【春考特训课】第12讲：语法知识之特殊句式---【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（江苏专用）

第12讲 语法知识之特殊句式 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】  近五年高考试卷中对特殊句式主要考察祈使句和倒装句there be句型，特殊句式是高中英语教学的重点内容，考生需掌握这部分内容，以便有充足的知识储备和较强的综合能力应对今后的高考。 高中英语特殊句式主要有三种：强调句、倒装句和省略句，另外还有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感叹句、祈使句。其中强调句、倒装句和感叹句在高考中是重点。 高中英语特殊句式主要有三种：强调句、倒装句和省略句，另外还有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感叹句、祈使句。其中强调句、倒装句和感叹句在高考中是重点。 【要点梳理】 考点一：强调句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 强调句 It is / was ＋被强调部分＋that / who ... 对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人，且作主语时，引导词也可用who。强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。 强调句的特殊疑问句结构:疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋句子其他部分? 强调谓语动词 用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 与三大从句的区别 1.强调句去掉It is/was和that 之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能。 2.强调句中that没有意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 3.强调句去掉It is/was和that后，结构仍然完整，而It is ...when ...中，it指代时间。 1.陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他．。可以对句子的主语，宾语，表语，状语等进行强调。(强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只用that) It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 正是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。 2.一般疑问句：Is/Was ＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？ Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down? 他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？ 3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他？ When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 主意：当强调句的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，要用陈述句语序。 I wonder who it was that told Jim the news. 我想知道是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。 4.not...until...的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他． It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 直到我来到这里，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. 5.强调谓语动词时，用do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定陈述句中，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 I do hope you can consider my application。 They did manage to send him to a technical school. She does need some practice. 知识 1 ： 强调句型与三大从句的区别 1.强调句型与主语从句：去掉it is/was和that之后，句子完整就是强调句。而主语从句去掉之后，句子结构不完整。 It is there that accidents often happen. It is a fact that English is being spoken by a lot of people. 2.强调句型与定语从句：强调句中的that没有意义且不做句子成份。定语从句中的that为关系代词，在句子中要做句子成分。 It is novels that Miss Wang enjoys reading. It is a question that needs careful consideration. 3.强调句型与时间状语从句从句：去掉it is/was和that之后，句子完整就是强调句。而it is/was+时刻+when从句中，it指时间。 It was at 6:00 that I got up today. It was 6:00 that I got up today. It was 6:00 when I got up today. 知识 2 ： 特殊句式中的强调句型 1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构： 特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 该句的其余部分。 如：How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎样去上班的? 2. 在强调not... until结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It + is / was + not until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。 如：His father didn’t come back from work until 12o’clock. = It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home from work.直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。 考点二：倒装句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 倒装句 部分倒装 1.表示否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/ scarcely ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ..., not ...until ..., nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。 2.“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装。 3.so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 4.表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so 表示肯定意义，neither/nor 表示否定意义)。 5.在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。 完全倒装 1.here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装语序。 2.有时为平衡句子结构或突出强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。 主语和谓语有两种顺序：主语在谓语前是自然顺序，谓语在主语前是倒装。倒装的形式：1.完全倒装 2.部分倒装3.形式倒装 一.完全倒装：整个谓语部分放在主语的前面。 1.in，out，up，down，away，off，back，there，here，now，then，on the wall，in the room 等表示时间，地点，方位的副词或介词放在句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。 Out rushed the children. There goes the bell.  Away she went. There stands a temple（寺庙）on the top of the mountain. Here are my suggestions. 2.有时为了平衡句子结构或强调，将做表语的介词短语、形容词、副词、分词结构提到句首，构成“表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构。 Mr Green and other guests were present at the party. Present at the party were Mr Green and other guests. 二.部分倒装：将谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词，be）放到主语的前面，谓语的其他部分仍然放在主语的后面。 1.当“only +状语（从句）”放在句首时，句子（主句）要使用部分倒装。 I have received her letter only recently.=Only recently have I  received her letter. We can live our dream life only by working hard.=Only by working hard can we live our dream life. I felt relieved only when he returned.=Only when he returned did I feel relieved. 2.具有否定意义的连词，副词以及介词短语放在句首时，句子（主句）需要部分倒装。 not，never，seldom，rarely，little，few，hardly，barely，scarcely，nowhere，not until（直到….才），by no means（决不），in no way（决不），at no time（决不），on no condition（决不）under no circumstances（决不），not…..but…（不是…而是….），not only….but also…（前倒后不倒），no sooner …than，neither...nor... I have never seen such an interesting book before.=Never have I seen such an interesting book before. I had hardly got home when it rained.=Hardly had I got home when it rained. I didn’t recognize him until he came close.=Not until he came close did I recognise him. 3.so或such连同所修饰的的成分一起置于句首时，主句常用部分倒装。也就是把be/助动词/情态动词提到主语前。 It was such a lovely day that we all went swimming.＝Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming. 今天天气如此的好，我们大家都去游泳了。 He is so selfish a boy that all people don't like him.=So selfish a boy is he that all people don't like him. He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.=So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him. 4. 表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时使用部分倒装结构 So/Neither/Nor+be/情态动词/助动词+主语。（so表肯定，neither/nor表否定）.so+主语+be/情态动词/助动词表示“确实如此” I have never been abroad.   Nor/Neither has he. I saw the film yesterday.   So did he. He is not interested in math.    