试题猜想专题16 完形填空（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【学考必备】2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（江苏专用）

专题16 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 基础知识梳理 考点精讲讲练 考点一　首句概览法 考点二　语境推测法 考点三 上下文呼应法 考点二　文化背景法 实战能力训练 完形填空是基于词汇考查的一种题型。同学们首先应加强积累，良好的词汇认知，熟词生义，一词多义是做好完形的必备能力。其次，同学们应熟悉语篇结构，重视主题句和关键句，把握文章的主题思想和写作态度。掌握完形填空答题技巧的同时还要对语言知识，文化意识和思维品质等学科核心素养进行渗透。总体而言，完形填空的解题步骤 1. 通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2. 瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3. 复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4. 再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 常用答题微技能如下： 1.利用关联词汇； 关联词汇指某词以原词，同根词，同义词，近义词，上下义词，反义词等方式在语篇中复现。 2.利用逻辑推断； 句内或句组间常见的逻辑关系有因果，转折，对比，递进，并列，条件，概括，结果和顺序等关系。 3.利用语境提示； 语境既包括整个语篇的主旨也包括空格上下文较小语境的提示。 4.利用背景常识。 背景常识包括相关话题的文化背景知识，科普常识以及生活常识。 技巧一 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文。 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 例1 Mr. Dalton taught us plane geometry(平面几何) 37 years ago. I was a quiet kid. I neither got in much trouble nor got 1 . Somehow, plane geometry really 2 for me in his class. Toward the end of the year, Mr. Dalton wanted to 3 our knowledge and gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test. The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown. We were required to 4 the result using our theorems(定理). I completed 24 problems quickly, but number seventeen was a 5 ! I spent thirty minutes on that proof and 6 I made it with all my efforts. 7 I marked the question true and handed in the test. When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96, and number seventeen was 8 wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand 9 . Instead of 10 that this was a nationally standardized test and there, couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing I’ve ever seen a teacher do: he held out the 11 to me with an encouraging smile on his face. I went to the board for the first time and 12 my proof, using the whole board and three different colors of chalk. In the end, everyone clapped. Mr. Dalton gave 13 for my answer on number seventeen, and I ended up with a grade of 104. When I returned 37 years later to visit him again, Alzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默氏症) had 14 his mind, but he still wore a happy grin. I have been 15 to Mr. Dalton for allowing me to challenge his authority and empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right. 1. A. caught B. noticed C. confused D. inspected 2. A. existed B. twisted C. faded D. clicked 3. A. evaluate B. expand C. found D. witness 4. A. release B. identify C. categorize D. prove 5. A. ballpark B. towel C. curveball D. goalpost 6. A. eventually B. mostly C. gradually D. constantly 7. A. Fascinated B. Embarrassed C. Satisfied D. Depressed 8. A. assumed B. marked C. detected D. entitled 9. A. took in B. shot up C. came about D. got across 10. A. suspecting B. admitting C. implying D. arguing 11. A. board B. chalk C. paper D. book 12. A. demonstrated B. employed C. boosted D. arranged 13. A. account B. scholarship C. credit D. faith 14. A. undergone B. claimed C. lowered D. stabilized 15. A. admirable B. patient C. grateful D. tolerant 技巧二 语境推测法 完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 例2 Being honest at work can be incredibly beneficial and allows one to live life with a clear conscience. This was the 16 that Ram Akawal Mandal, a worker at AEON Alpha Angle store in Kuala Lumpur, 17 when he found a bag that contained $3,868 in cash. The store has put up a Facebook post where they 18 the employee for what he did after he found the bag. The post 19 how Mandal saw the bag in a trolley in the parking lot of the store. It contained a few personal documents of the owner, in addition to a huge amount of cash. The post read, “After the bag was 20 to the customer service counter, it was safely returned to its owner when a woman came to 21 it, saying her bag was left in the trolley.” The woman shared that all the money in the bag was intact(完整) and she was 22 with Mandal’s honest attitude. The company 23 to give him an award for his work ethic. The company also 24 a follow-up post that detailed how Mandal was given a celebratory lunch to 25 his “outstanding integrity”. They wrote, “Thank you for embodying(体现) the store’s   26 and setting a shining example for us all. We are 27 of you. And keep up the excellent work!” People on the social media site were very pleased to see this and shared their 28 in the comments section. Cormac said, “Congratulations! You’re a (n) 29 man. Your company is very lucky to have you.” In this way, taking an honest 30 is great in the workplace. 16. A. standard B. goal C. quality D. passion 17. A. emphasized B. showcased C. remembered D. appreciated 18. A. consulted B. thanked C. motivated D. praised 19. A. described B. predicted C. imagined D. questioned 20. A. passed on B. handed over C. sold out D. linked up 21. A. claim B. make C. possess D. take 22. A. careful B. satisfied C. impressed D. associated 23. A. refused B. determined C. attempted D. hesitated 24. A. requested B. reported C. mentioned D. shared 25. A. cover B. promote C. review D. acknowledge 26. A. values B. trends C. expectations D. achievements 27. A. worthy B. critical C. proud D. suspicious 28. A. stories B. thoughts C. proposals D. conclusions 29. A. ambitious B. persistent C. adaptable D. awesome 30. A. approach B. suggestion C. opportunity D. lifestyle 技巧三 上下文呼应法 上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 例3 Attending a new school can be a big challenge for any student. 31 , for 15-yea -old Sergio Peralta, he found a group of innovative students who 32 his life. In the first days of the new school year at Hendersonville, Peralta tried to cover up the 33 fact — his right hand was not fully 34 . But a teacher in the engineering program, Jeff Wilkins, eventually learned of the 35 and suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out. Though the students were unsure if the idea would work, they didn’t let 36 stop them from trying. With 37 to online models and a 3D printer, they spent four weeks 38 , sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta. Then the students 39 it with a game of catch. For the first time, Peralta was able to play catch with both hands. And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never 40 it. The students also discovered 41 how engineering can be used to make a 42 difference. This ambitious project 43 not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class, which was meant to turn concepts into 44 , said principal Bob Cotter. Peralta’s robotic hand bears 45 to the kindness and creativity of the students. 31. A. Stressfully B. Happily C. Obviously D. Secretly 32. A. extended B. saved C. transformed D. shaped 33. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. inspiring D. puzzling 34. A. protected B. copied C. developed D. examined 35. A. opportunity B. potential C. progress D. situation 36. A. laughter B. uncertainty C. fear D. shame 37. A. access B. regard C. priority D. devotion 38. A. proposing B. training C. designing D. displaying 39. A. tested B. measured C. recorded D. improved 40. A. trusted B. expected C. abandoned D. regretted 41. A. comprehensively B. first-hand C. toughly D. single-handed 42. A. practical B. reasonable C. competitive D. social 43. A. adapts to B. begins with C. focuses on D. stands for 44. A. dream B. support C. profit D. reality 45. A. preference B. response C. witness D. reward 技巧四 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 Sarah Thomas set a new record by swimming across the English Channel four times. What makes Ms. Thomas’s story even more 46 is that Sarah was struggling to recover from breast cancer. Before the swim, everyone tried to persuade Sarah to 47 the plan. But she had a strong desire to finish the task and made good preparations for the 48 . Recognizing that she couldn’t complete the task 49 , she invited a group of helpful friends to go with her, who were 50 to offer Sarah assistance day and night. Sarah walked into the water very early in the morning and began to swim. The team put a layer of grease(油脂) on Sarah’s 51 to protect her from coldness. The team followed her in a 52 to encourage and support her. There was a light on her back so she could be 53 at night. Along the way, she “ate” by drinking from a bottle that was thrown into the water from the support boat. The team brought a flash chain so that Sarah could be 54 back to the boat when necessary. For 55 of the trip, Sarah was having a hard time keeping any sort of food down. Along the way, the salt water began to hurt her mouth and 56 . As a result, she could hardly speak. On the final crossing, Sarah had to deal with strong currents — moving water that 57 her way. 58 three days of swimming, Sarah slowly reached the shore in Dover, England. She celebrated on the beach by eating candies — her first 59 food in a long time. 60 , she covered around 134 miles. No one’s ever done what Sarah did — swim the Channel four times without stopping. 46. A. amazing B. fun C. disappointing D. serious 47. A. carry out B. write down C. give up D. talk about 48. A. hike B. sail C. adventure D. performance 49. A. carefully B. independently C. secretly D. attentively 50. A. willing B. excited C. nervous D. required 51. A. head B. hair C. clothes D. skin 52. A. boat B. ship C. raft D. board 53. A. examined B. treated C. grasped D. spotted 54. A. swam B. pulled C. put D. thrown 55. A. rest B. much C. none D. little 56. A. throat B. stomach C. leg D. face 57. A. made B. continued C. crossed D. blocked 58. A. After B. Until C. Throughout D. For 59. A. light B. solid C. chemical D. convenient 60. A. After all B. At all C. In all D. Of all Passage 1 [2024江苏省常熟中学高二上学期十月阶段性学业水平调研英语试卷]Nisha Blackwell was putting herself through nursing school when she was laid off for the third time. To make matters worse, she couldn’t 1 a gift after being invited to attend the birthday party of a close friend’s daughter just a few days later. “That’s 2 I looked around and I said, ‘What do I have?’ I had a sewing machine still in a box,” she says. “And I had this bag of cloth.” But she didn’t 3 know how to sew. So she turned to YouTube and taught herself, “I was typing into YouTube: How to 4 a sewing machine...” she remembers. I probably didn’t make the machine work 5 midnight and this was in the hot summer when my house didn’t have air conditioning. I remember sitting there, just sweating to death, but so 6 to make this thing for this party!” She 7 making a box of hair bows(蝴蝶结发饰). She went to the party, restless, 8 how people would react when knew that the hair bows were handmade. “I was so 9 because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth, and I felt like I must have done something wrong. But something 10 happened. My friend 11 the box out onto a high chair and I remember all of the parents coming up to me saying, so 12 ! “Where did you get them? How did you do that? Can you make me some?” Nisha left the party with six customers and started getting 13 soon. She began training other women from her 14 to produce the product. “If you light a lamp for somebody, it will also brighten your path. I make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only 15 me.” Nisha says. 1. A. receive B. wrap C. design D. afford 2. A. how B. when C. why D. what 3. A. actually B. merely C. necessarily D. desperately 4. A. charge B. handle C. tailor D. apply 5. A. since B. by C. until D. after 6. A. confident B. determined C. courageous D. committed 7. A. ended up B. took to C. dug up D. turned to 8. A. deciding B. admiring C. demanding D. wondering 9. A. curious B. sensitive C. nervous D. confused 10. A. unhappy B. unexpected C. unreasonable D. uncertain 11. A. handed B. laid C. picked D. emptied 12. A. primitive B. amazing C. complicated D. inspiring 13. A. supplies B. funds C. materials D. orders 14. A. community B. factory C. country D. charity 15. A. convincing B. impressing C. benefiting D. challenging Passage 2 [2024江苏省阜宁，滨海，射阳三校高二下学期5月学业水平选择性考试联考]A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modern technology. Margaret Griffiths said she 16 the weekly classes to keep her mind active and intended to “keep on doing what I desire to do as 17 as I can”. Born in 1921, Ms Griffiths began a 40-year 18 in teaching at a primary school and 19 became a head teacher. She made a promise to herself to learn something   20 every day. “I 21 my life to the world of education, and I am still exploring to this day. I have never 22 ” she said But her 23 came before the introduction of computers and before long she deeply felt she was 24 . Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza library which offers classes six days a week. She said she had no access to computers during her career, so she 25 at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classes 26 offer. “I don’t know what future is 27 for me, but I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life. I am still 28 , even at my age, and I am always happy to learn-long may it continue.” “At 100, all the other learners are younger than me, but I enjoy the classes and the 29 very much indeed, which make me feel energetic and passionate.” added Margaret Griffiths, whose life is a good 30 of the saying: It’s never too late to learn. 16. A. joined B. organized C. attended D. paid 17. A. well B. much C. soon D. long 18. A. career B. ambition C. adventure D. assessment 19. A. fortunately B. eventually C. potentially D. naturally 20. A. new B. necessary C. essential D. amusing 21. A. spent B. employed C. committed D. occupied 22. A. tried B. grasped C. failed D. stopped 23. A. regret B. retirement C. frustration D. embarrassment 24. A. out of date B. out of order C. out of shape D. out of practice 25. A. seized B. looked C. jumped D. arrived 26. A. in B. on C. at D. by 27. A. in turn B. in favor C. in store D. in place 28. A. being educated B. being suspected C. being qualified D. being helped 29. A. comfort B. performance C. company D. reward 30. A. combination B. demonstration C. emphasis D. analysis Passage 3 Last year, I received a special present. My children 31 me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldn’t 32 to use it. But 33 I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my 34 face! I kept trying, but each morning I 35 be seen wiping up the coffee. Then I realized if I poured very 36 , there could be no spilling. My normal 37 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 38 the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day. It promoted me to 39 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most 40 moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting, I’d say, “Not a problem. I’m not 41 .” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with 42 and sharing our own stories, 43 we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a 44 we could handle. Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also 45 the soul, helping us to enjoy the world’s small pleasures and realize the truth of life. 31. A. lent B. offered C. gifted D. asked 32. A. help B. wait C. know D. complain 33. A. since B. before C. as D. until 34. A. disappointed B. delightful C. amused D. astonished 35. A. would B. should C. must D. need 36. A. quickly B. casually C. slowly D. patiently 37. A. promise B. practice C. tradition D. standard 38. A. possess B. clarify C. realize D. enjoy 39. A. reflect B. decide C. react D. respond 40. A. difficult B. ordinary C. special D. awkward 41. A. in difficulty B. in trouble C. in a hurry D. in danger 42. A. colleagues B. friends C. relatives D. strangers 43. A. only if B. as if C. if only D. if ever 44. A. pace B. stage C. point D. occasion 45. A. explains B. inspects C. blesses D. feeds Passage 4 Bethany Firth, now a famous swimmer, has learning difficulty. But when she was a small child, she fell into a swimming pool, which made her 46 of water and determined never to swim. That was until Firth went to a school where swimming lessons were 47 . Firth did everything she could to get out of the lessons, like leaving her swimsuit(泳衣) out of her bag 48 . Eventually, Firth couldn’t avoid 49 lessons any longer-she had to get into the water. 50 , surprisingly, once she started swimming, she never looked back. She trained regularly and became a(n) 51 swimmer. Her hard work paid off. She 52 gold in the 2012 London Paralympics(残奥会). After her success, Firth continued to train hard. She felt she was 53 when it was time for the 2016 Rio Paralympics. Firth took the chance and returned home 54 after winning three golds and a silver. In 2017, Firth was 55 to Buckingham Palace to receive an honour (MBE) for her 56 to swimming. “I feel like sport has 57 so many doors for me. I’m happy to 58 my story and help inspire people to 59 their dreams. I also want to help people get a better understanding of people with 60 difficulty,” said Firth. 46. A. afraid B. capable C. proud D. short 47. A. missed B. funny C. required D. boring 48. A. in sight B. in turn C. on time D. on purpose 49. A. jumping B. swimming C. running D. jogging 50. A. So B. But C. For D. Or 51. A. honest B. average C. strong D. patient 52. A. bought B. made C. borrowed D. won 53. A. hopeless B. ready C. moved D. weak 54. A. successful B. careful C. awful D. painful 55. A. attracted B. forced C. pushed D. invited 56. A. contributions B. agreements C. introductions D. responses 57. A. closed B. kicked C. opened D. broken 58. A. remember B. share C. record D. sell 59. A. drop B. steal C. change D. realize 60. A. learning B. hearing C. dancing D. smelling Passage 5 On May 4, Fan Jinshi donated 10 million yuan to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund. Fan is 61 as a famous archaeologists(考古学家) in China, and her 62 will support further research into Dunhuang. All people present were 63 by her love for Dunhuang. Fan Jinshi, also 64 as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”, 65 from Peking University and then 66 for the Northwest Desert. Since then, she has 67 herself to protecting the caves in history. Fan used 68 technologies to protect the caves, and now Dunhuang 69 tourists from around the world. Today, Fan is still trying to promote talks and 70 between Peking University and the Dunhuang School. Fan said, “Though now I work, I am a student of Peking University, and I was able to 71 to the caves in Dunhuang. I hope that the fund can help 72 the Dunhuang studies of Peking University.” The fund 73 Fan’s prize money and her savings. She believes in taking money from the right place and spending it in a 74 way to ensure that it is used for the benefit of society. Fan Jinshi’s speech 75 so many people, and the research on Chinese archaeology will continue developing. 61. A. organized B. considered C. frightened D. encouraged 62. A. wish B. respect C. opinion D. donation 63. A. moved B. thanked C. connected D. explained 64. A. known B. informed C. allowed D. sent 65. A. admired B. expected C. explained D. graduated 66. A. set up B. break out C. set off D. break down 67. A. applied B. replied C. supplied D. relied 68. A. delicious B. unique C. false D. dizzy 69. A. affects B. welcomes C. offers D. shares 70. A. description B. definition C. responsibility D. exchanges 71. A. lead B. owe C. contribute D. stick 72. A. improve B. rise C. dream D. devote 73. A. shows up B. consists of C. takes off D. stands out 74. A. final B. lucky C. wise D. simple 75. A. included B. reminded C. cared D. inspired Passage 6 Andrew Powell was pulling envelopes from the large mailbox outside his contemporary house when he noticed something 76 : A tiny doll couple were sitting on a love seat inside the mailbox. A small note was attached. “We’ve decided to live here,” the 77 read. It was signed from Mary and Shelley. Andrew initially figured that somebody must have left them there 78 . So he asked the neighbors whether anybody had left 79 in his mailbox, and everyone said no. Soon, Andrew and his wife discovered that the small couple had 80 a tea table, a pretty carpet and a pillow. Over the next few months, additional items mysteriously 81 : a bed, a painting and a wood-burning stove, to name a few. For Christmas 2022, a decorated tree was left with tiny presents. But the gifts were taken back right after Christmas 82 Andrew could open the boxes to see if anything was inside. More than a year later, Mary and Shelley are still living rent-free in the mailbox, to the delight of the neighbors who now 83 Andrew’s updates on the village’s website to check the 84 . Andrew first posted about the tiny dolls on Aug. 21, 2022, hoping his fellow villagers might help solve the 85 . “It’s just somebody out there who is having some fun, giving us all a little community 86 . But whoever is doing this is obviously very 87 and clever,” says Andrew’s next-door neighbor. Andrew says he now doesn’t want to know who is 88 for the mail-box affair because he’s hoping it will continue. “Also, people in the neighborhood are 89 it and some ask if I’ve thought about installing an outdoor 90 , but personally, I like the mystery of it.” 76. A. alive B. unusual C. important D. unique 77. A. notice B. board C. mail D. message 78. A. by mistake B. by chance C. on purpose D. on sale 79. A. gifts B. cards C. dolls D. posts 80. A. displayed B. acquired C. designed D. decorated 81. A. came back B. wandered off C. showed up D. broke in 82. A. before B. since C. unless D. when 83. A. follow B. comment C. download D. appreciate 84. A. improvement B. possibility C. truth D. progress 85. A. difficulty B. conflict C. case D. mystery 86. A. care B. humor C. blessing D. support 87. A. artistic B. academic C. sympathetic D. realistic 88. A. suitable B. eager C. responsible D. ambitious 89. A. describing B. imitating C. celebrating D. enjoying 90. A. light B. camera C. tent D. bench Passage 7 Many nursing homes all over the world are locked down to protect their residents from the COVID-19. Group-f is a 91 company in Belgium, whose employees wash the outsides of tall buildings, using platforms that are lifted by cranes(起重机). When the COVID-19 hit Belgium, Group-f’s business 92 . The cranes sat 93 . But one day, company manager Bosch saw a man standing on the 94 and shouting up to his mother who was looking down 95 from her window on the third floor of a nursing home. This gave Bosch a perfect 96 . Bosch realized he could put the cranes to good use. Ever since, he has been 97 them to nursing homes. There, a family can 98 a platform that a crane operator will lift up to the window of a loved one. Eve Putseys came to see her 88-year-old aunt, who lives in La Cambre, a nursing home. Before she 99 the platform, Putseys didn’t know what to expect. “It’s been seven long weeks that I haven’t been 100 to see her,” she said. But when Putseys returned to the ground, she was 101 . “I finally got to see her. She looked very happy to see me,” she said. Officials at La Cambre helped organize the crane-operated 102 . “It’s been hard work but quite 103 ,” director Thibaut Chevrier says. Bosch 104 that operating the machines costs his company money. But he has no 105 . “It’s a great honor to help people,” he says. 91. A. travel B. design C. building D. cleaning 92. A. slowed down B. broke out C. fell back D. knocked down 93. A. unpacked B. unnoticed C. unused D. untouched 94. A. platform B. ground C. window D. crane 95. A. secretly B. proudly C. cautiously D. tearfully 96. A. chance B. idea C. dream D. memory 97. A. hiring B. sending C. employing D. accompanying 98. A. stand on B. set up C. return to D. head for 99. A. got B. selected C. landed D. exchanged 100. A. determined B. willing C. amused D. able 101. A. smiling B. moving C. worrying D. waiting 102. A. voyage B. visit C. tour D. adventure 103. A. unnecessary B. natural C. practical D. skeptical 104. A. anticipates B. responds C. acknowledges D. realizes 105. A. anxieties B. promises C. excuses D. regrets Passage 8 Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 106 person, with passion, can do. One day, when 107 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 108 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 109 who he was and what he did. After some 110 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 111 others. Sadly, he was 112 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing. Feeling that the small memorial was 113 big enough for a man who had so much 114 on others, Sarah 115 to do something! There was a new 116 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 117 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school. Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 118 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 119 her idea. Her amazing actions have 120 many other young people around the world. 106. A. honest B. young C. clever D. shy 107. A. walking B. running C. riding D. driving 108. A. museum B. church C. board D. memorial 109. A. forgot B. realized C. wondered D. explained 110. A. discussion B. research C. practice D. thought 111. A. teach B. rescue C. help D. repay 112. A. killed B. punished C. blamed D. arrested 113. A. rarely B. simply C. merely D. hardly 114. A. impact B. impression C. reflection D. dependence 115. A. stopped B. decided C. happened D. announced 116. A. library B. theatre C. school D. hospital 117. A. in need of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in charge of 118. A. curiosity B. confidence C. chance D. energy 119. A. prove B. change C. present D. pursue 120. A. astonished B. inspired C. attracted D. protected ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题16 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 基础知识梳理 考点精讲讲练 考点一　首句概览法 考点二　语境推测法 考点三 上下文呼应法 考点二　文化背景法 实战能力训练 完形填空是基于词汇考查的一种题型。同学们首先应加强积累，良好的词汇认知，熟词生义，一词多义是做好完形的必备能力。其次，同学们应熟悉语篇结构，重视主题句和关键句，把握文章的主题思想和写作态度。掌握完形填空答题技巧的同时还要对语言知识，文化意识和思维品质等学科核心素养进行渗透。总体而言，完形填空的解题步骤 1. 通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2. 瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3. 复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4. 再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 常用答题微技能如下： 1.利用关联词汇； 关联词汇指某词以原词，同根词，同义词，近义词，上下义词，反义词等方式在语篇中复现。 2.利用逻辑推断； 句内或句组间常见的逻辑关系有因果，转折，对比，递进，并列，条件，概括，结果和顺序等关系。 3.利用语境提示； 语境既包括整个语篇的主旨也包括空格上下文较小语境的提示。 4.利用背景常识。 背景常识包括相关话题的文化背景知识，科普常识以及生活常识。 技巧一 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文。 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 例1 Mr. Dalton taught us plane geometry(平面几何) 37 years ago. I was a quiet kid. I neither got in much trouble nor got 1 . Somehow, plane geometry really 2 for me in his class. Toward the end of the year, Mr. Dalton wanted to 3 our knowledge and gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test. The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown. We were required to 4 the result using our theorems(定理). I completed 24 problems quickly, but number seventeen was a 5 ! I spent thirty minutes on that proof and 6 I made it with all my efforts. 7 I marked the question true and handed in the test. When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96, and number seventeen was 8 wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand 9 . Instead of 10 that this was a nationally standardized test and there, couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing I’ve ever seen a teacher do: he held out the 11 to me with an encouraging smile on his face. I went to the board for the first time and 12 my proof, using the whole board and three different colors of chalk. In the end, everyone clapped. Mr. Dalton gave 13 for my answer on number seventeen, and I ended up with a grade of 104. When I returned 37 years later to visit him again, Alzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默氏症) had 14 his mind, but he still wore a happy grin. I have been 15 to Mr. Dalton for allowing me to challenge his authority and empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right. 1. A. caught B. noticed C. confused D. inspected 2. A. existed B. twisted C. faded D. clicked 3. A. evaluate B. expand C. found D. witness 4. A. release B. identify C. categorize D. prove 5. A. ballpark B. towel C. curveball D. goalpost 6. A. eventually B. mostly C. gradually D. constantly 7. A. Fascinated B. Embarrassed C. Satisfied D. Depressed 8. A. assumed B. marked C. detected D. entitled 9. A. took in B. shot up C. came about D. got across 10. A. suspecting B. admitting C. implying D. arguing 11. A. board B. chalk C. paper D. book 12. A. demonstrated B. employed C. boosted D. arranged 13. A. account B. scholarship C. credit D. faith 14. A. undergone B. claimed C. lowered D. stabilized 15. A. admirable B. patient C. grateful D. tolerant 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者37年前上平面几何课的经历，Dalton老师鼓励作者勇敢表达自己的观点，这让作者受益匪浅。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既没惹太多麻烦也没被注意到。A. caught抓住；B. noticed注意到；C. confused使困惑；D. inspected检查。根据前文“I was a quiet kid. I neither got in much trouble nor got”可知，作者是一个安静的孩子，所以既不会惹麻烦也不会被注意到。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，平面几何在他的课上真的适合我。A. existed存在；B. twisted扭曲；C. faded褪色；D. clicked豁然开朗，被突然明白。根据后文“I completed 24 problems quickly”可知，作者很快地完成24道题，说明作者突然明白Dalton老师的平面几何课。故选D。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了年底，Dalton先生想评估我们的知识，给了我们一个25道题的全国标准化真假测试。A. evaluate评估；B. expand扩展；C. found发现；D. witness目击。根据后文“gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test”可知，Dalton老师组织了一次测试，目的是评估一下学生们的知识。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们被要求用我们的定理来证明结果。A. release释放；B. identify识别；C. categorize分类；D. prove证明。根据前文“The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown.”和后文“the result using our theorems”、“I spent thirty minutes on that proof”可知，测试题先给出了结论，然后要求学生用定理去证明它。故选D。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快完成了24个问题，但第17个是一个曲线球！A. ballpark可变通范围；B. towel毛巾；C. curveball棘手的问题；D. goalpost球门柱。根据后文“I spent thirty minutes on that proof”可知，作者花了30分钟来证明第17题，所以此处表示第17题是一个棘手的问题。故选C。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我花了三十分钟来证明这一点，最终我全力以赴做到了。A. eventually最终；B. mostly主要地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. constantly不断地。根据前文“I spent thirty minutes on that proof”和后文“I made it with all my efforts”可知，作者花了30分钟来证明，所以此处表示最终作者成功了。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很满意，把问题标为真，交了试卷。A. Fascinated着迷的；B. Embarrassed尴尬的；C. Satisfied满意的；D. Depressed沮丧的。根据前文“I made it with all my efforts”可知，作者最终证明出来了，所以此处表示作者很满意。故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当结果第二天回来的时候，我的分数是96分，第17题被标记为错误！A. assumed假定；B. marked标记；C. detected发现；D. entitled使有资格。根据前文“my score was a 96”可知，作者的分数是96分，所以此处表示第17题被标记为错误，导致作者丢分。故选B。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Dalton先生问是否有问题时，我第一次举手。A. took in吸收；B. shot up迅速举起；C. came about发生；D. got across通过。根据前文“my score was a 96, and number seventeen was 8 wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand ”可知，作者对自己的分数有疑问，所以此处表示作者第一次举手提问。故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dalton先生没有争辩说这是一次全国性的标准化测试，答案不可能出错，而是做了我见过的老师做的最有力的事情。A. suspecting怀疑；B. admitting承认；C. implying暗示；D. arguing争辩。根据后文“that this was a nationally standardized test and there, couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing I’ve ever seen a teacher do: he held out the 11 to me with an encouraging smile on his face.”可知，Dalton先生鼓励作者上前证明，所以他没有争辩，而是给了作者机会。故选D。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他微笑着，把粉笔递给我。A. board黑板；B. chalk粉笔；C. paper纸；D. book书。根据后文“using the whole board and three different colors of chalk”可知，Dalton老师把粉笔递给了作者，让作者去黑板上写解析。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次走到黑板前，用整个黑板和三种不同颜色的粉笔证明了我的证明过程。A. demonstrated证明；B. employed雇佣；C. boosted提高；D. arranged安排。根据后文“my proof”可知，此处表示我走到黑板前证明自己的答案。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dalton先生为我的第17题答案给了我学分，我最终以104分的成绩结束。A. account账户；B. scholarship奖学金；C. credit学分；D. faith信仰。根据后文“I ended up with a grade of 104”可知，Dalton先生认可了作者的答案，作者的分数变成了104分，所以Dalton先生为作者的第17题答案给了作者学分。故选C。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我37年后再次去看望他时，阿尔茨海默病已经侵蚀了他的心智，但他仍然面带快乐的笑容。A. undergone经历；B. claimed夺走，侵蚀；C. lowered降低；D. stabilized稳定。根据后文“Alzheimer’s”可知，阿尔茨海默氏症侵蚀了Dalton先生的大脑。故选B。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激Dalton先生允许我挑战他的权威，只要我认为自己是对的，他就鼓励我大胆说出来。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. patient有耐心的；C. grateful感激的；D. tolerant容忍的。根据后文“allowing me to challenge his authority and empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right”可知，Dalton先生允许作者挑战他的权威，作者很感激他。故选C。 技巧二 语境推测法 完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 例2 Being honest at work can be incredibly beneficial and allows one to live life with a clear conscience. This was the 16 that Ram Akawal Mandal, a worker at AEON Alpha Angle store in Kuala Lumpur, 17 when he found a bag that contained $3,868 in cash. The store has put up a Facebook post where they 18 the employee for what he did after he found the bag. The post 19 how Mandal saw the bag in a trolley in the parking lot of the store. It contained a few personal documents of the owner, in addition to a huge amount of cash. The post read, “After the bag was 20 to the customer service counter, it was safely returned to its owner when a woman came to 21 it, saying her bag was left in the trolley.” The woman shared that all the money in the bag was intact(完整) and she was 22 with Mandal’s honest attitude. The company 23 to give him an award for his work ethic. The company also 24 a follow-up post that detailed how Mandal was given a celebratory lunch to 25 his “outstanding integrity”. They wrote, “Thank you for embodying(体现) the store’s   26 and setting a shining example for us all. We are 27 of you. And keep up the excellent work!” People on the social media site were very pleased to see this and shared their 28 in the comments section. Cormac said, “Congratulations! You’re a (n) 29 man. Your company is very lucky to have you.” In this way, taking an honest 30 is great in the workplace. 16. A. standard B. goal C. quality D. passion 17. A. emphasized B. showcased C. remembered D. appreciated 18. A. consulted B. thanked C. motivated D. praised 19. A. described B. predicted C. imagined D. questioned 20. A. passed on B. handed over C. sold out D. linked up 21. A. claim B. make C. possess D. take 22. A. careful B. satisfied C. impressed D. associated 23. A. refused B. determined C. attempted D. hesitated 24. A. requested B. reported C. mentioned D. shared 25. A. cover B. promote C. review D. acknowledge 26. A. values B. trends C. expectations D. achievements 27. A. worthy B. critical C. proud D. suspicious 28. A. stories B. thoughts C. proposals D. conclusions 29. A. ambitious B. persistent C. adaptable D. awesome 30. A. approach B. suggestion C. opportunity D. lifestyle 【答案】 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了某吉隆坡商店的员工拾金不昧物归原主的事迹，借此说明在工作中诚实守信的重要性。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉隆坡AEON Alpha Angle商店的工作人员Ram Akawal Mandal在发现一个装有3868美元现金的袋子时，展现出了这种品质。A. standard标准；B. goal目标；C. quality品质；D. passion激情。由第一句中“Being honest at work”可知，主语This指代的就是“在工作中诚实守信”这种品质，对应后文商店员工拾金不昧的表现。故选C。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉隆坡AEON Alpha Angle商店的工作人员Ram Akawal Mandal在发现一个装有3868美元现金的袋子时，展现出了这种品质。A. emphasized强调；B. showcased展示；C. remembered记得；D. appreciated感激。由后文“Thank you for embodying (体现) the store’s 11 and setting a shining example for us all”可知，空处应表达商店员工Mandal拾金不昧的行为展现出了诚实守信的品质。故选B。 18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该店已经在Facebook发了博文，在文中表扬了这位雇员在发现包后的所作所为。A. consulted咨询；B. thanked感谢；C. motivated激励，激发；D. praised赞扬。由后文“Thank you for embodying (体现) the store’s 11 and setting a shining example for us all”可知，商店对Mandal的行为表示高度肯定，在社交媒体上发文应当是对其进行赞扬的。故选D。 19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：博文描述了Mandal是怎样在商店的停车区的一辆手推车上看到包的。A. described描述；B. predicted预测；C. imagined想象；D. questioned提问。空处需要谓语动词，由空后how引导的宾语从句内容“how Mandal saw the bag in a trolley in the parking lot of the store”可知，商店发布在Facebook上的文章描述了拾金不昧事件的经过。故选A。 20. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：包被交到顾客服务台后，一位女士过来索要，声称她的包被落在手推车里了，包最终完好地物归原主了。