Unit 3 Robots（知识清单）英语牛津译林版九年级下册

Module2 Unit 3 Robots Unit3 核心话题 机器人 重点词汇 1. n. 机器人 2. n. 大脑 3. pron. 任何, 一切事物 4. vt. 订购→ n. 命令; 顺序; 订单→ v. 点(菜) 5. adv. 平整地; 顺利地→ adj. 顺利的; 光滑的; 平稳的 6. vt. 满足, 使……满意→ adj. 感到满意的 7. n. 需要的事物; 欲望→ v. 需要; 必需 modal. v. 需要, 必须 (无人称或数的变化, 后接动词原形, 多用于疑问句和否定句中) 8. adv. 正确地, 适当地→ adj. 合适的; 正当的; 真正的 9. adj. 完全的, 彻底的→ adv. 完全地; 十分地; 全然 10. n. 乱七八糟 11. vt. 放, 搁 12. vt. 储藏, 存储 13. n. 硬币 14. n. 账单 15. adj. 私人的 16. n. 文件, 证明 17. vt. & vi.(使) 散开; 扩散 18. n. 轮子, 车轮 19. adj. 不确定, 没把握→ adj. 肯定; 确信; → adv. 当然; 确实; 无疑 20. n. 消费者, 顾客 21. vi. (打电话时) 等待, 不挂断 22. adv. (电话) 接通→ prep. 穿过; 凭借 23. adj. 满意的, 满足的 24. adv. 完全地 25. vt. & vi. 后悔; 遗憾 26. n. 产品, 成果 重点短语 1. 抱怨; 发牢骚 2. 帮助做…… 3. 在将来 4. 灭火 5. 以任何方式 6. 也 7. 看上去几乎和新的一样 8. 整理; 收拾 9. 总的来说; 大体上 10. 出错 11. 不再 12. 犯错 13. 一团糟 14. 打翻; 撞倒 15. 终于; 最后 16. 给……接通(电话) 17. 对……感到满意 18. 首先 19. 最多 20. 持续至少两个月 21. 达标 22. 拿回我的钱 重点句型 1.He is always too busy to have any time to relax.他太忙了都没时间休息。 2.It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang’s need. 总的来说，机器人似乎满足了江先生的需求。 3.The show will be held at the town.演出将会在镇上开展。 4.Please hold and I’ll put you through.请不要挂机，我来为您接通。 5.Would you like us to have it checked?您需要我们找人来检查它吗？ 6.The quality of this robot is not up to standard either. 这个机器人的质量也达不到标准。 7.We look forward to hearing from you soon.我们期待尽快收到你的回信。 语法 简单句和复合句之间的转换 写作 投诉信 考点1 complain vi.抱怨；埋怨；投诉；发牢骚 [教材原句]1.I’m complaining about you to the robot shop. 我正在向机器人商店投诉你。 [探究] complain 用作不及物动词，意为“抱怨；埋怨；投诉；发牢骚”。 complain about sth 意为“抱怨某事”； complain to sb 意为“向某人抱怨”； complain about sth to sb 意为“向某人抱怨某事”。 complain 后面也可接宾语从句。 [拓展] complain的名词形式为complaint，意为“抱怨；埋怨；投诉；控告”。 [注意] complain用作及物动词时，可接that从句，但不能接动词不定式。 She complained that the room was cold. 【经典练】 1．—Don’t always ________ yourself with others or you will feel a lot of pressure. —I agree with you. We should believe in ourselves and make progress little by little. A．compare B．complain C．complete 2．Don’t ________about how hard the work is. You can do it better. A．complain B．push C．carry D．leave 考点2.whatever: pron. 任何，一切事物 [教材原句]So they could do whatever they're asked to.(P37)所以它们可以做任何它们被要求做的事情。 [探究] whatever 作代词，意为“任何，一切事物”，既可以引导主语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导主语从句时，谓语动词要用单数形式；引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what。 Whatever he does has nothing to do with me. I won't tell you my secret whatever you do. [拓展] 常见的由“特殊疑问词＋后缀­ever”构成的单词： however 无论如何 wherever 无论什么地方 whenever 每当；无论何时 whoever 无论谁；任何人 whomever 无论谁；任何人 whichever 任何一个；无论哪个 [巧记] “no matter＋特殊疑问词”＝“特殊疑问词＋后缀­ever” 【经典练】 1．________ you go, you should never forget you’re Chinese. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．Wherever 2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever 3．_________ my sister comes to ask me a math question, I always stop to help her. A．Whenever B．Whatever C．Whoever D．However 考点3.order vt.订购 [教材原句]So he ordered one from a robot shop. (2)order还可作名词，意为“订单；命令”。 We have placed an order for 500 copies of books. He gave an order that all of us (should) go to sleep. (3)in order to/in order that…意为“___为了....__”，常位于句首或句中。 In order to catch the first bus, I'll get up early tomorrow morning. (4) keep…in order 意为“使……有序”。 【经典练】 1．I take an active part in all kinds of activities ________ become a better myself. A．so that B．in order to C．in order that D．as long as 2．The police ordered them ________ right there. A．wait B．to wait C．waiting D．waited 考点4.smoothly adv.平整地；顺利地 [教材原句]His business suit was smoothly ironed.他的西装被熨烫平整了。 smoothly 作副词，意为“平整地；顺利地”。 smoothly的比较级为more smoothly，最高级为most smoothly。其形容词形式为__smooth______，意为“光滑的；顺利的”。 So far talks between the two countries have gone smoothly. The plane took off very smoothly. 【经典练】 1．To keep the robot working ________, you need to have it checked every month. A．completely B．smoothly C．possibly D．specially 2．The dress is made of silk．It _________． A．is felt smooth B．is felt smoothly C．feels smooth D．feels smoothly 3．—Oh, poor little Tom! Life has never been easy for him. —No, but I believe everything will go ________ with him in the future. A．smoothly B．peacefully C．correctly D．comfortably 考点5.no longer不再 [教材原句]The robot caught a virus and no longer worked properly.这个机器人感染了病毒，不再正常工作了。 [辨析] no longer与no more no longer 相当于not…any longer，主要用来表示时间或距离上的“不再”，对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较，多用于现在时。它一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。 no more 相当于not…any more，主要用来表示数量和程度上的“不再”。它一般修饰短暂性动词，表示某个动作不再重复发生。 He was no longer a thief.＝He was not a thief any longer. Now she is no more afraid.＝Now she isn't afraid any more. 【经典练】11．It’s not polite for students to shout in class. Miss Green told them ________ do that ________. A．don’t; any longer B．to not; no longer C．not to; any more D．doesn’t; no more 2．—Mum, how should I go to the museum tomorrow? —You are ________ a kid now. You need to make a decision by yourself. A．any longer B．no longer C．much more 考点6.complete adj.完全的，彻底的 [教材原句]When Mr Jiang got home, he would find his flat in a complete mess… [探究] complete 作形容词，意为“完全的，彻底的”，其副词形式为completely。 It is a complete failure. 这是一次彻底的失败。 I have completely forgotten her name.我完全把她的名字给忘了。 [拓展] complete还可作动词，意为“完成，结束”。 Peter has just completed his first novel. 【经典练】 1．—You will feel ________ relaxed after ________ a hard task with long-time effort. —I agree with you much. A．completely; completing B．competing; comparing C．completely; competing 2．—China’s Shenzhou-17 crew (机组人员) ________ their second spacewalk successfully on Saturday. —That’s exciting news! I can still remember the whole course. A．completed B．will complete C．are completing D．complete 考点7.lay vt.放，搁 [教材原句]Food was laid on the table.食物放在桌子上。 [探究] lay作动词，意为“放，搁”，还可译为“下(蛋)，产(卵)”。 [辨析] lay与lie 词条 词性及含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lay vt.放，搁 laid laid laying vi.& vt.下(蛋)，产(卵) lie vi.躺；位于 lay lain lying vi.说谎 lied lied lying The bird lays its eggs in other birds' nests. He lay on the floor, reading a book. Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing. I'm sorry I lied to you. [巧记] 规则的撒谎，不规则的躺； 躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。 【经典练】 1．The house ________ at the foot of a hill. When we arrived, the old man had ________ snacks out on the table. A．lays; lied B．lies; laid C．lies; lay 2．Peter ________ out the quilt (被子) on the floor and ________ down to have a rest. A．lay; laid B．laid; lay C．lied; lay D．lay; lied 3．When she came back a few days later, she found that all things still ________ where she had ________ them. A．lay; laid B．laid; laid C．lying; lain D．lying; lain 考点8.satisfy 动词：使......满意 [教材原句]8.It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang’s needs. ①in general 总的来说，大体上 ②satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需求 ★satisfy 动词：使......满意；satisfied 作过去式、过去分词 ★satisfied 也可作形容词：满意的、满足的 ； 反义词：unsatisfied eg: be satisfied with sb./sth. 对某人/某事满意 = be pleased/happy with sb./sth. ③need 作名词：需要，需求 eg: be in need of help 需要帮助 people in need 需要帮助的人 【经典练】 1．—Were your parents satisfied ________ the clean-up? —To their ________, the room was very clean and tidy. A．with; satisfaction B．in; satisfy C．to; satisfied 2．—It seems that nothing I do will ________ my father. —Come on! He is proud of you. He just wants you to be better. A．manage B．encourage C．satisfy D．pollute 3．—This music box with dancing figures is quite popular. I think you’ll be ________ it. —I love the dancing figures. I’ll take it. A．tired of B．satisfied with C．scared about D．busy with 考点9.private adj.私人的 [教材原句] …coins, bills and his private papers were spread all over the floor. [探究] private用作形容词，意为“私人的”。 in private 意为“秘密地，私下里”。 We are very free in our private lives. In private, we often phone each other. [辨析] private与personal private 指“私立的；私有的；私人的”，与“公立的；公有的；公共的”相对。 personal 指“个人的；亲自的”，与“由他人代表的，不涉及个人的”相对立。 【经典练】 1．This is my mother’s ________ letter. Nobody else has the right to check it. A．daily B．private C．lovely 2．—These days, there are more and more people buying ________ cars. —Yes, the traffic is becoming worse and worse. A．little B．big C．good D．private 3．—Mary, can I look at your notebook? It looks special. —Sorry. I usually write down something ________ in it. A．perfect B．pleasant C．private D．polite 考点10.spread vt.& vi.(使)散开；扩散 [教材原句]A smile spread slowly across her face. [探究] spread作动词，意为“(使)散开；扩散”，常指向四面八方扩大范围。其过去式和过去分词均为__spread--spread______。 13　He is always too busy to have any time to relax. [探究] “too＋形容词/副词原级＋动词不定式”通常译为“太……而不能……”，可与so…that结构互换。 The hat is too large to wear for her. ＝The hat is so large that she can't wear. 【经典练】 1．—Hey, Jill. Check out the news I found online. —You have to make sure the news is true before you _________ it. A．spread B．receive C．read D．hear 2．Make sure the news is true before you ________ it on the Internet. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 3．Please make sure the news is true before you _________ it. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 考点11 so that [教材原句]I have to buy a robot so that I can have more free time. [探究] so that＝in order that，意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句。 I work hard so that I can enter a good high school. ＝I work hard in order that I can enter a good high school. [拓展] (1)“so＋形容词或副词＋that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 The weather is so fine that I'd like to go swimming in the sea. (2)“such＋名词短语＋that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. [注意] 当名词前有many, much, few, little(少)等词修饰时，要用“so…that”，而不能用“such…that”。 He has so much money that he can buy what he wants. 【经典练】 1．Can you imagine that ________ little ants can eat ________ many big worms. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such 2．The students asked ________ many questions that the new teacher felt ________ confused. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 考点 12.seem [教材原句]　It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang's needs. [探究] seem后可接形容词、动词不定式或从句。其后接从句时，常用句型为“It seemed/seems that…”，表示“看起来……”。 [注意] “There seems…”句型表示“似乎有……”，seem后接to be，不能接实义动词have。 误 There seems to have something wrong with the machine. 正 There seems to be something wrong with the machine. 【经典练】 1．Tom must get first. He seemed ________. A．happily B．happy C．angry D．angrily 2．She has a healthy lifestyle and always ________ happy, full of life and energy. A．seems B．sees C．gets D．hopes 3．They seem ________ everything that they are doing. A．to know B．know C．knowing 考点13.be busy with sth 忙于某事 [教材原句] Every day, I notice that the robot is busy with all kinds of housework. [探究] be busy with sth意为“____________”；be busy doing sth意为“____________”。 My father seldom exercises because he is busy with his work. The students are busy preparing for the coming exam. 【经典练】 1．All teachers should ________ and love their students at the same time. A．be strict with B．be careful with C．be busy with 2．— I know people there are doing something useful to protect the environment. — I agree with you. I believe that those areas will be with trees in a few years. A．satisfied B．busy C．covered 考点14.unsure adj.不确定，没把握 [教材原句]You are always unsure where you could find your clothes. [探究] unsure 作形容词，意为“不确定，没把握”，反义词为sure，同义词为uncertain。be unsure of/about意为“对……没有把握；对……不确定”；be unsure of oneself意为“缺乏自信”。 Fifty­three per cent of the people were unsure about the result. Like many women, she was unsure of herself. 【经典练】 1．—Why do you look worried? —I doubt whether we can go for a picnic tomorrow. A．want to know B．feel unsure C．become angry 2．—Sam wears a smile on his face, he must be ________ that his answers are right. —I think so, No one did as ________ as him in our class. A．sure, good B．unsure, good C．sure,well D．unsure, well 一．语法精讲—简单句和复合句之间的转换 英语中按句子的结构可分三种：简单句 (simple sentence)；并列句 (compound sentence)和复合句 (complex sentence)。 ◆简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. ◆并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（;）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 ◆复合句：主句+从句（含有一个或一个以上从句）。主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 01.