专题07 阅读理解之说明文（南通中考真题+中考模拟）-备战2025年中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(南通专用)

专题07 阅读理解之说明文 (南通中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） Linda is looking through the website http://www.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性). but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries, such as India and South Kores, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1．In which part of the website may you find this passage? A．Culture. B．Fashion. C．Health. D．Literature, 2．From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A．the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B．the act of traditional exercise requires more attention C．dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D．dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” 3．How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A．Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. B．Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C．Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. D．Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Dancing helps to cure illness B．Dancing helps to better yourself C．Dancing helps to change moods D．Dancing helps to reduce loneliness （2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think creativity can just be expressing themselves through everyday acts and they are born creative because it is not an all-or-nothing quality or skill. Whether or not we realize it, we all have the ability to express creativity. Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different. Are you someone who loves to read comics? Perhaps it is time you create one of your own. Don’t worry if you cannot draw very well or feel that you cannot write humorous reports for characters. Nobody says this is an exam! You only have to please yourself, to gain the satisfaction that you try something new, all on your own. If you feel easy, you can of course share it with our loved ones, or post it on social media, Are you someone who likes to express yourself in writing? Try writing a blog. This is like the new version of a diary. In your blog, you can write about your thoughts, opinions and experiences. You can also write stories or plays, if you feel up to it! The blog provides you with a platform to create something new every day, in written forms. Are you someone who likes to be alone? Now, think about the things that make you happy. Find a small place in your room, or any place in your home, where you can spend time with yourself. It can be a small corner next to your bed or a wall. It can be a poster of your favourite rock star or photos of your friends. You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading. Some of you may like flowers, candles or pretty things. Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like. That is creativity! And if you do feel bored with this, you can change, add or remove something. By realizing the chances in our daily lives to inspire our creativity, no matter how small, we may become more comfortable with taking bigger creative leaps in other aspects of our lives. 1．How does the writer begin the article? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing opinions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5, what does the writer suggest? A．Trying something new. B．Avoiding something dangerous C．Trying something difficult. D．Avoiding something expensive. 3．In what ways can we show our creativity according to the article? ① playing the piano         ② receiving flowers              ③ keeping calm ④ writing blogs            ⑤ watching plays                ⑥ decorating rooms A．②③⑥ B．①③⑤ C．①④⑥ D．②④⑤ 4．The purpose of the article is to________. A．offer us all kinds of ideas and experiences B．teach us knowledge of different life skills C．encourage us to make something important D．ask us to develop creativity through small acts （2023·江苏南通·中考真题）Climate change (气候变化) has brought a serious warning to the living areas of the Siberian crane, increasing the need to better protect the birds and their migratory channels (迁徙路径), an expert said. The Siberian crane breeds (繁殖) in northeast Siberia in Russia and flies to Poyang Lake for the winter in East China’s Jiangxi Province. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season in Poyang. Qian Fawen, a research professor from the National Bird Banding Center of China, said that Poyang’s water levels decide whether it is suitable for the birds to live there. However, climate change has made the levels change often. “In some years, the lake experiences floods; in others, it experiences droughts. Both of these situations create food shortages in the cranes’ living area,” he said. The Siberian crane is listed as seriously endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. “We need to protect their living area, which is mainly wetland, so that we can protect them,” Qian said. In the recently announced National Action Plan for the Protection of Bird Migration Channels (2021-35), 1, 140 places in China were considered as important breeding grounds, wintering grounds and staying stops, including Poyang and the Yellow River wetland in Ningxia. The plan said that the government should watch and count the number of migratory birds and pay farmers for losses caused by the birds. Since China joined the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1992, it has designated (指定) 202,600 hectares of wetland as Wetlands of International Importance. They store and clean water, keep all kinds of living things, help store floods and prevent droughts. According to a plan announced by the central government in October, by 2025, China will have protected 55 percent of its wetlands. After the Wetlands Protection Law, the nation’s first law to protect wetlands, was introduced on June 1, 2022, complete protection was strengthened. The law clearly explained what the government should do and introduced strict punishment for people who destroy wetland areas. It limits building at important national wetlands and it doesn’t allow harmful activities, including using them as farmlands, leaving wastewater everywhere, harvesting and fishing too much. Key nature reserve management offices in China have reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands, including some new rare kinds. ▲ 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4? A．About 95 percent of the Siberian cranes spend their winter in Poyang Lake. B．Climate change has little influence on the Siberian cranes’ living area in Poyang. C．The Siberian cranes will live in Poyang all year round if the wetland is protected. D．Water levels decide that Poyang Lake isn’t suitable for the Siberian cranes to live. 2．Which of the following behaviors is right at important wetlands? ①building houses    ②making farmlands    ③limiting fishing ④leaving wastewater    ⑤watching birds A．①③ B．②④ C．③⑤ D．②⑤ 3．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．The problem the Siberian cranes face and the ways people protect wetlands. B．The reason why the Siberian cranes migrate and the place they usually stay in. C．The importance of protecting the Siberian cranes and the result it will lead to. D．The loss of wetlands and the actions that have already been taken to help them. 4．What will the writer probably continue to write in “ ” in Paragraph 8? A．People have done something to protect wetlands. B．The number of the birds has increased in wetlands. C．Experts will go on to do other research on wetlands. D．The government will make more laws to protect wetlands. （2023·江苏南通·中考真题）The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from June 20 to July 7. Sixty-five works will be put on both in theaters and online. “The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest technology,” says Liu Chang, manager of the festival, who is also a drama director. Technology has improved design, performances and so on. Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future. A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui, inspired (赋予灵感) by the two-part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, will be on as the opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play, Meng introduces the story to 400 real audiences (观众) sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing. The second half of the play will have more audiences, who use their cellphones, computers and headsets to be part of the play online. Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work, inspired by Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, will be shown from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes. “The stage (舞台) design is done by AI, which is like an assistant realizing the ideas of me and my team,” says Liu, “Now I try to use the latest technology, such as ChatGPT, to write the script, and I am still working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.” Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship between people and the latest technology, especially when connected in drama—a scene to dream. 1．Which of the following is true according to this passage? A．Liu doubts whether technology can greatly improve drama. B．Meng’s two-part drama Faust will be on at the opening. C．Audiences can explore the scene of Liu’s work by AI. D．Liu has managed to write the script by ChatGPT. 2．What does the underlined word “fictitious” mean in Paragraph 3? A．colorful B．unreal C．fantastic D．boring 3．What is the structure of this passage? (1=Paragraph 1, 2-Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．A drama festival B．Human imagination C．Drama of the future D．