Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking 课件 -2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Discuss what can happen to a city during a big earthquake? Possible Answer: A city can be damaged in an earthquake. The electricity can go down. The water can be unsafe to drink. Fires can start. People can panic or get severely injured. Now, let's read a text to know more about the earthquake. THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP Guess what is the text mainly about? It’s a story about a disaster of earthquake. B. It’s a story about a disaster of flood. C. It’s a story about a disaster of drought. D. It’s a story about a disaster of tsunami. Pre-reading: Prediction Look at the title and photo 1. What’s the main idea of the passage? The passage mainly talks about a/an_(what) that happened in _ (where) at _(when). earthquake Tangshan 3:42 a.m. on 28 July 1976 2. What’s the type of this text? A. a brochure B. a literary journalism(报告文学) C. a novel D. a story Pre-reading-Skimming for main idea. A literary journalism usually describes real historical events and real characters. The usage of the numbers and the figures of speech can inspire readers’ feelings and thus touch the readers. Read and finish the tasks as quickly as possible. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night. Para1 Before the earthquake (warning signs)-Para. 1 under the ground Strange things on the ground above the ground well water (rose and fell, rose and fell) well walls (deep cracks) smelly gas dogs (refused to go inside) mice (ran out to look for places to hide) fish (jumped out of the water) bright lights in the sky loud noises were heard repetition specific verbs sight smell hearing sight Language features? The author describes this part by _. giving examples chickens and pigs (were too nervous to eat) strange things People ignored the warning signs warning signs How did people feel before the earthquake? Excited Ignorant Worried Frightened 13 At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. Para2 At _, everything began to shake. _ kilometers directly below, …damage more than _kilometers _ of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was _ kilometres long and_ metres wide cut across... In less than_ minute, a large city lay in ruins. 3:42 a.m. 1/3 8 30 1 _ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or ….reached more than _. 2/3 400,000 11 150 Please listen to paragragh 2 and finish the chart. numbers Feeling Shocked 16 Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. Para3 simile明喻 There was nothing but ruins. buildings/factories/homes/hospitals bricks bridges/tracks cows/pigs/chickens Hopeless Para. 3 Feeling water/food/electricity Please read paragragh 3 and find the destroyed things. desperate 18 But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10, 000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. Para4 the city began to breathe again.拟人personification Who came to this city? What did they do? To dig out and bury To provide medical care To build shelters But hope was not lost! After the earthquake (rescue&revival)-Para. 4 Food and water were brought Slowly, the city began to breathe again. Who came to this city? What did they do? To dig out and bury To provide medical care To build shelters Hope was not lost! Feeling When disaster struck, help came from all sides! Positive Hopeful Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. Para5 What makes Tangshan develop so fast? tirelss efforts of the city’s people various help from the whole nation strong support from the government unify After the earthquake (rescue&revival)-Para. 5 Careful-Reading Read para.4-5 and fill in the form. _ _ Soldiers Doctors & nurses Workers Governments City’s people To_ _the trapped and _the dead To provide_ _ tireless _ To build_ for_ result rescue strong_ efforts support medical care dig out bury shelters survivors people of the whole nation Slowly, the city began to breathe again. Who came to the rescue? What did they do? personification hopeful revival Reading for main ideas(5 mins) E.The revival of the city. Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 A.The immediate effects of the earthquake . B.The happening of the big earthquake . C.The resue work. D. Warning signs before the earthquake. To get the main idea, pay attention to the beginning sentence in each paragraph. before during after warning signs damage rescue and revival In what order is the text organized? Time order later that afternoon soon after the quakes For several days At 3:42 a.m. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976 Task 4 Scan the text and find the words below. Guess what they mean from the context. ruin brick trap bury Use context to understand new words When you see a word you do not know, do not stop and look it up in a dictionary. If you continue reading, the context will probably help you understand what it means. P51 4 This word describes the city straight after the earthquake. In a short time, a lot of damage was done, so it must describe a place that has been badly damaged. This word is used to describe the buildings that have fallen. They are red like leaves, but also heavy, because the wind cannot move them. They sound like the red clay blocks commonly used to build buildings. This verb is used to describe people who are not dead, but they need help to be dug out, so it must mean they cannot move because they are stuck somewhere. This verb is used to describe what happens to the dead bodies. They are often put into the ground and covered, so that could be what this means. 5. Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquake. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases from the text. Task 5 1. The huge earthquake left nearly the whole city _. 2. Everyone was _, thinking the world must be coming to an end. 3. Millions of people were left without water, food, or _. 4. Soldiers and volunteers worked as hard as they could to pull away _ and rocks, and rescue those who were _ under the ruins. 5. Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries, but others had already stopped _ when they were discovered. 6. A few buildings were still standing, but people were afraid to use them as shelters, worrying they would be _ if the buildings fell. in ruins in shock electricity bricks trapped breathing buried Read the text again and answer the questions. Task 6 1. What were some of the strange things happening before the earthquake? Do you think they were warning signs? Why or why not? 2. What does the writer mean by “Slowly, the city began to breathe again”? 3. What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need? 1. What were some of the strange things happening before the earthquake? Do you think they were warning signs? Why or why not? Before the earthquake, the water in the village wells rose and fell. Deep cracks appeared in their walls. Animals were acting strangely. I think these were warning signs as this doesn't usually happen and it showed something strange was happening below the ground. Sometimes, animals have more sensitive reactions to some coming dangers. Check your answers. 2. What does the writer mean by “Slowly, the city began to breathe again”? The writer means that the city began to function again, because the earthquake had stopped people and supplies moving about, and so it was like the city couldn't breathe. 3. What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need? People in places who have suffered an earthquake need quick access to basic things such as water and food, because they cannot get them easily. They also need medical care, not just for injuries, but to protect against disease and other problems that happen after the earthquake. Last but not least, these people also need psychological care and help. analysing, mindmap, summary, retelling 1. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! as if “仿佛; 好像”, 引导状语从句 ① She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了10岁。 ② He glanced about as if in search of something. 他四处看了看,仿佛在找什么似的。 结束;终结 仿佛世界末日即将来临! Sentence analysing for better understanding ① The summer term had come to an end. 夏天的这个学期结束了。 ② Our vacation was great, but all good things come to an end. 我们的假期棒极了,但是美好的事情总会结束。 2. Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. 同位语 that引导的定语从句 ① The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。 ② The bag that lies on the ground is hers. 地上的那个包是她的。 在城市正下方的11千米处,20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了,远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏。 1. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? 2. What other cities or towns have gone through similar changes? What lessons can we learn from these events? Possible answer: I think the revival of Tangshan was helped by the strong support of the government and the people who all worked in unity to rebuild the city even better than before. Possible answer: ① Wenchuan county and some other towns near Wenchuan have the similar experiences. ② These towns were built up from the ruins. As well as developing better ways to detect and prepare for these disasters, we have learnt that acting quickly and in unity is the best way to get over such disasters. The strong support from government and people around are also very important. In times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. as if come to an end in ruins in shock dig out get back up on its feet in times of disaster 1.似乎; 好像; 仿佛 2.完结,结束 3.严重受损; 破败不堪 4.震惊; 吃惊 5.挖掘; 挖出 6.重新站起来 7.在灾难来临的时候 1. The air in the mountain is pleasant _ (breathe). 2. The whole town lay _ ruins after the big earthquake. 3. The house _ (bury) under earth and rocks after the landslide. 4. The football match came to _ end, and the visiting team won. 5. Traditional English food seems to be enjoying a _ (revive) at the moment. 6. The audience were excited when the musician got up _ his feet and walked towards the stage. 7. The taxi driver always has something to tell - a unique experience or some _ (wise) he picked up along the way. 8. The two men who _ (trap) in a burning building died. .在空白处填入适当的内容。 to breathe in was buried an revival on wisdom were trapped Where there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望 Thanks for your listening! Lavf55.33.100 Lavf55.33.100 Lavf55.33.100 $$