【春考特训课】第19讲：重点题型之语法填空---【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（江苏专用）

第19讲 重点题型之语法填空 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 语法填空又称为开放式语篇填空，自2014年实施以来，这种命题形式将过去以句子为核心的语法单项选择，转变为以语篇为核心的语法填空。这一转变体现了新课标由语法知识到语法技能的语法教学观念的转变以及当今高考英语改革的趋势：突出语篇，强调在语篇中测试学生的英语语言知识和技能。与传统的语法单项选择题相比，语法填空能全面考查学生英语词汇、语法、句法等能力，反映学生英语的综合素养。 语法填空要求考生阅读一篇200词左右的语言材料，在10个设空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。考查的要点涉及中学阶段所学的各类语法知识。 2020–2024高考语法填空（新课标卷） 年份 卷别 类型 主题 话题 2020 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 博物馆的作用和挑战 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 《数字世界》丛书介绍 2021 新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自然 领略黄山的美景 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 努力减少塑料垃圾保护海洋 2022 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自然 大熊猫国家公园 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 修理工拯救坠落的孩子 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 美食小笼包 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 英语教师在动物园教英语 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 英国“丝路花园”的整体设计 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 汤显祖和莎士比亚的文化联系 【要点梳理】 考点一：命题特点 2020–2024高考语法填空考情分析（新课标卷） 年份 卷别 考点 实词（有提示词） 虚词（无提示词） 名词/代词 动词* 形容词 副词 介词 冠词 连词 其他 2020 新课标Ⅰ卷 2 4 (3+1) 1 0 1 0 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 3 3 (2+1) 1 0 0 1 2 0 2021 新课标Ⅰ卷 2 3 (1+2) 1 1 0 1 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 3 (1+2) 2 0 1 0 2 0 2022 新课标Ⅰ卷 1 4 (2+2) 0 1 1 1 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 1 4 (2+2) 1 1 0 1 2 0 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 1 4 (0+4) 1 1 1 1 1 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 2 (1+1) 1 1 1 1 2 0 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 3 3 (1+2) 1 0 1 1 1 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 5 (2+3) 0 0 1 0 2 0 高中英语语法填空有以下特点： 1. 从文章来看： （1）内容：近几年的语法填空文本主要以说明文和记叙文为主，所选材料语言地道、难度适中，同时贴近生活，并具有一定的思想性和逻辑性。 （2）形式：选材为一篇约200词的短文，从中留出10个空，要求学生按照语法、句子结构和上下文的连贯性，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，使短文结构完整、意义连贯、词法和句法正确。 2. 从题目来看： 可分为有提示词和无提示词两种类型。 （1）有提示词：共6~7题。考点通常为名词，代词，谓语动词和非谓语动词，形容词和副词。答案不限制词数，但是只能在“括号内单词的正确形式”范围内。 （2）无提示词：共3~4题。考点通常为介词，冠词，连词以及少量的固定搭配。设空处限制所填词的数量，只能填1个单词。这样的要求增强了答案的可控性，使正确答案的唯一性得到保证。 考点二：考点分布 出题方式 词性考查 考点分布 特别注意 有提示词 形容词/ 副词 原  级 1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形 2、修饰比较级最高级的词 3、less/least+adj/adv情况 4、双写+er的单词 比较级 最高级 动词 时态语态 1、各种时态的标志词以及特征 2、主动表被动情况 不定式 1、不定式作主宾表定状补 2、动名词作主宾表定 3、分词作表定状补 4、各种非谓语的时态语态 动名词 分  词 无提示词 冠词 定冠词/不定冠词 判断语境是特指还是非特指 介词 搭配及其他 熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法 代词 人称物主代词 1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分 2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语 3、代词作定语 不定代词 反身单词 动词 情态动词 观察语境中暗含的情感和态度 助动词/系动词 倒装情况 从属连词 定语从句 1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法 2、how+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，how many/much/ long....情况 3、表语从句连接词as if，because 名词性从句 状语从句 强调句 并列连词 并列句 判断上下句之间的逻辑关系 两个空和三个空的填法 两空常填连词 表原因：now that 表时间：every time/ the moment 表让步：even if / even though 表方式：as if / as though 表目的：so that / in case 表结果：so that 定语从句：介词 + which 表除了：except that 表疑问：how much (many/long/often/soon) 三空常填连词 表目的：in order that / for fear that 表时间：as soon as/by the time 表条件：as/so long as / on condition that 表让步：no matter how + adj./ no matter what (+ n.) 另：as far as (as far as I know, as far as I’m concerned) 两空常填介词 表原因：because of/ due to/ owing to/thanks to 表让步：regardless of 表相反：instead of/ rather than 表除了：except for / other than/apart from 表根据/例举：according to / such as 三空常填介词 表让步：in spite of 表并列：as well as 表除了：in addition to 表目的：in order to 两空常填情态动词      have to / had better / ought to / may/might (as) well 考点三：解题策略 1. 浏览全文，明确大意 浏览全文的目的是尽快把握文章大意，利用“大意”这条主线来引导自己，为下一步填空做好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生掌握考查方向，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2. 细读全文，逐项填空 了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。 3. 复读全文，复查答案 在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能会迎刃而解。 Ø考点一：纯空格试题的解题技巧 技巧1：当句子缺主语或宾语，填代词。 前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语、表语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 技巧2： 在名词或“形容词+名词”前,填限定词。 如表示特指时用the/this/that/these/those 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an 表示“某人的”,用形容词性物主代词 表示“两者都”用both 表示“另一个”用another 表示“每一个”用every/each 表示“其他的”用other等,注意other接名词复数。 技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except,  by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 技巧4：若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 技巧5：若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。若两句之间表示转折关系有逗号填however，前后对比用while，表因果关系有逗号填therefore, 无逗号填so。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 技巧6：若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间：when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until 地点：where, wherever 原因：because, as, since, now that 目的：in order that, so that, in case, for fear that 结果：so that, so/such…that 比较：than, as…as, the more…the more 让步：although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or, 方式：as, as if/though, 条件：if, unless, as long as… 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。