精品解析：山东省实验中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

山东省实验中学2024～2025学年第一学期期中 高二英语试题 2024.11 说明：本试卷满分150分，分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷为第1页至第10页，第Ⅱ卷为第11页至第12页。选择题答案请用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上，非选择题答案请用0.5mm签字笔在答题纸规定位置上填写。考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the party begin in fact? A. At 6:30 p. m. B. At 7:00 p. m. C. At 7:30 p. m. 2. Where did the woman go during her visit to Europe? A. France. B. Finland. C. Iceland. 3. Why did the man apologize to the woman? A. He forgot to bring the woman’s book. B. He lost the book the woman lent him. C. He couldn’t lend the book to the woman. 4. What will the man do on Sunday morning? A. Take his son to the park. B. Stay with his parents at home. C. Do shopping with his wife. 5. What is the woman? A. She is a librarian. B. She is a bank clerk. C. She is a college teacher. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What sport did Joe take part in? A. The relay race. B. The high jump. C. The long jump. 7. Who won the men’s 100-meter race? A. John. B. Peter. C. Bob. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Which month is it now? A. May. B. July. C. September. 9. What will the man do in July? A. Conduct a research project. B. Attend a conference. C. Type his paper up. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What did the woman forget to do this morning? A. To turn off her radio. B. To talk with her neighbor. C. To give her dad a message. 11. When does the woman wake up every morning? A. At four. B. At four thirty. C. At five. 12 Why does the woman feel tired? A. She can’t sleep well because of the noise. B. Her father is always angry with her. C. She is very busy with her work. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has Alice decided to learn? A. Art. B. Medicine. C. Music. 14. Who is the woman? A. She’s Alice’s teacher. B. She’s Alice’s friend. C. She’s Alice’s sister. 15. What is said about an artist’s income? A. About sixty percent of the average person’s. B. Six times more than the average person’s. C. Sixty percent more than the average person’s. 16. What will the speakers do next? A They will go out for supper. B. They will have a talk with Alice. C. They will give Alice some money. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the story probably happen? A. In a clothing shop. B. At a bus station. C. In a restaurant. 18. How did the young couple feel when the old lady came to them? A. Embarrassed. B. Delighted. C. Surprised. 19. What did the young couple do when the old lady left? A. They waved her goodbye. B. They called a taxi for her. C. They took a photo with her. 20. What can we know from the story? A. The old lady was kind and polite. B The couple was glad to do a good deed. C. The manager thought they were a family. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Wondering where to go for a tour this summer vacation? Whether you are a fan of Mother Nature, our impressive history, or splendid architecture, you will find one of the following attractions appealing to you. Jiu Zhaigou National Park Location: in the north of Sichuan. Famous for: green lakes, multi-level waterfalls, colorful forests, snow peaks, Tibetan customs and blue ice, UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) Site. Best time to visit: from June to September. Huangshan Mount Location: in the south of Anhui. Famous for: unique guest-greeting pines, absurd stones, sea of clouds and amazing hot springs. Rich in: natural resources and various species, for which it has been listed as a World Heritage Site. Best time to visit: different seasons witness its various and unique beauty. Yungang Grottoes (石窟) Location: in the south Datong, Shanxi. Reasons to visit: listed among top 4 grottoes in China, one of UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is said to be the best preserved Buddhist cave art in China with 53 caves containing over 51,000 stone carvings of Buddha and Buddhist dating from the 5th and 6th centuries. Best time to visit: summer and autumn for cool weather. Suzhou Classical Gardens Location: in the downtown area of Suzhou, Jiangsu. Reasons to visit: listed as a World Heritage Site in 1997, the gardens of Suzhou represent the development of Chinese landscape garden design over more than 2000 years, including three most featured gardens in Suzhou: Humble Administrator’s Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and Lingering Garden (留园). Best time to visit: all year around. 1. What is Huangshan Mount well known for? A. Unique waterfalls. B. Ancient culture and art. C. Snow-covered peaks. D. Beautiful natural scenery. 2. What do the four attractions have in common? A. Being far away from cities. B. Being rich in natural resources. C. Being UNESCO World Heritage Sites. D. Being man-made wonders. 3. Which place would you recommend to a student interested in stone statues? A. Yungang Grottoes. B. Huangshan Mount. C. Suzhou Classical Gardens. D. Jiu Zhaigou National Park. B Norwegian author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable”. The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red, Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. “His literary works, spanning a variety of types, comprise about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, essays, children’s books and translations,” said Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature. Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was involved in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of loneliness and reflection. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions. “He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson. “What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings — anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death, which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes — it has appeal to this basic humanity.” Fosse is the first-ever Nobel Prize winner in Literature writing in Nynorsk (尼诺斯克语), one of the two official languages of Norwegian, but only used by just 10% of the population. Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic heritage. 4. What do we know about Jon Fosse according to this passage? A. He has written 40 works so far. B. He was originally famous as a poet. C. His works cover a diverse range of types. D. His most popular work is the play Red, Black. 5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Jon Fosse’s tough experiences. B. Jon Fosse’s achievements in writing. C. How life influenced Jon Fosse’s writing. D. What Jon Fosse’s literary works focus on. 6. What is special about Jon Fosse’s works according to Anders Olsson? A. They explore the meaning of life. B. They touch human’s deepest emotions. C. They show the bond between humans and nature. D. They appeal to readers to focus on personal feelings. 