专题十一 名词性从句 课件 -2025届高考英语二轮复习

高考英语 二轮复习讲练测合集 专题十一 名词性从句 1 考情分析 01 ENGLISH 高频考点： 1. 名词性从句的连接词 2. 名词性从句的用法 3. 连接词引导名词性从句的区别 01 考情分析 名词性从句是历年高考的考点。近几年新高考对名词性从句的考查主要集中在语法填空，以名词性从句的连接词和基本用法为主。 知识点讲解 02 1. 主语从句的定义 在主从复合句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 2. 主语从句的引导词 从属连词that，whether，if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分； Whoever comes here will be welcome. 无论是谁来到这儿都很受欢迎。 That the earth moves around the sun is known to all. 地球绕着太阳转是大家都知道的。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 连接代词what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语； Whatever you can do helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。 Whether he will come or not doesn't matter much. 他是否回来都不重要。 连接副词when，where，how，why在从句中作状语 Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 它们为什么突然消失了还是个迷？ How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 3. 主语从句的用法 （1）that引导的主语从句 that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，且无词义，一般不可省略 That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them. 从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。 （2）wh-类连接词引导的主语从句 wh-类连接词包括wh-类的连接代词（who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等）和连接副词（when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等）。语序为wh-类连接词加陈述句 What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 （3）whether引导的主语从句 whether引导的主语从句常置于句首，有时也可用it作形式主语代替 Whether we will go for an autumn outing is not sure. ＝It is not sure whether we will go for an autumn outing. 我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。 Itis unknown whether he has agreed to my plan. 不知道他是否已经同意了我的计划。 Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance. 他能否按时完成任务非常重要。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 注意：whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether，不可用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换 Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. 是否要开会仍然是个问题。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水取决于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It's uncertain whether/ if he'll come this evening. 他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 （4）it作形式主语的主语从句 ① it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语 a. It＋be＋形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, necessary, important等）＋that 从句 It is certain that he will come to the discussion. 他肯定会来参加讨论。 It's obvious from what he said that something is wrong. 根据他所说的，显然是出问题了。 It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that. 我不可能接受像那样的帮助。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 注意： 在“It is necessary/ important/ surprising/ unthinkable/ unbelievable/ strange/ incredible＋that从句”结构中，从句的谓语动词常用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略 It is surprising that they (should) come so early. 他们那么早来令人惊奇。 It is necessary that we (should) have breakfast. 我们吃早餐是有必要的。 It is important that you (should) learn English well. 对于你来说，学好英语是重要的。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 b. It＋be＋名词词组（no wonder, a shame, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等）＋that从句 It's no wonder that he didn't want to go. 难怪他不想去。 It is a good thing to hunger after knowledge. 渴求知识是件好事。 c. It＋be＋过去分词（said, told, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged等）＋that从句 It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 注意：在“It＋be＋suggested/ advised/ ordered/ requested/ required/ insisted/ demanded＋that从句”结构中，that 从句的谓语动词应用“should +动词原形”，should可省略 It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。 d. It＋动词/ 动词短语（seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make no difference等）＋that从句 It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. 她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。 It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 ② it作形式主语，连接代词、连接副词或whether/ if引导的主语从句作真正的主语 It makes no difference whether he comes or not. 他来不来无关紧要。 It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 It is not immediately clear whether/ if the financial crisis will soon be over. 经济危机是否会很快结束，短时间内不会很明显。 It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 02 知识点讲解 一、主语从句 1. 宾语从句的定义 在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后，或由形式宾语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 2. 宾语从句的引导词 从属连词that，whether，if只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether和if意为“是否”； 连接代词what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语； 连接副词when，where，how，why在从句中作状语 Scientists study how human brains work to make computers. 科学家研究人脑如何为了制造计算机工作。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 3. 宾语从句的用法 （1）that引导的宾语从句 that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，口语中一般可以省略。常见的可以接that引导的宾语从句的动词有see, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等 He asked me which team could win the game. 他问我哪个队会赢得比赛。 I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。 I don't think that you should go abroad in the future. 我认为你将来不应该出国。