【春考特训课】第14讲：重点题型之阅读理解记叙文---【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（江苏专用）

第14讲 重点题型之阅读理解记叙文 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。 有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意： 【要点梳理】 考点一：语篇特点 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点： 选材 新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。 内容 记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。 形式 顺叙、倒叙、插叙。 语言 一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 命题 主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。 考点二：主要设题类型及特点 从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。 近五年高考英语阅读记叙文主要考查类型 高考英语记叙文设题主要集中在细节理解题和推理判断题，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。具体答题策略如下： （2）核心名词法： 核心名词在文章中高频出现。 可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 策略指导 技法解读 弄清六要素 何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。 弄清写作目的 证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提供娱乐。 关注开头和结尾 把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的升华所在。 关注情感主线 分析事情的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的情感主线。 考点三：解题策略 一、速读材料，把握整体 ●快速通读全文：首先，快速浏览全文，了解文章的主要内容，包括时间、地点、人物、事件等基本要素，以及文章的主旨大意。 ●梳理文章结构：注意文章的段落划分和层次结构，理解各部分之间的关系，有助于更好地把握文章的整体脉络。 二、认真审题，明确问题 ●细心研读题目：在解答问题之前，要仔细研读题目，明确题目的要求，包括问题的类型（如概括、分析、理解等）和范围（如全文、某段落等）。 ●抓住关键词语：注意题目中的关键词语，如“简要”、“概括”、“主要”、“分别”等，这些词语往往提示了答题的方向和重点。 三、带着问题精读 ●回读文章：根据题目的要求，重新回读文章，特别注意与问题相关的段落和句子。 ●把握关键信息：在精读过程中，要注意把握文章中的关键信息，如中心句、过渡句、总结句等，这些信息往往对解答问题有重要作用。 四、答题技巧 概括类问题： ●对于概括类问题，要抓住文章的主旨大意或段落的主要内容，用简洁明了的语言进行概括。 ●注意区分文章中的具体细节和整体概括，避免将具体细节作为概括内容。 分析类问题： ●对于分析类问题，要结合文章的具体内容进行分析，注意分析的角度和深度。 ●可以从人物性格、事件原因、结果影响等方面入手，结合文章中的描写和议论进行分析。 理解类问题： ●对于理解类问题，要深入理解文章的主旨大意和作者的情感态度。 ●注意把握文章中的关键词语和句子，理解其深层含义和言外之意。 表达类问题： ●对于表达类问题，如赏析句子或段落等，要注意结合文章的语境和表达方式进行分析。 ●可以从修辞手法、语言特点等方面入手，分析句子的表达效果和作者的情感态度。 五、检查复读材料 ●检查答案：在解答完所有问题后，要仔细检查答案是否切题、内容是否完整、语句是否通顺等。 ●复读材料：如果时间允许，可以再次快速浏览文章和答案，确保没有遗漏或误解的地方。 六、答题注意事项 ●紧扣文本：在答题过程中，要始终紧扣文本内容，避免将个人观点或外部知识带入解题过程。 ●联系上下文：在理解文章中的某个词语或句子时，要注意联系上下文进行理解，避免断章取义。 ●有序组织语言：在答题时，要根据分值的多少和横线的长短有序地组织语言，规范答题。 考点四：考法归纳 No.1 顺藤摸瓜 记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。 No.2 左顾右盼 在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。 No.3 刨根问底 如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred from …?＂或是What does the author imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。 No.4 拨云见日 每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。 总体解题步骤 1.分析题干（找出所有问题并预览全文）； 2.通读全文同时解出细节题（不可跳过文章中任何一处信息）； 3.把握中心，解剩余题。 解题注意事项 1.必须通读全文，不可遗漏任何信息，每一段落相互关联； 2.文章结尾处通常是中心主旨所在处，必须精读； 3.注意文章中的各种人物关系（主要人物关系/次要人物关系）。 · 【阅读理解记叙文思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 2024·湖南怀化·一模 Due to the fact that the average life expectancy in Ghana is 64 years old, and the most common causes of death are largely treatable conditions, such as malaria, stroke, and respiratory infections. Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana. Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021. A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another. Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4, 000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care. To supplement the mobile clinic, Boateng’s organization has also trained 20 volunteers to serve as local health advocates. They check people’s vitals and provide the medical team with timely data for assessing how to move forward with care and treatment, especially for those whose health is at risk. In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said. 9．What inspired Boateng to set his life goal? A．He wanted to get a scholarship. B．Many locals died of deadly diseases. C．The birthplace of him was small and poor. D．Basic health care was inaccessible for locals. 10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How Boateng’s team functions. B．Why Boateng’s team was founded. C．What Boateng’s team has achieved. D．Where Boateng’s team has travelled. 11．What is Boateng’s attitude to his team in the future? A．Ambiguous. B．Ambitious. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．A van bringing medical care to thousands B．A country lacking basic health care C．Efforts to provide people with medications D．Mobile vans travelling through Ghana · 2024·安徽合肥·三模 At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out. We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain. Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a room full of smiles, you know what I mean. That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,” said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan. When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my program were supposed to focus entirely on research. I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting with them weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure. 13．What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words? A．He took his advice. B．He felt discouraged. C．