精品解析：北京汇文中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语试题

2024高三东城汇文中学中期中试卷 第一节 完形填空 When most teenagers his age are preparing for competitive exams or training to be athletes, Henry Burner, struggling with dyslexia (阅读障碍), decides to chart his own route for success. At the age of 10, his class ____1____ a trading post, where students would sell and buy goods with heads. His mom suggested making cupcakes, but Burner refused. “Mom, the baked goods market is going to be totally oversaturated (过度饱和的). Few students make things that last long. We need to make something ____2____.” So he pulled out his mom’s old button machine and made buttons. When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post, he felt for the first time that he was really successful. Arriving home, Burner asked his mom. “Can I make it a real business?” That was the ____3____ of Buttonsmith, a retail company which now has over 10,000 products available. Along with his regular schooling, Burner played a large role in the company’s strategic decision making and ____4____ his breaks and weekends working on the company. Buttonsmith started from the farmer’s market before going online and____5____, developing its own website. After going online, Buttonsmith’s sales showed a significant upward graph and reached millions of people, and that was a (n) ____6____ point. Since then he has greatly ____7____ product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world. Starting with buttons, the company has diversified its product ____8____ and currently provides dog collars, leashes, business cards, banners, etc. To stay ahead of competitors, Burner has optimized Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being ____9____ and makes sure the products are in the customers’ hands within two days. After creating an impressive retail company at home, Buttonsmith is strategizing to spread its _____10_____to other countries. “I love being an entrepreneur.” concluded Burner. 1. A. ran B. spotted C. decorate D. swept 2. A. portable B. durable C. stable D. flexible 3. A. mission B. advantage C. initiation D. performance 4. A. killed B. invested C. balanced D. delayed 5. A. hesitantly B. frequently C. eventually D. accidentally 6. A. crucial B. temporary C. regular D. urgent 7. A. slid B. poured C. packed D. expanded 8. A. costs B. sizes C. offerings D. supplies 9. A. placed B. deleted C. tracked D. shipped 10. A. research B. wishes C. taste D. roots 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。通过叙述主人公Henry Burner克服阅读障碍，从一个学校交易活动出发，创立并发展Buttonsmith公司的经历，展示了个人奋斗、创新思维和企业成长的过程。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他10岁的时候，他的班级经营了一个交易站，学生们在那里用硬币买卖商品。A. ran经营；B. spotted发现；C. decorated装饰；D. swept扫除。根据后文的“a trading post, where students would sell and buy goods with heads.”可知，此处指班级内部进行的一种商业活动，他的班级经营了一个交易站。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要做一些持久的东西。A. portable便携的；B. durable持久的；C. stable稳定的；D. flexible灵活的。根据前文的“Few students make things that last long.”可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，现在这家零售公司已经有超过1万种产品上市。A. mission使命；B. advantage优势；C. initiation起源；D. performance表演。根据前文的“When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post, he felt for the first time that he was really successful. Arriving home, Burner asked his mom. “Can I make it a real business?””可知，这里指的是Buttonsmith公司的开始或者起源。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了正常的学业，伯纳还在公司的战略决策中发挥了重要作用，并投入休息时间和周末为公司工作。A. killed杀死；B. invested投资，投入；C. balanced平衡；D. delayed延迟。根据后文的“his breaks and weekends working on the company.”可知，此处表示他将个人时间投入到公司工作中。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Buttonsmith从农贸市场起步，之后转到线上，最终开发了自己的网站。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. frequently频繁地；C. eventually最终；D. accidentally偶然地。根据后文的“developing its own website”可知，此处应填入表示最后结果的副词，表示最终开发了自己的网站。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在线销售后，Buttonsmith的销售额显著上升，达到了数百万人，这是一个关键点。A. crucial关键的；B. temporary临时的；C. regular常规的；D. urgent紧急的。根据前文的“Buttonsmith’s sales showed a significant upward graph and reached millions of people,”和后文的“Since then he has greatly ____7____ product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world.”可知，销售额的大幅提升，极大地扩展了产品线，对于公司来说是一个关键性的转折点。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他极大地扩展了产品线，推出了许多让人们能够向世界表达自我的可负担高质量产品。A. slid滑动；B. poured倾倒；C. packed打包；D. expanded扩展。根据后文的“product lines into many affordable high quality products”可知，此处指产品线的增加和多样化，因此“扩展”最符合语境。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从纽扣开始，公司已经多样化其产品供应，目前提供狗项圈、牵引绳、名片、横幅等。A. costs成本；B. sizes尺寸；C. offerings供应，产品；D. supplies物资。根据前文的“the company has diversified its product”和后文的“and currently provides dog collars, leashes, business cards, banners, etc.”可知，这里指的是公司提供的产品种类，所以使用“供应”最为合适。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了领先于竞争对手，伯纳优化了Buttonsmith，使得订单被下单后几分钟内就能生产出定制产品。A. placed放置，下单；B. deleted删除；C. tracked跟踪；D. shipped运输。根据前文的“Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being”可知，此处指客户下单后快速生产。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在国内创建了一家令人印象深刻的零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定战略，将其根基扩展到其他国家。A. research研究；B. wishes愿望；C. taste品味；D. roots根源，根基。根据后文的“to other countries.”可知，这里指公司业务或影响范围的扩大，Buttonsmith正在将其根基扩展到其他国家。故选D。 二、语法填空 A 语法填空 A white telephone booth, known as the Phone of the Wind, ____11____ (sit) in a garden on top of a hill. Though ____12____ (disconnect), the phone serves a surprising purpose: helping people speak out what they feel embarrassed to say in front of others. Having thought about the idea for a long time, Sasaki finally built the booth, “My thoughts can’t be relayed ____13____ regular phone line, so I want them to be carried on the wind. I hope others can also express their feelings in the same way.” 【答案】11. sits 12. disconnected 13. over 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Sasaki在山顶建立一座电话亭，帮助人们说出他们在别人面前感到尴尬的话。 【11题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一座白色的电话亭，被称为“风的电话”，坐落在山顶的花园里。文章通篇时态是一般现在时，主语A white telephone booth是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数形式sits。故填sits。 【12题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然电话是断开的，但它有一个意想不到的作用：帮助人们说出在别人面前不好意思说的话。