A. passed on传递；B. handed over交给；C. sold out售磬；D. linked up连接。空处需要谓语动词且使用被动语态，由主语“the bag ”和宾语“the customer service counter”可知，这里指Mandal发现包后将其交到了服务台。故选B。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：包被交到顾客服务台后，一位女士过来索要，声称她的包被落在手推车里了，包最终完好地物归原主了。A. claim宣布，索要；B. make制作；C. possess拥有；D. take带走。空后的it显然指the bag，由后面的状语“saying her bag was left in the trolley”和事件最后的结果“it was safely returned to its owner”可知，这里表示一位女士前来索回她的包。故选A。 22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位女士表示包里的钱一分不少，她对Mandal的诚实态度印象深刻。A. careful小心的；B. satisfied满足的；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. associated联系。由空前并列的“The woman shared that all the money in the bag was intact (完整) ”推知，Mandal拾金不昧的行为让这位女士留下了很好的印象。故选C。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司决定为他恪守职业道德而给予他奖励。A. refused拒绝；B. determined决定；C. attempted尝试；D. hesitated犹豫。由空后不定式“to give him an award for his work ethic”可知，这里表示Mandal所在的公司做出了奖励他的决定。故选B。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司后续又发了博文，详述了提供给Mandal一顿庆祝宴来感谢他的“无比正直”的过程。A. requested要求；B. reported报道；C. mentioned提及；D. shared分享。空处需要谓语动词，由空后的宾语“a follow-up post”可知，这里表示公司后续又发布、分享了一篇博文。故选D。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司后续又发了博文，详述了提供给Mandal一顿庆祝宴来感谢他的“无比正直”的过程。A. cover覆盖；B. promote提升；C. review复习；D. acknowledge承认，感谢。该句是由how引导的宾语从句，其中主语为Mandal，且使用被动语态，由空后的宾语“his “outstanding integrity””可知，这里表示公司举办庆祝宴是为了感谢、表彰他的正直诚实，与下文中的“Thank you for”呼应。故选D。 26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感谢你体现了我店的价值，为大家树立了光辉的榜样。A. values价值；B. trends趋势；C. expectations期待；D. achievements成就。由空前“Thank you for embodying (体现) the store’s”可知，公司对优秀员工进行表彰，正是因为其体现出了公司的价值、为公司赢得了声誉。故选A。 27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都为你而骄傲。A. worthy值得的；B. critical关键的；C. proud骄傲的；D. suspicious怀疑的。由空后的对象“of you”可知，这里承接公司表示感谢的话语，应表达为Mandal感到自豪、骄傲。故选C。 28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体网站上，人们乐于看到这一事迹，纷纷在评论区分享想法。A. stories故事；B. thoughts想法；C. proposals提议；D. conclusions结论。空处作shared的宾语，由地点状语“in the comments section”可知，这里表示网友们在博文的评论区里分享各自的看法。故选B。 29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是一个很棒的人。A. ambitious有野心的；B. persistent持久的；C. adaptable能适应的；D. awesome极好的。由后文“Your company is very lucky to have you”可知，这里引述网友Cormac的评论，表达的是对Mandal良好品质的赞扬。故选D。 30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：以这种方式，在工作场地保持诚实的态度是极好的。A. approach方式，态度；B. suggestion建议；C. opportunity机会；D. lifestyle生活方式。结合文章首句“Being honest at work can be incredibly beneficial”可知，这里呼应主题，再次点明在工作中应拿出诚实的态度。故选A。 技巧三 上下文呼应法 上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 例3 Attending a new school can be a big challenge for any student. 31 , for 15-yea -old Sergio Peralta, he found a group of innovative students who 32 his life. In the first days of the new school year at Hendersonville, Peralta tried to cover up the 33 fact — his right hand was not fully 34 . But a teacher in the engineering program, Jeff Wilkins, eventually learned of the 35 and suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out. Though the students were unsure if the idea would work, they didn’t let 36 stop them from trying. With 37 to online models and a 3D printer, they spent four weeks 38 , sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta. Then the students 39 it with a game of catch. For the first time, Peralta was able to play catch with both hands. And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never 40 it. The students also discovered 41 how engineering can be used to make a 42 difference. This ambitious project 43 not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class, which was meant to turn concepts into 44 , said principal Bob Cotter. Peralta’s robotic hand bears 45 to the kindness and creativity of the students. 31. A. Stressfully B. Happily C. Obviously D. Secretly 32. A. extended B. saved C. transformed D. shaped 33. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. inspiring D. puzzling 34. A. protected B. copied C. developed D. examined 35. A. opportunity B. potential C. progress D. situation 36. A. laughter B. uncertainty C. fear D. shame 37. A. access B. regard C. priority D. devotion 38. A. proposing B. training C. designing D. displaying 39. A. tested B. measured C. recorded D. improved 40. A. trusted B. expected C. abandoned D. regretted 41. A. comprehensively B. first-hand C. toughly D. single-handed 42. A. practical B. reasonable C. competitive D. social 43. A. adapts to B. begins with C. focuses on D. stands for 44. A. dream B. support C. profit D. reality 45. A. preference B. response C. witness D. reward 【答案】 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. B 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一群富有创造力的工程学专业学生为右手残疾的同学Peralta制作机械手的故事。 31. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于15岁的塞尔吉奥·佩拉尔塔来说，他发现了一群创新的学生，他们改变了他的生活。A. Stressfully紧张地；B. Happily快乐；C. Obviously显然；D. Secretly秘密地。根据后文学生为他制作了机械手，改变了他的生活，可知这是幸运地。故选B。 32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于15岁的塞尔吉奥·佩拉尔塔来说，他发现了一群创新的学生，他们改变了他的生活。A. extended扩大；B. saved挽救；C. transformed改变；D. shaped塑造。根据上文“innovative students”以及后文“his life”以及后文学生为他制作了机械手，可知这些学生改变了他的生活，故选C。 33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在亨德森维尔新学年的头几天，佩拉尔塔试图掩盖一个令人尴尬的事实——他的右手还没有完全发育。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. amazing惊人的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据后文“his right hand was not fully”提到右手残疾，所以是令人尴尬的事实。故选A。 34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亨德森维尔新学年的头几天，佩拉尔塔试图掩盖一个令人尴尬的事实——他的右手还没有完全发育。A. protected保护；B. copied复制；C. developed发育，发展；D. examined检查。根据后文“And having lived without one hand for 15 years”可知，他的右手还没有完全发育。故选C。 35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但工程专业的老师杰夫·威尔金斯最终得知了情况，并建议他的工程专业学生或许可以帮忙。A. opportunity机会；B. potential潜能；C. progress进步；D. situation情况。根据后文“suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out”指老师了解了他的情况，建议学生去帮忙。故选D。 36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然学生们不确定这个想法是否可行，但他们并没有让不确定性阻止他们去尝试。A. laughter笑声；B. uncertainty不确定；C. fear恐惧；D. shame羞愧。根据上文“Though the students were unsure if the idea would work”可知，他们不确定想法是否可行，即存在不确定性，但他们并没有让不确定性阻止他们去尝试。故选B。 37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了在线模型和3D打印机，他们花了四周的时间为Peralta设计、调整尺寸并制作了一只机器人手。A. access进入；B. regard尊重；C. priority优先事项；D. devotion奉献。根据后文“to online models and a 3D printer”指他们使用了在线模型和3D打印机，access to表示“使用”。故选A。 38. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了在线模型和3D打印机，他们花了四周的时间为Peralta设计、调整尺寸并制作了一只机器人手。A. proposing提议；B. training训练；C. designing设计；D. displaying展示。根据后文“sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta”可知，制作机械手需要先设计、调整尺寸，故选C。 39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后学生们用一个接球游戏来测试它。A. tested测试；B. measured测量；C. recorded记录；D. improved改善。后文“it with a game of catch”中it指代机械手，推测是通过游戏来测试机械手，故选A。 40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在没有一只手的情况下生活了15年，他从来没有想到会有一只手。A. trusted信任；B. expected预期，预料；C. abandoned抛弃；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never”可知，他在没有一只手的情况下生活了15年，没有预料自己还能得到一只手。故选B。 41. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学生们还亲身发现了如何利用工程学来产生实际影响。A. comprehensively彻底地；B. first-hand亲自地；C. toughly固执地；D. single-handed单独地。根据上文“The students also discovered”以及学生是自己制作的这只机械手，所以是亲身发现如何利用工程学来产生实际影响。故选B。 42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们还亲身发现了如何利用工程学来产生实际影响。A. practical实际的；B. reasonable合理的；C. competitive竞争的；D. social社会的。根据上文可知，工程学的学生用自己的知识制作了机械手，改变了别人的生活，即产生了实际影响。故选A。 43. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：校长鲍勃·科特说：“这个雄心勃勃的项目不仅代表着远见，也代表着威尔金斯班工程学项目背后的领导能力，这一项目旨在将概念变为现实。”A. adapts to适应；B. begins with以……开始；C. focuses on集中；D. stands for代表。根据后文“not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class”指项目背后代表着远见，也代表着威尔金斯班工程学项目背后的领导能力，故选D。 44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长鲍勃·科特说：“这个雄心勃勃的项目不仅代表着远见，也代表着威尔金斯班工程学项目背后的领导能力，这一项目旨在将概念变为现实。”A. dream梦想；B. support支持；C. profit利益；D. reality现实。根据上文“turn concepts into”可知，项目把概念变成了现实，即机械手。故选D。 45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：佩拉尔塔的机械手见证了学生们的善良和创造力。A. preference偏爱；B. response回答；C. witness目击，见证；D. reward奖励。根据后文“to the kindness and creativity of the students”可知，机械手的成功见证了学生的善良和创造能力。故选C。 技巧四 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 Sarah Thomas set a new record by swimming across the English Channel four times. What makes Ms. Thomas’s story even more 46 is that Sarah was struggling to recover from breast cancer. Before the swim, everyone tried to persuade Sarah to 47 the plan. But she had a strong desire to finish the task and made good preparations for the 48 . Recognizing that she couldn’t complete the task 49 , she invited a group of helpful friends to go with her, who were 50 to offer Sarah assistance day and night. Sarah walked into the water very early in the morning and began to swim. The team put a layer of grease(油脂) on Sarah’s 51 to protect her from coldness. The team followed her in a 52 to encourage and support her. There was a light on her back so she could be 53 at night. Along the way, she “ate” by drinking from a bottle that was thrown into the water from the support boat. The team brought a flash chain so that Sarah could be 54 back to the boat when necessary. For 55 of the trip, Sarah was having a hard time keeping any sort of food down. Along the way, the salt water began to hurt her mouth and 56 . As a result, she could hardly speak. On the final crossing, Sarah had to deal with strong currents — moving water that 57 her way. 58 three days of swimming, Sarah slowly reached the shore in Dover, England. She celebrated on the beach by eating candies — her first 59 food in a long time. 60 , she covered around 134 miles. No one’s ever done what Sarah did — swim the Channel four times without stopping. 46. A. amazing B. fun C. disappointing D. serious 47. A. carry out B. write down C. give up D. talk about 48. A. hike B. sail C. adventure D. performance 49. A. carefully B. independently C. secretly D. attentively 50. A. willing B. excited C. nervous D. required 51. A. head B. hair C. clothes D. skin 52. A. boat B. ship C. raft D. board 53. A. examined B. treated C. grasped D. spotted 54. A. swam B. pulled C. put D. thrown 55. A. rest B. much C. none D. little 56. A. throat B. stomach C. leg D. face 57. A. made B. continued C. crossed D. blocked 58. A. After B. Until C. Throughout D. For 59. A. light B. solid C. chemical D. convenient 60. A. After all B. At all C. In all D. Of all 【答案】 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. B 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sarah Thomas在努力从乳腺癌中康复的过程中，成功四次游过英吉利海峡，创造了新纪录的励志故事。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让Thomas女士的故事更加令人惊叹的是，(Thomas)Sarah正在努力从乳腺癌中康复。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. fun有趣的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. serious严肃的。根据前文“Sarah Thomas set a new record by swimming across the English Channel four times”可知，Sarah四次游过英吉利海峡，创造了新纪录，这是一件令人惊叹的事情，再结合后文“that Sarah was struggling to recover from breast cancer”可知，她在努力从乳腺癌中康复，这更增加了故事的惊叹性。故选A项。 47. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在游泳之前，大家都劝Sarah放弃这个计划。A. carry out执行；B. write down写下；C. give up放弃；D. talk about谈论。根据前文“Sarah was struggling to recover from breast cancer”可知，Sarah在努力从乳腺癌中康复，再结合后文“But she had a strong desire to finish the task”中的but可知，前后文为转折关系，所以大家都劝她放弃这个计划，但她有强烈的欲望要完成这个任务。故选C项。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她有强烈的欲望要完成这项任务，并为这次冒险做了充分的准备。A. hike徒步旅行；B. sail航行；C. adventure冒险；D. performance表演。根据前文“swimming across the English Channel four times”和“Sarah was struggling to recover from breast cancer”可知，正在从乳腺癌中康复的Sarah要游过英吉利海峡，这是一次冒险。故选C项。 49. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：认识到她不能独立完成任务，她邀请了一群乐于助人的朋友和她一起去，他们愿意日夜为Sarah提供帮助。A. carefully仔细地；B. independently独立地；C. secretly秘密地；D. attentively专注地。根据后文“she invited a group of helpful friends to go with her”可知，她邀请了一群朋友和她一起去，说明她认识到自己不能独立完成任务。故选B项。 50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：认识到她不能独立完成任务，她邀请了一群乐于助人的朋友和她一起去，他们愿意日夜为Sarah提供帮助。A. willing乐意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. nervous紧张的；D. required要求的。