Unit 6 Ancient times Vocabulary 词汇 导学案 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

Unit 6 Ancient stories 词汇讲义及练习 班级：__________________ 姓名：__________________ Part 1·Vocabulary 一．课前预习: 根据音标写出单词、词性和中文含义（“/”代表音节划分） 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 /'eɪn/ʃ(ə)nt/ 2 /'trəu/dʒən/ 3 /wɔː/ 4 /ʌn/də/'stænd/ 5 /'dɪ/f(ə)/r(ə)ns/ 6 /'pɪ/rə/mɪd/ 7 /'kæp/tɪn/ 8 /griːk/ 9 /'kæp/tʃə/ 10 /'səʊl/dʒə/ 11 /hjuːdʒ/ 12 /pʊl/ 13 /meɪn/ 14 /'se/lɪ/breɪt/ 15 /'stjuː/pɪd/ 16 /'mɪd/naɪt/ 17 /'em/ptɪ/ 18 /ɪk/'sept/ 19 /'siː/krɪt/ 20 /saɪd/ 21 /ˈkwaɪ/ət/li/ 22 /'ɑː/mɪ/ 23 /'en/tə/ 24 /sək/'siːd/ 25 /trɪk/ 26 /prɪns/ 27 /kwiːn/ 28 /stiːl/ 29 /'pʌ/nɪʃ/ 30 /siːn/ 31 /sɜː/ 32 act out 33 make jokes about 34 except for 35 be full of 36 in the end 37 come on 2． 词汇精讲与练习 1. ancient adj. 古代的 【反义词】________________ adj. 现代的 【短语积累】________________________ 在古代 2. war n. 战争 反义词：peace n. 和平 【短语积累】___________________ 世界大战； ___________________第二次世界大战； 3. understand v.懂；理解 understand -____________-____________ 【同根词】________________ n. 理解 ________________ v.误解 【小试牛刀】 1)I have ____________ the word's meaning.我已经懂了这个词的意思。 2)Thanks for your ______________(understand). 3. difference n.差别；不同（之处） 【词性变换】____________________adj. 不同的 【短语积累】_______________________ 有影响 _______________________与...不同、有差异 【反义短语】be similar to 与……相似 be the same as… 与….相同 【小试牛刀】 1)Could you tell me the ______________ (different) between the two computers? 2)I'm sure it will _________ _________ _________ to your health if you keep running every day. 如果你能坚持每天跑步，我相信这会对你的健康产生影响。 3) Your schoolbag _______ _______ _______ mine. 你的书包和我的不一样。 4. Greek n. 希腊人 Greek adj. 希腊的; Greece n. 希腊 5. huge adj. 巨大的 【辨析】 big ：多用于具体的、有形的人或物，其反义词多为little／small large ：常指面积、范围，可表示数和量。其反义词为small huge ：体积的巨大或超过标准的巨大，有“very large”的意思。 giant ：形容超强的，庞大的。 heavy ：指雨(rain)大。 strong：指风(wind) 、地震(earthquake)大 6. pull v. 拖，拉动( 向某方向) 【反义词】推 ___________ 7. main adj. 主要的 【同义词】____________________； 【词性变换】 ____________________ adv. 主要地 【小试牛刀】The passage ________ tells us that honesty is very important. 这篇文章主要告诉我们诚实非常重要。 8. celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺 【词性变换】________________ n. 庆祝 9. midnight n.午夜；子夜 【短语积累】_______________________在午夜 _______________________在午夜前 10. except adj.除……以外 【辨析】 1) except意为“除...以外（不包括）”。后接的词同主语一般是同类,指在同类的整体中除去一个部分； 要点：____________________________________ They went to the park except me. 除了我以外，他们都去公园了。 2) besides 意为“除...以外（还）”。要点：________________________________________ Besides the two novels, I have bought two comics. 除了这两本小说，我还买了两本漫画书。 3) except for 意为“除...以外（美中不足的是）”。后接的词同句子中的主语不是同类的,指从整体中除去一个细节,一个方面；要点：_____________________________________ The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外(其他)都很好。 选用 except，except for 或 besides 填空。 - He is quite a good man ________ his bad temper（坏脾气）. - They all went to sleep ________ me. - ________ milk and cheese, we need vegetables - He had other people to take care of ____________me. 11. secret adj.秘密的 【词性变换】secret __________ 秘密 ____________________adv. 秘密地 【短语积累】_________________________保守秘密 12. army n.陆军部队 【短语积累】____________________参军 13. enter v.进来；进入 【同义词】enter = ______________________ 14. succeed v.达到目的；获得成功 【词性变换】 ______________ n. 成功 ________________ adj. 成功的 _______________ adv. 成功地 【短语积累】_________________________ 成功做某事 【小试牛刀】选用 succeed，success，successful 或 successfully填空，注意其形式。 1) His uncle is a ________________ inventor. 2) Dick has ________________ in getting the job. 3) We are very happy with your great ________________. 4) We worked out the problem ________________ in the end. 15. trick n.计谋 【短语积累】 ____________________= ____________________= _________________ = _________________ 取笑、作弄某人 16. prince n.王子 【同根词】____________________ n. 公主 17. steal v.偷；窃取 steal -____________-____________ 18. punish v.处罚；惩罚 【短语积累】______________________________ 因做某事而惩罚某人 19. be full of 有大量的 【同义词】_________________________ 20. in the end 最后 【同义词】in the end = ____________________ = ____________________ 【辨析】at the end of + 名词， 意为“在...的末端、尽头” 3． 词汇巩固练习 （1） 根据首字母提示或汉语提示完成单词 1.Do you know how the a_________________ people lived? 2.I know a s_________________ way to the park. 3.To get the m_________________ idea of the text, you should read it carefully again. 4.You are not s_________________ but lazy. You can do better if you worker harder. 5.The fridge is e_________________. We need to buy some food this week. 6.Jack wants to join the a_________________to be a s_________________ when he grows up. 7. All of my classmates went to do the cleaning e_________________ Mike, because he was ill that day. 8.I can’t find any d_________________ between the twins. 