2025届高三英语一轮复习第十六讲形似词辨析 课件

形似词和近义词 1. particular specific special especial crucial 特定的；挑剔的，讲究的；n. 细节 具体的；明确的；独特的 专门的；特别的 n.特价，专车 尤其的；特有的；特别的 至关重要的；关键的 2. hold up hold out hold down hold on to hold on 举起来；支撑 伸出；递出 压制；镇压 紧紧抓住；坚持 别挂断；抓紧不放 be down to boil down to come down to get down to 可归因于 将... 归结为；重点是 归结为；取决于 着手...;开始从事... 3. amuse amaze arise accuse amateur 使娱乐 使吃惊；使惊叹 （问题，麻烦）出现；产生；由.. 引起 指控；谴责 业余的；外行的；业余爱好者 4. rarely barely scarcely purely 稀有地；罕见地 仅仅；勉强；几乎不；稀少地 几乎不；刚.... 就； 纯粹地；完全地；十足地 merely badly mostly nearly narrowly shortly 仅仅；只不过 恶劣地；非常；严重地 大部分；多半 差不多；几乎 勉强地；狭窄地；差点儿 不久；立刻 5. resist insist assist institute 抵抗（制）；经得起 坚持（做，认为） 协助；援助 学院；研究院 persist consist consistent constitution mist 坚持 由...组成；在于 与....一致的；持续不变的 构成；宪法 薄雾 6.tough rough cough enough plough thoughtful 吃苦耐劳的；棘手的；坚难的 粗糙的；大略的；汹涌的； 咳嗽 足够，充足 梨 深思的；体贴入微的； 7. yell sell tell hell 叫喊；吼叫 出售；卖 告诉；讲述；区别 地狱；苦境 bell belly cell fell 铃声；钟声； 肚子 细胞；牢房；电池 落下；跌到 well swell spell smell 健康的；好；完全地；出色地 膨胀；肿胀 拼写 闻起来；嗅； 8..overlook onlooker outlook outbreak 忽视；不理睬 旁观者 展望；前景；观点 爆发；突然发生 9. withdraw drawback drawer drawing drawn 撤退；提取；脱离社会； 缺点；欠缺；不利条件 抽屉； 图画；绘画 吸引；绘画 10.federal funeral fertile fertilizer 联邦的；联邦政府的 葬礼；丧礼 肥沃的；富饶的 肥料 fatal fierce. fragile mineral 致命的；灾难性的 残忍的；凶猛的；激烈的；狂暴的 脆弱的；易碎的 矿物质；矿物质的 11.assign allocate distribute 指派；布置（作业）；分配 分配；分派 分发；分送 12.account budget capital cheque/check interest 账户；描述；解释 预算（费）；计划开支 支票 利息；好处；兴趣 资金；财富；首都；大写字母 cash finance fund profit deposit 现金 金融；财务 资金；基金；v.资助 利润；收益；好处； 押金；定金；存款 loan sponsor pension grant subscription saving 贷款；借款 赞助金；赞助商 抚恤金；赔偿金；养老金 （政府）拨款 储蓄金；存款 订金；订阅；订购 13.offence crime criminal guilt commit 冒犯；违法行为 犯罪 罪犯 内疚；犯罪；罪过 犯罪；承诺；致力于 accuse charge sentence 指控 控告；掌管；充电；费用；要价 句子；宣判；判刑 violate criticize blame scold punish condemn 违反；违背 批评；指责 责备 责骂； 惩罚 谴责；指责 14.description prescription subscription 描述 处方；药方 订阅；定金 absorption adoption optional portion discipline 专心；专注 采纳；收养 可选择的；非强制性的 部分；（食物的）一份 自我约束；训练；管教；n.纪律；自制力 15. authority authentic authentically 权威（机构）；当权者；专家 有根据的；可信的；原著的 正宗地；确实地；原貌地 valid reliable dependable dependent solid 有（法律）效率的；有根据的；合法的 可信赖的；可靠的 依靠的；依赖的 可靠的；牢固的；结实的；固态 16.arbitrary mourning alley valley steward 武断的；任意的；随心所欲的 哀悼（痛） 胡同；小巷 山谷；峡谷 乘务人员；空乘 cuisine fragile heritage criterion 烹饪；菜肴；饭菜 易碎的；脆弱的 遗产；历史遗迹；继承物 标准；准则 17. incredible inevitable invisible inseparable invaluable inflexible unbelieveable 难以置信的；极其的 不可避免的；必然发生的 看不见的；无形的 不可分割的 没有价值的 不灵活的 难以置信的 微阅读 词义猜测题 （2024·湖北高中名校大联考）...... That’s wrong. Recitation allows students to experience a text as a living thing, ready to be taken up by a new generation. Committing a poem or speech to memory means stepping into the author’s shoes and pondering what he meant. Deciding which words to stress when reciting means thinking about what those words mean. What does the underlined word “pondering” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Learning from. B．Reflecting on. C．Bringing out. D．Arguing against. B 3.（2024·河南、山西大联考 “Our work introduced the idea of a fourth traffic signal called a ‘white phase’, which taps into the computing power of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in order to expedite traffic at crossroads,” says Prof. Ali Hajbabaie, corresponding author of the paper. “Our research found that the more AVs there are on the road, the more efficiently the traffic moves. You’ll see less congestion (堵塞). To be clear, this improves travel time, fuel efficiency and safety for all of the cars.” What does the underlined word “expedite” in paragraph 2mean? A．