简单句和复合句之间的转换： 有时，我们可以用“宾语+宾语补足语”或“疑问词+动词不定式”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句，用动词不定式将含有结果状语从句或目的状语从句的复合句转换成简单句。 02.用“宾语+宾语补足语”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句： “宾语十宾语补足语”中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的动词不定式、动词-ing或介词短语等。 1.see/notice/hear/watch that sb.is doing/does.. →see/notice/hear/watch +sb.(宾格)+doing/do… 2.find/think/feel/consider that sb.is+adj. →find/think/feel/consider+sb.(宾格)+adj. 3.find/think/feel that it is+adj.+to do sth. →find/think/feel+it+adj.+to do sth. 4.consider that sb.is+n. →consider+sb.(宾格)+n. 03.用“疑问词+动词不定式”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句： ▲①有些由who、which、what、when,where、how等疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句可以转换成“疑问代词/疑问副词+动词不定式”结构。 ▲②此时，主句的谓语动词通常是know、remember、forget、learn等。 1.当主句的主语与宾语从句的主语一致时，可以将复合句改为简单句。 ★I can't decide what I shall buy for his birthday. →I can't decide what to buy for his birthday. 我决定不了给他买什么生日礼物。 2.当主句中含有双宾语且间接宾语与宾语从句的主语一致时，也可将这个复合句变为简单句： ★Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? →Can you tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我怎么到邮局吗? 04.用动词不定式将含有结果状语从句或目的状语从句的复合句转换成简单句 ▲①含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换： 1.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是肯定句，且其主语与主句主语一致时，可用…enough to do sth.替换。 ★Tom is so clever that he can work out the maths problem. →Tom is clever enough to work out the maths problem. 汤姆很聪明，能解出这道数学题。 2.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是否定句，且其主语与主句主语一致时，可用too…to do sth.替换。 3.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是否定句，且其主语与主句主语不一致时，可用too…for sb.to do sth.或not…enough for sb.to do sth.替换。 ★The bag is so heavy that I can't carry it. →The bag is too heavy for me to carry. →The bag is not light enough for me to carry. 这包太重了，我提不动。 ▲②含有so that引导的目的状语从句的复合句，当主句主语和从句主语一致时，可以用in order to/so as to来转换成简单句。 ★He exercises every day so that he can keep healthy. →He exercises every day in order to keep healthy. 为了保持健康，他每天锻炼身体。 宾语从句可以用“宾语＋宾语补足语”、“疑问词＋动词不定式”的形式转换成简单句。而目的、结果状语从句可转换成“动词不定式”的用法。如： I saw that he was reading the book carefully. 我看到他在仔细读书。 →I saw him reading the book carefully. I know how I should drive a car.我知道如何开车。 →I know how to drive a car. He got up early so that he would not miss the train.为了不错过这班火车，他很早就起床了。 →He got up early in order not to miss the train. 下面我们看看简单句和复合句之间的转换。 1、用“宾语+ 宾语补足语”将宾语从句转化成简单句。如： I found that he was very happy.→I found him very happy. I noticed that he was entering the room.→I noticed him entering the room. 与notice和find有相同用法的动词还有 hear, see , think , watch等。 2、用“疑问词+ 动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句。 I don’t know how I can get to the robot shop. =I don’t know how to get to the robot shop. You don’t know whom you can talk to . =You don’t know whom to talk to . 注意： 1.）宾语从句中从句的主语和主句的主语是同一人时，才可以转换，且主语的谓语动词通常是know, remember, forget, learn等。 2.）疑问词Why不能和动词不定式连用。 3、用“ 动词不定式”将结果状语从句或目的状语从句转换成简单句。如： He is so young that he can’t go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school. She is so clever that she can work out this difficult maths question. →She is clever enough to work out this difficult maths question. He exercises every day so that he can keep fit.为了保持健康，他每天锻炼身体。 →He exercises every day in order to keep fit. 注意： 1.）用“动词不定式”将结果状语从句或目的状语从句转换成简单句的前提是从句的主语和主句的主语一致。 2.）结果状语从句so…that…的结构可以用too…to…或（not）…enough to….来转换；目的状语从句可以用in order to 来转换。 二、单元话题写作 本单元以“机器人”为话题，话题内容贴近学生生活，易于激起学生对于现代科技尤其是机器人的兴趣，同时也能引导学生对未来机器人功能的理性思考。课本通过对江先生的家用机器人、国际机器人展、对机器人的投诉以及机器人商店回复等内容展开教学。本单元中的江先生对自己的机器人不满意，想要把机器人退还给商店，写一封投诉信给商店。 写作框架： Paragraph 1: Explain the problem Describe the problems that the robot has (such as short battery life, limited working time, room chaos, and objects being knocked over, etc.) Paragraph 2:Express dissatisfaction Emphasize that you have tried to contact the merchant but have not received a response, and express your dissatisfaction with the merchant's service attitude and after-sales handling. Letter of complaint Paragraph 3:Present expectations State the desire to return the item and receive a refund, and express expectations for the merchant's response. 典例赏析： 假设你的机器人坏了。请你给机器人商店的经理写一封投诉信，要求退货、退款。 内容要点： 1. 上个月，你从机器人商店买了一台名叫Goldfish的机器人； 2. 回家仅仅使用了一个月就出故障了； 3. 电池仅持续两天，每天只能工作三小时…… 4. 去过机器人商店，但是没有得到回复； 5. 要求退款、退货。 要求： 1. 投诉信须包含所给内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯； 2. 第3要点须用2—3句话展开合理想象，作适当发挥； 3. 词数90左右，投诉信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 4th March, 2018 Robot Shop 25 River Street Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Hu Quan 【解题思路】 1. 题干解读：本文属于书信写作，按记叙文格式来写。根据题目要求，内容要点要依次写出来，特别是第三点要用两到三句话展开叙述。 2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第一人称单数叙述故事，在叙述购买过程采用一般过去时，描述机器的使用现状主要采用一般现在时。写作时直接按内容要点叙述相关事件，注意简单扼要，表达时倾注情感，要体现投诉不满的情绪。 【写作步骤】 第一步:阐述问题,首先明确地描述机器人存在的问题，如电池寿命短、工作时间受限、房间混乱以及物品被撞翻等。 第二步:表达不满,强调自己已经尝试过联系商家，但未得到回应，表达对商家的服务态度和售后处理的不满。 第三步:提出期望,最后，明确表示希望能够退货并得到退款，并表达出对商家回复的期待。 【满分作文】 4th March, 2018 Robot Shop 25 River Street Dear Sir or Madam, Last month, I bought a robot named Goldfish in your robot shop. But it went wrong only one month after I got it back. The batteries can only last for two days. And it can only work for three hours a day. The room is always in a mess though it is designed to do housework for its master. What is worse, it knocks everything over. I have been to your robot shop, but there is no reply. I hope I can return it to your shop and have my money back. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Hu Quan 【亮点词汇】 1.battery life 电池寿命 2.work for three hours a day 每天工作三小时 3.designed to do housework 为其主人做家务 4.in a mess 混乱不堪 5.knocks everything over 把一切都撞翻 6.have my money back 退款 【高分句型】 1.But it went wrong only one month after I got it back. (时间状语从句) 2.What is worse, it knocks everything over. (副词引导的从句) 1.complain about sb to sp/sb 向某人抱怨某事/人 2. post sth for sb 为某人寄某物 post sb sth = post sth to sb 寄某样东西给某人 3.be satisfy satisfied with 意思是“对……感到满意（满足） 4.be ready for = be ready to do … 5. After a few comfortable weeks, however, things started to go wrong. 