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 注意：that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略： ① 当that从句作介词的宾语时 Tom is a nice boy except that he is sometimes late for school. 汤姆除了有时候上学迟到外，是个很不错的男孩。 They share little in common except that they are from the same country. 除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。 I don't know exactly where he lives, except that it's somewhere out in the wilds. 他住在哪里我不是很清楚，只知道是远离城市的荒野之中。 ② that引导的从句位于句首时 That prices will go up I know. 我知道物价将要上涨。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 ③ 动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略 He told me he had to leave and that he would be back soon. 他告诉我他得离开且很快就会回来。 ④ 宾语从句前有插入语时 We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。 ⑤ 宾语从句为主从复合句，且位于宾语从句前时 I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth. 我许下诺言，如果有人来释放我，我就让他成为世界之王。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 （2）连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句 ① wh-类连接词包括连接代词（who, whom, what, which, whoever, whichever等）和连接副词（when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等），这些词在从句中既作特定的成分，又有一定的词义，不可省略 ② 能接疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词或动词短语有study, see, tell, ask, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise, believe in, search for等 Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 （3）whether与if引导的宾语从句 whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”，whether与if不能省略 It is still under discussion whether/ if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 这个旧公共汽车站是否应该被一座现代化的宾馆取代仍在讨论中。 注意：whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if： ① 宾语从句中的whether与 or not直接连用时，不能换成if；不直接连用时，可互换 I don't know whether or not the report is true. I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not. 我不知道这个报道是否是真的。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 ② 介词后的宾语从句要用 whether引导，whether可与不定式连用 They don't know whether to go there. 他们不知道是否去那里。 It depends on whether you can do the work well. 那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。 It depends on whether we have enough time. 这取决于我们是否有充足的时间。 ③ 引导表语从句或同位语从句时 The question is whether we can get in touch with her. 问题是我们能否和她取得联系。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 ④ whether引导主语从句并置于句首时 Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic. 他是否能按时来参加聚会要看交通状况。 注意： doubt后接宾语从句时，如果用于肯定句，从句的引导词常用whether或if；用于否定句或疑问句时，从句的引导词常用that Never once did I doubt that I would be able to carry out my plan. 我从未怀疑过我能执行自己的计划。 The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈能否从严重的疾病中很快康复。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 （4）it作形式宾语的宾语从句 ① 一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。这类动词常见的有find, feel, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等 I don't think it polite that they left without saying thanks to us. 我认为他们不说声谢谢就离开是不礼貌的。 He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. 他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。 No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 ② hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置 I would appreciate it if you could take me into consideration. 如果你能考虑我的话我将感激不尽。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 （5）表示情感的形容词＋宾语从句 I'm confident that you will get the job. 我确定你能得到那份工作。 I'm glad that you can come here on time. 我很高兴你能准时到这儿。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 4. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态 I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month. 我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。 （2）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时 The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。 （3）如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时 As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it. 小时候，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。 02 知识点讲解 二、宾语从句 1. 表语从句的定义 在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后 2. 表语从句的引导词 从属连词只起连接作用，其中if不能引导表语从句，that一般不能省略； 连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语； 连接副词在从句中作状语 I'd like to start my own business—that's what I'd do if I had the money. 我想要自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。 02 知识点讲解 三、表语从句 3. 表语从句的用法 （1）that, whether引导的表语从句 One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. 问题是我看上去跟其他人一样。 （2）as if/ as though 引导的表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气 The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。 02 知识点讲解 三、表语从句 （3）because和why引导的表语从句 because和why也可引导表语从句，但because后接原因，why后接结果。because引导表语从句时，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型： This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果) 这/那就是……的原因 This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因) 这/那是因为…… He was fired. That is because he didn't work hard. 他被解雇了。那是因为他没有努力工作。 He didn't work hard. That's why he was fired. 他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。 02 知识点讲解 三、表语从句 注意： 如果主句的主语是reason, 表语从句的连接词用that, 不能用why或because The reason why...is that＋表语从句 ……的原因是…… From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 （4）wh-类连接词引导的表语从句 Wh-类连接词引导的从句作表语时，一般不含疑问意义，而是表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等 New York is no longer what it was ten years ago. 