Though引导让步状语从句，从句中省略了主语the phone和系动词is，完整的表达应该是Though the phone is disconnected。故填disconnected。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：我的想法不能通过普通的电话线传递，所以我想让它们通过风来传递。名词phone line 前用介词形式。介词over表示“通过（某种通讯途径、媒介等）”，符合句意。故填over。 B 语法填空 Everyone has a sense of humor, ____14____ not everybody has a good sense of it. Psychologists ____15____ (divide) on whether humor is inborn or learnable. However, there is one thing that is accepted widely so far the sense of humor is uniquely human. It is associated with happiness and courage. These are qualities ____16____ can be shared with other forms of life. But if happiness is one of the goals chased in life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key. 【答案】14. but 15. are divided 16. that##which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幽默是人类所特有的，是幸福的关键。 【14题详解】 考查连词。句意：每个人都有幽默感，但不是每个人都有好的幽默感。分析句子，设空处应该使用连词，连接前后两个句子，此处表示转折关系，用表转折的并列连词but。故填but。 【15题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：心理学家对幽默是天生的还是后天习得的存在分歧。陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时。主语Psychologists为复数形式，与divide之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填are divided。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些品质可以与其他形式的生命共享。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，先行词qualities，其意为“品质”为物，应用关系代词which或者that。故填that/which。 C 语法填空 Zhaobi, or screen walls, have a long and storied history. Zhaobi can be found outside the ____17____ (enter) of buildings, and in their earliest form, they were built for only the highest members of society ____18____ (show) their social status and protect privacy. It was believed that would also act as the spiritual protection. Then they became an important form of artistic expression, representing good fortunate appearing on the walls. Nowadays, zhaobi are still ____19____ they looked in the distant past. By evolving their function, these walls ____20____ (witness) China’s development, giving us a snapshot of life at a particular time in history. 【答案】17. entrance 18. to show 19. how 20. have witnessed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了照壁从古至今的功能变化。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口处找到，在它们最早的形式中，它们仅是为社会最高成员建造的，以显示他们的社会地位和保护隐私。of名词所有格，用名词entrance (入口)。故填entrance。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口处找到，在它们最早的形式中，它们仅是为社会最高成员建造的，以显示他们的社会地位和保护隐私。show用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to show。 【19题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：如今，照壁仍然是遥远的过去的样子。分析句子结构可知，这里为表语从句，描述其呈现的状态方式保持了过去的样子，用连接副词how引导。故填how。 【20题详解】 考查时态。句意：通过这些功能的不断演变，这些墙见证了中国的发展，让我们了解了历史上某个特定时期的生活。无灵主语常与有灵动词搭配使用，这些动词原本用于描述人或社会团体的动作和行为，如“see”（看见）、“witness”（见证）等，当它们与无灵主语结合时，能够赋予非生命事物以生命般的特性和动作，使句子更加生动有趣。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，根据句意可知，见证这一动作从过去发生一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/has done，无灵主语these walls和有灵谓语动词witness是主动关系，且主语是复数，应用have done，witness的过去分词为witnessed。故填have witnessed。 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，共38分) 第一节 (共14小题：每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每路所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanosecond. The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself? If you’re worried about your personal information getting lifted... Don’t hand over your name, address, phone number, or email address unless the receiver really needs it. If pressed, you can always make something up. Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss. If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private... Browse (浏览) with Firefox. Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers. Or use DuckDuckGo, and alternate service you can easily set as your default (默认) search partner at duckduckgo.com. If you’re worried about your phone acting as a tracker... Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that need to know where you are, You can do this in Settings, under Privacy and Location. and Location. If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things... Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov. If you’re worried about being tagged (标记) in photos on social media... Tell friends you don’t want to be tagged, and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people’s Facebook photos by going to Settings, then Face Recognition. Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment. Although you can’t prevent all Internet Spying, you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps. 21. Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information? A. Looking for information with Firefox. B. Receiving a receipt through text messages. C. Switching off Location Services in Settings. D. Giving your address to the receiver who needs it. 22. If you don’t want to be disturbed by ads, you can ________. A. avoid using simpleoptout.com. B. refuse a call from DuckDuckGo. C. delete your phone number at donotcall.gov. D. register your phone number at donotcall.gov. 23. The passage is intended to ________. A. give advice B. introduce websites C. show worries D. explain social media 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在高度互联的世界中如何保护个人隐私，给出了一系列实用的建议。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一个标题下“Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.(选择纸质收据或不收收据，而不是通过短信或电子邮件接收，因为后者需要共享你的信息，并可能使你面临数据丢失的风险)”可知，通过短信接收收据可能会泄露你的个人信息。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四个标题下“Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.(通过选择退出信息收集来阻止广告跟踪你。simpleoptout.com是一个很好的起点。你还可以通过拨打1-888-382-1222或访问donotcall.gov将你的电话号码添加到国家禁止呼叫注册表中)”可知，如果你希望不被广告打扰，可以在donotcall.gov注册自己的电话号码。故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanosecond. The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself?(在我们这个高度互联的世界里，信息每分每秒都在被收集和共享。问题在于，你的个人信息可能会在未来以你今天无法想象的方式被用来对付你。那么，你需要担心什么，又能做些什么来保护自己呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章从多个方面(如个人信息保护、网络搜索隐私、手机定位服务、广告追踪以及社交媒体照片标记等)给出了具体的建议，以帮助读者在日常生活中更好地保护自己的隐私，所以文章写作的目的是给出建议。故选A。 