AI-assisted technology （2022·江苏南通·中考真题）As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician. Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years. In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city. “Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing,” Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong’s stall. Simon couldn’t resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn’t get the wanted shape though he tried several times. “It looks simple, but actually it’s very difficult to master the skill,” he said. Thanks to Xiong’s helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. “Can’t believe I’ve done this,” he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something “truly amazing”. Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. “My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child,” he said. Xiong’s wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects. “None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world,” Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage,” Xiong said. Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family’s story. 1．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines? a. Making it into a sugar ball.    b. Stretching it to make a tube. c. Pulling off some heated syrup.    d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes. A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d 2．The underlined word “resist” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．be praised by B．stop oneself from C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of 3．Which of the following is true according to the article? A．Xiong’s son blows up a horse with his father’s help. B．Xiong’s wife is also good at making sugar figurines. C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines. D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art B．A new modern trend C．A balance between beauty and taste D．Tasty sugar figurines （2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Many Chinese primary and middle-school students can’t do housework today and do not take such work seriously. As a result, some are unable to cook or wash their own clothes when they enter college. The Ministry of Education has recently released the new curriculum standard(新课程标准) for housework education for students from Grade 1 to Grade 9, making it an independent course that students must take at least once a week. The new standard requires students in Grade 1-2 to learn to sweep the floor, Grade 3-4 to learn to plant cabbages, and Grade 5-6 to master the skills of cooking two to three dishes. Students in junior middle schools will learn to repair simple electrical machines. This new standard has been widely welcomed by the public. Wang: We all know the importance of housework education. However, at home, some students are unable to do the simplest housework, as their parents insist they should devote themselves to study. Some of them gradually grow to be unwilling to do any kind of housework. Housework education is supposed to raise students’ interest in labor, help them experience different kinds of housework and, most importantly, correct their attitudes toward labor. The housework course will become an important step to develop and improve personalities of students. Li: In order for students to develop in an all-round way, it’s absolutely necessary to add the housework course to school curriculums, which aims to encourage students in primary and secondary schools to progressively learn and love housework. It is important to make the housework class interesting, so that the students will really gain some practical skills. For this reason, schools should add professional(专业的) teachers to give the classes, instead of adding this new stress on parents and other teachers who are already busy with their daily work. Zhang: Some people think it’s unnecessary to waste time on learning housework. If you want to have a meal, you can order food online, and for electrical machine repairs, you can ask for specialized help. However, people with the basic skills for daily life can go much more confidently and smoothly through everyday life. It is the first step in encouraging young students to develop a healthy concept(观念) of labor and to be able to take care of themselves in daily life. 1．Which of the following is true according to the new curriculum standard? A．Students in Grade 1-2 should learn to plant cabbages. B．Students in Grade 5-6 should learn to cook 2-3 dishes. C．Students in Grade 3-4 can repair simple electrical machines. D．Students should take the housework course at least twice a week. 2．According to Wang, why can’t some students do any basic housework? A．Because students don’t realize the importance of labor. B．Because housework can’t improve students’ personalities. C．Because housework classes are not interesting as expected. D．Because their parents require them to spend more time on study. 3．Which of the following opinions comes from Li? A．Ordering food online is a good way for students to save time. B．Non-professional teachers should help give housework classes. C．Students get useful skills and confidence through housework classes. D．Teachers of the housework course are expected to make classes interesting. 4．The passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．the importance of the housework course B．the new stress on both teachers and parents C．different opinions on the housework course D．the concept of the new curriculum standard （2021·江苏南通·中考真题）In December 2020, “the Super Apple” appeared at supermarkets across China, sweeter and juicier than usual ones, without pesticide residue(农药残留). Before reaching the market, the products had been tested over 500 times. Blockchain(区块链) technology in recording farmers’ actions is widely used to avoid nonstandard pesticide use. Digital technology at the apple storage helps to group apples, which can keep the stability(稳定性)  in the quality. “The future of agriculture lies in the modern technology.” Huang Jikun, Professor of the China Centre for Agricultural Policy at Peking University, told Beijing Review. At China’s Central Rural Work Conference in 2020, President Xi stressed that efforts must be made to increase the quality of agriculture. Xi also pointed out the importance of speeding up technologies. China’s agriculture has entered a stage of high-quality development, as the country is meeting people’s increasing need for high standard products. So agriculture should turn to technology. Three years ago, Yuan Longping led a program of planting rice in saline－alkali(盐碱) soil in areas, including Xinjiang and Heilongjiang. Through hybrid technology, Yuan’s team have been able to raise improved rice for saline and alkaline soils. If China could put 6.67 million hectares of saline－alkali soil into rice production, it would be very likely to increase by around 30 million tons, a huge contribution to the country. In Lushui, Yunnan Province, one can rarely see farmers working on the farm. All common tasks are completed automatically(自动化地). Data(数据)  is gathered by the system to improve future production. “More information and technology centres will be built so that basic data and big data can be improved, and technologies like 5G and the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System can be used in the field.”said Han Fujun, Deputy Chief Engineer of the Information Center of MARA． Since 2010, the Chinese government has been organizing technology exchanges, training, field trips and other activities for the agricultural technology talents to better understand the situations of each area. Because of the COVID-19, companies begin to rethink better agricultural models,  as more people want to eat healthier foods. Science and technology will play a more important role in the future. 1．Which of the following makes ”the Super Apple” sweeter and juicier? A．The apple storage. B．The modern technology. C．The product test. D．The record of farmers’ actions. 2．From the passage we know that ________. A．traditional Chinese agriculture is out of date now B．farmers will pay less attention to technologies C．China’s agriculture plays a lead role in the world D．people now need more quality agricultural products 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Yuan’s program is a huge contribution to China. B．Farmers are busy collecting the data in Lushui. C．5G and BeiDou system are rarely used in the centres. D．Talents organize activities to understand each area. 4．The passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．Yuan Longping is a great Chinese scientist in farming B．China’s agriculture develops fast to meet people’s need C．science and technology improves China’s agriculture D．more agricultural models will appear after COVID-19 （2024·江苏南通·二模） What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear any more? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where do these clothes end up? It’s reported that 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills every year. This means that every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill. Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are one of these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up 20 percent of donated clothes, said the Guardian. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or treated as waste. The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles (海龟) can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. The waste is also hurting the economy (经济), Ernest Ijawan, a worker at a landfill in Ghana, told Forbes. Fishers can’t catch as many fish as before since most of the things they catch are clothes. According to another survey, many fast fashion clothes are worn only 7 to 10 times, and then they are thrown away. Around 15 years ago, this number was 10 to 15 times. People maybe haven’t realized that our clothes can be bad for the environment. But that’s the fact. So please think twice before we buy clothes or throw them away. 1．The writer explains his point by ________. A．listing numbers B．telling stories C．giving examples D．both A and C 2．How did a piece of old clothes in Ghana end up on the beach? ①Nobody bought it.                           ②There was no place for landfills. ③The person donated it to charity.              ④It was treated as waste. ⑤It was put in one charity shop. A．⑤③①④② B．⑤②④③① C．③⑤①④② D．③⑤②④① 3．The writer thinks our clothes can be bad for the environment because ________. A．as it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger B．charity shops only sell up 20 percent of donated clothes C．every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill D．the beaches of Ghana are covered with clothing waste 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The harm our clothes do to the environment. B．The ways to deal with the clothes we don’t want to wear. C．The reasons why there is so much clothing waste. D．The introduction of the world’s largest secondhand clothing market. （2024·江苏南通·二模）Every year, China holds an important meeting known as the “Two Sessions”, where leaders and representatives gather to discuss and plan the country’s future. One of the key topics often brought up is the development of new quality productivity. But what exactly does this mean, and why is it so important? Let’s explore this interesting topic together. What is New Quality Productivity? New quality productivity refers to the creation and improvement of products and services using advanced technologies and innovative methods. Unlike traditional productivity, which focuses on increasing the quantity (数量) of goods using the same methods, new quality productivity aims to enhance the quality, efficiency, and value of products and services. This involves using new technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, green energy, and more. What’s Included? Technology Innovation: This includes the development of new technologies and the improvement of existing ones to make products better and production processes more efficient. Sustainable development: Using renewable energy sources or environmentally friendly materials to make production more sustainable (可持续性) and reduce harm to our planet. High-Quality Standards: Focusing on producing goods and services that meet high-quality standards to satisfy customers and create a better reputation for businesses. Digital Transformation (数字化转型): Applying digital technologies to all aspects of business, from manufacturing to sales, to improve efficiency and provide better services to customers. Why Develop New Quality Productivity? Economic Growth: By focusing on quality rather than quantity, businesses can create more valuable and competitive products, leading to economic growth. Environmental Sustainability: Adopting (采用) sustainable practices helps protect the environment, ensuring that future generations can also enjoy our planet’s resources. Innovation and Progress: Encouraging innovation leads to the development of new products and services, pushing society forward and improving people’s lives. Meeting Consumer Demands: Today’s consumers expect high-quality, sustainable, and technologically advanced products. New quality productivity allows businesses to meet these expectations In conclusion, new quality productivity is about producing better, not just more. It’s about innovation, sustainability, and meeting the changing needs of the world. By focusing on new quality productivity, countries like China aim to ensure a prosperous and sustainable future for everyone. The Two Sessions provide a crucial platform for discussing and planning the implementation of these advancements, highlighting the country’s commitment to progress and innovation. 1．What is the main focus of new quality productivity as discussed in the article? A．Reducing the prices and costs of goods. B．Helping companies with more market share. C．Increasing the quantity of products and services. D．Improving the quality and efficiency of products and services. 2．Why is the development of new quality productivity important for economic growth? A．It focuses mainly on reducing production costs. B．It increases the number of products in the market. C．It creates more valuable and competitive products. D．It ensures a monopoly (垄断) in the market for businesses. 3．How does new quality productivity contribute to environmental sustainability? A．By reducing the production of goods. B．By increasing the use of natural gases. C．By stopping too many industrial activities. D．By adopting renewable energy sources or harmless materials. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．The importance of the Two Sessions in China. B．The meaning and aim of new quality productivity. C．The challenges facing China’s economic development. D．The role of technology in modern economic development. （2024·江苏南通·二模）The “April snow” is here! It’s not real snow, of course, it’s catkins (飞絮) from willows and poplar trees in spring. For some people, this “snow” is not welcomed. Catkins can cause allergies (过敏), making people’s noses, eyes, and skin uncomfortable. In spring, the female trees grow lots of flowers. When these flowers finish growing, they produce cotton-like seeds that spread through the air. Luckily, scientists have found many ways to control catkins. Doing “gender change surgery (变性手术)” on willow and poplar trees is one of them. People cut off the branches of female trees and replace them with branches from male trees. This cuts down the number of catkins. However, this way is slow and expensive. A skilled worker can do the “surgery” on less than ten trees a day. From 2008 to 2018, only around 1, 000 trees were treated in Beijing, reported Outlook Weekly in 2022. Scientists in Wuxi, Jiangsu, use special injections (注射剂) to reduce the number of catkins on trees. These injections make the trees mainly use their energy to grow bigger and get more leaves, not to reproduce (繁殖) and make catkins. Xu Qinming, an expert in Wuxi, told Science and Technology Daily that this method is safe for the trees. However, the trees need to get injections every year to keep the catkin numbers under control. Other than injections, the trees can also take “medicine”. This medicine can be sprayed (喷洒) onto the trees before the catkins form, which can quickly reduce catkin numbers. Still, people need to be careful about how much of the medicine they use when they use it, or they might hurt the environment. 1．What can we infer from Paragraphs 1 and 2? A．Catkins are hard to see. B．It’s normal to snow in April. C．People welcome willows. D．It’s uncomfortable to breathe in catkins. 2．How many ways are introduced to deal with catkins? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What’s the disadvantage of using injections according to the passage? A．Trees need to be injected every year. B．It needs many skilled workers to do it. C．It is slow and expensive. D．It’s bad for the trees and environment. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to control too many catkins. B．How to protect willow and polar trees. C．How to cut down harm caused by catkins. D．How to tell male and female willow trees. （2024·江苏南通·二模）Childhood memories, the first bicycle ride, the first swim in the ocean, and the beautiful wallpaper long since removed from the family home are deeply rooted in our minds. But can they be trusted? In other words, how reliable (可靠的) are our memories? Still, Carole Peterson, a professor at Memorial University who studies early childhood memory, said that both children and adults can have memories that are not true. At all ages, we are more likely to be influenced by suggestions, although it is true that younger children are more affected than older children or adults. In a study in 2011, Peterson and his team interviewed children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later. They found that events filled with emotion were more likely to stay. In addition, if the child had a clear memory rather than a confused one, it would likely be remembered. Peterson’s research has found a strong relationship between emotion and accurate (准确的) recall. This is supported by a 2015 study in which researchers interviewed preschoolers about an injury serious enough to require hospital treatment. Researchers followed up ten years later to see what these people remembered about their childhood injuries. “They were very accurate in recalling these emotional events,” Peterson said. “It was a surprise for all of us.” Sometimes, people—especially children—can form false memories. In Michael Linden’s 2013 book Hurting Memories and Beneficial Forgetting, Linden states that high social expectations can lead to the development of false memories in children who learn to reply as expected. These false memories make you feel real. It is hard to tell them from real memories. 1．Why does the author mention questions in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion. C．To show some examples. D．To compare different ideas. 2．What does Carole Peterson think of early childhood memories? A．Most of them are not true. B．They are easy to remember. C．Not all of them are accurate. D．They have a great influence on a person’s life. 3．How did Peterson’s team do the research? A．By doing some interviews. B．