（强调、倒装、感叹） Ø考点二： 给出动词的解题技巧 技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况) 技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。 不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语； 动名词doing 表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语； 现在分词doing 表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语； 过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。 Ø考点三：给出形容词或副词的解题技巧 技巧10：括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the least的。 考点四：考法归纳 ●理解句意：首先，快速阅读整个句子，理解其大致意思。这有助于你判断空白处所需词汇的类别（如名词、动词、形容词等）和大致含义。 ●分析句子结构：识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，这有助于你确定空白处应该填入的词性。例如，主语通常由名词或代词担任，谓语由动词担任等。 ●注意语法规则： 时态和语态：根据句意和上下文，判断动词的时态和语态是否正确。 非谓语动词：识别并正确使用动名词、不定式和分词形式。 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。 冠词和介词：注意冠词（a, an, the）和介词（如in, on, at）的正确使用。 词汇变形：如果空白处需要填入一个已知词汇的某种形式（如名词复数、动词时态、形容词比较级等），确保你能正确地进行词汇变形。 ●利用上下文线索：仔细阅读句子前后的内容，寻找与空白处相关的线索。这些线索可能是同义词、反义词、解释性说明或逻辑关联词。 ●排除法：如果某个选项明显不符合句子的语法规则或语境，可以将其排除。然后，在剩下的选项中做出选择。 · 【语法填空思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 2024·辽宁·二模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The main structure of the Datengxia water resources management facility in Southwest China has been completed four months ahead 61 schedule, the Ministry of Water Resources said on Saturday. The project, 62 is located in the Xijiang River, has eight power generation 63 (unit), each with an installed capacity of 200,000 kilowatts (千瓦). It can 64 (annual) generate more than 6 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. In cooperation with other reservoirs (水库), the project can help Wuzhou, a city with 65 population of over 2.8 million in Guangxi, deal with once-in-a-hundred-year floods. Previously, the city was only able to hold floods that occur once every 50 years. The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta 66 (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. The ministry said the Datengxia facility will also provide strong support for rural development, offering irrigation (灌溉) water to 80,000 hectares of farmland and 67 (address) drinking water shortage for almost 1.4 million people in Guangxi. The project has already played 68 (significance) roles in the past three years when it was put into trial operation. For example, in June last year, it helped prevent 69 store about 700 million cubic meters of floodwater when the Xijiang River 70 (hit) by a flood. In the peak, it reduced water flow by 3,500 cubic meters per second. 【答案】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了大藤峡水资源管理项目的竣工及它对广西水利枢纽的影响。 61．考查介词。句意：水利部周六表示，中国西南部大藤峡水资源管理设施的主体结构已提前四个月完工。ahead of schedule意思为：提前，为固定短语。故填of。 62．考查定语从句。句意：该项目位于西江流域，共有8台发电机组，每台装机容量为20万千瓦。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为project，作从句的主语，表示事物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 63．考查名词。句意同上。unit意思为：单元，此处为与eight搭配，用名词复数形式units。故填units。 64．考查副词。句意：它每年可以产生超过60亿千瓦时的电力。空处修饰动词generate，用副词作状语。故填annually。 65．考查冠词。句意：与其他水库合作，该项目可以帮助广西梧州这个拥有280多万人口的城市应对百年一遇的洪水。a population of意思为：人口数量为，其后搭配人口数，符合题意。故填a。 66．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目还使珠江三角洲的一些城市能够抵御每两个世纪发生一次的洪水。enable sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意思为：让某人做某事，空处缺少不定式作宾补。故填to resist。 67．考查非谓语动词。句意：该部表示，大藤峡设施还将为农村发展提供强有力的支持，为8万公顷农田提供灌溉用水，并解决广西近140万人的饮用水短缺问题。分析句子结构可知，空处与offering并列，为非谓语动词，作结果状语，表示自然的结果，用现在分词表示主动。此处address意思为“解决”。故填addressing。 68．考查形容词。句意：该项目在试运行的三年中已经发挥了重要作用。空处缺少形容词作定语修饰roles，用significant。故填significant。 69．考查连词。句意：例如，去年6月，当西江遭遇洪水时，它帮助防止和储存了大约7亿立方米的洪水。prevent与store为动词的并列，为顺承关系，此处用and连接。故填and。 70．考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。when引导时间状语从句，空处缺少谓语，结合句子意思可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语西江和hit构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填was hit。 · 2024·四川遂宁·三模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thousands of years ago, Chinese characters appeared on animal bones and silk before they 71 (write) on paper. But now many 72 character has a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team, drawing every little bit of 73 (inspire) from Xunzi, an outstanding Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221 BC), has rolled out Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in association with a leading ancient Chinese text publisher. When 74 (ask) why, the team leader explained, “Characters set invertical layout (竖版), the absence of pausing and punctuation are all holding readers back.” 75 (create) Xunzi the LLM, the team first did a lot of research. Since2013, they’ve sweated 76 (heavy) to digitize Chinese classics like the SikuQuanshu. “The hard work involves a large-scale pool of two billion Chinese characters, 77 has laid a solid foundation for the LLM.” Their efforts seem to have paid off. Currently, Xunzi the LLM can translate, punctuate 78 understand some ancient Chinese texts. The model can help us mine for more information hidden in our cultural legacy and find unnoticed models and connections. The team have shared the LLM on GitHub and other websites, 79 (allow) users to download and use it for free. They’re committed to the philosophy of making the data and model 80 (access) globally. 