Unit 15 体育活动精神及体育与健康-【小题突破·大题攻略】2026年高考英语培优限时练

话题四 文学、艺术与体育 Unit15体育话动/精神及体育与健康 [话题词汇填空] 38. V. 一（过去式） [基础默写] (过去分词) Words 一（现在分词）u.平躺 1.flu n. 39 V. 一（过去式） 2.leisure n. (过去分词) 3.lessen v. (现在分词)u.撒谎 4.association n. 40. (过去式) 一（过去分词） 5.championship n. (现在分词)u.放置；产卵 6.link n.&.v. 41. V. 一（过去式） 7.liquid n. (过去分词)u.点燃，照亮 作 8.literary adj. 42. n,积极性，动力；诱因 9.loan n. 43. n.混合，混合物 10.logical adj. 44. n.博物馆 时 11.long v. 45. u.&m.谋杀，凶杀 12.loose adj. 46. n.音乐家 13.lounge n. Phrases 14.lower v. 47. 给某人一个教训 15.magic n.&adj. 48.let sb.down 16.maintain v. 49.a white lie 线 17. n.&u.讲座，讲课 50. 过着幸福的生活 18. adj.法律上的，合法的 51. 大多数 19. n.长度；距离 52.wait in line 20. n.图书馆；资料室 53. 列清单 21. n,执照，许可证 54. 不辜负期望 22. adj.可能的；预料的 55. 只要 23. n.文学：文献，资料 56.look into 24. .乱扔垃圾；使凌乱 57.lose oneself in/be lost in 25. n.&u.负担，装载 58.make out 26. adj.地方的，本地的；（身体）局部的 59.make up for 27. adj.孤独的；荒凉的；偏僻的 60.table manners 28. n.遗失，死亡，损失失败 61.lung cancer 29. adj.&adu.响亮的，大声的 62.smoking-related diseases 30. adj.可爱的，令人愉快的 63. 减肥 31. adu.幸运地 64. 节食 32. n.行李 65.under the weather 33. n.杂志，期刊 66.pick up the habit 34. adu.主要的，大部分的 67. 进行有规律的运动 35. adj.坐落于，位于 68.junk food 36. v.控制；管理；设法做成；成功对付 69. 保持健康 37. n.经理；经纪人 70. 强身健体 59 培优限时练小题突破·英语 1ook1看上去有病 [归纳拓展] look down on(upon)看不起、轻视 l.make out(勉强)辨认出，看出，听出；弄清；理解； look over检查 明白；力图说成；努力让人相信；力图证明(… look like看起来像 是最好的)：开具，填写（支票、收据或订货单）： look out向外望、当心 亲热 look up向上看：查（字典） I can't what you're saying. look down往下看 我实在搞不懂你在讲什么。 look up and down上下打量 I to the president. look for寻找 我向总裁开出一张有效的支票。 look after照看、照顾 Don't like you know the answer! [即学即用] 不要装得好像你知道答案一样！ How is your son at school? 一、阅读下列句子，用括号内所给单词的适当形式 你儿子在学校表现的如何？ 填空。 I can't what it says at the bottom. 1.The (long)of a paragraph depends on 我看不清楚底部写什么。 the information it conveys. We can't 2.She may not have the money main- 我们实在搞不懂他。 tain)or restore her property. They were trying to that I'd actually 3.I took my bags inside, (lower)myself done it. onto the bed and switched on the TV. 他们正在努力证明我真的干过这件事。 4. (locate)in Sichuan Province,the area is 2.look into往里看；考察；调查；研究 renowned for its dreamlike scenery and abun- In North America,it is important to look into dant natural resources. the eyes of the person you are talking to. 5.The sudden knocking at the door startled me 在北美洲，看着和你说话的人的眼睛是很重 when I was lost deep thought. 要的。 二、翻译句子 It should also look into the possibilities of wind- 1.我们先研究一下，然后再作决定。(look into) generatedelectricity. 还会对风力发电的可能性进行研究。 2.我听到有声音，却听不清他们在说些什么。 【联想】look forward to期盼 (make out) look around四下张望 look ahead向前看 3.只要你准时还，你就可以借这本书。(as long as) look back回头看；回顾 look right/Ieft向右看/左看 4.孩子们现在正盼望着假期。(long for) look well看起来健康 [话题阅读精练] 一、完形填空 for a "super,"referring to a 52.4-mile double mar- (2024·新课标全国I卷)I've been motiva- athon.Then,the next day I went on my longest ted-and demotivated-by other folks'achieve- run-15 miles.To be honest,I 4 it!Between ments all my life. the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure When I was a teenager,a neighborhood friend boredom of jogging,I decided that the only 6 I'd 1 a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! running 2,but then two things happened. So I 7 cycling.I got a good bike and rode First,a girl I met one day told me she was 3 a lot.I 8 of entering cycle races until I flew to 60 话题四文学、艺术与体育 San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work and whether the ideal number of steps differs one day,I 9 her bike and went for a ride.The across people of different ages.The study repre- 00 10 The roads there went through