He paid no attention. D．He consulted another expert. 14．What have neuroscientists found out? A．Rejection really hurts. B．Rejection is important to survival. C．People tend to overreact to rejection. D．Physical pain grows because of rejection. 15．What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection? A．Find out the reasons behind it. B．Forgive those who reject us. C．Turn to our stronger identity. D．Learn a lesson from past failures. 16．What happened to the author at last? A．He left graduate school. B．He turned into a middle school teacher. C．He worked on practicing his physical pliability. D．He accomplished some research work successfully. 课后反馈 演练 2024·浙江嘉兴·二模 I have always been proud of my handwriting, a skill I was taught in grade school. The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method, drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot. We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework, as they lack the beauty. Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive (草书). They type everything, mostly on their phones. Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past. This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists. But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive. To my complete disbelief, not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards. They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent, but they said they honestly couldn't read a thing I had written. One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing. Initially, I was angry. I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy. But then I showed an English friend a postcard I'd just written, and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U. S. A.” The rest of it, he politely suggested, looked like “chicken scrawl”. Looking at the postcard dispassionately, I unwillingly admit that he has a point. All the m’s and n’s run together, and the l’s look like l’s. The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s. So, from now on, I'm taking their advice and using block letters to communicate. In fact, I just now sent an old friend a postcard. But this time, I simply wrote — in big block letters: DEAR ALICE: HI. JOE. I hope she gets the message. 17．What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method? A．It is characterized by big flowing lines. B．It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists. C．It was not allowed in students'homework. D．It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles. 18．What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive? A．The popularity of block letters in recent times. B．The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive. C．His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards. D．His English friend's suggestion on postcard design. 19．Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication? A．To deliver his message clearly. B．To improve his handwriting skills. C．To win praise from his friends. D．To show his passion for calligraphy. 20．What is the text mainly about? A．The wide use of cursive. B．The sad decline of cursive. C．The value of preserving cursive. D．The technique of writing in cursive. 2024·浙江绍兴·三模 Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China. “In 2008, tired of my studio work in the U.S, I came to China, thinking I would be here one or two years, but it has turned out to be 16 years!” he said. He hopes his photographs will inspire others to embark on adventures as well. Sandoval is a professional photographer and learned commercial photography at what was then the Brooks Institute of Photography. With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. In the beginning, he did editorial work for magazines both in and outside Sichuan, such as Vogue. Then he worked with the Sichuan tourism department to produce travel brochures, and also on ad campaigns for destinations for corporate companies. To him, Chengdu is the capital of a laid-back lifestyle. He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. Almost a “walking encyclopedia” of Chengdu, Sandoval covered every corner of Chengdu and recorded Chengduese and their lives with his camera, listening to the sound of mahjong tiles being shuffled and music from traditional stringed instruments. He also goes from place to place with his heavy travel kit. The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. He thinks he has done a lot in “this beautiful and vast country” with his “travel photos”. “I try to show people the beauty of where I go. I try to inspire them to travel and go to places. I’m hoping to do more international work,” he said. 29．Why did Sandoval come to China? A．He was not good at studio work. B．He wanted to step out of the comfort zone. C．He had a preference for international work. D．He was attracted by the picturesque nature of China. 30．