专题03 阅读理解之说明文20篇（必考体裁，期末真题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（浙江专用）

专题03 阅读理解之说明文20篇（必考体裁，期末真题速递） （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Which would you give a boy for his birthday, a toy truck or a doll? If you choose the truck, well, you’re not alone. Most people think that some toys are for boys and some are for girls. We might pick building toys for boys and kitchen toys for girls. But why do we do this? Are boys and girls really born with different interests in toys? No, they are not. Children start to show different interests in toys at age three, but only because at this time, they begin to learn about gender（性别） and to follow what others of their gender do. If you give a girl kitchen toys, she will think they are girls’ toys because she sees other girls playing with them. But if you give a girl a toy car and show her a group of girls who are playing with cars, she’ll play with the toy car and think it is a girls’ toy. This “watch and follow” habit often becomes a rule for both boys and girls in choosing the “right” toys. However, this rule can be bad for children. Different toys teach children different things. Dolls help with their early language use, and building toys are good for learning math and science. By playing with different toys, children can find out what they are interested in or what they are good at. If they only play one kind of toy, they may lose this important chance. They may also get a wrong idea about what boys or girls are able to do. Some doctors worry that children may use the same kind of thinking when they look for jobs in the future. If they do, they may miss something more important than just getting a chance to play with different toys. They may miss many, perhaps better, chances in life. 1．What idea does the text mainly talk about? A．Not all kinds of toys are actually helpful for kids. B．We should not let gender decide the toys for kids. C．Kids know their gender from playing with toys. D．Parents should give kids the right toys for their age. 2．When do children start to show different interests in toys? A．At the age of 3. B．At the age of 4. C．At the age of 5. D．At the age of 6. 3．How does the writer make his idea clear in Paragraph 2? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By showing a picture. D．By telling a story. 4．Why does the writer think “this rule can be bad for children”? A．Children may not want to share their own toys with others. B．Children may have the wrong idea about following rules. C．Children may not be able to learn from playing with toys. D．Children may miss the chance to find out what they really like. （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）阅读判断 The THIRD month of the school year has now arrived. Have you noticed that when we talk about numbers, we naturally think of the number three? In some ways, “three” is a number that has magical powers. You might have found that this number is all around us. Everything has a beginning, a middle, and an end. We eat three meals a day. Traffic lights all over the world use three colors: red, yellow and green. And there is the rule of three. It is an age-old writing skill. According to this rule, things can always become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. The Three Character Classic or Sanzijing, for example, is one of the most popular Chinese Meng Xue (elementary study) texts. Have you ever noticed how powerfully ads use the rule of three to improve their marketing? Just do it. I’m loving it. Coke is it. Everything is possible. These famous slogans (口号) are all three words long. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? Well, it is because our brains enjoy thinking in patterns (模型). If there are no patterns, our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern. An audience member will usually only remember three things from a speech. Do you want something in your speech to keep in your audience’s minds? Put it forward to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives, we can make many things easier. For example, the start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. However, people hardly ever keep them! Many people like to add lots of tasks (任务) to their to-do lists. Sometimes they may be too difficult to achieve. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, the best resolution is to just make three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable. And next time you are making New Year’s resolutions, consider listing only three things to work on. The longer your list is, the less likely you are to keep it! 1．In Paragraph 2, the writer gives the examples about “three” to show that ________. A．there are strict rules for three-word-long ads B．the number three is everywhere in our lives C．everything is possible thanks to the rule of three D．Sanzijing is one of the most famous classic texts 2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．why the number three has magical powers B．how to help people remember things easily C．what causes brains to think in a creative way D．whether it’s possible to keep everything in mind 3．What does the writer suggest to make things easier? A．Listing only three things that we can achieve. B．Making three tasks that are as simple as possible. C．Forgetting about the resolutions we’ve ever made. D．Adding as many things to our to-do lists as possible. 4．The best title for the passage is “________ ”. A．Famous Slogans B．Magical Threes C．Small Challenges D．Achievable Tasks （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）According to a new research this year, kids and teenagers who volunteer aren’t just helping their community. They might also be helping themselves. It is said that doing volunteering through school or community groups will do good to the health of kids and teens. What the survey shows Experts did a survey among the parents of about 50,000 kids aged 6 to 17 in the United States and found that kids who took part in community service were 34% more likely to be in very good physical health than those who didn’t. And those who volunteered were 66% more likely to be doing well in general. Kids aged 12 and older who volunteered were 2.5% less likely to have anxiety (焦虑) than those who didn’t. What the result suggests The result may have something useful to do with youth mental (精神的) health. In recent years, depression (抑郁) and anxiety are becoming more popular among young people. For example, more than 40% of high school students are reported experiencing feelings of sadness or hopelessness in 2023. One possible way to deal with this may be doing volunteering in the community. Why volunteering works Other researches have also found the connections between volunteering and well-being among kids and teenagers. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. In this way, they feel connected to those around them, and it makes them happier and healthier. However, experts also point out that it’s not possible to say for sure that volunteering makes better mental and physical health. It could be that when kids and teenagers take part in volunteering work, they get out of themselves and relax for a while, which has some active influence to both the mental and physical health. 1．The writer uses _________ to show the result of the research in paragraph 2. A．examples B．numbers C．rules D．questions 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Children who volunteered are always healthy. B．Volunteering is good for kids and teenagers. C．Healthy people do more volunteering work. D．About 50,000 kids took part in the survey. 3．What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The result of the mental and physical health. B．The volunteering work in the community. C．The rising of depression and anxiety. D．The experience of high school students. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage young people to take part in volunteering. B．To advise young people to live a healthier life. C．To explain why young people experience anxiety. D．To show how young people volunteer in community. （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）Water plays an important role in keeping you healthy. This should come as no surprise. Much of your body is made up of water, after all. It keeps your body working properly. But did you know that too much water can poison (使……中毒) you? Water poisoning happens when people drink too much water. This makes sodium (钠) in their blood too little. You probably already know that too much sodium can be unhealthy. That’s true, but too little is also harmful. When you have too little sodium in your body, a lot of things will go seriously wrong in your body. Then you will feel really terrible. Your brain may begin to go wrong. You may get a headache, feel very tired and want to throw up. In these cases, water poisoning can be deadly. You will need to be sent to a hospital right away. Protecting yourself from water poisoning may seem easy—just don’t drink too much water, right? In some situations, however, this is easier said than done. For example, when you do some heavy exercise, such as running a marathon, you may have to drink a lot of water. It is then important to balance the number of water you drink with the number of water your body is losing. This can help you stay healthy whenever you are exercising. So, how much water should a person drink each day? For years, we have been told to drink two liters (升) of water a day. But in fact, the actual number needed is different for each person. Today, most doctors are telling people that they should drink water whenever they feel thirsty. We can’t live without water. Neither can we live with too much water in our bodies. Make sure you take the right number of it each day—staying healthy is all about staying balanced! 1．What is much of people’s body made up of according to the passage? A．Water. B．Blood. C．Hair. D．Brain. 2．How does water poisoning happen?  　   　 a. People feel really terrible. b. People drink too much water. c. A lot of things go seriously wrong. d. There is too little sodium in their blood. A．c-b-a-d B．b-c-a-e C．b-d-c-a D．b-a-d-c 3．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．Water poisoning won’t make people die. B．Different people need different number of water. C．Too little sodium will not be harmful to people’s health. D．It’s easy for people to protect from water poisoning. 4．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To tell us stay in good health. B．To tell us stay in a balance of water. C．To tell us drink as less water as possible. D．To tell us drink two liters of water a day. （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）①Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been making waves in the art world. AI image-making tools such as Midjourney and DALL-E 2 can now make amazing digital (数码的) paintings. How do they work? ②For DALL-E 2, the AI is fed huge collections of artworks. The program finds patterns (模式) in the pictures and, after a while, learns which features (特征) are important, such as people, animals, objects, styles, or colors. Then it can produce images that keep the key features and produce a good result. The app produces a lot of images at the same time but chooses the most accurate (准确的) ones for the user to choose from. ③These days, anyone can go online or download an app to produce their own AI art. Just give the program a few key words and choose a style, and it will create a digital painting in the style you want. This means that anyone can now create art, even if they don’t know how to paint. ④Not everyone is happy about the growth of AI-generated (生成的) art. To some, it isn’t art at all because AI depends on learning from only the information it is given. The AI isn’t creating on its own. However, others think that AI is the same as humans and it is no different from any other artist. ⑤Some people also say that AI art has no value because it is too easy. It isn’t created step-by-step by a human. Yet the same is true of photography. Just as artists of an earlier age welcomed photography, some artists today are using AI to create unique works of art. These artists find that they have to work together with the AI in exploring and experimenting—it isn’t simple at all! ⑥At the heart of this debate (辩论) is an important question: Will AI replace human artists, or will humans learn to use AI as a tool to create great art? Only time will tell. 1．People can use Midjourney and DALL-E 2 to __________. A．collect artworks B．create paintings C．produce image-making tool D．take digital pictures of famous paintings 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．A style. B．AI art. C．The program. D．A key word. 3．Why are some people against AI-generated art? A．Because it is created step-by-step by humans. B．Because it can help people create unique artworks. C．Because it’s too difficult to operate the technology. D．Because it depends on learning from information instead of creating on its own. 4．From this passage we can know the writer is _________ about the future of using AI to create art. A．sure B．uncertain C．worried D．excited （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Recently, people online have been selling verbal abuse (言语辱骂) “services”. An internet user pays the seller some money to abuse the victim (受害者) through social media. However, this is not right or legal (合法的). To know more about this, Teens talked to Xing Junxia, a lawyer (律师) at the S&P Law Firm in Beijing. In life, we may say bad words to people we don’t like. If it gets serious, it becomes verbal abuse. “The act of verbal abuse violates (侵犯) the victim’s rights,” Xing said. “These words usually hurt the victim’s right to reputation (名誉权), which can lead to civil liability (民事责任).” The attacker (攻击者) should stop this right away. He or she should also formally (正式地) say sorry to the victim. This is to cut down their influence of the abuse. Xing pointed out that both the attacker and the payer should bear civil liability because they do it together. In more serious situations, the attacker will face administrative penalties (行政处罚). A man in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, who ran an online verbal abuse “service” and had abused 25 people, was recently caught. Although he knew it was illegal, he believed it was an easy way to make money. In the end, he was fined 500 yuan and handed over all of the illegal money he had got. In the most serious situations, Xing said, verbal abuse can make the victim ill. The attacker should then face criminal liability (刑事责任). It means that he or she may spend time in prison (监狱), said Xing. 1．