Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Learning About Language The -ing form used as subject Discovering Useful Structures 1.To master the basic grammar rules of V-ing form as the subject.(掌握V-ing形式做主语的基本语法规则。) 2. To understand the grammar rule of “It” as formal subject. （理解It作形式主语的语法规则。） 3.动词-ing的时态和语态 4. Put what has been taught into practice. （把所学到的运用到实践中去。） Learning goals: 3 Smoking抽烟, Parking停车, Spitting吐痰, Littering乱丢垃圾… Have you ever seen these signs? -ing forms Lead in(free talk) What is the meaning of these sign words? 动词-ing形式 动词-ing形式, 由“动词原形 + ing”构成, 是动词非谓语的一种形式, 包括现在分词和动名词两种, 在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。 Review Summary for the functions of V-ing form V-ing form 动名词 现在分词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 定语 表语 状语 宾补 Playing with fire is dangerous. Jim likes jumping in muddy puddles. Her idea is building up a new company. People living there are quite friendly. He really needs a washing machine. The performance was really amazing. Laughing and talking, they went in. I love to watch her performing on the stage. Identify the function of the -ing Form The -ing Form as the— Examples It was great fun enjoying the relaxing time! I just can’t take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere. She's thinking about suggesting alternative methods for reducing energy consumption in our community. You look amazing today. The most important thing is getting there in time. She heard someone knocking at the door. You have kept me waiting the whole morning. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. predicative（表语） attributive（定语） object complement （宾补） adverbial （状语） subject (主语） object (宾语） 1.I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. (P1) 2.Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (P1) 3.Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m.(P1) 4....and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.(P3) 5.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.(P4) 6.Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. (P4) Find out the V-ing forms and tell the functions. (定语) (主语) (状语) (宾语补语) (主语) ( 状语) 10 Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (Para. 1) 2. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. (Para. 1) 3. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the walley below. (Para. 1) subject adverbial adverbial What is the function of the V-ing form in each sentence? Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) 11 4. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. (Para. 2) 5. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. (Para. 2) 6. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. (Para. 2) adverbial predicative subject Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) 12 7. For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. (Para. 3) 8. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. (Para. 3) subject adverbials Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) 13 9. For example, this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire, dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent. (Para. 3) 10. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. (Para. 4) object complement subject Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) 14 11. Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. (Para. 4) 12. Standing at the edge of the mountain, watching the Rapa River flow through the valley below, I feel so blessed to be alive and have this rare opportunity to explore this unique territory, which is almost unknown to the outside world. (P27 Ex. 5) adverbials adverbials Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) 15 13. She's considering joining the study group. 14. Despite the criticism, the author went on writing her novel, determined to see it through to the end. 15. The newly arrived package, containing rare artifacts from ancient civilizations, was carefully unpacked by the museum staff. object Identify the function of the -ing Form (P26 ~ P27) object attributive 16 动词-ing 形式的时态和语态 完成句子 ①琳达已经被我的狗咬了，所以她拒绝再和我玩。 _____________________by my dog made Linda reufse to play with me again. ②有时候被惩罚是一件好事。 Sometimes _________________ may be a good thing. being punished Having been bitten 1. ____________(bite) by snakes can be vital to people. 2. __________ (see) different families having fun together in nature in spring is a common thing. 3. _______________(invite) to the evening party is a great honor for me. 4. _____________ (tell) that you would dance to the pop song, Little Apple, made me excited. Being bitten Seeing Being invited Being told 【练一练】 18 动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not, 带有逻辑主语时，not 应放在逻辑主语和-ing 形式之间。 Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research. Not having done his homework makes the teacher angry. Your schoolmate’s not coming home in time made her parents worried. (1) ______________________________(没买那条贵裙子) causes the couple to quarrel.   (2) _____________________(未能通过考试)made him disturbed.   