题型2阅读理解-【指南针·中考1对1】2025年中考英语初中学业水平考试指导（人教版）

一对一初中学业水平考试指导·英语J 题型二 阅读理解 类型一 选择型阅读理解 题型解读 技巧①细节理解 (一)（对应侧栏1~5小题） (1)读懂题干，根据其中的关键信息，运 Some time ago,a man punished his 3-year-old daughter 用略读、扫读，跳读的方法，在文章中寻找相for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper.Money was short 关语句： and he became angry when the child tried to make a box. (2)与题干仔细核对，选出正确答案。 However,the little girl brought her gift to her father the 1.Why did the little girl make a box?()next morning and said,"This is for you,Daddy." A.To have fun. B.To keep her money. ①细节理解。定位第1题。由此句可知，女孩制作盒子是为了 给父亲一个礼物。故选C。 C.To give her father a gift. The man was happy,but he became angry again when D.To make her father angry he found out the box was empty.He shouted at her,"Don't 2.What made the father angry again?( A.The empty box. ②细节理解。定位第2题。由此句可知，空盒子又让父亲生气 B.The magic gift. 了。故选A。 C.The girl's kisses. you know when you give someone a present,there should D.The girl's tears. be something inside?"The little girl looked up at him with 技巧②词义/句意猜测 tears in her eyes and cried,"Oh,Daddy,it is not empty.I (1)根据上下文语境猜测词义/句意； blew kisses into the box.They're all for you,Daddy."The (2)根据定义或释义猜测词义。如果该father was moved.He put his arms around his little girl, 词或短语后有定语或同位语，或使用冒号、and he begged(恳求)for her forgiveness. 破折号、引号及mean,that is to say,be known as,refer to等对该词进行解释或定 ③词义猜测。定位第3题。根据“I blew kisses into the box. They're all for you,.Daddy..我把吻吹进了盒子里。它们都是给您 义，那就从这些内容中猜测出词义： 的，爸爸。”以及“The father was moved.父亲被感动了，”可知，听到 (3)根据举例猜测词义/句意。注意for 女儿的话后，父亲对刚才的吼叫感到抱歉，所以是恳求女儿的原谅。 example,.such as,like等词后面的内容； 故选D, (4)根据同义词、近义词或反义词猜测 One day,an accident took the life of the child.The 词义： father still kept that gold box by his bed for many years and (5)根据生活常识猜测词义/句意： whenever he was discouraged,he would take out an (6)根据构词法猜测词义 imaginary kiss and remember the love of the child who had ·112· 第三版块重难题型点拨 put it there. 3.What is the Chinese meaning of the word “forgiveness”？(） ④推理判断。定位第4题。许多年来，父亲一直把那个金盒子 A.愤怒 B.感谢 放在他的床边。每当他感到气馁的时候，他就会从盒子里取出一个 C.道歉 D.原谅 假想的吻，怀念女儿给予自己特殊的爱。可知，女儿去世了，但父亲 还是保留了这份礼物，说明父亲深深地思念女儿。故选B 技巧3 推理判断 In a very real sense,we have been given a gold box (1)细节判断—一根据题千中的关键信 filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, 息，确定原文中要依据的范围，再按题意进 family members and friends.There are simply no other 行推理判断： (2)文章出处推断—根据本文章的内 ⑤标题归纳。定位第5题。本文围绕“一个爱的礼物”描述了一 容或格式直接判断，如：介绍新产品的多位 位父亲和女儿之间的故事。故进A。 广告：叙述最新发生的事情多为新闻：还有 things anyone could hold more precious than this. 来源于网站、报纸、杂志上的文化、旅游、健 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲和女儿之 康、科技等栏目： 间的故事。女儿为他准备了礼物，但没有被理解，造成了误会。后来 (3)作者观点或写作意图推断一重点 孩子去世了，父亲保留了女儿给他的礼物 理解首尾段，提炼出作者的观点或写作的 (二)（对应侧栏6小题） 目的： It is reported that the cost of living has been rising (4)针对文章人物性格推断。 around the world in recent years.In the study,214 cities4.What can we know from the third worldwide were surveyed.So,which cities are the most paragraph?( expensive to live in?￥ A.The girl hated her father. ⑥主旨/段落大意。定位第6题。可知文章主要介绍了对214 B.The man missed his kid deeply. 个城市生活成本的调查报告结果。故选C。 C.The box was really full of kisses. Tokyo.Japan D.The accident nearly killed the girl. Tokyo is one of the most expensive places to live in. There are aso wo other Japanese cities that have made the技巧④ 标题归纳 top 10 list this year:Osaka and Nagoya.Now,Tokyo is (1)根据主题句提炼出标题： about one third more expensive than Karachi,which is the (2)关注核心及高频词汇。 least expensive city among the 214 cities. 5.Which is probably the best title for the Monthly rent,luxury 2-bedroom apartment:US passage？(） $4,848 A.A Gift of Love Cup of coffee:US $8.29 B.A Sad Accident Fast food meal:US $8.29 C.A Strange Gold Box D.A Father's Great Love ·113· 一对一初中学业水平考试指导·英语R) 技 巧5)主旨/段落大意 (三)（对应侧栏7小题） (1)寻找主题句，认真阅读文章的首尾 Why didn't Jay's legs grow with the rest of his body? 段或每段的首尾句，有时还隐含在文中： At five feet six inches(英寸)，he was one of the shortest (2)无明显主题句时找高频信息词，即boys in his class.He was the shortest in his own family,and 文中反复出现的紧扣主题的中心词，或根据he was even shorter than his little sister-by three inches! 文中的细节分析、概括出文章或段落的 主题。 ⑦数字计算。定位第7题。可知杰的身高是5英尺6英寸，比 他的小妹妹矮3英寸，所以杰的小妹妹的身高为5英尺9英寸。故 6.What does the passage mainly talk about? 选C。 () (四)（对应侧栏8~9小题） A.An introduction of Asian cities. Governments around the world are pushing for an end B.The most suitable cities to live in. to plastic straws(吸管)and bags..More and more C.A survey result of 214 cities businesses are turning to paper products as a choice.Paper worldwide. is considered by many to be better than plastic.However, D.The 3 most expensive Asian cities toit,too,is harmful to the environment. live in. Firstly,paper bags and straws are made from trees. 技巧6数字计算 Trees,as you know,can reduce(减少)carbon dioxide(三氧 首先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比 levels in the atmosphere.They can slow down 分析、计算等得出正确的答案。 ⑧代词指代。定位第8题。可知是介绍树的优点，树能使气候 7.How tall was Jay's little sister?( 变化慢下来。故选B。 A.Six feet. climate()change.An increase in the use of paper bags B.Five feet six inches. can cause more acts of cutting down trees. C.Five feet nine inches. Secondly,products made from paper require more D.Five feet three inches. energy and water.About 10 percent more energy and four 技巧7)代词指代 times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a 找到代词所在句，先在代词前面的内容plastic one.You might say that we can use recycled paper to 中擅索原词，再根据单复数一致和人称一数save that energy and water..This seems to be a good idea. 的语法原则排除选项，最后将所选的答案代 However,it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand new 入句中，进行验证。 paper bag.Products made from recycled paper are also often 8.What does the underlined word“They”in short-lived. Paragraph 2 refer to?( Thirdly,paper products are heavier than plastic ones. A.Plastic products. That means they require more oil to transport.Seven trucks B.Trees. are needed to transport two million paper bags,while only C.Paper produets. one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic D.Businesses. bags.The increased weight also leads to a large amount ·114· 第三版块重难题型点拨 of waste once the bags are thrown away. 技巧⑧写作意图 Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the 写作意图与文章主旨密切相关。因此， environment and businesses.They are more expensive than解答此类试题与解答主旨大意题和标题归 纳题一样，要采用略读法，即重点关注文章 plastic products.A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, 的首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓 while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. 住文章主旨，然后由主旨来推断作者的写作 The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid目的。 9.By writing this article,the writer mainly single-use products altogether.Products like glass water wanted to bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. Dcompare plastic products with paper They are much better than either paper products or plastic ones 2correct people's wrong ideas about products.Through increasing the use of these products,you paper products can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make 3suggest people use reusable products our Earth a greener place! like steel straws Olist the advantages and disadvantages ⑨写作意图。阅读文章可知，本文主要通过向人们介绍纸产品 of using paper products 的缺点，来纠正人们对纸产品的错误观念并号召人们使用可重复使 A.①② B.③④ 用的产品。故选D。 C.①④ D.②③ 中考链接 A(2024·德阳) Scarfe got to work with an AR glasses A new and exciting invention now allows maker.Six months later,a new pair of AR deaf people to see conversations in real time. glasses came out. Using augmented reality (AR)glasses and a The glasses first receive the audio(音频) smartphone,deaf and hearing-impaired people and send it to a connected smartphone.The phone then creates subtitles from that audio. are also able to join in everyday conversations. With the help of software,these subtitles The AR glasses were developed by Dan appear on the user's glasses screen. Scarfe after he had dinner with his family.The The company first tested the glasses in the man saw his hearing-impaired grandfather UK.The UK was chosen as a testing ground sitting alone in silence while the rest of the because over 12 million adults in Britain have family were talking excitedly.This reminded hearing loss.However,when the product goes him of his grandfather who was always global,it could change the lives of some 430 watching TV shows with subtitles(字幕). million people.This is about 5%of the world's Because of this experience,he realized that he population and includes 70 million people