Unit 5学案 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 学案一 一. 过去进行时 1.含义：过去进行时表示过去某段特定时间或某一特定时刻正在发生的动作。 2. 基本结构： ① (肯) was/ were + doing I was taking a shower at 9:00 last night. ② (否) was/were + not doing I wasn't taking a shower at 9:00 last night. ③ (一般疑问句) Was/ Were +主语 +doing Were you taking a shower at 9:00 last night? (肯)Yes, I was. (否)No, I wasn't. ④ (特殊疑问句) What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 3. 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at nine last night, from six to nine yesterday morning 或以when, while等引导的时间状语从句。 4. 注意区别于现在进行时和一般过去时。 （两要点：过去；时间段/点） 练习： 1) — Miss Lin _____ my desk-mate with her lessons when I left school. —She is really a nice teacher. A. helps B. is helping C. was helping D. will help 2) Alice was walking home at the time of the rainstorm. (改为否定句) Alice ________ ________ home at the time of the rainstorm. 3) She was making a banana milk shake.（就画线部分提问） _____________ ____________ she ____________? 二. Words 1. rainstorm (c.n) 暴风雨 = storm a heavy/serious rainstorm 2. alarm (n.) 闹钟 = alarm clock alarm clock (冠词填空a/an) 3. go off (If an alarm clock goes off, it makes a sudden loud noise.) 发出响声(枪声) My alarm didn't go off so I woke up late. P34 2a He fired but the gun failed to go off. 4. ▲begin (v.) 开始 begin → began → begun, beginning (1) 开始做某事 begin/start to do sth. begin/ start doing sth. 常可互换 (2) 只用to do: ① 非生命的做主语时(主语不是人) It began/started to rain. ② start/ begin用于进行时 She is starting/beginning to cry. ③ start/ begin 后跟了心理、意愿动词时 He began to understand/ know/ miss.. (3) 只用start: ① 表示机器“启动”，只能用start I couldn't start my car. *② 表“创办，开始”，只能用start(=set up) start a new company *③ 表“动身，出发”，只能用start(= set out/off) start for America (4) in the beginning = at first (起初，常单独使用) -- in the end= at last at the beginning of.. 在...的开始 -- at the end of… (5) begin/start … with… Let’s our class an English song. *(6) begin/ start 均为终止性动词，因此不能用for + 时间段 _____________/_______________________, he didn’t like to communicate with others.(起初) 5. heavily (adv.)很大程度上；大量地 (1) rain/snow / ______ （下大雨、雪） (2) adj. heavy a heavy rain a heavy schoolbag 6. suddenly (adv.)突然，忽然 all of a sudden = suddenly (突然地) 句首/中/末皆可 Suddenly, the bus stopped. The bus . The bus . → adj. sudden His sudden death surprised us a lot. 7. ▲pick up (1) 接电话 pick up the phone pick it/them up (2) 捡起，拾起 He picked up the flashlight and went away. (3) pick sb. up 接某人 I'll you as soon as you arrive in Chongqing. 翻译：昨晚我给你多次打电话。你为什么没接呢？ I called you many times last night. Why didn’t you _____________ __________ the phone? 8. strange (1) adj. 奇怪的 I have never seen such a strange accident. 陌生的 Japanese seems so strange to me. (2) (c.n) 陌生人 an unusual stranger 学案二 9. wind (1) (c.n & u.n ) 风 a strong wind; strong winds → windy adj. (2) There’s a strong wind today. = It’s very today. = The wind/It blows strongly/hard today. 10. ▲light (1) (c.n) 灯 turn on the light (u.n) 光线 The sun gives out .（光和热） (2) (adj.) 轻的 light — heavy 重的 (adj.) 浅的 light — dark 暗的 light green, dark blue 11. (1) report (v.) 报道；公布 report (sth.) to sb. (将某事) 向某人报告 (2) (c.n) 报道 a TV/ weather /duty / report news report reporter 记者 a TV reporter (3) It's reported that... 据报道 —It’s ____________ that many people ____________ more than 30 minutes a day reading Wechat. —That’s true. It ____________ too much of our time. A. reported; spend; takes B. reported; takes; spend C. to report; spend; takes D. to report; takes; spend 12. area (n.)地域；地区 in the/ this area 在这个地区 *a disaster area 灾区 rural areas 乡村地区 13. wood(n.)