内容正文:
专题03 期末必考重点语法归纳及专练(Units 2~ 6)
Unit 2:there be 句型的用法
Unit 3:名词的所有格
Unit 4:频度副词,一般现在时
Unit 5:现在进行时
Unit 6:一般将来时be going to/will
Unit 2 More than fun
There be句型
㈠、定义
某地有某人/某物。表示“有......”
㈡、结构
There be + 名词 +地点.
Be指 is和are,单数和不可数用is;复数用are
㈢、就近原则(谁离be动词近,就看谁)
There is a teacher and two students in the classroom.
There aretwo students and a teacher in the classroom.
㈣、there be 和 have 的区别
There be:某地有某物或某人,表示存在
Eg: There is a bridge over the river.
Have:某人有某物,主语是人, 有时也可以是物。当主语是单三时用has
Eg: I have a book. He has a book.
表示“构成”关系时,have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思,可以进行同义句转换。
A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
㈤、there be句型转换
1.肯定句单数句变复数句
1 is 变成 are
2 a 变成some
3 名词单数变名词复数
2、肯定句变否定句
1 Be后加not is isn't are aren't
2 some变any
3、肯定句变一般疑问句
1 be动词提前
2 some变any
当堂训练
( )1.(2022广西贵港中考)—There______a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great We can't wait!
A. is B was C. will be D. will have
( )2. (2022湖北恩施中考) There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
( )3.(2022贵州黔东南中考)In our school library, there__________ a number of books on art. The number of the books__________ still growing larger and larger.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are
( )4. (2022湖南邵阳中考)—A pandemic(疫情) broke out in Shaoyang last month.
—Yeah.______were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us.
A. They B. There C. Those
( )5. (2021广西河池) There _____ a concert in our school hall next week.
A. is B. was C. will be D. will have
( )6. (2023广西柳州)34. There _____ a TV set in the room.
A. be B. is C. are
( )7. (2023四川乐山) 34. —There _____ a basketball game against Class Two this Sunday.
—I see. I will come and cheer you on.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have
( )8. (2023新疆) There _____ an English show this weekend. Shall we go and watch it?
A. are going to be B. was C. will be D. were
( )9. (2023四川广元改编)There _____ fifty students in this class, three fifths of them are boys,so the number of the boys is 30.
A. is B. are C.were D. was
( )10. (2024·贵州毕节改编) There _____ a restaurant on North Street. It is the most famous one here.
A. was B.is going to be C.is D. are
( )11.There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
A.is B.have C.are D.has
( )12.—Sam, is there a music hall in your school?
—________. It’s on the right of the science building.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t
C.Yes, it is D.No, it isn’t
( )13.There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk now.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
( )14.There ________ an art festival in our school.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
( )15.—There ________ a new library in our city.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.was D.will be
二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.There_______ (be) some glass on the floor. Be careful!
2.There_______ (be) some apples and a pear in the fridge.
3.Look! There _______ (be) a little girl in the room.
4.There_______ (be) some meat in the soup.
5.There_______ (be) rice, meat and vegetables in the fridge.
6.—What’s on the desk?
—There_______ (be) a pen, a ruler and some books on it.
7.There_______ (be) a nice concert in the hall.
8._______ (be) there any toy shops in the supermarket?
9.There_______ (be) three pieces of bread on the plate.
10.There_______ (be) a guitar and some books on the table.
Unit 3 Family ties
名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,其后可直接接名词,意为“某人/物的···”
英语中名词后加上-’s便构成所有格,表明一种所有关系,这种所有格形式叫"-’s所有格"。
-’s所有格的构成如下:
构成
示例
一般情况下在名词词尾加-’s
Bob’s sister鲍勃的姐姐
my father’s room 我父亲的房间
名词是以-s或-es结尾的复数词尾,直接在其后加-’
the boys’ books男孩子们的书
不以-s结尾的复数名词直接在其后加-’s
Children’s Day儿童节
共同拥有时,在最后一个名词后加-’s
Mike and Alan’s room迈克和艾伦两人的房间
各自所有时,在每个名词后加-’s
Mary’s and Cindy’s mothers 玛丽的妈妈和辛迪的妈妈
1.名词所有格也可以用 the +名词+of+所有者来表示,多用于表示无生命事物的名词的所属关系。
如:the name of the cat, the roof of the house
2.名词所有格所修饰的名词,如果表示店铺,教堂,医院或某人家时,该名词可省略,如: my aunt’s (我阿姨家) , the doctor’s (诊所), at the barber’s/tailor’s/butcher’s(在理发店/裁缝店/肉铺)等
3)双重所有格:即of +名词所有格/名词性物主代词
如: a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
当堂训练
( )1.June 1st is ________ Day.
A.Child B.Children C.Children’s D.Childrens’
( )2.That’s _________ bedroom. They share the same bedroom.
A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy and Lily C.Lucy’s and Lily D.Lucy and Lily’s
( )3.I share my living room with a friend of _________.
A.me B.mine C.my D.myself
( )4.Mrs. Robinson is a teacher of _______. We all like her so much.
A.us B.our C.we D.ours
( )5.My Country, My Parents《我和我的父辈》is the name ________ a movie (电影).
A.in B.on C.of
( )6.That new car is ________. It’s their________ car.
A.my father and my mother’s; the first
B.my father and my mother’s; first
C.my father’s and my mother’s; the first
D.my father’s and my mother’s; first
( )7.—________ is this computer?
—I have no idea. It seems to be ________.
A.Who; Mike sister B.Who’s; Mike’s sister
C.Which; Mike sister’s D.Whose; Mike’s sister’s
( )8.Our Chinese teacher not only teaches ________ Chinese and also a friend of ________.
A.our; us B.our; ours C.us; us D.us; ours
( )9.—David, your English teacher leaves the book in the classroom.
—It isn’t _______. I think it’s _______.
A.he’s; Neil’s B.him; Neil C.his; Neil’s D.his; Neil
( )10.—How ________ is it from here to Beijing?
—It’s about ten ________ train ride.
A.long, hour’s B.far, hour’s C.long, hours’ D.far, hours’
( )11.—Do you know __________ boy standing at the gate of the school?
—Of course. He is a classmate of __________.
A.a; me B.the; me C.a; mine D.the; mine
( )12.—Dad, is this ________ volleyball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he D.Bill’s; he
( )13.Is he a friend of ________?
A.my B.him C.hers D.you
( )14.It’s ________ room. It’s big and nice.
A.Alice’s and Gina’s B.Alice’s and Gina
C.Alice and Gina’s D.Alice and Gina
( )15.________ grandfathers are walking slowly along the avenue.
A.Tom and Tim’s B.Tom’s and Tim’s C.Tom’s and Tim D.Tom and Tim
( )16.These two women are ________ mothers.
A.Mike and Jane’s B.Mike’s and Jane C.Mike’s and Jane’s
( )17.________ mothers are in the school library now.
A.Lily’s and Lucy’s B.Lily and Lucy C.Lily and Lucy’s
( )18.—Is this your room?
—No, it isn’t. It’s my ________ room. My mother and father live in it.
A.parents’ B.parent’s C.parent D.parent’
( )19.—Is this ________ English dictionary?
—No, ________ is on the desk.
A.Grace; her B.Grace; hers C.Grace’s; her D.Grace’s; hers
( )20.—Is Mrs Green ______ mother?
—Yes, and she is also our English teacher.
A.Jan and Jill B.Jan’s and Jill C.Jan and Jill’s D.Jan’s and Jill’s
( )21._______ Day is on March 8th and _______ Day is on September 10th.
A.Women’s; Teacher’s B.Women’s; Teachers’
C.Woman’s; Teacher’s D.Woman’s; Teachers’
( )22.______ mothers can’t go to school today. They’re very busy.
A.Tom and Mike B.Tom’s and Mike
C.Tom and Mike’s D.Tom’s and Mike’s
( )23.—Where is my hat, mom?
—I think it’s in your ______ room. Your grandpa and grandma like it very much.
A.grandparent B.grandparents C.grandparent’s D.grandparents’
( )24.Do you know all the _______ names in your class?
A.student B.students C.student’s D.students’
( )25.—Is this ________ iphone 14? It’s so cool!
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________.
A.Tina’s; his B.Tina’s; him C.Tina; his D.Tina; him
Unit 4 Time to celebrate
频度副词
1.副词的概念
是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词,用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
副词可分为:时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序的副词以及表完成的副词。
频度副词
always
总是,一直
100%
usually
通常
80%左右
often
经常
50%
sometimes
有时
20%
seldom
很少
5%
never
从不,绝不
0%
注意:这些频度副词所代表的大致频率顺序:always > usually > often > sometimes > never。
2. 频度副词在句子中的位置
频度副词通常位于系动词、助动词、情态动词之后,或者行为动词之前。
1)在系动词之后
例句:He is often late for school. 他经常上学迟到。
2)在助动词之后
例句:I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. 我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
3)在情态动词之后
例句:You must always respect others. 你必须总是尊重他人。
4)在行为动词之前
例句:We often visit our grandparents. 我们经常去看望爷爷奶奶。
注意:
1)“sometimes”可以放在句首、句中或句末,而“often”也可以放在句末。
例句:
Sometimes I go for a run in the morning. 我有时候早上会去跑步。
I go to bed late often. 我经常晚睡。
2)如果句子中有两个助动词,频度副词通常放在第一个助动词后面。
例句:“We have never been allowed to stay up late. 我们从未被允许晚睡。
3)用How often对频率副词进行提问. 即:做某事的频率
I sometimes visit my grandparents.
How often do you visit your grandparents?
一般现在时
一、一般现在时的概念
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作。
二、一般现在时的用法
1、表示经常或者反复发生的动作.如:我每天做作业. I do my homework every day.
2、表示现在的状态、客观事实、真理或自然现象。如:我的姑姑是一位老师.My aunt is a teacher.
3、表示真理或自然现象。如:地球绕着太阳转:The earth moves around the sun.
三、时间标志词:
1) always, usually, often , sometimes , seldom , never, hardly ever
2) once a day , twice a week , three times a year
3) every morning, every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning
4) on Sundays, at weekends
四、一般现在时的结构
1. 谓语是be(am/is/are)的一般现在时。
①肯定形式:主语+be+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。
I am hungry.
②否定形式:主语+be+not+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。
I am not hungry.
③一般疑问句形式:Be+主语+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.
否定回答:No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t.
—Are you hungry?
—Yes,I am./ No, I'm not.
④特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句?
—What is he?
—He is a doctor.
注意:be要随着主语变。
2. 谓语动词是实义动词的一般现在时。
什么是实义动词?实义动词是有实际意义的动词,也被称为行为动词,用于表示行为、动作。实义动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词可以直接加宾语,而不及物动词不能。
1 肯定形式:主语+实义动词原形/三单(+其他)
They like eating apples.
She likes eating apples.
动词第三人称单数形式的构成和读音
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”,在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。如:
①stop-stops[s]; make -makes[s]
②read-reads[z]; play -plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz]如:
Fly -flies[z]; carry-carries [z] study-studies[z]; worry-worries[z]
3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz]如:
Teach –teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z]如:go - goes[z] do-does[z]
不规则变化 have-has
2 否定形式:主语+don’t/doesn’t+实义动词原形+…
She doesn’t like eating apples. They don’t like eating apples.
3 一般疑问句形式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形(+其他)
肯定回答:Yes,主语+do/does.
否定回答是:No, 主语+ don't/doesn't.
Do they like eating apples?
Does she like eating apples?
4 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句?
特殊疑问句构成:疑问词+ 一般疑问句?
What do they like eating?
What does she like eating?
注意:根据主语确定用do还是does。
助动词do/does
助动词通常辅助主要动词表现时态、语态以及变成否定、疑问句结构等,它不能离开主要动词单独使用。
除了主语是第三人称单数时用does,其余人称都用do。
3. 谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。
①肯定形式:主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+......。
I can finish my homework.
②否定形式:主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+......。
I can't finish my homework.
③一般疑问句形式:情态动词Can/May.....+主语+动词原形+主语+.......。
肯定回答是:Yes,主语+情态动词.
否定回答是:No, 主语+ 情态动词+not.
—Can you finish your homework?
—Yes,I can./No, I can't.
④特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句?
—What can you do?
—I can do my homework.
注意:情态动词can/may.....+动词原形
当堂训练
( )1.Jack is full of energy because he ________ eats fast food and always exercises.
A.always B.usually
C.seldom D.often
( )2.—Do you know the story of Dong Lina?
—Yes, she can’t see the world, but she ________ stops feeling the world.
A.never B.sometimes C.always D.seldom
( )3.—Jack looks strong.
—Yes. He is a superman! He ________ goes to the doctor.
A.usually B.always C.seldom D.sometimes
( )4.—________ your mother busy at the weekend?
—Yes. She ________ has lots of work to do.
A.Does; seldom B.Is; always C.Is; seldom D.Is; never
( )5.—You look strong and healthy. ________ do you do sports?
—I ________ play football after school every day.
A.How much; often B.How long; never
C.How often; usually D.How soon; sometimes
( )6.Sandy is so careful that she ________ makes mistakes in her homework.
A.always B.seldom C.usually D.often
( )7.Kate goes to school early every morning and she is ________ late for lessons.
A.always B.often C.sometimes D.never
( )8.—Do you often go to the sports club, Grace?
—No, ________. I don’t like sports at all.
A.always B.usually C.never
( )9.Sally does well in her study, but ________ she is not very careful.
A.sometimes B.always C.usually
( )10.I ________ go roller skating on weekdays because I don’t have much time.
A.seldom B.sometimes C.often D.usually
( )11.Jim ________ a book. It’s in the bag.
A.have B.has C.like D.haves
( )12.—Who ________ sports in your family?
—My father and I do.
A.like B.likes C.are like D.is like
( )13.—Who is that lady?
—She is Miss Li. She ________ us English, and she always makes her class interesting.
A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.will teach
( )14.Tom, ________ his classmates, ________ playing football after school.
A.like; like B.likes; likes C.likes; like D.like; likes
( )15.Bobby is cool. He is good at _________ and he also _________ well.
A.singing; dances B.singing; dancing C.sings; dancing D.sings; dance
( )16.—________ your parents eat meat every day?
—Yes. But my sister only ________ vegetables.
A.Do; eat B.Do; eats C.Does; eat D.Does; eats
( )17.—________ your father often ________ the housework at home?
—Yes. He helps my mother with it every day.
A.Does; does B.Is; doing C.Does; do D.Is; do
( )18.— Daniel, do you know the man over there?
— Oh, yes. He is Mr Wu. He ________ us English this term.
A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.taught
( )19.My brother ________ play football. He ________ volleyball.
A.isn’t; plays B.is; play C.doesn’t; plays D.don’t; play
( )20.—Are your parents at home?
—Yes, they are. They often ________ TV at home on Friday evening.
A.watch B.watches C.are watching D.is watching
( )21.The weather ________ very often in the UK. It’s sunny one minute, but rainy the next.
A.changing B.changes C.doesn’t change D.don’t change
( )22.Bill ________ his room every day, so his room is very ________.
A.clean; clean B.cleans; cleans C.cleans; clean D.clean; cleans
( )23.The name “Rose” often _________ beauty and love.
A.means B.mean C.meant D.meaning
( )24.My grandparents ________ in the countryside.
A.live B.lives C.living D.to live
( )25.They ________ to the park on Sundays. They like the fresh air there.
A.often go B.go often C.often goes D.goes often
Unit 5 Fantastic friends
现在进行时
现在进行时可表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。现在进行时主要体现在谓语动词的形式上。
一、肯定句式:“be (am / is / are)+动词-ing形式”。如:
Daming is having lunch. 大明正在吃午餐。
Tony is eating a delicious ice cream. 托尼正在吃美味的冰激凌。
He is playing football in the playground. 他正在操场踢足球。
I am doing my homework in my room. 我正在房间做作业。
★★★动词-ing 形式的变化规律有4种:
1. 一般情况下,动词后直接加-ing。如:
walk→walking,buy→buying,visit→visiting,talk→talking,say→saying,speak→speaking
2. 以字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing。如:
take→taking,have→having,leave→leaving,drive→driving,write→writing,make→making
3. 以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”的重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母再加-ing。如:
stop→stopping,shop→shopping,sit→sitting,get→getting
4. 特殊变化。如:
lie→lying, die-dying
二、否定句式:“be (am / is / are)+not+动词-ing形式”。
现在进行时的否定句是在be (am / is / are)后直接加not,is not 可缩写为isn't,are not 可缩写为aren't,但am not不可以缩写。例如:
He is not (isn't) playing football in the playground. 此时他不在操场上踢足球。
I'm not doing my homework in my room. 我没在房间写作业。
They are not (aren't) waiting in front of the cinema. 他们不在电影院前等人。
三、疑问句形式:
一般疑问句直接将be动词提到句子开头,
一般疑问句
回答
Is she cleaning the house?
Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.
Are you getting ready for the Spring Festival?
Yes, I am./ No, I’m not..