Work out.B．Speed up.C．Put off. D．Hold back. B 4.（2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考） Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, fora minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机). But what if there were a way to relieve the tedium of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality. .What does the underlined word “tedium” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A.Boredom.B．Tiredness.C．Expense.D．Inconvenience. A 4.（2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考） Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, fora minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机). But what if there were a way to relieve the tedium of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality. .What does the underlined word “tedium” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A.Boredom.B．Tiredness.C．Expense.D．Inconvenience. A 6.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测） To avoid conflicts, organizers have fenced in beaver-related projects. The beavers are not permitted to wander freely beyond the fences. The government has also put together a beaver management strategy framework, which advises communication and listening, in an effort to clear up misunderstandings and concerns. When beavers do cause issues, available options will be provided, including modifying the dams, reducing water levels, or relocating the animals. What does the underlined word “concerns” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Worries about related costs. B．Doubts about beavers’ safety. C．Fears for species extinction. D．Anxieties over river pollution. A 7.（2024·河南郑州·二模） “Travelling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable impression on the visitor. Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things that really blow away people,” said Cheryl Rosa, the director of the US Arctic Research Commission. The underlined part “blow away” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．defeat B．affect C．move D．impress D 高考中的熟词生义 21.Please advise us of the arrival of the goods. 通知 22.His doctors determined that he’d contracted some sort of lung disease.  感染（疾病）；得（病） 23.The company launched new iPhones a few months ahead of the critical holiday season, as it has done every fall since 2011.  把……推出市场 24.Videos made with the iPhone 11 Pro cameras will shoot in 4k resolution at 60 frames per second.  译： iPhone 11 Pro的摄像头可以拍摄 每秒 60帧的 4k视 25.China lost to Nigeria 86-73 to finish second in Group M. 获得名次 26.As a first move, loan me the sculptures for a certain period of time. 借给 27.The theatre only admits 1，000 persons． ” 容纳 28.CCTV reported that circus management has been held by police for further investigations as their performance was not registered as required. 监禁；拘留  29.The providers of education apps should set up a data security mechanism that covers collection, storage, transmission and use of personal information. 涵盖；包括 30.Only children with an older brother exhibit these linguistic difficulties.   表现；显出  31.The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects. 32.I must check my bank balance. 差额，余款 使平衡, 保持平 衡, 33.I’ve trained my dog to fetch my slippers. 34.His telephone call interrupted my train of thought. 培养,  训练 思路 35.I can’t stand my poor situation. 36.The building stands about 40 meters high. 忍受 看台,  观礼座”；“货摊,  货架 37.The house was built in the early 19th century. 38.The athlete has a solid build. 建立； 建设 身材；体形 $$