木；木头 (1) wood c.n 木头 Our desks are made of wood. woods c.n 森林，树林 walk in the woods/forest wooden adj. 木质的 wooden furniture (家具) (2) The house is wooden. = The house is made of . 14. window(n.)窗户 open/close the window turn on the light 15. match (1) (c.n) 火柴 candles and matches (2) (n.) 竞赛；匹配 Our team .(赢得了足球比赛) We are a perfect match. (3) (v. ) 适合 match A with B A与B相称 the statements the people in the picture P33 1a 学案三 16. ▲▲beat(v.)敲打；打败 (1) beat →beat → beaten → beating →beat sb. win→ won→ won → winning →winner n.赢家 lose→ lost→ lost → losing→ loser n. 输家 (2) beat sb. in sth. beat him/ a team/ Class 10 win sth. win the game/ first prize lose sb. /sth. 失去某人/某物 lose to sb. 输给某人 (3) Our team theirs. （击败）= Their team us. 翻译：当老师开始喊我的名字时，我的心跳很快。 When the teacher started to call out my name, my heart _________ ____________so quickly. 17. against (prep.) 倚着；靠着；撞 P35 3a 第三段 (1) He stood with his back against the door. 他背靠门站着。 He hit his head against the window. 他的头撞到了窗户上。 (2) for 赞成 against 反对 ① be for/ against 赞成/ 反对 We are all against his idea. 我们都反对他的想法。 ② reason for/ against 支持/ 反对的理由 ③ fight for 为...而战 fight against 与...斗争；反对 fight against the enemies 大雨正敲打着窗子，我害怕极了。 The heavy rain was ___________ ____________the windows, and I was afraid very much. 18. ▲▲asleep adj. 睡着的 -- awake 醒着的 (1) fall asleep 入睡（动作） He________ ________soon after he went to bed. 他上床不久就进入梦乡。 be asleep睡着的（状态） be fast/sound asleep (不用very) (2) sleep u.n & v. (sleep→ slept→ slept) asleep adj.(表语形容词) My mom was asleep when I came in. (不说an asleep boy ) sleeping adj. (表语&定语) = My mom was when I came in. sleeping bag 睡袋 sleepy adj. 昏昏欲睡的 I often feel sleepy after lunch. (3) be sleepy → go to bed → fall asleep/get to sleep/go to sleep→ be asleep/sleeping → wake up →be awake 19. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 (1) The wind died down this morning. The fire died down. (2) 复习 die, death, dead, dying (3) He died from an accident instead of dying of the cancer. (die from: 外因 die of 内因) The haze was_______ _______.雾霾正在渐渐消退。 20. ▲▲rise(v.& n.) 升起；增加；提高 (1) (vi.) rise→ rose→ risen→ rising 上升（无被动） (vt.)raise→ raised→ raised →raising 提高 (2) rise: The sun rises in the east. early to bed and early to rise (3) raise: ① 筹集，募集 raise money for charity ② 举起 raise(= put up) your hand You Raise Me Up 你鼓舞了我 ③ 增加，提高 raise one's voice/ the price ④ 养育，栽培 raise a family/ sheep It's not easy to raise a child. (4) 常见考题：The sun is after the rain. He tried to his voice, but his voice didn't . 21. ▲▲fallen(adj.) 倒下的；落下的 fallen trees/ leaves(落叶) (1) v. fall → fell → fallen fall ill/ asleep (2) ① fall down 突然倒塌 ② fall down from sth. = fall off sth. 从...上摔下来 ③ fall into the river 掉入河里 fall onto the floor 掉在地板上 ④ fall/ drop behind sb. 落后 -- catch up with sb. (catch → caught) ⑤ fall asleep/ill(动) -- be asleep/ill(状) ⑥ fall in love with(动) -- be in love with (状) (3) n. ① （美）秋天 in fall/ autumn in the fall of 2000 在具体某年的秋天必加the ② 瀑布（常用pl.） I _______ ________ ________ my brother was watching TV last night. 昨晚哥哥正看电视时，我睡着了。 After the rainstorm, __________ leaves, __________ windows and rubbish were everywhere. 暴风雨过后，到处都是落叶、破窗和垃圾。 22. apart (adv.) 分离；分开 break....apart 把...撕毁，摧毁 P35 3a 第四段 Although the storm many things , it brought families and neighbors closer together. 23. have a look看一看 (1) have a look = take a look have a break = take a break (2) have a look at sth. = take a look at sth. 24. icy(adj.)覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 → n. ice * walk on thin ice 处于危险中 25. kid(v.& n.)开玩笑；欺骗 (1) (v.) Are you kidding (me)? = Are you joking? play jokes on sb. (2) (c.n) 小孩 学案四 26. ▲realize(v.) 