Unit1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” Lead in Tu Youyou Artemisinin malaria Let’ s watch John Snow Defeated “King Cholera” Who? How? Where? What? Why? When? Prediction Let’s get more details Read the text quickly; match the main ideas. Para1: Para2: Para3: Para4: Para5: John Snow decided to prove the second theory. John Snow desired to destroy cholera. John Snow’s contributions. John Snow began his study by marking on the map. Truth of the infection of cholera. Fast-reading Read for the structure Read the passage quickly and choose the correct key words for each part. Paragraphs Main idea 1 2-3 4 5 What? Who? How? The truth significance and contributions What? Who? Where? When? What consequence? find a problem What caused Cholera? Careful-reading Careful-reading Two theories? ask a question Which theory is right? So he needed to think of a method to prove his opinion. Careful-reading A map of Broad Street-“Cholera Map” What method did Snow use? 1. Which houses had more than 4 deaths and which had no death in Broad Street? 2.What did Snow conclude? Multiple deaths happened here. No death happened here. He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame. analyze the results think of a method collect data Careful-reading Finding Evidence Place: Who: Event: In another part of London A woman and her daughter died of cholera because of drinking the water delivered from the pump The pump water carried cholera germs remove the handle of the pump The disease was stopped Draw a conclusion Careful-reading draw a conclusion think of a method collect data ask a question find a problem analyze the results Find supporting evidence 7 stages in right order Careful-reading Read Para 2 and 3 again to complete the chart. It was believed that cholera was caused by _______ or germs in __________. The pump water carried ___________. Many deaths occurred near the ______________ in Broad Street. Some people who lived near the pump worked in the pub and _________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived. A woman and her daughter had died after ______________________________, because she had the water ____________________ every day. Snow had the handle of the pump _________. A B C D E air food or water water pump had not moving away from Broad Street delivered to her house cholera germs removed Snow began by _________________ the places where people _____________. marking on the map died had lived Supporting evidence Careful-reading Read Para 2 and 3 again to complete the chart. It was believed that cholera was caused by _______ or germs in __________. The pump water carried ___________. Many deaths occurred near the ______________ in Broad Street. Some people who lived near the pump worked in the pub and _________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived. A woman and her daughter had died after ______________________________, because she had the water ____________________ every day. Snow had the handle of the pump _________. A B C D E bad air food or water water pump had not moving away from Broad Street delivered to her house cholera germs removed Snow began by _________________ the places where people _____________. marking on the map died had lived theories Supporting evidence evidence process solution conclusion Careful-reading According to the Para4 and Para5 to fill in the blanks below. Snow’s contribution: Fortunately, we now know how to cholera, the work of John Snow. , in his use of maps and statistics, Snow the way scientists study diseases. Snow’s achievement: Snow is considered . prevent thanks to Moreover transformed the father of modern epidemiology Careful-reading John Snow was a well-known ________ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to help people __________ it. In 1854 when a choler ____ London, he began to gather information. He _______ on a map ______ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had _______ (drink) the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water _______ cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all water supplies should be _______ and new methods of dealing with _______ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was _______. Fill in the blanks based on the text. doctor 19th cause hit marked pump source examined polluted defeated infected with where drunk carried Post-reading 课文语言点 John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” 重点 Para.1 重点单词和短语 1. outbreak n．爆发；突然发生 break out（战争、疾病）爆发 2. hit-hit-hit vt.攻击；进攻；袭击 3. rise v．变得更加成功(或重要、强大等) 4. frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 n．frustration 又失望又沮丧，他拖着沉重的步伐回家了。 5. in time 经过一段时间之后；迟早；最后 6. attend to 照料 7. give birth 生(孩子)；分娩 8. lose one’s desire to do sth 失去做某事的愿望 9. once and for all 最终地；彻底地 Disappointed and frustrated, he dragged his feet home. Our efforts will pay off in time. completely/entirely/totally/thoroughly a big hit 走红 Para. 2 重点单词和短语 1. in general 通常；一般而言 = generally speaking 2. two contradictory theories 两个相互矛盾的理论 3. subscribe to 同意；赞同; 订阅；捐款 4. proof n．