2025年广东中考英语二轮复习语法专项突破课件：专题三 代词

专题三　代词 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 人称代词 短文填空 (2024)66.One of them (2023)66.put it (2022)75.celebrated it 物主代词 语法选择 (2023)32.he， him， his (2022)40.she， her， hers 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 反身代词 / / 指示代词 / / 不定代词 / / 疑问代词 / / 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 1. 人称代词主格通常作主语，宾格常作宾语或表语。 2. 形容词性物主代词用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用；当表示 强调时，形容词性物主代词与own连用，表示“某人自己的”。 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，具有名词 的特征，须单独使用。 3. 反身代词可作宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词常见短语： teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 help oneself 随便吃 by oneself 独自地，单独 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 lose oneself 迷路 注意：多个人称代词同时出现的顺序：单数是you， he/she and I；复数是we， you and they。 (　B　)1. (2024福建改编)Using AI tools in the right way can help  　　　　to work better. A. we B. us C. our D. ours (　C　)2. (2024河北)－Mary， is this your sister’s smartwatch？ －No，  　　　　is pink. A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours B C (　A　)3.(2024常州)Little Mary was proud of  　　　　because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A. herself B. hers C. she D. her (　A　)4. (2024北京)My friends and I like sports.  　　　　often play basketball together after school. A. We B. I C. They D. You A A 指示代词 1. this/these与that/those 单数 复数 用法 例句 this these 指在空间和时间上 较近的事物 This city is very beautiful. that those 指在空间和时间上 较远的事物 Those are my favourite flowers. 注意：在电话用语中，称呼自己用this，称呼对方用that。如： －Who’s that， please？ －Hello！ This is Bob speaking. 2. it、 one、 that作代词的区别 代词 用法 例句 it 指上文提到过的事物(同类同 物) This room is mine. It is small but tidy. one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物 中的一个(同类不同物) The dresses are pretty， and I want to buy one. 代词 用法 例句 that 常用于比较结构中，代替前 面提到的不可数名词或可数 名词单数，如指代可数名词 复数要用those，避免重复 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong. The trees outside the yard are taller than those inside. 3. 多功能it的用法 用法 例句 用于指人以外的一切生物及 无生命的事物 It looks like a cat！ 表示时间、天气、季节、距 离等 It’s an hour’s walk from my home to the school. 用于上文提及的内容 You mustn’t play on the road.It’s dangerous. 用法 例句 用作形式主语，常用于“It’s＋ adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”“It takes/took sb.… to do …”等句型 中 It’s important for us to keep the water clean. It took me a week to finish reading the book. 用法 例句 用作形式宾语，常用于“sb.＋动词 ＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型中，与 之搭配的动词有find、think、make、consider、feel等 He found it not easy to learn a language well. 用法 例句 用于固定搭配中，如“It’s time to do sth./for sth.”“It’s one’s turn to do sth.”“It seems that …”等 It’s time to have supper. (　C　)5. (2024龙东改编)He found  　　　　very interesting to visit Harbin in winter. A. this B. that C. it D. one C 不定代词 1. 不定代词的判定 (1)根据定义判断：不指明代替任何特定名词的代词。如： somebody，anything。 (2)根据用法判断：既可以置于名词前，又可以指代名词。如： many boys，all of you。 2. 不定代词的辨析 不定 代词 辨析 例句 some， any (1)都是“一些”的意思，都可 以修饰或指代可数名词或不可数 名词 (2)some多用于肯定句中；any多 用于否定句、疑问句中 (3)表示请求、邀请或征求意见 的问句，通常要用 some而不用 any Tom has some books. Do you have any questions？ He doesn’t have any pens. Would you like to have some water？ 不定 代词 辨析 例句 few， a few (1)few修饰或指代可数名词复 数，表示否定 (2)a few修饰或指代可数名词复 数，表示肯定 He has few friends. He has a few friends. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 little， a little (1)little修饰或指代不可数名 词，表示否定 (2)a little修饰或指代不可数名 词，表示肯定 There is little water. There is still a little water left. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 many， much (1)many修饰或指代可数 名词复数 (2)much修饰或指代不可 数名词 Many boys are interested in e-games. The toy cost much money. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 both， either， neither (1)both 指两者都 (2)either指两者中的任意一个 (修饰或指代可数名词单数) (3)neither指两者都不(作主语 时，谓语动词用单数) He is blind in both eyes. There’re no trees on either side of the river. Neither answer is right. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 all， none (1)all指三者或三者以上都，或指不可数 的事物 (2)none指三者或三者以上都不(作主语 时，多与of构成短语none of，谓语动词 用单复数均可)；既可指人又可指物 Are they all students？ None of the films is/are nice. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 no one， nobody 表示三者或三者以上全部否定，只 用于指人不用于指物，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数 No one/Nobody has read this book. 不定 代词 辨析 例句 each， every (1)each 指两者或两者以上，侧重于 个体 (2)every指三者或三者以上，侧重整 体；不能单独使用，只有与名词连 用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和 宾语 There are trees on each side of the road. Every child enjoys Christmas. 不定代词 辨析 例句 another， other， others， the other, the others (1)another“又一；另外 的”，既可作形容词又可作代词 (2)other“另外/其他一些”， 后接名词 (3)others“另外/其他一些人或物”，后不接名词 (4)the other表示“两者/部分中的另一个/部分” (5)the others＝the other＋名词 复数，表示“剩余的人或 物”(其后不接名词) Will you sing another song？ She’s ready to help other people. We should think of others. Tom has two pets. One is a dog， and the other is a bird. I have some pens.Two of them are red， and the others are blue. 3. 复合不定代词 分 类 some- any- no- every- 用法 人 somebody anybody nobody everybody (1)作单数，表示 “某物”“某人” 等 (2)在修饰不定代词 时，形容词要放在 不定代词之后， 如：something new someone anyone nobaby everyone 物 something anything nothing everything (　C　)6. (2024武汉) －More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. －Yeah， that’s because  　　　　can give people a big laugh. A. all B. none C. both D. neither C (　D　)7.(2024东营)－It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying. －Me too.  　　　　here is so nice. I love the city. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything D (　B　)8.(2024滨州) －I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao. －Yes，  　　　　could say no to it there. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody B 疑问代词 1. 疑问代词的判定 疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，如：what、 which、who、whom、whose等。用于特殊疑问句中，一般放句 首，并在句中充当句子成分。 2. 疑问代词的用法 疑问代词 词义 例句 what 什么 What class is he in？ What is her father？ which 哪个；哪些 Which is better？ Which city do you like best？ 疑问代词 词义 例句 who 谁(主格) Who helped you with your homework？ whom 谁(宾格) Whom did you visit last Sunday？ whose 谁的 Whose bike was lost yesterday？ 注意：在口语中who可以代替whom。 (　C　)9. (2024广西改编)－Henry，  　　　　is your job？ －I’m a policeman. A. how B. where C. what D. when C 代词在语法选择中的运用 ★1. 形容词性物主代词作定语 (2023广东)At the age of seven， David had 　32　 first astronaut(宇 航员) training experience. 32. A. he B. him C. his 【思路点拨】根据句意可知，七岁那年戴维有了他第一次宇 航员训练的经历。设空后的“first astronaut(宇航员) training experience”是名词短语，此处应用形容词性物主代 词。故选C。 ★2. 人称代词作主语或宾语 (2021广东)Workers started to build the bridge in May， 2018. 　33　cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete. 33. A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs 【思路点拨】分析句子结构可知，此句缺少主语，此处应用人称 代词的主格形式指代上句中的“the bridge”，即用It。故选A。 代词在短文填空中的运用 ★人称代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后 (2024广东)As summer comes around， outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of  　66　 is bike riding， or biking. 【思路点拨】根据语境及分析句子结构可知，此处指它们中的一 个是骑行。此处指代上文中的“outdoor activities”，且在介词of 后作宾语，应用them。故填them。 一、单项填空 (　A　)1. (2024西藏)Although he is new in this city， he doesn’t feel lonely because he has  　　　　friends. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little A (　A　)2.(2024兴安盟) I advise you not to show  　　　　on WeChat because it may cause trouble. A. anything personal B. personal anything C. something personal D. personal something A (　B　)3. (2024崇左一模改编)Some people enjoy pizza， but  　　　　 prefer Chinese traditional food. A. the other B. others C. the others D. other B (　B　)4.