广东省廉江实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷

廉实 2023-2024 学年第一学期期末试卷 高二英语 第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分) 第一节(共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分) A Understanding Financial Aid for College： AGuide Many families are shocked by a college's sticker price. While the cost of tuition can be overwhelming， financial aid can make higher education more affordable. Here are a few answers to common financial aid questions. What Are the Different Types of Financial Aid? There are two types of aid： need-based and merit-based. Need-based aid is determined by a family's demonstrated ability to pay for college. Merit aid， on on the other hand，can be awarded by an institution，college or private organization to a student for a specific talent or an athletic or academic ability. These awards aren't based on financial need. How Do I Apply for Financial Aid? You need to file the Free Application for Federal Student Aid， known as the FAFSA. This application is used by many state agencies and schools to determine college aid. This is usually based on their household income as reported on federal income taxes. Some schools mostly private colleges --- use a form called the CSS Profile to determine how to give out their own funds. This form is more detailed than the FAFSA and can be more time-consuming to complete. For instance， the CSS Profile takes into account assets (资产) that are excluded on the FAFSA， as well as information about medical or additional educational expenses. The initial submission fee for the CSS Profile is $25；each additional report is $16. WhenWill I Receive a Financial Aid Award Letter? Financial aid award letters typically go out to college-bound students in early spring usually shortly after they receive a college acceptance offer. 1. Who are most likely to receive merit-based financial aid? A.Students who excel in sports. B. Students struggling academically. C. Students with great financial need. D. Students active in community service. 2. How does the CSS Profile differ from the FAFSA? A. It is a less complicated form. B. It charges less for application. C. It is more widely used among colleges. D. It digs deeper into the family's finances. 3. When do students typically receive their financial aid award letters? A. Right after they register for college. B. During their first semester in college. C. Between admission and the start of college. D. Before receiving a college acceptance letter. B Not all heroes wear capes (斗篷) and Steve Montelongo proved the statement. While he doesn't consider himself a hero， he has saved the lives of three people during the last two decades. The 80-year-old man was in the right place at the right time，when he pulled a man out of his sinking car after he had accidentally driven into a river. Montelongo jumped to the man's help without any hesitation (犹 豫) or regard to his own health. The accident happened while the elderly man was taking his granddaughter home after a dentist's (牙 医)appointment. They had stopped at a traffic light when the girl saw the car fall into the river. Montelongo got out of his car to check out the scene and instantly noticed that water had begun rushing into the vehicle of the trapped driver. He walked into the river and managed to open the automobile's back door， which fortunately was unlocked. As the water began to rush into the car faster，the 80-year-old managed to pull the 62-year-old Jack Swarts from the car by his shirt. He later said in an interview ---“I don’t consider myself a hero. I was just a man that got put in the right place at the right time”--- words from a genuine modern-day good person. This， however， wasn’t Montelongo's only act of heroism. Nearly 20 years ago， he helped two of his neighbors get to safety as their house was caught in a fire. He was 62 years old at the time and had to kick open his neighbor's front door to pull out 80-year-old Kathime Mattox and 79-year-old Wayne Maxwell. During the rescue，Montelongo suffered chest pains and had to be hospitalized but made a quick recovery. He was awarded the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission medal for this bravery and act of heroism. 4. What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 mean? A. Everyone wants to be a hero. B. Ordinary people can be heroes. C. Heroes deserve to be praised. D. Heroes have to wear special clothes. 5. How did Montelongo save Jack Swarts? A. By pulling him out of the car. B. By managing to restart the car. C. By giving him first aid treatment. D. By clearing the car of water. 6. What can we infer about Montelongo from his words in the interview? A. He is smart. B. He is modest. C. He is courageous. D. He is responsible. 