By referring to a survey online. C．By collecting information from hospitals. D．By following up children’s daily life for years. 4．Which statement will Michael Linden probably agree with? A．Only children can develop false memories. B．False memories will be difficult to tell from real ones. C．False memories were mainly caused by childhood injuries. D．High social expectations can help improve children’s memories. （2024·江苏南通·二模） As a child, Huang Rongbing would watch his mother, Weng Xiuzhen, comb her long and thick hair. After forming a bun at the back of her head, she would decorate it with colourful flowers, the 34-year-old man recalled. ① All the women in the small fishing village of Xunpu in Quanzhou, Fujian province, decorated their hair this way. The colorful and unique (独一无二的) headdress is known as zanhuan or zanhuawei. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. As an old saying in Xunpu goes, “put flowers in your hair in this life and you will also be pretty in the afterlife.” ② In 2016, he and his older sister opened a salon where tourists could get their hair styled in the Xunpu tradition and have their photos taken. “We have been fully booked and now there are over 200 businesses offering services to dress tourists with a zanhua,” said Huang. ③ After going through the full zanhua experience, Hu Titi, one of Huang’s customers, even brought zanhua culture to Paris in France last year. Under the Eiffel Tower, she shot photos and videos of herself dressed in traditional Chinese clothes with a zanhua in her hair. ④ The increase in tourist visits has pleased Huang not only because it is good for his business but also because it has led to greater awareness of the history and culture behind zanhua headwear. “Earning a big name for their hard work, resilience (坚韧) and compassion (同情心), the women of Xunpu are well-known for harvesting the highest quality seafood,” said Huang. “When they put a zanhua on their heads, they express their wish to look for happiness. The flowers are seen as a symbol of hope,” he added. 1．Zanhua is ________ according to the passage. A．a special flower for traditional clothes B．a common colourful paperflower C．a beautiful decoration in public places D．a colourful and unique headdress 2．The sentence “Zanhua finally woke up Huang’s career dream.” can be put into ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．The women of Xunpu like to decorate their hair with zanhua to ________. A．attract others’ attention B．become more beautiful C．show their good qualities D．feel happy and hopeful 4．The writer writes this passage to ________. A．invite people to the fishing village B．show his ability of telling old stories C．introduce one of China’s traditions D．help with Huang Rongbing’s business （2024·江苏南通·二模） Today China is the world’s biggest eater of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way. Wheat only came to northern China toward the end of the Neolithic (新石器) period, some 4,600 years ago. In the beginning, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of real need rather than a cooking pleasure. The first farmers of northern China started to grow millet (粟) as early as 11,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, wheat had become a major crop. But little was known about exactly why this shift happened. To look for the answer, I collected nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 places from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD．The places were across 8 modern provinces, from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east. One possible explanation is a major climate (气候) change, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time, the climate became colder and drier across the land, causing less and less crop production. Besides this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to imagine that Neolithic farmers in northern China were trying hard to live. Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly, it can be sowed (播种) after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat. From more terrible weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes big changes to societies. In this situation, the result of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China finally proved, delicious. 1．What can we learn about wheat from Paragraph 2? A．It was a poor choice at the beginning. B．It was grown in China 11,500 years ago. C．It was the earliest crop grown in China. D．It replaced (代替) millet for its great taste. 2．The number in Paragraph 3 shows ________. A．the writer did research widely B．the writer did the research alone C．the writer found the exact answer D．the writer was good at collecting data 3．What was probably the main reason to grow wheat in North China? A．The harvest of millet was not pleasing. B．The water there was enough at that time. C．It needed better weather conditions there. D．It was a proper sowing season after millet. 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．how millet was introduced into China B．how China became the biggest wheat eater C．why Chinese farmers turned to grow wheat D．why wheat growth was affected by climate 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读理解之说明文 (南通中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） Linda is looking through the website http://www.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性). but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries, such as India and South Kores, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1．In which part of the website may you find this passage? A．Culture. B．Fashion. C．Health. D．Literature, 2．From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A．the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B．the act of traditional exercise requires more attention C．dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D．dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” 3．How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A．Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. B．Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C．Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. D．Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Dancing helps to cure illness B．Dancing helps to better yourself C．Dancing helps to change moods D．Dancing helps to reduce loneliness 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益。 1．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，故文章可能出现在网站的“健康”部分。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“dance requires more ‘brain power’ than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises.”以及“but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities”可知舞蹈比简单的重复性运动需要更多的“脑力”，舞者组提高了更多的认知能力，所以跳舞有助于提高“脑力”。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world.”以及“I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.”可知她克服了在舞蹈课上和世界上因她的动作而受到评判的恐惧，所以她不必完美地跳舞，也不必确保她的腿以这种方式抬起——这让她对现在的状态感到舒适，所以珍妮接受了跳舞后身体的残疾。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，以选项B“跳舞有助于提升自己”为标题最合适。故选B。 （2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think creativity can just be expressing themselves through everyday acts and they are born creative because it is not an all-or-nothing quality or skill. Whether or not we realize it, we all have the ability to express creativity. Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different. Are you someone who loves to read comics? Perhaps it is time you create one of your own. Don’t worry if you cannot draw very well or feel that you cannot write humorous reports for characters. Nobody says this is an exam! You only have to please yourself, to gain the satisfaction that you try something new, all on your own. If you feel easy, you can of course share it with our loved ones, or post it on social media, Are you someone who likes to express yourself in writing? Try writing a blog. This is like the new version of a diary. In your blog, you can write about your thoughts, opinions and experiences. You can also write stories or plays, if you feel up to it! The blog provides you with a platform to create something new every day, in written forms. Are you someone who likes to be alone? Now, think about the things that make you happy. Find a small place in your room, or any place in your home, where you can spend time with yourself. It can be a small corner next to your bed or a wall. It can be a poster of your favourite rock star or photos of your friends. You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading. Some of you may like flowers, candles or pretty things. Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like. That is creativity! And if you do feel bored with this, you can change, add or remove something. By realizing the chances in our daily lives to inspire our creativity, no matter how small, we may become more comfortable with taking bigger creative leaps in other aspects of our lives. 1．How does the writer begin the article? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing opinions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5, what does the writer suggest? A．Trying something new. B．Avoiding something dangerous C．Trying something difficult. D．Avoiding something expensive. 3．In what ways can we show our creativity according to the article? ① playing the piano         ② receiving flowers              ③ keeping calm ④ writing blogs            ⑤ watching plays                ⑥ decorating rooms A．②③⑥ B．①③⑤ C．①④⑥ D．②④⑤ 4．The purpose of the article is to________. A．offer us all kinds of ideas and experiences B．teach us knowledge of different life skills C．encourage us to make something important D．