(2024钦州一模改编) 　　　　 usually takes him half an hour to get to school every day. A. This B. It C. That D. One (　C　)5. My sister enjoys singing and  　　　　 favorite subject is music. A. his B. your C. her D. their B C 二、从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空 　some　either　you　he　I　 1. (2024玉林一模改编)Don’t always depend on others. You should try to do things by ⁠. 2. (2024钦州二模改编)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles， but I don’t like of them very much. 3. There isn’t milk in the fridge now. Why not buy some online？ yourself　 either　 any　 4. Though the old man is more than 80， he teaches ⁠ how to use WeChat. 5. －My father will take to the West Lake in Hangzhou this Saturday. －Really？ I hope you’ll enjoy your weekend. himself　 me　 三、小语篇特训 (一)语法选择 　　Coffee has been a part of people’s lives for thousands of years， and it is still a favorite drink in the world. Here is a story about how  　1　 was discovered. (　A　)1. A. it B. its C. itself A 　　The story tells  　2　 coffee was discovered in Africa long long ago. One day a farmer was watching his goats， and saw them eating  　3　 berries(浆果) from a plant. The goats became very active after  　4　 ate the berries. The man often felt tired， so he (　C　)2. A. we B. our C. us (　C　)3. A. any B. every C. some (　A　)4. A. they B. them C. their C C A decided to try the berries， too. To  　5　 surprise， he didn’t feel tired any more. Coffee plants were thus discovered. Then coffee was taken from Africa to  　6　 countries in Europe. 　　After that， the farmers started to grow coffee plants， especially in South America. (　C　)5. A. he B. him C. his (　A　)6. A. other B. others C. the others C A (二)短文填空 　　请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空， 使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词， 每词仅用一次， 有两词为多余项。 　we　he　others　nothing　they　you　anything　 　　By thinking about our bad emotions(情绪)， we can find healthy ways to deal with them. Unhealthy behaviors are not the way to do this. There are better ways to deal with 1. . One of the best ways is forgiveness(原谅). them　 　　Forgiveness is a powerful tool. We should forgive 2. first. We must also forgive others who have made us angry. This is not always easy. But there is 3. good about carrying bad emotions inside. By forgiving ourselves and 4. ， we can put down our pressure and feel better about ourselves. The moment you do this， you will start to feel like 5. have more energy and you’ll be much happier with your life. ourselves　 nothing　 others　 you　 四、短文填空(核心素养：思维品质) 　　请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空， 使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次， 有两词为多余项。 　　(2024山西改编)As the saying goes， “Life is like a box of chocolates， you never know what you will get.” During our 1. for zhongkao， we might get the bitter(苦的) chocolate. The bitterness comes from many things， 2. getting up early， doing all kinds of exercises and so on. preparation　 like　 　surprised　teacher　we　achieve　prepare　when　just　but　 also　however　like　tidy　 But when we taste the bitterness carefully， we will be 3. to discover some sweetness in it. The sweetness comes from the people who love 4. . The first must be our parents. They helped us to 5. up our rooms and prepare delicious meals. Besides， we want to express thanks to our 6. . They helped us to bring out the best in ourselves. 7. ， we shouldn’t forget our classmates. They helped us to keep moving 8. we wanted to give up. With the help of all of them， we could 9. so much in our life. surprised　 us　 tidy　 teachers　 Also　 when　 achieve　 And life is the same. Bitterness is just the outside，10. ⁠ the sweetness is the inside. When we think life is not what we expect， we can look to the bright side and will find something nice. but　 $$