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一个研究团队近期推出的一项结合古代哲学思想与现代技术的创新项目——古籍大语言模型“荀子”，这是国内首个专门应用于古籍处理与研究的智能工具。 71．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在写在纸上之前，几千年前，汉字就出现在了兽骨和丝绸上。根据句意和时间状语Thousands of years ago可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，且they指代Chinese characters，与write“写”之间为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were written。 72．考查固定短语。句意：但在现代社会，许多汉字有了一个“新容器”。many a“许多”为固定短语。故填a。 73．考查名词。句意：最近，一个研究小组从战国末期（公元前475-221年）杰出的儒家哲学家荀子身上汲取了一点灵感，与一家领先的中国古籍出版商合作，推出了一个大型语言模型（LLM）“荀子”以及Xunzi Chat（荀子聊天）。介词of后接名词作宾语，inspiration意为“灵感”，是不可数名词。故填inspiration。 74．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当被问及为何这样做时，团队负责人解释说：“竖版排列的字符，没有停顿和标点符号，都阻碍了读者。”当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致且含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，本句中ask与the team leader之间是被动关系，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，因此从句完整形式为“When the team leader was asked”，省略后保留过去分词asked。故填asked。 75．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创造荀子这个大型语言模型，团队首先做了大量的研究。本句谓语为did，此处为非谓语动词，应用create“创造”的不定式，作目的状语。故填To create。 76．考查副词。句意：自2013年以来，他们为数字化《四库全书》等中国经典付出了大量辛勤的努力。修饰动词sweated，应用副词heavily，意为“大量地”，作状语。故填heavily。 77．考查定语从句。句意：这项艰苦的工作涉及一个包含20亿个汉字的大规模库，这为大型语言模型奠定了坚实的基础。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 78．考查连词。句意：目前，“荀子”大型语言模型可以翻译、断句并理解一些古代汉语文本。translate、punctuate和understand是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 79．考查非谓语动词。句意：该团队已在GitHub和其他网站上分享了这个大型语言模型，允许用户免费下载和使用。本句谓语为have shared，此处为非谓语动词，且allow“允许”与逻辑主语The team之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填allowing。 80．考查形容词。句意：他们致力于让数据和模型在全球范围内可访问的理念。本空用access的形容词accessible，意为“可访问的”，作宾语the data and model的补足语。故填accessible。 课后反馈 演练 2024·山东·二模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, 51 (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when 52 (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills. To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin 53 (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, 54 function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock. There 55 (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of 56 other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are 57 (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children. Playing with shuttlecocks is 58 (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient 59 (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime. Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing 60 people of all ages. 【答案】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动，以及它的起源和发展。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动，可以追溯到汉代。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，date和逻辑主语Shuttlecock kicking为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填dating。 52．考查名词复数形式。句意：这种有趣的游戏在唐代开始流行，当时专门从事毽子生意的商店出现了。store为可数名词，意为“商店”，结合句意可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填stores。 53．考查动词时态和语态。句意：要制作羽绒毽子，需要用一块布包裹一枚硬币。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin和动词need为被动关系，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时。故填is needed。 54．考查定语从句。句意：通过硬币孔可以插入一些羽毛，其作用是延缓毽子的起落。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词some feathers在从句中作function的定语成分。故填whose。 55．考查主谓一致。句意：踢腿的风格和方法有很多变化。分析句子可知，该句为There be句型，其谓语动词遵循主谓一致的就近原则，主语a great number of variations为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式，讲述事实用一般现在时。故填are。 56．考查冠词。句意：一只脚固定在地面上，用另一只脚的内侧脚踝踢毽子。分析句子可知，此处为冠词the，构成the other，特指“另一只脚”，所以此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。 57．考查副词。句意：那些提升到精通水平的人可以做一些相当精彩的动作。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词fairly作状语修饰形容词wonderful，满足句意要求。故填fairly。 58．考查动词短语。句意：踢毽子有益于健康。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be beneficial to“对……有益”，满足句意要求。故填beneficial。 59．考查动词不定式。句意：此外，踢毽子也很方便。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be adj+ to do“做某事是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作状语。故填to play。 60．考查介词。句意：自1987年中国踢毽球协会成立以来，每年都举办全国踢毽球比赛，吸引了各个年龄段的人们。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语appeal to“吸引”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。 · 2024·安徽芜湖·三模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds is the 41 (eight) solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from grain are becoming full but are not ripe. The 24 solar terms 42 (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people’s lives through special foods, 43 (culture) ceremonies, gardening and even healthy living tips that correspond 44 each solar term. During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full". Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimp big and fat. This is a good time 45 (eat) fish and shrimp. It is also 46 harvest season for fishermen. A Chinese farmer proverb says, “Mulberries become black during the Grain Buds period”. Thus it is a good season to eat mulberries. This time is a good period for the quick 47 (grow) of flowers. It is also a season 48 plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high. High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may also give rise to nettle rash, sweat spots and other skin 49 (disease) . It is also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, 50 (jog) and practicing Tai Chi are popular. 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统的24节气之一——小满的含义、起源及其对农业、饮食、健康生活等方面的影响，同时也提到了在这个节气期间的气候特点及建议的活动。 41．考查序数词。句意：小满是一年中的第八个节气。根据句意和空前的the可知，此处应使用序数词eighth表示“第八”。故填eighth。 42．考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：24节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创建的。根据时间状语thousands of years ago可知，事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时。主语The 24 solar terms与动词create“创建”之间是被动关系，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were created。 43．考查形容词。句意：但是节气文化今天仍然有用，通过与每个节气相对应的特殊食物、文化仪式、园艺甚至健康生活技巧来指导人们的生活。本空用形容词cultural“文化的”，作定语，修饰名词ceremonies。故填cultural。 44．考查介词。句意：但是节气文化今天仍然有用，通过与每个节气相对应的特殊食物、文化仪式、园艺甚至健康生活技巧来指导人们的生活。correspond with/to为固定搭配，表示“符合，与……相对应”。故填with/to。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是吃鱼和虾的好时机。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to eat。故填to eat。 46．考查冠词。句意：这也是一个渔民的丰收季节。season在这里指“渔民的丰收季节”，此处泛指“一个渔民的丰收季节”，且season以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 47．考查名词。句意：这段时间是花卉快速生长的好时期。此处应填名词growth，作for的宾语，表示“生长”。故填growth。 48．考查定语从句。句意：也是植物病虫害达到高峰的季节。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为season，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 49．考查名词的数。句意：在这个季节，温度的升高还可能引发荨麻疹、汗斑和其他皮肤病。根据空前的other可知，此处应用名词disease“疾病”的复数形式diseases。故填diseases。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：散步、慢跑和练太极很受欢迎。jog“慢跑”。本空用动名词jogging，与walking和practicing并列，作主语。故填jogging。 【2024新课标I卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 101 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 102 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 103 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 104 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 105 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 106 first time. These plants included modern Western 107 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 108 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 109 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 110 (rich) of gardening in England. 【答案】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 101．考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 102．考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 103．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 104．考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 105．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 106．考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 107．考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 108．考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 109．考查定语从句。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 110．考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 【2024新课标II卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 111 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 112 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 113 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 114 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 115 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 116 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 117 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 118 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 119 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 120 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 111．考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 112．考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 113．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 114．考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 115．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 116．考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 117．考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 118．考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 119．考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 120．考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 【2024全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 221 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 222 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 223 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 224 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 225 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 226 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 227 all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 228 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 229 (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 230 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏，并为此做出了许多努力。 221．