Not buying the expensive dress Not passing the exam 【练一练】 20 Listen to a song--Red Lead-in Loving him is like driving a new Maserati down a dead end street Faster than the wind, passionate as sin, ending so suddenly him is like trying to change your mind once you're already flying through the free fall Like the colors in autumn so bright just before they lose it all him was blue, like I'd never known him was dark gray, all alone him was like trying to know somebody you never met But loving him was red him was red Touching him was like realizing all you ever wanted was right there in front of you Memorizing him was as easy as knowing all the words to your old favorite song Fighting with him was like trying to solve a crossword and realizing there's no right answer Regretting him was like wishing you never found out that love could be that strong Loving Losing Missing Forgetting Loving Taylor Swift what’s in common? why and how to use it? 1. can bring you into different world. (参观主题公园) Visiting theme parks Team work 2. is a good way to relax.(旅游) Travelling 3. (读书) can make us know more knowledge. Reading 4. makes our body strong. (打篮球) Playing basketball 1. Visiting theme parks can bring you into different world. 2. Travelling is a good way to relax. 3. Reading can make us know more knowledge. 4. Playing basketball makes our body strong. V-ing form used as the Subject (动词-ing形式作主语) The -ing form as the subject 动词-ing形式作主语 25 v-ing作主语的意义 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. -ing形式作主语，相当于一个名词, 多指抽象、概念性的动作，经常性或习惯性行为。 动词-ing作主语的几种形式： 单个动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词使用________形式。但是意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时,谓语动词要用_________形式。  单数 复数 ⑴ Talking is easier than doing. ⑵ Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language. ⑶ Listening to the English tapes and watching English films are good ways to learn English. 1. -ing形式直接放在句首，表示抽象的、经常的以及习惯性的动作或状态。 Practice Wasting a person’s time _____(be) the same as killing him for his property. Watching news on TV ______(have) become a routine for me Knowing what it is and understanding why it is so (be) quite different. Being addicted to online games ______(be) a waste of life. is are is has It is no good/use doing... 做...是没用的。 It is no fun doing… 做...没有乐趣。 It is a waste of time doing… 做…是浪费时间 It is worthwhile doing… 做...是值得的。 此类句式常见的有: 2. 有时为了句子平衡，避免头重脚轻, 用it在句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语(动词-ing短语)后置。 注意：此类句型只限于以上某些形容词或少数名词,如: worthwhile, a waste of time, no use/ good/ fun 等。 It is worth reading such a wonderful novel. 这么好的书很值得一读。 It’s no use complaining without taking action. 不行动只抱怨是没有用的。 注意：动名词作主语用it 充当形式主语的情况很少，上表中是最常见的句式结构。 不定式作主语时，常用it 充当形式主语，如： It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well. 学好一门外语不容易。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work in a week. 对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。 1. Being addicted to smartphones is a waste of time. 2. Arguing about such things is no good. 3. Taking part in this activity is worthwhile. It’s a waste of time being addicted to smartphones. It’s no good arguing about such things. It’s worthwhile taking part in this activity. 同义句转换 Practice 1. (talk) is easier than doing. 2. Learning new words (be) very important for me. 3.It is no use ______________(manage) to convince him now; he has already made up his mind. 4. It was a waste of time _________ (cry) about the lost opportunity. 5. It's fun________( play) with you, but I have to go now. 6. It’s worthwhile ___________(try) this new method. Talking crying playing trying managing is There is no doing sth. 该句型一般指无法或不被允许。 There is no denying that actions speak louder than words. 3. “There is + no”后可用-ing形式作主语，表示“没法…; 不允许…”。 不可否认，事实胜于雄辩。 eg. ①There is/was no point(意义) doing 干…无意义 ②There is no sense in doing 做…没有道理 ③There is no denying... 不可否认的是...... There is no point (in) keeping on writing diary. 坚持写日记是没有意义的。 动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语时有两种形式: 1.形容词性 　　　　+动词-ing形式; 2.　　　 　+动词-ing形式。 4. 动词-ing的复合结构作主语 物主代词 名词所有格 1. Their failing in the examination made them all disappointed. 2. Kate’s leaving made everyone sad. 【练一练】 (1) ____________________made his teacher very angry.   他又一次迟到使他的老师非常生气。 (2) is a great help to his family. 麦克回来工作对他全家来说都是一大帮助。 His being late again Mike’s returning to work Delivering newspapers is his job. 送报纸是他的工作。 To deliver newspapers is his job today. 送报纸是他今天的工作。 动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作, 不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做（将来）的动作。 动词-ing与动词不定式作主语的区别 To look after children is her job today. 她今天的工作是看孩子。 Looking after children is her work. 她的工作是看孩子。 35 动词-ing形式作主语 表示经常性或习惯性的动作且常放句首 形容词性物主代词+动词-ing 名词所有格+动词-ing 动词-ing 作 主 语 动词-ing的复合结构 It’s a waste time doing sth It’s no use/no good/ useless doing sth It’s worthwhile doing sth it 作形 式主语 动词原形+-ing 基本构成 基本用法 动词-ing与动词不定式作主语的区别 Summary 36 小结： 动词-ing形式和不定式都可以用作_______。动词-ing形式往往表 示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态,而不定式常表示某次具体的行为或将来。  2. 如果作主语的动词表示被动意义,那么使用____________作主语。 3. 动词-ing的否定形式是在其前面直接加上_____,带有逻辑主语时， not 应放在逻辑主语和-ing 形式之间。 主语 being done not 时态 / 语态 主动 语态 被动语态 复合结构 否定式 V-ing 一般式 doing being done sb / sb’s doing sb / sb’s not doing sb / sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done Test for goals 一、单句语法填空。 1. ____________ (run) is not only beneficial to our health but also friendly to the environment. 2. ____________ (invite) to the party is a great honour for the whole family. 3. Not ____________ (finish) the task on time made him unhappy. 4. ________________ (criticize) before the whole class made me feel embarrassed. 5. ____________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games made her famous overnight. 6. It is a waste of time ____________ (play) video games. 7. It is worthwhile ________(recite) the poem within five minutes. Running Being invited finishing Being criticized Having won playing reciting 8. Mary’s____________(marry) such an old man made us all surprised. 