Unit2基础词汇、短语、句子知识点复习 2024-2025学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册

9A Unit2 一、词汇辨析 1.influence/affect/effect affect /influence/effect这三个词都有“影响”之义。 affect是一个动词，意思是“对……有影响”或“给……带来变化”。表示“影响”，指产生一种足以引起反应的影响，它有时只表示“对......发生影响”,不含有好坏的意思;有时表示“对......发生不良影响”。例如: Smoking affects health.吸烟影响健康。 Reading in bed has affected his eye-sight.躺在床上看书,影响了他的视力。 Some plants are quickly affected by cold.有些植物很快受到寒冷的的影响。 Does second hand smoke affect the health of all of us ? influence 表示“影响”、“感染”，是指思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响，也可以指好的影响，这种影响常是潜移默化的。例如: This example has great influence upon(on) young people.这个榜样对青年人有很大影响。 The weather influenced the crops.天气影响农作物。 effect 作为名词，表示“影响”、“效果”、“结果”。effect有时也可以作动词用，意为“执行”。 例如: The medicine had no effect on him.这药对他无效。 Study the cause and effect of the matter.要研究该问题的因果关系。 Only the president can effect such a change.只有总统能决定这样一种变化。 2. whether/if 连词if和whether意思是“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用if。如:Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week. 1、只用whether不用if的情况: ①与or/or not连用。Let me know whether you can come or not. ②位于句首时。Whether it is true or not, I can't tell. ③whether + to do something. I don't know whether to accept or refuse. ④介词后边。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ⑤whether可引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。 It was uncertain whether he would come. 2、当“如果”讲，引导条件状语从句的时候只用if不用whether. I will go out if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 3. as/because/since/for because, as, for, since这几个词都是表示“原因”的连词，语气由强至弱依次为：because→ since→ as→ for;其中because, since, as均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而for 是并列连词，引导并列句。 because表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，其语气最强。常用来回答why的提问，一般放于主句之后，也可以单独存在。如： I stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨我呆在家里。 在强调句型中，只能用because。如： It was because I missed the early bus that I was late for school. 我上学迟到是因为我没有赶上早班汽车。 since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为”、“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。如： (1)Since he asks you, you’ll tell him why. 他既然问你，那就告诉他为什么吧。 (2)Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧！ as是常用词，它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。如： (1)We all like her as she is kind. 我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。 (2)As I had a cold, I was absent from school. 因为我感冒了，所以没去上课。 for用作连词时，与because相似，但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交待过的情况。for不表示直接原因，表明附加或推断的理由，因此for被看作等立连词，它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部(或单独成为一个句子)，并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系，其间用逗号隔开，且for不可置于句首，for的这一用法常用在书面语中，较正式。如： (1)The days are short, for it is now December. 白天短了，因为现在已是十二月份。 (2)It must have rained, for the ground is wet. (从“地面潮湿”作出“下过雨”的推测，但地湿并不一定是下雨所致, for不可以换为because。) (3)The ground is wet because it has rained. (“下雨”是“地上潮湿”的直接原因。) 前后两个分句间有一定的因果关系时(有时很难区分是直接原因，还是推测性原因)，for与because可以互换使用。如： (4)I could not go, for / because I was ill. 我没能去，是因为我病了。 (5)He felt no fear, for / because he was a brave boy. 他没有害怕，因为他是个勇敢的男孩。 4. everyday/daily daily 可用作形容词(只作定语)或副词；daily 指“每日的”，指的是每 24 小时发生一次的，或指每日必然发生的。 everyday 只用作形容词(只作定语)；everyday 表示“每日的”、“普通的”，指普通或平常的事；用作副词的 daily 几乎与 every day(副词性短语)同义，两者常可换用，只是后者更口语化。如： Cooking dinners is her everyday job. 做饭是她每日的工作。 These are my everyday shoes, not my best ones. 这是我日常穿的鞋子，不是最好的。 We milk the cows twice daily [every day]. 我们每天给奶牛挤两次奶。 I practices everyday English every day.我每天都练习日常英语。 