包里有些书。
3.There be句型的否定结构在is/are后面加not,一般疑问句把is或are放在there之前,肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”,否定回答“No,there isn't/aren't.”。如果肯定句中有some,否定句和疑问句一般要改成any。
There aren't any children on the playground.操场上没有一些孩子。
—Is there a bank near here?在这附近有银行吗?
—Yes,there is.是的,有。/No,there isn't.不,没有。
There are some children in the picture.照片里有一些孩子。
There aren't any children in the picture.照片里没有一些孩子。
二、特殊用法
1.若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。(就近原则)
There is a boy,a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。
There are ten students and a teacher in the office.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
2.“There be+名词或代词+动词-ing形式”意思是“有某人或某物正在做……”。
There are some teachers playing basketball on the playground.有些老师正在操场上打篮球。
3.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为“There will be+名词+其他成分.”或“There is going to be+名词+其他成分.”,意为“将要有……或“将举行……”。(注意:不论be后的名词是单数还是复数,be不能写成is/are)
There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。
三、难点突破
There be句型与 have/has都可以意为“有”,但它们的含义不同。There be句型表示的是“存在关系”,而 have/has表示的却是“所有关系”,have/has的主语一般是人,有时也可以是物。
There is a car in front of the school gate.学校门前有辆小汽车。(强调车在门前)
I have a car.我有一辆小汽车。(强调车归我所有)
注意(1)如果这两个表示“有”的句型中含有some,改为否定句或疑问句时some要改为any。
There is some water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。
→ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
(2)表示“构成”关系时,have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思,可以进行同义句转换。
A week has seven days.
=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.There (be) fifty books here.
2.There (be) some water in the glass.
3.There (be) a lot of apples on the table.
4.There (be) an old building in front of our school.
5.There (be) some cups of tea on the table.
二..按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.There is a library across from the school.(改为否定句)
a library across from the school.
2.There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句)
birds in the tree?
3.Is there a baseball under the chair?(作肯定回答)
Yes, .
4.There are some children in the street. (改为一般疑问句)
children in the street?
5.There is a cat under the tree.(改为一般疑问句)
a cat under the tree?
三.用have,has,there is或there are填空
1.I a good father and a good mother.
2. a basketball in the playground.
3.They a nice garden.
4. a reading room in the building.
5. some books in the bookcase.
6.My father a storybook.
7. a storybook on the table.
8. some flowers in the vase.
9.My parents some nice pictures.
10. a map of the world on the wall.
Unit3形容词/副词
一.定义:
adj:形容人物/事物的一类词
2. 位置:
1.I am beautiful.【be动词后面】→ 系动词
2. I look happy. 【感官动词后面】→ 系动词
总结:系动词 + adj = 系表结构
3 He makes me angry. 【宾语后面】
4This is a lovely girl . 【名词n前面,前置】
5There is a boy asleep in the room. 【名词n后面,后置】
3. 分类:
ful类:careful,useful,helpful.....
less类:careless,useless,helpless......
ly类:lovely,friendly,lively(生动的),likely(可能的)......
able类:knowledgeable(渊博的),comfortable,drinkable(可饮用的).....
ous类:dangerous,humorous(幽默的),curious(好奇的)
ing类:interesting,amazing,surprising.....(形容人/物)
ed类:interested,amazed,surprised.....(形容人)
y类:sunny,rainy,windy,cloudy .....
tive类:active,creative,positive(积极的),negative(消极的)....
en类:dozen (一打),frozen(冻僵的),.....
复合形容词:hard-working(勤奋的), heartbroken(心碎的).....
4. 多个adj排序问题:
【口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房】
美:主观感受 小:大小(高矮) 圆:形状(胖瘦) 旧:新旧 黄:颜色 法国:产地(国家)
木:材质
5. 高频考点adj句型:
It's adj to do sth 做...是 ....
It's adj【for sb】to do sth 做...(对某人来说)是 ....【adj形容sth】
It's adj【of sb】to do sth 做...(对某人来说)是 ....【adj形容sb】
例: It's kind【of sb】to do sth
例: It's important【for sb】to do sth
It's adj enough to do sth足够....去.....
It's too adj to do sth太....而不能...
6. adj辨析:
lonely孤独的【精神上】,alone孤独的【身体上】
likely【可能的】,alike【像的】
ill【生病的,后置定语,邪恶的】,sick【生病的,l前置定语,恶心的】
a little 【+adj】= a bit 【+adj/adv】一点点
a little 【+n】= a bit of【+n】 一点点
副词
1.定义:
修饰v,adj,adv,句子;短语等
2.位置:
1.be动词「后面」:I am often late for school.
2.实义动词/行为动词【前面】:I always go to SKL.
3.副词短语:【一般句末/句首】I go to school at 7:00.
4.放adj/adv 前面表示程度: He is very handsome./He runs very fast.
5.修饰句子【一般句首/句末】
3.adv辨析:
hard努力地,hardly几乎不
long长长地,wide宽宽地,deep深深地,high高高地【实际可以衡量】
longly长远地,widely广泛地,deeply深深地,highly高度地【抽象概念】
well: n水井,adj健康的,adv好地,出色地
good: n. 货物,利益,好处,adj 心情状态好
形容词的用法
形容词做定语及表语
A. 作定语:修饰或限制名词或不定代词或疑问代词,或疑问副词。
1.前置定语:形容词修饰或限制名词,一般放在它所修饰或限制的名词之前。
(1) One New Years Day, we put on our new clothes.
(2) I want to make some American friends.
(3) Liu Sanzi is an eight-year-old boy.
(其中eight-year-old叫复合形容词,其构成形式是:“数词+名词+形容词”,中间加连字符)
注意:如果形容词较多时,应该按照以下规则排序:
口诀:美小圆旧黄,中国木书房
美:描述或性质类;小:大小、长短、高低、胖瘦类;圆:形状类形容词;旧:新旧、年龄类形容词;黄:颜色类形容词;中国:来源、国籍、地区、出处类形容词;木:物质、材料。
例:a beautiful short new red Chinese woolen coat
B.形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后:
1. 形容词短语作定语时要后置。如:
I think he is a man suitable for the job.
We need a place twice larger than this one.
2. 表语形容词作定语要后置。如:
He spoke like a man afraid.
He must be the best violinist alive.
3.形容词修饰或限制不定代词(something, anything, nothing, everything),常放在不定代词之后。如:
Tell me something interesting.
Anyone intelligent can do it.
4.else, left, present(出席的、在场的)等形容词作定语修饰名词时常后置,以说明名词的状态、特点等情况。例如:
All the people present spoke at the meeting.
I have little money left in my pocket, so I could buy nothing.
Anything else can I do for you, Madame?
5. 由and, or等连接的两个或几个形容词作定语时常后置,从而进一步说明被修饰词的性质或特点,并起强调作用。如:
I like reading story-books both interesting and instructive.