9. _________(read) aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. 10. Going to bed early and getting up early _____(be) considered to be a good habit. 11. It is no use_________ (cry) over spilt milk. 12. ____________(Not finish) his homework makes him upset. 13. Her ________(come) to help encouraged all of us. 14. Mary’s __________(ill) made her mother upset. 15. _____________________(punish) for many times, Tom finally changed his bad behaviors. marrying Reading is crying Not finishing coming being ill Having being punished 1． (read) in bed is bad for your eyes. 2. __________ (talk) with your kid heart to heart is very important. 3. It is no use ________(regret) your past mistakes. 4. It is a waste of time ____________ (play) video games. 5．Climbing mountains (be) really fun. 6．It is no good (cry) over spilt milk. 7. I can't stand (work) with Jane in the same office. 8. It's no use (complain) without taking action. 9.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) (volunteer) just feels so good. 10.____________(invite) to the party was a great honour to the family. 11. His not (know) English brought him a lot of inconvenience. 12. ____________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games made her famous overnight. Exercise I Ⅰ.单句语法填空 Reading Talking regretting playing is crying working complaining Volunteering Being invited knowing Having won ____________ (run) is not only beneficial to our health but also friendly to the environment. ____________ (invite) to the party is a great honour for the whole family. Not ____________ (finish) the task on time made him unhappy. ____________ (criticize) before the whole class made me feel embarrassed. ____________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games made her famous overnight. It is a waste of time ____________ (play) video games. It is bad manners ____________ (talk) loudly in public places. Running Being invited finishing Being criticized Having won playing to talk Practice Rewrite each of the following sentences using the -ing form as the subject. EXAMPLE It is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek. Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating. P29 Ex.2 1. It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad. Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding. Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold. 2. It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold. 3. Honestly, it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land. Honestly, exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying. P29 Ex.2 4. It is good to adopt a positive attitude, even when things are difficult. Adopting a positive attitude is good, even when things are difficult. 5. It is strongly advised to hire local guides, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Hiring local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Discuss: How does the sentence focus change? The use of -ing forms as subject puts the action first, making the sentences seem more dynamic. P29 Ex.2 Fill in each blank using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function. One word will be used twice. Xixi National Wetland Park, ________ 10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the first national wetland park in China. __________ city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, _______ a boat tour, ________ along paths, and ____________ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people's favourite activities. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers ________ along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, _______ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment. This green, watery world is home to many birds and fishes. With trees ________ in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou”. P29 Ex.3 combine cover grow take limit walk experience covering Combining taking walking experiencing growing limiting growing attribute subject subject subject subject O-C subject O-C PPT模板 http://www.xxx/moban/ Xixi National Wetland Park(西溪国家湿地公园), ________10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the first national wetland park in China. __________ city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, ______ a boat tour, ________ along paths, and ___________ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers ________ along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, ________ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment. This green, watery world is home to many birds and fishes. With trees ________ in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou”. 主语 宾补 covering Combining taking walking experiencing growing limiting growing 宾补 主语 定语 主语 Fill in the blanks using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function. One word will be used twice. 46 完成句子 Choose a place in our city or town as a destination for a school trip. Use the passage above as an example and write about your choice. Homework Thank you! 50 Red (Live) Taylor Swift , track 99999, disc 0 235639.67 It's a waste of time His getting up late Having been led the way get down to Walking after a meal Working in this environment Having finished 5．整天在床上睡觉没有好处。 It's no good ________________. 6．饭后散步是一个很好的习惯。 ________________ is a very good habit. 7．在这种环境中工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 _________________________ is not a pleasure but a suffering. 8．做完作业后，他就可以打开电视了。 ________________ his homework allows him to turn on the TV. sleeping in bed all day $$