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园，但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意，因为它们体积大，种类繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 222．考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 223．考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 224．考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 225．考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 226．考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 227．考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。 228．考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 229．考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 230．考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 【2024浙江1月卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 231 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 232 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 233 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 234 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 235 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 236 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 237 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 238 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 239 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 240 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。 231．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 232．考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 233．考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 234．考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 235．考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 236．考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 237．考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 238．考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 239．考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 240．考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第19讲 重点题型之语法填空 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 语法填空又称为开放式语篇填空，自2014年实施以来，这种命题形式将过去以句子为核心的语法单项选择，转变为以语篇为核心的语法填空。这一转变体现了新课标由语法知识到语法技能的语法教学观念的转变以及当今高考英语改革的趋势：突出语篇，强调在语篇中测试学生的英语语言知识和技能。与传统的语法单项选择题相比，语法填空能全面考查学生英语词汇、语法、句法等能力，反映学生英语的综合素养。 语法填空要求考生阅读一篇200词左右的语言材料，在10个设空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。考查的要点涉及中学阶段所学的各类语法知识。 2020–2024高考语法填空（新课标卷） 年份 卷别 类型 主题 话题 2020 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 博物馆的作用和挑战 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 《数字世界》丛书介绍 2021 新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自然 领略黄山的美景 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 努力减少塑料垃圾保护海洋 2022 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自然 大熊猫国家公园 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 修理工拯救坠落的孩子 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 美食小笼包 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 英语教师在动物园教英语 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 英国“丝路花园”的整体设计 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 汤显祖和莎士比亚的文化联系 【要点梳理】 考点一：命题特点 2020–2024高考语法填空考情分析（新课标卷） 年份 卷别 考点 实词（有提示词） 虚词（无提示词） 名词/代词 动词* 形容词 副词 介词 冠词 连词 其他 2020 新课标Ⅰ卷 2 4 (3+1) 1 0 1 0 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 3 3 (2+1) 1 0 0 1 2 0 2021 新课标Ⅰ卷 2 3 (1+2) 1 1 0 1 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 3 (1+2) 2 0 1 0 2 0 2022 新课标Ⅰ卷 1 4 (2+2) 0 1 1 1 2 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 1 4 (2+2) 1 1 0 1 2 0 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 1 4 (0+4) 1 1 1 1 1 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 2 (1+1) 1 1 1 1 2 0 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 3 3 (1+2) 1 0 1 1 1 0 新课标Ⅱ卷 2 5 (2+3) 0 0 1 0 2 0 高中英语语法填空有以下特点： （1）内容：近几年的语法填空文本主要以说明文和记叙文为主，所选材料语言地道、难度适中，同时贴近生活，并具有一定的思想性和逻辑性。 （2）形式：选材为一篇约200词的短文，从中留出10个空，要求学生按照语法、句子结构和上下文的连贯性，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，使短文结构完整、意义连贯、词法和句法正确。 可分为有提示词和无提示词两种类型。 （1）有提示词：共6~7题。考点通常为名词，代词，谓语动词和非谓语动词，形容词和副词。答案不限制词数，但是只能在“括号内单词的正确形式”范围内。 （2）无提示词：共3~4题。考点通常为介词，冠词，连词以及少量的固定搭配。设空处限制所填词的数量，只能填1个单词。这样的要求增强了答案的可控性，使正确答案的唯一性得到保证。 考点二：考点分布 出题方式 词性考查 考点分布 特别注意 有提示词 形容词/ 副词 原  级 1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形 2、修饰比较级最高级的词 3、less/least+adj/adv情况 4、双写+er的单词 比较级 最高级 动词 时态语态 1、各种时态的标志词以及特征 2、主动表被动情况 不定式 1、不定式作主宾表定状补 2、动名词作主宾表定 3、分词作表定状补 4、各种非谓语的时态语态 动名词 分  词 无提示词 冠词 定冠词/不定冠词 判断语境是特指还是非特指 介词 搭配及其他 熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法 代词 人称物主代词 1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分 2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语 3、代词作定语 不定代词 反身单词 动词 情态动词 观察语境中暗含的情感和态度 助动词/系动词 倒装情况 从属连词 定语从句 1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法 2、how+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，how many/much/ long....情况 3、表语从句连接词as if，because 名词性从句 状语从句 强调句 并列连词 并列句 判断上下句之间的逻辑关系 两个空和三个空的填法 两空常填连词 表原因：now that 表时间：every time/ the moment 表让步：even if / even though 表方式：as if / as though 表目的：so that / in case 表结果：so that 定语从句：介词 + which 表除了：except that 表疑问：how much (many/long/often/soon) 三空常填连词 表目的：in order that / for fear that 表时间：as soon as/by the time 表条件：as/so long as / on condition that 表让步：no matter how + adj./ no matter what (+ n.) 