5. suggest/advise suggest vt. suggest (sb.) doing sth. n. suggestion（可数名词）a suggestion/many suggestions advise v. advise (sb.) to do sth. n. advice (不可数名词) a piece of advice/much advice 6. would rather/prefer ①would rather do sth. Andy would rather wear orange. ②prefer vt.=like better, preferred/preferring; prefer sth.= like sth.better /prefer A to B.= like A better than B. I prefer spring.= I like spring better. I prefer spring to summer.= I like spring better than summer. prefer to do sth. Andy prefers to wear orange. ③would rather do sth.= prefer to do sth. Amy would rather keep healthy.= Amy prefers to keep healthy. ④would rather do A than do B.= prefer doing A to doing B.= prefer to do A rather than do B.=like doing A better than doing B. “宁可干A这件事而不干B这件事。” Millie would rather go on a trip than stay at home. = Millie prefers going on a trip to staying at home. = Millie prefers to go on a trip rather than stay at home. = Millie likes going on a trip better than staying at home. 二、短语归纳及拓展（中考指南）： 1. would rather...than...宁愿……也不…… would rather do A than do B.= prefer doing A to doing B.= prefer to do A rather than do B.=like doing A better than doing B. 2. in the sky 在天空中 3. influence sb./sth.影响某人/某事 4.be painted/coloured blue被涂成蓝色 5.cheer sb. up (代词放中间) 使某人开心起来cheer you/me/him/her/us/them up 6. bring peace to the mind and body 给身心带来平静 =bring the mind and body peace 7. bring you success给你带来成功 = bring success to you 8. feel a little bit stressed 感到有一点压力 a little bit + adj.=a little + adj.= a bit+ adj. a little food= a bit of(=bits of) food= a little bit of food not a bit= not at all（一点儿都不） not a little=very much 9. make a decision 做决定 make a decision to do sth. =decide to do sth. 10. hope for success 希望成功 success n. successful adj. successfully adv. succeed v. 11. worry a lot担心太多 12.have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难have difficulty with sth. 13. promise you success 保证/承诺你成功promise sb.sth承诺某人某事 promise to do sth 承诺去做某事promise+that 从句 14. the power of colours颜色的力量 the colour of the sun/ the colour of purity/nature/envy/heat… 15.get sth.back (代词放中间)拿回某物 get it/them back 16.leave college大学毕业 17.improve one's life提高某人的生活 18.sth. look good on sb.某物穿在某人身上好看/sb.look good in sth.某人穿某物好看 19. a good match(n.)一个好的搭配 20.wear=be in=get/be dressed in...穿着…… 21.calm down 平静下来 22. in ancient China在古代中国 23.A match(v.) B A跟B搭配 24.suit sb.适合某人 suitable adj 25.the relationship between colors and moods颜色跟心情的关系 26.depend on personal taste取决于个人的爱好 27. be of help to sb=be helpful to sb对某人很有帮助be of + n.=be + adj. be of use= be useful; be of interest= be interesting; be of importance= be important; be of wisdom= be wise 28.take action 采取行动 take action to do sth. 补充： 29.make us feel happy or sad make sb. do sth.; feel + adj.; or表示选择。 30.create a warm and comfortable feeling 三、重要句型（中考指南） 1.There is nothing wrong with...……没什么毛病。(P20) There is nothing wrong with my watch. =Nothing is wrong with my watch. =There's not anything wrong with my watch. 2.Blue looks good on you. =You look good in blue.蓝色穿在你身上很好看。(P20) sth. looks good on sb. “某物穿在某人身上好看”= sb. looks good in sth. “某人穿某物好看” Try it on, it may look good on you. =Try it on, you may look good in it. 和颜色有个的短语： 1.) be in the red亏空，有赤字， 2.)be in the black (账户上)有钱, 有盈余 3.) a white lie善意的谎言 4.) white elephant无用而累赘的东西 5.) a yellow dog胆小鬼，卑鄙可耻的人 6.) a green hand新手 7.) black and blue遍体鳞伤 8.) I'm blue today. 我今天心情不好。 3. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow（特殊疑问句作动词know的宾语用陈述语序。）?你知道彩虹中有多少种颜色吗?(P21) 4.Blue represents sadness.蓝色代表忧伤。(P22) 5.Many women like to wear white on their wedding day.