What does the underlined word “laid-back” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Leisurely. B．Simple. C．Luxurious. D．Healthy. 31．Sandoval’s experiences around China are mentioned in Paragraph 5 to show _______. A．Sandoval’s diverse hobbies B．Sandoval’s desire for new careers C．Sandoval’s superb photo technique D．Sandoval’s fascination for Chinese culture 32．What is the writing purpose of this passage? A．To call on readers to take up photography. B．To praise Sandoval for spreading Chinese culture. C．To facilitate the development of tourism in Chengdu. D．To introduce the experience of a professional photographer. 【2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文】 “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 1．What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude. 2．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian. C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 4．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance. C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection. 【2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文】 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 5．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 6．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 7．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 8．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. 【2024年浙江卷1月高考真题B篇记叙文】 When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The play. B．The shared house. C．The sofa. D．The telephone box. 10．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice. C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition. 11．What do we know about the “mini community library”? A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection. C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month. 12．Why did the author start to use the “library”? A．He wanted to borrow some love stories. B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C．He found there were excellent free books. D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第14讲 重点题型之阅读理解记叙文 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。 有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意： （1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局； （2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义； （3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。 【要点梳理】 考点一：语篇特点 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点： 选材 新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。 内容 记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。 形式 顺叙、倒叙、插叙。 语言 一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 命题 主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。 考点二：主要设题类型及特点 从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。 近五年高考英语阅读记叙文主要考查类型 1.故事叙述 2.成功经历 3.态度转变 4.人性关怀 5.职业生涯6.人物影响 7.情感抒发 8.教育理念 高考英语记叙文设题主要集中在细节理解题和推理判断题，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。具体答题策略如下： （1）首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后 （2）核心名词法： 核心名词在文章中高频出现。 可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 （3）合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息 （4）首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息 策略指导 技法解读 弄清六要素 何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。 弄清写作目的 证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提供娱乐。 关注开头和结尾 把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的升华所在。 关注情感主线 分析事情的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的情感主线。 考点三：解题策略 一、速读材料，把握整体 ●快速通读全文：首先，快速浏览全文，了解文章的主要内容，包括时间、地点、人物、事件等基本要素，以及文章的主旨大意。 ●梳理文章结构：注意文章的段落划分和层次结构，理解各部分之间的关系，有助于更好地把握文章的整体脉络。 二、认真审题，明确问题 ●细心研读题目：在解答问题之前，要仔细研读题目，明确题目的要求，包括问题的类型（如概括、分析、理解等）和范围（如全文、某段落等）。 ●抓住关键词语：注意题目中的关键词语，如“简要”、“概括”、“主要”、“分别”等，这些词语往往提示了答题的方向和重点。 三、带着问题精读 ●回读文章：根据题目的要求，重新回读文章，特别注意与问题相关的段落和句子。 ●把握关键信息：在精读过程中，要注意把握文章中的关键信息，如中心句、过渡句、总结句等，这些信息往往对解答问题有重要作用。 四、答题技巧 概括类问题： ●对于概括类问题，要抓住文章的主旨大意或段落的主要内容，用简洁明了的语言进行概括。 ●注意区分文章中的具体细节和整体概括，避免将具体细节作为概括内容。 分析类问题： ●对于分析类问题，要结合文章的具体内容进行分析，注意分析的角度和深度。 ●可以从人物性格、事件原因、结果影响等方面入手，结合文章中的描写和议论进行分析。 理解类问题： ●对于理解类问题，要深入理解文章的主旨大意和作者的情感态度。 ●注意把握文章中的关键词语和句子，理解其深层含义和言外之意。 表达类问题： ●对于表达类问题，如赏析句子或段落等，要注意结合文章的语境和表达方式进行分析。 ●可以从修辞手法、语言特点等方面入手，分析句子的表达效果和作者的情感态度。 五、检查复读材料 ●检查答案：在解答完所有问题后，要仔细检查答案是否切题、内容是否完整、语句是否通顺等。 ●复读材料：如果时间允许，可以再次快速浏览文章和答案，确保没有遗漏或误解的地方。 六、答题注意事项 ●紧扣文本：在答题过程中，要始终紧扣文本内容，避免将个人观点或外部知识带入解题过程。 ●联系上下文：在理解文章中的某个词语或句子时，要注意联系上下文进行理解，避免断章取义。 ●有序组织语言：在答题时，要根据分值的多少和横线的长短有序地组织语言，规范答题。 考点四：考法归纳 No.1 顺藤摸瓜 记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。 No.2 左顾右盼 在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。 No.3 刨根问底 如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred from …?＂或是What does the author imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。 No.4 拨云见日 每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。 总体解题步骤 1.分析题干（找出所有问题并预览全文）； 2.通读全文同时解出细节题（不可跳过文章中任何一处信息）； 3.把握中心，解剩余题。 解题注意事项 1.必须通读全文，不可遗漏任何信息，每一段落相互关联； 2.文章结尾处通常是中心主旨所在处，必须精读； 3.