根据前文“a group of helpful friends”可知，这些朋友是乐于助人的，所以他们愿意日夜为Sarah提供帮助。故选A项。 51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：团队在Sarah的皮肤上涂了一层油脂，以保护她免受寒冷。A. head头；B. hair头发；C. clothes衣服；D. skin皮肤。根据后文“to protect her from coldness”可知，涂油脂是为了保护她免受寒冷，油脂应该涂在皮肤上。故选D项。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：队员们乘船跟随她，鼓励和支持她。A. boat小船；B. ship轮船；C. raft木筏；D. board板。根据后文“from the support boat”可知，此处指的是小船。故选A项。 53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她背上有灯，这样晚上就能被人发现。A. examined检查；B. treated对待；C. grasped抓住；D. spotted发现。根据前文“There was a light on her back”可知，她背上有灯，这样晚上就能被人发现。故选D项。 54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队带来了一条闪光链，这样Sarah必要时就可以被拉回船上。A. swam游泳；B. pulled拉；C. put放；D. thrown扔。根据前文“The team brought a flash chain”和后文“back to the boat when necessary”可知，必要时可以用闪光链把Sarah拉回船上。故选B项。 55. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：在旅途的很多时间里，Sarah都很难吃下任何食物。A. rest剩余部分；B. much许多；C. none没有；D. little很少。根据后文“Sarah was having a hard time keeping any sort of food down”可知，Sarah很难吃下任何食物，再结合“of the trip”可知，在旅途的很多时间里，她都不能吃东西。故选B项。 56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上，盐水开始刺激她的嘴和喉咙。A. throat喉咙；B. stomach胃；C. leg腿；D. face脸。根据后文“As a result, she could hardly speak”可知，结果是她几乎说不出话来，由此推知，是盐水刺激了她的喉咙。故选A项。 57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最后一次横渡时，Sarah不得不应对阻挡她前进的强流。A. made制作；B. continued继续；C. crossed穿过；D. blocked阻挡。根据前文“strong currents — moving water”可知，强流会阻挡她前进。故选D项。 58. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：游了三天之后，Sarah缓缓到达了英国的多佛岸边。A. After在……之后；B. Until直到……才；C. Throughout贯穿；D. For为了。根据后文“Sarah slowly reached the shore in Dover, England”可知，Sarah缓缓到达了英国的多佛岸边，这是游了三天之后的结果。故选A项。 59. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在海滩上吃糖果庆祝——这是她很长时间以来第一次吃固体食物。A. light轻的；B. solid固体的；C. chemical化学的；D. convenient方便的。根据前文“She celebrated on the beach by eating candies”可知，她在海滩上吃糖果庆祝，糖果属于固体食物，再结合“in a long time”可知，这是她很长时间以来第一次吃固体食物。故选B项。 60. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她总共游了大约134英里。A. After all毕竟；B. At all根本；C. In all总共；D. Of all在所有……之中。根据后文“she covered around 134 miles”可知，她总共游了大约134英里。故选C项。 Passage 1 [2024江苏省常熟中学高二上学期十月阶段性学业水平调研英语试卷]Nisha Blackwell was putting herself through nursing school when she was laid off for the third time. To make matters worse, she couldn’t 1 a gift after being invited to attend the birthday party of a close friend’s daughter just a few days later. “That’s 2 I looked around and I said, ‘What do I have?’ I had a sewing machine still in a box,” she says. “And I had this bag of cloth.” But she didn’t 3 know how to sew. So she turned to YouTube and taught herself, “I was typing into YouTube: How to 4 a sewing machine...” she remembers. I probably didn’t make the machine work 5 midnight and this was in the hot summer when my house didn’t have air conditioning. I remember sitting there, just sweating to death, but so 6 to make this thing for this party!” She 7 making a box of hair bows(蝴蝶结发饰). She went to the party, restless, 8 how people would react when knew that the hair bows were handmade. “I was so 9 because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth, and I felt like I must have done something wrong. But something 10 happened. My friend 11 the box out onto a high chair and I remember all of the parents coming up to me saying, so 12 ! “Where did you get them? How did you do that? Can you make me some?” Nisha left the party with six customers and started getting 13 soon. She began training other women from her 14 to produce the product. “If you light a lamp for somebody, it will also brighten your path. I make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only 15 me.” Nisha says. 1. A. receive B. wrap C. design D. afford 2. A. how B. when C. why D. what 3. A. actually B. merely C. necessarily D. desperately 4. A. charge B. handle C. tailor D. apply 5. A. since B. by C. until D. after 6. A. confident B. determined C. courageous D. committed 7. A. ended up B. took to C. dug up D. turned to 8. A. deciding B. admiring C. demanding D. wondering 9. A. curious B. sensitive C. nervous D. confused 10. A. unhappy B. unexpected C. unreasonable D. uncertain 11. A. handed B. laid C. picked D. emptied 12. A. primitive B. amazing C. complicated D. inspiring 13. A. supplies B. funds C. materials D. orders 14. A. community B. factory C. country D. charity 15. A. convincing B. impressing C. benefiting D. challenging 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Nisha Blackwell在失业经济困难的情况下，利用家里的缝纫机和布料做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰作为朋友女儿的生日礼物。在生日聚会上，礼物得到了在场宾客的认可。她也将这项技能教授给身边的女性，帮人帮己。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，几天后，她受邀参加一位密友女儿的生日派对，却买不起礼物。A. receive收到；B. wrap包裹；C. design设计；D. afford买得起。根据上文“Nisha Blackwell was putting herself through nursing school when she was laid off for the third time.”可知，妮莎失业了，买不起礼物。故选D。 2. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时我环顾四周，说，“我有什么？”A. how如何；B. when何时；C. why为什么；D. what什么。根据上文“she couldn’t  ___1___  a gift after being invited to attend the birthday party of a close friend’s daughter just a few days later.”可知，此处表示在那时，妮莎环顾自周，说自己有什么，空处应用when引导表语从句，在从句中作时间状语。故选B。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她实际上并不知道怎么缝。A. actually实际上；B. merely仅仅；C. necessarily必要地；D. desperately绝望地。根据后文“So she turned to YouTube and taught herself,”可知，妮莎实际上并不知道怎么缝纫。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在YouTube上输入：如何操作缝纫机……A. charge收费；B. handle应对；C. tailor专门制作；D. apply应用。根据上文“But she didn’t  ___3___  know how to sew.”以及下文“I probably didn’t make the machine work  ___5___ midnight”可知，妮莎不知道怎么缝纫，所以此处表示如何操作缝纫机。故选B。 5. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我可能直到午夜才让机器工作，这是在炎热的夏天，当时我家没有空调。A. since自从；B. by借助；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。根据下文“I remember sitting there, just sweating to death, but so  ____6____  to make this thing for this party!”可知，此处表示直到午夜妮莎才让机器开始工作。not…until…表示“直到……才……”。故选C。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得坐在那里，汗流浃背，但我下定决心要为这个聚会做这件事情！A. confident自信的；B. determined坚定的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. committed忠诚的。根据后文“to make this thing for this party!”可知，妮莎下定了决心为聚会做这件事情。故选B。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她最后做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。A. ended up结束；B. took to喜欢上；C. dug up挖掘；D. turned to求助于。根据后文“She went to the party, restless,  ___8___  how people would react when knew that the hair bows were handmade.”可知，妮莎最终做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。故选A。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她去参加派对，坐立不安，想知道当人们知道蝴蝶结是手工制作的时会有什么反应。A. deciding决定；B. admiring欣赏；C. demanding要求；D. wondering想知道。根据后文“how people would react when knew that the hair bows were handmade”可知，妮莎想知道当人们知道蝴蝶结是手工制作的时会有什么反应。故选D。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很紧张，因为我一直想象这些蝴蝶结会像一块布，我觉得我一定有什么做得不对。A. curious好奇的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. nervous紧张的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth”可知，妮莎感觉非常紧张。故选C。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A. unhappy不开心的；B. unexpected意外的；C. unreasonable不合理的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据后文“Where did you get them? How did you do that? Can you make me some?”可知，人们的反应很好，这是妮莎意料之外的。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子倒在了一把高脚椅上，我记得所有的父母都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. handed递给；B. laid放；C. picked捡起；D. emptied清空。根据后文“the box out onto a high chair and I remember all of the parents coming up to me saying, so  ___12___  ! “Where did you get them? How did you do that? Can you make me some?””可知，此处表示妮莎的朋友把盒子里的东西清空，倒在高脚椅上。故选D。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子倒在了一把高脚椅上，我记得所有的父母都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. primitive原始的；B. amazing惊奇的；C. complicated复杂的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“Where did you get them? How did you do that? Can you make me some?”可知，人们对此很惊奇。故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妮莎带着六个顾客离开了聚会，很快就接到了订单。A. supplies供应；B. funds资金；C. materials材料；D. orders订单。根据上文“Can you make me some?”以及下文“She began training other women from her  ___14___  to produce the product.”可知，妮莎接到了人们的订单。故选D。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。A. community社区；B. factory工厂；C. country国家；D. charity慈善。根据上文“She began training other women from her”可知，妮莎开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。故选A。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确信我做的不仅仅是对我有利的事情。A. convincing说服；B. impressing使印象深刻；C. benefiting受益；D. challenging挑战。根据上文“She began training other women from her  ___14___  to produce the product.”以及“If you light a lamp for somebody, it will also brighten your path.”可知，妮莎非常无私，确信自己所做的事情不只对自己有益处。故选C。 Passage 2 [2024江苏省阜宁，滨海，射阳三校高二下学期5月学业水平选择性考试联考]A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modern technology. Margaret Griffiths said she 16 the weekly classes to keep her mind active and intended to “keep on doing what I desire to do as 17 as I can”. Born in 1921, Ms Griffiths began a 40-year 18 in teaching at a primary school and 19 became a head teacher. She made a promise to herself to learn something   20 every day. “I 21 my life to the world of education, and I am still exploring to this day. I have never 22 ” she said But her 23 came before the introduction of computers and before long she deeply felt she was 24 . Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza library which offers classes six days a week. She said she had no access to computers during her career, so she 25 at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classes 26 offer. “I don’t know what future is 27 for me, but I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life. I am still 28 , even at my age, and I am always happy to learn-long may it continue.” “At 100, all the other learners are younger than me, but I enjoy the classes and the 29 very much indeed, which make me feel energetic and passionate.” added Margaret Griffiths, whose life is a good 30 of the saying: It’s never too late to learn. 16. A. joined B. organized C. attended D. paid 17. A. well B. much C. soon D. long 18. A. career B. ambition C. adventure D. assessment 19. A. fortunately B. eventually C. potentially D. naturally 20. A. new B. necessary C. essential D. amusing 21. A. spent B. employed C. committed D. occupied 22. A. tried B. grasped C. failed D. stopped 23. A. regret B. retirement C. frustration D. embarrassment 24. A. out of date B. out of order C. out of shape D. out of practice 25. A. seized B. looked C. jumped D. arrived 26. A. in B. on C. at D. by 27. A. in turn B. in favor C. in store D. in place 28. A. being educated B. being suspected C. being qualified D. being helped 29. A. comfort B. performance C. company D. reward 30. A. combination B. demonstration C. emphasis D. analysis 【答案】 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 【语篇解读】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了Margaret Griffiths女士虽然已有100岁的高龄，却仍然积极参加IT课程的学习，学习现代科技，紧跟时代的步伐，时刻充满了活力和热情，用自己的一生完美诠释了“活到老，学到老”。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Margaret Griffiths说，她每周参加这些课程是为了保持头脑活跃，并打算“只要能做就继续做我想做的事情”。A. joined 加入，成为……的一员；B. organized 组织；C. attended 参加；D. paid 支付。根据上一句“A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modem technology.”的“taking IT classes”可知，Griffiths参加了每周的课程。故选C。 17. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Margaret Griffiths说，她每周参加这些课程是为了保持头脑活跃，并打算“只要能做就继续做我想做的事情”。A. well 好， as well as 也；B. much 许多， as much as 和……一样多；C. soon 不久，as soon as 一……就……；D. long 长的，as long as 只要……就……。由本句句意可知，Griffiths只要能够做，就会坚持做自己想做的事。故选D。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Griffiths女士出生于1921年，她在一所小学开始了长达40年的教学生涯，最终成为一名校长。A. career 事业、生涯；B. ambition 雄心、抱负；C. adventure 冒险；D. assessment 评价、评估。根据句中“teaching at a primary school”和“became a head teacher”可知，Griffiths一直在小学教学，有着40年的教学生涯。故选A。 19. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Griffiths女士出生于1921年，她在一所小学开始了长达40年的教学生涯，最终成为一名校长。A. fortunately 幸运地；B. eventually 最终；C. potentially 潜在地；D. naturally 自然地。