许多女士喜欢在她们结婚那天穿白色。(P22) 6. Have you ever walked into a room and felt relaxed?你曾经走进一个房间并感觉轻松吗?(P22) 7.Wearing red makes it easier for you to take action.穿红色使你更容易采取行动。(P23) Wearing red 动名词作主语。it作形式宾语，动词不定式to take action作真正的宾语。easier宾语补足语。take action 采取行动take action to do sth. We have to take action to stop them. 8. It can remind you of a warm day. =It can make you think of a warm day.它能使你想起温暖的一天。(P23) remind sb. of sth. = make sb. think of sth. “提醒；使想起” remind sb.(not) to do sth. You remind me of your father when you say that. = You make me think of your father when you say that. Your parents remind you not to be late for class. 9. This can help when you are having difficulty making a decision. 当你做决定有困难时这能帮助你。(P23) have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事费劲 He has difficulty in his studies. 他学习吃力。 make a decision 做出决定，下决心 There is no hurry to make a decision. 没有必要匆忙做出决定。 10. We promise that this method can help you change your moods, or you will get your money back.我们承诺这种方法能帮助你改变你的心情,否则你可以拿回你的钱。(P29) promise sb.sth承诺某人某事; promise to do sth 承诺去做某事promise+that 从句 句中的or是转折连词，意思是“否则”。Hurry up, or we'll be late. 11. Red and white are a good match.红色跟白色是很好的搭配。(P32) 用and连接的两个单词或短语作主语时，一般谓语用复数；但是如果用and连接的主语表示一个概念，谓语常用单数。如： John and Tom are playing basketball.约翰和汤姆正在打篮球。 A fork and knife is on the table.桌子上有一副刀叉。 句中的match用作名词，意思是“搭配”；match也可用作动词，意思是“与......相配，相一致”。 如：Her bag matched her shoes. 她的包很配她的鞋子。 补充： 12. In fact, colours can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. sleep v./n. 睡觉；sleepy adj. 困倦的，瞌睡的；asleep adj. 睡着的energy n. 精力 energetic adj. 精力充沛的 make+宾语+补足语，补足语为to do 时，省略to。I like him because he makes me laugh. 13. This article explains what colours can do and what characteristics they represent. 句中what colours can do和what characteristics they represent并列作explains的宾语。 14.I'd rather wear orange. would rather do sth. than do sth.“宁可干……而不干……” I would rather go tomorrow than today. 我宁愿明天去，不愿今天去。  若than前后动词相同，可省略than后的动词，只保留与than前面不同的成分。 四、语法知识 宾语从句 (Objective clauses) 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子； ★宾语从句结构 I: 主语+谓语动词+that+宾从(肯定句、否定句) 引导宾语从句的that没有词义，不充当句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中常常被省略。宾语从句可用于主句动词之后，如：know、think、believe、hope、mean；也可用于主句形容词之后，如：certain、sure、glad。 ★宾语从句结构 II: 主语+谓语动词+whether/if+宾从(一般疑问句，陈述语序) whether/if不可省略. 我们可用if或whether引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。连词if和whether的意思是“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用if。 ★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。 ★宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。 单项选择 1. Biden, ________ president of the USA, will visit Britain ________second time next month. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; a D. /; the 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：美国总统拜登将于下月再次访问英国。 考查冠词词义辨析。the定冠词，表示“特指”；a是不定冠词，常表示“泛指”。第一空根据空后“president of the USA”可知，此时“president of the USA”作Biden的同位语，表示的 是“官衔，职位”，即拜登是美国总统这个职位，因此前面不加冠词；第二空用不定冠词a，加序数词表示 “又一次，再一次”。故选C。 2. —How would you like your coffee? —I prefer coffee ________ milk. A. to B. in C. for D. with 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你想要什么样的咖啡？——我更喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。 考查prefer的用法。to不定式符号；in在……里面；for对于；with和……。此处是指加了牛奶的咖啡，故选D。 3. —What else should we pay attention to ________ building the bridge? —The change of the weather, I think. A. finishing B. finished C. to finish D. finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】考点：考查非谓语动词。 【详解】试题分析：句意：——为了完成大桥的建设我们还应该注意些什么？——天气的变化，我想。动词不定式短语用作目的状语。