with should do something to help. total hearing loss. ·115· 一对一初中学业水平考试指导·英语R则 This is a game changer for the deaf.Mark scientists are doing throughout the world.It is a Atkinson,who is using the AR glasses,says, way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing "As a deaf person,I am blown away by this new incorrect conclusions.There are usually four technology.When I tried on the glasses for the steps in the scientific method,including observation first time,I was so amazed.Real-time subtitles (观察)，hypothesis(假设)，experiment and made me become part of the conversation as conclusion. never before. The first step is usually observation and ()1.Who is the new invention helpful for? asking a question about your observation.For A.Workers with writing problems. example,you had a sick stomach and ate a piece B.Teenagers with reading problems. of chocolate.Two hours later,you observed that C.People with hearing problems. you felt better.Here you can ask a question D.Grandparents with speech problems. such as "What makes a sick stomach feel ()2.Where did Scarfe's idea of the new better?” invention come from? The next step is to state a possible A.TV shows. hypothesis,such as"A piece of chocolate makes B.A smartphone. a sick stomach feel better."A good hypothesis C.An AR glasses maker. includes three things:it can explain the D.His experience with his family. observations;it can be tested and it will usually ()3.What does the underlined part "blown predict new conclusions. away"probably mean? The third step is the experiment,to test the A.惊奇的 B.冷静的 hypothesis.An experiment is a test which will C.害怕的 D.生气的 either support or challenge the hypothesis.The ()4.Where can we probably read this hypothesis will then be true or false. passage? The final step is to think about what A.In a travel guide. happened when you tested the hypothesis and B.In a science magazine. draw a conclusion.The conclusion will either C.In a history book. clearly support the hypothesis or it will not.If D.In a movie poster. the results support the hypothesis,a conclusion B(2024·通辽) can be written.If they don't support the The scientific method is used for simple hypothesis,you may choose to change the experiments(实验)that students may do in the hypothesis or write a new one based on what classroom or very difficult experiments that was learned during the experiment. ·116· 第三版块重难题型点拨 ()1.The scientific method can help you. D.An experiment does not have to be A.get rid of a sick stomach part of the scientific method. B.pass a test ( )4.What does the underlined word "it"in C.draw correct conclusions the last paragraph refer to? D.feel better A.The conclusion. ()2.What does a good hypothesis include? B.The observation. Dexplaining the observations C.The hypothesis. ②being tested D.The question. ③doing experiments ()5.Which sentence can best express the 4predicting new conclusions main idea of the passage? A.①②③ B.②③④ A.What makes a sick stomach feel C.①③④ D.①②④ better? )3.What can we learn about the experiment B.The conclusion will sometimes from the passage? clearly support the hypothesis. A.An experiment can offer you a C.How do the four basic steps in the learning method. scientific method work? B.An experiment is a test to either D.Learning the scientific method may support or challenge a hypothesis. help students succeed in science. C.An experiment is only used when 请完成“精练册”中P82的对应练习 scientists are trying to prove a hypothesis. 学习助记 ·117· 一对一初中学业水平考试指导·英语R则 类型二 还原型阅读理解 题型解读 ● Have you ever counted the number of digits()in your mobile phone number?1 You ①根据空前句“Have you ever counted the number of digits(位)in your mobile phone number?”及下一句 “You may sometimes find it hard to remember your number."可知空处与“number”有关，结合备选项可知B项 “Your number has eleven digits."与空前的“the number of digits(位)in your mobile phone number'"相呼应。故 选B。 may sometimes find it hard to remember your number.That's because China has the longest mobile phone numbers in the world.Why is that? 2 Each has a different meaning.The first three digits tell you which mobile phone service ②此句是本段的首句。