Are they sweeping the floor?
Yes, they are./ No, thye aren’t.
Are the boys making lanterns?
Yes, they are./ No, thye aren’t.
特殊疑问句:选择特殊疑问词+一般疑问句形式
如果问对方在做什么?用What are you doing?
如果问其他人在做什么?What is he/she doing?/What are they doing?
三、使用场合
1. 当句中出现时间状语now, at the moment(目前),at this moment(此刻)时,用现在进行时。如:
She is searching for information on the Internet now. 她现在正在网上搜索信息。
2. 当句中出现look, listen等时,用现在进行时。如:
Look! Some children are drawing under the trees. 看!一些孩子正在树下画画。
3. 根据语境判断用现在进行时。如:
—Is Mr. Black in the classroom? 布莱克老师在教室吗?
—Oh, he is talking with Jim in his office. 噢,他正在办公室和吉姆谈话。
当堂训练
( )1.(2023·河北·统考中考真题)Some students ________ Taiji over there. Let’s go and join them.
A.play B.played C.are playing D.were playing
( )2.(2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题)—Sorry, I can’t hear you clearly. I ________ a football match.
—OK. I’ll ring you up later.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.was watching
( )3.(2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题)Look! Our Chinese teacher ______ a talk in the meeting room.
A.gave B.is giving C.gives
( )4.(2023·江西·统考中考真题)—What’s that noise, Tom?
—Oh, some children ________ in the yard.
A.play B.are playing C.played D.will play
( )5.(2023·安徽·统考中考真题)— Jim, I’ve got a problem with my car. Could you help me?
— Sorry, not right now. I ________ a short video.
A.make B.have made C.am making D.was making
( )6.(2023·云南·统考中考真题)—Where is your brother?
—Look! He ________ basketball on the playground.
A.plays B.played C.is playing D.was playing
( )7.(2023·四川达州·统考中考真题)—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash?
—Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now.
A.couldn’t, am doing B.can’t, am doing C.can’t, do
( )8.(2022北京中考)The workers_________ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning C. will clean D. are cleaning
( )9. (2022湖南郴州中考) —Is your father at home, Jill?
—No. He _______ his car outside.
A. was washing B. will wash C. is washing
( )10. (2022辽宁本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛中考) —Why is Kate absent from class?
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends
( )11. (2022内蒙古包头) —You look pretty busy. What’s up?
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing
( )12.(2022·四川凉山州中考)—Paul, where’s your mom?
—She ________ for us in the kitchen now.
A. will cook B. cooks C. is cooking
( )13. (2022·湖北黄冈) — Hello! May I speak to Kate?
—Sorry, she isn't in. She _______ ping-pong outside.
A. is playing B. plays C. played D. will play
( )14. (2022·黑龙江绥化) Holly prefers(更喜欢) playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She ________ the piano in her room.
A. play; is playing B. playing; plays C. playing; is playing
( )15. (2022云南昆明中考)— China's high-speed railway technology_______the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A. led B. was leading C. is leading D. will lead
( )16. (2022台湾) Have you found a summer job yet? Mr. Firth______ someone to take care of his kids during the vacation. Maybe you can talk to him.
A. has looked for B. is looking for C. looks for D. was looking for
( )17. (2022 江西中考)— Sssh! Be quiet. I'm on the phone.
— Who ____you ___ to, mom?
A. do, speak B. are, speaking C. will, speak D. have, spoken
( )18. (2022甘肃武威、天水中考) We ______ a meeting. Come and join in.
A. were having B. are having C. had D. have been
( )19. (2022重庆A卷) —Excuse me, what is Nick doing?
—Look! He _______ flowers outside.
A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered
( )20. (2022湖南邵阳中考)—Where's Anna, dear?
—She _____an online class in her room.
A. is taking B. takes C. will take
Unit 6 The power of plants
一般将来时
1般将来时:将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态,常与一些表示将来的时间的状语连用。
1.基本结构:一般由“助动词will+动词原形”或者“be going to +动词原形”构成。
2.注意:will是助动词,不能独立使用,否定形式是will not,缩写为 won’t.
3.时间状语:tomorrow,next time/week ,in a month/week, soon, in the future.
4.基本句型:
(1) 肯定句:主语+will/be going to +动词原形+其他
如:He will come here at once.
(2) 否定句:主语+won’t/be not going to +动词原形+其他
如:He will not go to Shenzhen.
(3) 一般疑问句:Will+主语+动词原形+其他?
Be(am,are,is)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?
如:Will you help me with my English?
Are you going to Happy Valley of Shenzhen?
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?
What will the students have for breakfast?
5.will 和be going to 的区别:
(1)will :与主观意图无关的将来,表示必然要发生的客观规律。
如:The flowers will come out in a few days.
(2)be going to:一般表示计划、打算或准备要做的事情,和有迹象将发生或肯定要发生的事情。
如:Look! It’s going to rain.
当堂训练
( )1. (2022 •甘肃省兰州市)In the near future, there self-driving cars in our city.
A. is B. was C. are D. will be
( )2. (2023 •乐山)—You’d better take an umbrella. The weather report says it in the afternoon.
—Thank you. I will put one in my bag.
A. will rain B. rains C. is raining
( )3. (2022 •北京)If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.
A. will book B. booked
C. have booked D. was booking
( )4.There a test tomorrow.
A.is B.will be C.will have D.have
( )5.There ________ more clean rivers and green space in the city in the near future.
A.will have B.is going to have C.are D.will be
( )6.Look! There are so many black clouds in the sky. I think it ________.
A.will rain B.rain C.is going to rain D.is raining
( )7.________ a big party in our school next month.
A.It is going to have B.It will be C.There will have D.There is going to be
( )8.My parents hope I ________ a teacher.
A.am B.be C.will be D.to be
( )9.—Is Helen here?
—No, she isn’t here, She ________ in half an hour.
A.arrives B.arrived C.will arrive D.has arrived
( )10.I________ a new house next year. I need your help.
A.bought B.buy C.was buying D.am going to buy
( )11.Now Steve is doing his homework. He ________ play football this afternoon.
A.is going to B.go C.goes
( )12.—There ________ a new library in our city.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.was D.will be
( )13.The old scientist ______ us a talk on future life next week.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.is giving
( )14.The students ________ the library after school tomorrow afternoon.
A.are cleaning B.are going to clean C.cleaned
( )15.________ sunny and cool tomorrow.
A.It will be B.There will be C.It was
( )16.Look! There are a lot of clouds in the sky. It is going to _______ soon.
A.rains B.rainy C.be raining D.be rainy
( )17.There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year.
A.be B.have C.will be D.will have
( )18.—Mr. Green ______ back to Canada soon. Let’s have a goodbye party for him.
—OK.
A.go B.goes C.went D.is going
( )19.He ________ Beijing in three days.
A.will leave for B.left for C.leaving for D.is going to leaving for
( )20.Summer holiday is coming. We ________ to Gansu with our friends. Would you like to go with us?
A.travel B.have traveled C.traveled D.will travel
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专题二 期末必考重点语法归纳及专练
Starter:冠词, 可数名词和不可数名词, 基数词,连词(and, but, or),简单句的基本句型;一般过去时,形容词的基本形式
Unit 1:人称代词和物主代词
Unit 2:there be 句型的用法
Unit 3:名词的所有格
Unit 4:频度副词,一般现在时
Unit 5:现在进行时
Unit 6:一般将来时be going to/will
Starter
一、冠词
冠词的分类
分类
说明
例子
不定冠词
a
用于以辅音音素开头的单词前
a gift 一份礼物,a plane 一架飞机,a useful book 一本有用的书
an
用于以元音音素开头的单词前
an hour 一小时,an apple 一个苹果,an honest girl 一个诚实的女孩
定冠词
the
只有一种形式,一般用于特指
the pen you write with 你写字的钢笔,the Chinese movie 那部中国影片
冠词的基本用法
一、不定冠词a、an的用法
1. a和an都用于可数名词单数前,泛指人和物;表示可数事物中的一个;表示第一次提到人或事物,起介绍作用;用在长度、数量、时间等计数单位的前面,表示“每一”。但两者用法有区别:
(1)若随后的单词以辅音音素开头,用 a。如:a lot of,a good idea,a pear。
(2)若随后的单词以元音音素开头,用 an。如:an example,an orange,an apple。
二、定冠词the的用法
用法
例子
1.用于特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
This is the city where my grandfather once lived.
2.用于指谈话双方知道的人或事物。
Would you mind my opening the window?
3.用于复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用"a或an",以后再次提到用"the")
Jim lives in a small village. In the village, there is an old tree.
4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
Spring is the first season of a year.
This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.
5.用于表示方向、方位的名词前。
in the east 在东方 in the front 在前面
at the back 在后面 in the bottom 在底部
6.用在世界上独一无二的事物。
the sun, the moon
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。
The Turners are at breakfast table.
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
The young should help the old.
9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall, the United States
10用在西洋乐器单数可数名词前。
play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴
13. 用在某些固定的表达法。
in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影
in the world 在世界上 all the year round 一年到头
on the way to 在去……去的路上
三、不用冠词的情况
用法
例子
1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。
Paper is made of wood.
2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。
Go along this road.
Every student likes English in our class.
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My parents are teachers.
4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
Today is Children’s Day.
It’s hot in summer.
5.在一日三餐、棋类、球类运动、学科的名词前。
He went to school without breakfast.
Let’s play football after school.
6.在某些固定短语中。
in bed, in hospital, on foot, at school
当堂训练一
㈠、单项选择
( )1.(2023·广州·语法选择)But _____ last one that came out was not strong at all.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】C
【解析】句意:但是最后一只鸟出来了,并没有那么强壮。
a/an是不定冠词,表示泛指。a用在辅音音素前;an用在元音音素前。the是定冠词,表示特指。此处特指最后一只鸟,用the。故选C。
( )2.(2023·吉林)Jenny ordered a hamburger and ________ hamburger was nice.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】C
【解析】句意:珍妮点了一个汉堡包,汉堡包很好吃。
考查冠词的用法。此处特指珍妮点的那个汉堡,用定冠词the。故选C。
( )3. (2023·江苏连云港)China is ________ country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
【答案】B
【解析】句意:中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家。
考查不定冠词表泛指。the表特指;a一,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一,用于元音音素开头的单词前;/不用冠词。根据“country”可知应用不定冠词泛指“一个国家”,且其为辅音音素开头的单词,因此不定冠词用a。故选B。
( )4.(2023·江苏宿迁)—Betty began to play ________ violin at the age of four.
—No wonder she plays so well.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——贝蒂四岁开始拉小提琴。——怪不得她拉得这么好。
考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,后接以辅音音素开头的单词;an不定冠词,表泛指,后接以元音音素开头的单词;the定冠词;/零冠词。violin是乐器,乐器前应加定冠词the。play the violin“拉小提琴”。故选C。
( )5.(2023·江苏扬州)Yangzhou is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food.
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:扬州是一座充满历史、文化和令人垂涎的美食的城市。
考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一个城市”,city以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,排除AC;根据“full of...history, culture...”可知此处指充满历史、文化等的城市,此处history是不可数名词,排除B。故选D。
( )6.(2023·山东滨州)—What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet?
—Oh, it is really _________ useful one. You can always find _________ information you need while traveling.
A. a; a B. an; an C. a; the D. an; the
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你觉得指南书《Lonely Planet》怎么样?——哦,它真的很有用。旅行时你总能找到你需要的信息。
考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一本有用的书”,useful以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,排除BD;第二个空特指“你需要的信息”,用定冠词the。故选C。
( )7.(2023·山东青岛)I watched The Wandering Earth Ⅱ last night. It is ________ wonderful film.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我昨晚看了《流浪地球Ⅱ》。这是一部精彩的电影。
考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一部电影,“wonderful”首字母发辅音音素,故选A。
( )8.(2023·天津)My mother is making ________ apple pie and I want to try ________ piece.
A. a; an B. a; 不填 C. an; a D. an; 不填
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我妈妈正做一个苹果派,我想尝一口。
考查冠词用法。空一处泛指“一个苹果派”,且apple是以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an,可排除AB选项;空二是指“尝一块”,try a piece表示“尝一块”。故选C。
( )9. China is ________ eastern country and it lies in ________ east of Asia.
A. an; / B. a ; an C. /; an D. an; the
【答案】D
【解析】句意:中国是一个发展中国家,它位于亚洲的东部。
考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词,不用冠词。根据语境可知,第一空泛指“一个”,并且eastern以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an;第二空由“east of Asia”可知,表示方位的名词前应用冠词the。故选D。
( )10. Look! There is ________ football under the table. Let’s play ________ football.
A. a; a B. the; the C. the; / D. a; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:看!桌子底下有一个足球。我们一起踢足球吧。
考查冠词。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,表示数量,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;the这个/这些,定冠词,表特指;/表示不填,零冠词。分析句子可知,第一空表泛指,表示数量,应使用不定冠词,且football是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前应使用不定冠词a修饰;第二空不填,零冠词,英文中play与球类连用,球类前是零冠词,play football“踢足球”。故选D。
( )11. —Could you please tell me how to get to _______ nearest hospital?
—Sure. Just go along Taihe Road until you pass a bookstore. Then turn _______ left and you can see it.
A. a; a B. a; / C. the; the D. the; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我怎么去最近的医院吗?——当然。沿着太和路一直走,直到你经过一家书店。然后左转,你就能看到了。
考查定冠词与零冠词。a不定冠词表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词表特指,可用于最高级前;/零冠词。根据“nearest”可知,第一个空后为形容词的最高级,因此前用定冠词the;根据“turn…left”可知,第二个空表示左转,因此用零冠词。故选D。
( )12. —What do you want to be when you grow up?
—I want to be ________ engineer and I am studying harder to go into ________ university in Beijing.
A. an; an B. a; a C. an; a D. a; an
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你长大后想做什么?——我想成为一名工程师,并且我正在努力学习为了进入北京的一所大学。
考查冠词的用法。an一个,泛指,用于开头发音为元音音素的单词前;a一个,泛指,用于开头发音为辅音音素的单词前。根据“I want to be ... engineer”可知,第一空泛指“一名”工程师,且“engineer”以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an;再根据“... university in Beijing”可知,第二空泛指北京的“一所”大学,且“university”以辅音音素开头,不定冠词用a。故选C。
( )13. — What ________ unusual journey we had!
— Well, life is always full of ________ surprises.
A. an; a B. an; the C. a; / D. an; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我们的旅行真不寻常!——哦,生活总是充满了惊喜。
考查冠词用法。an不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的单数名词前,表示泛指;a不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单数名词前,表示泛指;the定冠词,表示特指。根据“journey”为单数名词,并且“unusual”以元音音素开头可知,此处表示泛指,一次不寻常的旅行,用不定冠词an;又由“surprises”意为“惊喜”,可数名词复数,结合语境可知,此处不需要用冠词。故选D。
( )14. ______ second Sunday in May is Mother’s Day. It’s _____ special day for children to show their love to their mothers.
A. A; the B. The; a C. /; a D. /; the
【答案】B
【解析】句意:五月份的第二个星期天是母亲节,对于孩子们而言,那是一个向母亲表达爱意的特殊日子。
考查冠词。a一(用于以辅音音素发音开头的单词前,表泛指);the这个(表特指);/不填。根据“...second Sunday in May is Mother’s Day.”,可知此处“...second Sunday in May”特指五月份的第二个星期天,此空应是定冠词the;“...special day”则是泛指一个特殊的日子,此空应是不定冠词a。故选B。
( )15. Our English teacher tells us ________ interesting story and ________ story is about Thomas Edison.