本题选C。 4. —Does your father like shopping? —No, he would rather some reading at home than around. A. to do; to walk B. do; to walk C. doing; walking D. do; walk 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你爸爸喜欢购物吗？——不，他宁愿在家里看书也不愿到处走走。 考查非谓语动词和固定句型。would rather do sth. than do sth.是固定句型，表示“宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事”都应该跟动词原形，本句的意思是“他宁愿在家读书，也不愿出去散步”。故选D。 5. Try not to depend on your parents often, for they can’t do ______ for you in your lifetime. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽量不要经常以来父母，因为他们不可能为你做你生命中的一切事情。 考查不定代词。A. something某事（物），常用于肯定句或表请求的疑问句中；B. anything任何事物，常用于否定句或疑问句中；C. everything一切，用于表示所有的事物；D. nothing没有什么，表示什么事物都没有。根据句意可推知是父母不可能你做一切事，用everything符合题意。故选C。 6. —It’s dangerous to walk across the street carelessly. —You’re right. We can’t be ________ careful while crossing the street. A. so B. very C. too D. more 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——粗心地走过马路是危险的。——你说的对。过马路时越小心越好。 考查副词的用法not…too …是固定搭配,意为“不论……都不过分”。故选C。 7. Time waits for no man. But some people won’t realize the importance of time ________it’s gone. A. as B. after C. when D. until 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：时间不等人。但是一些人直到时间走了才意识到它的重要性。 考查连词辨析。as当……；after……之后；when当……的时候；until直到……。根据“But some people won’t realize the importance of time...it’s gone”可知此处指直到失去才意识到时间的重要性。故选D。 8. My little cousin is a (an)_____boy and he always stays up late but gets up early. A. creative B. curious C. energetic D. organized 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的小表弟是一个精力充沛的男孩，他总是熬夜但早起。 考查形容词辨析。creative有创造力的；curious好奇的；energetic 精力充沛的；organized有组织的。根据he always stays up late but gets up early.睡得晚，但是起得早，说明精力充沛。故选C。 9. The Chinese government is strong and confident now and we are ready to _______new challenges. A. put on B. get on C. take on D. try on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：现在中国政府强大自信，我们准备迎接新的挑战。put on穿上；get on登上； take on承担，迎接；try on试穿。根据The Chinese government is strong and confident now可知中国政府强大自信，因此能承担新的挑战，故选C。 10. Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine and she has devoted all her life to________to be worth. A. proves B. prove C. proved D. proving 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国科学家屠呦呦获得2015年诺贝尔医学奖，她毕生致力于为人类提供有价值的东西。Aproves单三形式； Bprove动词原形； Cproved过去式； Dproving现在分词或动名词形式。devote all one’s life to doing sth毕生致力于做某事，故为动名词providing。故选D。 11. — you Daniel has to finish the report tonight. —Why not ask both? It will take much time. A. Either; or; B. Neither; nor C. Not only; but also D. Both; and 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：-或者你或者Daniel必须今天晚上完成这个报告。-为什么不让我们一起？会花费很多时间。Either…or或者…或者…；Neither…nor…既不…也不…；Not only…but also…不但…而且…；Both…and…两者都。根据句意可知，这里表示两者中的任何一个，故用Either…or…，连接并列的名词，作主语的时候，谓语动词用单数。故选A。 12. He didn’t say anything, but his silence was ________ his permission(同意). A. as good as B. as well as C. as long as D. as soon as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他没有说什么，但是他的沉默就如同他的默许一样。 考查as...as短语含义辨析。as good as和……一样；as well as和……一样好；as long as只要；as soon as一……就。根据but可知他没有说话，但沉默此时就和默许一样，故选A。 13. —I’ve made little progress in my English. I’m a bit worried. —It’s not easy. ________. A. Don’t mention it B. It is a piece of cake C. A miss is as good as a mile D. It takes time 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我在英语上没有取得什么进步。我有点担心。——不容易，这需要花点时间。 考查情景交际。Don’t mention it不客气；It is a piece of cake小菜一碟；A miss is as good as a mile失之毫厘，谬以千里；It takes time这需要时间。根据回答“It’s not easy.”可知，想要在英语上取得进步是不容易的，因此是需要花点时间的。故选D。 