So he is. 当前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合另一个人或物时，不用so/neither/nor结构，要用so it is with+sb或it is the same with sb结构 Tom likes singing，but he doesn’t like dancing. It is the same with Mary. 5.如果虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should，有时可以把if省略掉，把were，had，should提到主语前形成部分倒装，若为否定形式，not不可提前。 If she were my friend,I would ask her for help.=Were she my friend，I would ask her for help. If it had not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk.=Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk. 三.形式倒装：也称为前置。它的特点是，只需把强调的内容提到句首，主谓不倒装。 1.what/how感叹句 What a lovely girl she is. How lovely the girl is. 2. The +比较级….the +比较级…..句型 The harder you work,the greater progress you will make. 3. whatever/however引导的让步状语从句。 Whatever reasons you have，you should carry out your promise. However difficult the problem may be,we must work it out this evening. 4. as和though引导的让步状语从句，采用形式倒装的情况。 A: 表语的倒装（如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，前置要去掉冠词） Tired as/though he was，he still went on his work. Child as he is,he can carry the big box. Youngest as he is in our class,he is the tallest. B:动词的倒装 Try as he might，he didn’t pass the exam. C:状语的倒装 Much as he likes the bike，he cannot afford it. Hard as I studied,I couldn’t catch up with them. 引导让步状语从句的时候，as倒，although不倒，though倒不倒都行 考点三：省略句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 省略句 状语从句的省略 在时间、让步、方式、条件、地点等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。 动词不定式的省略 感官动词后的宾补，常省略to；在形容词(glad, happy, pleased, delighted, anxious等)后作状语时，to后的内容常承前省略。 1．状语从句的省略 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。 Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. 金属加热时就膨胀，冷却时就收缩。 2．不定式的省略 (1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect，hope，intend，mean，try，want，wish等词后。 Firstly，people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to. 首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。 (2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do，后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略to。 If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge. 如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。 3．if省略结构 if so如果这样的话 if not如果不是这样的话 if ever如果曾经有的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if possible如果可能的话 if any如果有的话 考点四：感叹句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 感叹句 what引导的感叹句 1.What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语! 2.What＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语! how引导的感叹句 1.How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语! 2. How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语! 1．what引导的感叹句 (1)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (2)What(＋adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ 2．how引导的感叹句 (1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ (2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (3)How＋主语＋谓语！ What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before. 这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。 The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face. 这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。 考点五：祈使句 祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。 1．祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don't，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。 Do your homework before you watch TV. 看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。 2．祈使句表示假设的情况。 (1)祈使句＋and/or＋简单句 (2)名词词组(多含有more，another)＋and＋简单句 Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the result.明天给我打电话，我会让你知道结果的。 Start out right away，or we'll miss the first train.立刻出发，否则我们将要错过首班车。 考点六：there be句型 1．there be 句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且be有时可用live，remain，stand，lie，exist，seem to be，appear to be，happen to be，used to be等替换。 There have been many great changes in our country since then.自从那时起我国发生了很大的变化。 Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 2．there be句型的常考句型： There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事 There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难 There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能性 考点七：it的特殊用法 1．it作形式主语或形式宾语 it作形式主语或形式宾语时，真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式、动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。 It is a good habit to do morning exercises.晨练是个好习惯。 It is a pity that you didn't see such a good film.真遗憾，你没看这么一部好电影。 2．it用于强调句型 It＋is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他 It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.是王教授每周一下午教我们英语。 3．it引起的几个易混时间句型 ①It＋be＋时间段＋since从句，“自从……以来已多久了”。在该句型中，若since从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，则主句动作自该终止性动词动作开始时算起；若since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，则主句动作或状态自该延续性动词动作结束时开始。 It is three years since she left Beijing.自从她离开北京已三年了。 It is three years since she lived in Beijing.她三年不在北京住了。 ②It＋be＋时间段＋before从句，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才……”；主句中的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多久就……”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be时，before从句常用一般现在时。 It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.不久她就背会了那些诗歌。 It was not long before the police arrived.不久警察就到了。 It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过几小时他才能做决定。 ③It＋be＋时间＋when从句，主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be,when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。 It was already 8 o'clock when we got home.我们到家时已经八点了。 It was the next morning when we finished our work.次日凌晨我们才完成工作。 It will be midnight when they get there.他们要午夜才到达那里。 · 【特殊句式思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 单句语法填空 1．There is no ________ (say) whether he'll come. 2．It was him ________ inspired me to complete the tryout. 3．It is his sense of responsibility and devotion ________makes us admire him. 4．Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication，unless ________ ( handle) properly，may lead to serious results. 5．Only then ________ she realize how serious the situation had been. 6．The passengers on board were asked to fasten their seat belts as ________ (instruct) the moment they settled down. 7．