7. What is the significance of Fosse’s writing in Nynorsk? A. He has improved the international status of Norway. B. He promotes the development and protection of Nynorsk. C. He establishes Nynorsk as one official language of Norway. D. He shapes the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature. C In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing. In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically. Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi’s and Adıdas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly. Researchers said they could soon unlock a stage where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabrics that can shape-shift. Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave (编织) into sheets of fabric. These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes. But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential.” It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry (洗衣房), she said. Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward. “Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life.” she said. 8. What led to the creation of “The Right Trousers”? A. An electrical pump. B. A health issue. C. A tiny tube. D. A creative film. 9. What did scientists at MIT do last year? A. They put sensors in clothes. B. They created movable robotic fibers. C. They made batteries for robotic clothing. D. They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. 10. What does Do’s team find challenging? A. Reducing the size of robotic tubes. B. Keeping robotic tubes’ shape unchanged. C. Programming the shape of robotic tubes. D. Weaving robotic tubes into various fabrics. 11. What is Rebecca’s attitude toward the future of smart clothing? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. D Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023, a writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free. But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. With the release of new AI applications, discussions about the future of work are back in full force. A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI. But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work. In 2019, an independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores. Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store. Most importantly, Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks, which helped accommodate and employ the ‘automated’ technology, were often undervalued or even invisible. The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem. As jobs get disrupted (扰乱) and people’s livelihoods are threatened, it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason, whether you’re an expert or an employer. But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated. It’s a big thing to change, but it’s not set in stone. And that’s the real ‘robots and jobs’ conversation we need to be having. 12. Which word has the closet meaning with the underlined word “slashed” in Paragraph 1? A. Created. B. Reduced. C. Improved. D. Removed. 13. What can be inferred from Mateescu and Elish’s findings? A. Humans are still needed to deal with AI-generated problems. B. Humans cannot understand the real value of their own jobs. C. New advanced devices are being integrated in various jobs. D. Automated technology is taking away almost all jobs. 14. Why do people devalue labor? A. Cultural factors. B. Technological advances. C. Living pressure. D. Unemployment issues. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. A Wanted Conversation: Humans or Robots B. Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs C. A Promising Future: Humans and Robots D. Work Gets Deskilled by Robots 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hand gestures can be used to communicate while speaking. There are many universal hand signs, such as holding up an index finger (食指) to speak or interrupt, and putting a finger to the lips to ask for silence. ____16____ But there are some hand gestures that might mean something different in another country. Many differences in meaning. ____17____ It consists of creating a circle with the thumb (拇指) and index finger with other fingers extended. In most of the English-speaking cultures, it means “OK”. In Australia it means “zero” while in many Western countries it actually means “three”. Gestures with variation. A typical sign is the gesture “V”. To make the sign, you must have the index and middle finger extended up. But there is a big difference in its meaning depending on which way the palm is facing. Palm Facing Out: ____18____ Palm Facing In: The sign is an offence similar to giving the middle finger, particularly in the UK and South Africa. Politeness principle: Harmless or offensive? In the USA, the gesture of using your index finger to signal someone to come to you is not a welcome gesture in Asia. In the Philippines, this should only be used for dogs. ____19____ ____20____ Of course it helps to prepare before you visit a country. But if you forget or make a sign out of habit, just remember to apologize. And perhaps with an explanation, most people will be understanding. Above all, don’t forget to show your bright smile since it may carry us through awkward situations. A. A useful tip in case of emergencies. B. A universal sign of friendliness: Smile. C. There are so many well-known gestures. D. It is highly offensive to use it with humans. E. Originally this sign communicated “Victory.” F. These are generally understood all over the world. G. The following gesture has more than just one alternative meaning. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a Sunday afternoon and I went shopping at the supermarket as usual. I had three items in a checkout line. Ahead of me was a mother with two teenage boys. At the register was a white-haired woman, who had already begun to ____21____ her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them. Then something ____22____ happened. Sometimes it’s a customer with multiple coupons (优惠券) or someone who forgot to weigh a piece of fruit, or someone searching for change. ____23____ enough. One waited. But today, it was quite different. For whatever ____24____, this woman didn’t have enough money. So she began the ____25____ of choosing which items to keep and which to ____26____ to the cashier for re-shelving. She ____27____ over each one before deciding on keeping or giving it up. We waited. Longer lines grew quickly. The process went on and on. Finally, the woman turned back to us as she left, ____28____ and apologetic. We waved off her frustration, for it could happen to anyone. We were honestly showing our ____29____. But I had no idea just how the three ahead of me felt until their _____30_____ came The lady with the teens asked the cashier to add all the items that had been _____31_____ to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys _____32_____ through the exit with the small bag of groceries. When they returned, it was clear that their _____33_____ had been accomplished. “That was very nice!” I said. The people behind also showed _____34_____ smiles. All it took to witness this flash of _____35_____ was waiting a little