A. an; a B. the; the C. a; the vvD. an; the
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我们的英语老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,这个故事是关于托马斯·爱迪生的。
考查冠词。an一个(用在以元音音素开头的单词前);a一个(用在以辅音音素开头的单词前);the这个,那个。第一空是第一次提到某事或某物,用不定冠词,interesting发音是以元音音素开头,前面用不定冠词an表示泛指;第一次提到某物用a或an表示泛指,后面再次提到时用the。故选D。
㈡、用适当的冠词(a, an, the)填空,不需要填冠词的地方用 “ / ”表示。
(1)play piano (2)play badminton
(3) lot of (4)go to bed
(5)have cold (6)have rest
(7)go to cinema (8)by bus
(9) Great Wall (10) National Day
【答案】
(1)the (2)/ (3)a (4)/
(5)a (6)a (7)the (8)/
(9)the (10)/
【知识点】选词填空;表示一类人或物中任何一个;用于乐器前面;表示特指;零冠词固定词组
【解析】【分析】a(an)意思是一个,指的可以是任何东西。a和an的用法区别主要是a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前,而an则用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。定冠词the主要是表示特指某物,一般用于物质名词前,如果一个词已出现过,后面再出现时前面也用the。
(1) piano,钢琴,一种乐器,在乐器名词前用the, play the piano,弹钢琴,故答案为play the piano。
(2)badminton,羽毛球,球类前面不加冠词,因此是play badminton,打羽毛球,故答案为play badminton。
(3)a lot of,很多;许多,固定搭配, a lot of用法:a lot of(=lots of)有形容词性,可用作定语修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 故答案为a lot of。
(4)go to bed,
去睡觉吧; 就寝; bed之前不能加定冠词the,也不能加this、that、your、my等词,因为它是固定词组。 故答案为go to bed。
(5)have a cold, 感冒,受凉,伤风,固定搭配,故答案为have a cold。
(6)have a rest, 休息一下 , 通常用在筋疲力尽,累瘫的状态时,表示你累得不行需要休息。大概就是能坐着绝不站着,能躺着绝不坐着,完全不想动,故答案为have a rest。
(7)go to the cinema,看电影,固定搭配, 这个短语的冠词只能用the,因为go to the cinema固定搭配,指看电影,不是什么到电影院去,和see a film是一样的 故答案为go to a cinema。
(8)by bus,乘公共汽车 , by+交通工具=出行方式 这里bus 名词是公交车的意思,by 作为介词有 在…旁边, 表示方式, 故答案为by bus。
(9)the Great Wall,长城,Great Wall是著名景点, 指世界上独一无二的事物 ,前面用定冠词the,故答案为the Great Wall。
(10)National Day, 国庆节 ,节假日固定短语,故答案为National Day。
二、可数名词和不可数名词
㈠.可数名词与不可数名词的区别
区别
可数名词
不可数名词
定义
可以计数的单个的物体、人、想法等的名称。如banana、ruler。
通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体等的名称,如rice、milk。
特点
有复数形式,如:a pen(一支钢笔)→two pens(两支钢笔)。
一般没有复数形式。
谓语
形式
①可数名词单数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;
②多个并列的可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The book is interesting.这本书有趣。
These apples are red. 这些苹果是红色的。
Lily and Lucy are twins. 莉莉和露西是双胞胎。
③提问可数名词的数量用how many。
How many flowers do you have? 你有多少花?
④可数名词复数前用many, some, any, a few, few等修饰。
Many teachers 许多老师
Some books 一些书
①不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
The money is enough for me. 这钱对我来说足够了。
②不可数名词的量用“冠词/基数词+表示计量单位的名词+of+不可数名词”结构表示。
A piece of bread 一片面包
4 cups of water 四杯水
③提问不可数名词的量用how much。
How much bread do we need? 我们需要多少面包?
④不可数名词前用much, some, any, a little, little等修饰。
Much money 许多钱
Some juice 一些果汁
—Would you like something to drink?
—Yes. Please give me some .
A.rice B.water C.oranges D.apples
[解析] rice“大米”;water“水”;orange作“橙子”讲时,为可数名词,作“橙汁”讲时,为不可数名词;apple“苹
果”。根据“你想喝点什么?”可知,此处应选B。
㈡.可数名词的复数形式的规则变化
构成方法
例词
一般情况下,名词后直接加-s
book—books apple—apples
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词,直接加-es
bus—buses box—boxes
peach—peaches watch—watches
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i, 然后加-es
library—libraries family—families
以字母o结尾的名词,有的加-s(无生命的), 有的加-es(有生命的)
photo—photos radio—radios
tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes
hero—heroes Negro—Negroes
以字母f/fe结尾的名词,一般将f/fe变成ves
leaf—leaves life—lives
【特别提醒】
1.注意一些不规则变化,如:
man—men, woman—women, foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children等。
2.有些单词单复数同形,如:fish, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
3.mango有两种复数形式,mangos和 mangoes
当堂训练二
㈠、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.There are many beautiful flowers on both (side) of the street.
【答案】sides
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:在街道的两边有许多漂亮的花。side,一边,名词。空格前有both,表示“两者,两边”,因此其后的名词要用复数形式,故答案为sides。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意both要修饰可数名词复数。
2. Do cats really have nine (life)?
【答案】lives
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:猫真的有9条命吗?life,名词,生命,基数词nine修饰名词复数,故填lives。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记life的名词复数是把fe变成ves的用法。
3. Two Chinese (woman) have been to space so far. They're Liu Yang and Wang Yaping.
【答案】women
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:迄今为止,已有两位中国女性进入太空。她们是刘洋和王亚平。woman,女人,基数词two修饰名词复数,是不规则变化women,故填women。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意识记women是名词复数的用法。
4.If you enjoy outdoor ( activity ), this is the trip for you.
【答案】activities
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你喜欢户外活动,这个旅游适合你。activity,活动,可数名词。根据语境;理解可知,此处表示泛指,泛指所有的户外活动。可数名词应用复数形式。故答案为:activities。
【点评】考查可数名词复数形式。注意根据语境确定名词的单复数形式。
5.Some (boy) are in the school library.
【答案】boys
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:一些男孩在学校图书馆。boy男孩,是名词单数,some修饰名词复数,故填boys。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意识记some修饰名词复数的用法。
6.—What animal does Helen see?
—Many (goose).
【答案】geese
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:——海伦看到了什么动物?——许多鹅。goose,鹅,是名词单数,many许多修饰名词复数,geese是名词复数的不规则变化形式,故填geese。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记复数geese的用法。
7. There are two (library) on the ground floor.
【答案】libraries
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:底楼有两个图书馆。library,图书馆,可数名词,基数词two修饰名词复数,故填libraries。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记library,辅音字母+y结尾的名词,复数形式是把y变i加es的用法。
8. The (teach) building has three (floor).
【答案】teaching;floors
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;动名词;表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯
【解析】【分析】句意: 教学楼共有三层。teach教,动词;floor层,可数名词。第一空根据空格后名词building"建筑",可知应填动名词形式teaching,作定语,表"教学楼";第二空根据基数词three"三",可知应填复数形式floors。故答案为:teaching;floors。
【点评】考查动名词和可数名词复数。注意熟记超过one的基数词后应用可数名词复数形式。
9. I'd like some for lunch. (tomato)
【答案】tomatoes
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:我午饭想要一些西红柿。tomato西红柿,可数名词,some修饰可数名词复数,所以用复数tomatoes,故填tomatoes。
【点评】考查可数名词复数,首先识记单词词义及词性,然后识记some修饰可数名词复数。
10.After dinner, I always help mom to do the . (dish)
【答案】dishes
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:晚饭后我总是帮妈妈洗碗。根据句子结构与和语境分析可知,空处在句中作宾语,应用名词,dish,餐具,可数名词,此处表示复数意义,故空处应用复数形式dishes,do the dishes"洗碗",固定短语,符合语境。故填dishes。
【点评】考查可数名词的复数以及固定短语do the dishes"洗碗"。
11. Some (child) are playing in the park.
【答案】children
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:一些孩子们正在公园玩。根据句子结构与和语境分析可知,空处在句中作主语,应用名词,child,孩子,可数名词,此处表示复数意义,故空处应用复数形式children。故填children。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记复数children的用法。
12. I usually have some (bread) and (milk) for breakfast.
【答案】bread;milk
【知识点】不可数名词没有复数形式。
【解析】【分析】句意:我通常早饭吃一些面包和牛奶。面包和牛奶不可数。故填bread;milk。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记常见不可数名词。
13. Could you give me some (water)?
【答案】water
【知识点】不可数名词没有复数形式。
【解析】【分析】句意:你能给我一些水吗?水不可数。故填water。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意识记液体类名词是不可数名词。
㈡、单项选择题。
( )1.A number of ____are talking about those____ .
A.Frenchmans, Germans B.Frenchmen, Germen
C.Frenchmen, Germans D.Frenchmans, Germen
【答案】C
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:许多……正在谈论那些……。分析句子结构可知,题干A number of的意思是许多,后面需要接可数名词的复数形式,those是代词,指代前面提到的复数名词,所以第二空应该填一个复数名词,Frenchman法国人,其复数形式是Frenchmen,German德国人,其复数形式为Germans,故答案为C。
【点评】考查名词单复数和国籍的复数形式。注意Frenchman的复数形式是Frenchmen,German的复数形式为Germans。
( )2. Today I have a lot of ____to do so I have no time to borrow Mo Yan's ____ from the libray.
A.work; works B.works; work
C.work; work D.works; works
【答案】A
【知识点】不可数名词;规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:今天我有很多工作要做,所以我没有时间从图书馆借莫言的作品。空一,根据to do so I have no time,可知工作很多,work,不可数名词,工作,空二,根据Mo Yan's,可知是作家的作品,work是可数名词,名词复数表示泛指,故选A。
【点评】考查不可数名词,名词复数,注意识记work不同的用法。
( )3. He enjoys ____ outside, but he never ____ at home.
A.doing morning exercise; do exercises
B.doing morning exercises; do exercises
C.doing morning exercises; does exercise
D.doing morning exercise; does exercises
【答案】C
【知识点】不可数名词;规则变化的可数名词复数;动名词
【解析】【分析】句意:他喜欢在早晨做户外做早操,但是他从不在家做运动。填空一,根据做早操do morning exercises。固定搭配,exercises是名词复数。空二,描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。故用单三式does,做运动do exercise,固定,exercise是不可数名词,运动,故选C。
【点评】考查名词,注意识记do morning exercises,不可数名词exercise的用法。
( )4.The ____nurses in the hospital are happy to go shopping in those small ____.
A.woman; shoe shop B.women; shoe shops
C.woman; shoes shop D.women; shoes shops
【答案】B
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:医院里的女护士们很高兴去小商店购物。nurses是名词复数,woman修饰名词复数时用women,复数的形式,those,那些,修饰名词复数,shops是名词复数,商店,故选B。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意识记women修饰名词复数,shops是名词复数的用法。
( )5. He likes ____ and he likes wearing ____ clothes.
A.sport, sport B.sports, sports
C.sport, sports D.sports, sport
【答案】C
【知识点】不可数名词;规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:他喜欢运动,并且他喜欢穿运动服。填空一,sport,是不可数名词,运动,填空二,名词sport修饰名词作定语时要用名词复数形式。sports clothes,运动服,故选C。
【点评】考查名词,注意识记sports clothes的用法。
( )6. One of the most famous ____ in China ____ Beijing.
A.place; is B.places; are
C.place; are D.places; is
【答案】D
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;其他语法一致形式
【解析】【分析】句意:北京是中国最著名的地方之一。one of后加名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单三。故选D。
【点评】考查名词复数以及主谓一致。注意主谓一致的用法。
( )7. The shop near my home sells ____clothing at a very good price.
A.child and woman's B.children's and women's
C.children and women's D.children's and women
【答案】B
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数;加 's表示同一物属两人(或以上)各自所有
【解析】【分析】句意:我家附近的商店以非常优惠的价格出售妇女和儿童的服装。A名词单数+名词单数所有格,B所有格+所有格,表示分别拥有,C名词复数+名词复数所有格,表示共同拥有,D名词复数所有格+名词,根据sells ____clothing at a very good price,可知用名词所有格做定语,儿童和妇女的衣服是不同的,故表示分别所有,故选B。
【点评】考查名词所有格,注意识记children's and women's的用法。
( )8. —How many ____ are there in your school?
—About 18.
A.woman teachers B.women teacher
C.women teachers D.woman teacher
【答案】C
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:——在你的学校有多少女老师?——大约18位。how many修饰名词复数,teachers是名词复数,woman修饰名词复数用women,复数的形式,故选C。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意识记women+名词复数的用法。
( )9. My uncle has a farm, and there are some____ on the farm.
A.chicken and sheep B.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheep D.chicken and sheeps
【答案】C
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数;不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:我叔叔有一个农场,农场里有一些鸡和羊。根据there are可知主语是名词复数,chicken的复数是chickens,sheep单复数一致,故选C。
【点评】考查名词复数,注意识记chickens,sheep单复数一致的用法。
( )10. Tom found ____and wrote a long letter to his grandma.
A.three piece of paper B.three pieces of papers
C.three papers D.three pieces of paper
【答案】D
【知识点】不可数名词;规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆找到了三张纸条,给奶奶写了一封长信。paper是不可数名词,纸,基数词three修饰名词复数piece,three pieces of paper,三张纸条,故选D。
【点评】考查名词,注意识记不可数名词paper,基数词修饰名词复数的用法。
三、基数词
基数词指表示数目的词。
(一)基数词表达方法有:
1.基数词1-12是独立的单词。[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
例:one /two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/ten/eleven/twelve
2.13-19基本上是在3-9后加-teen构成。但13,15,18有点特殊。
例:thirteen/fourteen/fifteen/sixteen/seventeen/eighteen/nineteen[来源:学科网ZXXK]
3.20-90的整十位数是在3-9后加-ty构成,但20,30,40,50有点特殊。
例:twenty /thirty/forty/fifty/sixty/seventy/eighty/ninety
4.“几十几”是由十位数词加连字符“-”加个位数合成。
例:twenty-one / twenty-two
5.英语中无“万”的单位,但有“百”、“千”、“百万”。表达方式如下:
one hundred 一百 one thousand 一千 ten thousand 一万
one hundred thousand 十万 one million 一百万
ten million 一千万
6.三位数数词要在百位和十位之间加and.
例:365 three hundred and sixty-five
注意:如果hundred,thousand,million前面有具体的数字,要用单数形式,但如果它们后面有of,则要用复数形式,且它们前面不可以再有表示具体数目的数词,表示“数百个”,“成千上万”。
例:three hundred students / hundreds of students
five thousand stars / thousands of stars
(二)基数词用法:
1.数词在句中可以做主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。
例:The eighth of March is Women’s Day. (主语)
The two girls are sisters. (定语)
We three will go there tomorrow. (同位语)
I like the third better.(宾语)
She is twelve. (表语)
2.数词用来表示年份。
例: 1999年:nineteen ninety-nine (分二位读)
I was born on July 12, 1989.
我出生于1989年7月12日。
3.时刻表示法
9:43 nine forty-three (时刻常用基数词读出)
整点:7:00 seven o’clock (o’clock可以省略)
表示“几点过几分”可用“分钟+past+小时”,但分钟必须在半小时以内,即小于30分钟。15分钟可用a quarter 表示,半小时可用half来表示。
例:ten past two, a quarter past nine, half past eight
表示“差几分几点”可用“分钟+to+小时”,同样分钟必须在半小时以内,即小于30分钟。
例:差2分钟2点:two to two即:1:58
4各种号码表达法。(注意大写第一个字母且数词在后面)
例:Room 205, Class 5
5. 表示岁数。
例:My sister is sixteen.
当堂训练三
( )1.—What’s fifty minus twenty?
—It’s __________.
A.fifty B.thirty C.eighty D.ninety
B
考查数词表达。fifty五十;thirty三十;eighty八十;ninety九十。根据“What’s fifty minus twenty”可知,五十减二十等于三十,故选B。
( )2.Seven thirty means (意思是) ________.
A.a quarter past eight B.half to seven C.half past seven
【答案】C
【解析】句意:七点半就是七点三十分。
考查时间的表达。根据“Seven thirty”可知,此处是指7点半,也可表达为half past seven。故选C。
( )3.(2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·校联考一模)Football is so exciting that ________ people in the world play it.
A.two millions B.million of C.millions of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:足球是如此令人兴奋,世界上有数百万人踢足球。
考查数词的表达。表示确切的数量,用基数词+数词的单数形式;表示概数,用数词的复数形式+of,三个选项中只有C选项表达正确,故选C。
( )4.(2023·新疆·模拟预测)My cousin is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.
A.nine; nine B.ninth; ninth C.nine; ninth D.ninth; nine
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我的表弟九岁。今天是他九岁的生日。
考查数词辨析。nine九,基数词;ninth第九,序数词。根据“years”可知第一空应填基数词,而由“birthday”可知第二空应填序数词,故选C。
( )5.(2022·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题)—Did you watch the second “Tiangong lecture” (天宫课堂) on March 23, 2022?
—Yes, about two ________ students in our school watched it.
A.thousand B.thousands of C.million D.millions of
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你看了2022年3月23日的第二场“天宫课堂”吗?——是的,我们学校大约有两千名学生观看了。
考查数词的用法。thousand千;million百万。表示具体数量时,用“数词+thousand/million”;表示概数时,用“thousands/millions of”。空前有具体数词,可排除BD选项;再根据“in our school watched it.”和常识可知,在学校应是大约两千学生观看。故选A。
( )6.(2023·浙江温州·模拟预测)There are ___ floors in the building. We live on ___ floor.
A.the ninth; the ninth B.nine; the ninth C.the ninth; nine D.nine; nine
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这栋大楼有19层。我们住在第九层。
考查数词的用法。表示建筑物的总层数用基数词,第一空用nine;表示在某一层用序数词,第二空用ninth,故选B。
( )7.There are ________ seasons in a year. Winter is ________ season.
A.fourth; four B.fourth; the fourth C.four; the fourth D.four; the four
【答案】C
【解析】句意:一年有四个季节。冬天是第四个季节。
考查基数词和序数词。four四;fourth第四。第一空是描述一年中有四个季节,应用基数词four;第二空是说冬天是一年中第四个季节,应用序数词fourth,故选C。
( )8.My daughter is in ________ this year.