large val- sents an effort to develop an evidence-based public leys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. health message about the benefits of physical ac- I'd never faced such 11.That day,I got 12 tivity.The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying by about 100 "local"bikers who were used to such grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a roads.When I got back home,suddenly riding my Japanese pedometer(计步器)，with no science to bike didn't seem quite as 13. back it up. I've 14 a lot since then.I've come to ac- Led by physical activity professor Amanda cept that whatever 15 I set for myself,they Paluch,an international group of scientists conduc- just have to be my own. ted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. 1.A.knew B.held They grouped the nearly 50,000 participants into C.won D.quit four comparative groups according to average steps 2.A.regularly B.silently per day.The lowest step group averaged 3,500 C.proudly D.recently steps;the second,5,800;the third,7,800;and the 作3.A.asking B.looking fourth,10,900 steps per day.Among the three C.waiting D.training higher active groups,there was a 40-53%lower 4.A.made B.believed risk of death,compared to the lowest step group. 8 C.hated D.deserved More specifically,for adults 60 and older,the 5.A.advantage B.achievement risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000-8,000 可 C.contribution D.influence steps per day,meaning that more steps than that 6.A.way B.risk provided no additional benefit for longevity,while 效 C.place D.reason for adults younger than 60,about 8,000-10,000 怒 7.A.gave up B.went on steps per day. C.turned to D.dealt with "So,what we saw was this continuing reduction in 线8.A.heard B.dreamed risk as the number of steps increases,until it levels off. 摩 C.complained D.approved Interestingly,the study found no definitive association 9.A.painted B.borrowed with walking speed."Paluch says. 下 C.bought D.parked The new study supports and expands findings 10.A.problem B.secret from another study led by Paluch before,which C.principle D.advice found that walking at least 7,000 steps a day re- 11.A.dangers B.events duced middle-aged people's risk of early death. C.opponents D.challenges "There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving 12.A.passed B.convinced even a little more is beneficial,particularly for C.admired D.stopped those who are doing very little activity,"Paluch says. 13.A.reliable B.convenient "More steps per day are better for your health." C.familiar D.appealing 1.Why did the scientists carry out the new study? 14.A.traveled B.matured A.To know about people's health condition. C.missed D.worried B.To explain the pedometer's working principles. 15.A.limits B.dates C.To determine the best physical activity for people. C.goals D.tests D.To provide a scientific guideline on daily 二、阅读理解 walking. A new study involving nearly 50,000 people 2.What does the underlined words "leveled off"in from four continents offers new insights into iden- paragraph 3 mean? tifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will A.Turned higher. B.Became stable. best improve adults'health and longevity(长寿)， C.Fell sharply. D.Changed rapidly. 