7. What can we learn from Montelongo's story? A. A hero is a man of confidence. B. Care plays an important part of courage. C. For what they ought to do， such a person is brave. D. The most terrible enemy is the lack of strong faith. C Scream if you want to charge your phone. Thanks to the wonders of science， riders on Thorpe Park's new attraction， a roller coaster called The Walking Dead， can now power their smart phones by screaming loudly. That's because there are devices on it that“harvest kinetic energy (动能 )”. The park conducted research which shows that people's biggest fear is their phones running out of battery， so the device should prove popular. All of the Walking Dead's carriages have been fitted with the harvesting devices， which not only harvest the energy of screams，but that from g-force and vibrations (振动) of the ride， too. It is stored in a power management unit. The unit is then removed from the carriages by staff in the park and deposited into an on-site mobile charging point where ride goers will charge their devices. 3.The 188m 88mm x 67mm energy harvester is jet black， blending into its dark and mysterious surroundings on the roller coaster themed around the global TV shows. Thorpe Park said：“If thrill-seekers are brave enough to open their eyes， they will see a set of LED lights in blood red powering up as guests' screams become louder... throughout the 90-second experience.” Designed and installed by researchers at Queen Mary University London and the engineering team at Thorpe Park Resort， the technology took three months to be carried out， from design to installation. It will be available at the theme park for an initial trial period. Thorpe Park Resort's John Burton，who came up with the ride concept， said，“The Walking Dead's ride is 15 out of 10 on the scare factor scale， so it makes sense to be able to combine and use the power of our visitors' screams and the ride's vibrations to help solve a problem each and every one of us faces--- losing the charge on our mobiles when we're on a day out.”” Dr Joe Briscoe， School of Engineering and Materials Science at Queen Mary University of London， said “This is an exciting concept that will undoubtedly be used more frequently in the future. The system uses a mini energy harvester to capture the kinetic energy， transferring it to a separate electrical circuit and storage unit，which is enough to charge a mobile phone.” 8. Where could ride goers easily get their phones charged? A. At the carriage. B. At the charging point. C. At the LED light. D. At the energy harvester. 9. Why does John Burton consider the concept workable? A. Because a mini energy harvester is applied. B. Because The Walking Dead is most frightening. C. Because the park has quite a number of scary rides. D. Because almost everyone will be faced with power failure. 10. What's Dr Joe Briscoe's attitude toward the technology? A.Neutral. B.Doubtful. C. Favorable D. Disapproving. 11. What's the main idea of the text? A. A new battery for powering your phone is invented. B. Visitors’ scream in Thorpe Park can be used to charge the phone. C. The conventional method of charging your phone is gradually outdated. D. The most effective way of charging your phone has been found in Thorpe Park. D Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的)damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制 ) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected， avoiding passing on faulty DNA. Plants have small populations of stem cells(干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots， which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However， any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant's life， which could last thousands of years. Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots， safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski， funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council，aimed to cover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals， they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells. When DNA damage occurs， the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die， preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells， which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer. The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. . So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science's response to climate change. 12. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants? A. To produce more roots and shoots. B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant. C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake. D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on. 13. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text? A. They are resistant to environmental stresses. B. They make quick response to DNA damage. C. They are plentiful in quantity to some extent. D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA. 14. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Existence B.Change. C. Spread. D. Self-repair. 