根据句中“a 40-year career”可知，Griffiths工作了40年才当上了校长，实属不易，“最终”符合语境。故选B。 20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向自己保证每天都学点新东西。A. new 新的；B. necessary 必需的；C. essential 基本的、必不可少的；D. amusing 有趣的、好笑的。根据第一段“A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modem technology.”和第二段的“ I am still exploring to this day. ”（直到今天我仍在探索）可知，Griffiths一直在学习新的技术，一直在探索新的知识，所以她要求自己每天都要学习新的东西。故选A。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的一生都奉献给了教育世界，直到今天我仍在探索。A. spent 花费、度过；B. employed 雇佣；C. committed 交付、投入、委托；D. occupied 占据。根据第二段“Born in 1921, Ms Griffiths began a 40-year career in teaching at a primary school”可知，Griffiths一生都在从事教育事业，所以她把自己的一生都交付给了教育事业。故选C。 22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未停止。A. tried 尝试；B. grasped 抓住；C. failed 失败；D. stopped 停止。根据上一句“I am still exploring to this day”可知，Griffiths一直都在探索新事物，没有停止下来。故选D。 23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她在电脑问世之前退休了，不久她就深深地感到自己已经落伍了。A. regret 后悔、遗憾；B. retirement 退休；C. frustration 沮丧；D. embarrassment 尴尬。根据下文的“She said she had no access to computers during her career,”（她说，在她的职业生涯中，她没有接触过电脑。）及本句句意可知，电脑应该是Griffiths退休之后才问世的，所以她工作时没有接触过电脑。故选B。 24. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但她在电脑问世之前退休了，不久她就深深地感到自己已经落伍了。A. out of date 过时、落伍；B. out of order 混乱、发生故障；C. out of shape 身体欠佳、走形；D. out of practice 久不训练。根据下文的“She said she had no access to computers during her career, so she 　10　 at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classes 11 offer.”可知，Griffiths因为没有学过电脑，所以参加了IT课程的学习，是因为她感到自己落伍，怕自己跟不上时代的步伐。故选A。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当她看到正在销售的IT课程时，她抓住了这个机会。A. seized 抓住；B. looked 看；C. jumped 跳，jump at the chance 抓住机会；D. arrived 到达。根据前文“But her retirement came before the introduction of computers and before long she deeply felt she was out of date”可知，Griffiths因没学过电脑而深感自己落伍了，所以当她看到有IT课程出售时，就立即抓住了这个机会，参加了IT课程的学习。故选C。 26. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：所以当她看到正在销售的IT课程时，她抓住了这个机会。A. in 在里面；B. on 在上面，on offer 在出售中；C. at 在；D. by 由、被。由上一句“Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza library which offers classes six days a week. ”可知，Griffiths正在参加IT的课程，结合本句句意可知，当她看见IT课程正在销售时，就立即抓住机会报了名。故选B。 27. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我不知道什么样的未来在等着我，但我会尽我最大的努力学习，直到我生命的最后一秒。A. in turn 轮流、依次；B. in favor 有利于；C. in store 准备着、将要发生；D. in place 适当地。根据句中“I don't know what future”可知，Griffiths对未来会发生什么是不知道的，但她会坚持学习。故选C。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然在接受教育，甚至在我这个年纪，我总是很高兴学习—愿这种情况长期持续下去。A. being educated 在被教育；B. being suspected 在被怀疑；C. being qualified 胜任、有资格；D. being helped 在被帮助。根据上一句“but I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life. ”和下一句“and I am always happy to learn-long may it continue.”并结合全文可知，Griffiths一直都在坚持学习，所以她仍然在接受教育。故选A。 29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经100岁了，其他的学生都比我年轻，但我确实非常喜欢这些课程和陪伴，这让我感到充满活力和激情。A. comfort 舒适、安慰；B. performance 演出、表演；C. company 陪伴；D. reward 报酬、酬劳。根据本句中“all the other learners are younger than me”可知，Griffiths一直和比她年轻的学习者一起上课，结合“which make me feel energetic and passionate.”可知，学习新知识以及和这些年轻的同学一起上课，是她充满了活力和热情，所以她很喜欢这些课程和同学的陪伴。故选C。 30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Griffiths补充道，她的生活很好地证明了这句话：活到老，学到老。A. combination 结合、联合；B. demonstration 示范、论证；C. emphasis 重点；D. analysis 分析。由句意及全文可知，Griffiths的生活体现了“活到老，学到老”，是这句话的完美示范。故选B。 Passage 3 Last year, I received a special present. My children 31 me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldn’t 32 to use it. But 33 I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my 34 face! I kept trying, but each morning I 35 be seen wiping up the coffee. Then I realized if I poured very 36 , there could be no spilling. My normal 37 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 38 the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day. It promoted me to 39 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most 40 moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting, I’d say, “Not a problem. I’m not 41 .” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with 42 and sharing our own stories, 43 we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a 44 we could handle. Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also 45 the soul, helping us to enjoy the world’s small pleasures and realize the truth of life. 31. A. lent B. offered C. gifted D. asked 32. A. help B. wait C. know D. complain 33. A. since B. before C. as D. until 34. A. disappointed B. delightful C. amused D. astonished 35. A. would B. should C. must D. need 36. A. quickly B. casually C. slowly D. patiently 37. A. promise B. practice C. tradition D. standard 38. A. possess B. clarify C. realize D. enjoy 39. A. reflect B. decide C. react D. respond 40. A. difficult B. ordinary C. special D. awkward 41. A. in difficulty B. in trouble C. in a hurry D. in danger 42. A. colleagues B. friends C. relatives D. strangers 43. A. only if B. as if C. if only D. if ever 44. A. pace B. stage C. point D. occasion 45. A. explains B. inspects C. blesses D. feeds 【答案】 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机，做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到：减慢生活的节奏，可以滋养我们的灵魂，帮助我们享受这个世界的小乐趣，认识到生活的真谛。 31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们送给我一台不锈钢咖啡机作为生日礼物。A. lent借；B. offered提供；C. gifted赠送；D. asked要。根据上文Last year, I received a special present. 可知，咖啡机是孩子们送给我的。故选C。 32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢每天早上喝咖啡，迫不及待地想用它。 A. help帮助；B. wait等待；C. know知道；D. complain抱怨。根据句意可知，作者是迫不及待的想用。couldn’t help do sth“迫不及待做某事”，couldn’t wait to do sth“迫不及待做某书”。故选B。 33. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但当我倒第一杯咖啡时，咖啡洒了一桌子。 A. since自从…..以来；B. before在…..之前；C. as当…..时候；D. until直到…..才。根据句意和语境可知，是倒咖啡的时候撒了一桌子，用as引导时间状语从句。故选C。 34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，没有人看到我失望的表情。A. disappointed失望的；B. delightful高兴的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. astonished吃惊的。根据上文But 　33　 I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. 可知，作者是失望的。故选A。 35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在努力，但每天早上都能看到我在擦拭咖啡。A. would会；B. should应该；C. must一定；D. need需要。根据下文Then I realized if I poured very 　36　, there could be no spilling. 可知，作者每天都会把咖啡撒出来。故选A。 36. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到，如果我倒得很慢，就不会洒出来。A. quickly快速地；B. casually随便地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文My normal 　37　 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. 可知，作者总是在早上很匆忙，撒咖啡应是太着急，倒得太快，因此，此处是慢慢倒。故选C。 37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐，开始新的一天。A. promise承诺；B. practice实践，惯例；C. tradition传统；D. standard标准。根据上文语境及下文的But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 　38　 the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day.可知，作者通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐，开始新的一天。故选B。 38. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终我不仅学会了倒咖啡，还学会了享受新的一天的味道和安静。A. possess拥有；B. clarify澄清；C. realize意识到；D. enjoy喜欢，享受。根据上文语境可知，作者每天都很匆忙，现在作者从倒咖啡领悟到要慢下来，享受生活。故选D。 39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它促使我思考，我是否在生活的其他领域中也匆忙行事。A. reflect反射，深思；B. decide决定；C. react反应；D. respond回应。reflect upon考虑，根据上文语境可知，作者开始考虑生活中的其他方面是否也是匆忙行事。故选A。 40. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始欣赏即使是最平常的时刻。A. difficult困难的；B. ordinary普通的；C. special特别的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文It promoted me to 　39　 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. 可知，作者开始反思生活中其他方面，结合下文作者所列举的事例可知，都是生活中平常的事情。故选B。 41. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当店主为让我久等而道歉时，我会说，没问题。我不赶时间。A. in difficulty处境困难；B. in trouble处于不幸中；C. in a hurry立即，匆忙；D. in danger处于危险中。根据上文语境可知，作者学会了让自己慢下来，此处是举例，因此，作者说不赶时间。故选C。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至喜欢坐在房子前面和陌生人聊天，分享我们自己的故事，就好像我们已经认识很长时间了。A. colleagues同事；B. friends朋友；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据句意和句中we had known each other for a long time. 使用的是过去完成时可知，这是一种虚拟语气，因此，此处是指和陌生人交谈。故选D。 43. 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. only if只要；B. as if好像；C. if only只要；D. if ever如果有的话。根据句意可知，是和陌生人交谈，因此，用as if最合语境，这是一种虚拟。故选B。 44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎我们周围的世界慢了下来。A. pace步伐，步速；B. stage台阶；C. point要点；D. occasion场合。根据下文Stillness not only slows the pace of life,可知，作者放慢脚步去生活，周围的世界也跟着慢了下来。故选A。 45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静止不仅减慢了生活的节奏，也滋养了我们的灵魂，帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣，认识生命的真谛。A. explains解释；B. inspects检查；C. blesses祝福；D. feeds 为......提供养料。根据上文语境和句意可知，此处是指慢节奏的的生活滋养了我们的灵魂。故选D。 Passage 4 Bethany Firth, now a famous swimmer, has learning difficulty. But when she was a small child, she fell into a swimming pool, which made her 46 of water and determined never to swim. That was until Firth went to a school where swimming lessons were 47 . Firth did everything she could to get out of the lessons, like leaving her swimsuit(泳衣) out of her bag 48 . Eventually, Firth couldn’t avoid 49 lessons any longer-she had to get into the water. 50 , surprisingly, once she started swimming, she never looked back. She trained regularly and became a(n) 51 swimmer. Her hard work paid off. She 52 gold in the 2012 London Paralympics(残奥会). After her success, Firth continued to train hard. She felt she was 53 when it was time for the 2016 Rio Paralympics. Firth took the chance and returned home 54 after winning three golds and a silver. In 2017, Firth was 55 to Buckingham Palace to receive an honour (MBE) for her 56 to swimming. “I feel like sport has 57 so many doors for me. I’m happy to 58 my story and help inspire people to 59 their dreams. I also want to help people get a better understanding of people with 60 difficulty,” said Firth. 46. A. afraid B. capable C. proud D. short 47. A. missed B. funny C. required D. boring 48. A. in sight B. in turn C. on time D. on purpose 49. A. jumping B. swimming C. running D. jogging 50. A. So B. But C. For D. Or 51. A. honest B. average C. strong D. patient 52. A. bought B. made C. borrowed D. won 53. A. hopeless B. ready C. moved D. weak 54. A. successful B. careful C. awful D. painful 55. A. attracted B. forced C. pushed D. invited 56. A. contributions B. agreements C. introductions D. responses 57. A. closed B. kicked C. opened D. broken 58. A. remember B. share C. record D. sell 59. A. drop B. steal C. change D. realize 60. A. learning B. hearing C. dancing D. smelling 【答案】 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. B 59. D 60. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Bethany Firth克服对水的恐惧，从不喜欢游泳到成为奥运冠军的励志故事。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当她还是个小孩子的时候，她掉进了一个游泳池，这让她害怕水，决定永远不游泳。A. afraid害怕的；B. capable有能力的；C. proud自豪的；D. short短的。根据下文“determined never to swim.”可知，她害怕水，决定永远不游泳。故选A项。 47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到弗斯上了一所要求学生上游泳课的学校。A. missed被错过的；B. funny有趣的；C. required 必需的；D. boring令人厌烦的。根据下文“Eventually, Firth couldn’t avoid  ___49___  lessons”可知，弗斯上了一所要求学生上游泳课的学校。故选C项。 48. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：费斯想尽一切办法逃避课程，比如故意把泳衣放在包里。A. in sight在视野内；B. in turn轮流；C. on time准时；D. on purpose故意地。根据上文“Firth did everything she could to get out of the lessons”可知，她故意把泳衣放在包里。故选D项。 49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，费斯无法再逃避游泳课了——她不得不下水。A. jumping跳；B. swimming游泳；C. running 跑；D. jogging慢跑锻炼。根据上文“swimming lessons”可知，费斯无法再逃避游泳课了。故选B项。 50. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但令人惊讶的是，一旦她开始游泳，她就再也没有放弃。A. So所以；B. But但是；C. For因为；D. Or或者。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故选B项。 51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她定期训练，成为一名强壮的游泳运动员。A. honest诚实的；B. average平均的；C. strong强壮的；D. patient有耐心的。根据上文“She trained regularly”可知，她成为了一名强壮的游泳运动员。故C。 52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在2012年伦敦残奥会上获得金牌。A. bought买；B. made制作；C. borrowed借；D. won赢得。根据下文“winning”可知，她在2012年伦敦残奥会上获得金牌。故选D项。 53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当2016年里约残奥会到来时，她觉得自己已经准备好了。A. hopeless无希望的；B. ready准备好的；C. moved感动的；D. weak弱的。根据上文“After her success, Firth continued to train hard.”可知，她觉得自己已经准备好了参加残奥会。故选B项。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：费斯抓住了这个机会，成功地赢得了三枚金牌和一枚银牌。