14 —Could you tell me ________? —It’s hard to say. It depends on the weather. A. how will we go to Sanwan Park B. when we drove to visit Yangzhou Expo 2021 C. what we may have in Fuchun Teahouse D. whether we will go for a picnic in Zhuyuwan Park 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们是否去竹峪湾公园野餐吗？——很难说。这取决于天气。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，从句的语序是陈述语序，故排除A选项；B项和C项不符合语境，根据“It’s hard to say. It depends on the weather.”可知，是否去野餐要看天气，所以使用whether引导的宾语从句。故选D。 15. —Betty began to look for a job before leaving college. —Really? That’s because he knows ________. A. practice makes perfect B. the early bird catches the worm C. a friend in need is a friend indeed D. many hands make light work 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：——Betty在离开大学之前就开始找工作了。——真的吗？那是因为他知道捷足先登。 考查常识和习语。practice makes perfect熟能生巧；the early bird catches the worm捷足先登；a friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情；many hands make light work人多力量大。根据上句“Betty began to look for a job before leaving college.”可知，应是因为他知道捷足先登。故选B。 完形填空 My life suffered a lot after my father’s death. I had to look after my sick mother and two younger brothers. As the eldest son, I had no choice but to quit school and work in a factory. A thread of hope flashed in those ___16___ days suddenly. It was a rainy dusk when I put myself in the rain and walked in the street. Suddenly the rain stopped! Confused, I raised my head, and found that “the sky” was in fact a dark blue ___17___. Then I heard a deep voice. “Why not run ___18___ an umbrella” A middle-aged man with one leg on crutch(拐杖) said to me, “If you run, you would get ___19___.” I shook my head, but after a second I thought: Right, ___20___? His words shocked me deeply. Without my father’s ___21___, could I only be a slave to the fate (命运)? While ___22___ together in the rain, I knew that he was a promoter from the city, and he received an order and spent ___23___ time on it. Looking at this guy, I had no pity but ___24___. I took the umbrella from his hand and he told me that he once had ___25___ of being a policeman, but an accident ___26___ his dream. Though his present work was demanding and did not suit for his ___27___, every outing was a wonderful start to him. He was glad that he didn’t ___28___ heart and still “ran” on the road of life. ___29___ by the man’s remarks, I went to a city in the south and became an insurance representative. After two years’ “running”, I got somewhere and my family turned better gradually. Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella! When you ___30___ the rainy season of your life, there will be bright sky ahead of you. 16. A. dark B. bright C. white D. colorful 17. A. hat B. raincoat C. jacket D. umbrella 18. A. with B. without C. for D. to 19. A. less wet B. warmer C. drier D. less cold 20. A. why not B. or what C. so what D. who knows 21. A. praise B. attention C. comfort D. protection 22. A. speaking B. wandering C. jogging D. walking 23. A. much B. no C. little D. some 24. A. envy B. care C. love D. admiration 25. A. approved B. known C. dreamed D. spoken 26. A. stopped B. proved C. supported D. confirmed 27. A. hand B. foot C. arm D. leg 28. A. take B. lose C. change D. gather 29. A. Excited B. Frightened C. Encouraged D. Shocked 30. A. run into B. run across C. run away with D. run out of 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【分析】作者在文中通过自己的故事揭示一个人生感悟：当度过了人生的雨季，前方会有灿烂的天空。 【详解】1.句意：在那些黑暗的日子里，一丝希望突然闪现出来。 dark黑暗的，昏暗的；bright光明的；white白色的；colorful丰富多彩的。根据“My life suffered a lot after my father’s death.”