A.class 2, grade 6 B.grade 6, class 2
C.Class 2, Grade 6 D.Grade 6, Class 2
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我女儿今年在六年级二班。
考查年级班级表达法。“六年级二班”应是先小地方再到大地方,故先班级,再年级,且大写首字母。故选C。
( )9.—What time is it?
—It’s 7:45 or ________.
A.a quarter to eight B.forty-five past seven C.forty-five to eight D.a quarter past eight
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——几点了?——现在是7:45或者说差一刻八点。
考查时间的表达。“7:45”的分钟部分大于半小时,所以还可表达为“差一刻(15分钟)八点”,即a quarter to eight。故选A。
( )10.Now children, turn to Page _______ and look at the _______ picture.
A.Twentieth; one B.Twenty; one C.Twentieth; first D.Twenty; first
【答案】D
【解析】句意:孩子们现在,打开到二十页看第一幅图。
考查数词。用数词表示事物的顺序时,名词+基数词,而且首字母大写;the+序数词+名词,首字母不要大写。故选D。
四、一般过去时
1.基本结构
主语+was/were+...
主语+动词过去式+...
I was a student. They were teachers. 过去,我是学生,他们是老师。(肯定句)
I didn’t go to bed early last night. 昨晚我没有早点睡觉。(否定句)
Did you see her last Sunday? 上周日,你见到她了吗?(一般疑问句)
What did Tom say about your homework? 关于你的家庭作业,汤姆说什么了吗?(特殊疑问句)
2.基本用法
表示一个过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
She went shopping with us last Sunday. 上周日她和我们去购物了。(过去发生的动作)
I spent all my childhood in Beijing. 我在北京度过了我的整个童年。(过去存在的状态)
3.标志词(即时间状语)
yesterday 昨天 yesterday+时间 the day before yesterday 前天
last+时间 last night/week/month/yesterday
时间段+ago 之前 five days ago
before 在….之前 before five days
句子中有介词+表示过去时间的名词构成的短语:如 in 2019, just now 刚才, once 曾经, then 那时
this+时间 例如(this morning) 请记住:this morning(今天早上)往往动作已经发生用过去时,如果事情没有发生,我们就用一般将来时。例如:this morning I will see a doctor.
4.动词过去式的变化规则:
⑴ 一般情况直接在词尾加+ ed
如:cook -cooked wash-washed
⑵ 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,在词尾+ d
如: like -liked live-lived
⑶ 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母再在词尾+ed
如:stop-stopped shop-shopped plan-planned 计划
⑷ 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,要改 y 为 i 再加 ed
如:study-studied carry- carried 运送,搬运
另外须记不规则动词的一般过去时变形。(不规则变化常考)请熟记英语教材
5.一般过去时涉及的三种句型
肯定句:直接根据时态变动词
否定句:两种情况(第一种即行为动词:主谓宾 主+didn't+动词原形;第二种即be 动词:主系表 主 +wasn’t/weren’t + 其他)
疑问句:两种情况 第一种即行为动词 Did+主语+行为动词为原形…? Yes,主语+did./ No,主语+didn’t;
第二种即 be 动词 Was/Were+主语+其他? Yes,主语+was/were./ NO, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
一般过去时的做题步骤:(和数学很相似)
第一步:找句中的时间状语(即表示时间的标志词)
找到时间标志词的就直接可以判断出是一般过去时;如果没有明确的时间状语,有如下的方法:1.联系上下文判断时态,如果是疑问句填空我们就通过答句判断时态,如果是答句填空我们就通过疑问句判断时态;2.and 连接前后的动词时态一致,例如:they talked,laughed and walked to the village.
第二步:判断句子的动词时 be 动词还是行为动词
1.be 动词肯定:was、were 否定:wasn't weren't
2.行为动词:规则变化还是非规则变化
当堂训练四
( )1. Maria ________ at 4:30 this morning and couldn’t fall asleep.
A. woke up B. was woken up
C. wakes up D. is woken up
A 【解析】句意:Maria在今天早上4点半醒了,再睡不着了。woke up是一般过去时态,醒来,叫醒;was woken up被叫醒;wakes up是一般现在时,第三人称单数形式;is woken up是一般现在时态的被动语态。句中时间状语是at 4:30 this morning,是一个过去的时间,故本句应使用一般过去时态。根据句意可知,Maria是自己醒来,不是被别人叫醒,故应用主动语态,选A。
( )2. While his dad ________ out, Steve decided to play games on the computer.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
B 【解析】句意:当他爸爸出去的时候,Steve决定在电脑上玩游戏。根据主句的谓语decided 是一般过去时,故while引导的时间状语从句也用一般过去时,故选B。
( )3. (2022•河北)He ___________ me his name, but I can’t remember it now.
A. tells B. will tell
C. told D. is telling
C【解析】考查动词时态。由句意可知“他告诉过我他的名字,但我现在不记得了”,告诉应是过去的动作,所以选过去时C。
( )4.(2023 •江苏省南京市)—Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Pro?
—A couple of days. I ___________ it last week.
A. bought B. buy C. will buy D. have bought
A【解析】根据句意:——温迪,你买华为P30有多久了?——几天。我上周买的。last week说明是一般过去时。故选:A。
( )5.(2023四川省峨眉山市)I still remember my happy childhood(童年) when my mother ______________ me to Disneyland at weekends.
A. took B. takes C. will take
A 【解析】句意:我仍然能记得我的快乐的童年,那时妈妈在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。根据I still remember my happy childhood可知,本句叙述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时。故选A。
( )6. (2022黑龙江省牡丹江)—Have you been to Beijing?
—Yes, I ______________ there two years ago.
A. have been B. went C. will go
B 【解析】句意:——你去过北京吗?——是的,我两年前去的那里。根据时间状语two years ago可知此处用一般过去时,故选B。
五连词(and but or)
连词是把分句连接成句的词。and but和 or常常被称为并列连词。这些连词把语法上彼此独立的两个分句连接起来。
句子的构成形式:分句+并列连词+分句。例如:I help him and he helps me.
1、and的用法
and意为“和;又”,为连词,表示顺承或并列的逻辑关系。
My father works in a bank, and my mother is a teacher.
2、but的用法
but意为“但是”,是并列连词,连接两个分句、短语或单词,表示语义上的转折。
I am old, but you are young.我老了,但你还年轻。
and与but的用法区别
易混词
用法
例句
and
用来连接两个相同的句子成分,这两个句子成分可以是单词、短语或分句。and连接两个分句时,分句本身都有自己的主语。如果第二个分句的主语与第一个分句的主语相同,则第二个分句中的主语可以省略。
John and Tom are our good friends.约翰和汤姆是我们的好朋友。
but
在意义上起转折作用。but前后的两个部分在意义上形成鲜明对照。but用来连接两个分句或两个较长的短语时,其前面一般要加逗号。
Learning to play the guitar isn't difficult, but you have to practice.学弹吉他并不难,但是你得练习。
3、or的用法
意为“或者”,是并列连词,连接两个分句表选择关系。
The children can stay at home, or they can come with us to the zoo.
孩子们可以呆在家里,也可以和我们一起去动物园。
当堂训练五
( )1、Betty speaks English best in our class she often helps us with it.
A. and B. but C. or D. for
解析
句意为:在我们班贝蒂英语讲得最好,并且她经常帮助我们学英语。结合语境可知, 空处表示顺承关系,用and连接前后句,故选A项。
答案A
( )2、---Would you like to go to the party with me ?
一I'd love to, I'm afraid I have no time.
A,so B.or C.but D.and
解析
根据空前句意"我愿意"和空后句意"恐怕我没有时间"可知前后分句之间是转折关系,应用连词but,故选C项。
( )3.I don’t have basketballs ________ volleyball, ________ have tennis balls ________ soccer balls.
A.and, and, and B.or, or, or C.and, but, or D.or, but, and
【详解】句意:我没有篮球和排球,但是有网球和足球。
考查连词辨析。and和,肯定句中表并列;or或者,否定句中表并列;but但是,表转折。根据“I don’t have”和“basketballs...volleyball”可知,否定句中并列连词应用or;前否定后肯定,第二个空格处应表转折,应用连词but;又根据“tennis balls...soccer balls”可知,第三个空格为肯定句中表并列,应用and。故选D。
( )4.I always feel tired in the morning ________ I hate going to bed early.
A.and B.if C.but D.because
【详解】句意:早上我总是感觉很疲劳,但我又讨厌早睡。
考查连词辨析。and并且,和;if如果;but但是;because因为。根据“I always feel tired in the morning”和“I hate going to bed early”可知,早上我总是感觉很疲劳,但是我又讨厌早睡,应用表示转折关系的并列连词but来连接。故选C。
( )5.He is tall, his brother is short.
A.and B.or C./ D.but
【详解】句意:他个子高,但是他弟弟个子矮。
考查连词辨析。and和;并且;or 或者;否则;but但是。根据句意,他的高和弟弟的矮形成对比,表示转折,故选D。
( )6.Is your dog yellow __________ black?
A.or B.and
C.but D.yet
【详解】句意:你的狗是黄色的还是黑色的?
考查并列连词辨析。or或者;and和;but但是;yet然而。句子是选择疑问句,应用or连接两个或两个以上的并列成分。故选A。
( )7.I like my school ________ the teachers are all very friendly.
A.before B.because C.so D.until
【详解】句意:我喜欢我的学校,因为老师们都很友好。
考查连词辨析。before在……以前;because因为;so所以;until直到。根据“I like my school”和“the teachers are all very friendly.”可知,前后句为因果关系,前果后因,故应用because连接。故选B。
( )8.—Excuse me, ________ you can’t eat anything in class.
—Oh, I’m really sorry, Ms. Xie.
A.and B.because C.so D.but
【详解】句意:——打扰了,你不能在上课吃东西。——噢,我真的很抱歉,谢老师。
考查表示转折关系的连词。and和,又;because因为;so因此;but但是。空格前后的句子存在意义上的转折,因此应用表示转折关系的连词but来连接。故选D。
( )9.—How do you like math?
—I think it is difficult ________ interesting.
A.and B.but C.because D.so
【详解】句意:——你觉得数学怎么样?——我认为它难,但是有趣。
考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;because因为;so所以。根据“difficult...interesting”可知此处表示转折,用but连接。故选B。
( )10.Hamburgers taste good, ________ it is not healthy.
A.and B.but C.because D.so、
【详解】句意:汉堡包品尝起来不错,但是它是不健康的。
考查连词。从题意可以看出,前半句是说汉堡包优点,后半句是指出它的缺点,前后是转折关系,but“但是”,表示转折。故选B。
六简单句的基本句型
英语是一种结构型语言,以谓语动词为核心构成句型。
简单句的基本概念 :只有一个主谓结构的独立句子叫简单句。在简单句中, 主语和谓语可以由一个词或短语充当,也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当,组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。例如:
Mary and Jane woke up and got dressed.
1.六种常见的基本句型。
(1)主语+系动词+表语 即S+V+P
常用的系动词有:be, look, sound, taste, feel, smell, become, turn, get等。
系动词后接形容词或名词作表语。
e.g. I’m very happy today.
Kate becomes a student.
(2)主语+谓语(不及物动词) 即S+V
此句型中的动词不可以直接加宾语,这种动词称为不及物动词。
e.g.His first book came out in 2008. 他的第一本书在2008年出版了。
(3)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 即S+V+O
此句型中动词可以直接加宾语,这种动词称为及物动词。
e.g.I bought an interesting book yesterday.
This morning I met your father on my way home.
(4)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 即S+V+InO+DO
此句型中的动词可以接两个宾语,指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。两个宾语的顺序可以改变。如果直接宾语在前面,间接宾语的前面要加上介词to或for。
常跟双宾语的动词有:give, show, bring, pass, send, leave, lend, tell, teach, write, buy, sing等。
e.g. Please give the book to me. =Please give me the book.
My mother bought me a bike yesterday. =My mother bought a bike for me yesterday.
(5)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语即S+V+O+C
He found me cold and hungry.
宾语补足语用来说明宾语的行为、特征或状态等,宾语和宾语补足语之间通常有逻辑上的主谓关系。
后常跟复合宾语的动词有:let, see, watch, hear, help, feel, call, make, find, tell, ask
e.g.The news made me happy.
Let me help you learn English after school.
(6)There be+主语+状语
此句型中,be的单复数由后面的主语决定。当有两个或两个以上的主语时,be动词的数与最近的主语的数保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
e.g.There are many people in the shop.
There is a pen and two erasers in the pencil case.
2.句型说明。
(1)英语的句子以谓语为中心,前面是行为的执行者,后面接动作的承受者(被动语态除外)。状语可置于句首,也可置于谓语部分之后。一般说来,置于句首的多是时间、条件和原因状语,置于谓语部分之后的是地点、方式、目的状语和伴随成分。
(2)有些动词可以作及物动词,后面带宾语,也可以作不及物动词, 后面不带宾语,意思上没有什么变化。这类动词常用的有:drink, help, change, clean, cook, draw, lend, save, ride, marry, drive, smoke, sing, wash, write, type, study, learn, spend, eat 等。
例如: The weather changed. 天气变了。
We changed our plan. 我们改变了我们的计划。
(3)有些动词既可以是及物动词,也可以是不及物动词,使用的场合不同, 意思有所变化,如: sit, stand, fly, work, mind, dress, escape, miss, hang, meet, play, pass, move, press, run, turn, touch, follow, exercise, hold, count, head, show, win, beat, blow,hurt, fit, manage, spread,等。
例如: The trees moved in the wind . 树在风中摇曳。
The tale moved her to tears .这故事使她感动得落泪。
当堂训练六
【语法练习】——划分句子成分
1. Every morning my mother cooks me breakfast.
Every morning my mother cooks me breakfast.
时间状语 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
2. My friend gave me a wonderful present on my birthday.
My friend gave me a wonderful present on my birthday.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 时间状语
3. The old man died on a cold morning.
The old man died on a cold morning.
主语 谓语 时间状语
4. The music made me think of my hard childhood.
The music made me think of my hard childhood.
主语 谓语 宾语 补语
5. I decided to have a rest.
I decided to have a rest.
主语 谓语 宾语
6. I like apples.
I like apples.
主语 谓语 宾语
7. There are many books in the library.
There are many books in the library.
There be 主语 状语
8. Spring is warm and sunny.
Spring is warm and sunny.
主语 系 表语
七形容词
形容词是词类的一种,主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性,常用作定语,也可作表语或补语。
1.形容词大体可以分为下面几类:
品质形容词
happy(开心的), healthy(健康的), quiet(安静的), angry(生气的), clean(干净的)...
类属形容词
local(当地的), real(真的), right(正确的), daily(日常的)...
颜色形容词
black(黑色的), blue(蓝色的), brown(棕色的), green(绿色的)...
强调形容词
perfect(完美的), true(真正的), complete(完全的)...
-ing形容词
amazing(令人惊叹的), exciting(令人激动的), interesting(有趣的), boring(令人厌倦的)...
-ed形容词
excited(激动的), interested(感兴趣的), bored(厌倦的)...
2.形容词的基本形式:
英文中表达比较时会用到形容词的比较级(表示“比较……”)和最高级(表示“最……”),与之相对的形容词本身称为原级。
原级
比较级
最高级
High 高的
Higher 比较高的
Highest 最高的
Warm 暖和的
Warmer 比较暖和的
Warmest 最暖和的
Cold 冷的
Colder 比较冷的
Coldest 最冷的
当堂训练七
( )1.—It is really a waste of time to play phone games.
—Exactly! As a teenager, we have more things to do .
A. careful B. successful C. meaningful D. peaceful
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——玩手机游戏真是浪费时间。——说的对!作为一名青少年,我们有更有意义的事要做。careful认真的;successful成功的;meaningful有意义的;peaceful和平的。根据It is really a waste of time to play phone games.可知玩手机游戏是浪费时间,因此我们要做有意义的事,故答案选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析,根据语境、词义做出判断。
( ) 2. If you work really hard, you will get grades next year.
A. bad B. good C. many
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】 bad糟糕的,坏的,good好的,优秀的,many一些,许多,修饰可数名词复数。句意:如果你真地努力工作,明年你将取得好的成绩。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。
( ) 3.—What do you think of your junior high school life?
—I think it is one of _________ periods in my life.
A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. much wonderful D. the most wonderful
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——你觉得你的初中生活怎么样?——我觉得它是我生命最好的阶段之一。固定句式one of the +形容词最高级,表最……的之一。形容词wonderful的最高级为the most wonderful。故选D。
【点评】考查形容词最高级,注意掌握固定句式one of the +形容词最高级表最……的之一。
( ) 4.Art is ________ subject in our class.
A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:在我们班,美术是最受欢迎的科目。根据 in our class,在我们班,可知是所有的科目进行比较,应用形容词的最高级,形容词popular是多音节单词,因此最高级为the most popular,表最受欢迎,故选D。
【点评】考查形容词的最高级。注意两者之间比较用形容词比较级,三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级,注意最高级most前面需要加the。
( )5.—Dad, it's such a long way from our home to Tianyi Square!