If you are abused verbally, you can legally ________. A．ask the attacker for some money B．ask the attacker to stop and say sorry C．post the attacker’s acts online D．beat the attacker 2．Who is at fault (有错) in the case of selling verbal abuse “service”? A．Only the attacker. B．Only the payer. C．Both the attacker and the payer. D．The attacker, the payer and the victim. 3．The example in Paragraph 4 mainly shows us ________. A．that the payer won’t face a penalty B．that the attacker is only fined in serious cases C．the reason for “selling” verbal abuse D．the result of running verbal abuse “service” 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Selling services online is illegal. B．Verbal abuse can hurt others physically. C．We should use laws to protect ourselves. D．Verbal abuse is law-breaking. （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Here is this year’s report on the Top Ten Cities of Animal Island by Bestliving. com. ①Goosetown: Climbing up from last year’s second place, Goosetown comes in first for its lovely parks, cultural centers, and comfortable living space. ②Tigerville: Losing its top place to Goosetown, Tigerville is still a beautiful city, and as green as ever. ③Duckland: The only city staying in our top three for five years, Duckland is now cleaning itself up for next year’s Football World Cup. ④Oxtown: Not just a famous business city, Oxtown has turned itself into a garden city. ⑤Lionville: Famous for its culture and beautiful gardens, Lionville is the first city in the north to enter our top five. ⑥Sharkville: With winter sports as good as Oxtown’s, this exciting city is our second best pick in the east. ⑦Foxland: This city with white beaches could rise higher in the rankings (排名) if there were fewer traffic problems. ⑧Goatville: Dropping two places, Goatville should now think more about parks than shopping centers. ⑨Turtleland: New in our top ten, this old fishing town is full of surprise. ⑩Cowtown: Dropping from number seven, Cowtown must clean up the air. 1．What is Goosetown famous for? A．Comfortable living space. B．Winter sports. C．Shopping centers. D．White beaches. 2．Why did Cowtown drop three places? A．Because of the traffic problems. B．Because of its large population. C．Because of the air pollution. D．Because of its special location. 3．Which city might be No. 6 LAST year? A．Tigerville. B．Duckland. C．Goatville. D．Turtleland. （23-24九年级上·浙江台州·期末）Can friendship be in competitions? Here are some opinions of the students who took part in the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Bilingual (双语) Student Reporters Competition. We can find the answer from traditional Chinese culture. Confucius said, “With a bow, he ascends a mound; coming down, he salutes with a cup. Even if in contention, he is a gentleman (揖让而升, 下而饮。其争也君子).” For example, Chinese swimmer Wang Shun bowed to his Hungarian opponent (对手).                                                                                                                                     Ma Xiyan, 13 Let me tell you a story at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. The number one player, Luz Long from Germany, helped the second-place player, Jesse Owens from the US, by showing him where to start his jump. Jesse listened to Luz and ended up winning the game with a new world record! This story showed us that sport was about respect, fairness and friendship.                                                                                                                                   Wang Jiani, 16 Although winning is very important, it is not everything. For example, my favorite player, Gu Ailing, supported her sad opponent after the last jump. They not only showed the spirit of the Olympic slogan “Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together” but also got friendship outside the match.                                                                                                                              Wang Chenyu, 13 Friendship and competition are like two sides of the same coin — they are both very important. Let me give you an example. Table tennis players called Liu Guoliang and Kong Linghui were good friends. They competed against each other in singles matches, but they also played together as partners in doubles (双打比赛).                                                                                                                                 Yun Beichen, 14 1．The passage is mainly about the balance (平衡) between ________. A．study and life B．sports and health C．culture and nature D．friendship and competition 2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Wang Jiani thinks winning is more important than competition. B．Ma Xiyan gets the answer to the question from what Confucius said. C．Yun Beichen believes that sport is about the respect, fairness, and friendship. D．Wang Chenyu disagrees friendship and competition can happen at the same time. 3．In which column of a newspaper may you find this passage? A．Our Earth. B．Your Voice. C．Health Garden. D．School Time. （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）There is always a discussion about whether you should get your kids to do chores around the house or not. However, it really has so many benefits (益处) to children that I find it hard to see why you wouldn’t get them to do a few regular chores. The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills. They need to understand how to clean, how to cook, how to shop etc... It is, however, one of the things that schools don’t necessarily teach fully, so it is one of the main parts of learning that is down to parents to provide for children before they leave home. Children like to feel proud about their achievements. Helping around the house can really help to give them a sense of pride, and giving them praise for helping will make them want to do more. They will feel happy to be able to help around the house, not just a bystander. Giving your children a specific job or a specific area in the house to look after will help them learn how to be responsible in later life. They will see the benefit of keeping things organized, clean and tidy—and also appreciate (感激) more what you do for them as they grow up. Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house. As children get older, you can start to teach them how to understand the needs of themselves and others and plan accordingly. For example, if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time. They may start to plan ahead. All these reasons to get kids to do chores and help around the house mean that they’ll grow up with a great set of skills that can be of benefit to them throughout their lives. Why not get started today? 1．In the writer’s opinion, learning to do chores can ______. A．never happen at school B．improve children’s life skills C．help children be famous D．make sure of children’s success 2．The underlined word “acquire” in Para. 5 probably means ______. A．accept B．use C．learn D．follow 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Around the House B．The Importance of Learning at Home C．Reasons to Get Children to Do Chores D．Advice on How to Do Chores Skillfully （23-24九年级上·浙江金华·期末）“Don’t tell it to anyone.” We hear these words before or after someone tells a secret to us. But it can be hard to keep a secret. We just can’t help “spiling the beans”, even if we regret it later. One expert explains why keeping a secret is a challenge. According to Dr Asim Shah, keeping a secret may become a burden. As soon as you tell somebody not to repeat your secret, they begin to have an obsessive urge (过分冲动) to share it with others. With secrets so often getting out, why do people share them in the first place? Shah explained one is that people often feel like it will help them keep close friendships with others. However, linking telling someone your secrets with how close you are to them is not always advisable. It’s important for people to understand that they can have close relationships without sharing their secrets unnecessarily. Another reason is that people feel guilty (内疚的) about not sharing a secret. For example, if your friends tell you a secret but you don’t share it with those close to you, you may feel ashamed. If you don’t share certain things with them, a sense of distrust can develop. Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either losing or winning the trust of someone. He added that people who are more talkative may let a secret slip out, but that doesn’t mean it’s a good idea to share secrets with quieter people. If somebody is quiet and keeps everything in, it may cause them to have more stress, and finally they will talk to somebody. “If you end up accidentally sharing a secret with somebody else, it’s best to be honest and let the person know that you shared his or her secret and that it isn’t so secret anymore,” Shah said. 1．What does the underlined phrase “spilling the beans” mean? A．Forgetting the secret. B．Telling the secret to others. C．Discovering the secret. D．Keeping the secret to ourselves. 2．The example in the fourth paragraph is to show that ________. A．it is of great importance to trust each other B．close friends should be honest with each other C．keeping a secret can make people feel sorry D．it’s not necessary to feel guilty about not sharing anything 3．Which is Dr Asim Shah’s opinion? A．Sharing a secret can lead to a close friendship. B．Talkative people are more likely to keep a secret. C．The person who keeps a secret may suffer from stress. D．it’s best to share a secret with quiet people as it's safe with them. 4．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．how to avoid letting out a secret B．why it is important to keep a secret C．why it is difficult to keep a secret D．how to find out a secret by ourselves （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）Honeybees are great dancers, but they don’t just do it for fun. Scientists have long known that honeybees wiggle their bodies. It is their way of sharing information. When a bee starts dancing, it steps forward. At the same time, it wiggles side to side. It keeps doing this while it moves around. They dance just like number eight and scientists call this the “waggle dance”. It helps other bees find food. The bee’s position tells them which way to fly. The more a bee wiggles, the farther away the food is. The longer it repeats these moves, the tastier the food is. Now a new study shows that honeybees don’t have these dance skills when they are born. Young bees learn them by watching the older bees. In March 2023, scientists from the University of California, San Diego, wrote these findings in a scientific magazine. The study finds that bees can learn by imitating (模仿) each other. This is called “social learning”. Many animals learn in this way, like monkeys and birds, but most of these animals have bigger brains. Bees have much smaller brains. To know how bees learn the waggle dance, scientists recorded videos of honeybees in a lab. They compared two groups of young bees which were 10 days old. In the first group, young bees could watch older ones dance. In the second group, young bees could not watch older dancers. They found that the ones in Group 1 were better dancers while the ones in Group 2 were not good at the waggle dance. 1．The underlined word “ wiggle” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．warm B．clean C．move D．create 2．The picture which best describes “ waggle dance”  is ________? A． B． C． D． 3．The writer mentions monkeys and birds in Paragraph 4 to show that _________. A．bees also learn by copying others B．they are much cleverer than bees C．they have bigger brains than bees D．bees share information with them 4．The scientists’ study shows that bees _________. A．work as a team B．live with flowers C．can dance at birth D．do well in learning （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）Food safety is important and it doesn’t end at our door. Eating food not kept correctly could make you fall sick. The fridge may be a perfect choice for keeping food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box to keep all kinds of food. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly in your fridge. The temperature in the fresh-keeping area can be different from shelf to shelf. As a general rule, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So make use of these different temperatures to get the best out of your food by storing it on the right shelf. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers, pizza or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are most suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as cheese, butter, yogurt and eggs. Bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge, making them perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. Some fridges have a freezer (冷冻室) for keeping these things, so of course make use of that if you have one. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. This is called the Temperature Danger Zone. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fridge needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer temperature should be below -18℃. Fruit and vegetables can also be stored at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge. Everyone should pay attention to food safety. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1．According to the article, which of the following food should be put on the bottom shelves? A． B． C． D． 2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ___________. A．keeping food in the fridge B．eating food in time C．storing food at room temperature D．