ask us to develop creativity through small acts 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们都有表达创造力的能力，通往创造性生产力的道路是愿意做一些不同的事情。 1．推理判断题。根据“Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think...”可知文章开头通过不同人的观点引出了话题。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different.”并结合三段的内容可知，作者建议我们要尝试一些不同的东西。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Try writing a blog...You can also write stories or plays”可知可以写一个博客、故事或戏剧；根据“You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading”可知可以弹奏乐器；根据“Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like”可知可以装饰你的区域。故选项①④⑥可以展示我们的创造力。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们都有表达创造力的能力，通往创造性生产力的道路是愿意做一些不同的事情，所以作者是让我们通过小行为培养创造力。故选D。 （2023·江苏南通·中考真题）Climate change (气候变化) has brought a serious warning to the living areas of the Siberian crane, increasing the need to better protect the birds and their migratory channels (迁徙路径), an expert said. The Siberian crane breeds (繁殖) in northeast Siberia in Russia and flies to Poyang Lake for the winter in East China’s Jiangxi Province. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season in Poyang. Qian Fawen, a research professor from the National Bird Banding Center of China, said that Poyang’s water levels decide whether it is suitable for the birds to live there. However, climate change has made the levels change often. “In some years, the lake experiences floods; in others, it experiences droughts. Both of these situations create food shortages in the cranes’ living area,” he said. The Siberian crane is listed as seriously endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. “We need to protect their living area, which is mainly wetland, so that we can protect them,” Qian said. In the recently announced National Action Plan for the Protection of Bird Migration Channels (2021-35), 1, 140 places in China were considered as important breeding grounds, wintering grounds and staying stops, including Poyang and the Yellow River wetland in Ningxia. The plan said that the government should watch and count the number of migratory birds and pay farmers for losses caused by the birds. Since China joined the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1992, it has designated (指定) 202,600 hectares of wetland as Wetlands of International Importance. They store and clean water, keep all kinds of living things, help store floods and prevent droughts. According to a plan announced by the central government in October, by 2025, China will have protected 55 percent of its wetlands. After the Wetlands Protection Law, the nation’s first law to protect wetlands, was introduced on June 1, 2022, complete protection was strengthened. The law clearly explained what the government should do and introduced strict punishment for people who destroy wetland areas. It limits building at important national wetlands and it doesn’t allow harmful activities, including using them as farmlands, leaving wastewater everywhere, harvesting and fishing too much. Key nature reserve management offices in China have reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands, including some new rare kinds. ▲ 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4? A．About 95 percent of the Siberian cranes spend their winter in Poyang Lake. B．Climate change has little influence on the Siberian cranes’ living area in Poyang. C．The Siberian cranes will live in Poyang all year round if the wetland is protected. D．Water levels decide that Poyang Lake isn’t suitable for the Siberian cranes to live. 2．Which of the following behaviors is right at important wetlands? ①building houses    ②making farmlands    ③limiting fishing ④leaving wastewater    ⑤watching birds A．①③ B．②④ C．③⑤ D．②⑤ 3．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．The problem the Siberian cranes face and the ways people protect wetlands. B．The reason why the Siberian cranes migrate and the place they usually stay in. C．The importance of protecting the Siberian cranes and the result it will lead to. D．The loss of wetlands and the actions that have already been taken to help them. 4．What will the writer probably continue to write in “ ” in Paragraph 8? A．People have done something to protect wetlands. B．The number of the birds has increased in wetlands. C．Experts will go on to do other research on wetlands. D．The government will make more laws to protect wetlands. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了西伯利亚鹤面临的问题以及人们保护湿地的方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“About 15 percent of the birds spend the season in Poyang.”可知大约15%的鸟类在鄱阳湖度过冬天。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“the government should watch and count the number of migratory birds”可知政府应该观察和统计候鸟的数量，即⑤；根据“ it doesn’t allow harmful activities, including using them as farmlands, leaving wastewater everywhere, harvesting and fishing too much.”可知不允许过度捕捞，即要限制捕捞，即③。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了西伯利亚鹤面临的问题以及人们保护湿地的方式。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Key nature reserve management offices in China have reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands, including some new rare kinds”可知中国主要自然保护区管理办公室报告称，有更多的鸟类在中国湿地越冬，其中包括一些新的稀有物种，可见湿地的鸟类数量在增加，选项B“湿地中的鸟类数量有所增加”符合语境。故选B。 （2023·江苏南通·中考真题）The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from June 20 to July 7. Sixty-five works will be put on both in theaters and online. “The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest technology,” says Liu Chang, manager of the festival, who is also a drama director. Technology has improved design, performances and so on. Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future. A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui, inspired (赋予灵感) by the two-part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, will be on as the opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play, Meng introduces the story to 400 real audiences (观众) sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing. The second half of the play will have more audiences, who use their cellphones, computers and headsets to be part of the play online. Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work, inspired by Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, will be shown from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes. “The stage (舞台) design is done by AI, which is like an assistant realizing the ideas of me and my team,” says Liu, “Now I try to use the latest technology, such as ChatGPT, to write the script, and I am still working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.” Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship between people and the latest technology, especially when connected in drama—a scene to dream. 1．Which of the following is true according to this passage? A．Liu doubts whether technology can greatly improve drama. B．Meng’s two-part drama Faust will be on at the opening. C．Audiences can explore the scene of Liu’s work by AI. D．Liu has managed to write the script by ChatGPT. 2．What does the underlined word “fictitious” mean in Paragraph 3? A．colorful B．unreal C．fantastic D．boring 3．What is the structure of this passage? (1=Paragraph 1, 2-Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．A drama festival B．Human imagination C．Drama of the future D．AI-assisted technology 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍AI在戏剧节中的运用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future.”可知刘不确定科技是否能把戏剧带向未来。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes.”可知描述的场景与真实世界的感受类似，说明“fictitious scene”表示并非真实的场景。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出文章话题戏剧节中AI的运用；第二，三，四段介绍Meng Jinghui，Zhang Zhouxiang和Liu Chang介绍AI在此次作品和戏剧节中的运用；第五段总结全文。故文章结构是总分总的结构。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍AI在戏剧节中的运用。D项“AI辅助的科技”符合题意。故选D。 （2022·江苏南通·中考真题）As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician. Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years. In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city. “Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing,” Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong’s stall. Simon couldn’t resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn’t get the wanted shape though he tried several times. “It looks simple, but actually it’s very difficult to master the skill,” he said. Thanks to Xiong’s helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. “Can’t believe I’ve done this,” he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something “truly amazing”. Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. “My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child,” he said. Xiong’s wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects. “None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world,” Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage,” Xiong said. Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family’s story. 1．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines? a. Making it into a sugar ball.    b. Stretching it to make a tube. c. Pulling off some heated syrup.    d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes. A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d 2．The underlined word “resist” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．be praised by B．stop oneself from C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of 3．Which of the following is true according to the article? A．Xiong’s son blows up a horse with his father’s help. B．Xiong’s wife is also good at making sugar figurines. C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines. D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art B．