然而，几周的舒适生活之后，情况开始不对了。 after a few weeks = a few weeks later 短语go wrong的意思是“出现问题” 短语go wrong用于描述机器时，可表示机器“发生故障，出毛病”。 6.no longer=not any longer多指时间, 用来修饰具体状态。 no more = not any more指数量和程度, 用来修饰动作。 7.be in a mess (杂乱不堪)，make a mess (搞得一塌糊涂)。 8.有时间去放松 have time to relax 9.拥有更多的业余时间 have more free time 10. 从……订购……order sth. from… 11.在超市里购物 go shopping at the supermarket 12.看起来像新的一样好 look as good as new 13.为……做准备 be ready for sth /to do dth. 14.大体上 in general 15.开始出错 start to go wrong 16. 感染病毒 catch a virus 17.犯愚蠢的错误 make stupid mistakes 18.把某人叫醒 wake sb. Up 19.在洗衣机里/垃圾箱里 in the washing machine/ rubbish bin 20.把东西打翻 knock things over 21.for free的意思是“免费” 22.up to standard 的意思是“合格” 23.对….满意 be satisfied with 24.更加注意到 pay more attention to 25.结果as a result 26.至少at least 27.一直发出指令 give instructions all the time 28.….怎么了What’s wrong with…? 29.一点也不 not at all 30.退款get money back 31.持续last for 32.需要被need doing=need to be done 温馨提示： 1.使用宾语从句或宾语+宾语补足语 ①He saw that the robot was making breakfast. He saw the robot making breakfast. ②He found that his flat was in a complete mess. He found his flat in a complete mess. ③He thinks that it is too much trouble to own a robot. He thinks it too much trouble to own a robot. 2.使用宾语从句或疑问词+to不定式 ①The robot no longer knew when it should cook breakfast. The robot no longer knew when to cook breakfast. ②Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot. Mr Jiang did not know what to do with the robot. 3.使用状语从句或to不定式 ①Mr Jiang is always so busy that he does not have any time for hobbies. Mr Jiang is always too busy to have any time for hobbies. ②The robot is so smart that it can do a lot of things for Mr Jiang. The robot is smart enough to do a lot of things for Mr Jiang. ③Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time. Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot in order to have more free time. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module2 Unit 3 Robots Unit3 核心话题 机器人 重点词汇 1. robot n. 机器人 2. brain n. 大脑 3. whatever pron. 任何, 一切事物 4. order vt. 订购→ order n. 命令; 顺序; 订单→ v. 点(菜) 5. smoothly adv. 平整地; 顺利地→ smooth adj. 顺利的; 光滑的; 平稳的 6. satisfy vt. 满足, 使……满意→ satisfied adj. 感到满意的 7. need n. 需要的事物; 欲望→ need v. 需要; 必需 modal. v. 需要, 必须 (无人称或数的变化, 后接动词原形, 多用于疑问句和否定句中) 8. properly adv. 正确地, 适当地→ proper adj. 合适的; 正当的; 真正的 9. complete adj. 完全的, 彻底的→ completely adv. 完全地; 十分地; 全然 10. mess n. 乱七八糟 11. lay vt. 放, 搁 12. store vt. 储藏, 存储 13. coin n. 硬币 14. bill n. 账单 15. private adj. 私人的 16. paper n. 文件, 证明 17. spread vt. & vi.(使) 散开; 扩散 18. wheel n. 轮子, 车轮 19. unsure adj. 不确定, 没把握→ sure adj. 肯定; 确信; → adv. 当然; 确实; 无疑 20. customer n. 消费者, 顾客 21. hold vi. (打电话时) 等待, 不挂断 22. through adv. (电话) 接通→ through prep. 穿过; 凭借 23. satisfied adj. 满意的, 满足的 24. completely adv. 完全地 25. regret vt. & vi. 后悔; 遗憾 26. product n. 产品, 成果 重点短语 1. complain about 抱怨; 发牢骚 2. help with 帮助做…… 3. in the future 在将来 4. put out fires 灭火 5. in any way 以任何方式 6. as well 也 7. look as good as new 看上去几乎和新的一样 8. tidy up 整理; 收拾 9. in general 总的来说; 大体上 10. go wrong 出错 11. no longer 不再 12. make mistakes 犯错 13. in a complete mess 一团糟 14. knock over 打翻; 撞倒 15. in the end 终于; 最后 16. put through 给……接通(电话) 17. be satisfied with 对……感到满意 18. first of all 首先 19. at most 最多 20. last for at least two months 持续至少两个月 21. up to standard 达标 22. get my money back 拿回我的钱 重点句型 1.He is always too busy to have any time to relax.他太忙了都没时间休息。 2.It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang’s need. 总的来说，机器人似乎满足了江先生的需求。 3.The show will be held at the town.演出将会在镇上开展。 4.Please hold and I’ll put you through.请不要挂机，我来为您接通。 5.Would you like us to have it checked?您需要我们找人来检查它吗？ 6.The quality of this robot is not up to standard either. 这个机器人的质量也达不到标准。 7.We look forward to hearing from you soon.我们期待尽快收到你的回信。 语法 简单句和复合句之间的转换 写作 投诉信 考点1 complain vi.抱怨；埋怨；投诉；发牢骚 [教材原句]1.I’m complaining about you to the robot shop. 我正在向机器人商店投诉你。 [探究] complain 用作不及物动词，意为“抱怨；埋怨；投诉；发牢骚”。 complain about sth 意为“抱怨某事”； complain to sb 意为“向某人抱怨”； complain about sth to sb 意为“向某人抱怨某事”。 complain 后面也可接宾语从句。 [拓展] complain的名词形式为complaint，意为“抱怨；埋怨；投诉；控告”。 [注意] complain用作及物动词时，可接that从句，但不能接动词不定式。 She complained that the room was cold. 【经典练】 1．—Don’t always ________ yourself with others or you will feel a lot of pressure. —I agree with you. We should believe in ourselves and make progress little by little. A．compare B．complain C．complete 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——不要总是拿自己和别人比较，否则你会感到很大的压力。——我同意你的看法。我们应该相信自己，一点一点的进步。考查动词辨析。compare比较；complain抱怨；complete完成。根据“We should believe in ourselves and make progress little by little”可知，不要把自己和别人进行比较，故选A。 2．Don’t ________about how hard the work is. You can do it better. A．complain B．push C．carry D．leave 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要抱怨工作有多辛苦。你可以做得更好。考查动词辨析。complain抱怨；push推；carry携带；leave离开。根据“You can do it better.”可知，不要抱怨工作有多辛苦。故选A。 考点2.whatever: pron. 任何，一切事物 [教材原句]So they could do whatever they're asked to.(P37)所以它们可以做任何它们被要求做的事情。 [探究] whatever 作代词，意为“任何，一切事物”，既可以引导主语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导主语从句时，谓语动词要用单数形式；引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what。 Whatever he does has nothing to do with me. I won't tell you my secret whatever you do. [拓展] 常见的由“特殊疑问词＋后缀­ever”构成的单词： however 无论如何 wherever 无论什么地方 whenever 每当；无论何时 whoever 无论谁；任何人 whomever 无论谁；任何人 whichever 任何一个；无论哪个 [巧记] “no matter＋特殊疑问词”＝“特殊疑问词＋后缀­ever” 【经典练】 1．________ you go, you should never forget you’re Chinese. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．Wherever 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不管你去哪里，你不应该忘记你是中国人。考查连词辨析。whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；wherever无论哪里。根据“you go...”可知是无论去哪里，都不能忘记自己是中国人。故选C。 2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：给孩子想要的任何东西通常被认为是不明智的。考查连词辨析。however无论如何；whatever无论什么；whichever无论哪一个；whenever无论何时。此空作动词want的宾语，应填whatever，故选B。 3．_________ my sister comes to ask me a math question, I always stop to help her. A．Whenever B．Whatever C．Whoever D．However 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每当我妹妹来问我数学问题时，我总是停下来帮助她。