People in the village, young and old, went to see the film yesterday evening.
Power stations, large and small, have been set up all over the country.
6. enough作定语修饰或限制名词时,放名词之前;修饰形容词时,放形容词之后(形前名后)。如:
Pandas will have enough food to eat.
Your English is wonderful enough.
形容词副词专项训练
一.单项选择
1 Andy, you were the only person that was late for the meeting, why?
Sorry, sir. But I really had a __________ time finding the meeting hall.
A. enjoyable B. funny C. difficult D. pleasant
2. Mr Brown always makes his class _______ and keeps his students _______ in class.
A. alive; interesting B. lively; interesting C. alive; interested D. lively; interested
3.Marsha thought her friends would do something __________ to celebrate her birthday, but they just gave her a birthday card.
A. correct B. honest C. quick D. special
4. What do you think of the cake?
-I like it very much. It tastes __________.
A. good B. terrible C. well D terrible
5. I don’t have enough money. This watch is too expensive.
-Look, there are some more over there. They’re ______ and nice.
A. big B. old C. small D. cheap
二.根据括号内的单词填入适当的形容词
1. This plant needs a warm and _________(sun) place
2. It is a _______(snow) winter this year.
3. Jimmy told us about his ________(amaze) trip to Hongkong.
4. The Greens spent a __________(love) day by the sea.
5. Jenny often wears a _________(fun) hat.
Unit2一般现在时
1. 定义:
① 现在经常/平时做的事情【实义动词】
② 现在的状态 【be动词 → am /is /are】
③ 客观真理,无法改变
二.结构
一:肯定句:主语 + am/is/are +其他
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not +其他
疑问句:Am/is/are +主语 +其他?
二:肯定句:主语 + V复/ V单+其他
否定句:主语 + don't / doesn't + V原+其他
疑问句:Do /Does+主语+ V原 其他?
三.变化规则:
1.一般情况:+s
2.特殊情况:【O、S、X、Ch、Sh】+ es
3.辅音+y:变y为i+es
4.元音+y:+s 【a e i o u】→
5.特殊变化:have → has
四.时间词:
频率adv:always、usually、often、sometimes有时、hardly几乎不、seldom很少、never从不【表否定】
频率副词短语:once a week 、twice a week、every day 、every year ...on Mondays / Tuesdays ...
【频率adv】位置:实前be后
扩展:if条件状语从句:主将从现If I come back home,I will call you.
巧记:if 如果【+现在时】,if是否【+将来时】
一般现在时专项训练
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Alex (hope) he can visit the USA in the future.
2.Sandy with her friends often (fly) a kite in the park.
3. (be) your friend ready for tomorrow’s evening party?
4.Members in this club (be not) careful. They often leave the club with the lights on.
5.Cindy is a kind girl. Everyone in our class (enjoy) playing with her.
6.My best friend and I (be not) in the same school. We meet at the weekend.
7.My mother (not go) to work on Saturdays or Sundays.
8.Millie’s family often (read) together in the living room.
9.Watching football matches (be) her hobby.
10.We all know light (go) faster than sound.
二.按要求完成句子,每空一词
11.I’m your English teacher this term.(改为一般疑问句)
our English teacher this term?
12.Li Lei writes to his father every month. (改为一般疑问句)
Li Lei to his father every month?
13.My mother does housework in the morning.(改为否定句)
My mother housework in the morning.
14.Do you often have breakfast at home?(用 Kitty代替 you 改写句子)
Kitty often breakfast at home?
15.The old woman goes to the supermarket on foot. (对画线部分提问)
the old woman to the supermarket?
三.单项选择
16.My T⁃shirt white and my trousers yellow.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
17.When I play football with my cousins, my father sometimes our games. My mother often at weekends.
A.looks at;shops B.sees;shopping
C.watches;shops D.looks;shopping
18.—Do you often listen to music on the radio?
—No. But my mother .
A.do B.listens C.doesn’t D.does
19.— Millie’s cousin Andy a member of Grade 7?
—No, he from Grade 8.
A.Are;is B.Does;doesn’t
C.Are;aren't D.Is;is
20.— you play computer games at weekends, Alan?
—Yes. But my mother let me play for long.
A.Do;doesn't B.Do;isn’t
C.Are;doesn't D.Are;isn’t
Unit1特殊疑问词
一.特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 (be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他?)
二.分类:
① wh-- :what、who、when、where、which、whom、whose...
② how类:how much(问价格/数量)
how many(问数量)
how long (问时间长度)
how far (问距离)
how old (问年龄)
how often(问频率)
how .... (问方式)
how soon (问多快 → in+一段时间)
三.常见的特殊疑问词(组)
特殊疑问词(组)
询问对象
含义
例句
what
事物
What's your name?你叫什么名字?
what color
颜色
What color is your car?
你的车是什么颜色的?
where
地点
Where's my schoolbag?
我的书包在哪里?
why
原因
Why do you like fruit?
你为什么喜欢水果?
when
时间
When is your birthday?
你的生日在什么时候?
how
方式、程度
How did you solve the problem?
你是怎样解决这个问题的?
who
人
Who's she?她是谁?
how much
价钱
How much is this Jacket?
这件夹克多少钱?
how old
年龄
How old is your grandma?
你奶奶多大年纪?
口决助记
what用法真广泛,要问“什么”它当先,
姓名职业和颜色,what time问时间。
“什么时候”常用when,how主要问“怎样”。
where用来问地点,why问“原因”记心间。
特殊疑问句专项训练
一.单项填空
1.—______ do you usually go school,Mary?
—By bike.
A.When B.How C.Where D.Why
2.—______is your brother?
—He's twenty.
A.How old B.How much C.What D.Who
3.—______does she live?
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
A.What B.Where C.Which
4.—______is the black T-shirt?
—It's 58 yuan.
A.What B.How much C.How many D.What color
5.—______students are there in your class?
—Fifty.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far
二.用方框中所给疑问词的适当形式填空
what,when,how,why,who
6.—___Why___does Jenny like geography?
—Because she thinks it's interesting.
7.—______is your day, Lucy?
—It s OK.
8.—______is Alice's favorite color?
—Red.
9.—______is the woman in red?
—My mother.
10.—______do you go to bed?
—At about 11:00.
三.对画线部分提问
11.He likes English because it's interesting.
he like English?
12.Her favorite food is the hot dog.
her favorite food?
13.Her computer is on the desk.
is her computer?
14.My grandpa is 75 years old.
is your grandpa?
15.She has an art lesson at 11:00 on Tuesday.
does she an art lesson?
四.选择适当的疑问词(组)填空
why, who, how much, where, when
1.— is your backpack(背包)?
—It's 100 yuan.
2.— is your music teacher?
—Ms. Gao.
3.— is New Year's Day?
—It's on January 1st.
94.— do you like Chinese history?
—Because it is interesting.
5.— is your sweater?
—It's on my bed.
五.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Those balls are black and white.(对画线部分提问)
are those balls?