A new modern trend C．A balance between beauty and taste D．Tasty sugar figurines 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。 1．细节理解题。根据“In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.”可知，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定的温度，取出少量，使其成为一个中心开放的球，将开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管状，然后他把空气吹进管子里，把它做成不同的形状。所以顺序是c-a-b-d ，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong’s stall. Simon couldn’t resist trying to make one himself.”可知，来自澳大利亚的西蒙被北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物“糖冰墩墩”吸引住了，西蒙忍不住想自己做一个。所以resist的意思是“抵挡”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines”可知，熊尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖人相结合，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，故选A。 （2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Many Chinese primary and middle-school students can’t do housework today and do not take such work seriously. As a result, some are unable to cook or wash their own clothes when they enter college. The Ministry of Education has recently released the new curriculum standard(新课程标准) for housework education for students from Grade 1 to Grade 9, making it an independent course that students must take at least once a week. The new standard requires students in Grade 1-2 to learn to sweep the floor, Grade 3-4 to learn to plant cabbages, and Grade 5-6 to master the skills of cooking two to three dishes. Students in junior middle schools will learn to repair simple electrical machines. This new standard has been widely welcomed by the public. Wang: We all know the importance of housework education. However, at home, some students are unable to do the simplest housework, as their parents insist they should devote themselves to study. Some of them gradually grow to be unwilling to do any kind of housework. Housework education is supposed to raise students’ interest in labor, help them experience different kinds of housework and, most importantly, correct their attitudes toward labor. The housework course will become an important step to develop and improve personalities of students. Li: In order for students to develop in an all-round way, it’s absolutely necessary to add the housework course to school curriculums, which aims to encourage students in primary and secondary schools to progressively learn and love housework. It is important to make the housework class interesting, so that the students will really gain some practical skills. For this reason, schools should add professional(专业的) teachers to give the classes, instead of adding this new stress on parents and other teachers who are already busy with their daily work. Zhang: Some people think it’s unnecessary to waste time on learning housework. If you want to have a meal, you can order food online, and for electrical machine repairs, you can ask for specialized help. However, people with the basic skills for daily life can go much more confidently and smoothly through everyday life. It is the first step in encouraging young students to develop a healthy concept(观念) of labor and to be able to take care of themselves in daily life. 1．Which of the following is true according to the new curriculum standard? A．Students in Grade 1-2 should learn to plant cabbages. B．Students in Grade 5-6 should learn to cook 2-3 dishes. C．Students in Grade 3-4 can repair simple electrical machines. D．Students should take the housework course at least twice a week. 2．According to Wang, why can’t some students do any basic housework? A．Because students don’t realize the importance of labor. B．Because housework can’t improve students’ personalities. C．Because housework classes are not interesting as expected. D．Because their parents require them to spend more time on study. 3．Which of the following opinions comes from Li? A．Ordering food online is a good way for students to save time. B．Non-professional teachers should help give housework classes. C．Students get useful skills and confidence through housework classes. D．Teachers of the housework course are expected to make classes interesting. 4．The passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．the importance of the housework course B．the new stress on both teachers and parents C．different opinions on the housework course D．the concept of the new curriculum standard 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“and Grade 5-6 to master the skills of cooking two to three dishes”可知，5-6年级掌握2到3道菜的烹饪技巧，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, at home, some students are unable to do the simplest housework, as their parents insist they should devote themselves to study.”可知，一些学生连最简单的家务都不会做，因为他们的父母坚持认为他们应该致力于学习。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“It is important to make the housework class interesting, so that the students will really gain some practical skills.”可知，李认为让家务课变得有趣是很重要的，这样学生才能真正获得一些实用技能。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法，选项A“家务课程的重要性”符合主题，故选A。 （2021·江苏南通·中考真题）In December 2020, “the Super Apple” appeared at supermarkets across China, sweeter and juicier than usual ones, without pesticide residue(农药残留). Before reaching the market, the products had been tested over 500 times. Blockchain(区块链) technology in recording farmers’ actions is widely used to avoid nonstandard pesticide use. Digital technology at the apple storage helps to group apples, which can keep the stability(稳定性)  in the quality. “The future of agriculture lies in the modern technology.” Huang Jikun, Professor of the China Centre for Agricultural Policy at Peking University, told Beijing Review. At China’s Central Rural Work Conference in 2020, President Xi stressed that efforts must be made to increase the quality of agriculture. Xi also pointed out the importance of speeding up technologies. China’s agriculture has entered a stage of high-quality development, as the country is meeting people’s increasing need for high standard products. So agriculture should turn to technology. Three years ago, Yuan Longping led a program of planting rice in saline－alkali(盐碱) soil in areas, including Xinjiang and Heilongjiang. Through hybrid technology, Yuan’s team have been able to raise improved rice for saline and alkaline soils. If China could put 6.67 million hectares of saline－alkali soil into rice production, it would be very likely to increase by around 30 million tons, a huge contribution to the country. In Lushui, Yunnan Province, one can rarely see farmers working on the farm. All common tasks are completed automatically(自动化地). Data(数据)  is gathered by the system to improve future production. “More information and technology centres will be built so that basic data and big data can be improved, and technologies like 5G and the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System can be used in the field.”said Han Fujun, Deputy Chief Engineer of the Information Center of MARA． Since 2010, the Chinese government has been organizing technology exchanges, training, field trips and other activities for the agricultural technology talents to better understand the situations of each area. Because of the COVID-19, companies begin to rethink better agricultural models,  as more people want to eat healthier foods. Science and technology will play a more important role in the future. 1．Which of the following makes ”the Super Apple” sweeter and juicier? A．The apple storage. B．The modern technology. C．The product test. D．The record of farmers’ actions. 2．From the passage we know that ________. A．traditional Chinese agriculture is out of date now B．farmers will pay less attention to technologies C．China’s agriculture plays a lead role in the world D．people now need more quality agricultural products 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Yuan’s program is a huge contribution to China. B．Farmers are busy collecting the data in Lushui. C．5G and BeiDou system are rarely used in the centres. D．Talents organize activities to understand each area. 4．The passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．Yuan Longping is a great Chinese scientist in farming B．China’s agriculture develops fast to meet people’s need C．science and technology improves China’s agriculture D．more agricultural models will appear after COVID-19 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【分析】本文主要讲述了为了满足人民群众对高标准产品的需求，需要把农业转向技术，文中列举了袁隆平团队在新疆和黑龙江等盐碱地种植水稻以及云南农民自动化完成所有的工作，更加验证了科学技术在未来将发挥更重要的作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Digital technology at the apple storage helps to group apples, which can keep the stability(稳定性) in the quality”可知，是科技让这种苹果更甜，汁更多，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“as the country is meeting people’s increasing need for high standard products”可知，人们现在需要更多的优质农产品，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“If China could put 6.67 million hectares of saline－alkali soil into rice production, it would be very likely to increase by around 30 million tons, a huge contribution to the country”可知，袁隆平带领团队成功在盐碱地种植水稻是对国家的一个巨大贡献，A选项表述正确，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在科学和科技的帮助下，农业进入了高质量发展阶段，故选C。 （2024·江苏南通·二模） What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear any more? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where do these clothes end up? It’s reported that 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills every year. This means that every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill. Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are one of these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up 20 percent of donated clothes, said the Guardian. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or treated as waste. The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles (海龟) can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. The waste is also hurting the economy (经济), Ernest Ijawan, a worker at a landfill in Ghana, told Forbes. Fishers can’t catch as many fish as before since most of the things they catch are clothes. According to another survey, many fast fashion clothes are worn only 7 to 10 times, and then they are thrown away. Around 15 years ago, this number was 10 to 15 times. People maybe haven’t realized that our clothes can be bad for the environment. But that’s the fact. So please think twice before we buy clothes or throw them away. 1．The writer explains his point by ________. A．listing numbers B．telling stories C．giving examples D．both A and C 2．How did a piece of old clothes in Ghana end up on the beach? ①Nobody bought it.                           ②There was no place for landfills. ③The person donated it to charity.              ④It was treated as waste. ⑤It was put in one charity shop. A．⑤③①④② B．⑤②④③① C．③⑤①④② D．③⑤②④① 3．The writer thinks our clothes can be bad for the environment because ________. A．as it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger B．charity shops only sell up 20 percent of donated clothes C．every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill D．the beaches of Ghana are covered with clothing waste 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The harm our clothes do to the environment. B．The ways to deal with the clothes we don’t want to wear. C．The reasons why there is so much clothing waste. D．The introduction of the world’s largest secondhand clothing market. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了来自世界各地捐赠但未售出的衣物最终成为垃圾，被丢弃在非洲西部国家加纳的海滩上，对当地经济和海洋生物造成了伤害。 1．细节理解题。根据“It’s reported that 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills every year”及“Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste”可知作者用了列数字的方法；根据“Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are one of these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste”及“The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets”可知作者使用了举例子的方法。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up 20 percent of donated clothes, said the Guardian. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or treated as waste.”可知先是世界各地的人们向慈善机构捐赠衣服，然后在慈善商店出售，未售出的衣服被放入大袋子中，运往其他国家再次出售或作为废物处理。再由“Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills.”可知最后是没有足够的空间进行垃圾填埋。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles (海龟) can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes”可知作者认为我们的衣服对环境有害，是因为当它流入大海时，鱼和其他海洋生物处于危险之中。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了来自世界各地捐赠但未售出的衣物最终成为垃圾，被丢弃在非洲西部国家加纳的海滩上，对当地经济和海洋生物造成了伤害。故选项A“我们的衣服对环境的危害”符合。故选A。 （2024·江苏南通·二模）Every year, China holds an important meeting known as the “Two Sessions”, where leaders and representatives gather to discuss and plan the country’s future. One of the key topics often brought up is the development of new quality productivity. But what exactly does this mean, and why is it so important? Let’s explore this interesting topic together. What is New Quality Productivity? New quality productivity refers to the creation and improvement of products and services using advanced technologies and innovative methods. Unlike traditional productivity, which focuses on increasing the quantity (数量) of goods using the same methods, new quality productivity aims to enhance the quality, efficiency, and value of products and services. This involves using new technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, green energy, and more. What’s Included? Technology Innovation: This includes the development of new technologies and the improvement of existing ones to make products better and production processes more efficient. Sustainable development: Using renewable energy sources or environmentally friendly materials to make production more sustainable (可持续性) and reduce harm to our planet. High-Quality Standards: Focusing on producing goods and services that meet high-quality standards to satisfy customers and create a better reputation for businesses. Digital Transformation (数字化转型): Applying digital technologies to all aspects of business, from manufacturing to sales, to improve efficiency and provide better services to customers. Why Develop New Quality Productivity? Economic Growth: By focusing on quality rather than quantity, businesses can create more valuable and competitive products, leading to economic growth. Environmental Sustainability: Adopting (采用) sustainable practices helps protect the environment, ensuring that future generations can also enjoy our planet’s resources. Innovation and Progress: Encouraging innovation leads to the development of new products and services, pushing society forward and improving people’s lives. Meeting Consumer Demands: Today’s consumers expect high-quality, sustainable, and technologically advanced products. New quality productivity allows businesses to meet these expectations In conclusion, new quality productivity is about producing better, not just more. It’s about innovation, sustainability, and meeting the changing needs of the world. By focusing on new quality productivity, countries like China aim to ensure a prosperous and sustainable future for everyone. The Two Sessions provide a crucial platform for discussing and planning the implementation of these advancements, highlighting the country’s commitment to progress and innovation. 1．What is the main focus of new quality productivity as discussed in the article? A．Reducing the prices and costs of goods. B．Helping companies with more market share. C．Increasing the quantity of products and services. D．Improving the quality and efficiency of products and services. 2．Why is the development of new quality productivity important for economic growth? A．It focuses mainly on reducing production costs. B．It increases the number of products in the market. C．It creates more valuable and competitive products. D．It ensures a monopoly (垄断) in the market for businesses. 3．How does new quality productivity contribute to environmental sustainability? A．By reducing the production of goods. B．By increasing the use of natural gases. C．By stopping too many industrial activities. D．By adopting renewable energy sources or harmless materials. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．The importance of the Two Sessions in China. B．The meaning and aim of new quality productivity. C．The challenges facing China’s economic development. D．The role of technology in modern economic development. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了新质生产力是什么，包括了什么及发展新质生产力的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“new quality productivity aims to enhance the quality, efficiency, and value of products and services”可知，新质生产力旨在提高产品和服务的质量、效率和价值。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“By focusing on quality rather than quantity, businesses can create more valuable and competitive products, leading to economic growth.”可知，通过注重质量而不是数量，企业可以创造出更有价值和更具竞争力的产品，从而促进经济增长。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Sustainable development: Using renewable energy sources or environmentally friendly materials to make production more sustainable (可持续性) and reduce harm to our planet.”可知，使用可再生能源和环保材料，使生产更具可持续性，减少对地球的危害。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“One of the key topics often brought up is the development of new quality productivity. But what exactly does this mean, and why is it so important? Let’s explore this interesting topic together.”及通读全文后可知，本文本文介绍了新质生产力是什么，包括了什么及发展新质生产力的原因。故选B。 （2024·江苏南通·二模）The “April snow” is here! It’s not real snow, of course, it’s catkins (飞絮) from willows and poplar trees in spring. For some people, this “snow” is not welcomed. Catkins can cause allergies (过敏), making people’s noses, eyes, and skin uncomfortable. In spring, the female trees grow lots of flowers. When these flowers finish growing, they produce cotton-like seeds that spread through the air. Luckily, scientists have found many ways to control catkins. Doing “gender change surgery (变性手术)” on willow and poplar trees is one of them. People cut off the branches of female trees and replace them with branches from male trees. This cuts down the number of catkins. However, this way is slow and expensive. A skilled worker can do the “surgery” on less than ten trees a day. From 2008 to 2018, only around 1, 000 trees were treated in Beijing, reported Outlook Weekly in 2022. Scientists in Wuxi, Jiangsu, use special injections (注射剂) to reduce the number of catkins on trees. These injections make the trees mainly use their energy to grow bigger and get more leaves, not to reproduce (繁殖) and make catkins. Xu Qinming, an expert in Wuxi, told Science and Technology Daily that this method is safe for the trees. However, the trees need to get injections every year to keep the catkin numbers under control. Other than injections, the trees can also take “medicine”. This medicine can be sprayed (喷洒) onto the trees before the catkins form, which can quickly reduce catkin numbers. Still, people need to be careful about how much of the medicine they use when they use it, or they might hurt the environment. 1．What can we infer from Paragraphs 1 and 2? A．Catkins are hard to see. B．It’s normal to snow in April. C．People welcome willows. D．It’s uncomfortable to breathe in catkins. 2．How many ways are introduced to deal with catkins? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What’s the disadvantage of using injections according to the passage? A．