longer in a checkout line. 21. A. purchase B. decline C. bag D. sort 22. A. unexpected B. urgent C. negative D. unbelievable 23. A. Amazing B. Fair C. Pleasant D. Fantastic 24. A. business B. attempt C. intention D. reason 25. A. process B. exhibition C. expansion D. recognition 26. A. hand back B. look forward C. give in D. hold on 27. A. reflected B. suspected C. begged D. paused 28. A. curious B. embarrassed C. calm D. indifferent 29. A. gratitude B. generosity C. sympathy D. anxiety 30. A. motion B. turn C. reward D. impression 31. A. left alone B. picked up C. left behind D. taken away 32. A. rushed B. inched C. struggled D. slipped 33. A. ambition B. dimension C. inspection D. mission 34. A. touching B. admiring C. encouraging D. fascinating 35. A. kindness B. tolerance C. friendship D. cooperation 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分） 注意：用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to people of achievement, Tu Youyou tops the list. With the objective of discovering a new ____36____ (treat) for malaria, Tu Youyou and her team insisted ____37____ analyzing the medical texts with patience, ____38____ (commit) themselves to the research and finally made it. While Albert Einstein, out of a strong passion ____39____ knowledge, pursued his lifelong study and ultimately made great achievements in physics. B 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Advances in technology have been emerging rapidly. Nevertheless, people always hold different views towards it. Some argue that so far technology ____40____ (benefit) us a lot and they can’t imagine what life would be like in the ____41____ (absent) of technology. For now, appliances (家电) can be controlled ____42____ (remote) and even be under automatic control one day. Despite that, there’s still someone fighting new technology. C 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language varies from culture to culture. That is, what is favored in one culture may be ____43____ (ban) in another. In some countries like China, shaking hands ____44____ (employ) to show friendliness when people meet someone else. Moreover, we often make the gesture “OK” to show agreement. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, ____45____ is considered impolite. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 根据所提供的汉语或英文首字母提示，在每个空白处填入一个恰当的单词，使语法正确、句义完整。将答案（含首字母）填写在答题卡的相应位置。 46. The team’s strategy was well-conducted, leading to a decisive d______ (击败) of their opponents. (根据中英文提示填空) 47. The new software is designed to be more ______ (高效的) in processing large data sets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. In the countryside, the stars become ______ (可见的) at night when the sky is clear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. She was the only w______ to the accident and provided a detailed account to the police. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. The negotiations, a______ (显然), have reached a point of no progress. (根据中英文提示填空) 51. She has the ______ (潜力) to become a leading figure in her field. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. The visa application was ______ (批准) after a thorough background check. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The calm atmosphere of the cafe ______ (吸引) to people looking for a quiet place to relax every day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. It is essential to have a______ (精确的) data to make scientific conclusions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. It can be difficult to d______ between the different species of birds in this area. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节 读后续写（共1篇；满分25分） 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 When my little brother Tom was four, Mom said something like “I’d give anything to have a few more hours in the day.” And Tom said, “Why don’t we buy a bigger clock?” If time worked that way, I could have used an extra-big clock last week! Our teacher had asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat, “I can’t believe we only have two nights to finish it,” Noah said with a sigh. “I have no idea how I’ll get mine done.” I didn’t say anything. Not because I was nervous—I wasn’t nervous at all. 1 love art projects! In fact, I was so relaxed that I didn’t work on the project at all on Monday night. I planned to start the minute I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday. But there was just one thing. I forgot baseball would run later than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies, which happens every month, and it’s a chance for us older students to practise baseball with the adorable younger kids. The second I got home, I threw the entire craft box (手工盒) onto the kitchen table, took out my “How Plants Eat” paper, and started to work. But just then, the telephone rang. It was my friend Ollie, who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted to know if I’d come help decorate them. I love decorating cookies, and I love, love, love Abucla’s world-famous Thanksgiving cookies that only happen once a year! I had no choice. I had to go. Ollie and I put all the star cookies with red jam filling in one group, and all the snowflakes with white cream-cheese filling in another. It was 7 o'clock when I finally got home.1 planned to work on my project right after we ate. But then another interruption hit me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna, it’s your turn to do the dishes.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at the big “F” on my paper, I started to reflect on what I had done these days. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 山东省实验中学2024～2025学年第一学期期中 高二英语试题 2024.11 说明：本试卷满分150分，分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷为第1页至第10页，第Ⅱ卷为第11页至第12页。选择题答案请用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上，非选择题答案请用0.5mm签字笔在答题纸规定位置上填写。考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the party begin in fact? A. At 6:30 p. m. B. At 7:00 p. m. C. At 7:30 p. m. 2. Where did the woman go during her visit to Europe? A. France. B. Finland. C. Iceland. 3. Why did the man apologize to the woman? A. He forgot to bring the woman’s book. B. He lost the book the woman lent him. C. He couldn’t lend the book to the woman. 4. What will the man do on Sunday morning? A. Take his son to the park. B. Stay with his parents at home. C. Do shopping with his wife. 5. What is the woman? A. She is a librarian. B. She is a bank clerk. C. She is a college teacher. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What sport did Joe take part in? A. The relay race. B. The high jump. C. The long jump. 7. Who won the men’s 100-meter race? A. John. B. Peter. C. Bob. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Which month is it now? A. May. B. July. C. September. 9. What will the man do in July? A. Conduct a research project. B. Attend a conference. C. Type his paper up. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What did the woman forget to do this morning? A. To turn off her radio. B. To talk with her neighbor. C. To give her dad a message. 