考查连词辨析。Whenever无论何时；Whatever无论什么；Whoever无论是谁；However无论如何。根据“my sister comes to ask me a math question, I always stop to help her.”可知说话人表示无论自己的妹妹何时来问自己数学问题，都总是停下来帮助她。故选A。 考点3.order vt.订购 [教材原句]So he ordered one from a robot shop. (2)order还可作名词，意为“订单；命令”。 We have placed an order for 500 copies of books. He gave an order that all of us (should) go to sleep. (3)in order to/in order that…意为“___为了....__”，常位于句首或句中。 In order to catch the first bus, I'll get up early tomorrow morning. (4) keep…in order 意为“使……有序”。 【经典练】 1．I take an active part in all kinds of activities ________ become a better myself. A．so that B．in order to C．in order that D．as long as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我积极参加各种活动，以成为更好的自己。考查连词辨析。so that以便，后接句子；in order to为了，后跟动词原形；in order that为了，后跟句子；as long as只要。根据“I take an active part in all kinds of activities...become a better myself”可知参加各种活动是为了成为更好的自己，空后是动词原形，应用in order to表目的，故选B。 2．The police ordered them ________ right there. A．wait B．to wait C．waiting D．waited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：警察命令他们就在那儿等着。考查动词不定式。根据“The police ordered them…right there.”可知，此处为固定搭配order sb. to do sth. 意为“命令某人做某事”，因此用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 考点4.smoothly adv.平整地；顺利地 [教材原句]His business suit was smoothly ironed.他的西装被熨烫平整了。 smoothly 作副词，意为“平整地；顺利地”。 smoothly的比较级为more smoothly，最高级为most smoothly。其形容词形式为__smooth______，意为“光滑的；顺利的”。 So far talks between the two countries have gone smoothly. The plane took off very smoothly. 【经典练】 1．To keep the robot working ________, you need to have it checked every month. A．completely B．smoothly C．possibly D．specially 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了使机器人保持流畅地工作，你需要每个月给它做检查。考查副词辨析。completely完整地； smoothly流畅地；possibly可能地；specially特别地。根据“To keep the robot working...you need to have it checked every month”可知每个月给机器人做检查是为了使它流畅地工作。故选B。 2．The dress is made of silk．It _________． A．is felt smooth B．is felt smoothly C．feels smooth D．feels smoothly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这件裙子是用丝织成的。它摸起来很平滑。考查系动词的用法。根据feel表示“感觉起来”，是系动词，不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语，一般用主动语态表示被动的意思。smooth为形容词作表语。主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选C。 3．—Oh, poor little Tom! Life has never been easy for him. —No, but I believe everything will go ________ with him in the future. A．smoothly B．peacefully C．correctly D．comfortably 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——噢，可怜的小汤姆！对于他来说，生活从来没有容易过。——不，我相信在将来他的一切将会顺畅的。考查副词词义辨析。smoothly顺利地，顺畅地，平稳地；peacefully安心地，安然地，安详地；correctly正确地，准确地，恰当地；comfortably放松地，舒坦地，舒服地，愉快地，轻松地。根据上句句意“噢，可怜的小汤姆！对于他来说，生活从来没有容易过。”可知，小汤姆生活过得不好。根据答语中“No,”可知，我认为他的生活会发生变化，会越来越好。go smoothly“顺利进行”符合语境。故选A。 考点5.no longer不再 [教材原句]The robot caught a virus and no longer worked properly.这个机器人感染了病毒，不再正常工作了。 [辨析] no longer与no more no longer 相当于not…any longer，主要用来表示时间或距离上的“不再”，对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较，多用于现在时。它一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。 no more 相当于not…any more，主要用来表示数量和程度上的“不再”。它一般修饰短暂性动词，表示某个动作不再重复发生。 He was no longer a thief.＝He was not a thief any longer. Now she is no more afraid.＝Now she isn't afraid any more. 【经典练】11．It’s not polite for students to shout in class. Miss Green told them ________ do that ________. A．don’t; any longer B．to not; no longer C．not to; any more D．doesn’t; no more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生在课堂上大喊大叫是不礼貌的。格林小姐告诉他们不要再那样做了。 考查非谓语动词和副词短语。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，排除ABD；not...any more=no more“不再”。故选C。 2．—Mum, how should I go to the museum tomorrow? —You are ________ a kid now. You need to make a decision by yourself. A．any longer B．no longer C．much more 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，明天我该怎么去博物馆？——你现在不再是个小孩子了。你得自己做决定。 考查固定短语。any longer再，一般和not连用表示“不再”，不单独使用；no longer不再；much more更多/更加。分析句子结构，设空处修饰名词kid，结合下文“You need to make a decision by yourself”，可知是说不再是小孩子，A、C两项不合语境，故选B。 考点6.complete adj.完全的，彻底的 [教材原句]When Mr Jiang got home, he would find his flat in a complete mess… [探究] complete 作形容词，意为“完全的，彻底的”，其副词形式为completely。 It is a complete failure. 这是一次彻底的失败。 I have completely forgotten her name.我完全把她的名字给忘了。 [拓展] complete还可作动词，意为“完成，结束”。 Peter has just completed his first novel. 【经典练】 1．—You will feel ________ relaxed after ________ a hard task with long-time effort. —I agree with you much. A．completely; completing B．competing; comparing C．completely; competing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——经过长时间的努力完成一项艰巨的任务后，你会感到完全放松。——我非常同意你的看法。考查词汇辨析。completely彻底地；complete完成；compete竞争；compare比较。根据“You will feel ... relaxed”可知，第一空应用副词修饰形容词，排除B选项；再根据“You will feel ... relaxed after ... a hard task with long-time effort.”可知，感到放松是因为完成了一项艰巨的任务，complete的动名词completing符合题意。故选A。 2．—China’s Shenzhou-17 crew (机组人员) ________ their second spacewalk successfully on Saturday. —That’s exciting news! I can still remember the whole course. A．completed B．will complete C．are completing D．complete 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——周六，中国神舟17号机组人员成功完成了第二次太空行走。——这是令人兴奋的消息！我仍然记得整个过程。考查动词时态。根据“China’s Shenzhou-17 crew…their second spacewalk successfully on Saturday.”及“I can still remember the whole course.”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。 考点7.lay vt.放，搁 [教材原句]Food was laid on the table.食物放在桌子上。 [探究] lay作动词，意为“放，搁”，还可译为“下(蛋)，产(卵)”。 [辨析] lay与lie 词条 词性及含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lay vt.放，搁 laid laid laying vi.& vt.下(蛋)，产(卵) lie vi.躺；位于 lay lain lying vi.说谎 lied lied lying The bird lays its eggs in other birds' nests. He lay on the floor, reading a book. Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing. I'm sorry I lied to you. [巧记] 规则的撒谎，不规则的躺； 躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。 【经典练】 1．The house ________ at the foot of a hill. When we arrived, the old man had ________ snacks out on the table. A．lays; lied B．lies; laid C．lies; lay 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这所房子坐落在山脚下。当我们到达时，老人已经在桌子上放好了零食。考查时态和动词辨析。