注意文章中的各种人物关系（主要人物关系/次要人物关系）。 · 【阅读理解记叙文思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 2024·湖南怀化·一模 Due to the fact that the average life expectancy in Ghana is 64 years old, and the most common causes of death are largely treatable conditions, such as malaria, stroke, and respiratory infections. Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana. Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021. A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another. Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4, 000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care. To supplement the mobile clinic, Boateng’s organization has also trained 20 volunteers to serve as local health advocates. They check people’s vitals and provide the medical team with timely data for assessing how to move forward with care and treatment, especially for those whose health is at risk. In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said. 9．What inspired Boateng to set his life goal? A．He wanted to get a scholarship. B．Many locals died of deadly diseases. C．The birthplace of him was small and poor. D．Basic health care was inaccessible for locals. 10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How Boateng’s team functions. B．Why Boateng’s team was founded. C．What Boateng’s team has achieved. D．Where Boateng’s team has travelled. 11．What is Boateng’s attitude to his team in the future? A．Ambiguous. B．Ambitious. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．A van bringing medical care to thousands B．A country lacking basic health care C．Efforts to provide people with medications D．Mobile vans travelling through Ghana 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Boateng的个人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加纳偏远地区的基本医疗保健服务，并期望将这种模式复制到其他国家。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.( Boateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，他感到迫切需要帮助，并决定把为加纳偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，因此感到迫切需要帮助，所以Boateng决定把为加纳偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段内容“A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.(流动诊所和医疗队每周几次长途跋涉前往加纳的偏远社区，提供免费的常规医疗服务。每次旅行，Boateng的团队都由一名护士、一名医师助理、一名医生和一名手术助理组成。在这辆面包车里，他们可以进行血液检查和尿液分析等基本实验室，也可以开处方和提供药物。Boateng说：“这对人们来说就像一站式商店。”他补充说，他们看到的大多数人都有这样或那样的健康问题。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的Boateng团队的运作方式，如行医频率、团队组成和工作细则等。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.(未来，Boateng希望扩大规模，不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。“我相信我们的模式可以在撒哈拉以南非洲复制，”他说。)”可知，Boateng希望未来不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。由此可知，Boateng表达了他对自己团队的期望和愿景，他提到“我们有一个更大的愿景——将这种模式复制到非洲其他国家”。这表明他对团队的未来持有雄心勃勃的态度，希望他们能够在更广泛的范围内取得成功和产生影响。故选B。 12．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021.( Boateng在学校努力学习，获得了美国康奈尔大学生物学专业的奖学金，并最终获得了医疗管理硕士学位。后来，他创办了自己的非营利组织OKB希望基金会，并将一辆面包车改装成移动医生办公室，名为“Hope Health Van”，于2021年直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务。)”以及全文内容可知，文本主要讲述了Boateng通过他的非营利组织以及Hope Health Van来改善加纳偏远社区的医疗保健服务的努力。这辆车直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务，为加纳多个农村社区的超过4000人提供服务。因此，选项A“A van bringing medical care to thousands (一辆为数千人带来医疗服务的车)”准确地概括了文本的主要内容和重点。故选A。 · 2024·安徽合肥·三模 At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out. We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain. Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a room full of smiles, you know what I mean. That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,” said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan. When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my program were supposed to focus entirely on research. I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting with them weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure. 13．What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words? A．He took his advice. B．He felt discouraged. C．He paid no attention. D．He consulted another expert. 14．What have neuroscientists found out? A．Rejection really hurts. B．Rejection is important to survival. C．People tend to overreact to rejection. D．Physical pain grows because of rejection. 15．What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection? A．Find out the reasons behind it. B．Forgive those who reject us. C．Turn to our stronger identity. D．Learn a lesson from past failures. 16．What happened to the author at last? A．He left graduate school. B．He turned into a middle school teacher. C．He worked on practicing his physical pliability. D．He accomplished some research work successfully. 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议，主要讨论的是个人在面对学术和职业上的拒绝时如何调整心态和寻找新的机会。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out.(然而，当我的前三篇论文被主要期刊拒绝时，一位权威专家告诉我，我的项目没有希望了，我想知道我是否应该退学。)”可知，作者对权威专家的话的反应是感到灰心丧气。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain.(神经科学家扫描了被残忍地排除在网络游戏之外的人的大脑。