根据全文语篇的设置特点可知空处为该段的主题句：再结合本段内容，尤其是“Eah has a different meaning.The first three digits tell you which mobile phone..”可知此处与手机号码被分成几部分 有关，结合备选项可知D项符合语境。故选D。 provider you are using.The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered.And the last four digits are random. The main reason for using 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world.3 ③根据空后一句“But as mobile phone users grew,there were not enough numbers for us to use..”可知此处表 示曾经使用的电话号码位数，结合备选项可知A项符合语境。故选A。 But as mobile phone users grew,there were not enough numbers for us to use.So we began to use 11 digits starting from 1999.Eleven digits can be used to create tens of billions of mobile phone numbers. 4 ④根据空前一句“Eleven digits can be used to create tens of billions of mobile phone numbers.”可知空处与 号码数字是否足够使用相关，结合备选项可知F项符合语境。故选F。 Besides China,Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers.But their numbers always start with 0.5 Countries like the United States,Australia and India use phone ⑤根据空前一句“But their numbers always start with C.”可知空处是与我国作比较，结合备选项可知E项 “所以他们不能像我们一样创造更多的数字”符合语境。故选E。 numbers with 10 digits.Canada's mobile phone numbers are perhaps the shortest in the world.They use seven digits. A.We once had 10-digit numbers. B.Your number has eleven digits. C.But short numbers are easy to remember. D.The 11 digits can be divided into three parts. E.So they can't create as many numbers as we can. F.That's enough for each of us to use 7 or 8 phone numbers. ·118· 第三版块重难题型点拨 ● 中考链接 A(2024·贵州) B(2024·威海) Asking for advice is not so easy.In a recent I really need a snack!Should I eat a study,74 percent of people said they were afraid banana or a bowl of ice cream?Well,ice cream, to ask for advice.But people who ask for advice of course...,but wait.Am I making the right are more likely to succeed at a task.So how do choice? you ask for advice?1 A snack is any food that you eat between Look for the best person to give you meals.1 But be sure to think about what advice.It might be easy to ask all your friends you're about to put in your stomach! on social media for advice at once,but will you 2 Snacks such as nuts,fruit,low-sugar value all the advice equally(同等地)？2_It might be better to choose one or two people yogurt and popcorn are good choices.These whose opinions you value most.Ideally(最理想 snacks have important nutrients(营养成分). 的是).you can ask for advice from people who 3 A sweet candy bar can make you feel have experience in the topic you're asking energetic when you eat it.But after a while,you about. may feel uncomfortable,sleepy or unable to Provide enough information clearly.For focus on anything.But snacking on healthy food example,imagine you can't decide how to can keep you full of energy through the day. organize a club activity.When you ask for Not all sugars are bad for you.Fresh fruit advice,you should mention the topic,the place has natural sugars that your body needs.4 and the time.3 If your questions require a Your body can digest(消化)that kind of sugar lot of thought,you should ask the person for very quickly.Then you get a sudden increase in advice when he or she is clear-headed. sugar,and shortly after that you fall asleep. ·Be specific(具体的)when you ask Foods with added sugar also don't have many questions.Imagine you want to own a business nutrients. someday.Do you ask a business owner,"4 5 So when you want to eat a snack,be "No,because it's not specific enough.Instead wise! try asking,"What college classes did you find helpful for starting a business?" A.Eating a snack isn't a bad thing. 5 If you can't solve your problem by B.Eating snacks is bad for your health. C.Snacks with lots of sugar,salt and fat are following the first person's advice,why not ask unhealthy. someone else who may think differently?The D.But snacks such as candy and chips have added key is:Don't be afraid to ask for advice. sugar. A.Probably not. E.You need to eat all kinds of food in order to stay B.The answer is yes! healthy. C.Here are some ways for you. F.If you want to eat between meals,choose D.What advice do you have for me? something healthy. E.You should also consider when to ask. 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