—You mean it's to take a taxi?
A. popular B. necessary C. possible D. important
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——爸爸,从我们家到天一广场这么远!——你是说有必要坐出租车?A流行的,B必要的,C可能的,D重要的,根据 it's such a long way,可知路途远,是有必要乘坐出租车,故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意necessary的用法。
( ) 6. Tom used to be very quiet and shy. But now he is very ________ and joins lots of clubs.
A. active B. bright C. silent D. polite
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆过去常常很安静和腼腆。但是现在他非常积极并且加入了很多俱乐部。A active 活跃的;B bright 明亮的;C silent 安静的;D polite 礼貌的;but是表转折关系连词,根据前文Tom used to be very quiet and shy"Tom过去常常很安静和害羞及joined a lot of clubs,可知,现在是很活跃,并参加了许多俱乐部,故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。根据上下文的联系确定所使用的形容词。
( ) 7.Tom always says hello to everyone. He is very ______.
A. helpful B. polite C. proud D. modest
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:tom总是对每一个人都说你好,她很有礼貌。“says hello to everyone”由此可知是表扬她懂礼貌,故选B
【点评】词义辨析,注意平时积累
( ) 8.— It's ______for us to take exercise every day.
— Yes. And we should go to bed early, too.
A. necessary B. late C. difficult
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——每天锻炼对我们来说是很必要的。——是的,我们也应该每天早睡。necessary必要的;late晚的;difficult困难的。根据句意可知选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。
Unit 1 A new start
人称代词和物主代词
一、人称代词
1:定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。
The cat is small. It(此处代指第三人称单数 The dog)is Mary’ s.
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
3. 用法
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’ s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
—I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
(6)it 的用法
It 除用来指代人或事物外,还可以用来表示时间、天气、距离等。
It’s 12 o’clock. 现在是12点。
It’s a fine day today. 今天天气不错。
It’s 20 km from here. 那儿离这儿20公里。
二、物主代词
物主代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性物主代词
my
our
your
your
his
her
its
their
名词性物主代词
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
含义
我的
我们的
你的
你们的
他的
她的
它的
他们的
形物代
形物代修饰名词,用于名词前;对形物代提问用whose
用法
名物代
名物代后不能接名词,名物代=形物代+名词
形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。
Mary is my best friend.玛丽是我最好的朋友。
This is her book.这是她的书。
名词性物主代词起名词的作用。为了避免重复使用名词,我们经常用名词性物主代词代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。名词性物主代词在句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。它总是单独用在句子中,其后不可再接名词。
—Whose book is this? 这是谁的书?
—It’s Mary’s. Mine is on the desk.它是玛丽的。我的(书)在书桌上。(Mine作主语,相当于My book)
Tom’s bike is broken. He is using mine.汤姆的自行车坏了。他正在用我的(自行车)。(mine作宾语,相当于 my bike)
【特别提醒】
代词his,its既可以作形容词性物主代词,也可以作名词性物主代词。
This is his bike. 这是他的自行车。(是形容词性物主代词)
This bike is his. 这辆自行车是他的(自行车)。(是名词性物主代词)
当堂训练一
一、用所给词的正确形式填空
1.Let ______ (they) help you find the watch.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:让他们帮你找手表。根据“Let”可知,动词后填代词宾格形式做宾语,they的宾格形式为them。故填them。
2.In ______ class, all of ______ like English. (we)
【答案】 our us
【详解】句意:在我们班,我们所有人都喜欢英语。第一个空修饰名词,用we的形容词性物主代词our;第二个空位于介词of后,用we的人称代词宾格us。故填our;us。
3.Our family are busy. ______ (our) need to do lots of work.
【答案】We
【详解】句意:我们家很忙。我们需要做很多工作。空处在句中作主语,所以用our对应的人称代词主格we。句首单词首字母大写。故填We。
4.Rita’s parents are away for the week. I’d go over to keep ______ (she) company.
【答案】her
【详解】句意:Rita的父母本周不在家。我会过去陪她。固定短语keep sb. company“陪伴某人”,空前“keep”是动词,其后跟宾格代词her“她”。故填her。
5.I can cook eggs. What about ______ (she)?
【答案】her
【详解】句意:我会煮鸡蛋。她呢?根据题空前介词about可知,后面代词用宾格形式,she的宾格为her。故填her。
6.These books are ______ (he).
【答案】his
【详解】句意:这些书是他的。根据“These books are”可知,此处指“他的书”,所以填名词性物主代词his。故填his。
7.People don’t like to be asked about ______ personal questions. (they)
【答案】their
【详解】句意:人们不喜欢被问到他们的私人问题。此处指的是“他们的私人问题”,应该用形容词性物主代词their,意为“他们的”。故填their。
8.The old man’s grandsons all live in that house, but the house is not ______ (they).
【答案】theirs
【详解】句意:老人的孙子们都住在那所房子里,但那个房子不是他们的。根据“the house is not...”可知,设空处需填写名词性物主代词作表语,they的名词性物主代词为theirs。故填theirs。
9.When you go to England, you may find the traffic rules there are different from ______ (our).
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:当你去英国时,你会发现那里的交通规则与我们的不同。空前面的 from是介词,此处需用名词性物主代词ours代指上文的traffic rules。故填ours。
10.Lily said the red and white watch was her sister’s, not ______. (she)
【答案】hers
【详解】句意:莉莉说那块红白相间的手表是她姐姐的,不是她的。根据题干,结合提示词,可知此处表示不是她的手表,设空处后面没有名词watch,因此用名词性的物主代词,she的名词性物主代词是hers,故填hers。
二、单项选择
( )1.—Who teaches ________ painting?
—Nobody. I teach ________
A.your; mine B.your; myself C.you; myself D.you; me
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁教你画画?——没有人教我,我自学。
考查代词的用法。your你的,你们的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词;you你,你们,人称代词主格或宾格;me我,人称代词宾格。根据“teaches … painting”可知,teach sb sth“教某人某事”,动词teach后使用人称代词宾格,排除A、B;根据“I teach…”可知,此处应使用反身代词,teach onself“自学”,排除D。故选C。
( )2.I don’t want Dad to teach ________ how to fish. I can teach ________.
A.me; myself B.me; me C.my; me D.my; myself
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我不想让爸爸教我如何钓鱼。我可以自学。
考查代词辨析。me我,宾格代词;myself我自己,反身代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。第一空作为动词teach的宾语,用宾格me;根据“I can teach …”可知,表示我自学,teach oneself“自学”,故用myself。故选A。
( )3.Please tell ________ about it if ________ doesn’t know the truth.
A.she; she B.her; she C.hers; her D.she; her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果她不知道真相请告诉她。
考查人称代词。she她,人称代词主格;her她,人称代词宾格;hers她的,名词性物主代词。第一空tell为动词,后面加宾格形式作宾语,用her;第二空作主语应用人称代词主格。故选B。
( )4.(2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)—Who is that tall man over there?
—Oh, he is ________ teacher and he teaches ________ geography.
A.our; us B.us; us C.our; our D.us; our
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那边的那个人是谁?——哦,他是我们的老师,他教我们地理。考查代词辨析。our我们的,形容词性物主代词;us我们,人称代词宾格。第一空修饰名词teacher,要用形容词性物主代词;第二个空作动词teaches的宾语,用人称代词宾格,故选A。
( )5.(2023·湖北荆州·中考真题)— Who’s that boy over there?
—______ is my cousin.
A.You B.I C.He D.She
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——那边的那个男孩是谁?——他是我的堂弟。考查人称代词辨析。you你;I我;he他;she她。此空指代前文的“that boy”,指男性,故选C。
( )6.(2022·天津·中考真题)Mike’s aunt is ________ English teacher. We all like ________.
A.our; she B.our; her C.we; he D.we; her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Mike的阿姨是我们的英语老师,我们都喜欢她。考查代词辨析。our我们的,形容词性物主代词;we我们,人称代词主格;he他,人称代词主格;her她/她的,人称代词宾格/形容词性物主代词;she她,人称代词主格。第一个空后有名词,用形容词性物主代词修饰,排除C和D,第二个空在谓语动词like后,用人称代词宾格。故选B。
( )7.—Who taught ________ English, kids?
—Nobody. We just learned it _________.
A.your, by ourselves B.you, for ourselves
C.you, by ourselves D.your, for ourselves
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——孩子们,谁教你们英语的?——没有人。我们只是自学的。
考查代词辨析和介词短语。your你/你们的,形容词性物主代词;you你/你们,主格/宾格;by oneself独自,单独;for oneself为了自己。第一空应填you,作teach的宾语,可排除A、D选项;根据“We just learned it”可知,空二处表示我们自己学习的,用by ourselves。故选C。
( )8.These shoes are ________ and that pair belongs to ________.
A.mine; hers B.me; her C.mine; her D.my; mine
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这双鞋是我的,那双是她的。
考查代词辨析。mine我的,名词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;me我,人称代词宾格;her她,她的,人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。根据“These shoes are...”可知,第一空后没有名词,填形容词性物主代词,排除B、D;根据“that pair belongs to”可知,第二空填人称代词宾格,故选C。
( )9.Wang Bing’s father often teaches _________ how to be good children.
A.they B.their C.them D.theirs
【答案】C
【详解】句意:王兵的父亲经常教他们如何做好孩子。
考查代词辨析。they他们,主格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them他们,宾格;theirs他们的,名词性物主代词。teach是动词,后面跟人称代词宾格作宾语。故选C。
( )10.The children haven’t eaten anything yet. Cook ________ some food right now.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
【答案】B
【详解】句意:孩子们还没吃东西。现在给他们煮点食物。
考查代词辨析。they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;their他们的;themselves他们自己。根据“Cook…some food right now.”可知,此处指“给他们煮点食物”,动词cook后面填人称代词宾格,故选B。
( )11.The handbag is not Linda’s. _______ is yellow with a brand on it.
A.Hers B.Yours C.His D.Mine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个手提包不是琳达的。她的是黄色的,上面有一个标志。
考查代词辨析。Hers她的,名词性物主代词;Yours你的,名词性物主代词;His他的,名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词;Mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据“…is yellow with a brand on it.”可知,此处指她的手提包是黄色的,应用名词性物主代词来指代“her handbag”,应用hers。故选A。
( )12.I think my kite is more beautiful than ________. And it’s made by ________.
A.she; me B.her; myself C.hers; mine D.hers; myself
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我认为我的风筝比她的更漂亮。并且它是我自己做的。
考查代词。第一个空,根据“I think my kite is more beautiful than...”可知,此处指我的风筝比她的更美,hers“她的”,指代her kite,故填hers;第二个空,根据“it’s made by...”可知,此处指风筝是我自己做的,by oneself“某人自己”,myself“我自己”,故填myself。故选D。
( )13.—Is this pencil box ________?
—No, it isn’t. It is ________ pencil box.
A.yours; his B.his; hers C.your; my D.her; mine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这个铅笔盒是你的吗?——不,不是。是他的铅笔盒。
考查代词辨析。yours你的,你们的,名词性物主代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;your你的,你们的,形容词性物主代词;her她,她的,宾格或形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第一个空格后没有名词,应用名词性物主代词,排除C和D;第二个空格后有名词pencil box,其前应用形容词性物主代词,排除B;故选A。
( )14.—Lily, is this blue pencil box Steve’s?
—No, it isn’t. ________ is black.
A.Mine B.Hers C.His D.Yours
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——莉莉,这个蓝色的铅笔盒是史蒂夫的吗?——不,不是。他的是黑色的。
考查名词性物主代词。Mine我的;Hers她的;His他的;Yours你的。根据“is this blue pencil box Steve’s”可知,Steve是男性,其对应的名词性物主代词应用his。故选C。
( )15.This is not my pen. It's_________.Mine is over there.
A.our B.hers C.your D.my
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这不是我的钢笔,是她的,我的在那边。A. our我们的,形容词性物主代词;B. hers她的,名词性物主代词;C. your你的,形容词性物主代词;D. my我的,形容词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后面必须跟名词,而此处所设空的后面没有名词,只能用名词性物主代词,故答案为B。
点睛:人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格);物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词用作定语,修饰名词,如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。
( )16.—Sonia, is this your dictionary?
—No, it’s not ___________. Ask Alan. It may be ___________.
A.my; him B.my; him C.mine; him D.mine; his
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——索尼亚,这是你的字典吗?——不,不是我的。问问艾伦,可能是他的。形容词性物主代词my后面必须跟名词,因此第一个空要填名词性物主代词,排除A,B;最后一句话是说字典可能是他的,要用名词性物主代词his,而非宾格him,故答案为D。
点睛:人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格);物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词用作定语,修饰名词,如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如本题中的mine=my dictionary。
( )17.— Mary, is the blue bike __________?
— No, _________ is a black one.
A.your; my B.your; mine C.yours; my D.yours; mine
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——玛丽,这辆蓝色的自行车是你的吗?——不,我的是黑色的。放于句末的一定是名词性物主代词,首先排除A,B;形容词性物主代词后面必须后跟名词,相当于名词性物主代词,才能作主语,宾语或表语,故答案为D。
点睛:形容词性物主代词在句中通常作定语修饰名词,不能单独使用,如:My math teacher is very kind. 需要注意的是名词前如果已经有了形容词性物主代词,名词前就不能再用冠词或指示代词来修饰了,如:This is his a book.就是一个错误的句子,必须去掉a。形容词性物主代词+名词,相当于名词性物主代词,在句中作主语,宾语或表语,如:This book is mine. (表语) The school bag is not Liu Mei’s. Hers is blue. (主语)
( )18.My hair is long but_________ is short.
A.your B.she C.her D.hers
【答案】D
【详解】此题重点考查名词性的物主代词的基本用法。名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+名词。
19.—Are these books__________?
—No, they aren’t. They are Linda’s.
A.your B.her C.yours D.he
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这些书是你的吗?——不,它们不是。它们是琳达的。A. your你的,形容词性物主代词;B. her她的;C. yours你的,名词性物主代词;D. he他。your, her为形容词性物主代词,后面必须跟名词,首先排除;he是主格,用作主语,此句缺少表语,故答案为C。yours=your books。
点睛:人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格);物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词用作定语,修饰名词,如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。
( )20.Some of the books belong to me, while the rest are________.
A.him and hers B.his and her C.him and her D.his and hers
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这书中的一些是我的,其余的是他的和她的。
考查代词的辨析。him他,人称代词的宾格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;his他的,名词性物主代词;her她的,形容词性物主代词或宾格。根据上文“Some of the books belong to me”可知,下文是剩下的是他的和她的。此处用名词性物主代词作表语,his相当于his books;hers相当于her books。故选D。
Unit 2 More than fun
There be句型
㈠、定义
某地有某人/某物。表示“有......”
㈡、结构
There be + 名词 +地点.
Be指 is和are,单数和不可数用is;复数用are
㈢、就近原则(谁离be动词近,就看谁)
There is a teacher and two students in the classroom.
There aretwo students and a teacher in the classroom.
㈣、there be 和 have 的区别
There be:某地有某物或某人,表示存在
Eg: There is a bridge over the river.
Have:某人有某物,主语是人, 有时也可以是物。当主语是单三时用has
Eg: I have a book. He has a book.
表示“构成”关系时,have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思,可以进行同义句转换。
A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
㈤、there be句型转换
1.肯定句单数句变复数句
1 is 变成 are
2 a 变成some
3 名词单数变名词复数
2、肯定句变否定句
1 Be后加not is isn't are aren't
2 some变any
3、肯定句变一般疑问句
1 be动词提前
2 some变any
当堂训练
( )1.(2022广西贵港中考)—There______a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great We can't wait!
A. is B was C. will be D. will have
C 考查there be句型及一般将来时。由时间状语tomorrow afternoon可知要用一般将来时,there will be句型,表示“有……”,符合语境。故选C。
( )2. (2022湖北恩施中考) There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
A 考查there be句型的就近原则。句意:冰箱里有一些牛奶和几个苹果。 there be句型遵循“就近原则”,离be动词最近的名词milk是不可数名词,所以be要用is,故选A。
( )3.(2022贵州黔东南中考)In our school library, there__________ a number of books on art. The number of the books__________ still growing larger and larger.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are
B考查there be句型以及主谓一致。句意:在我们图书馆,有大量的关于美术的书,书的数量一直在增长。a number of意为“大量”,后跟名词复数,第一个空用are;the number of...表示“……的数量”,强调的是number,看作单数,第二个空用is。故选B。
( )4. (2022湖南邵阳中考)—A pandemic(疫情) broke out in Shaoyang last month.
—Yeah.______were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us.
A. They B. There C. Those
B 考查there be句型。句意:有这么多医生和护士来帮助我们。There be句型表示有。故选B。
( )5. (2021广西河池) There _____ a concert in our school hall next week.
A. is B. was C. will be D. will have
C考察there be句型,空格后是a concert一场音乐会,是单数,又因为next week,是将来时间,所以选择C。
( )6. (2023广西柳州)34. There _____ a TV set in the room.