可知，作者经历的是“黑暗的日子”。故选A。 2.句意：困惑的我抬起头，发现“天空”其实是一把深蓝色的雨伞。 hat帽子；raincoat雨衣；jacket夹克；umbrella雨伞。根据文中“Why not run...an umbrella?”可知，这里的“天空”指的是一把深蓝色的“雨伞”。故选D。 3.句意：没有雨伞为什么不跑呢？ with具有、带有；without不用、不拿、不带；for（表示对象、用途等）给、对、供；to朝、向、往。根据文中“Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella!”可知，这里表示“不拿、不带”。故选B。 4.句意：如果你跑，你就不会那么湿。 less wet不那么湿；warmer更暖和；drier更干燥；less cold不那么冷。根据文中“It was a rainy dusk...”及“If you run”可知，这里表示“不那么湿”。故选A。 5.句意：我摇了摇头，但过了一会儿我想：是的，为什么不跑呢？ why not为什么不；or what还是怎样；so what 那又怎么样；who knows谁知道。根据文中“Why not run...”可知，作者在这里拷问自己的内心：“为什么不呢”。故选A。 6.句意：没有爸爸的庇护，我只能成为命运的奴隶吗？ praise赞扬；attention注意；comfort安慰；protection保护。根据文中“my father’s death”可知，这里表示“保护”。故选D。 7.句意：走在雨中的时候，我知道他是城市的推动者…… speaking说话；wandering游荡，闲逛；jogging 慢跑；walking走路，步行。根据文中“...when I put myself in the rain and walked in the street.”可知，作者遇到了那个中年人后，他们一起在雨中“走”，并了解对方。故选D。 8.句意：……他接到一个命令，而且他在这个命令上花了很多时间。 much很多；no不，没有；little不多，少许；some一些。根据连词“and”可知，上下文之间是顺承关系，所以这里表示“花了很多时间”。故选A。 9.句意：看着这家伙，我没有怜悯，只有钦佩。 envy羡慕，忌妒；care关心；love爱；admiration钦佩。根据句子结构可知，作者对这个人抱着一种与“pity”恰好相反的态度，即：“钦佩”。故选D。 10.句意：……他告诉我他曾经梦想当一名警察…… approve赞成，同意；known知道；dreamed梦想；spoken说话。根据文中“ but an accident...his dream.”及介词“of”可知，这里考查dream of doing sth.，“梦想做某事”。故选C。 11.句意：……但一场意外使他的梦想破灭了。 stopped停止，中断；proved证明，证实；supported支持；confirmed确认。根据连词“but”可知，这里表示“梦想破灭”。故选A。 12.句意：虽然他现在的工作要求很高，不适合他的腿…… hand手；foot脚，足；arm手臂；leg腿。根据文中“A middle-aged man with one leg on crutch(拐杖) said to me...”可知，“他的腿”不适合这份工作。故选D。 13.句意：他很庆幸他没有失去信心…… take拿走，取走；lose失去；change改变，变化；gather收集，聚集。根据文中“still ‘ran’ on the road of life”可知，这里考查lose heart，“失去信心”。故选B。 14.句意：在这个人的话的鼓舞下，我去了南方的一个城市，成为了一名保险代理人。 excited使兴奋；frightened使惊吓，使惊恐；encouraged激励，鼓动；shocked使……震惊。根据下文“I went to a city in the south and became an insurance representative.”可知，作者受到了“激励”才能成为一名保险代理人。故选C。 15.句意：当你度过了人生的雨季，前方会有灿烂的天空。 run into遇到（问题、困难等），陷入（困境）；run across偶遇，碰见；run away with（想象、情绪等）失去控制；run out of用完，耗尽。根据文中“A thread of hope flashed in those...days suddenly.”可知，当度过了人生的低谷期，“前方会有灿烂的天空”，所以这里表示“耗尽”。故选D。 阅读理解 A Grain(谷物) Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer, and the temperature rises much higher than it does in March. With dry soil and heavy winds, sandstorms may happen more often. There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain. Spring tea during Grain Rain is good for the eyes. It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad luck. People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable toona sinensis during Grain Rain. An old Chinese saying goes “toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk”. The vegetable is good for the stomach. The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated by fishing villages in northern China. Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen’s first voyage of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago. 31. What season starts when Grain Rain ends? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Fall. D. Winter. 32. What do the people in southern China do on the day of Grain Rain? A. They often fly a kite. B. They often eat toona sinensis. C. They often drink tea. D. They often start the first voyage. 33. We can infer that “toona sinensis” must be a kind of vegetable which ________. A. can bring good luck B. is a type of medicine C. grows at the seaside D. is delicious and healthy 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了谷雨时节的一些风俗习惯。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Grain(谷物) Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer”可知，谷雨落在春末夏初之间，所以谷雨结束时夏天开始了，故选B。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain.”