15.What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The method of dealing with climate change on the earth. B. The importance of discovering the protective system in plants C. The way of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress. D. The necessity of developing plants that can handle environmental stress. 第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You may not get enough physical activity throughout the day， especially since sitting still is required or encouraged in many jobs， at school， and in social situations. But there’s something you should know. 16 . Read to learn whether you might be classified as inactive or sedentary (久坐的). What counts as being physically inactive? While there is no strict definition of what can be considered a sedentary lifestyle， researchers have a few different measures to assess what a sedentary lifestyle is. One measure is the time an individual spends seated during waking hours. ___17___. Some other researchers label people inactive or sedentary if they take fewer than 5，000 steps per day. Is physical inactivity dangerous? ___18___ It can also affect the way the body processes fats and sugars in the diet and lead to some weight gain if you aren’t burning enough calories. Over the long term， sedentary lifestyles increase the risk of death from heart disease and cancer. How can you prevent being inactive? Health authorities recommend exercise at a medium level for either 30 minutes a day for five days a week or a total of 2 hours and 30 minutes per week. 19 . It can work to break up sitting time and add steps hourly throughout the day. A pedometer or fitness band can show you whether you are getting enough steps. Many people aim to take 10. 000 steps per day， which indicates that you have met your daily physical activity goal. 20 , but the value of being more physically active is worth it for its many benefits. A. There are many options for exercise B. Walking is an easy activity to add to your day C. Fixing a sedentary lifestyle takes some conscious effort a D. Being physically inactive or sedentary can increase health risks E. In the short term， being inactive can increase depression or anxiety F. Simply walking more or doing household chores positively impacts health G. Spending four to six waking h hours sitting or lying down is considered sedentary 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30分） 第一节(共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Liam Garner was just 17 years old when he started out on his big adventure---a 20.000 mile bike trip from Alaska to Argentina. In early January， he finally 21 his trip， 17 months after he started. He had a tent，a sleeping bag，a phone，a first-aid kit，and some 22 parts for his bike. Other than some 23 water， he didn’t have much else. Initially， his parents were 24 ， but they became his biggest supporters as he traveled south along the West Coast， 25 Mexico by December. ___26___up with a friend， Logan， they overcame 27 like a bike accident， extreme heat， and even robbery in Colombia. In Mexico， they considered 28 because the incredible heat made biking extremely difficult. But things 29 once they reached Central America， and they decided to keep going. Without being disheartened，Liam pressed on through rain， sun，heat， cold，deserts and mountains. Finally， on 30 6th，2023， he reached Ushuaia， Argentina， completing his 31 journey. Now， accompanied by his girlfriend， Liam is 32 home to California， fueled by ambition to 33 a book detailing his incredible adventure. He dreams of 34 others to start their own adventures， highlighting that everyone is capable of amazing achievements； the 35 is building confidence to attempt the extraordinary. 21.A.continued B. planned C. finished D. proceeded 22. A. extra B. spare C. protective D.attractive 23.A.maps B. bags C. wine D. food 24.A.uneasy B. .unwilling C.uncomfortable D.unbelievable 25.A.surviving B. reaching C.escaping D. touring 26. A. Putting B.Teaming C.Coming D. quitting 27. A. challenges B.disadvantages C. Injuries D.disasters 28. A. complaining B. pausing C.approaching D. quitting 29. A. counted down B. cooled down C. put down D. broke down 30.A. January B. February C. March D. April 31.A. bearable B. enjoyable C. remarkable D. considerable 32.A. backpacking B.leaving C. rushing D. tracking 33.A. read B. buy C.record D. pen 34. A. telling B. pushing C. sharing D. motivating 35. A. . puzzle B. key C. tool D. product 第二节(共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to addictive foods and foods which are more than worthy of being spread all over social media Chinese sugar painting deserves some time in the spotlight. Sugar painting is 36 conventional Chinese form of folk art. Hot liquid sugar is used 37 (create) two dimensional figures like small animals. Sugar art is pretty popular ____38___children，but it's beautiful