lay放置，过去式/过去分词laid；lie位于，过去分词lay。根据“The house…at the foot of a hill.”可知，房子坐落在山脚下，应该用lie，且陈述客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语The house是第三人称单数，故第一空填lies；根据“the old man…snacks out on the table.”可知，老人放好了零食，应该用lay，根据“had”可知，此处句子时态为过去完成时，lay的过去分词是laid。故选B。 2．Peter ________ out the quilt (被子) on the floor and ________ down to have a rest. A．lay; laid B．laid; lay C．lied; lay D．lay; lied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：彼得把被子铺在地板上，躺下休息。考查动词辨析。lay放置，动词原形或作“躺”的过去式；laid放置，过去式；lied说谎，过去式。根据“Peter … out the quilt (被子) on the floor and … down to have a rest.”以及语境提示可知，第一空表示“铺开”，英语表达为lay out，动词lay的过去式是laid；第二空表示“躺下”，英语中短语是lie down，前句用过去时，and并列后句同样要用过去时，lie作为“躺下”的过去式是lay。故选B。 3．When she came back a few days later, she found that all things still ________ where she had ________ them. A．lay; laid B．laid; laid C．lying; lain D．lying; lain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：几天后，当她回来时，她发现所有的东西都还放在她放的地方。考查动词辨析。lay位于（lie的过去式）；laid放置（lay的过去分词）；lain躺（lie的过去分词）；lying说谎，平躺（lie的现在分词）。根据题意可知，第一个空格表示“位于”，本句时态是一般过去时，所以用lay；第二个空格表示“放置”，用于过去完成时“had done”结构中，所以用laid。故选A。 考点8.satisfy 动词：使......满意 [教材原句]8.It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang’s needs. ①in general 总的来说，大体上 ②satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需求 ★satisfy 动词：使......满意；satisfied 作过去式、过去分词 ★satisfied 也可作形容词：满意的、满足的 ； 反义词：unsatisfied eg: be satisfied with sb./sth. 对某人/某事满意 = be pleased/happy with sb./sth. ③need 作名词：需要，需求 eg: be in need of help 需要帮助 people in need 需要帮助的人 【经典练】 1．—Were your parents satisfied ________ the clean-up? —To their ________, the room was very clean and tidy. A．with; satisfaction B．in; satisfy C．to; satisfied 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你父母对这次打扫满意吗？——令他们满意的是，房间非常干净整洁。考查介词及名词辨析。with和；in在……里；to向；satisfaction满意，名词；satisfy使满意，动词；satisfied满意的，形容词。be satisfied with“对……满意”，固定短语，第一空应用with；第二空被形容词性物主代词their修饰，应用名词。故选A。 2．—It seems that nothing I do will ________ my father. —Come on! He is proud of you. He just wants you to be better. A．manage B．encourage C．satisfy D．pollute 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——似乎我所做的一切都不能使我父亲满意。——加油！他为你感到骄傲。他只是想让你变得更好。考查动词辨析。manage设法，管理；encourage鼓励；satisfy使满意；pollute污染。根据“nothing I do will … my father”可知，我努力想让父亲感到满意。故选C。 3．—This music box with dancing figures is quite popular. I think you’ll be ________ it. —I love the dancing figures. I’ll take it. A．tired of B．satisfied with C．scared about D．busy with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个有跳舞图案的八音盒很受欢迎。我想你会满意的。——我喜欢这个跳舞图案。我要了。考查形容词短语。tired of厌烦；satisfied with对……感到满意；scared about害怕……；busy with忙于……。根据“I love the dancing figures. I’ll take it.”可知喜欢这个跳舞图案，推测应该是对此很满意。故选B。 考点9.private adj.私人的 [教材原句] …coins, bills and his private papers were spread all over the floor. [探究] private用作形容词，意为“私人的”。 in private 意为“秘密地，私下里”。 We are very free in our private lives. In private, we often phone each other. [辨析] private与personal private 指“私立的；私有的；私人的”，与“公立的；公有的；公共的”相对。 personal 指“个人的；亲自的”，与“由他人代表的，不涉及个人的”相对立。 【经典练】 1．This is my mother’s ________ letter. Nobody else has the right to check it. A．daily B．private C．lovely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我母亲的私人信件。其他人没有权利检查它。考查形容词辨析。daily每日的；private私人的；lovely可爱的。根据“Nobody else has the right to check it.”可知，这是我母亲的私人信件。故选B。 2．—These days, there are more and more people buying ________ cars. —Yes, the traffic is becoming worse and worse. A．little B．big C．good D．private 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——近来，有越来越多的人买私人汽车。——是的，交通正变得越来越糟糕。考查形容词辨析。little小的；big大的；good好的；private私人的。结合句中“people buying…cars”和“the traffic is becoming worse and worse”可推测交通变得拥堵的原因是私家车变多了，故选D。 3．—Mary, can I look at your notebook? It looks special. —Sorry. I usually write down something ________ in it. A．perfect B．pleasant C．private D．polite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽，我可以看一下你的笔记本吗？它看起来好特别啊。——抱歉。我通常在里面写一些私人的东西。考查形容词辨析。perfect完美的；pleasant愉悦的；private私人的；polite礼貌的。根据“Sorry”可知在此表示婉拒，说明笔记本上写有一些私人的不方便与他人分享的内容。故选C。 考点10.spread vt.& vi.(使)散开；扩散 [教材原句]A smile spread slowly across her face. [探究] spread作动词，意为“(使)散开；扩散”，常指向四面八方扩大范围。其过去式和过去分词均为__spread--spread______。 13　He is always too busy to have any time to relax. [探究] “too＋形容词/副词原级＋动词不定式”通常译为“太……而不能……”，可与so…that结构互换。 The hat is too large to wear for her. ＝The hat is so large that she can't wear. 【经典练】 1．—Hey, Jill. Check out the news I found online. —You have to make sure the news is true before you _________ it. A．spread B．receive C．read D．hear 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，吉尔。看看我在网上找到的新闻。——在你传播这个消息之前，你必须确保它是真实的。考查动词辨析。spread传播；receive收到；read读；hear听到。根据“make sure the news is true before you...it”可知是在传播新闻之前，要确保新闻是真的。故选A。 2．Make sure the news is true before you ________ it on the Internet. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在网上传播消息之前，要确保消息是真实的。考查动词辨析。 receive收到；spread 传播；cancel取消； hear听到。根据“Make sure the news is true before you ... it on the Internet.”可知，此处指的是在网上传播消息。故选B。 3．Please make sure the news is true before you _________ it. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在你传播这个消息之前，请确保它是真实的。考查动词词义辨析。receive收到；spread传播；cancel删除；hear听见。根据语境“ make sure the news is true”可知，这里表示“传播”这个消息。故选B。 考点11 so that [教材原句]I have to buy a robot so that I can have more free time. [探究] so that＝in order that，意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句。 I work hard so that I can enter a good high school. ＝I work hard in order that I can enter a good high school. [拓展] (1)“so＋形容词或副词＋that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 The weather is so fine that I'd like to go swimming in the sea. (2)“such＋名词短语＋that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. [注意] 当名词前有many, much, few, little(少)等词修饰时，要用“so…that”，而不能用“such…that”。 He has so much money that he can buy what he wants. 【经典练】 1．Can you imagine that ________ little ants can eat ________ many big worms. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能想象这么小的蚂蚁能吃掉这么多大虫子吗？考查词义辨析。so如此，修饰形容词或副词；such如此，修饰名词。