A. be B. is C. are
B 考察there be句型就近一致,空格后是a TV,一台电视,所以是单数is,选B。
( )7. (2023四川乐山) 34. —There _____ a basketball game against Class Two this Sunday.
—I see. I will come and cheer you on.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have
B考察there be句型及就近一致,句意是“本周日和二班有一场篮球比赛”。表示某地有某物。用there be句型,又因为空格后是a basketball game,是单数be,及时间状语this Sunday,是一般将来时,所以选择B。
( )8. (2023新疆) There _____ an English show this weekend. Shall we go and watch it?
A. are going to be B. was C. will be D. were
C 考察there be句型,空格后是an English show,所以是单数,排除A.又因为时间this weekend,是将来时间,排除选项B和D,所以选择C。
( )9. (2023四川广元改编)There _____ fifty students in this class, three fifths of them are boys,so the number of the boys is 30.
A. is B. are C.were D. was
B 考察there be句型,空格后是fifty students,是复数,排除A.又因为下文中用一般现在时are和is,排除选项C和D。所以选B。
( )10. (2024·贵州毕节改编) There _____ a restaurant on North Street. It is the most famous one here.
A. was B.is going to be C.is D. are
C.考察there be句型,空格后是a restaurant,是单数,排除D.又因为下文中用一般现在时is,排除选项A和B。所以选C。
( )11.There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
A.is B.have C.are D.has
C 【详解】句意:在我们学校的阅览室里有很多新杂志。
考查there be句型与主谓一致。根据“There”可知,本句为there be结构,不与have/has连用,are用于there be句型主语为复数时,is用于there be句型主语为单数或不可数名词时,此句主语magazines为可数名词复数形式,因此be动词用are。故选C。
( )12.—Sam, is there a music hall in your school?
—________. It’s on the right of the science building.
A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t
C.Yes, it is D.No, it isn’t
A 【详解】句意:——萨姆,你们学校有音乐厅吗?——是的,有。它在科学大楼的右边。
考查一般疑问句。Yes, there is是的,有;No, there isn’t不,没有;Yes, it is是的,它是;No, it isn’不,它不是。根据“is there a music hall in your school”可知,对there be句型的肯定回答为Yes, there be,否定回答为No, there be not;根据“It’s on the right of the science building.”可知,学校有音乐厅,因此应用肯定回答。故选A。
( )13.There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk now.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
C 【详解】句意:现在老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。
考查there be句型的用法。根据“There…some beautiful flowers”可知,该句是there be句型,且设空处后是复数,排除选项AB;结合“now”可知,该句是一般现在时。故选C。
( )14.There ________ an art festival in our school.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
A 【详解】句意:我们学校有一个艺术节。
考查there be句型。there be句型表示“有……”,不和have/has连用;根据“an art festival”可知,主语是单数,be动词用is。故选A。
( )15.—There ________ a new library in our city.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.was D.will be
D 【详解】句意:——我们城市将会有一个新的图书馆。——真的吗?我等不及要去看了。
考查There be句型的时态。there be句型不和have连用,排除B;主语是单数名词“a new library”,排除A;根据“Really? I can’t wait to see it.”结合语境可知,句子使用一般将来时。故选D。
二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.There_______ (be) some glass on the floor. Be careful!
is 【详解】句意:地板上有一些玻璃。小心!根据“There … some glass on the floor.”可知,此处为there be句型,时态应用一般现在时,主语some glass为不可数名词,因此用is。故填is。
2.There_______ (be) some apples and a pear in the fridge.
Are 【详解】句意:冰箱里有一些苹果和一个梨。根据所给句子可知,此处为there be句型的肯定句,时态应用一般现在时,离be动词最近的主语“some apples”为复数形式,因此用are。
3.Look! There _______ (be) a little girl in the room.
is【详解】句意:看!房间里有一个小女孩。根据“Look! There … a little girl in the room.”可知,此处应为there be句型的肯定句,时态为一般现在时,主语a little girl为第三人称单数形式,因此用is。故填is。
4.There_______ (be) some meat in the soup.
Is 【详解】句意:这道汤里有一些肉。本句是There be句型,时态是一般现在时,主语some meat是不可数名词,故be动词用is。故填is。
5.There_______ (be) rice, meat and vegetables in the fridge.
Is 【详解】句意为:冰箱里有米饭、肉和蔬菜。There be句型遵循“就近原则”,rice为不可数名词,且时态为一般现在时,be动词用is。故填is。
6.—What’s on the desk?
—There_______ (be) a pen, a ruler and some books on it.
Is 【详解】句意:——桌子上有什么?——上面有一支钢笔,一把尺子和一些书。There be“有”,其中be动词的选择应遵循“就近原则”。本句时态为一般现在时,设空处后名词pen为单数,所以be动词用is。故填is。
7.There_______ (be) a nice concert in the hall.
Is 【详解】句意:大厅里有一场很好的音乐会。根据句意可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“a nice concert”,所以此处应用be动词is。故填is。
8._______ (be) there any toy shops in the supermarket?
Are 【详解】句意:超市里有玩具店吗?根据“there any toy shops”可知,此句为there be结构,主语“any toy shops”表示复数,此句为一般现在时,be动词用are,故填Are。
9.There_______ (be) three pieces of bread on the plate.
are【详解】句意:盘子里面有三块面包。分析句子可知,此处是there be句型,应采用就近原则,由“three pieces of bread”可知,be动词应用are。故填are。
10.There_______ (be) a guitar and some books on the table.
is【详解】句意:桌子上有一把吉他和一些书。此句是一般现在时,there be遵循“就近原则”,离be动词最近的主语guitar是单数形式,be动词用is,故填is。
Unit 3 Family ties
名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,其后可直接接名词,意为“某人/物的···”
英语中名词后加上-’s便构成所有格,表明一种所有关系,这种所有格形式叫"-’s所有格"。
-’s所有格的构成如下:
构成
示例
一般情况下在名词词尾加-’s
Bob’s sister鲍勃的姐姐
my father’s room 我父亲的房间
名词是以-s或-es结尾的复数词尾,直接在其后加-’
the boys’ books男孩子们的书
不以-s结尾的复数名词直接在其后加-’s
Children’s Day儿童节
共同拥有时,在最后一个名词后加-’s
Mike and Alan’s room迈克和艾伦两人的房间
各自所有时,在每个名词后加-’s
Mary’s and Cindy’s mothers 玛丽的妈妈和辛迪的妈妈
1.名词所有格也可以用 the +名词+of+所有者来表示,多用于表示无生命事物的名词的所属关系。
如:the name of the cat, the roof of the house
2.名词所有格所修饰的名词,如果表示店铺,教堂,医院或某人家时,该名词可省略,如: my aunt’s (我阿姨家) , the doctor’s (诊所), at the barber’s/tailor’s/butcher’s(在理发店/裁缝店/肉铺)等
3)双重所有格:即of +名词所有格/名词性物主代词
如: a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
当堂训练
( )1.June 1st is ________ Day.
A.Child B.Children C.Children’s D.Childrens’
C【详解】句意:6月1日是儿童节。
考查名词所有格。Child儿童,名词单数;Children儿童,名词复数;Children’s名词复数所有格;Childrens’表达错误。儿童节是所有孩子的节日,应用名词复数形式children;根据空后“Day”可知,此处应用所有格形式Children’s作定语,修饰名词Day。故选C。
( )2.That’s _________ bedroom. They share the same bedroom.
A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy and Lily C.Lucy’s and Lily D.Lucy and Lily’s
D 【详解】句意:那是露西和莉莉的卧室。她们共用一间卧室。
考查所有格。Lucy’s and Lily’s露西的和莉莉的;Lucy and Lily露西和莉莉; Lucy’s and Lily露西的和莉莉; Lucy and Lily’s露西和莉莉的。根据“They share the same bedroom.”可知,她们共享一间卧室,因此表示两个人共同的。故选D。
( )3.I share my living room with a friend of _________.
A.me B.mine C.my D.myself
B 【详解】句意:我和我的一个朋友共用客厅。
考查代词辨析。me我,人称代词宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词。根据“I share my living room with a friend of...”可知,此处指“我的一个朋友”,应用“of+名词性物主代词”的双重所有格表达。故选B。
( )4.Mrs. Robinson is a teacher of _______. We all like her so much.
A.us B.our C.we D.ours
D 【详解】句意:罗宾逊夫人是我们的一位老师。我们都很喜欢她。
考查双重所有格。us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;we我们,主格;ours名词性物主代词。根据“Mrs. Robinson is a teacher of…”可知,罗宾逊夫人是我们的老师。结合空格后没有名词判断,此处是双重所有格:of+名词性物主代词,故选D。
( )5.My Country, My Parents《我和我的父辈》is the name ________ a movie (电影).
A.in B.on C.of
C 【详解】句意:《我和我的父辈》是电影的名字。
考查介词。in在……里面;on在……上面;of属于……的。根“the name...a movie”可知,指的是属于电影的名字,用of所有格结构。故选C。
( )6.That new car is ________. It’s their________ car.
A.my father and my mother’s; the first
B.my father and my mother’s; first
C.my father’s and my mother’s; the first
D.my father’s and my mother’s; first
B 【详解】句意:那辆新车是我父母的。这是他们的第一辆车。
考查名词所有格和序数词。主语That new car是单数形式,可知是两人共同拥有的一辆车,所以在最后一个名词后加“-’s”即可,排除选项C、D;序数词前已经有形容词性物主代词their,不再加定冠词the,排除选项A。故选B。
( )7.—________ is this computer?
—I have no idea. It seems to be ________.
A.Who; Mike sister B.Who’s; Mike’s sister
C.Which; Mike sister’s D.Whose; Mike’s sister’s
D【详解】句意:——这台电脑是谁的?——我不知道。它似乎是迈克的妹妹的。
考查特殊疑问句及名词所有格。who谁;who’s谁是;which哪一个;whose谁的。根据“...is this computer?”可知,第一空询问电脑是谁的,应用whose;回答whose用名词所有格,第二空表示“迈克的妹妹的(电脑)”,应用Mike’s sister’s。故选D。
( )8.Our Chinese teacher not only teaches ________ Chinese and also a friend of ________.
A.our; us B.our; ours C.us; us D.us; ours
D 【详解】句意:我们的语文老师不仅教我们汉语,也是我们的朋友。
考查代词辨析。our我们的,形容词性物主代词;us我们,人称代词宾格;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据“Our Chinese teacher not only teaches…Chinese”可知,teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,动词后要用人称代词宾格作宾语,排除A、B项;再根据“a friend of…”可知,“名词+of+名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格,因此第二空要用名词性物主代词ours。故选D。
( )9.—David, your English teacher leaves the book in the classroom.
—It isn’t _______. I think it’s _______.
A.he’s; Neil’s B.him; Neil C.his; Neil’s D.his; Neil
C 【详解】句意:——戴维,你的英语老师把书忘在教室里了。——这不是他的。我想是尼尔的。
考查代词辨析和名词所有格。he’s他是;him他;his他的。根据“It isn’t...I think it’s...”可知,第一空指的是 “他的”,空后没有名词,应用名词性物主代词his;第二空指的是“尼尔的(书)”,应用所有格形式,故选C。
( )10.—How ________ is it from here to Beijing?
—It’s about ten ________ train ride.
A.long, hour’s B.far, hour’s C.long, hours’ D.far, hours’
D
【详解】句意:——从这到北京有多远?——坐火车大约十个小时。
考查疑问词组及名词所有格。how long多长时间;how far多远。根据“It’s about ten…train ride.”可知上文是问距离,表达“多远”,用how far,又由“train ride”可知此处用名词所有格,空前有ten。此处应用复数名词,因此用hours’。故选D。
( )11.—Do you know __________ boy standing at the gate of the school?
—Of course. He is a classmate of __________.
A.a; me B.the; me C.a; mine D.the; mine
D【详解】句意:——你知道站在学校门前的那个男孩吗?——当然。他是我的一个同学。
考查冠词和代词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指;the定冠词,表特指;me我,宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据“boy standing at the gate of the school”可知,特指站在门前的男孩,用定冠词the;第二空处是双重所有格形式,即of+名词性物主代词。故选D。
( )12.—Dad, is this ________ volleyball?
—No, ________ is in that box.
A.Bill; his B.Bill’s; his C.Bill; he D.Bill’s; he
B【详解】句意:——爸爸,这是比尔的排球吗?——不,他的在那个盒子里。
考查名词所有格和代词辨析。his他的;he他。第一空是作定语,需用Bill的所有格形式,排除AC项;第二空是指他的排球,应用名词性物主代词his,故选B。
( )13.Is he a friend of ________?
A.my B.him C.hers D.you
C 【详解】句意:他是她的一个朋友吗?
考查代词用法。my我的,为形容词性物主代词;him他,为宾格;hers她的,为名词性物主代词;you你,你们,为主格。a friend of+名词性物主代词,表示“……的一个朋友”。故选C。
( )14.It’s ________ room. It’s big and nice.
A.Alice’s and Gina’s B.Alice’s and Gina
C.Alice and Gina’s D.Alice and Gina
C 【详解】句意:这是爱丽丝和吉娜的房间。它又大又漂亮。
考查-’s名词所有格的用法。空处修饰名词room,应使用名词所有格,表示所属关系;根据“It’s big and nice.”可知,这是爱丽丝和吉娜共同拥有的一个房间,所以后一个人名使用名词所有格。故选C。
( )15.________ grandfathers are walking slowly along the avenue.
A.Tom and Tim’s B.Tom’s and Tim’s C.Tom’s and Tim D.Tom and Tim
B【详解】句意:汤姆的爷爷和蒂姆的爷爷沿着大街慢慢地走着。
考查名词所有格。根据“grandfathers”可知,不止一个爷爷,所以是两个人分开的,在人称后分别加所有格,故选B。
( )16.These two women are ________ mothers.
A.Mike and Jane’s B.Mike’s and Jane C.Mike’s and Jane’s
C【详解】句意:这两位女人是Mike和Jane的妈妈。
考查所有格。根据“These two women”可知,此处表示分别拥有,即:Mike的妈妈和Jane的妈妈,要在两个名词后各自加’s。故选C。
( )17.________ mothers are in the school library now.
A.Lily’s and Lucy’s B.Lily and Lucy
C.Lily and Lucy’s
A【详解】句意:莉莉的妈妈和露西的妈妈现在在学校图书馆里。
考查名词所有格。根据“mothers are”可知,这里指的是丽丽的妈妈和露西的妈妈,所以需要给两个人名字后面都加’s,表示两个人各自的妈妈。故选A。
( )18.—Is this your room?
—No, it isn’t. It’s my ________ room. My mother and father live in it.
A.parents’ B.parent’s C.parent D.parent’
A【详解】句意:——这是你的房间吗?——不,不是。这是我父母的房间。我的妈妈和爸爸住在里面。
考查名词所有格。根据“My mother and father live in it.”可知这是父亲和母亲的房间,用复数名词的所有格,即parents’。故选A。
( )19.—Is this ________ English dictionary?
—No, ________ is on the desk.
A.Grace; her B.Grace; hers C.Grace’s; her D.Grace’s; hers
D【详解】句意:——这是格蕾丝的英文字典吗?——不是,她的(字典)在桌上。
考查名词所有格和名词性物主代词的用法。Grace’s格蕾丝的;her她的(形容词性物主代词,其后要接名词);hers她的(名词性物主代词,其后不接名词)。结合选项和“...English dictionary”可知,第一空应填Grace’s“格蕾丝的”,表示格蕾丝的英文字典;第二空后没有名词,结合选项,应填名词性物主代词hers。故选D。
( )20.—Is Mrs Green ______ mother?
—Yes, and she is also our English teacher.
A.Jan and Jill B.Jan’s and Jill C.Jan and Jill’s D.Jan’s and Jill’s
C【详解】句意:——格林太太是简和吉尔的妈妈吗?——是的,她也是我们的英语老师。
考查名词所有格。空后是名词,此处用名词所有格;根据“Is Mrs Green...”可知此处指两人共同的妈妈,只在最后一个名词后加所有格。故选C。
( )21._______ Day is on March 8th and _______ Day is on September 10th.
A.Women’s; Teacher’s B.Women’s; Teachers’
C.Woman’s; Teacher’s D.Woman’s; Teachers’
B【详解】句意:妇女节在3月8号,教师节在9月10号。
考查名词所有格。3月8号是妇女节,即Women’s Day,9月10号是教师节,即Teachers’ Day。故选B。
( )22.______ mothers can’t go to school today. They’re very busy.
A.Tom and Mike B.Tom’s and Mike
C.Tom and Mike’s D.Tom’s and Mike’s
D【详解】句意:汤姆的妈妈和迈克的妈妈今天没有去学校。她们非常忙。
考查名词所有格。Tom and Mike汤姆和迈克;Tom’s and Mike汤姆的和迈克;Tom and Mike’s汤姆和迈克共同的;Tom’s and Mike’s汤姆的和迈克的,表示各自的。根据代词they可知,此处指两个人各自的妈妈,故选D。
( )23.—Where is my hat, mom?
