Unit4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4　Natural Disasters 人教版2019必修第一册 Discovering Useful Structures attributive clause(定语从句) Learning objectives: （学习目标） 1. To master the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses. 2. To learn to use the restrictive relative clauses mentioned flexibly. contents（内容） The attribute 定语（定义及判定） Attributive Clause 定语从句（定义、构成、分类、关系代词的选择） 定语从句中的主谓一致: 关系代词的省略 Summary（总结） Exercises I What is attribute(定语）？ Attribute is a word or phrases to modify a noun or pronoun . Underline the attribute . 1. Strange things happened there. 2. A pretty girl came to visit the museum . 3. Some students bought beautiful flowers. 4. More buildings were built in that city. 5. All children were taken good care of. 6. Fresh air is what the patient need most. 7. The man in the lab is my best friend. II What is an attributive clause?（定语从句） Translate the following sentences into Chinese.  这个学生叫汤姆。  这个学生正在看书。  这个正在看书的学生叫汤姆。 This student is Tom. The student is reading. The student （who is reading ）is Tom. 定义 定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。（从句做定语。） 2.位置 在被修饰的词的后面 III The main elements(要素) of the attributive clause 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词， 引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词） The student （who is reading ）is Tom. 先行词 + 关系代词 + 从句 划出定语从句、先行词和关系词 1.Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage? 2.This is the museum which was built last year. 3.I’ll forever remember the days when I studied abroad. 4.He was late , which made his teacher angry. Do you know how many relative pronouns(关系代词) ? 限制性 定语从句 非限制性 定语从句 IV定语从句中的关系代词 先行词是人 先行词是物 that who whom whose that which whose How to use them correctly? The usages（用法） of relative pronouns(关系代词) who 在从句中作主语, whom在从句中作宾语；代替先行词（人）。  The man who is speaking at the meeting is a famous scientist. 主语；指人  This is the famous scientist whom we visited last week. i. 宾语；指人 1.who 、whom 在定语从句中的用法 在定语从句中作定语,修饰先行词（人或物），意为“某人的、某物的”。  They rushed over to help the man whose car broke down.  There is a mountain whose top is always covered with snow.. 2. whose 在从句中的用法 which 在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,代替先行词（指物）。 He finally worked out the problem which puzzled him. The fish which we bought yesterday were not fresh. .  Beijing which he once worked in is a beautiful city . 主语；指物 宾语；指物 介词宾语；指物 which作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which 之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后 in which we lived 3 which 在定语从句中的用法 作主语或宾语，指人或物 1.The trees that stand by the river were planted by us. 作主语；指物 2.The book (that) I bought is worth reading. 作宾语；指物 3.We should ignore（忽视） the persons and things that upset us. 作主语；指人和物 4. that 在从句中的用法 Can which be used in the sentence ？ 1.which 2.which 3 that .What are the differences between that and which? 只能用that的情况： 1.先行词为everything, nothing, something等不定代词时。 e.g. Everything that we saw in this film was true. 2.先行词为all, every, some, any, much等词或被这些词修饰时。 e.g. I’ve read all the books that you lend me. 3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 e.g. Shanghai is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰时。 This is the only problem that remains to be settled. 5. 先行词既有人又有物的时候，只能用that。 ①介词提前，which作宾语 Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. ②在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. 只能用which的情况 V 关系代词的省略 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略； 做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。 Is he the man who /that wants to see you?( 作wants的主语不可省略) Hangzhou is a beautiful city(that/which) I always want to visit. （在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略） Hangzhou ,which I visited last week, is a beautiful city.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略） VI 定语从句中的主谓一致: 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，定语从句的谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 He is a good student who likes to help others. They are good students who like to help others. He is one of the students who were praised. He is the one/ the only one of the students who was praised. VII Summary （总结）: 定语从句 先行词 关系代词 被定语从句修饰或限定的_______ 或_______词； 在复合句中，修饰或限定_______或_______的从句。 1.代替先行词 2.在定语从句中作成分 3.引导定语从句 可以指_______或_______ 名词 代词 名词 代 人 指物 who that which whom whose 指代 成分 指人 主/宾 指人/物 主/宾 指物 主/宾 指人 宾 指人/物 定 VIII Exercises Fill in the blanks with that,which,who,whose,whom or “\” 1. The trees ________ stand by the river are very strong. 2. She never gives in to those ________ have money. 3. This is the best film ________ has been shown so far in the city. 4. February is the only month ________ has fewer than 30 days. 5. This is the room in __________ my father lived last year. . 6. Yesterday I met the teacher ________ daughter is my friend. that./which who that that whichwhose 链接高考真题 1.The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. （2024·新高考I卷·语法填空） 2.Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. （2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） 3.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. （2022新高考I卷） that/which 设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句 2 . who 先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导 3.that 设空处在从句中作 主语， 先行词species前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that 链接高考真题 4. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. （2024·新高考II卷） 5.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life ............. (2023全国乙卷） 6.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. （2022全国甲卷） 4 .that/which 句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，先行词为way. 6.who 句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导 5.which/that 句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方. 先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语. IX Homework 1.Make sentences to describe the one you like with restrictive relative clauses using that, which, who, whose, or whom. 2.名言背诵（定语从句） 1.He who would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 千里之行,始于足下。 2.He who laughs last laughs best . 谁笑到最后,谁笑得最美。 3.Nothing is too difficult to the man who will try. 世上无难事,只要肯登攀。 4.God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 5.Not all that glitters is gold. 闪光的不都是金子。 Lavf58.29.100 Bilibili VXCode Swarm Transcoder v0.7.45 $$