washing food before storing 3．What is the purpose of this article? A．To explain how the food goes bad. B．To introduce the different parts of a fridge. C．To tell the importance of food safety at home. D．To give some advice on using the fridge. （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Did you know that when you surf the web, some websites may put secret software (软件) on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. Then your information will be sold to other businesses. First, companies collect your information and record all your online habits. They find out where you live, what websites you visit and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are a man or woman, how old you are and what you are interested in. Then these companies will show products or other websites to you. Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media (社交媒体). When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don’t use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. This act of sharing could be a problem for your own safety. If someone knows too much about you, they can use your information to buy things online or post messages. However, it’s not all bad news. Rules are finally changing when it comes to technology. In Europe, for example, Internet users can now ask companies to show them what information they have about them and even make them delete (删除) it. If other countries do the same, the Internet could soon be a much safer place. 1．Why do companies collect people’s online information? A．To care about your life. B．To show their products. C．To improve your online habits D．To play a joke on you. 2．According to the passage, what is the possible danger of using social media? A．You may make some bad friends. B．You may have a bad sleep at night. C．Your information may be used by others. D．Your time may be wasted in posting pictures or videos. 3．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Things are selling better online! B．Someone’s always watching you online! C．Take care. Stay away from the Internet! D．Don’t worry. You are safe on the Internet! （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Manatees (海牛) are huge sea animals. They can be as long as 4 meters and weigh up to 590 kilograms when grown. Although they’re very large, manatees only eat sea grass and other plants that grow in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm water looking for food. Since 1967 Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals. Most threats (威胁) to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems the animals face is boats. Manatees are curious (好奇的) and quite slow. That has led to thousands of manatees being hurt or killed by boats. With protection, the number of manatees managed to rise again. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were about 8,800 manatees. But now manatees are facing a new challenge: They can’t get enough to eat. Because of pollution, sea grass that manatees depend on began to disappear around 2011. Last year, 1,101 manatees died. That was a record. Most starved to death because they had no grass to eat. Many of the manatees that remain are quite thin. So last December, government wildlife experts came up with a plan to provide emergency food for the manatees. They decided to feed them on green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. The feeding place, a warm and clean water area, is popular with the manatees. This plan is very successful. Around 350 manatees come here every day to get food. Sometimes, as many as 800 manatees can be here. Even so, scientists worry that many more manatees could starve this winter. So Florida is now working to help sea grass beds grow. But that will take time. 1．What can we learn about manatees? A．Most manatees died from human activities. B．Manatees don’t like boats and always hit them. C．Manatees have been well protected since 1967. D．Manatees are called “sea cows” because of their look. 2．What does the underlined word “starved” mean in Chinese? A．挨饿 B．生病 C．遇难 D．害怕 3．The writer seems to worry that ________. A．there are not enough vegetables B．sea grass will not grow back quickly C．pollution will bring more problems D．manatees are becoming fewer and fewer （23-24九年级上·浙江温州·期末） In a noisy restaurant, you can still hear your friend’s voice clearly. You talk happily without paying attention to others’ conversations. That’s because selective (选择性的) attention is helping you. Selective attention is an amazing ability in our brain. It allows people to choose and focus on (专注于) something in the environment. At the same time, it can filter out (过滤) unnecessary information, so people can focus on one conversation in a crowded place. But how does selective attention work? Researchers from Columbia University did an experiment to study it. The result shows that the brain is selective about the sounds it hears. When a person listens to someone talking, their brain waves (波) change to pick out the features of the speaker’s voice and filter out other voices. To further understand how selective attention works, the researchers studied two parts of the brain’s listening centre: Heschl’s gyrus (HG) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Information from the ears reaches HG first, passes through it and arrives at STG later. In the study, they found the following facts: in HG area, every voice is treated the same way. That is to say, HG doesn’t prefer one voice or another. But in STG area, it’s possible to choose one speaker’s voice and make it louder. The whole process (过程) only takes 150 milliseconds and it happens immediately to a listener. As a result, people can focus on one voice when there are many other conversations around. “Today’s study is quite important. We want to better understand how the brain helps us to hear so well, as well as create technologies that help people,” said Dr. Mesgarani, the leader of the researchers. With the help of the finding, speech recognition technologies have been improved. The researchers have already developed a new kind of hearing aid that can help collect information more correctly. It could make one speaker’s voice louder over another. They also plan to study more about HG and STG activity in situations that have more speakers. 1．What can selective attention help people do according to the passage? A．Choose where to talk. B．Hear more in a conversation C．Forget unnecessary information. D．Focus on one voice in a noisy place. 2．Which picture shows the process in the listening centre? A． B． C． D． 3．What will the researchers most probably study in the future? A．How to improve listening B．How the listening centre works. C．How to make a better hearing aid. D．How HG and STG protect each other. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Great Ability in Brain B．A New Study on Technologies C．A Key to Reducing Noise D．A Way to Make Conversation （23-24九年级上·浙江温州·期末） When you meet a strange Chinese character (汉字) what will you do? Surely, the most reliable way is to look it up in Xinhua Dictionary. Since its birth in 1953, Xinhua Dictionary has been a must-have book in schools across China. More than 567 million copies had been sold by 2016. So it was even recognized by the Guinness World Records as the “most popular dictionary” that year. Small as the dictionary is, it means a lot to China. The dictionary was given the name Xinhua by the chief editor Wei Jiangong, and it carried the hope of a country reborn. In 1949, around 80% of China’s population wasn’t able to get education (教育). It was Xinhua Dictionary that had reduced the number to 52% by 1964. To make it easier for illiterate people to understand, the earliest copies had many pictures. Thanks to Xinhua Dictionary, many Chinese got new chances in their life. Mo Yan, the 69-year-old Nobel Laureate, once mentioned the dictionary in his speech. He said that he was lucky to have a copy of the dictionary after dropping out from school. He learned most of Chinese characters from it, and that helped him write novels and enter a college later. This important dictionary has also recorded the development of the language and society. It is revised (修订) every five to ten years. Recent copies have included many new explanations. The character “晒” (to dry something in the sun), for example, now has a second meaning: to share. In a way, the dictionary hasn’t just explained characters; it has reflected (反映) the way Chinese people think. 1．When did Xinhua Dictionary first come out? A．In 1949. B．In 1953. C．In 1964. D．In 2016. 2．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate people” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who are bad at maths. B．People who can’t draw or sing. C．People who are too old to see. D．People who can’t read or write. 3．Why does the writer use the example of Mo Yan in Paragraph 4? A．To share a speech about the dictionary. B．To offer advice on using the dictionary. C．To show the influence of the dictionary. D．To explain the development of the dictionary. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．Nature. B．People. C．Culture. D．Business. （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）New Glasses Can Transcribe (转录) Speech in Real Time When Paul Shuttleworth bought himself a very expensive pair of eyeglasses for Christmas last year, it was a strange gift. The glasses didn’t improve his eyesight, weren’t particularly stylish and uncomfortably pressed down on his nose. But the glasses are an important tool for him which have helped him talk and join in conversations in ways that he had never been able to before. These fantastic glasses automatically (自动地) transcribe the words someone is saying and show the text on his glasses. Real-time captioning (为……配字幕) is not a totally new technology. People who are deaf or hard of hearing usually use apps such as Otter to transcribe a conversation as they’re having it. But having to ping-pong between the person they’re talking with and their phone can be uncomfortable and tiring. However, having captions in front of your eyes can change the situation. Improvements in speech recognition software (语音识别软件) have really enabled these technological developments, says Dan Scarfe, CEO of XRAI Glass, a company that makes a speech-processing app that can be used with live-captioning glasses. “I believe in about six months we’ll have a new killer piece of hardware that you can surely use for this. Then it’s just a question of finding people who want to use it,” Dan says. While live-captioning glasses could be an unbelievably powerful tool for millions of people, they are not a complete solution. For many people with hearing loss, understanding a friend in a crowded restaurant is a bad dream. Similarly, live-captioning software struggles to transcribe correct conversation in these spaces. Background noise remains a big problem that these glasses do not yet fully solve. Many people who are deaf or hard of hearing are excited by this technology, but some see it as a danger to requests for sign language interpreters (手语翻译). Captions do not show a speaker’s identity, feelings or voice changes; interpreters can give all background information. 1．Paul Shuttleworth bought a pair of expensive glasses to ______. A．prove he was very rich B．make himself look handsome C．improve his eyesight D．help himself in communication 2．According to the passage, Dan Scarfe ______. A．takes pride in their company’s new product B．has got well trained in making speech recognition apps C．thinks it possible for everyone to afford their products D．knows well how to help those with hearing problems 3．The 5th paragraph mainly tells us about ______. A．where living-captioning glasses can be used B．who would love to buy living-captioning glasses C．what challenge living-captioning glasses face D．how living-captioning glasses can work better 4．We can infer from the passage that ______. A．live-captioning glasses are important tools for everyone B．technologies cannot completely take the place of humans C．interpreters can change the speaker’s feelings D．the new glasses may be dangerous to users （23-24九年级上·浙江金华·期末）① Have you and your friends ever argued (争论) about what color this dress is? Just wait a minute before you start calling each other “colorblind”. According to the USA Today, “no one is wrong, no one is right”, because there is real science behind why we see it differently, and having eyesight problems is not part of it. ② To make it clear, for example, the dress itself is black and blue. However, in a survey taken by a social media website, tens of thousands of people think the dress is “white and gold”. Isn’t that strange? ③ Over millions of years, human beings have developed a certain way to tell the true color about something even if the lighting conditions keep changing. Just imagine looking at your white shirt during a golden sunset or under a purple light. Its color actually changes but you just know that it’s white, don’t you? ④ This is because your brain understands how the light is influencing the color of your shirt, and so you can tell it is white. Scientists call this “color constancy (恒定)”. ⑤ And here is where the disagreements began. When they see the image, someone thinks that the lighting in the room is very poor, so the dress must have very bright colors, like white and gold. Some, however, think the opposite: The lighting is very strong, so the dress must be in darker colors to look the way it does in the picture. ⑥ So, there is no need to question your eyesight if you see the dress as white and gold, and those who see it as blue and black should not be overjoyed either. This is nothing more than an optical illusion (视错觉). And no one gets serious about those, do they? 1．What can we learn from the 1st paragraph? A．Different climates can make the dress have different colors. B．It is not surprising for people to have eyesight problems. C．We should never argue about what color something really is. D．“Colorblind” won’t be easily called if we know the real science behind. 2．How does the writer make color constancy clear according to Paragraph 3-4? A．By describing and listing numbers. B．