—I think it’s in your ______ room. Your grandpa and grandma like it very much.
A.grandparent B.grandparents C.grandparent’s D.grandparents’
D 【详解】句意: ——妈妈,我的帽子在哪里?——我想它在你的祖父母的房间里。你的祖父和祖母非常喜欢它。
考查名词所有格。grandparent祖父或祖母;grandparents祖父母;grandparent’s祖父或祖母的;grandparents’祖父母的。根据“Your grandpa and grandma”可知,是两个人,所以用复数,且空处在句中作定语,所以用名词所有格形式,故选D。
( )24.Do you know all the _______ names in your class?
A.student B.students C.student’s D.students’
D【详解】句意:你知道你班上所有学生的名字吗?
考查名词所有格。根据“all the ... names”可知是指所有学生的名字,应用名词复数的所有格形式,故选D。
( )25.—Is this ________ iphone 14? It’s so cool!
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________.
A.Tina’s; his B.Tina’s; him C.Tina; his D.Tina; him
A【详解】句意:——这是Tina的iphone14吗?它太酷了!——不,它不是。它是他的。
考查名词所有格以及物主代词。his他的,物主代词;him宾格。第一空修饰名词“iphone 14”,应填名词所有格。第二空指“他的iphone14”,空格后无名词,应填名词性物主代词,故选A。
Unit 4 Time to celebrate
频度副词
1.副词的概念
是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词,用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
副词可分为:时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序的副词以及表完成的副词。
频度副词
always
总是,一直
100%
usually
通常
80%左右
often
经常
50%
sometimes
有时
20%
seldom
很少
5%
never
从不,绝不
0%
注意:这些频度副词所代表的大致频率顺序:always > usually > often > sometimes > never。
2. 频度副词在句子中的位置
频度副词通常位于系动词、助动词、情态动词之后,或者行为动词之前。
1)在系动词之后
例句:He is often late for school. 他经常上学迟到。
2)在助动词之后
例句:I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. 我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
3)在情态动词之后
例句:You must always respect others. 你必须总是尊重他人。
4)在行为动词之前
例句:We often visit our grandparents. 我们经常去看望爷爷奶奶。
注意:
1)“sometimes”可以放在句首、句中或句末,而“often”也可以放在句末。
例句:
Sometimes I go for a run in the morning. 我有时候早上会去跑步。
I go to bed late often. 我经常晚睡。
2)如果句子中有两个助动词,频度副词通常放在第一个助动词后面。
例句:“We have never been allowed to stay up late. 我们从未被允许晚睡。
3)用How often对频率副词进行提问. 即:做某事的频率
I sometimes visit my grandparents.
How often do you visit your grandparents?
一般现在时
一、一般现在时的概念
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作。
二、一般现在时的用法
1、表示经常或者反复发生的动作.如:我每天做作业. I do my homework every day.
2、表示现在的状态、客观事实、真理或自然现象。如:我的姑姑是一位老师.My aunt is a teacher.
3、表示真理或自然现象。如:地球绕着太阳转:The earth moves around the sun.
三、时间标志词:
1) always, usually, often , sometimes , seldom , never, hardly ever
2) once a day , twice a week , three times a year
3) every morning, every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning
4) on Sundays, at weekends
四、一般现在时的结构
1. 谓语是be(am/is/are)的一般现在时。
①肯定形式:主语+be+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。
I am hungry.
②否定形式:主语+be+not+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)。
I am not hungry.
③一般疑问句形式:Be+主语+表语(形容词、名词充当表语)?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.
否定回答:No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t.
—Are you hungry?
—Yes,I am./ No, I'm not.
④特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句?
—What is he?
—He is a doctor.
注意:be要随着主语变。
2. 谓语动词是实义动词的一般现在时。
什么是实义动词?实义动词是有实际意义的动词,也被称为行为动词,用于表示行为、动作。实义动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词可以直接加宾语,而不及物动词不能。
1 肯定形式:主语+实义动词原形/三单(+其他)
They like eating apples.
She likes eating apples.
动词第三人称单数形式的构成和读音
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”,在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。如:
①stop-stops[s]; make -makes[s]
②read-reads[z]; play -plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz]如:
Fly -flies[z]; carry-carries [z] study-studies[z]; worry-worries[z]
3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz]如:
Teach –teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z]如:go - goes[z] do-does[z]
不规则变化 have-has
2 否定形式:主语+don’t/doesn’t+实义动词原形+…
She doesn’t like eating apples. They don’t like eating apples.
3 一般疑问句形式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形(+其他)
肯定回答:Yes,主语+do/does.
否定回答是:No, 主语+ don't/doesn't.
Do they like eating apples?
Does she like eating apples?
4 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句?
特殊疑问句构成:疑问词+ 一般疑问句?
What do they like eating?
What does she like eating?
注意:根据主语确定用do还是does。
助动词do/does
助动词通常辅助主要动词表现时态、语态以及变成否定、疑问句结构等,它不能离开主要动词单独使用。
除了主语是第三人称单数时用does,其余人称都用do。
3. 谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。
①肯定形式:主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+......。
I can finish my homework.
②否定形式:主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+......。
I can't finish my homework.
③一般疑问句形式:情态动词Can/May.....+主语+动词原形+主语+.......。
肯定回答是:Yes,主语+情态动词.
否定回答是:No, 主语+ 情态动词+not.
—Can you finish your homework?
—Yes,I can./No, I can't.
④特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句?
—What can you do?
—I can do my homework.
注意:情态动词can/may.....+动词原形
当堂训练
( )1.Jack is full of energy because he ________ eats fast food and always exercises.
A.always B.usually
C.seldom D.often
C【详解】句意:杰克精力充沛,因为他很少吃快餐,而且总是锻炼。
考查副词辨析。always总是;usually通常;seldom很少;often经常。根据“Jack is full of energy”可知,他很少吃快餐。故选C。
( )2.—Do you know the story of Dong Lina?
—Yes, she can’t see the world, but she ________ stops feeling the world.
A.never B.sometimes C.always D.seldom
A【详解】句意:——你知道董丽娜的故事吗?——是的,她看不见这个世界,但她从未停止感受这个世界。
考查副词辨析。never从不;sometimes有时;always总是;seldom很少。根据“she can’t see the world, but...”可知,董丽娜虽然看不见,但一直在感受世界,应用never表示“从不停止”。故选A。
( )3.—Jack looks strong.
—Yes. He is a superman! He ________ goes to the doctor.
A.usually B.always C.seldom D.sometimes
C【详解】句意:——Jack看起来很强壮。——是的。他是个超人!他很少去看医生。
考查副词辨析。usually通常;always总是;seldom很少;sometimes有时。根据“Jack looks strong.”可知他身体状况良好,因此很少去看医生。故选C。
( )4.—________ your mother busy at the weekend?
—Yes. She ________ has lots of work to do.
A.Does; seldom B.Is; always C.Is; seldom D.Is; never
B【详解】句意:——你妈妈周末都很忙吗?——是的。她总是有很多工作要做。
考查一般疑问句与副词辨析。seldom很少;always总是;never从不;“busy”是形容词,此处是主系表结构的一般疑问句,应用is;根据回答Yes可知,此处是说她很忙,应该是“总是”有很多事情要做。故选B。
( )5.—You look strong and healthy. ________ do you do sports?
—I ________ play football after school every day.
A.How much; often B.How long; never
C.How often; usually D.How soon; sometimes
C【详解】句意:——你看起来强壮而且健康。你多久做一次运动?——我通常每天放学后踢足球。
考查特殊疑问词及频度副词。how much多少,对不可数名词数量提问,often经常;how long多久,对时间段提问,never从不;how often多久一次,对频率提问,usually通常;how soon多久以后,对“in+一段时间”提问,sometimes有时。根据答语“play football after school every day.”可知,是每天放学后踢足球,应用副词usually,对频率提问,应用how often,故选C。
( )6.Sandy is so careful that she ________ makes mistakes in her homework.
A.always B.seldom C.usually D.often
B【详解】句意:桑迪如此细心以至于很少在作业中出错。
考查频度副词。always总是;seldom很少;usually通常;often经常。根据“Sandy is so careful”可知,桑迪很细心,因此她在作业中“很少”出错。故选B。
( )7.Kate goes to school early every morning and she is ________ late for lessons.
A.always B.often C.sometimes D.never
D【详解】句意:Kate每天早上很早去学校,而且她从不迟到。
考查副词词义辨析。always总是;often经常;sometimes有时;never从不。根据“Kate goes to school early every morning”可知,她每个早上去学校很早,从不迟到。故选D。
( )8.—Do you often go to the sports club, Grace?
—No, ________. I don’t like sports at all.
A.always B.usually C.never
C【详解】句意:——你经常去体育俱乐部吗,Grace?——不,从来不去。我一点也不喜欢运动。
考查频率副词。always总是;usually通常;never从不。根据“I don’t like sports at all.”可知,一点也不喜欢运动,可见说话者应该从来都不去体育俱乐部。故选C。
( )9.Sally does well in her study, but ________ she is not very careful.
A.sometimes B.always C.usually
A【详解】句意:萨莉学习很好,但有时她不太小心。
考查副词词义辨析。sometimes有时;always总是;usually通常。根据“but”可知,此处句意发生了转折,表示有时发生的情况。故选A。
( )10.I ________ go roller skating on weekdays because I don’t have much time.
A.seldom B.sometimes C.often D.usually
A【详解】句意:我平时很少去滑旱冰,因为我没什么时间。
考查频率副词。seldom很少;sometimes有时;often经常;usually通常。根据“because I don’t have much time”可知,此处表示时间不多,因此很少去滑旱冰。故选A。
( )11.Jim ________ a book. It’s in the bag.
A.have B.has C.like D.haves
B【详解】句意:吉姆有一本书。它在包里。
考查动词辨析和主谓一致。have有;like喜欢。根据“a book. It’s in the bag.”可知是他有一本书,主语是Jim,谓语动词用单三has。故选B。
( )12.—Who ________ sports in your family?
—My father and I do.
A.like B.likes C.are like D.is like
B【详解】句意:——你们家谁喜欢运动?——我父亲和我喜欢。
考查时态和特殊疑问句。like喜欢,动词;likes为like的“三单”形式。根据“Who...sports in your family?”可知,句子为Who引导的特殊疑问句,且who充当疑问句的主语,视为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,空处动词用“三单”形式,likes为动词“三单”形式。故选B。
( )13.—Who is that lady?
—She is Miss Li. She ________ us English, and she always makes her class interesting.
A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.will teach
B【详解】句意:——那位女士是谁?——她是李老师。她教我们英语,她总是让她的课很有趣。
考查动词时态。根据“She is Miss Li. She …us English, and she always makes her class interesting.”可知,描述的是当前的事实情况,所以用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数She,动词用三单形式teaches。故选B。
( )14.Tom, ________ his classmates, ________ playing football after school.
A.like; like B.likes; likes C.likes; like D.like; likes
D【详解】句意:汤姆像他的同学一样,放学后喜欢踢足球。
考查like的用法。like喜欢,动词;像,介词。根据“his classmates”可知,此处指像他的同学们,用介词like 表示“像”;第二空后接的是playing,like doing sth“喜欢做某事”,因为主语Tom为第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
( )15.Bobby is cool. He is good at _________ and he also _________ well.
A.singing; dances B.singing; dancing C.sings; dancing D.sings; dance
A【详解】句意:鲍比很酷。他擅长唱歌,跳舞也跳得很好。
考查固定搭配。根据固定结构 be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”,故第一空用 singing;第二空前的“he”为第三人称单数,此处应用动词第三人称单数形式作谓语。故选A。
( )16.—________ your parents eat meat every day?
—Yes. But my sister only ________ vegetables.
A.Do; eat B.Do; eats C.Does; eat D.Does; eats
B【详解】句意:——你父母每天都吃肉吗?——是的。但是我妹妹只吃蔬菜。
考查助动词和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知,第一空是助动词do构成的一般疑问句,主语your parents是复数形式,所以用do;第二空主语my sister是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式eats。故选B。
( )17.—________ your father often ________ the housework at home?
—Yes. He helps my mother with it every day.
A.Does; does B.Is; doing C.Does; do D.Is; do
C【详解】句意:——你爸爸经常在家做家务吗?——是的。他每天都帮我妈妈做家务。
考查一般疑问句和动词原形。根据“often”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,且主语“your father”为第三人称单数形式,所以第一空应填助动词does,构成一般疑问句;第二空为谓语部分,应填动词原形do。故选C。
( )18.— Daniel, do you know the man over there?
— Oh, yes. He is Mr Wu. He ________ us English this term.
A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.taught
B【详解】句意:——丹尼尔,你认识那边那个人吗?——哦,是的。他就是吴先生。这学期他教我们英语。
考查时态辨析。根据“He…us English this term.”可知,此处指的是这个学期他教我们英语,句子时态为一般现在时,主语He“他”,第三人称单数作主语,谓语动词应为三单形式。teach“教”,其三单形式“teaches”,符合语境。故选B。
( )19.My brother ________ play football. He ________ volleyball.
A.isn’t; plays B.is; play C.doesn’t; plays D.don’t; play
C【详解】句意:我哥哥不踢足球。他打排球。
考查否定句及主谓一致。isn’t不是,be动词否定形式;plays玩,踢(足球),打(排球),动词三单形式;is是,be动词肯定形式;play玩,动词原形;doesn’t不,助动词does的否定形式,后接实义动词;don’t不,助动词do的否定形式。分析题干,可知第一句中“play”为实义动词,且主语“My brother”为第三人称单数,应用助动词does的否定形式doesn’t构成否定句;第二句主语“He”为第三人称单数形式,根据主谓一致原则可知,谓语动词应用三单形式。故选C。
( )20.—Are your parents at home?
—Yes, they are. They often ________ TV at home on Friday evening.
A.watch B.watches C.are watching D.is watching
A【详解】句意:——你父母在家吗?——是的,他们在。他们星期五晚上经常在家看电视。
考查时态。根据“often”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,They作主语,谓语动词应用动词原形,此处应用watch。故选A。
( )21.The weather ________ very often in the UK. It’s sunny one minute, but rainy the next.
A.changing B.changes C.doesn’t change D.don’t change
B【详解】句意:英国的天气经常变化。前一分钟天气晴朗,下一分钟就下雨了。
考查动词的时态。change“改变”,由语境可知,此处表示客观情况,用一般现在时,主语是the weather,谓语动词用单三,且句意为肯定句,故填changes。故选B。
( )22.Bill ________ his room every day, so his room is very ________.
A.clean; clean B.cleans; cleans C.cleans; clean D.clean; cleans
C【详解】句意:比尔每天打扫他的房间,所以他的房间非常干净。
考查主谓一致和形容词的用法。根据“every day”可知,句子时态是一般现在时,主语是Bill,谓语动词用单数第三人称cleans;第二个空处缺表语,用形容词clean作表语,意为“干净的”。故选C。
( )23.The name “Rose” often _________ beauty and love.
A.means B.mean C.meant D.meaning
A【详解】句意:“玫瑰”这个名字常常意味着美丽和爱情。
考查一般现在时。根据“often”可知,该句表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态,应用一般现在时。主语“The name”是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式means。故选A。
( )24.My grandparents ________ in the countryside.
A.live B.lives C.living D.to live
A【详解】句意:我的祖父母住在乡下。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句缺少谓语动词,可排除CD选项;主语是“My grandparents”,谓语动词需用原形。故选A。
( )25.They ________ to the park on Sundays. They like the fresh air there.
A.often go B.go often C.often goes D.goes often
A【详解】句意:他们经常在周日去公园。他们喜欢那里的新鲜空气。
考查副词短语辨析和主谓一致。根据句意和句子结构,此处描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作,应用一般现在时,主语They是复数,所以谓语动词应用原形,副词often应置于实义动词go之前。故选A。
Unit 5 Fantastic friends
现在进行时
现在进行时可表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。现在进行时主要体现在谓语动词的形式上。
一、肯定句式:“be (am / is / are)+动词-ing形式”。如:
Daming is having lunch. 大明正在吃午餐。
Tony is eating a delicious ice cream. 托尼正在吃美味的冰激凌。
He is playing football in the playground. 他正在操场踢足球。
I am doing my homework in my room. 我正在房间做作业。
★★★动词-ing 形式的变化规律有4种:
1. 一般情况下,动词后直接加-ing。如:
walk→walking,buy→buying,visit→visiting,talk→talking,say→saying,speak→speaking
2. 以字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing。如:
take→taking,have→having,leave→leaving,drive→driving,write→writing,make→making
3. 以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”的重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母再加-ing。如:
stop→stopping,shop→shopping,sit→sitting,get→getting
4. 特殊变化。如:
lie→lying, die-dying
二、否定句式:“be (am / is / are)+not+动词-ing形式”。
现在进行时的否定句是在be (am / is / are)后直接加not,is not 可缩写为isn't,are not 可缩写为aren't,但am not不可以缩写。例如:
He is not (isn't) playing football in the playground. 此时他不在操场上踢足球。
I'm not doing my homework in my room. 我没在房间写作业。
They are not (aren't) waiting in front of the cinema. 他们不在电影院前等人。
三、疑问句形式:
一般疑问句直接将be动词提到句子开头,
一般疑问句
回答
Is she cleaning the house?
Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.
Are you getting ready for the Spring Festival?
Yes, I am./ No, I’m not..
Are they sweeping the floor?
Yes, they are./ No, thye aren’t.
Are the boys making lanterns?
Yes, they are./ No, thye aren’t.
特殊疑问句:选择特殊疑问词+一般疑问句形式
如果问对方在做什么?用What are you doing?
如果问其他人在做什么?What is he/she doing?/What are they doing?
三、使用场合
1. 当句中出现时间状语now, at the moment(目前),at this moment(此刻)时,用现在进行时。如:
She is searching for information on the Internet now. 她现在正在网上搜索信息。
2. 当句中出现look, listen等时,用现在进行时。如:
Look! Some children are drawing under the trees. 看!一些孩子正在树下画画。
3. 根据语境判断用现在进行时。如:
—Is Mr. Black in the classroom? 布莱克老师在教室吗?
—Oh, he is talking with Jim in his office. 噢,他正在办公室和吉姆谈话。
当堂训练
( )1.(2023·河北·统考中考真题)Some students ________ Taiji over there. Let’s go and join them.
A.play B.played C.are playing D.were playing
【答案】C句意:有些学生在那边打太极。让我们去加入他们吧。
考查时态。根据“Let’s go and join them.”可知他们正在打太极,可以去加入他们,故时态用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选C。
( )2.(2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题)—Sorry, I can’t hear you clearly. I ________ a football match.
—OK. I’ll ring you up later.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.was watching
【答案】C句意:——对不起,我听不清你说什么。我正在看一场足球赛。——好的。我稍后给你打电话。考查时态。根据“I can’t hear you clearly”可知因为正在看球赛,所以没有听清对方所说的话,故此处用现在进行时am/is/are doing。故选C。
( )3.(2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题)Look! Our Chinese teacher ______ a talk in the meeting room.
A.gave B.is giving C.gives
【答案】B句意:看!我们的语文老师正在会议室做报告。
考查时态。根据“Look!”可知,该句为现在进行时,其结构为“am/is/are+动词现在分词”,主语为“Our Chinese teacher”,be动词用is,故选B。
( )4.(2023·江西·统考中考真题)—What’s that noise, Tom?
—Oh, some children ________ in the yard.
A.play B.are playing C.played D.will play
【答案】B句意:——Tom,那是什么声音?——哦,一些孩子们在院子里玩。
考查动词时态。根据“What’s that noise”可知,询问正在发出的声音是什么,所以答语用现在进行时的结构,故选B。
( )5.(2023·安徽·统考中考真题)— Jim, I’ve got a problem with my car. Could you help me?
— Sorry, not right now. I ________ a short video.
A.make B.have made C.am making D.was making
【答案】C句意:——Jim,我的车出问题了。你能帮我吗?——对不起,现在不行。我正在做一个短视频。考查动词时态。根据“Sorry, not right now. I … a short video”可知,现在正在制作短视频,用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,故选C。
( )6.(2023·云南·统考中考真题)—Where is your brother?
—Look! He ________ basketball on the playground.
A.plays B.played C.is playing D.was playing
【答案】C句意:——你哥哥在哪里?——看!他正在操场上打篮球。
考查动词时态。根据“Where is your brother?”以及“Look!”可知此处是指哥哥正在操场上打篮球,应用现在进行时,故选C。
( )7.(2023·四川达州·统考中考真题)—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash?
—Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now.
A.couldn’t, am doing B.can’t, am doing C.can’t, do
【答案】B句意:——杰克,你能帮我倒垃圾吗?——对不起,我不能,妈妈。我现在正在做作业。
考查情态动词及动词时态。对“could you please…”的肯定回答是Yes, I can,否定回答是Sorry, I can’t。根据“now”可知,“我”现在正在做作业,应为现在进行时。故选B。
( )8.(2022北京中考)The workers_________ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning C. will clean D. are cleaning
【答案】D 考查现在进行时态。句意:现在工人们正在清扫社区中心。由时间状语now可知本句应用现在进行时态表达“此刻正在发生的动作”。故选D。
( )9. (2022湖南郴州中考) —Is your father at home, Jill?
—No. He _______ his car outside.
A. was washing B. will wash C. is washing
【答案】C 考查动词时态。句意:—吉尔,你爸爸在家吗?—不,他正在外面洗车。根据句子的语境可知用现在进行时,故选C。
( )10. (2022辽宁本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛中考) —Why is Kate absent from class?
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A. was attending B. attended C. is attending D. attends
【答案】C 考查现在进行时。句意:——凯特为什么没来上课?——哦,她正在参加会议。根据“Why is Kate absent from class?”可知,凯特没上课是因为此时她正在参加一个会议,应用现在进行时,结构:be doing。故选C。
( )11. (2022内蒙古包头) —You look pretty busy. What’s up?
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared C. are preparing D. were preparing
【答案】C 考查动词时态。句意:——你看起来非常忙碌。怎么了?——我们正在准备这个星期五晚上的办公室聚会。大约有三十个人参加,我是组织者。根据“You look pretty busy”可知,句子表达正在忙碌的事情,用现在进行时,表达“准备”,动词用“are preparing”。故选C。
( )12.(2022·四川凉山州中考)—Paul, where’s your mom?
—She ________ for us in the kitchen now.
A. will cook B. cooks C. is cooking
【答案】C 考查动词时态。句意:——保罗,你妈妈呢?——她现在正在厨房给我们做饭。考查时态。根据“where’s your mom”和“She...for us in the kitchen now.”可知,此处强调动作正在发生,用现在进行时,故选C。
( )13. (2022·湖北黄冈) — Hello! May I speak to Kate?
—Sorry, she isn't in. She _______ ping-pong outside.
A. is playing B. plays C. played D. will play
【答案】A 考查动词时态。is playing是现在进行时的谓语;plays是一般现在时的谓语;played是一般过去时的谓语;will play是一般将来时的谓语。结合答语前句“她不在家”可知,她正在外面找乒乓球,故用现在进行时。选A。
( )14. (2022·黑龙江绥化) Holly prefers(更喜欢) playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She ________ the piano in her room.
A. play; is playing B. playing; plays C. playing; is playing
【答案】C 句意:霍莉喜欢弹钢琴而不喜欢拉小提琴。听!她正在房间里弹钢琴。
考查非谓语及时态。prefer doing to doing“宁愿做……也不愿做……”,是固定短语,第一空用动名词形式;结合“Listen!”可知,第二空用现在进行时结构,故选C。
( )15. (2022云南昆明中考)— China's high-speed railway technology_______the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A. led B. was leading C. is leading D. will lead
【答案】C 考查时态。句意:中国的高铁技术现在引领世界。根据语境及时间状语now可知是现在进行时态,故选C。
( )16. (2022台湾) Have you found a summer job yet? Mr. Firth______ someone to take care of his kids during the vacation. Maybe you can talk to him.
A. has looked for B. is looking for C. looks for D. was looking for
【答案】B 考查动词时态。句意:你找到暑假工作了吗?夫斯先生正在找人在假期里照顾他的孩子,你可以和他谈谈。根据句意可知,夫斯先生正在找人,因此用现在进行时。
( )17. (2022 江西中考)— Sssh! Be quiet. I'm on the phone.
— Who ____you ___ to, mom?
A. do, speak B. are, speaking C. will, speak D. have, spoken
【答案】B 考查现在进行时。句意:—Sssh!安静点。我正在打电话。—妈妈,你正在和谁讲话?根据“I’m on the phone”可知,询问正在跟谁说话,用现在进行时be doing的结构。故选B项。
( )18. (2022甘肃武威、天水中考) We ______ a meeting. Come and join in.
A. were having B. are having C. had D. have been
【答案】B考查动词的时态。根据“Come and join in”可知,这里表示“我们作者正在开会”,所以建议“你加入进来”,此题应用现在进行时,其结构是“be doing”,表示说话瞬间正在发生或进行的动作,故选B。
( )19. (2022重庆A卷) —Excuse me, what is Nick doing?
—Look! He _______ flowers outside.
A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered
【答案】C 考查时态之现在进行时。根据问句“what is Nick doing”及标志词“Look”可知此处应是现在进行时。故选C。
( )20. (2022湖南邵阳中考)—Where's Anna, dear?
—She _____an online class in her room.
A. is taking B. takes C. will take
【答案】A. 考查动词时态。句意:她正在房间里上网课。用现在进行时态表示她正在做某事,故选A。
Unit 6 The power of plants
一般将来时
1般将来时:将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态,常与一些表示将来的时间的状语连用。
1.基本结构:一般由“助动词will+动词原形”或者“be going to +动词原形”构成。
2.注意:will是助动词,不能独立使用,否定形式是will not,缩写为 won’t.
3.时间状语:tomorrow,next time/week ,in a month/week, soon, in the future.
4.基本句型:
(1) 肯定句:主语+will/be going to +动词原形+其他
如:He will come here at once.
(2) 否定句:主语+won’t/be not going to +动词原形+其他
如:He will not go to Shenzhen.
(3) 一般疑问句:Will+主语+动词原形+其他?
Be(am,are,is)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?
如:Will you help me with my English?
Are you going to Happy Valley of Shenzhen?
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?
What will the students have for breakfast?
5.will 和be going to 的区别:
(1)will :与主观意图无关的将来,表示必然要发生的客观规律。
如:The flowers will come out in a few days.
(2)be going to:一般表示计划、打算或准备要做的事情,和有迹象将发生或肯定要发生的事情。
如:Look! It’s going to rain.
当堂训练
( )1. (2022 •甘肃省兰州市)In the near future, there self-driving cars in our city.
A. is B. was C. are D. will be
D【解析】句意:在不久的将来,我们城市将有自动驾驶汽车。选项A、C为一般现在时;B为一般过去时;D为一般将来时。根据In the near future可知,本题考查there be结构的一般将来时。该结构有两种表达:there is going to be或there will be。分析选项可知,D正确。
( )2. (2023 •乐山)—You’d better take an umbrella. The weather report says it in the afternoon.
—Thank you. I will put one in my bag.
A. will rain B. rains C. is raining
A【解析】句意:——你最好带一把伞,天气预报说下午将会下雨。——谢谢,我将放一把到我的包里。A.一般将来时;B.一般现在时;C.现在进行时。根据句意可知,天气预报说今天下午会下雨,表示将来会下雨,用一般将来时,故选A。
( )3. (2022 •北京)If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.
A. will book B. booked
C. have booked D. was booking
A【解析】句意:如果你想要参观故宫博物院,我明天将会给你订票。will book一般将来时;booked一般过去时;have booked现在完成时;was booking过去进行时。句中If引导的是条件状语从句,从句中使用一般现在时,主句应用一般将来时,故选A。
( )4.There a test tomorrow.
A.is B.will be C.will have D.have
B【详解】句意:明天将进行测试。
考查there be句型。there is有,一般现在时;there will be将会有,一般将来时;there will have无此用法;there have无此用法。根据句中的“tomorrow”,可知时态是一般将来时,故选B.
( )5.There ________ more clean rivers and green space in the city in the near future.
A.will have B.is going to have C.are D.will be
D【详解】句意:在不久的将来,这个城市将会有更多干净的河流和绿地。
考查There be句型和一般将来时。此处是There be句型,排除AB;结合“in the near future”可知,是一般将来时。故选D。
( )6.Look! There are so many black clouds in the sky. I think it ________.
A.will rain B.rain C.is going to rain D.is raining
C【详解】句意:看!天空中有很多乌云。我想要下雨了。
考查一般将来时。rain下雨,动词。选项A是一般将来时;选项B是动词原形;选项C是一般将来时;选项D是现在进行时。根据观察和分析说话时雨还没有下,因此应该使用一般将来时,可先排除B和D。根据“There are so many black clouds in the sky.”(天空中有很多乌云。),可知空处应填“is going to rain”,根据现有情况或某种迹象判断可能会发生的事情用be going to表示一般将来时。故选C。
( )7.________ a big party in our school next month.
A.It is going to have B.It will be C.There will have D.There is going to be
D【详解】句意:下个月在我们学校有个大的派对。
考查there be的将来时态。根据语境和时间状语next month,可知句子是there be句型一般将来时结构:there will be或there be going to be。句子主语a big party是单数,因此是There is going to be。故选D。
( )8.My parents hope I ________ a teacher.
A.am B.be C.will be D.to be
C【详解】句意:我父母希望我能成为一名老师。
考查时态。hope后加宾语从句,从句中缺少谓语动词,且根据语境可知,从句用一般将来时will do。故选C。
( )9.—Is Helen here?
—No, she isn’t here, She ________ in half an hour.
A.arrives B.arrived C.will arrive D.has arrived
C【详解】句意:——Helen在这里吗? ——不,她不在,她半个小时后就到了。
考查动词时态。根据“in half an hour”可知,时间为半个小时后,应用一般将来时;其构成为:will+动词原形。故选C。
( )10.I________ a new house next year. I need your help.
A.bought B.buy C.was buying D.am going to buy
D【详解】句意:我打算明年买一所新房子。我需要你的帮助。
考查一般将来时。由next year可知,此处需用一般将来时,其结构是:be going to 结构或will/shall do结构。故选D。
( )11.Now Steve is doing his homework. He ________ play football this afternoon.
A.is going to B.go C.goes
A【详解】句意:现在史蒂夫正在做作业。他今天下午要去踢足球。
考查时态。根据句意及this afternoon可知,此处表达的动作还没有发生,应用一般将来时,故选A。
( )12.—There ________ a new library in our city.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.was D.will be
D【详解】句意:——我们城市将会有一个新的图书馆。——真的吗?我等不及要去看了。
考查There be句型的时态。there be句型不和have连用,排除B;主语是单数名词“a new library”,排除A;根据“Really? I can’t wait to see it.”结合语境可知,句子使用一般将来时。故选D。
( )13.The old scientist ______ us a talk on future life next week.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.is giving
C【详解】句意:下周这位老科学家将给我们做一个关于未来生活的报告。
考查动词时态。根据“next week”可知,此处用一般将来时will do的结构,故选C。
( )14.The students ________ the library after school tomorrow afternoon.
A.are cleaning B.are going to clean C.cleaned
B【详解】句意:学生们明天下午放学后将去打扫图书馆。
考查句子时态。根据“tomorrow afternoon”可知,该句是一般将来时,应用“be going to +动词原形”的一般将来时结构。故选B。
( )15.________ sunny and cool tomorrow.
A.It will be B.There will be C.It was
A【详解】句意:明天阳光明媚天气凉爽。
考查时态。It will be它将是,表示判断;There will be将会有,表示存在;It was它是。根据“tomorrow”,可知句子是一般将来时,was是,为一般过去时,排除选项C;此处表示判断明天的天气,用It will be,故选A。
( )16.Look! There are a lot of clouds in the sky. It is going to _______ soon.
A.rains B.rainy C.be raining D.be rainy
D【详解】句意:看!空中有很多云。很快要下雨了。
考查动词的形式。rains是动词的第三人称单数;rainy是形容词;be raining是一种进行时的状态;be rainy表示“下雨”,是be+形容词构成系表结构。be going to后跟动词原形,故选D。
( )17.There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year.
A.be B.have C.will be D.will have
C【详解】句意:明年我的家乡将有一个现代化的高铁站。
考查动词时态及there be句型的用法。根据“next year”可知,时态为一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形,There be句型表示“某地有某物”。故需will be。故选C。
( )18.—Mr. Green ______ back to Canada soon. Let’s have a goodbye party for him.
—OK.
A.go B.goes C.went D.is going
D【详解】句意:——格林先生不久就要回加拿大了。让我们为他举行一个欢送会。——好的。
考查动词时态。根据“soon”可知,句子时态用一般将来时am/is/are going to,主语是三单,be用is。故选D。
( )19.He ________ Beijing in three days.
A.will leave for B.left for C.leaving for D.is going to leaving for
A【详解】句意:三天后他将去北京。
考查一般将来时。根据时间状语“in three days”可知,句子应用一般将来时,leave for是动词短语,意为“动身去”,一般将来时的谓语动词构成为“will/ be going to+动词原形”。故选A。
( )20.Summer holiday is coming. We ________ to Gansu with our friends. Would you like to go with us?
A.travel B.have traveled C.traveled D.will travel
D【详解】句意:暑假就要到了。我们将和朋友们一起去甘肃旅游。你愿意和我们一起去吗?
考查时态。根据“Summer holiday is coming. We...to Gansu with our friends.”可知,动作还未发生,用一般将来时,故选D。
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