另：as far as (as far as I know, as far as I’m concerned) 两空常填介词 表原因：because of/ due to/ owing to/thanks to 表让步：regardless of 表相反：instead of/ rather than 表除了：except for / other than/apart from 表根据/例举：according to / such as 三空常填介词 表让步：in spite of 表并列：as well as 表除了：in addition to 表目的：in order to 两空常填情态动词      have to / had better / ought to / may/might (as) well 考点三：解题策略 浏览全文的目的是尽快把握文章大意，利用“大意”这条主线来引导自己，为下一步填空做好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生掌握考查方向，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。 在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能会迎刃而解。 Ø考点一：纯空格试题的解题技巧 技巧1：当句子缺主语或宾语，填代词。 前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语、表语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 技巧2： 在名词或“形容词+名词”前,填限定词。 如表示特指时用the/this/that/these/those 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an 表示“某人的”,用形容词性物主代词 表示“两者都”用both 表示“另一个”用another 表示“每一个”用every/each 表示“其他的”用other等,注意other接名词复数。 技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except,  by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 技巧4：若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 技巧5：若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。若两句之间表示转折关系有逗号填however，前后对比用while，表因果关系有逗号填therefore, 无逗号填so。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 技巧6：若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间：when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until 地点：where, wherever 原因：because, as, since, now that 目的：in order that, so that, in case, for fear that 结果：so that, so/such…that 比较：than, as…as, the more…the more 让步：although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or, 方式：as, as if/though, 条件：if, unless, as long as… 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。（强调、倒装、感叹） Ø考点二： 给出动词的解题技巧 技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况) 技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。 不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语； 动名词doing 表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语； 现在分词doing 表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语； 过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。 Ø考点三：给出形容词或副词的解题技巧 技巧10：括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the least的。 考点四：考法归纳 ●理解句意：首先，快速阅读整个句子，理解其大致意思。这有助于你判断空白处所需词汇的类别（如名词、动词、形容词等）和大致含义。 ●分析句子结构：识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，这有助于你确定空白处应该填入的词性。例如，主语通常由名词或代词担任，谓语由动词担任等。 ●注意语法规则： 时态和语态：根据句意和上下文，判断动词的时态和语态是否正确。 非谓语动词：识别并正确使用动名词、不定式和分词形式。 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。 冠词和介词：注意冠词（a, an, the）和介词（如in, on, at）的正确使用。 词汇变形：如果空白处需要填入一个已知词汇的某种形式（如名词复数、动词时态、形容词比较级等），确保你能正确地进行词汇变形。 ●利用上下文线索：仔细阅读句子前后的内容，寻找与空白处相关的线索。这些线索可能是同义词、反义词、解释性说明或逻辑关联词。 ●排除法：如果某个选项明显不符合句子的语法规则或语境，可以将其排除。然后，在剩下的选项中做出选择。 · 【语法填空思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 2024·辽宁·二模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The main structure of the Datengxia water resources management facility in Southwest China has been completed four months ahead 61 schedule, the Ministry of Water Resources said on Saturday. The project, 62 is located in the Xijiang River, has eight power generation 63 (unit), each with an installed capacity of 200,000 kilowatts (千瓦). It can 64 (annual) generate more than 6 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. In cooperation with other reservoirs (水库), the project can help Wuzhou, a city with 65 population of over 2.8 million in Guangxi, deal with once-in-a-hundred-year floods. Previously, the city was only able to hold floods that occur once every 50 years. The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta 66 (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. The ministry said the Datengxia facility will also provide strong support for rural development, offering irrigation (灌溉) water to 80,000 hectares of farmland and 67 (address) drinking water shortage for almost 1.4 million people in Guangxi. The project has already played 68 (significance) roles in the past three years when it was put into trial operation. For example, in June last year, it helped prevent 69 store about 700 million cubic meters of floodwater when the Xijiang River 70 (hit) by a flood. In the peak, it reduced water flow by 3,500 cubic meters per second. · 2024·四川遂宁·三模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thousands of years ago, Chinese characters appeared on animal bones and silk before they 71 (write) on paper. But now many 72 character has a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team, drawing every little bit of 73 (inspire) from Xunzi, an outstanding Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221 BC), has rolled out Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in association with a leading ancient Chinese text publisher. When 74 (ask) why, the team leader explained, “Characters set invertical layout (竖版), the absence of pausing and punctuation are all holding readers back.” 75 (create) Xunzi the LLM, the team first did a lot of research. Since2013, they’ve sweated 76 (heavy) to digitize Chinese classics like the SikuQuanshu. “The hard work involves a large-scale pool of two billion Chinese characters, 77 has laid a solid foundation for the LLM.” Their efforts seem to have paid off. Currently, Xunzi the LLM can translate, punctuate 78 understand some ancient Chinese texts. The model can help us mine for more information hidden in our cultural legacy and find unnoticed models and connections. The team have shared the LLM on GitHub and other websites, 79 (allow) users to download and use it for free. They’re committed to the philosophy of making the data and model 80 (access) globally. 