enough to attract just about anyone. Hot sugar is poured slowly in a thin line from a small spoon onto a flat surface usually made of metal and the outline of the figure 39 (draw) with a relatively thick stream of sugar. After the main outline is done， thinner 40 (support) strings of sugar are placed to support the outline and fill in the figure of the body in a 41 (combine) of swirls， zig-zags or other patterns. The whole design is held by a wooden stick. Customers 42 (traditional) spin(旋转) an arrow on a wheel， which lands on a certain figure 43 (inspire) by nature or wildlife in forms like a dragon, fish, monkey, dog, bird or flower basket. This ancient Sichuan art form might not be as common as it once was， 44 it still has the power to interest tourists 45 come across talented street artists making these amazing creations. 第三部分 课本单词填空（满分 30分） 根据首字母，应用选必修一（Unit3-5) 和选必修二的单词填空，每空填一词，填入后确保句子语义通 顺，形式正确。（共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 46. The roof c_______________(倒塌)under the weight of snow. 47. At the age of five he showed e_______________(杰出的) talent as a musician. 48. It was hard to d_______________(辨别)one twin from the other. 49. Now that the problem has been identified， a_______________(合适的))action can be taken. 50. We are working on the a_______________(假设) that everyone invited will turn up. 51. There was a general e_______________(期望) that he would win. 52. It seemed i_______________(不可思议的))that she had been there a week already. 53. Even in small companies， computers are an e_______________(必不可少的)tool. 54. His wife a_______________(陪伴) him on the trip last year. 55.I s_______________(真诚地) believe that this is the right decision. 56.The h_______________(最重要的部分) of my day used to be cooking Meg a meal when she came 57. The weather was damp and f_______________(有雾的)after the snow. 58.We s_______________(订阅)) to several sports channels every year. 59.My a_______________(助手) will now demonstrate the machine in action. 60.My i_______________(最初的)1reaction was to decline the offer. 第四部分 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分 15分) 学校是教育学生节约粮食的主阵地，你校为了提高学生珍惜粮食的意识举办了一系列的活动。假定你 是校英语报的记者，请你为校英语报写一篇活动报道，内容包括：1.活动过程；2.活动反响。 注意：1、词数 80词左右： 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节(满分 25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jeff and I had many conversations during the year, but I will always remember the time he told me about his family. His father. a successful physician, was cold and strict in Jeff's words. His father had even paved the way for Jeff to attend the same college from which he had graduated. Jeff was twenty-seven and a successful business planner at a company-without a degree. His passion was skiing. When he graduated from high school， he decided to decline his father's offer and， instead， to work with a ski patrol(滑雪巡逻队). With pain in his eyes, Jeff told me he still remembered the day when he told his father he was going to give up college and take a job at a ski resort. Hearing Jeff's decision， his father looked off into the distance. Then came the words that still echoed in Jeff's mind：“You lazy kid. No son of mine is going to work with a ski patrol and does not attend college. I should have known you'd never amount to anything!”The two had not spoken since that conversation. Later，he was back in the area near where he grew up and he certainly did not want his father to know he was attending college. He was doing this for himself， not for his father. He said it over and over again. Jeff's sister had always remained supportive of Jeff's decisions. She stayed in contact with their father， but Jeff had made her promise that she would not share any information about his life with him. The day when the graduation ceremony came, I walked around talking to people before it tarted. I noticed a man with a confused expression. “Excuse me，” he said as he politely approached me. “What is happening here today? “It’s graduation day and the graduates are waiting for receiving diplomas(毕业文凭)，” I replied， smiling. “Well, that’s odd,” he said. "my daughter asked me to meet her at this address." His eyes sparkled and he smiled. “Maybe she completed her associate's degree and wanted to surprise me!" I helped him find a seat. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph I： As I left him, he said, “Thank you. By the way, my name’s Dr Holasrom.” Paragraph 2： Jeff was the last person to cross the stage for his diploma. 参考答案 1—3 ADC 4—7 BABC 8--12 BCCB 13--15 DBCB 16--20DGEBC 21—25 CBDAB 26—30 BADBA 31—35 CADBC 36. a 37. to create 38. with 39. is drawn 40. supporting 41. combination 42. traditionally 43. inspired 44. but 45. who/that 46. collapsed 47. excellent 48. distinguish 49. appropriate 50. assumption 51. expectation 52. incredible 53. essential 54. accompany 55. sincerely 56. highlight 57. foggy 58. subscribe 59. assistant 60. initial 作文 略 读后续写 略