61 培优限时练小题突破·英语 3.What does the experiment find? 4.What does Paluch advise people doing little ac- A.The old should walk as much as possible. tivity to do? B.Young people usually walk more than the old. A.To walk more steps. C.The most beneficial steps differ by age groups. B.To control walking speed. D.Walking pace is the key to avoiding early C.To limit walking distance. death. D.To track the number of steps. [话题语法特训] 一、语法单句填空一名词 二、语法填空 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号 用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 内单词的正确形式。 1.When they build on the bank of a running “OMG！It's so cute!”Since posts with such stream,they make a dam across the stream for descriptions spread on social media in 1 a lov- the purpose of keeping the water at the able panda is waving and smiling,Bing DwenDwen (high)they wish. has become a star in the Olympic Villages,venues, 2.As I tried describing Thanksgiving Day to my and almost everywhere.After the opening of the Beijing 2022 Olympics,Bing Dwen Dwen,like hot- in-laws in China,I could see (confuse) cakes,2 (incredible)went viral overnight.The in their eyes and sense questions forming in craze has also become 3 trending topic on so- their minds. cial media platforms.Actually,Bing DwenDwen 3.Another survey has found that the entire wall 4 (select)to be the mascot of the Beijing 2022 with all of its (branch)measures 21, Winter Olympics in 2019 from more than 5,800 196km. entries 5 (submit)from 35 countries. 4.When his Mum couldn't afford to buy him a toy What are the mind-broadening ideas behind panda he badly wanted,he wrote a pitiful note 6 (it)design?Insiders comment that Bing on the toy's box begging other (shop) Dwen Dwen is a great 7 (combine)of Chinese not to buy it. culture and the Olympic spirit.'Bing'in Chinese 5.Compared with the traditional trade mode,they stands for ice,showing purity and strength,while don't have to spend money in renting a house. "Dwen Dwen'represents sincerity,liveliness,and However,there are still some (advan- health.Plus,wrapped in an "astronaut's suit",Bing tage)in online shopping. DwenDwen has a face designed to be a sports ex- 6.-Go and say sorry to your Mum,Dave. pert who comes from the future,8 (represent) -I'd like to,but I'm afraid she won't be happy a perfect mixture of winter sports and modern with my (apologize). technology.The head is circled up with colorful 7.This collection is made up of three parts:poems, floating lines,a reference to Beijing's National Speed Skating Oval,directly showing skating (essay)and short (story). tracks and 5G technology.Hence,Bing Dwen 8.This equipment has saved the (life)of a Dwen is a giant panda 9 a high sense of sci- number of new born (child). ence and technology. 9.The Red Yao people believe that the Hopefully,the cute,witty,hi-tech Bing Dwen (woman)long hair brings longevity,wealth and Dwen can become a classic and countless lasting good fortune. 10 (memory)will stick in Olympic history. 10.The scientists reported finding major 2. 3. (different)in three genetic markers between 5. Chinese red pandas and Himalayan red pandas. 9. 10. 62参考答案 Unit 15 5.B 作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练,而作 体育活动/精神及体育与健康 者在跑15英里的距离,因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者 [话题词汇填空] 跑步的成就显得非常渺小,故用achievement。advantage”有 基础默写 利条件,有利因素,优势”;achievement”成就,成绩”;contri Words bution”贡献”;influence“影响”。 1.流感 2.闲暇,业余时间 3.(使)变少,(使)变小 6.D 由上文可知,跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的,因 4.协会 5.锦标赛 6.联系,连接 7.液体 8.文学上的 此作者放弃了跑步,决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因 9.贷款,借款10.符合逻辑的,合乎情理的 { 11.渴望,盼望 是后面有大狗在追赶,故用reason。risk”危险,风险”。 12.宽松的,松散的 13.休息厅 14.降低,减低 15.魔法, 7. C 由下文的“I got a goodbike and rode a lot”可知,作者买 魔术的 16.