2.His schoolbag is on the desk.(对画线部分提问)
his schoolbag?
3.Her brother is 5 years old.(对画线部分提问)
is her brother?
4.I go to Beijing with my mother on Saturday. (对画线部分提问)
you go to Beijing with your mother?
5.Those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are 80 yuan.(对画线部分提问)
are those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022?
冠词
一.分类:
定冠词the、不定冠词a或an、零冠词 /
二.the具体用法:
【口诀:独指方,高乐序,姓形专固定】
① 独一无二的事物(the sun,the earth....)
② 特指 / 指双方都知道的事物( I have a book .The book is cheap.)
③ 方位名词前(the east,the west,the left, the right.....)
④ 最高级前(the most beautiful)
⑤ 西洋乐器前(play the piano / violin...)
⑥ 序数词前(the first,the second....)→ 特殊情况:a +序数词(又,再....)
⑦ 外国姓氏+ s前(表示一家人,V复)→ The Greens
⑧ 形容词前(一类人,V复→ the old,the young, the rich....)
⑨ 专有名词前(the Great Wall ,the West Lake....)
⑩ 固定搭配(the other其他的)
三.a、an具体用法:
a、an【单数n前】→ 选择看发音【元音→ a.e.i.o.u用an,辅音a】
易错举例: an hour 、a university大学、an “M”、an unusual book
an eight-year-old boy、a one-year-old boy......an honest boy诚实的
固定搭配:
stay in bed 卧床,go to the school 去学校,go to school去上学,take the medicine吃药
4. 冠词具体用法:
/ 【口诀:国季球学乘名星,三餐棋牌头衔地】
① 国家:China、Japan
除:the United States美国,the United Kingdom英国,the United Nations联合国】
【the USA美,the UK 英,the US美,the UN联合国】
② 季节
③ 球类(play basketball)
④ 学科(maths、English.....)
⑤ 乘坐交通工具by(by bus 、by car)
⑥ 人名, 地名
⑦ 星期(on Monday....)
⑧ 三餐(笼统说法:have breakfast → 具体+ a : have a delicious breakfast)
⑨ 下棋打牌(play chess、play cards)
⑩ 头衔,职称(The teacher makes me / monitor.)
冠词专项训练
一.单项选择
1.—What’s that on the table?
—It’s player.
A.a B.an C.the
2.The boys often play basketball after school.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
3.—Is that ruler?
—No. It’s eraser.
A.a;a B.an;an C.a;an D.an;a
4.Jordan is NBA star and he has ______ one-year-old daughter.
A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an D.a;a
5.There is “u” and “l” in the word “uncle”.
A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;an
6.I have big family. I love my family.
A.a B.an C.the
7.You missed “r” in the word “brown”.
A.a B.an C.the D./
8.This is orange. There is “n” in the word.
A.an;an B.a;an C.an;a
9.That is football. I like playing _______ football very much.
A.a;the B.a;/ C.a;a D./;/
10.—Is there art lesson in the morning?
—Yes, and we have PE too.
A.a;a B.a;/ C.an;a D.an;/
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
重点语法归纳
目录
Unit 8 代词 3
一.代词基本用法: 4
二.【易错考点】 4
三. it用法: 5
代词专项训练 5
Unit 7 一般过去时 6
一. 用法: 6
二.be动词结构: 6
三.实义动词结构: 6
四.V过去式变化规则: 6
五.时间词: 6
一般过去时专项训练 6
Unit 6 句子成分 8
句子成分专项训练 9
Unit 5 一般将来时 9
一.定义用法: 9
二.will类动词结构: 9
三. be going to动词结构: 10
四.具体区别: 10
五.解题技巧: 10
Unit4名词 11
一、 定义理解: 11
二. 具体分类: 11
三. 可数名词: 11
规则变化: 11
四.不可数名词: 12
五.名词所有格: 12
名词专项训练 12
There be句型 13
一、基本用法 13
二、特殊用法 14
三、难点突破 14
Unit3形容词/副词 16
一.定义: 16
2. 位置: 16
3. 分类: 16
4. 多个adj排序问题: 16
5. 高频考点adj句型: 16
6. adj辨析: 17
副词 17
1.定义: 17
2.位置: 17
形容词的用法 17
形容词做定语及表语 17
形容词副词专项训练 18
Unit2一般现在时 19
一. 定义: 19
二.结构 19
三.变化规则: 19
四.时间词: 20
一般现在时专项训练 20
Unit1特殊疑问词 22
一.特殊疑问句结构 22
二.分类: 22
三.常见的特殊疑问词(组) 22
特殊疑问句专项训练 23
冠词 25
一.分类: 25
二.the具体用法: 25
三.a、an具体用法: 25
四. 冠词具体用法: 25
冠词专项训练 26
Unit 8 代词
一.代词基本用法:
1.定义:指代人物/事物一类词
2.分类:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词, it用法
人称代词:人/物的具体称呼,分为“三个人称”(第一、二、三人称)
物主代词:物体的主人(“...的”),分为“形容词物主,名词性物主”
反身代词:反映人物/事物自身,分为“三个人称”
指示代词:指导表示具体方向,分为“近指,远指”
二.【易错考点】
1.形容词物主代词 + n. = 名词性物主代词
2.help oneself to + 食物:请随便吃点…
3.电话用语:-- Who is that? 你是谁?-- This is ....,speaking我是…请讲...
4.人称代词排序:复数【一二三】,单数【二三一】
5.人称代词:考点:单复数/主宾格转换,主格【主语】/宾格【宾语】,介词/动词+宾格
人称代词主格
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
I
我
we
我们
you
你
you
你们
he
他
she
她
it
它
they
他/她/它们
物主代词
人称
物主代词
形容词性
名词性
第一人称
单数
我的
my
mine
复数
我们的
our
ours
第二人称
单数
你的
your
yours
复数
你们的
第三人称
单数
他的
his
his
她的
her
hers
它的
its
its
复数:他/她/它们的
their
theirs
三. it用法:
1. 作形式主语:It's adj. to do sth. 做…,是…
It's adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做……
It's adj. of sb.to do sth. 对某人来说,做……
It's adj. enough to do sth. 足够…做…
It's too adj. to do sth. 太…而不能做…
2.指代上文提到的内容:it : 同物
I have an apple.It is sweet.
one (复数ones):同类
I have an apple.You have one,too.
that (复数those): 比较级
The weather here is hotter than that there.
3. 指代天气,时间,地点,人物,距离,婴儿,未知身份的人【记忆方式:天时地离人合】
4. 作形式宾语:I find / think it adj to do sth.【重点句型】
代词专项训练
1.Tony’s father is a manager. works in a restaurant.
A.Her B.He C.She D.His
2. is Mr. Zhang. father is a doctor.
A.He;His B.She;Her
C.She;His D.He;Her
3. name is Frank. am ten.