11. When does the woman wake up every morning? A. At four. B. At four thirty. C. At five. 12. Why does the woman feel tired? A. She can’t sleep well because of the noise. B. Her father is always angry with her. C. She is very busy with her work. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has Alice decided to learn? A. Art. B. Medicine. C. Music. 14. Who is the woman? A. She’s Alice’s teacher. B. She’s Alice’s friend. C. She’s Alice’s sister. 15. What is said about an artist’s income? A. About sixty percent of the average person’s. B. Six times more than the average person’s. C. Sixty percent more than the average person’s. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. They will go out for supper. B. They will have a talk with Alice. C. They will give Alice some money. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the story probably happen? A. In a clothing shop. B. At a bus station. C. In a restaurant. 18. How did the young couple feel when the old lady came to them? A. Embarrassed. B. Delighted. C. Surprised. 19. What did the young couple do when the old lady left? A. They waved her goodbye. B. They called a taxi for her. C. They took a photo with her. 20. What can we know from the story? A. The old lady was kind and polite. B. The couple was glad to do a good deed. C. The manager thought they were a family. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Wondering where to go for a tour this summer vacation? Whether you are a fan of Mother Nature, our impressive history, or splendid architecture, you will find one of the following attractions appealing to you. Jiu Zhaigou National Park Location: in the north of Sichuan. Famous for: green lakes, multi-level waterfalls, colorful forests, snow peaks, Tibetan customs and blue ice, UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) Site. Best time to visit: from June to September. Huangshan Mount Location: in the south of Anhui. Famous for: unique guest-greeting pines, absurd stones, sea of clouds and amazing hot springs. Rich in: natural resources and various species, for which it has been listed as a World Heritage Site. Best time to visit: different seasons witness its various and unique beauty. Yungang Grottoes (石窟) Location: in the south Datong, Shanxi. Reasons to visit: listed among top 4 grottoes in China, one of UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is said to be the best preserved Buddhist cave art in China with 53 caves containing over 51,000 stone carvings of Buddha and Buddhist dating from the 5th and 6th centuries. Best time to visit: summer and autumn for cool weather. Suzhou Classical Gardens Location: in the downtown area of Suzhou Jiangsu. Reasons to visit: listed as a World Heritage Site in 1997, the gardens of Suzhou represent the development of Chinese landscape garden design over more than 2000 years, including three most featured gardens in Suzhou: Humble Administrator’s Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and Lingering Garden (留园). Best time to visit: all year around. 1. What is Huangshan Mount well known for? A. Unique waterfalls. B. Ancient culture and art. C. Snow-covered peaks. D. Beautiful natural scenery. 2. What do the four attractions have in common? A. Being far away from cities. B. Being rich in natural resources. C. Being UNESCO World Heritage Sites. D. Being man-made wonders. 3. Which place would you recommend to a student interested in stone statues? A. Yungang Grottoes. B. Huangshan Mount. C. Suzhou Classical Gardens. D. Jiu Zhaigou National Park. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国四个著名旅游景点的特点、位置、著名原因及最佳游览时间，为读者提供旅游参考信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Huangshan Mount部分中“Famous for: unique guest-greeting pines, absurd stones, sea of clouds and amazing hot springs. (著名之处：独特的迎客松、奇石、云海和神奇的温泉。)”可知，黄山以其美丽的自然景观而著名。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Jiu Zhaigou National Park部分中“Famous for: green lakes, multi-level waterfalls, colorful forests, snow peaks, Tibetan customs and blue ice, UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) Site. (著名之处：翠绿的湖泊、多层瀑布、多彩森林、雪山、藏族风情和蓝冰，联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。)”、文章Huangshan Mount部分中“Rich in: natural resources and various species, for which it has been listed as a World Heritage Site. (资源丰富：自然资源和多种物种丰富，因此被列入世界遗产名录。)”、文章Yungang Grottoes (石窟)部分中“Reasons to visit: listed among top 4 grottoes in China, one of UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is said to be the best preserved Buddhist cave art in China with 53 caves containing over 51,000 stone carvings of Buddha and Buddhist dating from the 5th and 6th centuries. (参观理由：位列中国四大石窟之一，联合国教科文组织世界遗产地，据说是中国保存最好的佛教洞窟艺术，有53个洞窟，内含超过51,000尊5世纪至6世纪的佛像和佛教雕刻。)”、文章Suzhou Classical Gardens部分中“Reasons to visit: listed as a World Heritage Site in 1997, the gardens of Suzhou represent the development of Chinese landscape garden design over more than 2000 years, including three most featured gardens in Suzhou: Humble Administrator’s Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and Lingering Garden (留园). (参观理由：1997年被列入世界遗产名录，苏州园林代表了中国园林设计2000多年的发展历程，包括苏州最著名的三个园林：拙政园、网师园和留园。)”可知，这四个景点都被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Yungang Grottoes (石窟)部分中“Reasons to visit: listed among top 4 grottoes in China, one of UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is said to be the best preserved Buddhist cave art in China with 53 caves containing over 51,000 stone carvings of Buddha and Buddhist dating from the 5th and 6th centuries. (参观理由：位列中国四大石窟之一，联合国教科文组织世界遗产地，据说是中国保存最好的佛教洞窟艺术，有53个洞窟，内含超过51,000尊5世纪至6世纪的佛像和佛教雕刻。)”可知，云冈石窟拥有53个洞穴，内有超过51,000尊5世纪和6世纪的佛像和佛教石刻，如果对石雕感兴趣，可以推荐云冈石窟。故选A。 B Norwegian author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable”. The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red, Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. “His literary works, spanning a variety of types, comprise about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, essays, children’s books and translations,” said Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature. Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was involved in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of loneliness and reflection. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions. “He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson. “What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings — anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death, which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes — it has appeal to this basic humanity.” Fosse is the first-ever Nobel Prize winner in Literature writing in Nynorsk (尼诺斯克语), one of the two official languages of Norwegian, but only used by just 10% of the population. Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic heritage. 4. What do we know about Jon Fosse according to this passage? A. He has written 40 works so far. B. He was originally famous as a poet. C. His works cover a diverse range of types. D. His most popular work is the play Red, Black. 