B As a clueless freshman, I waltzed into my first creative writing course by accident, thinking it was a literature class on how to read stories, not how to write them. When the teacher introduced the course, I realized my mistake. The credits I earned from the course wouldn’t count toward my major. By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. Silence blanketed the room. No one risked eye contact. Whoever volunteered would have to write a whole story in a week. Perhaps they, like me, had never written one before. Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. So, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. Years later, I’d completed a degree in creative writing and was working on a novel when a literary agent asked to read the first 50 pages of my draft. But I wasn’t comfortable showing her anything; the novel was far from done. Throughout graduate school, I’d been advised many times not to contact agents until I have a complete draft. In the meanwhile, I knew the beginning of my story was attractive and that the agent might not remember me after a year. So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. She has since seen me through the publication of three novels. Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. 24. What made the author finally decide to take the course? A. The popularity of the course. B. Her confidence in her writing skills. C. Her curiosity about story writing. D. The need to get credits for her degree. 25. The author volunteered to write the first workshop story to ________. A. challenge herself B. win a place in the class C. display her talent D. impress the teacher 26. The author sent her first three chapters to the agent because ________. A. she wanted to get the chance of publication B. her story was attractive to readers C. the agent asked her to turn in the work D. her friends advised her to do so 27. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Action speaks louder than words. B. Confidence leads to growth and fulfillment. C. Success comes to those who dare. D. Chance favors only the prepared mind. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从误打误撞参加创意写作课程，到决定加入并努力争取机会，再到后来成为小说家的经历。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. (然而，在那堂课结束时，我决定自己必须成为这门课程的一部分。或许，作为一个终身读者，我渴望了解故事是如何施展其魔力的。)”可知，作者决定选修这门课程是源于作者对故事写作的好奇心和渴望。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. (但参加这门课程是不可能的：我甚至都不在候补名单上。就在这时，老师要求一名志愿者提交第一篇工作坊故事。)”以及第五段“Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. (我抓住机会，举手问道：“如果我第一个来，你会给我一个上课的名额吗？”他说他会。)”可推测，作者自愿写第一个工作坊故事是为了赢得一个上课的名额。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. (所以，我再次没有低头避开眼神交流，而是反其道而行之。我给她发了前三章。一个月后，她仅凭这三章就与我签约了。)”可知，作者给代理人发前三章的目的是为了得到出版的机会。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. (决心、专注、毅力——我认为这些品质对于我被斯坦福大学录取至关重要，它们无疑也帮助我成为了今天的我——一名小说家。然而，如果我只盯着前方的道路，我就会错过许多意外的惊喜，许多抬头、举手、说“是”的美好机会。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述的是作者原本并不是为了写作而参加创意写作课程的，但她在课堂上勇敢地采取了行动，最终成为了一名小说家。这表明成功属于那些敢于尝试的人。故选C。 C Enlightening, challenging, stimulating, fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experiences of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll, said they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future. Such an encouraging result is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists to help them communicate their work to new audiences. “Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learning,” one respondent said. One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University’s Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The performance was a creative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK. But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artists than scientists responded to the Nature poll; however, several respondents noted that artists do not simply assist scientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared interest in a project, are able to jointly design it and can critique each other’s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as well as result in powerful art. More than half a century ago, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) to explore the role of technology in culture. The founders deliberately focused their projects around light—hence the"visual studies"in the name. Light was something that both artists and scientists had an interest in, and therefore could form the basis of collaboration. As science and technology progressed, and divided into more sub-disciplines, the centre was simultaneously (同时地) looking to a time when leading researchers could also be artists, writers and poets, and vice versa. Nature’s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to invest time, and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participant must not fall into the trap of stereotyping (对…产生成见) each other. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too. 28. According to Paragraph 1, art-science collaborations have ________. A. caught the attention of critics B. received favorable responses C. promoted academic publishing D. sparked heated public controversy 29. The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that ________. A. art can offer audiences easy access to science B. science can help with the expression of emotions C. public participation in science has a promising future D. art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations 30 What does the underlined world “alliances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. associations B. attachments C. disputes D. involvements 31. According to the author, art-science collaborations A. are likely to go beyond public expectations B. will intensify interdisciplinary competition C. should do more than communicating science D. are becoming more popular than before 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术-科学合作得到了良好的反响。在一系列关于艺术家和研究人员合作的文章中，《自然》杂志的读者用启发、挑战、刺激、有趣这些词来描述他们在艺术与科学合作方面的经历。在参与调查的350人中，近40%的人表示他们曾与艺术家合作过；几乎所有人都表示，他们会考虑在未来这么做。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Enlightening, challenging, stimulating, fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experiences of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll, said they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future.(启发、挑战、刺激、有趣。在一系列关于艺术家和研究人员合作文章中，《自然》杂志的读者用这些词来描述他们在艺术与科学合作方面的经历。