A.I;My B.I;I C.My;I D.My;My
4.Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading books.
A.his B.her C.their D.your
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
5.Jack and Tom are (she) sons.
6.Let (we) watch TV.
7.Miss Wang is (we) English teacher.
8. (he) is my brother. (he) name is Tom.
9.—How is your mother?
— (her) is fine. Thank you!
1.B 句意:Tony的爸爸是一名经理。他在一家餐厅工作。根据句意可知,设空处在句中作主语,应用He指代Tony的父亲,故答案为B。
2.A 第一句中的Mr. Zhang是男性,该句缺主语,设空处应用人称代词主格He;father前缺少限定词,结合上句可知第二个设空处应用形容词性物主代词His表示“他的”父亲。故选A。
3.C 第一句中的name前缺少限定词,第一个设空处应用形容词性物主代词;第二个设空处所在句缺主语,应用人称代词主格。故选C。
4.A 本句主语Mr. Jackson是男性,故设空处使用形容词性物主代词his。
5.her 设空处后是名词sons,因此设空处应用形容词性物主代词her。
6.us 设空处在句中作宾语,故用宾格形式us。
7.our 设空处后是名词 teacher,故此处用形容词性物主代词our。
8.He;His 第一句缺主语,故第一空应用人称代词主格He。第二句中的name前缺少限定词,故第二空应用形容词性物主代词His。
9.She 设空处所在句缺主语,故应用人称代词主格She。
Unit 7 一般过去时
1. 用法:
1.过去经常习惯性动作
2.动作过去发生,过去结束
3.过去存在的状态
二.be动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语+was/were+其他
2.否定句:主语+was/were+not+其他
3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他?
三.实义动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语+V过去式+其他
2.否定句:主语+didn't+V原+其他
3.一般疑问句:Did+主语+V原+其他?
四.V过去式变化规则:
1+ed 2不发音e+d
3.辅y → i+ed 4.元y + ed
5.特殊变化:have → had 6.辅元辅结构:双写末字母+ ed
五.时间词:
1.yesterday类 2.ago类 3.last类 4.in+过去年份… 5.just now类 6.in the past
一般过去时专项训练
一.用所给单词的过去形式填空
1.I had(have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. Did she practice (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she
3.They all went(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
4.She didn’t visit (not visit) her aunt last weekend.
5.She stayed (stay) at home and did (do) some cleaning.
二.单项选择
1.I ________ at home yesterday afternoon because of the heavy rain.
A.stay B.stayed C.will stay D.have stayed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:因为大雨,我昨天下午待在家里。
本题考查时态。stay是一般现在时,stayed是一般过去时,will stay是一般将来时,have stayed是现在完成时。根据yesterday afternoon可知,此处用一般过去时,故选B。
2.When I was on my way home, it _______________ to rain.
A.starts B.started C.will start D.has started
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在我回家的路上,天开始下雨了。
考查时态。A项为一般现在时;B项为一般过去时;C项为一般将来时;D项现在完成时。根据从句When I was on my way home可知,应该使用过去时态。故选B。
3.I ___________ to ride a bike when I was six years old.
A.learn B.learned C.will learn D.have learnt
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我6岁就学会了骑车了。
考查时态。A项为一般现在时;B为一般过去时;C一般将来时;D为现在完成时。根据从句when I was six years old.可知应该使用一般过去时态,故选B。
4. President Xi Jinping _________ a congratulatory message on Sunday to the Chinese women’s volleyball team, after they won the World Cup title.
A. send B.sent C.were sending D.are sent
【答案】B
【解析】句意:习近平主席向中国女排致以贺词,在中国女排星期日夺得世界杯冠军后,。
考查动词。根据after they won the World Cup title,可知该句为一般过去时,且主语与谓语动词send是主动关系,所以应填 send的过去式sent,故选B。
5.The day before yesterday, my grandma____________ the city where she was born.
A.visited B.visits C.will visit D.is visiting
【答案】A
【解析】句意:前天,我的奶奶参观了她出生的那个城市。
考查一般过去时的用法。根据题干中“the day before yesterday”前天,可知是过去的时间,故用一般过去时,故选A。
6.— What did you do last Sunday, Mike?
— I table tennis with my friends.
A. play B.played C.will play D.have played
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——上星期天你干什么了,迈克?——我和朋友们打乒乓球了。
考查动词时态。play一般现在时;played一般过去时;will play一般将来时;have played现在完成时。根据问句的时间状语“last Sunday”可知此句时态是一般过去时;故选B。
Unit 6 句子成分
句子成分:主谓宾表,定状补同 (单词/短语在句中扮演的角色)
↓
状语【词/短语】
↓
用单词/词组说明V /adj/adv/句子进行的情况
↓
←←←←←← 状语从句【句子】
↓ ↓
↓ 用从句说明主句动作进行的情况
条件状语从句(用一个条件从句来说明主句动作进行的情况)
↓
具体解析:
1.连词: if "如果"
as long as "只要"
as soon as "一…就…"
unless "除非"
2.判断主句、从句位置【连词后面为从句】
3.重要考点:主将从现:【主句将来时,从句现在时】
主情从现:【主句情态词,从句现在时】
主祈从现:【主句祈使句,从句现在时】
主现从现:【主句现在时,从句现在时】→ 客观事实
4.易错点:if("是否"意思):后面+具体时态(一般将来时居多)
if("如果"意思):后面+现在时
5.条件状语从句和祈使句的转化:
例. If you work hard,you will pass the exam .
=Work hard,and you will pass the exam.
=Work hard,or you will not pass the exam.
句子成分专项训练
一.完成句子
1. 如果努力学习,你就会取得好成绩。
If you______ ________, you ______ _______ good marks.
2. 他如果看电视太久了,他的父母会不高兴。
If he ___________ TV too much, his parents __________ unhappy.
3. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会,大家都会来的。
Everyone _____ ______ if we __________ a birthday party for him.
4. 如果明天不下雨,我会和你一起去公园的。
If it _____ _______ tomorrow, I _________go to the park with you.
5. 如果他有空,他会帮助你的。
If he ______ ______, he ______ _______you.
1.word hard will get 2.watches will be3.will come; hold 4.doesn’t rain; will 5.is free; will help
二.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.If she asks me,I _________(give)her the answer.
2.I __________(not return) the book to him if he doesn’t come here.
3.What ________(you do)if it begins to rain?
4.Everyone ________(come) if we hold a birthday party for him.
5.You won’t see the biggest mooncake if you ________(not come)to my shop
1.will give 2.won’t return 3.will you do 4.will come 5.don’t come
Unit 5 一般将来时
一.定义用法:
1.将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2.将来经常发生的动作
3.表示一种倾向或者说话人的揣测
二.will类动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语 + will + V原 + 其他
2.否定句:主语 + will + not + V原 + 其他
3.一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + V原 + 其他?
