定语从句2 课件-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

一.非限制性定语从句 1）限制性定语从句与非限制定语从句的区别 有无逗号及是否必要 eg: The dentist who treated me is my uncle. （定语从句起到限定先行词的作用--缩小范围，是必要的） My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.（补充说明，是非必要的，去掉也知道牙医是我的叔叔） 2）who／whom／which／when／where等都可以引导非限制性定语从句，不能用that。 eg：His mother, loves him very much, is strict with him. 他的妈妈非常爱他，对他非常严格。 who 2）who／whom／which／when／where等都可以引导非限制性定语从句，不能用that。 eg：His mother, loves him very much, is strict with him. 他的妈妈非常爱他，对他非常严格。 who China, was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 中国，建立于1949.正变得越来越强大。 which 【补充】关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语从句的异同 1.as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 eg：He married her, as/which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 2.as常常有“正如”的含义，引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后,甚至还可以分割主句。 which引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句之后。 eg：As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 John, as you know, is a famous writer. 正如所知道，约翰一个有名的作家。 Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don't believe. 我不相信张华去过巴黎超过十次。 3.当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。 eg：Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. 汤姆一次次的迟到，这使他的老师非常生气。 二、特殊情况 （一）先行词为物只用that不用which的情况：双疑特代高序表 双：当先行词中既有人又有物时 The old man and his dog that we saw yesterday did not appear again.昨天我们见到的那位老人和他的狗没有再出现。 疑： 主句中有which时 eg：Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤最合我 特：先行词被 the very,the only,the last修饰时 The old car is the only thing that he owns now. 这辆旧车是他现在唯一拥有的东西。 代：当先行词为 all, anything, everything, nothing, something, few, little, much, any 等不定代词或被其修饰时 Do you have anything that must be claimed? 你有东西需要申报吗？ All the poisons that are absorbed by the body are brought to the liver. 身体吸收的有毒物质都被送到肝脏。 高：先行词被形容词最高级修饰 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过最好看的电影 序：先行词被序数词修饰时 eg：The first thing that needs to be done is moving away soil. 第一件要做的事是移除泥土。 表：从句缺表语时，只能用that,或者省略 eg：My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be. 我的家乡不再是以前的那个地方了 (二） 先行词为物只用 which不用 that的情况 两个后面一个重复 ①在介词后面的关系代词用 which而不能用that。即“介词+which（代物)”。 eg：The building in which Han Mei studied was very old. 苏梅在里边学习的那幢大楼很旧 ②在非限定性定语从句中用which,不能用that。（逗号后面） eg：Crusoe's dog, which was very old now, became ill and died. 克鲁索的狗，现在已经很老了，病死了。 ③有两个定语从句，如果一个为that,另一个用which。（避免重复） eg: Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly. 让我给你看看我从新开放的图书馆借来的小说。 （三）.先行词为the way时 若定语从句缺状语，由in which引导，可以省略；若定语从句中缺主宾表，用that/which引导定语从句。 eg：The way （in which） he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答问题的方式很让人吃惊。 The way （that ／in which） he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答问题的方式很让人吃惊。 I don't like the way (that/which) he told me. 我不喜欢他告诉我的方法。 （四）.从句中动词后的介词，可前置于关系代词前也可后置于动词后。 eg：This is the boy (whom ／who ／that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是昨天和我一起打网球的男孩。 注意： 1.含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如： look for, look after, take care of。 eg：This is the watch(which /that)I am looking for.(正) This is the watch for which I am looking.(误) 2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom,不可用who,that;关系代词指物时只可用which,不可用that。 eg：The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) The man with that /who you talked just now is my neighbour.(误) 3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。 eg：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. $$