生理反应看起来与处理生理疼痛非常相似。)”可知，神经学家发现了拒绝真的让人感到疼痛。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength.  My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place.  I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher.(在我的学术生涯早期，当我的作品被拒绝时，柔韧性成了我力量的源泉。我作为一名研究员的身份受到了威胁，但这并不是吸引我进入研究生院的首要原因。我有另一个更强烈的身份：我想成为一名教师。)”可知，面对拒绝，作者建议我们转向我们更强大的身份。故选C。 16．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure.(与学生们的对话促成了我最初的两篇主要论文，这使我在获得终身教职方面有了一个良好的开端。)”可知，作者最后成功地完成了一些研究工作。故选D。 课后反馈 演练 2024·浙江嘉兴·二模 I have always been proud of my handwriting, a skill I was taught in grade school. The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method, drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot. We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework, as they lack the beauty. Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive (草书). They type everything, mostly on their phones. Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past. This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists. But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive. To my complete disbelief, not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards. They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent, but they said they honestly couldn't read a thing I had written. One friend went so far as to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing. Initially, I was angry. I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just handwriting but calligraphy. But then I showed an English friend a postcard I'd just written, and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U. S. A.” The rest of it, he politely suggested, looked like “chicken scrawl”. Looking at the postcard dispassionately, I unwillingly admit that he has a point. All the m’s and n’s run together, and the l’s look like l’s. The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s. So, from now on, I'm taking their advice and using block letters to communicate. In fact, I just now sent an old friend a postcard. But this time, I simply wrote — in big block letters: DEAR ALICE: HI. JOE. I hope she gets the message. 17．What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method? A．It is characterized by big flowing lines. B．It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists. C．It was not allowed in students'homework. D．It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles. 18．What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive? A．The popularity of block letters in recent times. B．The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive. C．His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards. D．His English friend's suggestion on postcard design. 19．Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication? A．To deliver his message clearly. B．To improve his handwriting skills. C．To win praise from his friends. D．To show his passion for calligraphy. 20．What is the text mainly about? A．The wide use of cursive. B．The sad decline of cursive. C．The value of preserving cursive. D．The technique of writing in cursive. 【答案】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小学时对自己的草书书法感到自豪，到意识到现代趋势使草书变得不那么实用和容易理解的历程。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美丽，但看不懂他们手写的明信片，所以为了清晰起见，他决定改用印刷体。这一转变象征着一个更广泛的社会转变，从手写交流向打字交流转变，显示了传统美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method, drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.”（老师正在教我们帕尔默书法法，在我们写g和s以及美丽的f时，向我们灌输形成大而流畅的线条的重要性，在我的脑海中，f就像童话故事中的公主戴着华丽的帽子，同时伸出右脚）可知，帕尔默书法它的特点是线条大而流畅。故选A项。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.  To my complete disbelief, not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards. They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent, but they said they honestly couldn't read a thing I had written.”（但最近发生的一件事动摇了我对草书的信心。让我完全难以置信的是，我的两个好朋友竟然抱怨我明信片上的字迹。他们很感激我定期寄给他们的漂亮明信片，但他们说他们真的看不懂我写的东西）可知，作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念。故选C项。 19．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Looking at the postcard dispassionately, I unwillingly admit that he has a point. All the m’s and n’s run together, and the l’s look like l’s. The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s. So, from now on, I'm taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.”（冷静地看着明信片，我不情愿地承认他说得有道理。所有的m和n连在一起，l看起来像l。a和q是无法区分的。所以，从现在开始，我接受他们的建议，用大写字母交流）可知，作者改用大写字母来交流是为了清楚地传达他的信息。故选A项。 20．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive. They type everything, mostly on their phones. Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past. This has become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.”（现在很明显，年轻人不再学草书了。他们用手机打字。漂亮的书法是过去的事了。这已经成为传统主义者巨大悲伤的来源）可知，文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落。故选B项。 