A. successful成功的；B. careful认真的；C. awful 糟糕的；D. painful疼痛的。根据下文“after winning three golds and a silver”可知，成功地赢得了三枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A项。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，费斯被邀请到白金汉宫接受荣誉勋章(MBE)，以表彰她对游泳的贡献。A. attracted吸引；B. forced迫使；C. pushed推； D. invited邀请。根据下文“to Buckingham Palace to receive an honour (MBE)”可知，指被邀请去参加。故选D项。 56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，费斯被邀请到白金汉宫接受荣誉勋章(MBE)，以表彰她对游泳的贡献。A. contributions贡献；B. agreements同意；C.  introductions介绍；D. responses反应。根据上文“Her hard work paid off. She  ___52___  gold in the 2012 London Paralympics (残奥会).”以及“Firth took the chance and returned home  ___54___  after winning three golds and a silver.”可知，表彰她对游泳的贡献。故选A项。 57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得体育为我打开了很多扇门。A. closed关闭；B. kicked踢；C.opened打开； D. broken打破。根据上文“Her hard work paid off. She  ___52___  gold in the 2012 London Paralympics (残奥会).”以及“Firth took the chance and returned home  ___54___  after winning three golds and a silver.”可知，她挑战了自己，取得了成功，所以体育为她打开了很多扇门。故选C项。 58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴分享我的故事，并帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。A. remember记得；B. share分享；C. record记录；D. sell卖。根据下文“help inspire people to  ___59___  their dreams.”可知，Bethany Firth很高兴分享了自己的故事。故选B项。 59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴分享我的故事，并帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。A. drop掉落；B. steal偷；C. change改变；D. realize实现。根据下文“their dreams”可知，帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。故选D项。 60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还想帮助人们更好地了解有学习困难的人。A. learning学习；B. hearing听；C. dancing跳舞；D. smelling闻。根据上文“earning difficulty”可知，Bethany Firth想帮助人们更好地了解有学习困难的人。故选A项。 Passage 5 On May 4, Fan Jinshi donated 10 million yuan to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund. Fan is 61 as a famous archaeologists(考古学家) in China, and her 62 will support further research into Dunhuang. All people present were 63 by her love for Dunhuang. Fan Jinshi, also 64 as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”, 65 from Peking University and then 66 for the Northwest Desert. Since then, she has 67 herself to protecting the caves in history. Fan used 68 technologies to protect the caves, and now Dunhuang 69 tourists from around the world. Today, Fan is still trying to promote talks and 70 between Peking University and the Dunhuang School. Fan said, “Though now I work, I am a student of Peking University, and I was able to 71 to the caves in Dunhuang. I hope that the fund can help 72 the Dunhuang studies of Peking University.” The fund 73 Fan’s prize money and her savings. She believes in taking money from the right place and spending it in a 74 way to ensure that it is used for the benefit of society. Fan Jinshi’s speech 75 so many people, and the research on Chinese archaeology will continue developing. 61. A. organized B. considered C. frightened D. encouraged 62. A. wish B. respect C. opinion D. donation 63. A. moved B. thanked C. connected D. explained 64. A. known B. informed C. allowed D. sent 65. A. admired B. expected C. explained D. graduated 66. A. set up B. break out C. set off D. break down 67. A. applied B. replied C. supplied D. relied 68. A. delicious B. unique C. false D. dizzy 69. A. affects B. welcomes C. offers D. shares 70. A. description B. definition C. responsibility D. exchanges 71. A. lead B. owe C. contribute D. stick 72. A. improve B. rise C. dream D. devote 73. A. shows up B. consists of C. takes off D. stands out 74. A. final B. lucky C. wise D. simple 75. A. included B. reminded C. cared D. inspired 【答案】 61. B 62. D 63. A 64. A 65. D 66. C 67. A 68. B 69. B 70. D 71. C 72. A 73. B 74. C 75. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了被称为“敦煌的女儿”的樊锦诗，她致力于敦煌石窟保护和敦煌文化研究。 61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊是中国著名的考古学家，她的捐款将支持对敦煌的进一步研究。A. organized组织；B. considered考虑，认为；C. frightened使惊吓；D. encouraged鼓励。根据空后“as a famous archaeologists (考古学家) in China”可知，此处指“樊被认为是中国著名的考古学家”，be considered as“被认为是”，固定短语，故选B。 62. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wish愿望；B. respect尊重；C. opinion观点；D. donation捐献。根据上文“Fan Jinshi donated 10 million yuan(樊捐了1000万)”可知，此处指樊的捐款，故选D。 63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有在场的人都被她对敦煌的爱所感动。A. moved使感动；B. thanked感谢；C. connected连接；D. explained解释。根据空后“by her love for Dunhuang”可知，此处指所有在场的人都被她对敦煌的爱所感动，故选A。 64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗，又被称为“敦煌的女儿”，毕业于北京大学，后前往西北大漠。A. known知道；B. informed通知；C. allowed允许；D. sent派遣。根据“as ‘the Daughter of Dunhuang’”可知，此处指她被称为“敦煌的女儿”，be known as“被认为是”，故选A。 65. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admired钦佩；B. expected期待；C. explained解释；D. graduated毕业。根据下文“I am a student of Peking University”可知，樊锦诗毕业于北京大学，故选D。 66. 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. set up设置，建立；B. break out爆发；C. set off动身，出发；D. break down发生故障。下文“Since then, she has ___67___ herself to protecting the caves in history.”提到她从那以后就一直做着保护洞穴工作，故此处指“前往西北大漠”，set off for“动身前往”，故选C。 67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她一直致力于保护历史上的洞穴。A. applied应用，申请；B. replied回答；C. supplied供应；D. relied依赖，依靠。结合上文“the Daughter of Dunhuang”提到她被称为“敦煌的女儿”可知，她应是一直致力于保护敦煌石窟，apply oneself to doing sth“专心致力于做某事”，故选A。 68. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：樊用独特的技术来保护洞穴，现在敦煌欢迎来自世界各地的游客。A. delicious美味的；B. unique独特的；C. false错误的；D. dizzy头晕的。根据“to protect the caves”可知，此处指“用独特的技术保护洞穴”，其他选项不符合语境，故选B。 69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. affects影响；B. welcomes欢迎；C. offers提供；D. shares分享。根据语境及空后“tourists from around the world”可知，敦煌是旅游景点，应是欢迎来自全世界的游客，故选B。 70. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，樊教授仍在努力推动北京大学与敦煌学派的对话与交流。A. description描述；B. definition定义；C. responsibility责任；D. exchanges交换，交流。空处和“talks”并列，结合空后“between Peking University and the Dunhuang School”可知，此处指推动双方之间的对话和交流，故选D。 71. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊说：“虽然我现在工作，但我是北京大学的学生，我能够为敦煌的洞穴做出贡献。”A. lead领导，引领；B. owe欠，归功于；C. contribute贡献；D. stick粘贴，粘住。根据下文“I hope that the fund can help ___72___ the Dunhuang studies of Peking University.”可知，樊锦诗捐款成立基金会是希望帮助对敦煌的研究，故此处指“为敦煌的洞穴做贡献”，故选C。 72. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望这笔资金可以帮助提高北京大学的敦煌研究。A. improve提高，改善；B. rise上升；C. dream梦想；D. devote致力于，奉献。结合语境以及“the fund”可知，资金应是为了帮助提高对敦煌的研究，故选A。 73. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：该基金由樊的奖金和她的积蓄组成。A. shows up出现；B. consists of包括，由……组成；C. takes off脱掉，成功；D. stands out突出。根据主语“The fund”以及空后的“Fan’s prize money and her savings”可知，此处指基金是由她的奖金和积蓄构成，故选B。 74. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为钱应该取之有道，并以明智的方式使用，以确保它用于造福社会。A. final最后的；B. lucky幸运的；C. wise明智的；D. simple简单的。根据空后“it is used for the benefit of society”可知，此处指明智地使用金钱，故选C。 75. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗的演讲激励了很多人，中国考古的研究将继续发展下去。A. included包括；B. reminded提醒；C. cared关心；D. inspired鼓舞，激励。结合上文樊锦诗的发言以及空后“and the research on Chinese archaeology will continue developing”可知，她的演讲激励了很多人，故选D。 Passage 6 Andrew Powell was pulling envelopes from the large mailbox outside his contemporary house when he noticed something 76 : A tiny doll couple were sitting on a love seat inside the mailbox. A small note was attached. “We’ve decided to live here,” the 77 read. It was signed from Mary and Shelley. Andrew initially figured that somebody must have left them there 78 . So he asked the neighbors whether anybody had left 79 in his mailbox, and everyone said no. Soon, Andrew and his wife discovered that the small couple had 80 a tea table, a pretty carpet and a pillow. Over the next few months, additional items mysteriously 81 : a bed, a painting and a wood-burning stove, to name a few. For Christmas 2022, a decorated tree was left with tiny presents. But the gifts were taken back right after Christmas 82 Andrew could open the boxes to see if anything was inside. More than a year later, Mary and Shelley are still living rent-free in the mailbox, to the delight of the neighbors who now 83 Andrew’s updates on the village’s website to check the 84 . Andrew first posted about the tiny dolls on Aug. 21, 2022, hoping his fellow villagers might help solve the 85 . “It’s just somebody out there who is having some fun, giving us all a little community 86 . But whoever is doing this is obviously very 87 and clever,” says Andrew’s next-door neighbor. Andrew says he now doesn’t want to know who is 88 for the mail-box affair because he’s hoping it will continue. “Also, people in the neighborhood are 89 it and some ask if I’ve thought about installing an outdoor 90 , but personally, I like the mystery of it.” 76. A. alive B. unusual C. important D. unique 77. A. notice B. board C. mail D. message 78. A. by mistake B. by chance C. on purpose D. on sale 79. A. gifts B. cards C. dolls D. posts 80. A. displayed B. acquired C. designed D. decorated 81. A. came back B. wandered off C. showed up D. broke in 82. A. before B. since C. unless D. when 83. A. follow B. comment C. download D. appreciate 84. A. improvement B. possibility C. truth D. progress 85. A. difficulty B. conflict C. case D. mystery 86. A. care B. humor C. blessing D. support 87. A. artistic B. academic C. sympathetic D. realistic 88. A. suitable B. eager C. responsible D. ambitious 89. A. describing B. imitating C. celebrating D. enjoying 90. A. light B. camera C. tent D. bench 【答案】 76. B 77. D 78. A 79. C 80. B 81. C 82. A 83. A 84. D 85. D 86. B 87. A 88. C 89. D 90. B 【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。讲述了安德鲁在自己的邮筒里发现了一个小娃娃夫妇，并且陪伴他们的物品逐渐增加。邻居们对此很感兴趣，希望了解这个谜题的背后故事。安德鲁不想揭开谜底，他希望这个谜题可以继续下去。 76. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁·鲍威尔(Andrew Powell)正在他的当代住宅外的大信箱里取信封，这时他注意到一些不寻常的事情：信箱里有一对小玩偶夫妇坐在一张双人座椅上。A. alive活着的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. important重要的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“A tiny doll couple were sitting on a love seat inside the mailbox.”可知，信箱里有一对小玩偶夫妇，所以是不寻常的事。故选B项。 77. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们决定住在这里，”留言写道。A. notice通知；B. board木板；B. mail邮件；D. message信息。根据上文“A small note was attached.”可知，有一张小纸条，所以是留下了信息。故选D项。 78. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁一开始以为一定是有人把它们放错了。A. by mistake错误地；B. by chance偶然；C. on purpose故意地；D. on sale出售。根据后文“So he asked the neighbors whether anybody had left 　79　 in his mailbox”可知，安德鲁以为有人把它们放错地方了，所以问其他人。故选A项。 79. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是他问邻居们是否有人在他的邮箱里放过娃娃，每个人都说没有。A. gifts礼物；B. cards卡片；C. dolls玩偶；D. posts邮件。根据前文“A tiny doll couple were sitting on a love seat inside the mailbox”可知，在他的邮箱里放的是玩偶。故选C项。 80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，安德鲁和他的妻子发现这对小两口得到了一张茶几、一块漂亮的地毯和一个枕头。A. displayed显示；B. acquired获得；C. designed设计；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“Over the next few months, additional items mysteriously 　81　: a bed, a painting and a wood-burning stove, to name a few.”可知，后天这对玩偶夫妇又得了一张床、一幅画和一个烧木头的炉子，等等，所以此处是获得了。故选B项。 81. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，又有一些东西神秘地出现了:一张床、一幅画和一个烧木头的炉子，等等。A. came back回来；B. wandered off 偏离；C. showed up出现；D. broke in闯入。根据前文“Over the next few months, additional items mysteriously”结合前文内容可知，此处应是“又有一些东西神秘地出现了”符合语境。故选C项。 82. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但圣诞节过后，安德鲁还没来得及打开盒子看看里面有没有东西，礼物就被收回了。A. before在…以前；B. since从…以后；C. unless除非；D. when什么时候。根据前文“But the gifts were taken back right after Christmas”以及后文“Andrew could open the boxes to see if anything was inside”可知，应是“安德鲁还没来得及打开盒子看看里面有没有东西，礼物就被收回了”之意，符合语境。故选A项。 83. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年多过去了，玛丽和雪莱仍然免费住在邮箱里，这让邻居们很高兴，他们现在在村里的网站上关注安德鲁的最近状况，以查看进展。A. follow密切注视；B. comment表达意见；C. download下载；D. appreciate欣赏。根据后文“Andrew’s updates on the village’s website to check the 　　　9　　　.”可知，此处应是“关注安德鲁的更新”符合语境。故选A项。 84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年多过去了，玛丽和雪莱仍然免费住在邮箱里，这让邻居们很高兴，他们现在在村里的网站上关注安德鲁的最近状况，以查看进展。A. improvement改善；B. possibility可能性；C. truth真相；D. progress进展。根据后文“Andrew first posted about the tiny dolls on Aug. 21, 2022, hoping his fellow villagers might help solve the 　85　.”