当形容词后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，要用such修饰，但当名词前的形容词为表示数量的词时，such必须换成so。根据“little ants”可知，little意为“小的”，不表示数量少，所以第一空用such，修饰其后名词ants；根据“many big worms”可知，many意为“许多的”，表示数量多，所以第二空用so，so many“如此多”。故选B。 2．The students asked ________ many questions that the new teacher felt ________ confused. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生们问了很多问题，新老师感到很困惑。考查副词用法。such“如此，这样”，修饰名词；so“很……”，修饰形容词或副词。第一空，空后有“many”，应用so，此处是so...that引导结果状语从句，排除A和B；第二空，空后confused“困惑的”，形容词，应用副词so修饰confused，在句中作状语，排除C。故选D。 考点 12.seem [教材原句]　It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang's needs. [探究] seem后可接形容词、动词不定式或从句。其后接从句时，常用句型为“It seemed/seems that…”，表示“看起来……”。 [注意] “There seems…”句型表示“似乎有……”，seem后接to be，不能接实义动词have。 误 There seems to have something wrong with the machine. 正 There seems to be something wrong with the machine. 【经典练】 1．Tom must get first. He seemed ________. A．happily B．happy C．angry D．angrily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆一定得了第一，他看起来很快乐。考查形容词辨析与副词辨析。happily快乐地，副词；happy快乐的，形容词；angry生气的，形容词；angrily生气地，副词。根据“Tom must get first,”可知，汤姆应该很快乐，故排除C、D项。根据“he seemed”可知，空处应该填形容词作表语。故选B。 2．She has a healthy lifestyle and always ________ happy, full of life and energy. A．seems B．sees C．gets D．hopes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她有着健康的生活方式，看起来总是很快乐，充满活力。考查动词辨析。seems看起来；sees看见；gets得到，变得；hopes希望。根据“happy, full of life and energy.”可知她总是看起来很开心。故选A。 3．They seem ________ everything that they are doing. A．to know B．know C．knowing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们似乎知道自己正在做的一切。考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选A。 考点13.be busy with sth 忙于某事 [教材原句] Every day, I notice that the robot is busy with all kinds of housework. [探究] be busy with sth意为“____________”；be busy doing sth意为“____________”。 My father seldom exercises because he is busy with his work. The students are busy preparing for the coming exam. 【经典练】 1．All teachers should ________ and love their students at the same time. A．be strict with B．be careful with C．be busy with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：所有的老师都应该严格要求学生，同时也要爱护学生。考查形容词短语。be strict with对……严格；be careful with小心；be busy with忙于。根据“teachers should...and love their students at the same time”可知，老师应该严格要求学生。故选A。 2．— I know people there are doing something useful to protect the environment. — I agree with you. I believe that those areas will be with trees in a few years. A．satisfied B．busy C．covered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我知道那里的人们正在做一些有益的事情来保护环境。——我同意你的看法。我相信几年后这些地区将被树木覆盖。考查形容词辨析。satisfied满意的；busy忙碌的，繁忙的；covered覆盖的。分析句子可知，此处表示“我相信几年后这些地区将被树木覆盖”的含义，构成“be covered with”短语，翻译为“被……覆盖”。故选C。 考点14.unsure adj.不确定，没把握 [教材原句]You are always unsure where you could find your clothes. [探究] unsure 作形容词，意为“不确定，没把握”，反义词为sure，同义词为uncertain。be unsure of/about意为“对……没有把握；对……不确定”；be unsure of oneself意为“缺乏自信”。 Fifty­three per cent of the people were unsure about the result. Like many women, she was unsure of herself. 【经典练】 1．—Why do you look worried? —I doubt whether we can go for a picnic tomorrow. A．want to know B．feel unsure C．become angry 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么看起来很担心？——我怀疑我们明天是否能去野餐。考查动词短语辨析。want to know想知道；feel unsure感到不确定；become angry变得生气。根据“I doubt whether we can go for a picnic tomorrow”可知，对于明天是否能去野餐感到怀疑，也是感到不确定，doubt与feel unsure同义，故选B。 2．—Sam wears a smile on his face, he must be ________ that his answers are right. —I think so, No one did as ________ as him in our class. A．sure, good B．unsure, good C．sure,well D．unsure, well 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——萨姆脸上带着微笑，他一定很确定他的答案是正确的。——我想是的，我们班上没有人比他做得好。考查形容词辨析和副词用法。sure确定的；unsure不确定的；good好的；well好地。根据“he must be...hat his answers are right.”可知是指萨姆一定很确定他的答案是正确的；第二空是修饰动词did，应用副词well，故选C。 一．语法精讲—简单句和复合句之间的转换 英语中按句子的结构可分三种：简单句 (simple sentence)；并列句 (compound sentence)和复合句 (complex sentence)。 ◆简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. ◆并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（;）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 ◆复合句：主句+从句（含有一个或一个以上从句）。主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 01.简单句和复合句之间的转换： 有时，我们可以用“宾语+宾语补足语”或“疑问词+动词不定式”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句，用动词不定式将含有结果状语从句或目的状语从句的复合句转换成简单句。 02.用“宾语+宾语补足语”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句： “宾语十宾语补足语”中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的动词不定式、动词-ing或介词短语等。 1.see/notice/hear/watch that sb.is doing/does.. →see/notice/hear/watch +sb.(宾格)+doing/do… 2.find/think/feel/consider that sb.is+adj. →find/think/feel/consider+sb.(宾格)+adj. 3.find/think/feel that it is+adj.+to do sth. →find/think/feel+it+adj.+to do sth. 4.consider that sb.is+n. →consider+sb.(宾格)+n. 03.用“疑问词+动词不定式”将含有宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句： ▲①有些由who、which、what、when,where、how等疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句可以转换成“疑问代词/疑问副词+动词不定式”结构。 ▲②此时，主句的谓语动词通常是know、remember、forget、learn等。 1.当主句的主语与宾语从句的主语一致时，可以将复合句改为简单句。 ★I can't decide what I shall buy for his birthday. →I can't decide what to buy for his birthday. 我决定不了给他买什么生日礼物。 2.当主句中含有双宾语且间接宾语与宾语从句的主语一致时，也可将这个复合句变为简单句： ★Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? →Can you tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我怎么到邮局吗? 04.用动词不定式将含有结果状语从句或目的状语从句的复合句转换成简单句 ▲①含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换： 1.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是肯定句，且其主语与主句主语一致时，可用…enough to do sth.替换。 ★Tom is so clever that he can work out the maths problem. →Tom is clever enough to work out the maths problem. 汤姆很聪明，能解出这道数学题。 2.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是否定句，且其主语与主句主语一致时，可用too…to do sth.替换。 3.在含有so…that引导的结果状语从句的复合句中， 当从句是否定句，且其主语与主句主语不一致时，可用too…for sb.to do sth.或not…enough for sb.to do sth.替换。 ★The bag is so heavy that I can't carry it. →The bag is too heavy for me to carry. →The bag is not light enough for me to carry. 这包太重了，我提不动。 ▲②含有so that引导的目的状语从句的复合句，当主句主语和从句主语一致时，可以用in order to/so as to来转换成简单句。 ★He exercises every day so that he can keep healthy. →He exercises every day in order to keep healthy. 