在参与调查的350人中，近40%的人表示他们曾与艺术家合作过；几乎所有人都表示，他们会考虑在未来这么做)”可知，根据第1段内容可以了解到，艺术-科学合作得到了良好的反响。故选B项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中““Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learning,” one respondent said.(“艺术家帮助科学家接触到更广泛的受众，并建立情感联系，从而增强学习能力。”一位受访者说)”以及第三段“One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University’s Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The performance was a creative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK.(上个月，悉尼交响乐团(Sydney Symphony Orchestra)演奏了安东尼奥·维瓦尔第(Antonio Vivaldi)的《四季》(the Four Seasons)的重做版本，这是艺术家和科学家一起震撼感官的一个例子。他们利用莫纳什大学气候变化传播研究中心提供的每个季节的最新气候预测数据，重新想象了300年前的分数。在11月于英国格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候变化会议之前，这一表演是一种创造性的行动呼吁)”可推知，重新制作的《四季》是为了说明艺术可以让观众更容易地接触科学。故选A项。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artists than scientists responded to the Nature poll; however, several respondents noted that artists do not simply assist scientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study.(但真正的伙伴关系必须是双向的。回应《自然》调查的艺术家比科学家少；然而，一些受访者指出，艺术家不仅仅是帮助科学家满足他们的沟通需求。他们的工作也不应该仅仅被视为研究的对象)”可知，本段真正的伙伴关系必须是双向的，也就是艺术家不仅仅是帮助科学家满足他们的沟通需求，而且能够共同设计这个项目，并能互相批评对方的工作，这种联盟是最有价值的，推知alliances应是“联盟”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nature’s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to invest time, and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participant must not fall into the trap of stereotyping (对……产生成见) each other. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too.(《自然》杂志的民意调查结果表明，这种趋势一如既往地强劲，但是，为了使合作奏效，双方都需要投入时间，并接受惊喜和挑战。艺术与科学结合的范围需要超越研究交流的必要目的，参与者不能陷入彼此刻板印象的陷阱。艺术家和科学家都参与发现和发明，挑战和评论也是两者的核心)”可推知，根据作者的说法，作者认为艺术与科学的合作应该做的不仅仅是传播科学。故选C项。 D The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools. Pat Hardy, who sympathizes with the views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. “There are as many scientists working against all the panic of global climate change as there are those who are pushing it,” she claims. “Texas is an energy state and we need to recognize that. You need to remember where your bread is buttered.” Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. Board members like her “casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion,” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools. A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere. Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralizes decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says. Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages-such as earth and space sciences in high schools—it is not as well represented in curricula (教学大纲) for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more biased perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by energy industry associations. 32. What does Quinn think of Hardy? A. She exaggerates the existing panic. B. She shows no concern for pre-teens. C. She expresses self-contradictory views. D. She denies the value of scientific work. 33. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 shows that ________. A. Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks B. policymakers have little drive for science education C. climate education is insufficient at state public schools D. environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision 34. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US________. A. call for regular revision B. have limited influence C. require urgent application D. prioritize local needs 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了在气候问题日益严重的情况下，我们应该如何加强公立学校的气候教育工作。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Board members like her “casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion,” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. (监督公共教育的非营利组织德克萨斯自由网络的高级传播策略师Dan Quinn说，像她这样的董事会成员“随意地驳回学者和科学家的职业工作只是另一种误导性的观点”。)”可知，Dan Quinn认为Hardy随意地驳回学者和科学家的职业工作，由此可知，Quinn认为Hardy否认了科学工作的价值。故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. (美国国家科学教育中心是一个由科学家和教师组成的非营利组织，去年的一项研究考察了全国各州公立学校如何在科学课上应对气候变化，该研究仅给美国一半的州打了B+或更高的分数。)”可知，美国仅有一半的州在教授学生如何应对气候变化方面得了B+或更高的分数，由此可知，第5段中提到的研究表明公立学校的气候教育不足。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralizes decisions to local school boards. (该中心副主任格伦·布兰奇警告说，在一个将决策权下放给地方学校董事会的国家，制定州级科学标准只是一个有限的基准。)”可知，布兰奇认为制定州级科学标准只是一个有限的基准，由此可知，布兰奇认为美国州级科学标准影响力有限。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our Amazing Hands The hand is where the mind meets the world. We use our hands to build fires, to fly airplanes, and to write. The human brain, with its open-ended creativity, may be the thing that makes the human race unique. But without hands, all the ideas we think up would come to nothing. ____35____ Study it carefully, you will find something interesting. The thumb alone is controlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a group of bones and muscles connected with nerves. The nerves send branches into each fingertip, which makes the fingers extremely flexible. ____36____ Early hands seemed more unusual and interesting than any hand today. Some animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates (脊椎动物) appeared 340 million years ago, the hand had developed to only five fingers. ____37____ After years of research, scientists are beginning to understand the molecular (分子的) changes in hands. ____38____This makes the hands of different animals very similar. There is a network of many genes that builds a hand, and all hands are built on that network. The discovery has given scientists a deeper understanding of the development of hands. A bird’s wing and a lion’s pa w may appear to have nothing in common. ____39____It may just be a little more of one protein here, a little less of another there. In the past, scientists could recognize only the outward signs that hands had developed from a common ancestor. Today scientists are uncovering the inward signs as well. A Hands can often be used for a number of different purposes. B. But the difference between them may come down to a tiny change in form. C. It has kept that number for reasons scientists don’t yet know. D. No one would doubt that the five fingers are different with each other. E. They also see that all hands start out in much the same way. F. So you can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands to set springs in place under a microscope. G. The reason we can use our hands for so many things is their special structure. 