二. be going to动词结构:
1.肯定句:主语 + be going to + V原 + 其他
2.否定句:主语 + be + not + going to + V原 + 其他
3.一般疑问句:Be + 主语 + going to + V原 + 其他?
三.具体区别:
1.will do 表示客观情况
2.be going to 表示主观情况
3.be going to 表示迹象表明将要发生
4.will用于所有人称,一般缩写,will not(一般缩写won't)
5.be going to 的be动词随人称变化
注意:表示移动方向的词用进行时表将来:come,go,leave,take,fly,arrive,move等等。
例句:The bus is coming.车将要来了.
四.解题技巧:
1.找时间词:表示将来的时间
tomorrow(单用)类,next +n类,in+未来时间,in the future
in+一段时间【“在...之后”】,soon, this Saturday类,等
2.找动词
3.动词进行变形【will / be going to】
扩展:和there be 连用→ There is/are ....某处有某物...
某处将有...1.There will be.....2.There is /are going to be .....【be不变,表示将会有.....】
❤不存在❌will going to do...,there have....❌
巧记:if “如果”→ +一般现在时,if“是否” → +一般将来时
一般将来时专项训练
完成句子
1.如果天气好,我们这周末打算去公园野餐。
We in the park this weekend if the weather is nice.
2.她打算下学期开始学习法语。
She is going to French next semester.
3.他们计划下个月搬到新公寓。
They move to a new apartment next month.
4.我一到机场就会给你打电话。
I you as soon as I the airport.
5.他会在看电视前完成作业。
He will before .
6.公司将在明年向市场推出新产品。
The company release a new product in the market .
1.are going to have a picnic 2.start learning
3.are going to 4.will call; arrive at
5.finish his homework; watching TV 6.will; next year
Unit4名词
1、 定义理解:
表示人物/事物「sb、sth」的名称
2. 具体分类:
专有名词:特殊的sb/sth「大写」
普通名词:普通的sb/sth
可数名词:【考点】— ❶变化规则 ❷表达
不可数名词:【考点】— ❶类别 ❷表达
物质名词、抽象名词
3. 可数名词:
单数「a,an,the,one」复数:「变形」
规则变化:
1. 普通情况 :+s
2. 特殊情况:【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es 【学生超帅有意思】
3. 辅音+y:把y变成ies
4. 元音(a、e、i、o、u、)+y:+s → boys
5. 以o结尾【有命】:+es;【无命】+s
6. 以f/fe结尾的:把f/fe变成ves「刀狼的妻子叫叶子是小偷躲架后」
→ knife;wolf;wife;leaf;thief ;shelf → f/fe变成ves
不规则变化:
1. 元音a变成e:例如man、woman:policemen、policewomen
「注意:German德国人;Roman罗马人;human人类;→ →复数+s」
2. 元音oo变ee:例如tooth;foot;goose鹅
3. 英法联军a变e;中日两国不用变,其他国人+s:英国人(English),法国人(French)
Englishman;Frenchman;Chinese;Japanese;Americans;Australians
4. 全变:child → children;mouse → mice【老鼠】
5. 复合名词:boy/girl student 【复数:boy/girl students,只变后面】
man/woman teacher【复数:men/women teachers,前后都要变】
6. 单复同形:fish;deer;sheep、Chinese、Japanese
7. 形单意复:people人们;family家人;class班级(集体名词)
8. 形复意单:maths数学;politics政治【学科—V单数】
四.不可数名词:
1. 分类:液体类,金属类,时间类,路程类,肉类,......
2. 如何表达? ① 具体量化(词组:a cup of water)② 笼统说法(much,little...)
3. 常见的不可数n: bread面包,news新闻,weather天气,music音乐,advice建议,
courage勇气,information信息,progress进步,paper纸张,meat肉...
五.名词所有格:
“....的”→ ❶名词单数's ❷名词复数' ❸......of.... ❹....to...
This is Jane and Mary's room. 【共同拥有,后面➕'s】
This are Jane's and Mary's rooms.【各自拥有,各自➕'s】
★ 西方节日不加the,中国传统节日加the
【母亲/父亲节:Mother's day / Father's day】【 Teachers' day 教师节,Children's day 儿童节】
【部分用to情况】:
the key to the door 门的钥匙 the answer to the question问题的答案
the ticket to ....门票 the entrance to ....入口
名词专项训练
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.There are thirteen (strawberry) on the table.
2.Tom likes (tomato) very much.
3.Look at those (photo).They are very beautiful.
1.strawberries 2.tomatoes 3.photos
二.单项选择
1.—What vegetable do you like, Cindy?
— , I think.
A.Chicken B.Carrots C.Ice-cream D.Strawberries
答案 B 考查名词辨析。根据问句“What vegetable do you like”可知,在问“最喜欢的蔬菜”。四个选项中只有B项是蔬菜。故选B。
2.Mary likes some and for lunch.
A.beef;tomato B.beefs;tomato C.beef;tomatoes D.beefs;tomatoes
答案C 考查名词复数。beef是不可数名词,没有复数形式;tomato的复数形式为tomatoes。结合题干中的some可知,C项符合题意。故选C。
3.Some are in the schoolbag.
A.banana B.books C.pen
答案B 考查名词的数。所给单词均为可数名词,设空处前面有some,所以这里用名词复数形式,只有B选项符合。故选B。
三.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Tom经常问Mary要她的铅笔。(汉译英)
Tom often Mary her pencil.
2.我没有足球,但是我有一个棒球。(汉译英)
I a football, but I have a baseball.
3.Mike thinks math is interesting. (改为否定句)
Mike math is interesting.
4.Does he have a ping-pong ball?(作肯定回答)
, he .
5.Here is an English dictionary.(改为复数形式)
Here two English .
1.asks;for 2.don't have 3.doesn't think 4.Yes;does 5.are;dictionaries
There be句型
一、基本用法
1.There be句型主要用来表达“某地或某时有某人或某物”,其基本句型为“ There be+某物/某人+某地某时”,其中 there没有实际意义;be是谓语动词;“某人或某物”做句子的主语;“某地或某时”做句子的状语,一般是介词短语。
There is a football under the chair.椅子下面有个足球。
2.There be句型中的be动词在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is,是复数时用are。
There is a flower in the bottle.瓶子里有一朵花。
There are some books in the backpack.背包里有些书。
3.There be句型的否定结构在is/are后面加not,一般疑问句把is或are放在there之前,肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”,否定回答“No,there isn't/aren't.”。如果肯定句中有some,否定句和疑问句一般要改成any。
There aren't any children on the playground.操场上没有一些孩子。
—Is there a bank near here?在这附近有银行吗?