证据；证明 proofs (复数 ) v. prove 5. consequently adv. 因此；所以 6. investigate vi.& vt. 调查；研究 n. investigation 7. be determined to do sth 决心做某事 My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep pace with advances in science. Para.3 重点单词和短语 1. multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的 multiply v.(使)繁殖；成倍增加；乘 2. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 suspect ... of ...怀疑…… suspicion n.怀疑 3. blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责　n．责备；指责 be to blame for ...应对……负责任; 该(为……)受责备4 blame sth. on sb 把某事归咎于某人 4. as a result of 由于……(后跟原因) as a result 结果，因此(后跟结果) 5. handle n．把手；拉手；柄　vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) Don't always blame your own failure ________others. Sometimes you yourself are ______________(blame). on to blame 拓：处理= solve tackle do with deal with cope with address Para. 4 重点单词和短语 1. infect vt. 使感染；传染 infectious adj. 传染的 2. link n．联系；纽带　vt.把……连接起来；相关联 be linked to 与……连接；与……有关联，与……有联系 a link between ... and ... ……与……之间的联系 3. raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 raw material 原材料 raw waster 未经处理的废弃物 Para. 5 重点单词和短语 1. substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 2. decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 on the decrease 在减少；在降低 decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了 3. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态　vi.改变；转变 transform ... into ... 把……转变成…… ①The number of new students decreased from 210 ______ 160 this year. ②Population growth is decreasing ______ 1.4% each year. to by k 调查与研究 Investigate: 调查 Map: 绘制地图 Mark: 标注 Evidence: 证据 Suspect: 怀疑 Link: 联系 Proof: 证据 Theory: 理论 1. 疾病与医学 cholera 霍乱 disease 疾病 diarrhoea 腹泻 dehydration 脱水 death 死亡 germs 病菌 infection 感染 prevent 预防 treat 治疗 public health 公共卫生 2， 调查与研究 investigate 调查 map 绘制地图 mark 标注 evidence 证据 suspect 怀疑 link 联系 proof 证据 theory 理论 词汇分类学习 3. 水源与污染 water pump 水泵 waste 废物 polluted 被污染的 River Thames 泰晤士河 pure water 纯净水 boiled water 煮沸的水 4. 行动与影响 remove 移除 intervention 干预 stop 阻止 overcome 克服 positive outcomes 积极结果 contribution 贡献 1. Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome. 重点句子（Para1) 过去常常做某事 最令人恐惧的疾病之一 until 引导的时间状语从句，其中又包含how引导的宾语从句。 直到英国医生约翰·斯诺证明了霍乱能够被战胜之前，它一直是世界上最可怕的疾病之一。 2. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. 由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰・斯诺医生很沮丧。 because引导的原因状语从句 疑问词＋不定式”结构作动词knew的宾语 特殊疑问词+不定式结构，相当于名词性从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 When to start has not been decided yet. 何时开始还没有被决定。 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 重点句子（Para2) He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。 so ... that ...”表示“如此……以至于……”， that引导结果状语从句。 so +adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数+that...= such+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数+that... She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her. =She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. so/such...放句首时，句子部分倒装。 So lovely a girl is she that everyone likes her. =Such a lovely girl is she that everyone likes her. So excited was she that she couldn't sleep the entire night before her first flight. (读后续写之心理描写) 第一次飞行前，她非常兴奋，以至于一整晚都没睡。 单句写作( so...that...倒装句用于续写） So quickly did she react that she managed to catch the falling vase just in time. (读后续写之动作描写) 她反应十分迅速，及时抓住了正在掉落的花瓶。 她是如此的懊恼以至于她把脸埋在手里，哭了。 So frustrated was she that she buried her face into her hands, weeping. 重点句子（Para3) It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used 该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。 “看来好像……”， that引导表语从句 have sth done结构，表示“使某事被做” have sth done结构，表示“使某事被做” so that引导的目的状语从句 单句语法填空。 单句语法填空。 ①It is so hot. I had my hair _______ (cut)yesterday. ②I can't have you ______________(speak) to your mother in the rude manner. You must apologise to her immediately. ③He was so humorous that his funny stories had us _____________(laugh) all the way. ④Unfortunately, he had his right leg _____________(injure) during the ①It is so hot. I had my hair _______ (cut)yesterday. ②I can't have you ______________(speak) to your mother in the rude manner. You must apologise to her immediately. ③He was so humorous that his funny stories had us ____________(laugh) all the way. ④Unfortunately, he had his right leg _____________(injure) during the training. 单句语法填空(have常见结构） cut speaking laughing injured 重点句子（Para4) The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 与饮用纯浄水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。 Sb/Sth be likely (not) to do ... It is likely that the rain will not stop this morning. 今天上午雨可能停不了。 更有可能做某事 who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those Accordingly㉛， he had the handle㉜ of the pump removed【12】 so that it could not be used Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 重点句子（Para5) 经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。 有些动词，如 see，find，witness 等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时经历、发生、见证或目睹某事。 1.Last Saturday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race. 2.The city has seen great changes since 1990. Thank you $$