5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Jon Fosse’s tough experiences. B. Jon Fosse’s achievements in writing. C. How life influenced Jon Fosse’s writing. D. What Jon Fosse’s literary works focus on. 6. What is special about Jon Fosse’s works according to Anders Olsson? A. They explore the meaning of life. B. They touch human’s deepest emotions. C. They show the bond between humans and nature. D. They appeal to readers to focus on personal feelings. 7. What is the significance of Fosse’s writing in Nynorsk? A. He has improved the international status of Norway. B. He promotes the development and protection of Nynorsk. C. He establishes Nynorsk as one official language of Norway. D. He shapes the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了凭借“创新的戏剧和散文，为不可言说之事发声”而获得2023年诺贝尔文学奖的挪威剧作家Jon Fosse，主要包括其作品类型、灵感来源、作品主题、艺术风格以及用尼诺斯克语写作带来的影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“His literary works, spanning a variety of types, comprise about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, essays, children’s books and translations (他的文学作品类型多样，包括约40部戏剧，以及大量的小说、诗集、散文、儿童读物和翻译作品)”可知，Jon Fosse的作品种类繁多。故选C项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was involved in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of loneliness and reflection. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions. (Fosse从他的乡村生活环境和个人挣扎中获得灵感，这深深影响了他独特的写作风格。Fosse在一个沿海的小村庄长大，他被大自然的美丽和大海的浩瀚所吸引，这让他充满了孤独感和反思。Fosse的作品讨论了孤独、渴望和对生命意义的探索等主题。此外，他与抑郁症的斗争使他能够探索人类情感的深处)”可知，本段主要介绍了Fosse的生活：乡村生活环境和患抑郁症的经历，如何影响他的写作。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中Anders Olsson所说的话“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your deepest feelings — anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death, which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning. (他的特别之处在于他在写作中的亲近感。它触动了你最深的感受——焦虑、不安全感、生与死的问题，这些是每个人从一开始就面临的事情)”可知，在Anders Olsson看来，Jon Fosse的作品的特别之处在于触及了人类最深层的情感。故选B项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic heritage. (Fosse在全球舞台上被认可提升了尼诺斯克语作为书面标准的可见性和重要性。它将吸引更多的人关注尼诺斯克语文学，激励和鼓励尼诺斯克语使用者继续保护和促进他们的语言遗产)”可知，Fosse用尼诺斯克语写作的意义在于他促进了这门语言的发展和保护。故选B项。 C In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing. In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically. Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi’s and Adıdas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly. Researchers said they could soon unlock a stage where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabrics that can shape-shift. Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave (编织) into sheets of fabric. These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes. But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential.” It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry (洗衣房), she said. Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward. “Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life.” she said. 8. What led to the creation of “The Right Trousers”? A. An electrical pump. B. A health issue. C. A tiny tube. D. A creative film. 9. What did scientists at MIT do last year? A. They put sensors in clothes. B. They created movable robotic fibers. C. They made batteries for robotic clothing. D. They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. 10. What does Do’s team find challenging? A. Reducing the size of robotic tubes. B. Keeping robotic tubes’ shape unchanged. C. Programming the shape of robotic tubes. D. Weaving robotic tubes into various fabrics. 11. What is Rebecca’s attitude toward the future of smart clothing? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了智能服装的研发进展及未来展望。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. (在电影《错误的裤子》中，有一条未来主义的裤子能让人们在墙壁和天花板上行走。受此启发，英国的研究人员开发出了“正确的裤子”，这种裤子内置了电动泵，可以向微小的管道中充气使其膨胀，从而帮助老年人或残疾人解决起身或改善血液循环等问题)”可知，研究人员受到了一部有创意的电影的启发，发明了“正确的裤子”。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. (去年，麻省理工学院的科学家们制造了可以嵌入衣物中的纤维电池，为智能服装供电)”可知，去年麻省理工学院为机器人服装制造电池。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. (但对于Do的团队来说，仍然存在挑战，尤其是如何使这些机器人管道变得更小，以便更容易与其他面料编织在一起)”可知，Do的团队认为减小机器人管道的尺寸具有挑战性。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life. (最近的突破指向了一个不太遥远的未来，那时智能服装将成为我们日常生活的一部分)”可推知，Rebecca对智能服装未来的发展充满希望。故选D。 D Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023, a writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free. But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. With the release of new AI applications discussions about the future of work are back in full force. A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI. But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work. In 2019, an independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores. Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store. Most importantly, Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks, which helped accommodate and employ the ‘automated’ technology, were often undervalued or even invisible. The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem. As jobs get disrupted (扰乱) and people’s livelihoods are threatened, it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason, whether you’re an expert or an employer. But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated. It’s a big thing to change, but it’s not set in stone. And that’s the real ‘robots and jobs’ conversation we need to be having. 12. Which word has the closet meaning with the underlined word “slashed” in Paragraph 1? A. Created. B. Reduced. C. Improved. D. Removed. 13. What can be inferred from Mateescu and Elish’s findings? A. Humans are still needed to deal with AI-generated problems. B. Humans cannot understand the real value of their own jobs. C. New advanced devices are being integrated in various jobs. D. Automated technology is taking away almost all jobs. 14. Why do people devalue labor? A. Cultural factors. B. Technological advances. C. Living pressure. D. Unemployment issues. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. A Wanted Conversation: Humans or Robots B. Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs C. A Promising Future: Humans and Robots D. Work Gets Deskilled by Robots 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响，人工智能并不是来夺走我们的工作的，而是改变了工作的性质。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. (但他也被要求——以比正常费率低得多的价格——‘改写’AI生成的文字。这已经不是第一次技术slashed工资而不是工作岗位了，真正的问题不在于AI，而是贬低人类劳动的文化。)”可知，他被要求以比正常费率低得多的价格——‘改写’AI生成的文字，这样就减少了他的薪水，因此slashed的意思是“减少”。A. Created创建；B. Reduced减少；C. Improved改进；D. Removed删除。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store. (例如，自动结帐机让员工很忙，因为现在他们要帮助困惑的顾客，排除机器故障，并承担其他任务，以确保他们在商店顺利运作。)”可知，Mateescu和Elish发现人类仍然需要处理人工智能产生的问题。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem. (需要理解的关键点是，目前技能下降和劳动贬低并不是因为机器人来了。这是一个文化问题。)”可知，人们贬低劳动是因为文化因素。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work. (但我们对自动化的宝贵经验表明，它比技术简单地取代人类工作要复杂得多。)”和第三段中“Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. (人们普遍认为这项技术减少了对人力的需求，但研究人员Alexandra Mateescu和Madeleine Clare Elish发现，引入新设备主要是在改变工作的性质。)”