保持,维护 17. lecture 18. legal 19. length 了一辆好的自行车,并骑了很多次,因此作者放弃跑步后把 20. library 21. license/licence 22. likely 23. literature 自己的目标转向了骑自行车,故用turnedto。giveup“放 24. litter 25. load 26. local 27. lonely 28. loss 29. loud 弃”,go on“继续”;deal with“处理”. 30. lovely 31. luckily 32. luggage 33. magazine 34. mainly 8.B 结合上文中描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行 35. located 36. manage 37. manager 38. lie-lay-lain-lying 可知,此处表示在骑行方面,作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比 39. lied-lied-lied-lying 40. lay-laid-laid-laying 赛,直到飞往圣迭戈拜访姐姐。故用dreamed。complain“抱 41. light-lit/lighted-lit/lighted 42. motivation 43. mixture 怨”;approve“同意”。 44. museum 45. murder 46. musician 9. B 根据空前的"I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While Phrases she was at work one day”和空后的“went for a ride”可知,作 47. teach sb.a lesson 48.使某人失望 49.善意的慌言 者去圣迭戈找姐姐,一天姐姐在上班,作者去骑行了,因此此 50. live lead/have a happy life 51. the majority of... 处是说作者向姐姐借了自行车,故用borrowed。 52. 排队等候 53. make a list of... 54. live up to expectations 10. A 由空后的“The roads there went through large valley 55.s0 as long as 56.调查 57.专心于,专注于 58.辨认出. where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time"可知,那里的 理解 59.弥补 60.餐桌礼仪 61.肺癌 62.抽烟引起的 疾病 63. lose weight 64. go on a diet 65.生病、不舒服 道路穿过宽闹的山谷,在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上 坡路;再结合下文的“about 1o0'local'bikers who were 66.养成这种习惯 67. take regular exercise 68.垃圾食品 usedtosuchroads”可知,与当地那些习惯了这种路的人相 69. stay keep healthy/fit 70. build up one's body improve one's health 比,作者不习惯这种路,这种路对作者而言是一个问题,故 用problem。principle“原则,原理”. 归纳拓展 1. make out; made the check out; make out; making out; make 11.D 作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路,结合常识和下文作 者放弃骑自行车可知,此处是在描述作者的困难,所以此处 out: make him out;make out 即学即用 是说作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战,故用challenges。dan 一、1. length 2. to maintain 3. lowered 4. Located 5. in ger“危险,风险”;event“活动,比赛项目”;opponent“对手, 竞争者”。 二、1. We'll look into the matter first before coming to a decision. 2. I heard the voices,but couldn't make out what they were 12.A由上文内容和下文的“by about 1oo'local'bikerswho saying. were usedtosuchroads”可知,作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑 3. You may use the book so long as you will return it on time 行者超过,故用passed。convince“使确信,使相信,使信 4. The children are longing for the holidays. 服”;admire“钦佩,赞赏” [话题阅读精练] 13.D 结合上文可知,作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战,又被大约 一、完形填空 百人超过,作者受挫了,因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有 1. C 上文中的“I've been motivated-and demotivated-by 吸引力了,故用appealing。reliable“可信赖的,可依靠的” other folks'achievements allmy life”提到作者会因为别人的 convenient“实用的,便利的”;familiar“熟悉的,常见到的, 成就而受到激励。结合下文的“Feelingmotivated,Istarted 常听说的”。 running”可知,此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比 14.B 结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept...be my own” 赛,作者因此受到了激励。故用won。quit“退出”。 可知,经过跑步和骑行这两件事情,作者已经逐渐相信目标 2. A 结合语境和常识可知,作者受到了激扇,因此应是开始 应是为自己而设的,因此作者成长了、成熟了,故用ma 定期跑步,故用regularlv。silentlv“悄悄地,静静地”:proud tured。 ly“得意地,自豪地”。 15.C 综合全文可知,在跑步和骑行这两件事情上,作者均受 3. D 由下文的"referring to a 52. 4-mile double marathon”可 到了他人成就的影响,但结果都失败了,故此处是说自那之 知,作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比 后作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标,这些目标都要 赛,因此她那时正在为之训练,故用training。 是为自己而设的。故用goals。limit“限制”。 4.C 受到那个女孩的影响,作者第二天就开始跑自己从未跑 二、阅读理解 过的最长距离--15英里。根据下文的“the pureboredom 【语篇导读】 这是一篇说明文。一项涉及四大洲近5万人的 of jogging”可知,作者认为慢跑无比无聊,因此其实作者本 新研究为确定最能改善成年人健康与寿命的每日步行步数, 身没有跑步的意愿,所以此处是说,老实讲,作者是讨厌跑 以及不同年龄段的人理想步数是否不同提供了新的见解。