By explaining and listing examples. C．By questioning and doing experiments. D．By comparing and sorting management. 3．What does the writer want to tell us from the passage? A．How to study different colors. B．Why human brains can tell true colors. C．How to deal with color disagreements. D．Why lighting causes eyesight problems. 4．Which of the sentences below has the similar meaning as the last underlined sentence? A．No one knows more knowledge about the colors. B．People needn’t be serious about their eyesight problems. C．No one wants to argue with a friend about the color a lot. D．People don’t need to be too serious about the optical illusion. （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）①Confucius, who was born more than two thousand years ago, is one of the most important Chinese philosophers (哲学家). After all these years, his influence is still strong in modern times. ②Unlike the abstract (抽象的) philosophy of Laozi, Confucian ideas about right and wrong are easy to understand and connected to daily life. “It’s all about the everyday. It’s all about family,” Roger Ames, a Confucius expert at Peking University, told China Daily. ③For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to “be filial (孝顺的) to parents and respectful to brothers”. Confucius believed that if everyone knows how to love their families, they will know how to love others, love their country and love the world. ④“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you” is the favorite Confucius idea of Guo Jiulin, a professor at Dalian Minzu University. “It reminds me that if a person wants to achieve his social dreams, he must first be strict with himself in words and behaviors,” he told China Daily. ⑤Another important Confucian idea is he, or harmony (和谐). Sun Yiting, a student from Zhejiang University, values it. “It reminds me to calm down when I get angry,” she told TEENS. “It reminds me to put oneself in others’ shoes. This way of thinking makes my life much happier.” ⑥Confucian ideas can even be connected to today’s global problems, according to Ames. ⑦“Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs. If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom (智慧). This is really needed in the world today,” said Ames. ⑧“Global warming, food and water shortages, environmental problems, international terrorism (恐怖主义). We can solve these problems only if we work together.” 1．From the passage, we know that ________. A．Confucius asked people to be strict with others B．Confucian’s influence was only strong in ancient times C．Confucius encouraged people to love parents and respect brothers D．Confucian’s ideas about right and wrong are difficult to understand 2．According to Ames, which of Confucian’s ideas can be used to solve today’s global problems? A．He, or harmony B．Be filial to parents and respectful to brothers C．Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you D．The only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs. 3．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A．put on others’ shoes B．ask for others’ advice C．think about things from others’ side D．work out the problems with others’ help 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Right and Wrong in Life B．Old Wisdom in A New Age C．Great Chinese Philosophers D．Dealing with World’s Problems （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）How many times have you found yourself distracted (走神的) in conversations with friends, family members or loved ones? This happens to everyone from time to time. However, it’s important for us to think about how often this happens in our lives. Research has shown that most of us only remember 25% to 50% of what we hear. So why aren’t we good listeners? For one thing, we may care more about ourselves than about others. A study found there is a rise in the number of self-centered people among college students. So how can we work to become more caring listeners? First, we can begin by changing our attitude (态度) towards conversations. As Stephen R. Covey said, “Most people do not listen with intent (意图) to understand; they listen with intent to reply.” A dialogue is a chance to learn, to see things differently, and to open your eyes to new information. However, many people just want to express their own ideas without listening. Listening is one of the most important skills. Listening not only increases our knowledge, but also helps us understand people around us. An exchange in communication is helpful for a close relationship. If the talk becomes one-sided, we may be less connected with others. So when having conversations with others, we should listen patiently or politely until they are finished. Then we can say something meaningful. Thankfully, we can all improve our listening skills. We can start by being open to the fact that maybe we aren’t as good listeners as we believe. When we start to question ourselves, we will be able to become better listeners, thinkers, lovers and friends. 1．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．adults are not distracted when talking to others B．more college students care more about themselves C．most people can remember more than half of what they hear D．it doesn’t matter how often we get distracted in conversations 2．If John wants to become a better listener, what should he do? A．Pay more attention to himself. B．Hurry to express his thoughts to others. C．Cut in on his friends’ conversation. D．Try to understand what others are saying. 3．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Different ways of expressing our ideas. B．The influence of one-sided conversations. C．The importance of becoming better listeners. D．Reasons for developing close relationships. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解之说明文20篇（必考体裁，期末真题速递） （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Which would you give a boy for his birthday, a toy truck or a doll? If you choose the truck, well, you’re not alone. Most people think that some toys are for boys and some are for girls. We might pick building toys for boys and kitchen toys for girls. But why do we do this? Are boys and girls really born with different interests in toys? No, they are not. Children start to show different interests in toys at age three, but only because at this time, they begin to learn about gender（性别） and to follow what others of their gender do. If you give a girl kitchen toys, she will think they are girls’ toys because she sees other girls playing with them. But if you give a girl a toy car and show her a group of girls who are playing with cars, she’ll play with the toy car and think it is a girls’ toy. This “watch and follow” habit often becomes a rule for both boys and girls in choosing the “right” toys. However, this rule can be bad for children. Different toys teach children different things. Dolls help with their early language use, and building toys are good for learning math and science. By playing with different toys, children can find out what they are interested in or what they are good at. If they only play one kind of toy, they may lose this important chance. They may also get a wrong idea about what boys or girls are able to do. Some doctors worry that children may use the same kind of thinking when they look for jobs in the future. If they do, they may miss something more important than just getting a chance to play with different toys. They may miss many, perhaps better, chances in life. 1．What idea does the text mainly talk about? A．Not all kinds of toys are actually helpful for kids. B．We should not let gender decide the toys for kids. C．Kids know their gender from playing with toys. D．Parents should give kids the right toys for their age. 2．When do children start to show different interests in toys? A．At the age of 3. B．At the age of 4. C．At the age of 5. D．At the age of 6. 3．How does the writer make his idea clear in Paragraph 2? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By showing a picture. D．By telling a story. 4．Why does the writer think “this rule can be bad for children”? A．Children may not want to share their own toys with others. B．Children may have the wrong idea about following rules. C．Children may not be able to learn from playing with toys. D．Children may miss the chance to find out what they really like. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讨论了给男孩生日礼物时应该选择玩具卡车还是玩具娃娃的问题，以及人们对于男孩和女孩玩具的刻板印象。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Most people think that some toys are for boys and some are for girls. ”和第三段“However, this rule can be bad for children. Different toys teach children different things.”可知作者认为我们不应该让性别决定孩子可以玩哪些玩具。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Children start to show different interests in toys at age three, but only because at this time, they begin to learn about gender（性别） and to follow what others of their gender do.”可知孩子在三岁时开始展现对玩具的不同兴趣。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“If you give a girl kitchen toys, she will think they are girls’ toys because she sees other girls playing with them. But if you give a girl a toy car and show her a group of girls who are playing with cars, she’ll play with the toy car and think it is a girls’ toy.”可知作者通过举例子来说明他的观点。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“If they do, they may miss something more important than just getting a chance to play with different toys. They may miss many, perhaps better, chances in life.”可知作者认为孩子们会错过发现自己真正喜欢什么的机会。故选D。 （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）阅读判断 The THIRD month of the school year has now arrived. Have you noticed that when we talk about numbers, we naturally think of the number three? In some ways, “three” is a number that has magical powers. You might have found that this number is all around us. Everything has a beginning, a middle, and an end. We eat three meals a day. Traffic lights all over the world use three colors: red, yellow and green. And there is the rule of three. It is an age-old writing skill. According to this rule, things can always become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. The Three Character Classic or Sanzijing, for example, is one of the most popular Chinese Meng Xue (elementary study) texts. Have you ever noticed how powerfully ads use the rule of three to improve their marketing? Just do it. I’m loving it. Coke is it. Everything is possible. These famous slogans (口号) are all three words long. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? Well, it is because our brains enjoy thinking in patterns (模型). If there are no patterns, our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern. An audience member will usually only remember three things from a speech. Do you want something in your speech to keep in your audience’s minds? Put it forward to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives, we can make many things easier. For example, the start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. However, people hardly ever keep them! Many people like to add lots of tasks (任务) to their to-do lists. Sometimes they may be too difficult to achieve. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, the best resolution is to just make three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable. And next time you are making New Year’s resolutions, consider listing only three things to work on. The longer your list is, the less likely you are to keep it! 1．In Paragraph 2, the writer gives the examples about “three” to show that ________. A．there are strict rules for three-word-long ads B．the number three is everywhere in our lives C．everything is possible thanks to the rule of three D．Sanzijing is one of the most famous classic texts 2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．why the number three has magical powers B．how to help people remember things easily C．what causes brains to think in a creative way D．whether it’s possible to keep everything in mind 3．What does the writer suggest to make things easier? A．Listing only three things that we can achieve. B．Making three tasks that are as simple as possible. C．Forgetting about the resolutions we’ve ever made. D．Adding as many things to our to-do lists as possible. 4．The best title for the passage is “________ ”. A．Famous Slogans B．Magical Threes C．Small Challenges D．Achievable Tasks 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】 本文主要讲述了关于数字三的魔力。无论是在日常生活中还是在广告中，数字三都有着特殊的意义。数字三能够形成简单的模式，使大脑更容易接受和记忆。因此，在制定计划或者制定新年计划时，只列出三项任务会更容易实现。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“You might have found that this number is all around us.”以及这一段后面都是举的生活中的例子可知，在第二段中，作者举了关于“三”的例子来说明数字“三”在我们的生活中无处不在。故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据第三段“But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical?”以及这一段后面都是对这个问题的解释可知，第三段主要是关于为什么数字三有魔力。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“the best resolution is to just make three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable.”可知，作者建议只列出我们能实现的三件事使事情能变得更容易。故选A。 4．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了关于数字三的魔力。无论是在日常生活中还是在广告中，数字“三”都有着特殊的意义。所以“神奇的三”作为标题最合适。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）According to a new research this year, kids and teenagers who volunteer aren’t just helping their community. They might also be helping themselves. It is said that doing volunteering through school or community groups will do good to the health of kids and teens. What the survey shows Experts did a survey among the parents of about 50,000 kids aged 6 to 17 in the United States and found that kids who took part in community service were 34% more likely to be in very good physical health than those who didn’t. And those who volunteered were 66% more likely to be doing well in general. Kids aged 12 and older who volunteered were 2.5% less likely to have anxiety (焦虑) than those who didn’t. What the result suggests The result may have something useful to do with youth mental (精神的) health. In recent years, depression (抑郁) and anxiety are becoming more popular among young people. For example, more than 40% of high school students are reported experiencing feelings of sadness or hopelessness in 2023. One possible way to deal with this may be doing volunteering in the community. Why volunteering works Other researches have also found the connections between volunteering and well-being among kids and teenagers. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. In this way, they feel connected to those around them, and it makes them happier and healthier. However, experts also point out that it’s not possible to say for sure that volunteering makes better mental and physical health. It could be that when kids and teenagers take part in volunteering work, they get out of themselves and relax for a while, which has some active influence to both the mental and physical health. 1．The writer uses _________ to show the result of the research in paragraph 2. A．examples B．numbers C．rules D．questions 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Children who volunteered are always healthy. B．Volunteering is good for kids and teenagers. C．Healthy people do more volunteering work. D．About 50,000 kids took part in the survey. 3．What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The result of the mental and physical health. B．The volunteering work in the community. C．The rising of depression and anxiety. D．The experience of high school students. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage young people to take part in volunteering. B．To advise young people to live a healthier life. C．To explain why young people experience anxiety. D．To show how young people volunteer in community. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了通过学校或社区团体做志愿者对儿童和青少年的健康有好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段提到了一些数据，展示了研究的结果。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“doing volunteering through school or community groups will do good to the health of kids and teens.”可知做志愿者对儿童和青少年都有好处。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“For example, more than 40% of high school students are reported experiencing feelings of sadness or hopelessness in 2023. One possible way to deal with this may be doing volunteering in the community.”可知超过40%的高中生感到悲伤或绝望，解决这一问题的一种可能方法是在社区做志愿者，故此处this指代“抑郁和焦虑情绪的上升”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了通过学校或社区团体做志愿者对儿童和青少年的健康有好处，鼓励年轻人参加志愿者活动。故选A。 （23-24九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）Water plays an important role in keeping you healthy. This should come as no surprise. Much of your body is made up of water, after all. It keeps your body working properly. But did you know that too much water can poison (使……中毒) you? Water poisoning happens when people drink too much water. This makes sodium (钠) in their blood too little. You probably already know that too much sodium can be unhealthy. That’s true, but too little is also harmful. When you have too little sodium in your body, a lot of things will go seriously wrong in your body. Then you will feel really terrible. Your brain may begin to go wrong. You may get a headache, feel very tired and want to throw up. In these cases, water poisoning can be deadly. You will need to be sent to a hospital right away. Protecting yourself from water poisoning may seem easy—just don’t drink too much water, right? In some situations, however, this is easier said than done. For example, when you do some heavy exercise, such as running a marathon, you may have to drink a lot of water. It is then important to balance the number of water you drink with the number of water your body is losing. This can help you stay healthy whenever you are exercising. So, how much water should a person drink each day? For years, we have been told to drink two liters (升) of water a day. But in fact, the actual number needed is different for each person. Today, most doctors are telling people that they should drink water whenever they feel thirsty. We can’t live without water. Neither can we live with too much water in our bodies. Make sure you take the right number of it each day—staying healthy is all about staying balanced! 1．What is much of people’s body made up of according to the passage? A．Water. B．Blood. C．Hair. D．Brain. 2．How does water poisoning happen?  　   　 a. People feel really terrible. b. People drink too much water. c. A lot of things go seriously wrong. d. There is too little sodium in their blood. A．c-b-a-d B．b-c-a-e C．b-d-c-a D．b-a-d-c 3．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．Water poisoning won’t make people die. B．Different people need different number of water. C．Too little sodium will not be harmful to people’s health. D．It’s easy for people to protect from water poisoning. 4．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To tell us stay in good health. B．To tell us stay in a balance of water. C．To tell us drink as less water as possible. D．To tell us drink two liters of water a day. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了水对于人体健康的重要性，以及饮水过量可能导致的水中毒问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“Much of your body is made up of water, after all.” 可知，人们身体的大部分是由水组成的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Water poisoning happens when people drink too much water…”、“When you have too little sodium in your body…”、“a lot of things will go seriously wrong in your body…”及“But in fact, the actual number needed is different for each person…”可知，本文就水对人体健康方面的描述顺序为“人们喝太多水”、“体内血液中的钠含量太少了”、“身体会出现很严重的问题”及“人们感觉很糟糕”，正确的表述顺序为b-d-c-a。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“But in fact, the actual number needed is different for each person”可知，不同的人需要不同数量的水。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“So, how much water should a person drink each day? For years, we have been told to drink two liters of water a day. But in fact, the actual number needed is different for each person. Today, most doctors are telling people that they should drink water whenever they feel thirsty”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉我们保持水的平衡。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）①Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been making waves in the art world. AI image-making tools such as Midjourney and DALL-E 2 can now make amazing digital (数码的) paintings. How do they work? ②For DALL-E 2, the AI is fed huge collections of artworks. The program finds patterns (模式) in the pictures and, after a while, learns which features (特征) are important, such as people, animals, objects, styles, or colors. Then it can produce images that keep the key features and produce a good result. The app produces a lot of images at the same time but chooses the most accurate (准确的) ones for the user to choose from. ③These days, anyone can go online or download an app to produce their own AI art. Just give the program a few key words and choose a style, and it will create a digital painting in the style you want. This means that anyone can now create art, even if they don’t know how to paint. ④Not everyone is happy about the growth of AI-generated (生成的) art. To some, it isn’t art at all because AI depends on learning from only the information it is given. The AI isn’t creating on its own. However, others think that AI is the same as humans and it is no different from any other artist. ⑤Some people also say that AI art has no value because it is too easy. It isn’t created step-by-step by a human. Yet the same is true of photography. Just as artists of an earlier age welcomed photography, some artists today are using AI to create unique works of art. These artists find that they have to work together with the AI in exploring and experimenting—it isn’t simple at all! ⑥At the heart of this debate (辩论) is an important question: Will AI replace human artists, or will humans learn to use AI as a tool to create great art? Only time will tell. 1．People can use Midjourney and DALL-E 2 to __________. A．collect artworks B．create paintings C．produce image-making tool D．take digital pictures of famous paintings 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．A style. B．AI art. C．The program. D．A key word. 3．Why are some people against AI-generated art? A．Because it is created step-by-step by humans. B．Because it can help people create unique artworks. C．Because it’s too difficult to operate the technology. D．Because it depends on learning from information instead of creating on its own. 4．From this passage we can know the writer is _________ about the future of using AI to create art. A．sure B．uncertain C．worried D．excited 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要说明了在艺术领域，人们对人工智能的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Al image-making tools such as Midjourney and DALL-E 2 can now make amazing digital paintings.”可知，人们可以用人工智能绘画工具画画。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“ Just give the program a few key words and choose a style, and it will create a digital painting in the style you want.”(只需给程序几个关键词并选择一种风格，它就会以你想要的风格创建一幅数字绘画。)可知，此处的it指代的是program。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“To some, it isn’t art at all because AI depends on learning from only the information it is given. The AI isn’t creating on its own.”可知，对某些人来说，AI只依赖于从给定的信息中学习，不能创作。故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“Will AI replace human artists, or will humans learn to use AI as a tool to create great art? Only time will tell.”可知，人工智能将取代人类艺术家，还是人类将学会使用人工智能作为工具来创造伟大的艺术，这个问题的答案作者不确定。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Recently, people online have been selling verbal abuse (言语辱骂) “services”. An internet user pays the seller some money to abuse the victim (受害者) through social media. However, this is not right or legal (合法的). To know more about this, Teens talked to Xing Junxia, a lawyer (律师) at the S&P Law Firm in Beijing. In life, we may say bad words to people we don’t like. If it gets serious, it becomes verbal abuse. “The act of verbal abuse violates (侵犯) the victim’s rights,” Xing said. “These words usually hurt the victim’s right to reputation (名誉权), which can lead to civil liability (民事责任).” The attacker (攻击者) should stop this right away. He or she should also formally (正式地) say sorry to the victim. This is to cut down their influence of the abuse. Xing pointed out that both the attacker and the payer should bear civil liability because they do it together. In more serious situations, the attacker will face administrative penalties (行政处罚). A man in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, who ran an online verbal abuse “service” and had abused 25 people, was recently caught. Although he knew it was illegal, he believed it was an easy way to make money. In the end, he was fined 500 yuan and handed over all of the illegal money he had got. In the most serious situations, Xing said, verbal abuse can make the victim ill. The attacker should then face criminal liability (刑事责任). It means that he or she may spend time in prison (监狱), said Xing. 1．If you are abused verbally, you can legally ________. A．ask the attacker for some money B．ask the attacker to stop and say sorry C．post the attacker’s acts online D．beat the attacker 2．Who is at fault (有错) in the case of selling verbal abuse “service”? A．Only the attacker. B．Only the payer. C．Both the attacker and the payer. D．The attacker, the payer and the victim. 3．The example in Paragraph 4 mainly shows us ________. A．that the payer won’t face a penalty B．that the attacker is only fined in serious cases C．the reason for “selling” verbal abuse D．the result of running verbal abuse “service” 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Selling services online is illegal. B．Verbal abuse can hurt others physically. C．We should use laws to protect ourselves. D．Verbal abuse is law-breaking. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了言语辱骂是违法的。 1．细节理解题。根据“The attacker (攻击者) should stop this right away. He or she should also formally (正式地) say sorry to the victim.”可知，如果你受到言语辱骂，你可以合法地让攻击者停下来正式地说声抱歉。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Xing pointed out that both the attacker and the payer should bear civil liability because they do it together.”可知，攻击者和付款人都应该承担民事责任，因为他们是一起做的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In more serious situations, the attacker will face administrative penalties (行政处罚).”及细读这个例子可知，这个例子主要向我们展示了运行辱骂“服务”的结果。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了言语辱骂是违法的。故选D。 （23-24九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Here is this year’s report on the Top Ten Cities of Animal Island by Bestliving. com. ①Goosetown: Climbing up from last year’s second place, Goosetown comes in first for its lovely parks, cultural centers, and comfortable living space. ②Tigerville: Losing its top place to Goosetown, Tigerville is still a beautiful city, and as green as ever. ③Duckland: The only city staying in our top three for five years, Duckland is now cleaning itself up for next year’s Football World Cup. ④Oxtown: Not just a famous business city, Oxtown has turned itself into a garden city. ⑤Lionville: Famous for its culture and beautiful gardens, Lionville is the first city in the north to enter our top five. ⑥Sharkville: With winter sports as good as Oxtown’s, this exciting city is our second best pick in the east. ⑦Foxland: This city with white beaches could rise higher in the rankings (排名) if there were fewer traffic problems. ⑧Goatville: Dropping two places, Goatville should now think more about parks than shopping centers. ⑨Turtleland: New in our top ten, this old fishing town is full of surprise. ⑩Cowtown: Dropping from number seven, Cowtown must clean up the air. 1．What is Goosetown famous for? A．Comfortable living space. B．Winter sports. C．Shopping centers. D．White beaches. 2．Why did Cowtown drop three places? A．Because of the traffic problems. B．Because of its large population. C．Because of the air pollution. D．Because of its special location. 3．Which city might be No. 6 LAST year? A．Tigerville. B．Duckland. C．Goatville. D．Turtleland. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物岛上十大城市的排名情况，其中包括了各个城市的特点和发展情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Goosetown comes in first for its lovely parks, cultural centers, and comfortable living space.”