可知，文章主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响，它不是来夺走我们的工作的，而是改变工作的性质，因此最好的题目是“Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs (机器人不会抢走我们的工作)”。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hand gestures can be used to communicate while speaking. There are many universal hand signs, such as holding up an index finger (食指) to speak or interrupt, and putting a finger to the lips to ask for silence. ____16____ But there are some hand gestures that might mean something different in another country. Many differences in meaning. ____17____ It consists of creating a circle with the thumb (拇指) and index finger with other fingers extended. In most of the English-speaking cultures, it means “OK”. In Australia it means “zero” while in many Western countries it actually means “three”. Gestures with variation. A typical sign is the gesture “V”. To make the sign, you must have the index and middle finger extended up. But there is a big difference in its meaning depending on which way the palm is facing. Palm Facing Out: ____18____ Palm Facing In: The sign is an offence similar to giving the middle finger, particularly in the UK and South Africa. Politeness principle: Harmless or offensive? In the USA, the gesture of using your index finger to signal someone to come to you is not a welcome gesture in Asia. In the Philippines, this should only be used for dogs. ____19____ ____20____ Of course it helps to prepare before you visit a country. But if you forget or make a sign out of habit, just remember to apologize. And perhaps with an explanation, most people will be understanding. Above all, don’t forget to show your bright smile since it may carry us through awkward situations. A. A useful tip in case of emergencies. B. A universal sign of friendliness: Smile. C. There are so many well-known gestures. D. It is highly offensive to use it with humans. E. Originally this sign communicated “Victory.” F. These are generally understood all over the world. G. The following gesture has more than just one alternative meaning. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些手势语在不同的国家有不同的意义。 【16题详解】 上文“There are many universal hand signs, such as holding up an index finger (食指) to speak or interrupt, and putting a finger to the lips to ask for silence.(有许多通用的手势，例如举起食指说话或打断，把手指放在嘴唇上要求安静)”说明有些手势是通用的，F选项These are generally understood all over the world.(这些是全世界普遍理解的)承接上文，说明这些通用手势是全世界都能理解的，下文“But there are some hand gestures that might mean something different in another country.(但是有些手势在另一个国家可能意味着不同的东西)”转折的语义说明有些手势在不同的国家有不同意义。选项中generally和上文中universal语义一致。故选F项。 【17题详解】 本段小标题“Many differences.(许多差异)”说明本段主题是手势语的许多不同意义，G选项The following gesture has more than just one alternative meaning.(下面这个手势有不止一个意思)作为段首，与标题意义一致，说明下面这个手势就有许多不同意思，引出下文“It consists of creating a circle with the thumb (拇指) and index finger with other fingers extended.(它包括用拇指和食指创建一个圆圈，其他手指伸展)”介绍这个手势。选项中more than just one alternative meaning 和标题Many differences语义相关，选项中The following gesture和下文This gesture描述对象相同。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“To make the sign, you must have the index and middle finger extended up. But there is a big difference in its meaning depending on which way the palm is facing. Palm Facing Out:(要做这个手势，你必须把食指和中指向上伸出。但是它的意思有很大的不同，这取决于手掌面向的方向。掌心朝外)”介绍了V字标志意义不同取决于手掌方向，E选项Originally this sign communicated “Victory.”(最初这个标志传达的意思是“胜利”)承接上文，解释了手掌向外V字的含义，对应下文“Palm Facing In: The sign is an offence similar to giving the middle finger, particularly in the UK and South Africa.(掌心朝内：这个手势是一种冒犯行为，类似于竖起中指，尤其是在英国和南非)”。选项中this sign和上文中This sign 以及下文中The sign描述对象一致。故选E项。 【19题详解】 本段小标题“Harmless or offensive?(无害还是无礼呢？)”说明本段主题是手势语的意义有些地方无害，有些地方则是无礼的，上文“In the Philippines, this should only be used for dogs.(在菲律宾，这只能用来召唤狗)”说明这种手势是用来召唤狗的，D选项It is highly offensive to use it with humans.(用于人类是非常无礼的)承接上文，进一步说明这种手势不应该用于人。选项中offensive和小标题中offensive词汇重叠。故选D项。 【20题详解】 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。根据下文“And perhaps with an explanation, most people will be understanding. Above all, don’t forget to show your bright smile since it may carry us through awkward situations. (也许只要解释一下，大多数人就会理解。最重要的是，不要忘记展示你灿烂的微笑，因为它可能会让我们度过尴尬的局面)”说明微笑可能会让我们度过尴尬的局面。B选项A universal sign of friendliness: Smile.(普遍的友好标志：微笑)和该段主旨意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a Sunday afternoon and I went shopping at the supermarket as usual. I had three items in a checkout line. Ahead of me was a mother with two teenage boys. At the register was a white-haired woman who had already begun to ____21____ her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them. Then something ____22____ happened. Sometimes it’s a customer with multiple coupons (优惠券) or someone who forgot to weigh a piece of fruit, or someone searching for change. ____23____ enough. One waited. But today, it was quite different. For whatever ____24____, this woman didn’t have enough money. So she began the ____25____ of choosing which items to keep and which to ____26____ to the cashier for re-shelving. She ____27____ over each one before deciding on keeping or giving it up. We waited. Longer lines grew quickly. The process went on and on. Finally, the woman turned back to us as she left, ____28____ and apologetic. We waved off her frustration, for it could happen to anyone. We were honestly showing our ____29____. But I had no idea just how the three ahead of me felt until their _____30_____ came. The lady with the teens asked the cashier to add all the items that had been _____31_____ to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys _____32_____ through the exit with the small bag of groceries. When they returned, it was clear that their _____33_____ had been accomplished. “That was very nice!” I said. The people behind also showed _____34_____ smiles. All it took to witness this flash of _____35_____ was waiting a little longer in a checkout line. 21. A. purchase B. decline C. bag D. sort 22. A. unexpected B. urgent C. negative D. unbelievable 23. A. Amazing B. Fair C. Pleasant D. Fantastic 24. A. business B. attempt C. intention D. reason 25. A. process B. exhibition C. expansion D. recognition 26. A. hand back B. look forward C. give in D. hold on 27. A. reflected B. suspected C. begged D. paused 28. A. curious B. embarrassed C. calm D. indifferent 29. A. gratitude B. generosity C. sympathy D. anxiety 30. A. motion B. turn C. reward D. impression 31. A. left alone B. picked up C. left behind D. taken away 32. A. rushed B. inched C. struggled D. slipped 33. A. ambition B. dimension C. inspection D. mission 34. A. touching B. admiring C. encouraging D. fascinating 35. A. kindness B. tolerance C. friendship D. cooperation 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个感人的故事，作者在超市购物时，排在前面的母子三人为一位白发苍苍的老人购买了老人没钱购买的东西。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台前站着一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始装东西，手里拿着现金准备付款。A. purchase购买；B. decline下降；C. bag装；D. sort整理。