2024·浙江绍兴·三模 Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China. “In 2008, tired of my studio work in the U.S, I came to China, thinking I would be here one or two years, but it has turned out to be 16 years!” he said. He hopes his photographs will inspire others to embark on adventures as well. Sandoval is a professional photographer and learned commercial photography at what was then the Brooks Institute of Photography. With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. In the beginning, he did editorial work for magazines both in and outside Sichuan, such as Vogue. Then he worked with the Sichuan tourism department to produce travel brochures, and also on ad campaigns for destinations for corporate companies. To him, Chengdu is the capital of a laid-back lifestyle. He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. Almost a “walking encyclopedia” of Chengdu, Sandoval covered every corner of Chengdu and recorded Chengduese and their lives with his camera, listening to the sound of mahjong tiles being shuffled and music from traditional stringed instruments. He also goes from place to place with his heavy travel kit. The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. He thinks he has done a lot in “this beautiful and vast country” with his “travel photos”. “I try to show people the beauty of where I go. I try to inspire them to travel and go to places. I’m hoping to do more international work,” he said. 29．Why did Sandoval come to China? A．He was not good at studio work. B．He wanted to step out of the comfort zone. C．He had a preference for international work. D．He was attracted by the picturesque nature of China. 30．What does the underlined word “laid-back” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Leisurely. B．Simple. C．Luxurious. D．Healthy. 31．Sandoval’s experiences around China are mentioned in Paragraph 5 to show _______. A．Sandoval’s diverse hobbies B．Sandoval’s desire for new careers C．Sandoval’s superb photo technique D．Sandoval’s fascination for Chinese culture 32．What is the writing purpose of this passage? A．To call on readers to take up photography. B．To praise Sandoval for spreading Chinese culture. C．To facilitate the development of tourism in Chengdu. D．To introduce the experience of a professional photographer. 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事，他来自洛杉矶，曾在全球50多个国家旅行和拍摄，后来为了寻求新的生活体验来到中国，原本计划只待一两年，却意外地在中国生活了16年，通过照片展示了中国的美丽，还记录下了成都人和他们的生活。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. (2008年10月，怀揣着尝试一些不同的东西的希望，他去了中国西南部的成都生活，从那时起，他就在全国各地旅行)”可知，Sandoval到中国来是因为他想走出自己的舒适区，尝试一些不同的东西。故选B项。 30．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. (他很高兴看到居民们穿着时髦或舒适，在街上“像蜗牛一样慢”地散步)”可知，成都的居民们非常自如地在街上慢慢地散步。由此可知，当地的生活方式是悠闲的，画线词意思应该是“悠闲的，闲散的”，与Leisurely意思相近。故选A项。 31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. (多样的文化和广袤美丽的土地使他在中国停留的时间比他最初计划的要长得多。他记得各种各样的冒险经历，比如在银川市探索当地的葡萄园和当地的葡萄酒，在水洞沟骑马表演中观看蒙古民族的骑马表演，然后参观南方海南自由贸易港的完全不同的体验)”可推知，这里提到了Sandoval在中国的经历，以显示他对中国文化的迷恋。故选D项。 32．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China. (Sandoval来自洛杉矶，曾在七大洲的50多个国家旅行和拍摄，现在住在中国)”可知，文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事。他来自洛杉矶，曾在全球50多个国家旅行和拍摄，后来为了寻求新的生活体验来到中国，原本计划只待一两年，却意外地在中国生活了16年，通过照片展示了中国的美丽，还记录下了成都人和他们的生活。因此，文章的目的应该是介绍一位专业摄影师的经历。故选D项。 【2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文】 “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 1．What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude. 2．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian. C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 4．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance. C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection. 【答案】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 【2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文】 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 5．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 6．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 7．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 8．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. 【答案】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 8．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 【2024年浙江卷1月高考真题B篇记叙文】 When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The play. B．The shared house. C．The sofa. D．The telephone box. 10．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice. C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition. 11．What do we know about the “mini community library”? A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection. C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month. 12．Why did the author start to use the “library”? A．He wanted to borrow some love stories. B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C．He found there were excellent free books. D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 【答案】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。 9．词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$