It is only by listening to and understanding each other ____________ problems between parents and children can be settled. 8．Don’t play video games too often, for once _______(addict) to them, you will suffer later on. 9．and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精)! 10．Bicycles are a very common form of transport in the world. There________ (be) about one billion bicycles worldwide. 11．While ________ (fly) through the wind, it produced sound like the music produced by gu – zheng, which is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. 12．Evidence suggests that you can remove more germs(病菌)from your hands for this amount of time while ________ (wash)your hands. 13．Into the dark apartment ________ (walk) David，who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy birthday！” 14．I hope you'll visit China next month. If ________， I'd like to be your tour guide. 15．China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 16．It was not until I got home ________I found I had missed my wallet. 17．______ is much chance that Bill will recover himself in time for the race. 18．Here ________ (come) the announcement for the result of the sports meeting. 19．It wasn’t until nearly a month later ________ I received the manager’s reply. 20．It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. 【答案】 1．saying 【详解】 考查名词。句意：不知道他是否会来。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词形式，say的名词形式为saying，所以应填saying。故填saying。 2．that/who 【详解】 考查强调句。句意：是他激励我完成了选拔赛。 分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“it be+被强调部分+that”，且被强调部分为人时，that可以换成who，此处强调him，可用that或who。故填that/who。 3．that 【详解】 考查强调句。句意：正是他的责任感和奉献精神使我们钦佩他。去掉It is和空处，句子成分仍然完整，因此本句为强调句，结构为It is +被强调部分+that+其余部分，本句强调主语 his sense of responsibility and devotion。根据句意，故填that。 4．handled 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：由于缺乏社会沟通而产生的误解，除非处理得当，否则可能会导致严重的后果。unless引导的状语从句中，省略了主语Misunderstandings 和be动词，误解和处理是被动关系。故填handled。 5．did 【详解】 考查倒装句。句意：仅是在那时候她才意识到形势是多么严峻。“Only+副词（作状语）”置句首，句子使用部分倒装句，根据句意可知，用一般过去时，故用助动词did，故填did。 6．instructed 【详解】 考查时态，语态和省略。句意：飞机上的乘客一坐下来就被要求按指示系好安全带。分析可知，乘客是按照被指示的系好安全带，由were asked可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此as后的句子是as they were instructed，为as引导的方式状语从句，方式状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，也就是省略they were，因此空格处是instructed，故填instructed。 7．that 【详解】 考查强调句。句意：只有通过相互倾听和理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能得到解决。分析句子结构可知，去掉it is和连接词剩下的部分可以构成一个完整的句子，故本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，本句被强调部分为only by listening to and understanding each other，故填that。 8．addicted 【详解】 考查省略句。句意：不要经常玩电子游戏，因为一旦上瘾，你以后会吃苦头的。本句为省略句，once为连接词表示“一旦”，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，题中的句子完整写法为once (you are)addicted to them, you will suffer later on.。故填addicted。 9．it 【详解】 考查it的用法。句意：直到我听说她生病了，我才知道她不能吃味精!该句是强调句型：It is/was +强调部分+that+其他，如果强调部分指人，也可用who代替that。故答案为it。 10．are 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自行车是世界上一种非常常见的交通工具。全世界大约有10亿辆自行车。句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子为there be句型，句子主语为about one billion bicycles， 为复数形式，应与are连用。故填are。 11．flying 【详解】 考查省略句。句意：当它在风中飞的时候，会发出像古筝一样的声音，古筝是一种传统的中国乐器。while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，省略了从句的主语和be动词，完整的句子是“While it is flying through the wind”，省略了it is，因此空处应填现在分词。故填flying。 12．washing 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：有证据表明,在洗手的过程中,你可以在这段时间内去除手上更多的细菌。此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了相同的主语和be动词，补全为while you are washing your hands。故答案为washing。 13．walked 【详解】 考查全部倒装。句意：大卫走进黑暗的公寓，当每个人都喊着“生日快乐”时，他非常惊讶。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，句子用完全倒装。由定语从句中动词的时态可判定此处用一般过去时。故填walked。 14．so 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：我希望你下个月访问中国。如果是的话，我愿意做你的导游。if so “如果这样的话”，属于省略句，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略，省略了主语it和be动词。故填so。 15．feeding 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：世界银行的Juergen Voegele表示，中国在保护环境的同时养活公民的做法“为全球农业和粮食政策制定者提供了有益的教训”。此处是省略句。状语从句主语为it或与主句主语相同，且谓语动词含有be动词时，可以省略it或相同的主语和be。由“连词＋doing”构成，完整的句子为：while it is feeding its citizens ... 。故答案为feeding。 16．that 【详解】 考查强调句。句意：到了家我才发现我的钱包不见了。强调句的基本结构由“It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+句子其余部分”组成，如果被强调的是人用that或who，其他用that。本句中强调的是until I got home（直到我到了家），故使用that。本强调句中运用了否定前移，不加强调的原句为I didn’t find I had missed my wallet until I got home。综上，本题填that。 17．There 【详解】 考查there be句型。句意：有很大可能比尔能够恢复，参加比赛。结合句意可知，这里使用的是there is much chance“有很大可能”，符合句意，位于句首注意大写，故填There。 18．comes 【详解】 考查动词时态和倒装句。句意：运动会结果的通告来了。地点副词here置于句首，句子使用完全倒装，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为the announcement，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 19．that 【详解】 考查强调句。句意：直到将近一个月后，我才收到经理的回信。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为强调句式：it be+强调部分+that+其它。故填that。 20．that 【详解】 考查强调句型，句意：直到他读了文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面临的任务很难完成。分析可知，该句强调部分为only after he had read the papers。根据强调句结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋剩余部分”。故填that。 · 单句改错 1. When combining, the two methods can help us save much time and money. 2. When exposing to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious. 3. Video games can be a poor influence if leaving in the wrong hands. 4. Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home. 5. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century when his musical gift was fully recognized. 6. John opened the door. There stands a girl he had never seen before. 7. Strange although might it sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 8. Has he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. 9. Always keeping in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly. 10. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, don’t you? 11. It was with great joy which he found his lost daughter. 12. Have you ever dreamed of there such a good chance for further education abroad? 13. Attaching to the gift was a note on which he expressed his gratitude for our reception during his stay here. 14. There is no denying that it was drug use which badly damaged Houston's voice and ruined her life. 15. I firmly believe that the project, if being carried out according to the plan, will definitely work out well. 16. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do what makes life happy. 17. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor does he give it a thought. 18. If you go to Mount Tai, you will find it more magnificent than commonly supposing. 19. It was from the few supplies which she had bought from in the village which the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. 20. Of all the traditional festivals, it is the harvest festival which can be found in almost every culture. 【答案】 1. combining改为combined。考查状语从句省略用法。空白处动词和句子主语逻辑上构成被动关系。 2. exposing改为exposed。考查状语从句省略用法。空白处动词和句子主语逻辑上构成被动关系。 3. leaving改为left。考查状语从句省略用法。空白处动词和句子主语逻辑上构成被动关系。 4. she前加did。考查倒装句用法。Only修饰的状语（从句）位于句首，句子采用部分倒装语序。 5. when改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是not until the early 19th century。 6. stands改为stood。考查倒装句用法。There be句型中be可由stand， remain等动词代替。 7. although改为though/as。考查倒装句用法。这是“形容词+as/though+陈述句”构成的倒装句，although不能用于该句型。 8. Has改为Had。考查倒装句用法。If虚拟条件句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时；去掉if应部分倒装。 9. keeping改为keep。考查祈使句用法。结合语境这里应理解为祈使句，动词原形开头。 10. don’t改为will。考查反意疑问句用法。陈述部分是祈使句，附加问句用will you。 11. which改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是with great joy。 12. there后加being。考查There be…句型用法。这是there be…句型的复杂形式。 13. Attaching改为Attached。考查倒装句用法。空白处动词和句子主语逻辑上构成被动关系。 14. which改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是drug use。 15. 去掉being。考查状语从句省略用法。状语从句省略前不应含有being，故应去掉。 16. what改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do。 17. does改为will。考查倒装句用法。Neither/nor后接倒装句，表示否定情况也适合于后者，时态与前边照应。 18. supposing改为supposed。考查状语从句省略用法。空白处动词和句子主语逻辑上构成被动关系。   19. 第二个which改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是from the few supplies which she had bought from in the village。 20. which改为that。考查强调句型用法。这是It was+被强调部分+that…，这里被强调部分是the harvest festival。 课后反馈 演练 单句语法填空 1．While __________(discuss) the plan,  they found it practical. 2．The boy did nothing but_________(wait) for the police in the tree. 3．The hurricane caused more damage than_________(expect). 4．Though ____________ (injure) in the accident, the bus driver did all he could to help the passengers to safety. 5．Children, when ________（accompany） by the parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 6．Not until I returned________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 7．So touching________the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. 8．It’s not what you have in your life but________you have in your life that matters.   9．He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely________(can) he make ends meet 10．Only after one has become a parent________he realize how great his parents are.   【答案】 1．discussing 【详解】 考查省略。句意：在讨论这个计划时，他们发现它是可行的。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为 be，常省略从句的主语和 be 动词。所以本句从句中省略了they are，逻辑主语用discuss之间是主动关系，所以用discussing，表示正在进行时。根据句意，故填discussing。 2．wait 【详解】 考查固定短语。句意：那男孩什么也没做，只是在树上等警察。 用作介词except, but的宾语的不定式有时带to，有时不带to。其基本原则是：若其前出现了动词do，其后的不定式通常不带to；若其前没有出现动词do，则其后的不定式通常带to。故填wait。 3．expected 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：飓风造成的损失比预期的要大。当状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词。全句为：The hurricane caused more damage than it was expected.从句中主语It指代hurricane，且有be动词was，故省略。故填expected。 4．injured 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：尽管在事故中受伤，公共汽车司机还是尽力保证乘客安全。在though引导的让步状语从句中，当主从句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，the bus driver与injure之间是被动关系，本句相当于省略了he was，用过去分词injured表被动。故填injured。 5．accompanied 【详解】 考查省略句。句意：孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。分析句子可知，此处是when引导的状语从句，从句的主语和主句的主语Children一致，可用代词they代替，且由by their parents可知此处是被动语态，时态是一般现在时，此时可省略when从句的主语和be代词，即when (they are) accompnied by their parents。故填accompanied。 6．did 【详解】 考查部分倒装。句意：直到回来，我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的。not until放在句首，主句要部分倒装。结合前文的returned可知，可知为一般过去时，故在主句主语I前加did。故填did。 7．did 【详解】 考查倒装句。句意：当我第一次听到这首歌时，我禁不住流下了眼泪。当＂so+形容词＂置于句首时，句子应用部分倒装，助动词提前；根据从句时态可知，应用一般过去时，故填助动词did。 8．who 【详解】 考查强调句型的用法和主语从句。句意：重要的不是你在生活中拥有什么而是你拥有谁。题干中not what you have in your life but ________you have in your life是强调句中的被强调部分，根据前者的what，判断but后的从句中缺少have的宾语，指人。故用who。 9．could 【详解】 考查倒装句。句意：因为入不敷出，当他在报纸上看到这则广告时抓住了机会。否定副词barely位于从句句首时句子要进行部分倒装，将助动词、情态动词或系动词be等置于主语前，再结合“jumped”可知，使用情态动词can的过去式could。故填could。 10．will 【详解】 考查部分倒装。句意：只有一个人为人父母后，他才知道他的父母多么的伟大。＂Only＋状语从句＂放在句首的时候，后面的句子用部分倒装，助动词/be动词/情态动词放在主语前面，由于从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时，所以答案为will。 单句语法填空 1．Never________it realistic for Europe to lay too much hope on China since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.   2．Only after Mary read her essay the second time________she notice the spelling mistake.   3．I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power,________then will there be peace in this world. 4．Not until he failed a second time________ he begin to take my advice seriously. 5．On ________ account should any money be given to a small child. 6．________call Nike when you arrive. Just come up to my house. I’ll be at home all day.(there) 7．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely. 8．In brief, it is one’s EQ ________plays an important part in one’s life. 9．Hard ________ it is, the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road. 10．When deeply ______(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. 【答案】 1．is 【详解】 考查部分倒装。句意：对于欧洲而言从来没有把太多的希望放在中国，这是现实的，因为债务问题将只能由欧洲国家自己来解决。否定词never放在句首，后面使用倒装句。根据后半句“since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves”可知，本句用一般现在时，it作形式主语，故用is。 2．did 【详解】 考查部分倒装。句意：只有当玛丽第二次读文章时，她才注意到拼写错误。Only的倒装有两个条件：only放在句首，且强调的是状语。本题中only放在了句首，强调的是时间状语从句after Mary read her essay the second time，所以后面使用倒装句的形式；描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故将助动词did置于主语she之前。故答案是did。 3．only 【详解】 考查固定句型。句意：我相信，当爱的力量战胜了对权势的爱，直到那时这个世界才会有和平。此处为“only then…”句型，表示“直到那时”，后跟部分倒装。故填only。 4．did 【详解】 考查部分倒装和时态。句意：直到第二次失败，他才开始认真对待我的建议。not until位于句首时要部分倒装，结合上文failed可知为一般过去时，应在主语he之前添加助动词did。故填did。 5．no 【详解】 考查部分倒装句。句意：绝对不能给钱给小孩子。介词短语on no account绝不，该短语表示否定含义，放在句首要用部分倒装形式。所以要填no。 6．There will be no need to 【详解】 考查固定句型。句意：当你到达时，没有必要打电话给Nike 。来我家吧。我整天都在家。