9.He was very happy because his invention was a h_________________ success. 10.I’m sure she will s_________________one day in the future because she practises so hard. （二）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. When she ____________ (enter) the museum yesterday, she found some famous paintings. 2. The man has ____________ (steal) three hundred bikes so far. The police are trying to catch him. 3. It's impolite of you to make ____________ (joke) about the poor. 4. His father finds it impossible to let his son sit ________________(quiet) in front of the desk. 5. If you want to have much ______________(succeed), you should not give up. 7. The speech made by Professor Zhang yesterday ______________(main) told us how to be successful. （三）根据句子意思，从下面每小题的三个选项中选出恰当的词语完成句子。 (　 　)1. —How will you ________ your success? —I’ll have a party and share the happiness with my family and friends. A. celebrate B. make C. create (　 )2. —Why do you look sad? —Because I failed the exam and my parents ________ me. A. promised B. encouraged C. punished (　 　)3. —John is a naughty boy and he always ________ others. —It is impolite to do so. A. takes care of B. acts out C. makes jokes about (　 　 )4.—All the workers went home yesterday________ Mr Black. Why? —Because he was on duty. A. except B. besides C. except for (　 　 )5. —______________! Believe yourself. You have the ability to do that. —Thank you. I’ll keep trying. A. Come over B. Come up C. Come on (　 　)6.—Oh! We’ve just missed the 8 o’clock film. —______________.It’ll be on again in one hour. A. My pleasure B. Have fun C. Don’t worry （4） 完成句子 1.这一个月他们生活被工作填满了。 Their life _____________ _____________ _____________ work during the whole month. 2.除了睡觉时间，他们都非常忙。 They were all really busy _____________ _____________ sleep time. 3.最后，他们终于准时地完成了任务。 _____________ _____________ _____________, they finished the task on time. 4.他们也成功拿到了一等奖。 They also _____________ ______________ _____________ the first prize. 5.你不应该拿那个盲人开玩笑。 You shouldn’t _____________ _____________ _____________the blind man. 6.李老师让孩子们两人一组把对话表演出来 Mr Li asked the kids to_____________ _____________ the dialogue in pairs. 7.哈里，加油！你能赢这场比赛。 Harry, _____________ _____________! You can win the game. Part 2·Phrases 1. 将……表演出来__________________ 2. 放弃______________________________ 3. 把……拖进……__________________ 4. 拿……开玩笑________________________ 7. 直到午夜 __________________ 6. 除……之外 _________________________ 7. （有）大量的；__________________ 8. 成功做成……_______________________ 9. on the side of ... __________________ 10. climb out of ...____________________ 11. one by one __________________ 12. by doing...___________________________ 13. order sb. to do sth.__________________ 14. play a trick on sb___________________ 15.决定做某事…_____________________ 16.爱上某人…__________________________ 17.带某人去某地_____________________ 18.偷某人某物__________________________ 19.在最后___________________________ 20. 做记号___________________________ 21.要求/命令某人做某事_____________ 22.十天内________________________________ 23.三天内/后_______________________ 24.把……填满__________________________ 25.一大早__________________________ 26.朝……驶去___________________________ 27.在...的另一边______________________ 28.受到攻击______________________________ 29.看穿，识破________________________ 30.充满________________________________ 31.转过来___________________________ 32.把某物给某人 _______________________ 33.很久以前_________________________ 34.如此…以至_____________________ 35.就在那时____________________________ 36.用这种方法___________________ Part 3·Sentences 翻译句子 1.首领站在特洛伊城的高墙上。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.“希腊人走了，我们赢了，”他说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.“十年来他们一直试图占领我们的城市！” ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. “可是看那边，”一个士兵说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.“他们留下了一个巨大的木马。” ________________________________________________________________________________ 6.帮帮手，把它拉入城内。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 7.那天晚上，在城的主广场上，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 8.他们围的木马又唱又跳，在讲着关于愚蠢的希腊人的笑话。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.到了午夜，主广场空荡荡的，除了那匹巨大的木马。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 10.突然，木马一侧打开了一道暗门。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 11.他们一个接一个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 12.希腊军队入城了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 13.（就）在一晚上，他们通过一个巧妙的计谋成功地夺取了它。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$