可知，在中国南方，人们有一个古老的习俗，那就是在谷雨这一天喝茶。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“An old Chinese saying goes ‘toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk’. The vegetable is good for the stomach.”可知，香椿是很好的蔬菜，对胃有好处，故选D。 B Peng Liyuan, wife of our Chinese President Xi Jinping, has become a surprise style with her native fashion taste. “It’s the first time that China’s first lady appears like a modern woman. I think she dressed very well, with taste and confidence. And the colours she preferred are so suitable.” said Zhang Yu, editor (编辑) of China’s Vogue magazine. Here is the colour which our first lady wore on the US state banquet (国宴) on Sept 23rd, 2015. What’s the meaning of the colour? Here has been enlisted below. TURQUOISE Turquoise is a mixture of blue and green, which is a comfortable and charming colour. This colour helps surface the deep thoughts of the heart and mind. It also has curing qualities for both the body and mind. It is also a feminine (有女性气质的) colour with a sweet feeling. The Power of Turquoise This colour has the power to add and awaken the energies and spirit. It clears the mind for thought during times of stress. Turquoise makes it useful in times when one needs to make a good decision. It can also create a balanced mind, comfortable atmosphere and energy. It also attracts good luck and fortune. Cultural Symbolism of Turquoise ✻ In Persia, this colour was used to keep away from evil spirits. ✻ In many cultures, it was a symbol of luxury (奢华) and wealth, and was used extensively to make jewellery. 34. Zhang Yu said the colors Peng Liyuan preferred are . A. wealthy B. luxury C. energetic D. suitable 35. Peng Liyuan wore turquoise during her visit to USA because the following reasons except . A. turquoise is Peng’s favourite colour B. turquoise attracts good luck and fortune C. turquoise can help calm down both body and mind D. turquoise creates a comfortable and charming feeling 36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. In many cultures, turquoise is a symbol of luxury and wealth. B. Peng Liyuan seems powerful because of the colour she wears. C. It’s the first time that China’s first lady appears like a modern woman. D. Turquoise makes it useful in times when one needs to make a good decision. 37. Where can we read this article? A. In a science fiction. B. In a story book. C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a history book. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了中国国家主席习近平夫人彭丽媛穿衣风格成为一种时尚的风格。文中介绍了她穿的宝石绿这种颜色所表达的含义。 【34题详解】 D 细节理解题。根据And the colours she preferred are so suitable.可知张宇说彭丽媛更喜欢的颜色是适合，故选D。 【35题详解】 A 细节理解题。根据This colour has the power to add and awaken the energies and spirit. It clears the mind for thought during times of stress. Turquoise makes it useful in times when one needs to make a good decision. It can also create a balanced mind, comfortable atmosphere and energy. It also attracts good luck and fortune.可知彭丽媛在去美国访问期间穿宝石绿的衣服，是因为这种颜色能唤醒能量，能让头脑清醒，它还可以创造一个平衡的头脑、舒适的气氛和能量，它也能带来好运。故选A。 【36题详解】 B 推理判断题。根据This colour has the power to add and awaken the energies and spirit.可知宝石绿这种颜色能增加和唤醒精力和精神，而不是因为这种颜色衣服让她似乎强大了，故选B。 【37题详解】 C 推理判断题。根据Peng Liyuan, wife of our Chinese President Xi Jinping, has become a surprise style with her native fashion taste.可知本文介绍了彭丽媛穿的衣服让她本土时尚的品味成为了一种令人惊讶的时尚，因此这篇文章应可以在一本时尚杂志里看到。故选C。 【点睛】根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题1，根据And the colours she preferred are so suitable.可知张宇说彭丽媛更喜欢的颜色是适合，故选D。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$