结合句意表示“没有必要做某事”可知句型为There be no need to do sth.，且描述将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故填There will be no need to。 7．as/though 【详解】 考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管我很佩服他的勇气，但我认为他的行为并不明智。由句意可知，本句是由as/though（尽管）引导的让步状语从句，本句进行了部分倒装，将状语提到as/though前面，原句为：As/Though I admire his courage much。故填as/though。 8．that 【详解】 考查强调句型。句意：简言之，情商在人的一生中起着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，去掉本句的it is和空格内容，本句依然完整，所以本句使用了强调句型，其结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who（强调部分为人）+其它，本句强调部分为one’s EQ，指物，所以空处需用that。故填that。 9．as/though 【详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管困难重重，中国政府还是决心开放新丝绸之路。此处是由as/though引导让步状语从句，结构为“名词/形容词+as / though+主语+动词”，根据形容词Hard可知要用连词as/though。故填as/though。 10．absorbed 【详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注地工作时，他总是忘记吃饭和睡觉。 absorb意为“使……全神贯注”，常用句型sb. be absorbed in sth.，意为“某人全神贯注于……”。该处指他全神贯注于工作，因此，需要选择用absorb的某种形式。when引导时间状语从句，该从句补充完整为：when he is deeply absorbed in work。根据“主从句主语一致，且从句中有be的时候，可以省略从句主语和be”的原则，该从句省略为when deeply absorbed。故填absorbed。 【2024年新高考I卷】 （听力第6节：交际用语） Yeah, you cannot be too careful. 【译文】是啊，你应该越小心越好。 【解析】本句的翻译为正确理解上下文增加难度。否定词与too或enough连用时，译为“再......也不为过”。而不是“不能够”。 （阅读理解D：省略句）When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. 【译文】当阅读数百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。 【解析】本句运用状语从句的省略。理清楚句子结构，可以更好的理解句意。 （阅读理解D：倒装句） But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. 【译文】但同样重要的是精神方面。阅读研究人员提出了一种称为“浅薄假说”的理论。 【解析】谓语动词is前面是形容词作表语，为了进行强调而运用倒装句。主语是the mental aspect。 【2024年新高考Ⅱ卷】 （阅读理解C：强调句）Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. 【译文】具体来说，这是一个依赖新技术的农场。 【解析】本句运用强调句，强调句型it is...that...，强调主语a farm。 （阅读理解C：倒装句）Also,  there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. 【译文】此外，还有一个方便的应用程序，可以实时提供不断增长的数据。 【解析】there be句型为倒装结构。译为“有”，主语为a convenient app。that为关系代词引导定语从句。 （读后续写：倒装句）There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. 【译文】入口处有一台提款机。 【解析】there be句型为倒装句，主语是a cash machine。there为虚词。 【2024年浙江卷1月】 （七选五：祈使句）Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 【译文】一定要安排固定的时间来观看你的讲座、阅读材料和参与在线讨论板。     【解析】本句为祈使句。其后watch、read、contribute为并列目的状语的省略。 （完形填空：虚拟语气）It would have been easy torely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 【译文】很容易相信我对这位离家从未超过几百英里的公路建设者的假设。 【解析】would have been为虚拟语气表示对过去的虚拟，从句省略，主语使用would+have done的谓语形式。 【2024年全国甲卷】 （阅读理解A：祈使句）Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. 【译文】尝试一些艺术家使用的绘画技巧，他们的作品将在即将到来的美国水彩画1880-1990：走进光中展出。 【解析】本句属于阅读中的长难句。运用祈使句开头。used by为过去分词短语作后置定语。whose引导的定语从句修饰先行词artists。 （阅读理解A：祈使句+省略句）Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. 【译文】加入哈佛自然历史博物馆的Javier Marin，了解昆虫和其他无脊椎动物如何跳舞，激发时尚灵感和创造艺术，同时用手工艺材料制作自己的无骨艺术家。     【解析】考查特殊句式的理解。开头为祈使句，how引导宾语从句，while引导的时间状语从句中省略you are。 （阅读理解D：虚拟语气）He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 【译文】他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别，即使他们没有传统上积极的结果，也能满足故事的结局。 【解析】考查虚拟语气在长难句中的运用。suggest后虚拟语气。省略that和should，句子中的that引导的是定语从句。even if引导让步状语从句。 【2023年新高考I卷】 （七选五：祈使句）don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. 【译文】不要等到你犯了一个错误才尝试这个-这是随时增强自信心的好方法。 【解析】本句主句运用祈使句。从句为until引导的时间状语从句。 （书面表达：省略句）Besides, Students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with. 【译文】此外，如果与他们无法相处或难以交流的人配对，学生可能会感到不舒服或不那么积极。 【解析】运用了省略句和who引导定语从句。在时间、条件、让步和方式状语从句中，若从句主语和主句主语一致，并且从句中含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，故if paired中省略they are。 【2023年北京卷】 （阅读理解A：省略句）If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to work on a sport-based project. 【译文】如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，一个人将需要从事一个基于体育的项目。 【解析】在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。完整句式为if one is selected as...。 （阅读表达：省略句）Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re﹣evaluate what you get out of them (or don’t). 【译文】花些时间想想是什么导致了坏习惯，并重新评估你从中得到了什么（或没有得到什么）。 【解析】动词原形开头为祈使句，省略主语you，what引导表语从句作介词about的宾语。 【2023年天津卷】 （情景交际）— Mike will announce his retirement from professional soccer next week. —________! He’s only 25 and still very fit. A．I don’t mind at all                                      B．I couldn’t agree more C．You will make it                                      D．You can’t be serious 【答案】D     【解析】考查情景交际。句意：—— 迈克将于下周宣布退役。—— 你不是认真的吧！他只有25岁，现在仍然很健康。A. I don’t mind at all我一点也不介意；B. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意；C. You will make it你会成功的；D. You can’t be serious你不是认真的吧。根据下文“He’s only 25 and still very fit.”可知对于迈克将于下周宣布退役这个消息不敢置信，故选D。 （情景交际）—Is Mr. Pearl available, please? — _________ . I'll just see if he is in the office. A．After you                          B．Hang on C．With pleasure                   D．Go ahead 【答案】B 【解析】考查情景对话。句意：——请问Pearl先生在吗？——稍等。我去看看他在不在办公室。A. After you您先；B. Hang on稍等；C. With pleasure愿意效劳；D. Go ahead随便。根据句意，此处表示“稍等”。故选B。 （情景交际）—Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier? ——_________ . I can finish the report on my own. A．Sure thing                        B．Help yourself C．Forget it                         D．That depends 【答案】A 【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我可以早点走吗?——当然。我可以自己完成这份报告。A. Sure thing（答应建议或要求）当然，一定；B. Help yourself请自便；C. Forget it算了吧；D. That depends看情况而定。结合“Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier?”以及“I can finish the report on my own”可知，上文征求对方的意见，所以此处应为“当然”符合语境。故选A项。 【2023年全国甲卷】 （语法填空：倒装句）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message    46.intended   (intend) for everyone. 【译文】然而，在简单的风格之后，是一个为每个人都做打算的严肃的信息。 【解析】本句运用倒装句。介词短语behind the simple style位于句首，主语是a serious message, 故考查过去分词短语intended for everyone作后置定语修饰主语名词。 （阅读理解:倒装句）there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. 【译文】在美国，大约有2000只或更多的灰熊。 【解析】本句属于倒装句。are之后为主语，there be句型为倒装句。 【2023年全国乙卷】 （阅读理解B：虚拟语气）Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 【译文】不过，回顾这些照片，它们仍旧是我最好的照片，虽然如果我能准备好并明智地管理我的时间的话，它们可以更好些。 【解析】本句是复合句，含有though引导的让步状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句，并且从句中使用虚拟语气。 （阅读理解C：强调句）It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. 【译文】正是多亏了这些电视厨师，而不是任何广告活动，英国人开始了肉类和蔬菜和即食，在烹饪习惯上变得更加冒险。     【解析】本句使用强调举行it is+被强调部分+that...，强调介词短语thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising。 （阅读理解D：省略句）If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. 