可知它以其美丽的公园、文化中心和舒适的生活空间而闻名。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“⑩Cowtown: Dropping from number seven, Cowtown must clean up the air.”可知Cowtown排名下降了三名，它必须要净化空气，所以它排名下降是因为空气污染。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“⑧Goatville:Dropping two places”可知Goatville下降了2两名，今年是第8名，所以去年是第6名。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·浙江台州·期末）Can friendship be in competitions? Here are some opinions of the students who took part in the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Bilingual (双语) Student Reporters Competition. We can find the answer from traditional Chinese culture. Confucius said, “With a bow, he ascends a mound; coming down, he salutes with a cup. Even if in contention, he is a gentleman (揖让而升, 下而饮。其争也君子).” For example, Chinese swimmer Wang Shun bowed to his Hungarian opponent (对手).                                                                                                                                     Ma Xiyan, 13 Let me tell you a story at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. The number one player, Luz Long from Germany, helped the second-place player, Jesse Owens from the US, by showing him where to start his jump. Jesse listened to Luz and ended up winning the game with a new world record! This story showed us that sport was about respect, fairness and friendship.                                                                                                                                   Wang Jiani, 16 Although winning is very important, it is not everything. For example, my favorite player, Gu Ailing, supported her sad opponent after the last jump. They not only showed the spirit of the Olympic slogan “Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together” but also got friendship outside the match.                                                                                                                              Wang Chenyu, 13 Friendship and competition are like two sides of the same coin — they are both very important. Let me give you an example. Table tennis players called Liu Guoliang and Kong Linghui were good friends. They competed against each other in singles matches, but they also played together as partners in doubles (双打比赛).                                                                                                                                 Yun Beichen, 14 1．The passage is mainly about the balance (平衡) between ________. A．study and life B．sports and health C．culture and nature D．friendship and competition 2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Wang Jiani thinks winning is more important than competition. B．Ma Xiyan gets the answer to the question from what Confucius said. C．Yun Beichen believes that sport is about the respect, fairness, and friendship. D．Wang Chenyu disagrees friendship and competition can happen at the same time. 3．In which column of a newspaper may you find this passage? A．Our Earth. B．Your Voice. C．Health Garden. D．School Time. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个学生在2022年杭州亚运会第19届双语学生记者比赛中对友谊与竞争的看法。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Can friendship be in competitions?”可知，本篇文章主要是关于友谊与竞争之间的平衡。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“We can find the answer from traditional Chinese culture. Confucius said, ‘With a bow, he ascends a mound; coming down, he salutes with a cup. Even if in contention, he is a gentleman (揖让而升, 下而饮。其争也君子).’ ”可知，马希燕从孔子的“揖让而升，下而饮。其争也君子。”的话中得到了问题的答案。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Here are some opinions of the students who took part in the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Bilingual (双语) Student Reporters Competition.”和全文可知，本篇文章主要介绍了四个学生在2022年杭州亚运会第19届双语学生记者比赛中对友谊与竞争的看法，因此可推知我们可以在报纸的你的声音这个栏目发现本篇文章。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）There is always a discussion about whether you should get your kids to do chores around the house or not. However, it really has so many benefits (益处) to children that I find it hard to see why you wouldn’t get them to do a few regular chores. The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills. They need to understand how to clean, how to cook, how to shop etc... It is, however, one of the things that schools don’t necessarily teach fully, so it is one of the main parts of learning that is down to parents to provide for children before they leave home. Children like to feel proud about their achievements. Helping around the house can really help to give them a sense of pride, and giving them praise for helping will make them want to do more. They will feel happy to be able to help around the house, not just a bystander. Giving your children a specific job or a specific area in the house to look after will help them learn how to be responsible in later life. They will see the benefit of keeping things organized, clean and tidy—and also appreciate (感激) more what you do for them as they grow up. Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house. As children get older, you can start to teach them how to understand the needs of themselves and others and plan accordingly. For example, if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time. They may start to plan ahead. All these reasons to get kids to do chores and help around the house mean that they’ll grow up with a great set of skills that can be of benefit to them throughout their lives. Why not get started today? 1．In the writer’s opinion, learning to do chores can ______. A．never happen at school B．improve children’s life skills C．help children be famous D．make sure of children’s success 2．The underlined word “acquire” in Para. 5 probably means ______. A．accept B．use C．learn D．follow 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Around the House B．The Importance of Learning at Home C．Reasons to Get Children to Do Chores D．Advice on How to Do Chores Skillfully 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了让孩子参与家务的重要性和原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills.”可知家务能提高孩子的生活技能。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Planning is a life skill that children can acquire from helping around the house.”可知规划是孩子们可以通过帮忙做家务来获得的一种生活技能。因此意思是通过做家务“学习到”计划能力。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别讲述原因；第六段总结。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文讲述了让孩子参与家务的重要性和原因。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·浙江金华·期末）“Don’t tell it to anyone.” We hear these words before or after someone tells a secret to us. But it can be hard to keep a secret. We just can’t help “spiling the beans”, even if we regret it later. One expert explains why keeping a secret is a challenge. According to Dr Asim Shah, keeping a secret may become a burden. As soon as you tell somebody not to repeat your secret, they begin to have an obsessive urge (过分冲动) to share it with others. With secrets so often getting out, why do people share them in the first place? Shah explained one is that people often feel like it will help them keep close friendships with others. However, linking telling someone your secrets with how close you are to them is not always advisable. It’s important for people to understand that they can have close relationships without sharing their secrets unnecessarily. Another reason is that people feel guilty (内疚的) about not sharing a secret. For example, if your friends tell you a secret but you don’t share it with those close to you, you may feel ashamed. If you don’t share certain things with them, a sense of distrust can develop. Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either losing or winning the trust of someone. He added that people who are more talkative may let a secret slip out, but that doesn’t mean it’s a good idea to share secrets with quieter people. If somebody is quiet and keeps everything in, it may cause them to have more stress, and finally they will talk to somebody. “If you end up accidentally sharing a secret with somebody else, it’s best to be honest and let the person know that you shared his or her secret and that it isn’t so secret anymore,” Shah said. 1．What does the underlined phrase “spilling the beans” mean? A．Forgetting the secret. B．Telling the secret to others. C．Discovering the secret. D．Keeping the secret to ourselves. 2．The example in the fourth paragraph is to show that ________. A．it is of great importance to trust each other B．close friends should be honest with each other C．keeping a secret can make people feel sorry D．it’s not necessary to feel guilty about not sharing anything 3．Which is Dr Asim Shah’s opinion? A．Sharing a secret can lead to a close friendship. B．Talkative people are more likely to keep a secret. C．The person who keeps a secret may suffer from stress. D．it’s best to share a secret with quiet people as it's safe with them. 4．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．how to avoid letting out a secret B．why it is important to keep a secret C．why it is difficult to keep a secret D．how to find out a secret by ourselves 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了帮助别人保守秘密是一种挑战。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“But it can be hard to keep a secret. We just can’t help “spiling the beans”, even if we regret it later.”可知，保守秘密是一件很难的事情，我们会情不自禁的把它讲出来。故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据“Another reason is that people feel guilty (内疚的) about not sharing a secret.”可知，人们如果没有分享秘密就会感到内疚。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to Dr Asim Shah, keeping a secret may become a burden.”和第五段“If somebody is quiet and keeps everything in, it may cause them to have more stress, and finally they will talk to somebody.”可知，保守秘密可能会造成更多的压力。故选C。 4．文章大意题。根据第一段“But it can be hard to keep a secret.”和第二段“One expert explains why keeping a secret is a challenge.”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了为什么保守秘密很难。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）Honeybees are great dancers, but they don’t just do it for fun. Scientists have long known that honeybees wiggle their bodies. It is their way of sharing information. When a bee starts dancing, it steps forward. At the same time, it wiggles side to side. It keeps doing this while it moves around. They dance just like number eight and scientists call this the “waggle dance”. It helps other bees find food. The bee’s position tells them which way to fly. The more a bee wiggles, the farther away the food is. The longer it repeats these moves, the tastier the food is. Now a new study shows that honeybees don’t have these dance skills when they are born. Young bees learn them by watching the older bees. In March 2023, scientists from the University of California, San Diego, wrote these findings in a scientific magazine. The study finds that bees can learn by imitating (模仿) each other. This is called “social learning”. Many animals learn in this way, like monkeys and birds, but most of these animals have bigger brains. Bees have much smaller brains. To know how bees learn the waggle dance, scientists recorded videos of honeybees in a lab. They compared two groups of young bees which were 10 days old. In the first group, young bees could watch older ones dance. In the second group, young bees could not watch older dancers. They found that the ones in Group 1 were better dancers while the ones in Group 2 were not good at the waggle dance. 1．The underlined word “ wiggle” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．warm B．clean C．move D．create 2．The picture which best describes “ waggle dance”  is ________? A． B． C． D． 3．The writer mentions monkeys and birds in Paragraph 4 to show that _________. A．bees also learn by copying others B．they are much cleverer than bees C．they have bigger brains than bees D．bees share information with them 4．The scientists’ study shows that bees _________. A．work as a team B．live with flowers C．can dance at birth D．do well in learning 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章中介绍了科学家研究蜜蜂的“舞蹈”，并得出蜜蜂能够学习的结论。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Honeybees are great dancers, but they don’t just do it for fun. Scientists have long known that honeybees wiggle their bodies.”可知前文说了蜜蜂会“跳舞”，后文的划线词指的是“移动”。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“They dance just like number eight and scientists call this the ‘waggle dance’.”可知蜜蜂像数字“8”一样移动身体。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The study finds that bees can learn by imitating (模仿) each other. This is called “ social learning”. Many animals learn in this way, like monkeys and birds, but most of these animals have bigger brains.”可知作者在第4段中提到猴子和鸟类，以表明蜜蜂也通过模仿他人来学习。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In the first group, young bees could watch older ones dance.”以及“They found that the ones in Group 1 were better dancers while the ones in Group 2 were not good at the waggle dance.”可知科学家的研究表明，蜜蜂在学习方面做得很好。故选D。 （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）Food safety is important and it doesn’t end at our door. Eating food not kept correctly could make you fall sick. The fridge may be a perfect choice for keeping food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box to keep all kinds of food. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly in your fridge. The temperature in the fresh-keeping area can be different from shelf to shelf. As a general rule, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So make use of these different temperatures to get the best out of your food by storing it on the right shelf. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers, pizza or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are most suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as cheese, butter, yogurt and eggs. Bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge, making them perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. Some fridges have a freezer (冷冻室) for keeping these things, so of course make use of that if you have one. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. This is called the Temperature Danger Zone. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fridge needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer temperature should be below -18℃. Fruit and vegetables can also be stored at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge. Everyone should pay attention to food safety. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1．According to the article, which of the following food should be put on the bottom shelves? A． B． C． D． 2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ___________. A．keeping food in the fridge B．eating food in time C．storing food at room temperature D．washing food before storing 3．What is the purpose of this article? A．To explain how the food goes bad. B．To introduce the different parts of a fridge. C．To tell the importance of food safety at home. D．To give some advice on using the fridge. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。食品安全对我们很重要，文章主要介绍了一些在冰箱里储存食物的技巧。 1．细节理解题。根据“Bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge, making them perfect for storing raw meat and seafood.”可知，冰箱底部非常适合储存生肉和海鲜。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast.”可知，把食物放在冰箱里并不能杀死细菌，但可以阻止细菌的快速生长。it指代的是“把食物放进冰箱里”。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly in your fridge.”可知，文章告诉我们如何正确地在冰箱里储存食物。故选D。 （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Did you know that when you surf the web, some websites may put secret software (软件) on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. Then your information will be sold to other businesses. First, companies collect your information and record all your online habits. They find out where you live, what websites you visit and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are a man or woman, how old you are and what you are interested in. Then these companies will show products or other websites to you. Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media (社交媒体). When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don’t use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. This act of sharing could be a problem for your own safety. If someone knows too much about you, they can use your information to buy things online or post messages. However, it’s not all bad news. Rules are finally changing when it comes to technology. In Europe, for example, Internet users can now ask companies to show them what information they have about them and even make them delete (删除) it. If other countries do the same, the Internet could soon be a much safer place. 1．Why do companies collect people’s online information? A．To care about your life. B．To show their products. C．To improve your online habits D．To play a joke on you. 2．According to the passage, what is the possible danger of using social media? A．You may make some bad friends. B．You may have a bad sleep at night. C．Your information may be used by others. D．Your time may be wasted in posting pictures or videos. 3．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Things are selling better online! B．Someone’s always watching you online! C．Take care. Stay away from the Internet! D．Don’t worry. You are safe on the Internet! 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文介绍了人们在上网时，有一些秘密软件会收集用户的信息，并把收集到的这些个人信息卖给其他公司，同时还讲述了这样带来的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据“With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are a man or woman, how old you are and what you are interested in. Then these companies will show products or other websites to you.”可知，收集信息是为了向人们展示产品或其他网站，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media (社交媒体)...If someone knows too much about you, they can use your information to buy things online or post messages.”可知，另一种收集个人信息的方式是通过社交媒体，如果别人知道你的更多信息，您的信息可能被他人使用。故选C。 3．标题归纳题。本文介绍了人们在上网时，有一些秘密软件会收集用户的信息，并把收集到的这些个人信息卖给其他公司，同时还讲述了这样带来的危害。B项“有人在网上看着你”更能体现这一主旨，故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Manatees (海牛) are huge sea animals. They can be as long as 4 meters and weigh up to 590 kilograms when grown. Although they’re very large, manatees only eat sea grass and other plants that grow in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm water looking for food. Since 1967 Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals. Most threats (威胁) to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems the animals face is boats. Manatees are curious (好奇的) and quite slow. That has led to thousands of manatees being hurt or killed by boats. With protection, the number of manatees managed to rise again. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were about 8,800 manatees. But now manatees are facing a new challenge: They can’t get enough to eat. Because of pollution, sea grass that manatees depend on began to disappear around 2011. Last year, 1,101 manatees died. That was a record. Most starved to death because they had no grass to eat. Many of the manatees that remain are quite thin. So last December, government wildlife experts came up with a plan to provide emergency food for the manatees. They decided to feed them on green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. The feeding place, a warm and clean water area, is popular with the manatees. This plan is very successful. Around 350 manatees come here every day to get food. Sometimes, as many as 800 manatees can be here. Even so, scientists worry that many more manatees could starve this winter. So Florida is now working to help sea grass beds grow. But that will take time. 1．What can we learn about manatees? A．Most manatees died from human activities. B．Manatees don’t like boats and always hit them. C．Manatees have been well protected since 1967. D．Manatees are called “sea cows” because of their look. 2．What does the underlined word “starved” mean in Chinese? A．挨饿 B．生病 C．遇难 D．害怕 3．The writer seems to worry that ________. A．there are not enough vegetables B．sea grass will not grow back quickly C．pollution will bring more problems D．manatees are becoming fewer and fewer 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了海牛的生活习惯和面临的威胁。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Most threats (威胁) to manatees come from humans.”可知大多数海牛死于人类活动。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Most starved to death because they had no grass to eat”可知很多海牛因为没有海草吃而死亡，因此划线单词的意思是“饥饿”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So Florida is now working to help sea grass beds grow. But that will take time”可知作者担心海草不会很快长出来。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江温州·期末） In a noisy restaurant, you can still hear your friend’s voice clearly. You talk happily without paying attention to others’ conversations. That’s because selective (选择性的) attention is helping you. Selective attention is an amazing ability in our brain. It allows people to choose and focus on (专注于) something in the environment. At the same time, it can filter out (过滤) unnecessary information, so people can focus on one conversation in a crowded place. But how does selective attention work? Researchers from Columbia University did an experiment to study it. The result shows that the brain is selective about the sounds it hears. When a person listens to someone talking, their brain waves (波) change to pick out the features of the speaker’s voice and filter out other voices. To further understand how selective attention works, the researchers studied two parts of the brain’s listening centre: Heschl’s gyrus (HG) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Information from the ears reaches HG first, passes through it and arrives at STG later. In the study, they found the following facts: in HG area, every voice is treated the same way. That is to say, HG doesn’t prefer one voice or another. But in STG area, it’s possible to choose one speaker’s voice and make it louder. The whole process (过程) only takes 150 milliseconds and it happens immediately to a listener. As a result, people can focus on one voice when there are many other conversations around. “Today’s study is quite important. We want to better understand how the brain helps us to hear so well, as well as create technologies that help people,” said Dr. Mesgarani, the leader of the researchers. With the help of the finding, speech recognition technologies have been improved. The researchers have already developed a new kind of hearing aid that can help collect information more correctly. It could make one speaker’s voice louder over another. They also plan to study more about HG and STG activity in situations that have more speakers. 1．What can selective attention help people do according to the passage? A．Choose where to talk. B．Hear more in a conversation C．Forget unnecessary information. D．Focus on one voice in a noisy place. 2．Which picture shows the process in the listening centre? A． B． C． D． 3．What will the researchers most probably study in the future? A．How to improve listening B．How the listening centre works. C．How to make a better hearing aid. D．How HG and STG protect each other. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Great Ability in Brain B．A New Study on Technologies C．A Key to Reducing Noise D．A Way to Make Conversation 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述的是选择性注意力，以及一些专家对它进行的研究。 1．细节理解题。根据“It allows people to choose and focus on (专注于) something in the environment. At the same time, it can filter out (过滤) unnecessary information, so people can focus on one conversation in a crowded place.”可知，选择性注意帮助人们在嘈杂的地方聚焦在一个声音上。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Information from the ears reaches HG first, passes through it and arrives at STG later. In the study, they found the following facts: in HG area, every voice is treated the same way. That is to say, HG doesn’t prefer one voice or another; But in STG area, it’s possible to choose one speaker’s voice and make it louder.”来自耳朵的信息首先到达HG，经过它最后到达STG。在研究中，他们发现了以下事实：在HG区域，每个声音都受到相同的对待。也就是说，HG并不偏爱一种声音，或偏爱另一种声音。但在STG区域，可以选择一个发言者的声音并将其调大。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“They also plan to study more about HG and STG activity in situations that have more speakers.”他们还计划在有更多发言者的情况下更多地研究HG和STG活动。由于HG和STG是听力中心，所以是未来研究听力中心。故选B。 4．最佳标题。根据本文主要讲述的是选择性注意力，以及一些专家对它进行的研究。选择性注意力是大脑的很棒的能力，所以是“大脑中很棒的能力”最恰当。故选A。 （23-24九年级上·浙江温州·期末） When you meet a strange Chinese character (汉字) what will you do? Surely, the most reliable way is to look it up in Xinhua Dictionary. Since its birth in 1953, Xinhua Dictionary has been a must-have book in schools across China. More than 567 million copies had been sold by 2016. So it was even recognized by the Guinness World Records as the “most popular dictionary” that year. Small as the dictionary is, it means a lot to China. The dictionary was given the name Xinhua by the chief editor Wei Jiangong, and it carried the hope of a country reborn. In 1949, around 80% of China’s population wasn’t able to get education (教育). It was Xinhua Dictionary that had reduced the number to 52% by 1964. To make it easier for illiterate people to understand, the earliest copies had many pictures. Thanks to Xinhua Dictionary, many Chinese got new chances in their life. Mo Yan, the 69-year-old Nobel Laureate, once mentioned the dictionary in his speech. He said that he was lucky to have a copy of the dictionary after dropping out from school. He learned most of Chinese characters from it, and that helped him write novels and enter a college later. This important dictionary has also recorded the development of the language and society. It is revised (修订) every five to ten years. Recent copies have included many new explanations. The character “晒” (to dry something in the sun), for example, now has a second meaning: to share. In a way, the dictionary hasn’t just explained characters; it has reflected (反映) the way Chinese people think. 1．When did Xinhua Dictionary first come out? A．In 1949. B．In 1953. C．In 1964. D．In 2016. 2．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate people” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who are bad at maths. B．People who can’t draw or sing. C．People who are too old to see. D．People who can’t read or write. 3．Why does the writer use the example of Mo Yan in Paragraph 4? A．To share a speech about the dictionary. B．To offer advice on using the dictionary. C．To show the influence of the dictionary. D．To explain the development of the dictionary. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．Nature. B．People. C．Culture. D．Business. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了新华字典自问世以来一直是中国各地学校的必备书籍，它让不会读写的人识字，它还记录了中国语言和社会的发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“Since its birth in 1953, Xinhua Dictionary has been a must-have book in schools across China.”可知，自1953年诞生以来，新华字典一直是中国各地学校的必备书籍。可见新华字典首次问世是在1953年。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“In 1949, around 80% of China’s population wasn’t able to get education (教育). It was Xinhua Dictionary that had reduced the number to 52% by 1964.”可知，1949年，中国约80%的人口无法接受教育，到1964年《新华字典》将这一数字减少到52%。“To make it easier for illiterate people to understand, the earliest copies had many pictures.”意为，为了让……更容易理解，最早的复制品有很多图片。所以illiterate people意为“不会读写的人”，也就是“文盲”。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“He said that he was lucky to have a copy of the dictionary after dropping out from school. He learned most of Chinese characters from it, and that helped him write novels and enter a college later.”可知，他说他很幸运辍学后有一本字典。他从中学习了大部分汉字，并帮助他写小说，后来考上了大学。可见新华字典有助于莫言认字。由此可知，第四段以莫言为例是为了显示字典的影响力。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了新华字典自问世以来一直是中国各地学校的必备书籍，它让不会读写的人识字，它还记录了中国语言和社会的发展。这和“文化”有关，所以这篇文章可能来自于一本杂志的文化部分。故选C。 （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）New Glasses Can Transcribe (转录) Speech in Real Time When Paul Shuttleworth bought himself a very expensive pair of eyeglasses for Christmas last year, it was a strange gift. The glasses didn’t improve his eyesight, weren’t particularly stylish and uncomfortably pressed down on his nose. But the glasses are an important tool for him which have helped him talk and join in conversations in ways that he had never been able to before. These fantastic glasses automatically (自动地) transcribe the words someone is saying and show the text on his glasses. Real-time captioning (为……配字幕) is not a totally new technology. People who are deaf or hard of hearing usually use apps such as Otter to transcribe a conversation as they’re having it. But having to ping-pong between the person they’re talking with and their phone can be uncomfortable and tiring. However, having captions in front of your eyes can change the situation. Improvements in speech recognition software (语音识别软件) have really enabled these technological developments, says Dan Scarfe, CEO of XRAI Glass, a company that makes a speech-processing app that can be used with live-captioning glasses. “I believe in about six months we’ll have a new killer piece of hardware that you can surely use for this. Then it’s just a question of finding people who want to use it,” Dan says. While live-captioning glasses could be an unbelievably powerful tool for millions of people, they are not a complete solution. For many people with hearing loss, understanding a friend in a crowded restaurant is a bad dream. Similarly, live-captioning software struggles to transcribe correct conversation in these spaces. Background noise remains a big problem that these glasses do not yet fully solve. Many people who are deaf or hard of hearing are excited by this technology, but some see it as a danger to requests for sign language interpreters (手语翻译). Captions do not show a speaker’s identity, feelings or voice changes; interpreters can give all background information. 1．Paul Shuttleworth bought a pair of expensive glasses to ______. A．prove he was very rich B．make himself look handsome C．improve his eyesight D．help himself in communication 2．According to the passage, Dan Scarfe ______. A．takes pride in their company’s new product B．has got well trained in making speech recognition apps C．thinks it possible for everyone to afford their products D．knows well how to help those with hearing problems 3．The 5th paragraph mainly tells us about ______. A．where living-captioning glasses can be used B．who would love to buy living-captioning glasses C．what challenge living-captioning glasses face D．how living-captioning glasses can work better 4．We can infer from the passage that ______. A．live-captioning glasses are important tools for everyone B．technologies cannot completely take the place of humans C．interpreters can change the speaker’s feelings D．the new glasses may be dangerous to users 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一款能实时转录语音的新型眼镜，介绍了它的作用及存在的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“But the glasses are an important tool for him which have helped him talk and join in conversations in ways that he had never been able to before.”可知，这款眼镜可以帮助他更好地参与对话。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“‘I believe in about six months we’ll have a new killer piece of hardware that you can surely use for this. Then it’s just a question of finding people who want to use it,’ Dan says.”可推知，Dan Scarfe对他们公司的新产品感到自豪。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“While live-captioning glasses could be an unbelievably powerful tool for millions of people, they are not a complete solution.”及“Background noise remains a big problem that these glasses do not yet fully solve.”可知，本段主要讲了活字幕眼镜仍然面临着挑战。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Captions do not show a speaker’s identity, feelings or voice changes; interpreters can give all background information.”可推知，科技并不能完全取代人类。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江金华·期末）① Have you and your friends ever argued (争论) about what color this dress is? Just wait a minute before you start calling each other “colorblind”. According to the USA Today, “no one is wrong, no one is right”, because there is real science behind why we see it differently, and having eyesight problems is not part of it. ② To make it clear, for example, the dress itself is black and blue. However, in a survey taken by a social media website, tens of thousands of people think the dress is “white and gold”. Isn’t that strange? ③ Over millions of years, human beings have developed a certain way to tell the true color about something even if the lighting conditions keep changing. Just imagine looking at your white shirt during a golden sunset or under a purple light. Its color actually changes but you just know that it’s white, don’t you? ④ This is because your brain understands how the light is influencing the color of your shirt, and so you can tell it is white. Scientists call this “color constancy (恒定)”. ⑤ And here is where the disagreements began. When they see the image, someone thinks that the lighting in the room is very poor, so the dress must have very bright colors, like white and gold. Some, however, think the opposite: The lighting is very strong, so the dress must be in darker colors to look the way it does in the picture. ⑥ So, there is no need to question your eyesight if you see the dress as white and gold, and those who see it as blue and black should not be overjoyed either. This is nothing more than an optical illusion (视错觉). And no one gets serious about those, do they? 1．What can we learn from the 1st paragraph? A．Different climates can make the dress have different colors. B．It is not surprising for people to have eyesight problems. C．We should never argue about what color something really is. D．“Colorblind” won’t be easily called if we know the real science behind. 2．How does the writer make color constancy clear according to Paragraph 3-4? A．By describing and listing numbers. B．By explaining and listing examples. C．By questioning and doing experiments. D．By comparing and sorting management. 3．What does the writer want to tell us from the passage? A．How to study different colors. B．Why human brains can tell true colors. C．How to deal with color disagreements. D．Why lighting causes eyesight problems. 4．Which of the sentences below has the similar meaning as the last underlined sentence? A．No one knows more knowledge about the colors. B．People needn’t be serious about their eyesight problems. C．No one wants to argue with a friend about the color a lot. D．People don’t need to be too serious about the optical illusion. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍人们对于衣服颜色认识不一样时，不要怀疑自己的眼睛，这是因为当出现某种特定情况，比如光线的变化可能会出现视觉错觉。 1．细节理解题。根据“because there is real science behind why we see it differently, and having eyesight problems is not part of it”可知，因为我们看待事物的不同方式背后有真正的科学依据，而视力问题与此无关，所以如果我们知道背后真正的科学原理，就不会轻易称之为“色盲”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三、四两段内容，尤其是“Just imagine looking at your white shirt during a golden sunset or under a purple light. Its color actually changes but you just know that it’s white, don’t you?”和“This is because your brain understands how the light is influencing the color of your shirt, and so you can tell it is white. Scientists call this ‘color constancy (恒定)’.”可知，作者通过解释和举例来说清色彩恒常性，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“So, there is no need to question your eyesight if you see the dress as white and gold, and those who see it as blue and black should not be overjoyed either. This is nothing more than an optical illusion (视错觉). And no one gets serious about those, do they?”可知，作者告诉我们无论看到的是“白金”或是“蓝黑”，都不必在意，这只不过是一种视错觉。所以作者告诉了我们如何处理颜色不一致，故选C。 4．词句猜测题。“And no one gets serious about those, do they?”表示“没人把这些当回事，对吧？”，也就是人们不需要对视错觉太过认真，故选D。 （23-24九年级上·浙江湖州·期末）①Confucius, who was born more than two thousand years ago, is one of the most important Chinese philosophers (哲学家). After all these years, his influence is still strong in modern times. ②Unlike the abstract (抽象的) philosophy of Laozi, Confucian ideas about right and wrong are easy to understand and connected to daily life. “It’s all about the everyday. It’s all about family,” Roger Ames, a Confucius expert at Peking University, told China Daily. ③For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to “be filial (孝顺的) to parents and respectful to brothers”. Confucius believed that if everyone knows how to love their families, they will know how to love others, love their country and love the world. ④“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you” is the favorite Confucius idea of Guo Jiulin, a professor at Dalian Minzu University. “It reminds me that if a person wants to achieve his social dreams, he must first be strict with himself in words and behaviors,” he told China Daily. ⑤Another important Confucian idea is he, or harmony (和谐). Sun Yiting, a student from Zhejiang University, values it. “It reminds me to calm down when I get angry,” she told TEENS. “It reminds me to put oneself in others’ shoes. This way of thinking makes my life much happier.” ⑥Confucian ideas can even be connected to today’s global problems, according to Ames. ⑦“Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs. If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom (智慧). This is really needed in the world today,” said Ames. ⑧“Global warming, food and water shortages, environmental problems, international terrorism (恐怖主义). We can solve these problems only if we work together.” 1．From the passage, we know that ________. A．Confucius asked people to be strict with others B．Confucian’s influence was only strong in ancient times C．Confucius encouraged people to love parents and respect brothers D．Confucian’s ideas about right and wrong are difficult to understand 2．According to Ames, which of Confucian’s ideas can be used to solve today’s global problems? A．He, or harmony B．Be filial to parents and respectful to brothers C．Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you D．The only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs. 3．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A．put on others’ shoes B．ask for others’ advice C．think about things from others’ side D．work out the problems with others’ help 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Right and Wrong in Life B．Old Wisdom in A New Age C．Great Chinese Philosophers D．Dealing with World’s Problems 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孔子的一些思想。 1．推理判断题。根据“For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to ‘be filial (孝顺的) to parents and respectful to brothers’. Confucius believed that if everyone knows how to love their families, they will know how to love others, love their country and love the world.”可知，例如，许多中国人在很小的时候就学会“孝顺父母，尊重兄弟”。孔子认为，如果每个人都知道如何爱自己的家庭，他们就会知道如何爱别人，爱自己的国家和爱世界。由此推知，孔子鼓励人们孝顺父母，尊重兄弟。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs. If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom (智慧). This is really needed in the world today”可知，孔子认为，我能坚持自己立场的唯一方法就是帮助别人坚持自己的立场。如果我的邻居做得更好，我也做得更好。这就是儒家的智慧。这是当今世界真正需要的。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“It reminds me to put oneself in others’ shoes.”可知，它提醒我要设身处地地为别人着想，也就是从别人的角度考虑问题。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了孔子的一些思想。选项B“新时代的旧智慧”符合主题，故选B。 （23-24九年级上·浙江嘉兴·期末）How many times have you found yourself distracted (走神的) in conversations with friends, family members or loved ones? This happens to everyone from time to time. However, it’s important for us to think about how often this happens in our lives. Research has shown that most of us only remember 25% to 50% of what we hear. So why aren’t we good listeners? For one thing, we may care more about ourselves than about others. A study found there is a rise in the number of self-centered people among college students. So how can we work to become more caring listeners? First, we can begin by changing our attitude (态度) towards conversations. As Stephen R. Covey said, “Most people do not listen with intent (意图) to understand; they listen with intent to reply.” A dialogue is a chance to learn, to see things differently, and to open your eyes to new information. However, many people just want to express their own ideas without listening. Listening is one of the most important skills. Listening not only increases our knowledge, but also helps us understand people around us. An exchange in communication is helpful for a close relationship. If the talk becomes one-sided, we may be less connected with others. So when having conversations with others, we should listen patiently or politely until they are finished. Then we can say something meaningful. Thankfully, we can all improve our listening skills. We can start by being open to the fact that maybe we aren’t as good listeners as we believe. When we start to question ourselves, we will be able to become better listeners, thinkers, lovers and friends. 1．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．adults are not distracted when talking to others B．more college students care more about themselves C．most people can remember more than half of what they hear D．it doesn’t matter how often we get distracted in conversations 2．If John wants to become a better listener, what should he do? A．Pay more attention to himself. B．Hurry to express his thoughts to others. C．Cut in on his friends’ conversation. D．Try to understand what others are saying. 3．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Different ways of expressing our ideas. B．The influence of one-sided conversations. C．The importance of becoming better listeners. D．Reasons for developing close relationships. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文讲述了人们在与别人交谈时时常分心，原因是我们可能更关注自己而不是其他人。 1．细节理解题。根据“A study found there is a rise in the number of self-centered people among college students. ”可知越来越多的大学生更关心他们自己。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“As Stephen R. Covey said, ‘Most people do not listen with intent (意图) to understand; they listen with intent to reply.’ A dialogue is a chance to learn, to see things differently, and to open your eyes to new information. However, many people just want to express their own ideas without listening.”可知要成为一个好的倾听者，应当试着去理解别人在说什么。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“How many times have you found yourself distracted (走神的) in conversations with friends, family members...it’s important for us to think about how often this happens in our lives.”可知本文说的是成为更好的倾听者的重要性。故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$