文 15英里的,故用hated。deserve“值得,应得”。 章介绍了研究发展的经过以及发现 149 培优限时练小题突破·英语 1.D 推理判断。由文章第一段“an effort to developan evi- 二、语法填空 【语篇导读】 dence-based public health message about the benefits of 这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2022北京冬奥 physical activity.....a Japanese pedometer(计步器),with 会吉祥物“冰墩墩”的走红以及背后的寓意。 no sciencetoback itup.”可知,现有的观点缺乏科学依据, 1.which 考查定语从句。句意:自从这只可爱的熊猫挥手微 本项研究旨在为科学的走路步数提供证据,由此可知本研究 笑的帖子在社交媒体上传播开来后,“冰墩墩”就成了奥运 是为了日常走路炼提供科学指导。故选D。 村、场馆以及几乎所有地方的明星。此处为“介词十关系代 2. B 理解词汇。所猜单词leveledoff之后有“meaning that 词”引导定语从句修饰先行词posts,作介词的宾语,指物,用 more steps than that provided no additional benefit for lon which。故填which。 gevity”可知多余的步数并不会增加额外的好处,由此可知步 2. incredibly 考查副词。句意:北京2022年冬奥会开幕后,冰 数到达一定量之后降低死亡的风险趋于稳定,不再变化。故 墩墩就像煎饼一样一夜之间走红。修饰动词went应用副词 incredibly,作状语。故填incredibly。 选B. 3. C 推理判断。由“for adults 60 and older, the risk of early 3.a 考查冠词。句意:这股热潮也成为社交媒体平台上的热 death leveled off at about 6, ooo-8, ooo steps per day, while 门话题。topic为可数名词,此处为泛指应用不定冠词,且 for adults younger than 60, about 8, ooo-10, ooo steps per trending是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。 4.wasselected考查时态语态。句意:事实上,“冰墩墩”从35 day.”可知年龄不同,最佳效果步数也不一样。故选C。 个国家提交5800多份参赛作品中被选为2019年北京2022 4.A 细节理解。由文章最后一段Paluch所说的“There'sa 年冬奥会的吉祥物。主语与谓语构成被动关系,描述过去发 lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is 生的动作故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为BingDwen beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little ac Dwen,谓语用单数。故填wasselected. tivity. More steps per day are better for your health."可知 5.submitted考查非谓语动词。句意:事实上,“冰墩墩”从35 不运动的人,增加走路步数对健康有益,因此可知Paluch建 个国家提交的5800多份参赛作品中被选为2019年北京 议不运动的人应该增加走路步数。故选A。 2022年冬奥会的吉祥物。语篇解读句子结构可知submit在 [话题语法特训] 句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语entries构成被动关 一、语法单句填空--名词 系,故用过去分词作定语。故填submitted。 1.height 考查名词构词。句意:当它们在潺潺的小溪边构建 6. its 考查代词。句意:它的设计背后有什么开阔思维的想 巢穴时,会建造一条跨越溪流的大坝,目的是使水维持在它 法?修饰后文名词design应用形容词性物主代词its。故 们想要的高度。at为介词,并且结合冠词the可知设空处填 填its。 名词作宾语。 7.combination 考查名词。句意:业内人士评论说,冰墩墩是 2.confusion 考查名词构词。句意:当我试图向中国的公婆描 中国文化和奥林匹克精神的伟大结合。作表语,表示“结合” 述感恩节时,我能够看到他们眼中的困惑,也能够感受到他 应用名词combination,不定冠词提示用单数。故填combi- 们脑海中正在形成的疑问。设空处在see后作宾语,故填 nation。 名词。 8.representing 考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,裹着“太空服' 3.branches考查名词复数。句意:另一项调查已经发现,整 的冰墩墩的脸被设计成一个来自未来的运动专家,代表了冬 个长城连带所有分支长21,196公里。branch分支,为可数 季运动和现代科技的完美结合。语篇解读句子结构可知re 名词,根据allof可知此处用名词复数形式。 present在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语BingDwer Dwen has a face designed to be a sports expert who come 4.shoppers 考查名词构词和复数形式。句意:当他的母亲没 fromthefuture构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填 有能力给他买他很想要的玩具熊猫时,他在玩具盒子上写了 representing。 一个令人同情的便条,求其他顾客不要买这个玩具。根据空 9.with考查介词。句意:因此,冰墩墩是一只具有高度科技 前的other可知,此处表示“其他顾客”,属于复数意义,应用 意识的大熊猫。后跟名词作宾语,表示“具有”应用介词 名词复数形式。 with。故填with。 5.disadvantages 考查名词构词和复数形式。句意:与传统的 10.memories 考查名词的数。句意;希望可爱、该谐、高科技的 贸易模式相比,他们不必花钱租凭房屋。然而,网上购物仍 “冰墩墩”将成为奥运史上经典而又永短的记忆。memory为 然有一些缺点。由However可知,这里与上一句形成转折, 可数名词,由countless修饰应用复数形式。故填memories。 介绍网购的缺点。disadvantage是可数名词,和some搭配 应用复数形式 话题五 历史、社会与文化 6.apology 考查名词构词。句意:--Dave,去向你妈妈道 数。--我愿意去,但是我担心她并不会对我的道歉感到满 Unit 16 意。根据空前形容词性物主代词my可知为名词。apologize 文化习俗与传统节日 的名词形式是apology。 [话题词汇填空] 7.essays;stories 考查名词复数。句意:这本集子是由诗、散 基础默写 文和短篇小说三部分组合而成的。根据and和poems判断。 Words 8. lives;children考查名词复数。句意;这套设备已经挽救了 1.行进,行军 2.n.面具v.掩饰,掩盖 3.n.团,块;大量adj. 许多新生儿的生命。 大规模的 4.成熟的 5.活动 6.新闻媒体,传媒 7.(使)融 9.women's 考查名词复数和所有格。句意:红瑶族人民认为 化,(使)熔化 8.adj.纪念的n.纪念物,纪念碑 9.修理,修补 女人的长发象征着长寿,会带来财富和好运。 10.仁慈,怜悯,宽恕 11.风俗习惯 12.金属 13.温和的,温 10. differences 暖的,轻微的 14.象征 15.宴会 16.悲惨的,可怜的 150