【译文】如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你就不能仅仅通过文本来做，因为世界上只有一些人曾经有过文本，而世界上的大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。 【解析】 本句考查省略句在复合句中长难句的理解。if引导条件状语从句，a history充当同位语，其后被关系代词that引导的定语从句修饰，主句you cannot do it through texts alone,从属连词because引导原因状语从句，并列连词while之后使用省略。省略谓语部分和宾语。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第12讲 语法知识之特殊句式 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】  近五年高考试卷中对特殊句式主要考察祈使句和倒装句there be句型，特殊句式是高中英语教学的重点内容，考生需掌握这部分内容，以便有充足的知识储备和较强的综合能力应对今后的高考。 高中英语特殊句式主要有三种：强调句、倒装句和省略句，另外还有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感叹句、祈使句。其中强调句、倒装句和感叹句在高考中是重点。 高中英语特殊句式主要有三种：强调句、倒装句和省略句，另外还有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感叹句、祈使句。其中强调句、倒装句和感叹句在高考中是重点。 【要点梳理】 考点一：强调句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 强调句 It is / was ＋被强调部分＋that / who ... 对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人，且作主语时，引导词也可用who。强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。 强调句的特殊疑问句结构:疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋句子其他部分? 强调谓语动词 用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 与三大从句的区别 1.强调句去掉It is/was和that 之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能。 2.强调句中that没有意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 3.强调句去掉It is/was和that后，结构仍然完整，而It is ...when ...中，it指代时间。 It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 正是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。 Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down? 他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？ When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 主意：当强调句的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，要用陈述句语序。 I wonder who it was that told Jim the news. 我想知道是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。 It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 直到我来到这里，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. I do hope you can consider my application。 They did manage to send him to a technical school. She does need some practice. 知识 1 ： 强调句型与三大从句的区别 1.强调句型与主语从句：去掉it is/was和that之后，句子完整就是强调句。而主语从句去掉之后，句子结构不完整。 It is there that accidents often happen. It is a fact that English is being spoken by a lot of people. 2.强调句型与定语从句：强调句中的that没有意义且不做句子成份。定语从句中的that为关系代词，在句子中要做句子成分。 It is novels that Miss Wang enjoys reading. It is a question that needs careful consideration. 3.强调句型与时间状语从句从句：去掉it is/was和that之后，句子完整就是强调句。而it is/was+时刻+when从句中，it指时间。 It was at 6:00 that I got up today. It was 6:00 that I got up today. It was 6:00 when I got up today. 知识 2 ： 特殊句式中的强调句型 1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构： 特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 该句的其余部分。 如：How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎样去上班的? 2. 在强调not... until结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It + is / was + not until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。 如：His father didn’t come back from work until 12o’clock. = It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home from work.直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。 考点二：倒装句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 倒装句 部分倒装 1.表示否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/ scarcely ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ..., not ...until ..., nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。 2.“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装。 3.so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 4.表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so 表示肯定意义，neither/nor 表示否定意义)。 5.在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。 完全倒装 1.here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装语序。 2.有时为平衡句子结构或突出强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。 主语和谓语有两种顺序：主语在谓语前是自然顺序，谓语在主语前是倒装。倒装的形式：1.完全倒装 2.部分倒装3.形式倒装 1.in，out，up，down，away，off，back，there，here，now，then，on the wall，in the room 等表示时间，地点，方位的副词或介词放在句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。 Out rushed the children. There goes the bell.  Away she went. There stands a temple（寺庙）on the top of the mountain. Here are my suggestions. 2.有时为了平衡句子结构或强调，将做表语的介词短语、形容词、副词、分词结构提到句首，构成“表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构。 Mr Green and other guests were present at the party. Present at the party were Mr Green and other guests. 1.当“only +状语（从句）”放在句首时，句子（主句）要使用部分倒装。 I have received her letter only recently.=Only recently have I  received her letter. We can live our dream life only by working hard.=Only by working hard can we live our dream life. I felt relieved only when he returned.=Only when he returned did I feel relieved. 2.具有否定意义的连词，副词以及介词短语放在句首时，句子（主句）需要部分倒装。 not，never，seldom，rarely，little，few，hardly，barely，scarcely，nowhere，not until（直到….才），by no means（决不），in no way（决不），at no time（决不），on no condition（决不）under no circumstances（决不），not…..but…（不是…而是….），not only….but also…（前倒后不倒），no sooner …than，neither...nor... I have never seen such an interesting book before.=Never have I seen such an interesting book before. I had hardly got home when it rained.=Hardly had I got home when it rained. I didn’t recognize him until he came close.=Not until he came close did I recognise him. 3.so或such连同所修饰的的成分一起置于句首时，主句常用部分倒装。也就是把be/助动词/情态动词提到主语前。 It was such a lovely day that we all went swimming.＝Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming. 今天天气如此的好，我们大家都去游泳了。 He is so selfish a boy that all people don't like him.=So selfish a boy is he that all people don't like him. He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.=So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him. 4. 表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时使用部分倒装结构 So/Neither/Nor+be/情态动词/助动词+主语。（so表肯定，neither/nor表否定）.so+主语+be/情态动词/助动词表示“确实如此” I have never been abroad.   Nor/Neither has he. I saw the film yesterday.   So did he. He is not interested in math.    So he is. 当前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合另一个人或物时，不用so/neither/nor结构，要用so it is with+sb或it is the same with sb结构 Tom likes singing，but he doesn’t like dancing. It is the same with Mary. 5.如果虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should，有时可以把if省略掉，把were，had，should提到主语前形成部分倒装，若为否定形式，not不可提前。 