—Yes,there is.是的,有。/No,there isn't.不,没有。
There are some children in the picture.照片里有一些孩子。
There aren't any children in the picture.照片里没有一些孩子。
二、特殊用法
1.若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。(就近原则)
There is a boy,a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。
There are ten students and a teacher in the office.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
2.“There be+名词或代词+动词-ing形式”意思是“有某人或某物正在做……”。
There are some teachers playing basketball on the playground.有些老师正在操场上打篮球。
3.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为“There will be+名词+其他成分.”或“There is going to be+名词+其他成分.”,意为“将要有……或“将举行……”。(注意:不论be后的名词是单数还是复数,be不能写成is/are)
There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。
三、难点突破
There be句型与 have/has都可以意为“有”,但它们的含义不同。There be句型表示的是“存在关系”,而 have/has表示的却是“所有关系”,have/has的主语一般是人,有时也可以是物。
There is a car in front of the school gate.学校门前有辆小汽车。(强调车在门前)
I have a car.我有一辆小汽车。(强调车归我所有)
注意(1)如果这两个表示“有”的句型中含有some,改为否定句或疑问句时some要改为any。
There is some water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。
→ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
(2)表示“构成”关系时,have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思,可以进行同义句转换。
A week has seven days.
=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.There (be) fifty books here.
2.There (be) some water in the glass.
3.There (be) a lot of apples on the table.
4.There (be) an old building in front of our school.
5.There (be) some cups of tea on the table.
二..按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.There is a library across from the school.(改为否定句)
a library across from the school.
2.There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句)
birds in the tree?
3.Is there a baseball under the chair?(作肯定回答)
Yes, .
4.There are some children in the street. (改为一般疑问句)
children in the street?
5.There is a cat under the tree.(改为一般疑问句)
a cat under the tree?
三.用have,has,there is或there are填空
1.I a good father and a good mother.
2. a basketball in the playground.
3.They a nice garden.
4. a reading room in the building.
5. some books in the bookcase.
6.My father a storybook.
7. a storybook on the table.
8. some flowers in the vase.
9.My parents some nice pictures.
10. a map of the world on the wall.
1.are there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数books可知设空处应用are。
2.is there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是不可数名词water可知设空处应用is。
3.are there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数apples可知设空处应用are。
4.is there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数building可知设空处应用is。
5.are there be句型中由be动词后面的cups可知设空处应用are。
二.1.There isn’t 2.Are there any 3.there is 4.Are there any 5.Is there
三.1.have 设空处表示“拥有”,主语是I,故填have。
2.There is 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数basketball,故be动词用is。
3.have 设空处表示“拥有”,主语是They,故填have。
4.There is 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数reading room,故be动词用is。
5.There are 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数books,故be动词用are。
6.has 设空处表示“拥有”,主语是My father,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。
7.There is 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数storybook,故be动词用is。
8.There are 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数flowers,故be动词用are。
9.have 设空处表示“拥有”,主语是My parents,故填have。
10.There is 设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数map,故be动词用is。
Unit3形容词/副词
一.定义:
adj:形容人物/事物的一类词
2. 位置:
1.I am beautiful.【be动词后面】→ 系动词
2. I look happy. 【感官动词后面】→ 系动词
总结:系动词 + adj = 系表结构
3 He makes me angry. 【宾语后面】
4This is a lovely girl . 【名词n前面,前置】
5There is a boy asleep in the room. 【名词n后面,后置】
3. 分类:
ful类:careful,useful,helpful.....
less类:careless,useless,helpless......
ly类:lovely,friendly,lively(生动的),likely(可能的)......
able类:knowledgeable(渊博的),comfortable,drinkable(可饮用的).....
ous类:dangerous,humorous(幽默的),curious(好奇的)
ing类:interesting,amazing,surprising.....(形容人/物)
ed类:interested,amazed,surprised.....(形容人)
y类:sunny,rainy,windy,cloudy .....
tive类:active,creative,positive(积极的),negative(消极的)....
en类:dozen (一打),frozen(冻僵的),.....
复合形容词:hard-working(勤奋的), heartbroken(心碎的).....
4. 多个adj排序问题:
【口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房】
美:主观感受 小:大小(高矮) 圆:形状(胖瘦) 旧:新旧 黄:颜色 法国:产地(国家)
木:材质
5. 高频考点adj句型:
It's adj to do sth 做...是 ....
It's adj【for sb】to do sth 做...(对某人来说)是 ....【adj形容sth】
It's adj【of sb】to do sth 做...(对某人来说)是 ....【adj形容sb】
例: It's kind【of sb】to do sth
例: It's important【for sb】to do sth
It's adj enough to do sth足够....去.....
It's too adj to do sth太....而不能...
6. adj辨析:
lonely孤独的【精神上】,alone孤独的【身体上】
likely【可能的】,alike【像的】
ill【生病的,后置定语,邪恶的】,sick【生病的,l前置定语,恶心的】
a little 【+adj】= a bit 【+adj/adv】一点点
a little 【+n】= a bit of【+n】 一点点
副词
1.定义:
修饰v,adj,adv,句子;短语等
2.位置:
1.be动词「后面」:I am often late for school.
2.实义动词/行为动词【前面】:I always go to SKL.
3.副词短语:【一般句末/句首】I go to school at 7:00.
4.放adj/adv 前面表示程度: He is very handsome./He runs very fast.
5.修饰句子【一般句首/句末】
3.adv辨析:
hard努力地,hardly几乎不
long长长地,wide宽宽地,deep深深地,high高高地【实际可以衡量】
longly长远地,widely广泛地,deeply深深地,highly高度地【抽象概念】
well: n水井,adj健康的,adv好地,出色地
good: n. 货物,利益,好处,adj 心情状态好
形容词的用法
形容词做定语及表语
A. 作定语:修饰或限制名词或不定代词或疑问代词,或疑问副词。
1.前置定语:形容词修饰或限制名词,一般放在它所修饰或限制的名词之前。
(1) One New Years Day, we put on our new clothes.
(2) I want to make some American friends.
(3) Liu Sanzi is an eight-year-old boy.
(其中eight-year-old叫复合形容词,其构成形式是:“数词+名词+形容词”,中间加连字符)
注意:如果形容词较多时,应该按照以下规则排序:
口诀:美小圆旧黄,中国木书房
美:描述或性质类;小:大小、长短、高低、胖瘦类;圆:形状类形容词;旧:新旧、年龄类形容词;黄:颜色类形容词;中国:来源、国籍、地区、出处类形容词;木:物质、材料。
例:a beautiful short new red Chinese woolen coat
B.形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后:
1. 形容词短语作定语时要后置。如:
I think he is a man suitable for the job.
We need a place twice larger than this one.
2. 表语形容词作定语要后置。如:
He spoke like a man afraid.
He must be the best violinist alive.
3.形容词修饰或限制不定代词(something, anything, nothing, everything),常放在不定代词之后。如:
Tell me something interesting.
Anyone intelligent can do it.
4.else, left, present(出席的、在场的)等形容词作定语修饰名词时常后置,以说明名词的状态、特点等情况。例如:
All the people present spoke at the meeting.
I have little money left in my pocket, so I could buy nothing.
Anything else can I do for you, Madame?