纽约不再是十年前的样子了。 02 知识点讲解 三、表语从句 1. 同位语从句的定义 在主从复合句中充当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明 2. 同位语从句的引导词 主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。在同位语从句中, that和whether不作句子成分, that无词义, whether表示“是否”。if不能引导同位语从句，引导同位语从句的连词一般都不能省略 The news that our team has won is true. 我们队赢了的消息是真的。 The report that he was going to resign was false. 他将要辞职的报道是假的。 02 知识点讲解 四、同位语从句 3. 常跟同位语从句的名词 后常跟同位语从句的名词有news, advice, fact, doubt, suggestion, hope, demand, conclusion, idea, news, order, request, thought, word, wish, promise, truth, information, question, message, belief, report, desire, problem, possibility等 I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他将何时回来。 When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。 The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved. 我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。 02 知识点讲解 四、同位语从句 注意：同位语从句与定语从句的区别： ① 同位语从句是对从句前面的名词进行说明或解释；而定语从句是对其前的名词加以修饰或限定 ② 同位语从句说明的名词一般是news, fact, idea, thought, hope, order等抽象名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句 ③ 引导同位语从句的that不充当句子成分，没有任何词汇意义，但通常不可省略。在定语从句中，引导词that在从句中代替先行词作主语、宾语或表语；作宾语时，that可省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换 The news that our football team won the match was encouraging. 我们的足球队赢得比赛的消息令人鼓舞。（同位语从句） The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 他们赢得比赛的消息很快传遍了整个学校。（同位语从句） 02 知识点讲解 四、同位语从句 1. 从句中缺少主语或宾语 从句中缺少主语或宾语时，选择以下连接词：what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever)。通常情况下，which是在语境中提供了范围才会使用，否则，指事物时使用what(ever) What was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (主语从句，what在从句中作主语) 她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家人。 The employers often give the job to whoever they believe has work experience with a strong sense of duty. (宾语从句，whoever在从句中作主语) 雇主们经常会把工作给他们认为有工作经验并且有强烈责任感的人。 02 知识点讲解 五、名词性从句中连接词的选择 2. 从句中不缺少主语或宾语，缺少状语 从句中不缺少主语或宾语，而是缺少状语成分，用when, where, why, how, how many/much等带有语义的连接词 She always thinks of how she can work well. (宾语从句，缺语义，连接词在从句中作状语) 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 She always thinks of how she can work well. (宾语从句，缺语义，连接词在从句中作状语) 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 02 知识点讲解 五、名词性从句中连接词的选择 Where the English evening will be held hasn't yet been announced. (主语从句，缺语义，连接词在从句中作状语) 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 Some students even have no idea why they are studying, so they waste much time playing. (同位语从句，缺语义，连接词在从句中作原因状语) 一些学生甚至都不知道为什么学习，所以他们浪费很多时间玩儿。 3. 从句中既不缺少成分，且语义完整，用连接词that He gave us a suggestion that we should practice speaking English in class. (同位语从句，不缺成分和语义) 他建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。 02 知识点讲解 五、名词性从句中连接词的选择 典例剖析 03 03 典例剖析 1.【2023·新课标Ⅱ卷】This is _________ they need an English trainer. 答案：why 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应用连接副词连接，此处表达“这就是……的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 2. _________ you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can. 答案：what 解析：考查主语从句。句意：你可以从蚂蚁哲学中学到的是：永不放弃，向前看，保持积极的态度，尽你所能。分析句子结构可知，“_________ you can learn from the ant philosophy”是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指代学到的事情，故用what引导。故填What。 03 典例剖析 3. We are so casual and careless about _________ we use things around us to make us fun, but it is important for our happiness and health. 答案：how 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我们对于如何利用周围的事来使我们开心十分随意和粗心，但是这对我们的幸福和健康都很重要。分析句子可知，设空处需填引导词来引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需要用连接副词how引导。故填how。 4. Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is _________ decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. 答案：why 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花进行装饰具有特殊的意义。空格处引导表语从句，根据句意“这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花进行装饰具有特殊的意义”，用why引导表语从句。故填why。 03 典例剖析 5. But many people, though complaining about the stupid quizzes, still take them, wondering _________ their answers generate their correct birth year. 答案：if/whether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：但是许多人，虽然一边抱怨愚蠢的测验，但一边却仍然做测试，因为他们想知道测试的答案是否产生正确的出生年份。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“是否”，应用不做成分，只起连接作用的if/whether来引导。故填if/whether。 变式训练 04 Exercise 1. ____________ one can turn his dream into a reality depends on his talent and the efforts he makes. 2. If you ask middle school students _________ they want to be when they grow up, they might want to be a doctor or scientist. 3. The journalist echoed the villagers' doubt in the newspaper ____________ the tourist resorts would really benefit the local economy. 4. _________ TCM doctors do know is that this rise and fall throughout the body is put down to the flow of qi throughout the body. 5. Some people think that donating blood does harm to the donor's health, but the truth is _________ when a small amount of blood is taken out, the body will make a quick adjustment. Whether what whether What that 下节课再见！ $$