If she were my friend,I would ask her for help.=Were she my friend，I would ask her for help. If it had not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk.=Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk. 1.what/how感叹句 What a lovely girl she is. How lovely the girl is. 2. The +比较级….the +比较级…..句型 The harder you work,the greater progress you will make. 3. whatever/however引导的让步状语从句。 Whatever reasons you have，you should carry out your promise. However difficult the problem may be,we must work it out this evening. 4. as和though引导的让步状语从句，采用形式倒装的情况。 A: 表语的倒装（如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，前置要去掉冠词） Tired as/though he was，he still went on his work. Child as he is,he can carry the big box. Youngest as he is in our class,he is the tallest. B:动词的倒装 Try as he might，he didn’t pass the exam. C:状语的倒装 Much as he likes the bike，he cannot afford it. Hard as I studied,I couldn’t catch up with them. 引导让步状语从句的时候，as倒，although不倒，though倒不倒都行 考点三：省略句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 省略句 状语从句的省略 在时间、让步、方式、条件、地点等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。 动词不定式的省略 感官动词后的宾补，常省略to；在形容词(glad, happy, pleased, delighted, anxious等)后作状语时，to后的内容常承前省略。 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。 Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. 金属加热时就膨胀，冷却时就收缩。 (1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect，hope，intend，mean，try，want，wish等词后。 Firstly，people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to. 首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。 (2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do，后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略to。 If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge. 如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。 if so如果这样的话 if not如果不是这样的话 if ever如果曾经有的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if possible如果可能的话 if any如果有的话 考点四：感叹句 类型 句 式 考 查 重 点 感叹句 what引导的感叹句 1.What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语! 2.What＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语! how引导的感叹句 1.How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语! 2. How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语! (1)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (2)What(＋adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ (2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (3)How＋主语＋谓语！ What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before. 这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。 The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face. 这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。 考点五：祈使句 祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。 Do your homework before you watch TV. 看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。 (1)祈使句＋and/or＋简单句 (2)名词词组(多含有more，another)＋and＋简单句 Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the result.明天给我打电话，我会让你知道结果的。 Start out right away，or we'll miss the first train.立刻出发，否则我们将要错过首班车。 考点六：there be句型 There have been many great changes in our country since then.自从那时起我国发生了很大的变化。 Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事 There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难 There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能性 考点七：it的特殊用法 it作形式主语或形式宾语时，真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式、动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。 It is a good habit to do morning exercises.晨练是个好习惯。 It is a pity that you didn't see such a good film.真遗憾，你没看这么一部好电影。 It＋is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他 It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.是王教授每周一下午教我们英语。 ①It＋be＋时间段＋since从句，“自从……以来已多久了”。在该句型中，若since从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，则主句动作自该终止性动词动作开始时算起；若since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，则主句动作或状态自该延续性动词动作结束时开始。 It is three years since she left Beijing.自从她离开北京已三年了。 It is three years since she lived in Beijing.她三年不在北京住了。 ②It＋be＋时间段＋before从句，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才……”；主句中的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多久就……”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be时，before从句常用一般现在时。 It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.不久她就背会了那些诗歌。 It was not long before the police arrived.不久警察就到了。 It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过几小时他才能做决定。 ③It＋be＋时间＋when从句，主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be,when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。 It was already 8 o'clock when we got home.我们到家时已经八点了。 It was the next morning when we finished our work.次日凌晨我们才完成工作。 It will be midnight when they get there.他们要午夜才到达那里。 · 【特殊句式思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 单句语法填空 1．There is no ________ (say) whether he'll come. 2．It was him ________ inspired me to complete the tryout. 3．It is his sense of responsibility and devotion ________makes us admire him. 4．Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication，unless ________ ( handle) properly，may lead to serious results. 5．Only then ________ she realize how serious the situation had been. 6．The passengers on board were asked to fasten their seat belts as ________ (instruct) the moment they settled down. 7．It is only by listening to and understanding each other ____________ problems between parents and children can be settled. 8．Don’t play video games too often, for once _______(addict) to them, you will suffer later on. 9．and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精)! 10．Bicycles are a very common form of transport in the world. There________ (be) about one billion bicycles worldwide. 11．While ________ (fly) through the wind, it produced sound like the music produced by gu – zheng, which is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. 12．Evidence suggests that you can remove more germs(病菌)from your hands for this amount of time while ________ (wash)your hands. 13．Into the dark apartment ________ (walk) David，who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy birthday！” 14．I hope you'll visit China next month. If ________， I'd like to be your tour guide. 15．