可知，安德鲁开始发布关于这些小娃娃的帖子，希望解决谜团，所以是查看进展。故选D项。 85. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁于2022年8月21日首次发布了关于这些小娃娃的帖子，希望他的村民们能帮助解开这个谜团。A. difficulty困难；B. conflict争执；C. case案例；D. mystery谜团。根据后文“I like the mystery of it.”可知，这是一个谜团，所以是解决谁放的谜团。故选D项。 86. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只是有人在那里找点乐子，给我们所有人带来一点社区幽默。A. care关心；B. humor幽默；C. blessing祝福；D. support支持。根据前文“to the delight of the neighbors”可知，让邻居们很高兴，所以带来一点社区幽默。故选B项。 87. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但无论是谁在做这件事，显然非常有艺术感，很聪明的做法。A. artistic有艺术性的；B. academic学术的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. realistic现实的。根据前文内容可知，一对玩偶夫妇出现在邮箱里，并且不断有些小饰品装饰它们，所以是有艺术性的。故选A项。 88. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁说，他现在不想知道谁对邮箱事件负责，因为他希望这件事能继续下去。A. suitable合适的；B. eager渴望的；C. responsible承担责任；D. ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据前文“Andrew says he now doesn’t want to know”结合前文内容可知，之前安德鲁一直想找到是谁做的这件事，但是“他现在不想知道谁对邮箱事件负责”符合语境。故选C项。 89. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，附近的人也很喜欢，有些人问我是否考虑过安装一个户外摄像头，但就我个人而言，我喜欢它的神秘感。A. describing描述；B. imitating模仿；C. celebrating庆祝；D. enjoying享受。根据前文“to the delight of the neighbors”可知，让邻居们很高兴，所以附近的人也很喜欢。故选D项。 90. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，附近的人也很喜欢，有些人问我是否考虑过安装一个户外摄像头，但就我个人而言，我喜欢它的神秘感。A. light光线；B. camera摄像机；C. tent帐篷；D. bench长凳。根据后文“but personally, I like the mystery of it.”可知，作者喜欢它的神秘感，所以是问他是否考虑过安装一个户外摄像头，他不想装。故选B项。 Passage 7 Many nursing homes all over the world are locked down to protect their residents from the COVID-19. Group-f is a 91 company in Belgium, whose employees wash the outsides of tall buildings, using platforms that are lifted by cranes(起重机). When the COVID-19 hit Belgium, Group-f’s business 92 . The cranes sat 93 . But one day, company manager Bosch saw a man standing on the 94 and shouting up to his mother who was looking down 95 from her window on the third floor of a nursing home. This gave Bosch a perfect 96 . Bosch realized he could put the cranes to good use. Ever since, he has been 97 them to nursing homes. There, a family can 98 a platform that a crane operator will lift up to the window of a loved one. Eve Putseys came to see her 88-year-old aunt, who lives in La Cambre, a nursing home. Before she 99 the platform, Putseys didn’t know what to expect. “It’s been seven long weeks that I haven’t been 100 to see her,” she said. But when Putseys returned to the ground, she was 101 . “I finally got to see her. She looked very happy to see me,” she said. Officials at La Cambre helped organize the crane-operated 102 . “It’s been hard work but quite 103 ,” director Thibaut Chevrier says. Bosch 104 that operating the machines costs his company money. But he has no 105 . “It’s a great honor to help people,” he says. 91. A. travel B. design C. building D. cleaning 92. A. slowed down B. broke out C. fell back D. knocked down 93. A. unpacked B. unnoticed C. unused D. untouched 94. A. platform B. ground C. window D. crane 95. A. secretly B. proudly C. cautiously D. tearfully 96. A. chance B. idea C. dream D. memory 97. A. hiring B. sending C. employing D. accompanying 98. A. stand on B. set up C. return to D. head for 99. A. got B. selected C. landed D. exchanged 100. A. determined B. willing C. amused D. able 101. A. smiling B. moving C. worrying D. waiting 102. A. voyage B. visit C. tour D. adventure 103. A. unnecessary B. natural C. practical D. skeptical 104. A. anticipates B. responds C. acknowledges D. realizes 105. A. anxieties B. promises C. excuses D. regrets 【答案】 91. D 92. A 93. C 94. B 95. D 96. B 97. B 98. A 99. C 100. D 101. A 102. B 103. C 104. C 105. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bosch派出公司的起重机到各地的养老院帮忙的故事。 91. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Group-f是比利时的一家保洁公司，其员工使用起重机吊起的平台清洗高层建筑的外部。A. travel 旅行；B. design 设计；C. building 建造；D. cleaning 打扫、清洁。根据下文“whose employees wash the outsides of tall buildings, using platforms that are lifted by cranes(其员工使用起重机吊起的平台清洗高层建筑的外部)”可知，这是一家保洁公司。故选D项。 92. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当COVID-19袭击比利时时，Group-f的业务放缓。 A. slowed down 减慢、放缓；B. broke out 爆发；C. fell back 后退；D. knocked down 撞到。根据上文“When the COVID-19 hit Belgium(当COVID-19袭击比利时时)”可知，新冠疫情袭击比利时的时候，这家公司的业务肯定会受到影响而“放缓”。故选A项。 93. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起重机闲置着。A. unpacked 未包装的；B. unnoticed 被忽视的；C. unused 未使用的；D. untouched 未受影响的。根据上文“When the COVID-19 hit Belgium(当COVID-19袭击比利时时)”可知，疫情期间，起重机应该是“没有使用”。故选C项。 94. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，公司经理博世看到一个男人站在地上对着他的母亲大喊大叫，他的母亲正从三楼养老院的窗户往下看，泪流满面。A. platform 平台；B. ground 地面；C. window 窗户；D. crane 起重机。分析语境可推测，新冠疫情期间不能进屋面对面探视，所以此处指站在楼下的“地上”喊自己的妈妈。故选B项。 95. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，公司经理博世看到一个男人站在地上对着他的母亲大喊大叫，他的母亲正从三楼养老院的窗户往下看，泪流满面。A. secretly 秘密地；B. proudly 自豪地；C. cautiously 谨慎地；D. tearfully 含泪地。分析上下文语境可知，妈妈听到儿子在楼下喊她，并想向下看她的儿子，自然会泪目，所以此处用“含泪地”朝下看。符合语境。故选D项。 96. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了博世一个完美的想法。A. chance 机会；B. idea 主意；C. dream 梦想；D. memory 记忆。根据下文“Bosch realized he could put the cranes to good use. (博世意识到他可以充分利用起重机)”可知，此处指有了一个利用起重机的灵感，即“想法”。故选B项。 97. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他就一直把它们派遣到养老院。 A. hiring 租借；B. sending 派遣；C. employing 雇佣；D. accompanying 陪同。根据上文“Bosch realized he could put the cranes to good use. (博世意识到他可以充分利用起重机)”可知，此处用send与后面的to搭配，表示把起重机“派遣”到养老院来充分利用。故选B项。 98. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那里，一个家人可以站在一个平台上，起重机操作员会将这个平台提升到亲人的窗户边上。A. stand on 站在……上；B. set up 搭建；C. return to 返回；D. head for 前往、走向。根据下文“ that a crane operator will lift up to the window of a loved one(起重机操作员会将这个平台提升到亲人的窗户上)”可知，此处用stand on表示“站在”平台上，符合语境。故选A项。 99. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她登上平台之前，普赛斯不知道会发生什么。A. got 得到；B. selected 选择；C. landed 登上、着陆；D. exchanged 交换。根据空格后的“platform”可知，此处表“登上”平台，符合语境。故选C项。 100. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我已经七个星期没能见到她了。” A. determined 有决心的；B. willing 愿意的；C. amused 快乐的；D. able 能够的。分析上下文语境可知，疫情期间互相见面应该是不被允许的，所以此处指七个星期“没能”见到姑姑。故选D项。 101. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当普赛斯回到地面时，她笑了。A. smiling 微笑；B. moving 移动；C. worrying 担心；D. waiting 等待。根据下文“I finally got to see her(我终于见到她了)”可知，普赛斯通过起重机平台见到了自己的姑姑，此时心情应该是高兴的，所以此处用“微笑”符合语境。故选A项。 102. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：La Cambre的官员帮助组织了这次由起重机操作的探视活动。A. voyage 航行；B. visit 拜访、探视；C. tour 观光；D. adventure 冒险。根据上文“Eve Putseys came to see her 88-year-old aunt,who lives in La Cambre,a nursing home. (伊芙·普赛斯来看望她88岁的姑姑，她的姑姑住在一家名为La Cambre的养老院)”可知，伊芙·普赛斯看望了她姑姑，此处指养老院的官员协助了这次探视活动。故选B项。 103. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒂博·切维里尔(Thibaut Chevrier)主任说，这是一项艰苦的工作，但相当务实 。A. unnecessary 不必要的；B. natural 自然的；C. practical 实用的；D. skeptical 怀疑的。分析上下文语境可知，养老院的主任认为组织的这次用起重机探视的活动虽然不容易，但是很实用，所以用practical表示“实用的”符合语境。故选C项。 104. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：博世承认，操作这些机器让他的公司蒙受了损失。A. anticipates 预料；B. responds 回应；C. acknowledges 承认；D. realizes 意识到。根据上文第7小题可知，博世派出公司的起重机到各地的养老院帮忙，此处指他“承认”这种帮助花费公司很多钱。故选C项。 105. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他并不后悔。A. anxieties 担心；B. promises 承诺；C. excuses 借口；D. regrets 后悔。上文的But表转折，再根据下文“It’s a great honor to help people(帮助别人是我的荣幸)”可知，此处指虽然花费多，但博世不后悔。故选D项。 Passage 8 Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 106 person, with passion, can do. One day, when 107 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 108 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 109 who he was and what he did. After some 110 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 111 others. Sadly, he was 112 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing. Feeling that the small memorial was 113 big enough for a man who had so much 114 on others, Sarah 115 to do something! There was a new 116 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 117 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school. Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 118 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 119 her idea. Her amazing actions have 120 many other young people around the world. 106. A. honest B. young C. clever D. shy 107. A. walking B. running C. riding D. driving 108. A. museum B. church C. board D. memorial 109. A. forgot B. realized C. wondered D. explained 110. A. discussion B. research C. practice D. thought 111. A. teach B. rescue C. help D. repay 112. A. killed B. punished C. blamed D. arrested 113. A. rarely B. simply C. merely D. hardly 114. A. impact B. impression C. reflection D. dependence 115. A. stopped B. decided C. happened D. announced 116. A. library B. theatre C. school D. hospital 117. A. in need of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in charge of 118. A. curiosity B. confidence C. chance D. energy 119. A. prove B. change C. present D. pursue 120. A. astonished B. inspired C. attracted D. protected 【答案】 106. B 107. A 108. D 109. C 110. B 111. C 112. A 113. D 114. A 115. B 116. C 117. D 118. A 119. D 120. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。 106. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情。A. honest 诚实的；B. young 年轻的；C. clever 聪明的；D. shy 含羞的。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。 107. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当她走过学校附近的运动场时。A. walking 走；B. running跑；C. riding 骑行；D. driving 开车。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was” 可知，此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A项。 108. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah注意到一个小纪念碑，上面写着Edwin T. Pratt的名字和1930 - 1969年的年份。A. museum 博物馆；    B. church 教堂；C. board 董事会，木板；D. memorial 纪念碑。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。 109. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想知道他是谁，他做了什么。A. forgot 忘记；B. realized 意识到；C. wondered 想知道；D. explained 解释。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。 110. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. discussion 讨论B. research 研究，调查；C. practice 实践；D. thought 思考，认为。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。 111. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. teach教学；B. rescue 营救，解救；C. help 帮助；D. repay 回报。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。 112. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，他被杀只是因为有人不同意他的做法。A. killed 杀死；B. punished 惩罚；C. blamed 谴责，惩罚；D. arrested 逮捕。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。 113. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. rarely 罕见地；B. simply 简单地，仅仅；C. merely 紧紧，只不过；D. hardly 几乎不，简直不。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。 114. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. impact 影响；B. impression 印象；C. reflection 反射，沉思；D. dependence 依赖，依靠。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。 115. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sarah决定做点什么! A. stopped 停止；B. decided 决定；C. happened 发生；D. announced 宣布。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。 116. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近新建了一所儿童学校。A. library 图书馆；B. theatre 戏院；C. school 学校；D. hospital 医院。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。 117. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：她找到了负责这个建筑项目的人，问他们是否能以Mr. Pratt的名字命名。A. in need of 需要；B. in search of 寻找；C. in favor of支持，赞成；D. in charge of 负责，主管。根据下文提到的Through great efforts, her vision came to reality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了 “负责” 这项建筑的人。故选D项。 118. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Sarah有求知欲，有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. confidence 自信心；C. chance 机会；D. energy 精力，能量。根据上文第4题提到的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。 119. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. prove 证明；B. change改变；C. present 展现，提出，赠送；D. pursue 追求。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以Edwin T. Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。 120. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她惊人的行为激励了世界各地的许多年轻人。A. astonished 吃惊；B. inspired 激发，鼓舞；C. attracted 吸引；D. protected 保护。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$