根据上文“I had three items in a checkout line. Ahead of me was a mother with two teenage boys. At the register was a white-haired woman”可知，作者当时正在排队准备结账；再根据下文“was holding out cash to pay for them.”可知，这位老人准备结账，由此推断出，老人准备开始装东西，然后结账。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后意想不到的事情发生了。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. urgent紧急的；C. negative消极的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据下文“Sometimes it’s a customer with multiple coupons (优惠券) or someone who forgot to weigh a piece of fruit, or someone searching for change.”可知，作者下文列举的都是一些意想不到的事情。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就这样吧。A. Amazing令人惊叹的；B. Fair好的；C. Pleasant令人愉快的；D. Fantastic极好的。考查习惯搭配：Fair enough，意为“好吧、还行吧，就这样吧”，用于表示“内心很勉强地接受某种说法”。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知什么原因，这个女人没有足够的钱。A. business生意；B. attempt尝试；C. intention目的；D. reason原因。根据下文“this woman didn’t have enough money.”可知，老人不知出于什么原因，没有足够的钱付款。whatever reason，意为“不知什么原因”。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. process过程；B. exhibition展览；C. expansion扩展；D. recognition认出。考查原词重现，根据下文“The process went on and on.”可知，空处指的是“老人开始选择需要保留的物品这么一个过程”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. hand back交还；B. look forward期待；C. give in放弃；D. hold on坚持。根据上文可知，老人没有足够的钱付款。再根据空前“which items to keep”可知，空处指的是需要交还给收银员的物品。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每看一遍都要停下来，然后再决定是留下还是放弃。A. reflected反映；B. suspected怀疑；C. begged乞求；D. paused停顿。根据下文“We waited. Longer lines grew quickly.”可知，这个过程很慢，说明老人每个物品都要停下来看看是否保留下来。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，那位女士转身离开，带着尴尬和歉意。A. curious好奇的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. calm镇定的；D. indifferent漠不关心的。根据上文“We waited. Longer lines grew quickly.”可知，由于老人的原因，结账的队伍变得很长；再根据空后的“apologetic”可知，老人非常抱歉。由此判断，空处选择B，说明老人此时很尴尬。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是在真诚地表达我们的同情。A. gratitude感激；B. generosity慷慨；C. sympathy同情；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“We waved off her frustration, for it could happen to anyone.”可知，虽然队伍很长，但是人们对老人的遭遇还是能理解的，所以人们是表达了自己的同情。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道前面三个人的感受，直到轮到他们。A. motion移动；B. turn轮到的机会；C. reward奖励；D. impression印象。根据常理推测，老人离开后，就轮到老人后面的母子三人结账的。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：带孩子们的那位女士要求收银员尽快把留下的东西加到她的账单上。A. left alone不理；B. picked up捡起；C. left behind遗留；D. taken away带走。根据上文“So she began the ____5____ of choosing which items to keep and which to ____6____ to the cashier for re-shelving.”可知，老人由于没有足够的钱，所以只能选择留下一些东西不购买。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这两个男孩拿着一小袋杂货冲出了出口。A. rushed冲；B. inched缓慢移动；C. struggled挣扎；D. slipped滑倒。根据上文“The lady with the teens asked the cashier to add all the items that had been ____11____ to her bill as quickly as possible.”可知，这位母亲希望收银员能够尽快帮忙结账，所以这位母亲是担心老人走远。由此推断，她的儿子速度也会很快，因此孩子们是冲出了出口。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们回来时，很明显他们的任务已经完成了。A. ambition抱负；B. dimension维度；C. inspection检查；D. mission任务。根据上文可知，这位母亲是让自己的孩子把东西送给老人，对孩子而言，这就像任务一样。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后面的人也露出赞赏的微笑。A. touching动人的；B. admiring赞赏的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. fascinating迷人的。根据上文可知，这位母亲为老人付款买下了老人没钱购买的物品；再根据““That was very nice!” I said.”可知，人们对这位母亲的做法是赞赏的。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你只需要在收银台前多等一会儿，就能见证这一瞬间的善意。A. kindness善意；B. tolerance容忍；C. friendship友谊；D. cooperation合作。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是一位母亲为一位老人付款买下老人买不起的物品的故事，这表达了人与人之间的善意。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分） 注意：用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to people of achievement, Tu Youyou tops the list. With the objective of discovering a new ____36____ (treat) for malaria, Tu Youyou and her team insisted ____37____ analyzing the medical texts with patience, ____38____ (commit) themselves to the research and finally made it. While Albert Einstein, out of a strong passion ____39____ knowledge, pursued his lifelong study and ultimately made great achievements in physics. 【答案】36. treatment 37. on 38. committing 39. for 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了屠呦呦和爱因斯坦的成就。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了找到治疗疟疾的新方法，屠呦呦和她的团队坚持耐心地分析医学文献，全身心地投入到研究中，最终成功了。空处作宾语，由“a new”可知应用名词单数treatment“治疗，疗法”，故填treatment。 【37题详解】 考查介词句意：同上。insist on doing sth“坚持做某事”，故填on。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空处已有谓语动词insisted，此处使用非谓语形式，commit和逻辑主语Tu Youyou and her team之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填committing。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：而爱因斯坦，出于对知识的强烈热情，终身追求，最终在物理学上取得了巨大的成就。passion for“对……的热爱”，故填for。 B 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Advances in technology have been emerging rapidly. Nevertheless, people always hold different views towards it. Some argue that so far technology ____40____ (benefit) us a lot and they can’t imagine what life would be like in the ____41____ (absent) of technology. For now, appliances (家电) can be controlled ____42____ (remote) and even be under automatic control one day. Despite that, there’s still someone fighting new technology. 【答案】40. has benefited 41. absence 42. remotely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章简要介绍了人们对科技进步有不同观点，有人认为这令我们受益匪浅，但也有人持反对想法。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一些人认为，到目前为止，技术已经使我们受益匪浅，他们无法想象没有技术的生活会是什么样子。空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语“so far”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语technology为单数，助动词用has。故填has benefited。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：一些人认为，到目前为止，技术已经使我们受益匪浅，他们无法想象没有技术的生活会是什么样子。空处作in的宾语，应用absent的名词形式absence，意为“不存在，缺乏”，不可数，固定短语in the absence of意为“缺乏，不存在”。故填absence。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，家用电器可以远程控制，甚至有一天可以自动控制。空处修饰动词controlled，应用remote的副词形式remotely，意为“远程地”，作状语。故填remotely。 C 阅读下面一段文字，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language varies from culture to culture. That is, what is favored in one culture may be ____43____ (ban) in another. In some countries like China, shaking hands ____44____ (employ) to show friendliness when people meet someone else. Moreover, we often make the gesture “OK” to show agreement. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, ____45____ is considered impolite. 【答案】43. banned 44. is employed 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中身体语言的差异及其含义。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：也就是说，在一种文化中受到欢迎的行为可能在另一种文化中是被禁止的。主语what is favored in one culture与动词ban“禁止”为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与前面的may be构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填banned。 【44题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：在中国等一些国家，人们见面时会握手以示友好。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且主语shaking hands与employ“使用，应用”为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词为单数形式，be动词用is。故填is employed。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，你应该避免在巴西和德国做这个手势，这在那些国家被认为是不礼貌的。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 根据所提供的汉语或英文首字母提示，在每个空白处填入一个恰当的单词，使语法正确、句义完整。将答案（含首字母）填写在答题卡的相应位置。 46. The team’s strategy was well-conducted, leading to a decisive d______ (击败) of their opponents. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】defeat##efeat 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该队的战略执行得很好，从而决定性地击败了对手。根据中英文提示可知，defeat“击败”，名词，在句中作介词to的宾语，不定冠词a 提示用单数，故填defeat。 47. The new software is designed to be more ______ (高效的) in processing large data sets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】efficient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：新软件的设计是为了更高效地处理大型数据集。根据汉语提示可知，efficient“效率高的”，形容词，作表语，故填efficient。 48. In the countryside, the stars become ______ (可见的) at night when the sky is clear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】visible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在农村，当天空晴朗的时候，星星会变得清晰可见。根据汉语提示可知，visible“可见的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填visible。 49. She was the only w______ to the accident and provided a detailed account to the police. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】witness##itness 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是事故的唯一目击者，向警方提供了详细的情况。根据句意及首字母提示可知，witness“目击者，见证人”，可数名词，由the only可知此处使用名词单数，作表语，故填witness。 50. The negotiations, a______ (显然), have reached a point of no progress. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】apparently##pparently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：谈判显然已经到了毫无进展的地步。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应填副词形式，结合中英文提示可知，apparently“显然”，副词，故填apparently。 51. She has the ______ (潜力) to become a leading figure in her field. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】potential 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她有潜力成为她所在领域的领军人物。根据汉语提示可知，potential“潜力”，名词，作宾语，故填potential。 52. The visa application was ______ (批准) after a thorough background check. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】approved 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：经过彻底的背景调查，签证申请被批准。空处应用动词approve“批准”，与主语The visa application为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填approved。 53. The calm atmosphere of the cafe ______ (吸引) to people looking for a quiet place to relax every day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】appeals 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：咖啡馆平静的氛围每天都吸引着寻找安静休息场所的人们。本空用动词appeal“吸引”，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语The calm atmosphere of the cafe为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单形式appeals。故填appeals。 54. It is essential to have a______ (精确的) data to make scientific conclusions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accurate##ccurate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：要得出科学结论，拥有精确的数据是至关重要的。空处需填形容词accurate“精确的”，作前置定语，修饰名词data。故填accurate。 55. It can be difficult to d______ between the different species of birds in this area. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】distinguish##istinguish 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在这个地区很难区分不同种类的鸟。结合句意和提示的首字母可知，此处用动词distinguish意为“区分， 辨别出”，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故填distinguish。 第二节 读后续写（共1篇；满分25分） 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When my little brother Tom was four, Mom said something like “I’d give anything to have a few more hours in the day.” And Tom said, “Why don’t we buy a bigger clock?” If time worked that way, I could have used an extra-big clock last week! Our teacher had asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat, “I can’t believe we only have two nights to finish it,” Noah said with a sigh. “I have no idea how I’ll get mine done.” I didn’t say anything. Not because I was nervous—I wasn’t nervous at all. 1 love art projects! In fact, I was so relaxed that I didn’t work on the project at all on Monday night. I planned to start the minute I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday. But there was just one thing. I forgot baseball would run later than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies, which happens every month, and it’s a chance for us older students to practise baseball with the adorable younger kids. The second I got home, I threw the entire craft box (手工盒) onto the kitchen table, took out my “How Plants Eat” paper, and started to work. But just then, the telephone rang. It was my friend Ollie, who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted to know if I’d come help decorate them. I love decorating cookies, and I love, love, love Abucla’s world-famous Thanksgiving cookies that only happen once a year! I had no choice. I had to go. Ollie and I put all the star cookies with red jam filling in one group, and all the snowflakes with white cream-cheese filling in another. It was 7 o'clock when I finally got home.1 planned to work on my project right after we ate. But then another interruption hit me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna, it’s your turn to do the dishes.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking at the big “F” on my paper, I started to reflect on what I had done these days. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna, it’s your turn to do the dishes.” What Dad said was a hammer blow to me, leaving me into deeper anxiety. However, that was one of our family rules, so I had to do the dishes reluctantly. The clinking of dishes were disquieting sounds from hell to me, reminding me that the clock was ticking second by second. After I threw the last dish into the cabinet, I rushed into my bedroom, only to find that the hour hand had moved past ten. Without much time left, I finished the assignment in a hurry. The next day, I handed in it nervously. Looking at the big “F” on my paper, I started to reflect on what I had done these days. My life seemed in a mess these days, arising from my loose attitude and chaotic schedule. My energy was segmented and occupied by some trivial matters which had nothing to do with my project. Out of guilt, I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again. After this experience, I eventually comprehended the importance of time, and began to arrange for my schedule with caution. With confidence, I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了合理安排时间的重要性。老师给作者所在的班级布置了一项任务，作者只有两个晚上的时间来完成它，但她认为自己可以很快完成这项任务，所以第一天晚上根本没有做这个任务。她本打算第二天晚上完成，但却又因为去参加棒球训练和去朋友家装饰饼干耽误了时间。当作者返回家中，正打算完成这项任务时，又被打断了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在我要开始的时候，爸爸说：“乔安娜，轮到你洗碗了。””可知，第一段可描写作者因为洗碗又耽误了时间及作者的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“看着我纸张上的大大的“F”，我开始反思我这些天所做的事情。”可知，第二段可描写作者对自己浪费时间的行为的反思及反思后的行动。 2.续写线索：开始洗碗——感到焦虑——洗碗结束——完成作业——反思过去——明白时间的重要性——向老师道歉——重拾信心 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.不得不，除了……别无选择：have to/have no choice but to do ②.冲入：rush into/dash to ③.理解：comprehend/understand 情绪类 ①.令人不安的：disquieting/disturbing ②.焦虑地：nervously/anxiously 【点睛】[高分句型1]. What Dad said was a hammer blow to me, leaving me into deeper anxiety.（由What引导的主语从句） [高分句型2]. After I threw the last dish into the cabinet, I rushed into my bedroom, only to find that the hour hand had moved past ten. （由After引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$