为了保持健康，他每天锻炼身体。 宾语从句可以用“宾语＋宾语补足语”、“疑问词＋动词不定式”的形式转换成简单句。而目的、结果状语从句可转换成“动词不定式”的用法。如： I saw that he was reading the book carefully. 我看到他在仔细读书。 →I saw him reading the book carefully. I know how I should drive a car.我知道如何开车。 →I know how to drive a car. He got up early so that he would not miss the train.为了不错过这班火车，他很早就起床了。 →He got up early in order not to miss the train. 下面我们看看简单句和复合句之间的转换。 1、用“宾语+ 宾语补足语”将宾语从句转化成简单句。如： I found that he was very happy.→I found him very happy. I noticed that he was entering the room.→I noticed him entering the room. 与notice和find有相同用法的动词还有 hear, see , think , watch等。 2、用“疑问词+ 动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句。 I don’t know how I can get to the robot shop. =I don’t know how to get to the robot shop. You don’t know whom you can talk to . =You don’t know whom to talk to . 注意： 1.）宾语从句中从句的主语和主句的主语是同一人时，才可以转换，且主语的谓语动词通常是know, remember, forget, learn等。 2.）疑问词Why不能和动词不定式连用。 3、用“ 动词不定式”将结果状语从句或目的状语从句转换成简单句。如： He is so young that he can’t go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school. She is so clever that she can work out this difficult maths question. →She is clever enough to work out this difficult maths question. He exercises every day so that he can keep fit.为了保持健康，他每天锻炼身体。 →He exercises every day in order to keep fit. 注意： 1.）用“动词不定式”将结果状语从句或目的状语从句转换成简单句的前提是从句的主语和主句的主语一致。 2.）结果状语从句so…that…的结构可以用too…to…或（not）…enough to….来转换；目的状语从句可以用in order to 来转换。 二、单元话题写作 本单元以“机器人”为话题，话题内容贴近学生生活，易于激起学生对于现代科技尤其是机器人的兴趣，同时也能引导学生对未来机器人功能的理性思考。课本通过对江先生的家用机器人、国际机器人展、对机器人的投诉以及机器人商店回复等内容展开教学。本单元中的江先生对自己的机器人不满意，想要把机器人退还给商店，写一封投诉信给商店。 写作框架： Paragraph 1: Explain the problem Describe the problems that the robot has (such as short battery life, limited working time, room chaos, and objects being knocked over, etc.) Paragraph 2:Express dissatisfaction Emphasize that you have tried to contact the merchant but have not received a response, and express your dissatisfaction with the merchant's service attitude and after-sales handling. Letter of complaint Paragraph 3:Present expectations State the desire to return the item and receive a refund, and express expectations for the merchant's response. 典例赏析： 假设你的机器人坏了。请你给机器人商店的经理写一封投诉信，要求退货、退款。 内容要点： 1. 上个月，你从机器人商店买了一台名叫Goldfish的机器人； 2. 回家仅仅使用了一个月就出故障了； 3. 电池仅持续两天，每天只能工作三小时…… 4. 去过机器人商店，但是没有得到回复； 5. 要求退款、退货。 要求： 1. 投诉信须包含所给内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯； 2. 第3要点须用2—3句话展开合理想象，作适当发挥； 3. 词数90左右，投诉信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 4th March, 2018 Robot Shop 25 River Street Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Hu Quan 【解题思路】 1. 题干解读：本文属于书信写作，按记叙文格式来写。根据题目要求，内容要点要依次写出来，特别是第三点要用两到三句话展开叙述。 2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第一人称单数叙述故事，在叙述购买过程采用一般过去时，描述机器的使用现状主要采用一般现在时。写作时直接按内容要点叙述相关事件，注意简单扼要，表达时倾注情感，要体现投诉不满的情绪。 【写作步骤】 第一步:阐述问题,首先明确地描述机器人存在的问题，如电池寿命短、工作时间受限、房间混乱以及物品被撞翻等。 第二步:表达不满,强调自己已经尝试过联系商家，但未得到回应，表达对商家的服务态度和售后处理的不满。 第三步:提出期望,最后，明确表示希望能够退货并得到退款，并表达出对商家回复的期待。 【满分作文】 4th March, 2018 Robot Shop 25 River Street Dear Sir or Madam, Last month, I bought a robot named Goldfish in your robot shop. But it went wrong only one month after I got it back. The batteries can only last for two days. And it can only work for three hours a day. The room is always in a mess though it is designed to do housework for its master. What is worse, it knocks everything over. I have been to your robot shop, but there is no reply. I hope I can return it to your shop and have my money back. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Hu Quan 【亮点词汇】 1.battery life 电池寿命 2.work for three hours a day 每天工作三小时 3.designed to do housework 为其主人做家务 4.in a mess 混乱不堪 5.knocks everything over 把一切都撞翻 6.have my money back 退款 【高分句型】 1.But it went wrong only one month after I got it back. (时间状语从句) 2.What is worse, it knocks everything over. (副词引导的从句) 1.complain about sb to sp/sb 向某人抱怨某事/人 2. post sth for sb 为某人寄某物 post sb sth = post sth to sb 寄某样东西给某人 3.be satisfy satisfied with 意思是“对……感到满意（满足） 4.be ready for = be ready to do … 5. After a few comfortable weeks, however, things started to go wrong. 然而，几周的舒适生活之后，情况开始不对了。 after a few weeks = a few weeks later 短语go wrong的意思是“出现问题” 短语go wrong用于描述机器时，可表示机器“发生故障，出毛病”。 6.no longer=not any longer多指时间, 用来修饰具体状态。 no more = not any more指数量和程度, 用来修饰动作。 7.be in a mess (杂乱不堪)，make a mess (搞得一塌糊涂)。 8.有时间去放松 have time to relax 9.拥有更多的业余时间 have more free time 10. 从……订购……order sth. from… 11.在超市里购物 go shopping at the supermarket 12.看起来像新的一样好 look as good as new 13.为……做准备 be ready for sth /to do dth. 14.大体上 in general 15.开始出错 start to go wrong 16. 感染病毒 catch a virus 17.犯愚蠢的错误 make stupid mistakes 18.把某人叫醒 wake sb. Up 19.在洗衣机里/垃圾箱里 in the washing machine/ rubbish bin 20.把东西打翻 knock things over 21.for free的意思是“免费” 22.up to standard 的意思是“合格” 23.对….满意 be satisfied with 24.更加注意到 pay more attention to 25.结果as a result 26.至少at least 27.一直发出指令 give instructions all the time 28.….怎么了What’s wrong with…? 29.一点也不 not at all 30.退款get money back 31.持续last for 32.需要被need doing=need to be done 温馨提示： 1.使用宾语从句或宾语+宾语补足语 ①He saw that the robot was making breakfast. He saw the robot making breakfast. ②He found that his flat was in a complete mess. He found his flat in a complete mess. ③He thinks that it is too much trouble to own a robot. He thinks it too much trouble to own a robot. 2.使用宾语从句或疑问词+to不定式 ①The robot no longer knew when it should cook breakfast. The robot no longer knew when to cook breakfast. ②Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot. Mr Jiang did not know what to do with the robot. 3.使用状语从句或to不定式 ①Mr Jiang is always so busy that he does not have any time for hobbies. Mr Jiang is always too busy to have any time for hobbies. ②The robot is so smart that it can do a lot of things for Mr Jiang. The robot is smart enough to do a lot of things for Mr Jiang. ③Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time. Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot in order to have more free time. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$