【答案】35. G 36. F 37. C 38. E 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类手部的结构、功能、发展以及与其他动物手部结构的相似性，向读者展示了手的神奇之处和科学家们对手部研究的最新进展。 【35题详解】 空后内容“Study it carefully, you will find something interesting. (仔细研究它，你会发现一些有趣的事情。)”中的“it”指代的就是手，这句话暗示了手的结构或特点很有趣，所以空处需要一个句子来承接前文并引出后文对手的研究。选项G“The reason we can use our hands for so many things is their special structure. (我们能用手做这么多事情的原因是它们特殊的结构。)” 既承接了前文关于手可以用于多种用途的表述，又引出了后文对手的结构的研究，符合语境。故选G。 【36题详解】 根据空前内容“The thumb alone is controlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a group of bones and muscles connected with nerves. The nerves send branches into each fingertip, which makes the fingers extremely flexible. (仅拇指就由九块独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组与神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。神经向每个指尖发出分支，这使得手指极其灵活。)”可知，上文提到了手指非常灵活。选项F“So you can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands to set springs in place under a microscope. (所以你可以看到一位熟练的钟表匠在显微镜下用他的双手把弹簧放在适当的位置。)”为一个具体的例子，很好地说明了手指灵活性的实际应用，即手的结构使其能够完成精细的操作。故选F。 【37题详解】 根据空前内容“But by the time vertebrates appeared 340 million years ago, the hand had developed to only five fingers. (但在3.4亿年前脊椎动物出现的时候，手已经发展到只有五个手指了。)”可知，上文提到了手已经发展到了五个手指。选项C“It has kept that number for reasons scientists don’t yet know. (出于科学家们尚不知道的原因，它一直保持了这个数字。)”延续上文内容，指出了手指为什么保持五个的原因到现在还不清楚。故选C。 【38题详解】 根据空前内容“After years of research, scientists are beginning to understand the molecular changes in hands. (经过多年的研究，科学家们开始了解手部的分子变化。)”可知，空处需要进一步说明这些分子变化的特点或影响。选项E“They also see that all hands start out in much the same way. (他们也看到所有的手都以非常相似的方式开始。)”延续上文内容，继续讲述手部的发展变化。故选E。 【39题详解】 根据空前内容“The discovery has given scientists a deeper understanding of the development of hands. A bird’s wing and a lion’s pa w may appear to have nothing in common. (这一发现使科学家们对手的发展有了更深入的了解。鸟的翅膀和狮子的爪子可能看起来没有什么共同之处。)”可知，上文提到了鸟的翅膀和狮子的爪子看起来似乎不同。选项B“But the difference between them may come down to a tiny change in form. (但它们之间的区别可能只是形态上的微小变化。)”解释了为什么不同的手部结构可能只是形态上的微小差异，这与后文提到的“It may just be a little more of one protein here, a little less of another there (这可能只是这里多一点某种蛋白质，那里少一点另一种蛋白质。)”相呼应，即手部结构的差异可能只是由蛋白质含量的微小变化引起的。故选B。 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The other day I was having coffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in over a year, when he asked me this question: “Do you regret leaving Google?” “Of course, I don’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. Truth is, not every decision we make will be the right choice for us. I learned later that quitting my one and only source of income to start an e-commerce business from nothing was a recipe for financial disaster. No, that decision was not the right one at the time. Perhaps I should’ve followed the advice I give today: Build your business while working a full-time job so that you can work from a place of stability. But then again, I wouldn’t have learned such a valuable lesson had I not acted upon what was truly important to me at the time—the freedom of pursuing my own dream, on my own terms. We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We compare the choices we made yesterday to an ideal path that we think we should have taken—we simply imagine it to be a better path. What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today. There’s a much better way to look at regret—a more mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where action, reflection, and gratitude meet. So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this? And how have I grown because of it?” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. 40. What did Brian’s question make the writer realize? ___________________________________________________________ 41. List the two words the author uses to describe the viewpoint people should take when facing regret. ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. ___________________________________________________________ 43. What has been your biggest regret during your high school life? What have you learned from this? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. 41. Appreciative and grateful. 42. When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today. 43. The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者的自身经历表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. (但当我更深入地思考他的问题时，我意识到：我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。)”可知，朋友的问题使我意识到我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。故答案为We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this? And how have I grown because of it?” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. ( 所以，当你发现自己陷入后悔之中时，停下来问问自己这两个问题：“我从这件事中学到了什么？我是如何因此而成长的呢？”也许你可以把你的观点从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。)”可知作者用来描述人们在面对后悔时应该采取的观点的两个词是appreciative和grateful。故答案为Appreciative and grateful。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.(更糟糕的是，当陷入后悔之中时，我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。) ”可知“When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. (当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的是过去的选择无法改变。)”这句话是错误的，当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的不是过去的选择无法改变。而是我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。故答案为When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today. 【43题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可。这篇文章表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。我们人生当中都有后悔的事情，关键是我们面对后悔和遗憾的态度。故答案可为The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience. 第二节 (共20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校正在为“校园劳动周”征集活动方案，你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法，请你给英国好友Jim 写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括： 1. 介绍设计想法； 2. 说明设计理由。 