专题02 定语从句【考点串讲】-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

高一英语期末考试复习 外研版 必修第一册 定语从句 his desk Tom’s father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful 定语 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句被称为定语。 含义 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 修饰girl This is the classroom where we study. 修饰classroom 定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 定语从句 which, who, whom, whose, that, as Where, when, why 相关术语 先行词 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. The pen which I’m using is pretty good. which：指物，作主语或宾语 关系代词的选择 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语 关系代词的选择 Who’s the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best? that：指人或物，作主语或宾语 关系代词的选择 I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. The house whose windows are closed is mine. whose：指人或物，做定语 关系代词的选择 as引导的限制性定语从句，as用作关系代词，即可以 指人，也可以指物。在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、 表语。它常用在the same...as; such...as; 句型中， as 不可以省略。 This is the same book as I lost. 这本书和我丟的那本一模一样。 This is such an interesting book as we all like. 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 关系代词的选择 关系代词的选择（特殊情况） 只用that,不用which的情况： 1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； This is the most delicious food _____ I have ever eaten. 2. 当先行词是all, much, little, few, everything, anything等不定代词时； Tell me everything _______ you know. 3. 当先行词被the only, the last, the very等修饰时； The only thing _____ you can do is to be careful next time. 4. 当先行词既包含人，又包含物时； Sometimes, we should ignore the people and things _____ upset us. that that that that 5. 当主句是以which, who, what开头的特殊疑问句时； Which of the book ______ are on the desk belongs to your elder sister? 只用which，不用that的情况： 1.引导非限定性定语从句(人: who; 物: which)； Football, _______ is an interesting game, is popular around the world. 2. 当关系词前面有介词时(人: whom; 物: which)； This is the house in _____ Mr. Wu once lived. You should make eye contact with the person to ______ you’re talking. that which whom which 关系代词的选择（特殊情况） 只用who,不用that的情况： 当先行词（指人）为he, she, they, anybody, anyone, nobody等不定代词时； Is there anyone in our class ____ is good at singing? who 关系代词的选择（特殊情况） 做题技巧： 1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分 4. 确定关系代词 The boys __________are playing football are from Class One. Football is a game ___________is liked by most boys. who/that which/ that 1. I still remember the day when I first came to Guiping. 2. You’ve entered into an age when knowledge makes you rich. 当先行词是表示_____的名词(如 time, day, year, month, week等), 且从句缺少状语时，定语从句用when引导。 关系副词 when 在定语从句中充当_________。 when 关系副词的选择 时间 时间状语 1. This is the town where Li Hua was born. 2. Keep thebooks in a place where you can find them easily. 当先行词是表示_____的名词(如place, room, airport等)，且从句缺少状语时，定语从句用where引导. 关系副词 where 在定语从句中充当________。 地点 地点状语 关系副词的选择 除地点名词后，where 还可用于case, condition, example, situation, stage, point, system, atmosphere, position等表示抽象地点的名词前。 1. They have reached the point ______ they have to break up with each other. 2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themseves differently. where where 关系副词的选择 1. He didn’t tell me the reason why he was late yesterday. 2. This is the reason why he gave up trying in the end. 当先行词是表示原因的名词_______，且从句缺状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限定性定语从句。 关系副词 why 在定语从句中充当________。 reason 原因状语 关系副词的选择 关系副词与关系代词的区分 The reason ___________ she gave was not true. This is the reason ______I didn’t come. 做主语或者宾语时，用关系代词that/which引导； 做状语时，用关系副词when/where/why引导。 which/that why 1. This is the museum _______ my mother worked 10 years ago.                       2. This is the museum _____________ was built in 1950. 3. July 1, 1921 was the day ______ our Party was founded.                  4. July1, 1921 was the day_________________ we will not forget. 5. This is the reason I don’t want to go.  6. This is the reason _________he told me yesterday.  where which/that when that/which/省略 why that/which/ 省略 关系副词与关系代词的区分 针对训练 1.(2020 新高考Ⅱ,60) The Digital World is a set of volumes ______________aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. 2.(2020 新高考I,39)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ______________opened in 1759. 3.(2020 课标全国Ⅲ,61)In ancient China lived an artist ____________ paintings were almost lifelike. that/which that/which whose 4.(2019 北京,9) The students benefitting most from college are those_______are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resource. 5.(2019 课标全国Ⅲ,64)They were well trained by their masters____________had great experience with caring for these animals. 6.(2023 全国乙卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _____________ welcomes the fast-development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. who who/that which/that 7. (2021·浙江1月) BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 8. (2024·陕西省宝鸡市高三模考) Another nominee was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese athlete ____________ competed in the men’s 100-meter sprint final at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. who/that which/that $$