5. 由and, or等连接的两个或几个形容词作定语时常后置,从而进一步说明被修饰词的性质或特点,并起强调作用。如:
I like reading story-books both interesting and instructive.
People in the village, young and old, went to see the film yesterday evening.
Power stations, large and small, have been set up all over the country.
6. enough作定语修饰或限制名词时,放名词之前;修饰形容词时,放形容词之后(形前名后)。如:
Pandas will have enough food to eat.
Your English is wonderful enough.
形容词副词专项训练
一.单项选择
1 Andy, you were the only person that was late for the meeting, why?
Sorry, sir. But I really had a __________ time finding the meeting hall.
A. enjoyable B. funny C. difficult D. pleasant
2. Mr Brown always makes his class _______ and keeps his students _______ in class.
A. alive; interesting B. lively; interesting C. alive; interested D. lively; interested
3.Marsha thought her friends would do something __________ to celebrate her birthday, but they just gave her a birthday card.
A. correct B. honest C. quick D. special
4. What do you think of the cake?
-I like it very much. It tastes __________.
A. good B. terrible C. well D terrible
5. I don’t have enough money. This watch is too expensive.
-Look, there are some more over there. They’re ______ and nice.
A. big B. old C. small D. cheap
【答案】 1~5 CDDAD
二.根据括号内的单词填入适当的形容词
1. This plant needs a warm and _________(sun) place
2. It is a _______(snow) winter this year.
3. Jimmy told us about his ________(amaze) trip to Hongkong.
4. The Greens spent a __________(love) day by the sea.
5. Jenny often wears a _________(fun) hat.
【答案】 sunny snowy amazing lovely funny
Unit2一般现在时
1. 定义:
① 现在经常/平时做的事情【实义动词】
② 现在的状态 【be动词 → am /is /are】
③ 客观真理,无法改变
二.结构
一:肯定句:主语 + am/is/are +其他
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not +其他
疑问句:Am/is/are +主语 +其他?
二:肯定句:主语 + V复/ V单+其他
否定句:主语 + don't / doesn't + V原+其他
疑问句:Do /Does+主语+ V原 其他?
三.变化规则:
1.一般情况:+s
2.特殊情况:【O、S、X、Ch、Sh】+ es
3.辅音+y:变y为i+es
4.元音+y:+s 【a e i o u】→
5.特殊变化:have → has
四.时间词:
频率adv:always、usually、often、sometimes有时、hardly几乎不、seldom很少、never从不【表否定】
频率副词短语:once a week 、twice a week、every day 、every year ...on Mondays / Tuesdays ...
【频率adv】位置:实前be后
扩展:if条件状语从句:主将从现If I come back home,I will call you.
巧记:if 如果【+现在时】,if是否【+将来时】
一般现在时专项训练
一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Alex (hope) he can visit the USA in the future.
2.Sandy with her friends often (fly) a kite in the park.
3. (be) your friend ready for tomorrow’s evening party?
4.Members in this club (be not) careful. They often leave the club with the lights on.
5.Cindy is a kind girl. Everyone in our class (enjoy) playing with her.
6.My best friend and I (be not) in the same school. We meet at the weekend.
7.My mother (not go) to work on Saturdays or Sundays.
8.Millie’s family often (read) together in the living room.
9.Watching football matches (be) her hobby.
10.We all know light (go) faster than sound.
二.按要求完成句子,每空一词
11.I’m your English teacher this term.(改为一般疑问句)
our English teacher this term?
12.Li Lei writes to his father every month. (改为一般疑问句)
Li Lei to his father every month?
13.My mother does housework in the morning.(改为否定句)
My mother housework in the morning.
14.Do you often have breakfast at home?(用 Kitty代替 you 改写句子)
Kitty often breakfast at home?
15.The old woman goes to the supermarket on foot. (对画线部分提问)
the old woman to the supermarket?
三.单项选择
16.My T⁃shirt white and my trousers yellow.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
17.When I play football with my cousins, my father sometimes our games. My mother often at weekends.
A.looks at;shops B.sees;shopping
C.watches;shops D.looks;shopping
18.—Do you often listen to music on the radio?
—No. But my mother .
A.do B.listens C.doesn’t D.does
19.— Millie’s cousin Andy a member of Grade 7?
—No, he from Grade 8.
A.Are;is B.Does;doesn’t
C.Are;aren't D.Is;is
20.— you play computer games at weekends, Alan?
—Yes. But my mother let me play for long.
A.Do;doesn't B.Do;isn’t
C.Are;doesn't D.Are;isn’t
一.1.hopes 主语Alex是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填hopes。
2.flies 介词with前面的名词Sandy是主语,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填flies。
3.Is 主语your friend是第三人称单数,故be动词用is。
4.aren’t 主语Members是复数,be动词用are,否定形式在are后面加not。
5.enjoys 主语为Everyone,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填enjoys。
6.aren’t 连词and连接两个并列主语时,be动词用are,否定形式在are后面加not。
7.doesn’t go 行为动词go的否定结构为don’t/doesn’t go,因为主语My mother为第三人称单数,故填doesn't go。
8.read 设空句的主语family指“家庭成员”,谓语动词用复数形式。
9.is 动名词短语Watching football matches作主语时,be动词用is。
10.goes 分析句子结构可知,know后为宾语从句,宾语从句的主语为light,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。go的第三人称单数形式为goes。
二.11.Are you 12.Does;write 13.doesn’t do14.Does;have 15.How does;go
三.16.B 句意:我的T恤衫是白色的,我的裤子是黄色的。My T⁃shirt为第三人称单数,be动词应用is;my trousers为复数,be动词应用are。故选B。
17.C 当我和我表弟们踢足球的时候,我爸爸有时会观看我们的比赛。我妈妈经常在周末购物。第一句的主语为my father,第二句的主语为My mother,都是第三人称单数,故谓语动词都用动词第三人称单数形式;表示“观看比赛”,应用watch。故选C。
18.D 设空处所在句主语my mother是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。为避免重复,用does代替上句提到的动作。故选D。
19.D 句意:——米莉的表弟安迪是七年级的一员吗?——不,他来自八年级。be a member of...意为“是……中的一员”,主语Millie's cousin是第三人称单数,be动词用is;be from...意为“来自……”,主语he是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故选D。
20.A 第一空用助动词do帮助行为动词play构成疑问句,排除C、D选项;第二空所在句的主语为my mother,后用助动词does帮助行为动词let构成否定句。故选A。
Unit1特殊疑问词
一.特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 (be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他?)
二.分类:
① wh-- :what、who、when、where、which、whom、whose...
② how类:how much(问价格/数量)
how many(问数量)
how long (问时间长度)
how far (问距离)
how old (问年龄)
how often(问频率)
how .... (问方式)
how soon (问多快 → in+一段时间)
三.常见的特殊疑问词(组)
特殊疑问词(组)
询问对象
含义
例句
what
事物
什么
What's your name?你叫什么名字?
what color
颜色
什么颜色
What color is your car?