China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 16．It was not until I got home ________I found I had missed my wallet. 17．______ is much chance that Bill will recover himself in time for the race. 18．Here ________ (come) the announcement for the result of the sports meeting. 19．It wasn’t until nearly a month later ________ I received the manager’s reply. 20．It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. · 单句改错 1. When combining, the two methods can help us save much time and money. 2. When exposing to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious. 3. Video games can be a poor influence if leaving in the wrong hands. 4. Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home. 5. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century when his musical gift was fully recognized. 6. John opened the door. There stands a girl he had never seen before. 7. Strange although might it sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 8. Has he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. 9. Always keeping in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly. 10. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, don’t you? 11. It was with great joy which he found his lost daughter. 12. Have you ever dreamed of there such a good chance for further education abroad? 13. Attaching to the gift was a note on which he expressed his gratitude for our reception during his stay here. 14. There is no denying that it was drug use which badly damaged Houston's voice and ruined her life. 15. I firmly believe that the project, if being carried out according to the plan, will definitely work out well. 16. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do what makes life happy. 17. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor does he give it a thought. 18. If you go to Mount Tai, you will find it more magnificent than commonly supposing. 19. It was from the few supplies which she had bought from in the village which the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. 20. Of all the traditional festivals, it is the harvest festival which can be found in almost every culture. 课后反馈 演练 单句语法填空 1．While __________(discuss) the plan,  they found it practical. 2．The boy did nothing but_________(wait) for the police in the tree. 3．The hurricane caused more damage than_________(expect). 4．Though ____________ (injure) in the accident, the bus driver did all he could to help the passengers to safety. 5．Children, when ________（accompany） by the parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 6．Not until I returned________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 7．So touching________the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. 8．It’s not what you have in your life but________you have in your life that matters.   9．He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely________(can) he make ends meet 10．Only after one has become a parent________he realize how great his parents are.   单句语法填空 1．Never________it realistic for Europe to lay too much hope on China since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.   2．Only after Mary read her essay the second time________she notice the spelling mistake.   3．I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power,________then will there be peace in this world. 4．Not until he failed a second time________ he begin to take my advice seriously. 5．On ________ account should any money be given to a small child. 6．________call Nike when you arrive. Just come up to my house. I’ll be at home all day.(there) 7．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely. 8．In brief, it is one’s EQ ________plays an important part in one’s life. 9．Hard ________ it is, the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road. 10．When deeply ______(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. 【2024年新高考I卷】 （听力第6节：交际用语） Yeah, you cannot be too careful. （阅读理解D：省略句）When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. （阅读理解D：倒装句） But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. 【2024年新高考Ⅱ卷】 （阅读理解C：强调句）Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. （阅读理解C：倒装句）Also,  there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. （读后续写：倒装句）There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. 【2024年浙江卷1月】 （七选五：祈使句）Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. （完形填空：虚拟语气）It would have been easy torely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 【2024年全国甲卷】 （阅读理解A：祈使句）Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. （阅读理解A：祈使句+省略句）Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. （阅读理解D：虚拟语气）He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 【2023年新高考I卷】 （七选五：祈使句）don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. （书面表达：省略句）Besides, Students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with. 【2023年北京卷】 （阅读理解A：省略句）If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to work on a sport-based project. （阅读表达：省略句）Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re﹣evaluate what you get out of them (or don’t). 【2023年天津卷】 （情景交际）— Mike will announce his retirement from professional soccer next week. —________! He’s only 25 and still very fit. A．I don’t mind at all                                      B．I couldn’t agree more C．You will make it                                      D．You can’t be serious （情景交际）—Is Mr. Pearl available, please? — _________ . I'll just see if he is in the office. A．After you                          B．Hang on C．With pleasure                   D．Go ahead （情景交际）—Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier? ——_________ . I can finish the report on my own. A．Sure thing                        B．Help yourself C．Forget it                         D．That depends 【2023年全国甲卷】 （语法填空：倒装句）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message    46.intended   (intend) for everyone. （阅读理解:倒装句）there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. 【2023年全国乙卷】 （阅读理解B：虚拟语气）Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. （阅读理解C：强调句）It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. （阅读理解D：省略句）If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$