理解；领会；认识到 (1) (v.) 意识到 Kate realized her bag was still at home. P37 1c P38 2b (2) (v.) 实现 I will work hard to .（实现我的梦想） = I will work hard to make my dream come true. (不能说come true my dream ) 27. ▲make one's way 前往；费力地前进 (1) make one' way to... 向...走去 P37 1d When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still to school. (2) on the way(to sp.) 在去某地的路上 on the way home in the/one's way 妨碍；挡路 in this/that way 用这种/ 那种方法 by the way 顺便说一下 the way to do sth./ of doing sth. 做某事的方法 in a/some way 在某种程度上 lose one's way = get lost 迷路 By the way, there was a crazy dog in the way on my way to school this morning. 28. passage (c.n) 章节；段落 look through the following passage as quickly as possible 29. pupil(c.n) 学生(尤其小学生) a school pupil P38 2b 第二段 30. (1) completely(adv.) 彻底地；完全地 = totally My parents were shocked. P38 2b 第二段 (2) complete adj. 完整的 & v. 完成；使完满 complete the sentences 31. shocked(adj.) 惊愕地；受震惊的 (1) (adj.) shocking 令人震惊的 shocked 感到震惊的 be shocked at sth. / to do sth. (2) (v.) 使震惊 I was shocked by the news. (3) (n.) 震惊的事；冲击；打击 The death of her husband is a shock to him. 32. silence (n.) 沉默；无声 P38 2b第二段 (1) (adj.) silent → adv. silently keep silent/ silence (2) Finally, we walked backed home in silence/ silently. (in surprise, in need, in trouble, in danger) She was preparing for the math exam _____________/ _______ _______ .她一直默默地准备数学考试。 学案五 33. recently(adv.) 不久前；最近 = lately (多用于现在完成时) 34. take down 记录 (take→ took → taken ) take it/them down (1) 拆除 More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York by terrorists. P38 2b第3段 (2) 写下，记录 = write down Reporters every word of the speech. *(3) 复习 take off 脱下，起飞 take away 带走 take out(of sth.) 从..中拿出来 take up 开始做；占据 take back 拿回，收回 take after 像（血缘，遗传） 35. terrorist(拼) （默写一遍） (1) (c.n) 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 (2) (n.) terror 恐怖；恐怖行为 (art→ artist science→ scientist ) 36. date(n.& v.) date of birth 出生日期 (1) (c.n) 日期；日子 What's the date today? 今天多少号？ What day is it today? 今天星期几 What's today?今天是多少号星期几？ *(2) (n & v.) 约会 have/get a date 37. ▲at first 首先；最初 (1) first = first of all （强调顺序先后，用于叙述原因）第一，首先 (2) at first = in the beginning（强调时间先后顺序）起初 I didn't like English at first, but now I'm crazy about it. 38. truth(n.) 实情；事实 (1) tell the truth -- tell a lie to tell you the truth 说实话 (2) adj. true true 真（正）的，与实际情况相符的；正确的（= right） real 真实的，现实的 Father Christmas isn't real. real gold 真金（不是伪造） right 正确的 -- wrong 三. 课文知识点： 1. with用法总结(表伴随，“因为，由于”) ① with + n. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. P35 3a ② with +adj. She left the classroom with the door open/closed. ③with + prep. My teacher came in with a book in her hand. ④with + v.ing I feel nervous with my teacher standing beside me. ⑤ with + v.ed With the window broken we can feel the strong wind. ⑥ with + v.to do I can't hang out with you with a lot of homework to do. 2. ...and we finish the rest of the dinner in silence. P38 2b the rest (of)剩下的，其余的，谓语动词由the rest of后所指代的名词决定。 The rest of the time is for his family. 3. Not everyone will remember who killed him. 不是每个人都记得是谁杀害了他。P38 2b 此句为部分否定。相当于 = Everyone won't remember who killed him. = Some of you will remember who killed him, but some of you are not. 4. ...the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well. Self-check 1 ① had seen 过去完成时 ② as well 也= too/also I love music and my sister loves it as well. as well (口)也行(缓和语气) You may go as well. as well as 和...一样好 You look as well as you did 10 years ago. as well as 和，还（v.与前面主语一致） Your friend as well as you is friendly to me. 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$