你的车是什么颜色的?
where
地点
在哪里
Where's my schoolbag?
我的书包在哪里?
why
原因
为什么
Why do you like fruit?
你为什么喜欢水果?
when
时间
什么时候
When is your birthday?
你的生日在什么时候?
how
方式、程度
怎样;如何
How did you solve the problem?
你是怎样解决这个问题的?
who
人
谁
Who's she?她是谁?
how much
价钱
多少(钱)
How much is this Jacket?
这件夹克多少钱?
how old
年龄
多大年纪
How old is your grandma?
你奶奶多大年纪?
口决助记
what用法真广泛,要问“什么”它当先,
姓名职业和颜色,what time问时间。
“什么时候”常用when,how主要问“怎样”。
where用来问地点,why问“原因”记心间。
特殊疑问句专项训练
一.单项填空
1.—___B___ do you usually go school,Mary?
—By bike.
A.When B.How C.Where D.Why
2.—___A___is your brother?
—He's twenty.
A.How old B.How much C.What D.Who
3.—___B___does she live?
—She lives in the same neighborhood as me.
A.What B.Where C.Which
4.—___B___is the black T-shirt?
—It's 58 yuan.
A.What B.How much C.How many D.What color
5.—___A___students are there in your class?
—Fifty.
A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far
二.用方框中所给疑问词的适当形式填空
what,when,how,why,who
6.—___Why___does Jenny like geography?
—Because she thinks it's interesting.
7.—___How___is your day, Lucy?
—It s OK.
8.—___What___is Alice's favorite color?
—Red.
9.—___Who___is the woman in red?
—My mother.
10.—___When___do you go to bed?
—At about 11:00.
三.对画线部分提问
11.He likes English because it's interesting.
___Why___ ___does___he like English?
12.Her favorite food is the hot dog.
___What___ ___is___her favorite food?
13.Her computer is on the desk.
___Where___is her computer?
14.My grandpa is 75 years old.
___How___ ___old___is your grandpa?
15.She has an art lesson at 11:00 on Tuesday.
___When___does she___have___an art lesson?
四.选择适当的疑问词(组)填空
why, who, how much, where, when
1.— is your backpack(背包)?
—It's 100 yuan.
2.— is your music teacher?
—Ms. Gao.
3.— is New Year's Day?
—It's on January 1st.
94.— do you like Chinese history?
—Because it is interesting.
5.— is your sweater?
—It's on my bed.
答案1.How much 2.Who 3.When 4.Why 5.Where
五.按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.Those balls are black and white.(对画线部分提问)
are those balls?
2.His schoolbag is on the desk.(对画线部分提问)
his schoolbag?
3.Her brother is 5 years old.(对画线部分提问)
is her brother?
4.I go to Beijing with my mother on Saturday. (对画线部分提问)
you go to Beijing with your mother?
5.Those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 are 80 yuan.(对画线部分提问)
are those mascots of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022?
答案1.What color2.Where is3.How old4.When do5.How much
冠词
一.分类:
定冠词the、不定冠词a或an、零冠词 /
二.the具体用法:
【口诀:独指方,高乐序,姓形专固定】
① 独一无二的事物(the sun,the earth....)
② 特指 / 指双方都知道的事物( I have a book .The book is cheap.)
③ 方位名词前(the east,the west,the left, the right.....)
④ 最高级前(the most beautiful)
⑤ 西洋乐器前(play the piano / violin...)
⑥ 序数词前(the first,the second....)→ 特殊情况:a +序数词(又,再....)
⑦ 外国姓氏+ s前(表示一家人,V复)→ The Greens
⑧ 形容词前(一类人,V复→ the old,the young, the rich....)
⑨ 专有名词前(the Great Wall ,the West Lake....)
⑩ 固定搭配(the other其他的)
三.a、an具体用法:
a、an【单数n前】→ 选择看发音【元音→ a.e.i.o.u用an,辅音a】
易错举例: an hour 、a university大学、an “M”、an unusual book
an eight-year-old boy、a one-year-old boy......an honest boy诚实的
固定搭配:
stay in bed 卧床,go to the school 去学校,go to school去上学,take the medicine吃药
4. 冠词具体用法:
/ 【口诀:国季球学乘名星,三餐棋牌头衔地】
① 国家:China、Japan
除:the United States美国,the United Kingdom英国,the United Nations联合国】
【the USA美,the UK 英,the US美,the UN联合国】
② 季节
③ 球类(play basketball)
④ 学科(maths、English.....)
⑤ 乘坐交通工具by(by bus 、by car)
⑥ 人名, 地名
⑦ 星期(on Monday....)
⑧ 三餐(笼统说法:have breakfast → 具体+ a : have a delicious breakfast)
⑨ 下棋打牌(play chess、play cards)
⑩ 头衔,职称(The teacher makes me / monitor.)
冠词专项训练
一.单项选择
1.—What’s that on the table?
—It’s player.
A.a B.an C.the
2.The boys often play basketball after school.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
3.—Is that ruler?
—No. It’s eraser.
A.a;a B.an;an C.a;an D.an;a
4.Jordan is NBA star and he has ______ one-year-old daughter.
A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an D.a;a
5.There is “u” and “l” in the word “uncle”.
A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;an
6.I have big family. I love my family.
A.a B.an C.the
7.You missed “r” in the word “brown”.
A.a B.an C.the D./
8.This is orange. There is “n” in the word.
A.an;an B.a;an C.an;a
9.That is football. I like playing _______ football very much.
A.a;the B.a;/ C.a;a D./;/
10.—Is there art lesson in the morning?
—Yes, and we have PE too.
A.a;a B.a;/ C.an;a D.an;/
1.A 此处表示泛指,player是以辅音音素开头的单词,故设空处填a。
2.A play与表示球类的名词连用时,球类名词前不加任何冠词,故答案为A。
3.C ruler是以辅音音素开头的单词,故第一空填a;eraser是以元音音素开头的单词,故第二空填an。故答案为C。
4.B 字母N以元音音素开头,故第一空填an;one是以辅音音素开头的单词,故第二空填a。故答案为B。
5.D 字母u以辅音音素开头,故第一空填a;字母l以元音音素开头,故第二空填an。故答案为D。
6.A 句意:我有一个大家庭。我爱我的家人。此处表示泛指,big是以辅音音素开头的单词, 故答案为A。
7.A 字母r以元音音素开头, 故填an。
8.A orange以元音音素开头,第一空填an;字母n以元音音素开头,第二空填an。故答案为A。
9.B football是以辅音音素开头的单词,第一空填a;play与表示球类的名词连用时,球类名词前不加任何冠词。故答案为B。
10.D lesson是可数名词单数,其前需要加冠词,art是以元音音素开头的单词,故第一空用不定冠词an;学科前不加任何冠词,故第二空不填。故答案为D。
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$