课后反馈 演练 2024·山东·二模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, 51 (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when 52 (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills. To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin 53 (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, 54 function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock. There 55 (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of 56 other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are 57 (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children. Playing with shuttlecocks is 58 (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient 59 (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime. Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing 60 people of all ages. · 2024·安徽芜湖·三模 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds is the 41 (eight) solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from grain are becoming full but are not ripe. The 24 solar terms 42 (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people’s lives through special foods, 43 (culture) ceremonies, gardening and even healthy living tips that correspond 44 each solar term. During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full". Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimp big and fat. This is a good time 45 (eat) fish and shrimp. It is also 46 harvest season for fishermen. A Chinese farmer proverb says, “Mulberries become black during the Grain Buds period”. Thus it is a good season to eat mulberries. This time is a good period for the quick 47 (grow) of flowers. It is also a season 48 plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high. High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may also give rise to nettle rash, sweat spots and other skin 49 (disease) . It is also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, 50 (jog) and practicing Tai Chi are popular. 【2024新课标I卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 101 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 102 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 103 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 104 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 105 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 106 first time. These plants included modern Western 107 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 108 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 109 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 110 (rich) of gardening in England. 【2024新课标II卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 111 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 112 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 113 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 114 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 115 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 116 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 117 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 118 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 119 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 120 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【2024全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 221 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 222 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 223 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 224 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 225 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 226 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 227 all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 228 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 229 (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 230 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【2024浙江1月卷】 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 231 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 232 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 233 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 234 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 235 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 236 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 237 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 238 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 239 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 240 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$