注意:1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, How have you been recently? Our school is organizing a “Campus Labor Week” and I’m eager to participate. I’ve come up with an activity plan and would love to hear your thoughts. My idea is to set up a “Green Campus” initiative, where students can plant trees, clean up areas, and learn about environmental protection. I believe this will not only beautify our school but also foster a sense of responsibility towards nature. Moreover, it aligns well with the global trend of sustainability. What do you think of this plan? Do you have any suggestions to make it more engaging or meaningful? Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中咨询信。要求考生给英国好友Jim 写一封邮件就学校“校园劳动周”活动方案征集活动询问对方的建议。 详解】1.词汇积累 渴望做某事：be eager it→ be desperate to 参与：participate→ take part 提出、想出：come up with→ put forward 此外：moreover→ what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Do you have any suggestions to make it more engaging or meaningful? 拓展句：Do you have any suggestions on how I can make it more engaging or meaningful? 【点睛】【高分句型1】My idea is to set up a “Green Campus” initiative, where students can plant trees, clean up areas, and learn about environmental protection.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I believe this will not only beautify our school but also foster a sense of responsibility towards nature.（运用了省略引导词that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024高三东城汇文中学中期中试卷 第一节 完形填空 When most teenagers his age are preparing for competitive exams or training to be athletes, Henry Burner, struggling with dyslexia (阅读障碍), decides to chart his own route for success. At the age of 10, his class ____1____ a trading post, where students would sell and buy goods with heads. His mom suggested making cupcakes, but Burner refused. “Mom, the baked goods market is going to be totally oversaturated (过度饱和的). Few students make things that last long. We need to make something ____2____.” So he pulled out his mom’s old button machine and made buttons. When Burner ended up with the most bends at the trading post, he felt for the first time that he was really successful. Arriving home, Burner asked his mom. “Can I make it a real business?” That was the ____3____ of Buttonsmith, a retail company which now has over 10,000 products available. Along with his regular schooling, Burner played a large role in the company’s strategic decision making and ____4____ his breaks and weekends working on the company. Buttonsmith started from the farmer’s market before going online and____5____, developing its own website. After going online, Buttonsmith’s sales showed a significant upward graph and reached millions of people, and that was a (n) ____6____ point. Since then he has greatly ____7____ product lines into many affordable high quality products that allow people to express who they are to the world. Starting with buttons, the company has diversified its product ____8____ and currently provides dog collars, leashes, business cards, banners, etc. To stay ahead of competitors, Burner has optimized Buttonsmith to have custom products made within minutes of the order being ____9____ and makes sure the products are in the customers’ hands within two days. After creating an impressive retail company at home, Buttonsmith is strategizing to spread its _____10_____to other countries. “I love being an entrepreneur.” concluded Burner. 1. A. ran B. spotted C. decorate D. swept 2. A. portable B. durable C. stable D. flexible 3. A. mission B. advantage C. initiation D. performance 4. A. killed B. invested C. balanced D. delayed 5. A. hesitantly B. frequently C. eventually D. accidentally 6. A. crucial B. temporary C. regular D. urgent 7. A. slid B. poured C. packed D. expanded 8 A. costs B. sizes C. offerings D. supplies 9. A. placed B. deleted C. tracked D. shipped 10. A. research B. wishes C. taste D. roots 二、语法填空 A 语法填空 A white telephone booth, known as the Phone of the Wind, ____11____ (sit) in a garden on top of a hill. Though ____12____ (disconnect), the phone serves a surprising purpose: helping people speak out what they feel embarrassed to say in front of others. Having thought about the idea for a long time, Sasaki finally built the booth, “My thoughts can’t be relayed ____13____ regular phone line, so I want them to be carried on the wind. I hope others can also express their feelings in the same way.” B 语法填空 Everyone has a sense of humor, ____14____ not everybody has a good sense of it. Psychologists ____15____ (divide) on whether humor is inborn or learnable. However, there is one thing that is accepted widely so far the sense of humor is uniquely human. It is associated with happiness and courage. These are qualities ____16____ can be shared with other forms of life. But if happiness is one of the goals chased in life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key. C 语法填空 Zhaobi, or screen walls, have a long and storied history. Zhaobi can be found outside the ____17____ (enter) of buildings, and in their earliest form, they were built for only the highest members of society ____18____ (show) their social status and protect privacy. It was believed that would also act as the spiritual protection. Then they became an important form of artistic expression, representing good fortunate appearing on the walls. Nowadays, zhaobi are still ____19____ they looked in the distant past. By evolving their function, these walls ____20____ (witness) China’s development, giving us a snapshot of life at a particular time in history. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，共38分) 第一节 (共14小题：每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每路所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanosecond. The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself? If you’re worried about your personal information getting lifted... Don’t hand over your name, address, phone number, or email address unless the receiver really needs it. If pressed, you can always make something up. Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss. If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private... Browse (浏览) with Firefox. Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers. Or use DuckDuckGo and alternate service you can easily set as your default (默认) search partner at duckduckgo.com. If you’re worried about your phone acting as a tracker... Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that need to know where you are, You can do this in Settings, under Privacy and Location. and Location. If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things... Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov. If you’re worried about being tagged (标记) in photos on social media... Tell friends you don’t want to be tagged, and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people’s Facebook photos by going to Settings, then Face Recognition. Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment. Although you can’t prevent all Internet Spying, you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps. 21. Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information? A. Looking for information with Firefox. B. Receiving a receipt through text messages. C. Switching off Location Services in Settings. D. Giving your address to the receiver who needs it. 22. If you don’t want to be disturbed by ads, you can ________. A. avoid using simpleoptout.com. B. refuse a call from DuckDuckGo. C. delete your phone number at donotcall.gov. D. register your phone number at donotcall.gov. 23. The passage is intended to ________. A. give advice B. introduce websites C. show worries D. explain social media B As a clueless freshman, I waltzed into my first creative writing course by accident, thinking it was a literature class on how to read stories, not how to write them. When the teacher introduced the course, I realized my mistake. The credits I earned from the course wouldn’t count toward my major. By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. Silence blanketed the room. No one risked eye contact. Whoever volunteered would have to write a whole story in a week. Perhaps they, like me, had never written one before. Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. So, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. Years later, I’d completed a degree in creative writing and was working on a novel when a literary agent asked to read the first 50 pages of my draft. But I wasn’t comfortable showing her anything; the novel was far from done. Throughout graduate school, I’d been advised many times not to contact agents until I have a complete draft. In the meanwhile, I knew the beginning of my story was attractive and that the agent might not remember me after a year. So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. She has since seen me through the publication of three novels. Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. 24. What made the author finally decide to take the course? A. The popularity of the course. B. Her confidence in her writing skills. C. Her curiosity about story writing. D. The need to get credits for her degree. 25. The author volunteered to write the first workshop story to ________. A challenge herself B. win a place in the class C. display her talent D. impress the teacher 26. The author sent her first three chapters to the agent because ________. A. she wanted to get the chance of publication B. her story was attractive to readers C. the agent asked her to turn in the work D. her friends advised her to do so 27. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Action speaks louder than words. B. Confidence leads to growth and fulfillment. C. Success comes to those who dare. D. Chance favors only the prepared mind. C Enlightening, challenging, stimulating, fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experiences of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll, said they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future. Such an encouraging result is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists to help them communicate their work to new audiences. “Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learning” one respondent said. One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University’s Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The performance was a creative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK. But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artists than scientists responded to the Nature poll; however, several respondents noted that artists do not simply assist scientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared interest in a project, are able to jointly design it and can critique each other’s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as well as result in powerful art. More than half a century ago, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) to explore the role of technology in culture. The founders deliberately focused their projects around light—hence the"visual studies"in the name. Light was something that both artists and scientists had an interest in, and therefore could form the basis of collaboration. As science and technology progressed, and divided into more sub-disciplines, the centre was simultaneously (同时地) looking to a time when leading researchers could also be artists, writers and poets, and vice versa. Nature’s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to invest time, and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participant must not fall into the trap of stereotyping (对…产生成见) each other. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too. 28. According to Paragraph 1, art-science collaborations have ________. A. caught the attention of critics B. received favorable responses C. promoted academic publishing D. sparked heated public controversy 29. The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that ________. A. art can offer audiences easy access to science B. science can help with the expression of emotions C. public participation in science has a promising future D. art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations 30. What does the underlined world “alliances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. associations B. attachments C. disputes D. involvements 31. According to the author, art-science collaborations A. are likely to go beyond public expectations B. will intensify interdisciplinary competition C. should do more than communicating science D are becoming more popular than before D The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools. Pat Hardy, who sympathizes with the views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. “There are as many scientists working against all the panic of global climate change as there are those who are pushing it,” she claims. “Texas is an energy state and we need to recognize that. You need to remember where your bread is buttered.” Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. Board members like her “casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion,” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools. A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere. Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralizes decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says. Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages-such as earth and space sciences in high schools—it is not as well represented in curricula (教学大纲) for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more biased perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by energy industry associations. 32. What does Quinn think of Hardy? A. She exaggerates the existing panic. B. She shows no concern for pre-teens. C. She expresses self-contradictory views. D. She denies the value of scientific work. 33. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 shows that ________. A. Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks B. policymakers have little drive for science education C. climate education is insufficient at state public schools D. environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision 34. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US________. A. call for regular revision B. have limited influence C. require urgent application D. prioritize local needs 第二节 (共5小题：每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our Amazing Hands The hand is where the mind meets the world. We use our hands to build fires, to fly airplanes, and to write. The human brain, with its open-ended creativity, may be the thing that makes the human race unique. But without hands, all the ideas we think up would come to nothing. ____35____ Study it carefully, you will find something interesting. The thumb alone is controlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a group of bones and muscles connected with nerves. The nerves send branches into each fingertip, which makes the fingers extremely flexible. ____36____ Early hands seemed more unusual and interesting than any hand today. Some animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates (脊椎动物) appeared 340 million years ago, the hand had developed to only five fingers. ____37____ After years of research, scientists are beginning to understand the molecular (分子的) changes in hands. ____38____This makes the hands of different animals very similar. There is a network of many genes that builds a hand, and all hands are built on that network. The discovery has given scientists a deeper understanding of the development of hands. A bird’s wing and a lion’s pa w may appear to have nothing in common. ____39____It may just be a little more of one protein here, a little less of another there. In the past, scientists could recognize only the outward signs that hands had developed from a common ancestor. Today scientists are uncovering the inward signs as well. A. Hands can often be used for a number of different purposes. B. But the difference between them may come down to a tiny change in form. C. It has kept that number for reasons scientists don’t yet know. D. No one would doubt that the five fingers are different with each other. E. They also see that all hands start out in much the same way. F. So you can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands to set springs in place under a microscope. G. The reason we can use our hands for so many things is their special structure. 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The other day I was having coffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in over a year, when he asked me this question: “Do you regret leaving Google?” “Of course, I don’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. Truth is, not every decision we make will be the right choice for us. I learned later that quitting my one and only source of income to start an e-commerce business from nothing was a recipe for financial disaster. No, that decision was not the right one at the time. Perhaps I should’ve followed the advice I give today: Build your business while working a full-time job so that you can work from a place of stability. But then again, I wouldn’t have learned such a valuable lesson had I not acted upon what was truly important to me at the time—the freedom of pursuing my own dream, on my own terms. We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We compare the choices we made yesterday to an ideal path that we think we should have taken—we simply imagine it to be a better path. What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today. There’s a much better way to look at regret—a more mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where action, reflection, and gratitude meet. So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this? And how have I grown because of it?” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. 40. What did Brian’s question make the writer realize? ___________________________________________________________ 41. List the two words the author uses to describe the viewpoint people should take when facing regret. ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. ___________________________________________________________ 43. What has been your biggest regret during your high school life? What have you learned from this? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 第二节 (共20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校正在为“校园劳动周”征集活动方案，你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法，请你给英国好友Jim 写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括： 1. 介绍设计想法； 2. 说明设计理由。 注意:1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$