Trees need to be injected every year. B．It needs many skilled workers to do it. C．It is slow and expensive. D．It’s bad for the trees and environment. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to control too many catkins. B．How to protect willow and polar trees. C．How to cut down harm caused by catkins. D．How to tell male and female willow trees. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了柳絮和杨絮的形成原因以及科学家为减少杨絮产生而研究出来的方法。 1．推理判断题。通读第一、二段可知，此处主要讲了柳絮和杨絮形成于四月，如下雪一般，并且容易引起过敏症状，所以可推知，吸入飞絮很不舒服。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Doing ‘gender change surgery (变性手术)’ on willow and poplar trees is one of them.”、第五段中的“Scientists in Wuxi, Jiangsu, use special injections (注射剂) to reduce the number of catkins on trees.”以及最后一段中的“Other than injections, the trees can also take ‘medicine’.”可知，应对飞絮，文章提到了做变性手术、注射药物及喷洒药剂三种方式。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, the trees need to get injections every year to keep the catkin numbers under control.”可知，注射这种方法的缺点是树木需要每年注射。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了柳絮和杨絮的形成原因以及科学家为减少杨絮产生而研究出来的方法，所以A项正确。故选A。 （2024·江苏南通·二模）Childhood memories, the first bicycle ride, the first swim in the ocean, and the beautiful wallpaper long since removed from the family home are deeply rooted in our minds. But can they be trusted? In other words, how reliable (可靠的) are our memories? Still, Carole Peterson, a professor at Memorial University who studies early childhood memory, said that both children and adults can have memories that are not true. At all ages, we are more likely to be influenced by suggestions, although it is true that younger children are more affected than older children or adults. In a study in 2011, Peterson and his team interviewed children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later. They found that events filled with emotion were more likely to stay. In addition, if the child had a clear memory rather than a confused one, it would likely be remembered. Peterson’s research has found a strong relationship between emotion and accurate (准确的) recall. This is supported by a 2015 study in which researchers interviewed preschoolers about an injury serious enough to require hospital treatment. Researchers followed up ten years later to see what these people remembered about their childhood injuries. “They were very accurate in recalling these emotional events,” Peterson said. “It was a surprise for all of us.” Sometimes, people—especially children—can form false memories. In Michael Linden’s 2013 book Hurting Memories and Beneficial Forgetting, Linden states that high social expectations can lead to the development of false memories in children who learn to reply as expected. These false memories make you feel real. It is hard to tell them from real memories. 1．Why does the author mention questions in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion. C．To show some examples. D．To compare different ideas. 2．What does Carole Peterson think of early childhood memories? A．Most of them are not true. B．They are easy to remember. C．Not all of them are accurate. D．They have a great influence on a person’s life. 3．How did Peterson’s team do the research? A．By doing some interviews. B．By referring to a survey online. C．By collecting information from hospitals. D．By following up children’s daily life for years. 4．Which statement will Michael Linden probably agree with? A．Only children can develop false memories. B．False memories will be difficult to tell from real ones. C．False memories were mainly caused by childhood injuries. D．High social expectations can help improve children’s memories. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了童年记忆的特点以及影响童年记忆的因素。 1．推理判断题。根据“...But can they be trusted? In other words, how reliable (可靠的) are our memories?”以及下文的介绍可知，第一段的提问主要是引出下文要介绍的主题，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Still, Carole Peterson, a professor at Memorial University who studies early childhood memory, said that both children and adults can have memories that are not true.”可知，研究早期儿童记忆的教授卡罗尔·彼得森认为并不是所有的记忆都是准确的，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In a study in 2011, Peterson and his team interviewed children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later.”可知，彼得森和他的团队采访了4至13岁的儿童，询问他们最早的记忆，并在两年后再次采访了他们，所以他们是通过采访的方式进行这项研究的，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“These false memories make you feel real. It is hard to tell them from real memories.”可知，迈克尔·林登认为虚假的记忆将很难与真实的记忆区分开来，故选B。 （2024·江苏南通·二模） As a child, Huang Rongbing would watch his mother, Weng Xiuzhen, comb her long and thick hair. After forming a bun at the back of her head, she would decorate it with colourful flowers, the 34-year-old man recalled. ① All the women in the small fishing village of Xunpu in Quanzhou, Fujian province, decorated their hair this way. The colorful and unique (独一无二的) headdress is known as zanhuan or zanhuawei. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. As an old saying in Xunpu goes, “put flowers in your hair in this life and you will also be pretty in the afterlife.” ② In 2016, he and his older sister opened a salon where tourists could get their hair styled in the Xunpu tradition and have their photos taken. “We have been fully booked and now there are over 200 businesses offering services to dress tourists with a zanhua,” said Huang. ③ After going through the full zanhua experience, Hu Titi, one of Huang’s customers, even brought zanhua culture to Paris in France last year. Under the Eiffel Tower, she shot photos and videos of herself dressed in traditional Chinese clothes with a zanhua in her hair. ④ The increase in tourist visits has pleased Huang not only because it is good for his business but also because it has led to greater awareness of the history and culture behind zanhua headwear. “Earning a big name for their hard work, resilience (坚韧) and compassion (同情心), the women of Xunpu are well-known for harvesting the highest quality seafood,” said Huang. “When they put a zanhua on their heads, they express their wish to look for happiness. The flowers are seen as a symbol of hope,” he added. 1．Zanhua is ________ according to the passage. A．a special flower for traditional clothes B．a common colourful paperflower C．a beautiful decoration in public places D．a colourful and unique headdress 2．The sentence “Zanhua finally woke up Huang’s career dream.” can be put into ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．The women of Xunpu like to decorate their hair with zanhua to ________. A．attract others’ attention B．become more beautiful C．show their good qualities D．feel happy and hopeful 4．The writer writes this passage to ________. A．invite people to the fishing village B．show his ability of telling old stories C．introduce one of China’s traditions D．help with Huang Rongbing’s business 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了簪花的传统。 1．细节理解题。根据“The colorful and unique (独一无二的) headdress is known as zanhuan or zanhuawei.”可知，这种色彩鲜艳、独特的头饰被称为簪花或簪花围。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“In 2016, he and his older sister opened a salon where tourists could get their hair styled in the Xunpu tradition and have their photos taken.”可知，此处he指代上文的一个人物，因此“Zanhua finally woke up Huang’s career dream.”放在②处，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘When they put a zanhua on their heads, they express their wish to look for happiness. The flowers are seen as a symbol of hope,’ he added.”可知，当她们把簪花戴在头上时，她们感到快乐并充满希望，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要向人们介绍了簪花的传统。故选C。 （2024·江苏南通·二模） Today China is the world’s biggest eater of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way. Wheat only came to northern China toward the end of the Neolithic (新石器) period, some 4,600 years ago. In the beginning, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of real need rather than a cooking pleasure. The first farmers of northern China started to grow millet (粟) as early as 11,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, wheat had become a major crop. But little was known about exactly why this shift happened. To look for the answer, I collected nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 places from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD．The places were across 8 modern provinces, from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east. One possible explanation is a major climate (气候) change, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time, the climate became colder and drier across the land, causing less and less crop production. Besides this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to imagine that Neolithic farmers in northern China were trying hard to live. Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly, it can be sowed (播种) after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat. From more terrible weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes big changes to societies. In this situation, the result of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China finally proved, delicious. 1．What can we learn about wheat from Paragraph 2? A．It was a poor choice at the beginning. B．It was grown in China 11,500 years ago. C．It was the earliest crop grown in China. D．It replaced (代替) millet for its great taste. 2．The number in Paragraph 3 shows ________. A．the writer did research widely B．the writer did the research alone C．the writer found the exact answer D．the writer was good at collecting data 3．What was probably the main reason to grow wheat in North China? A．The harvest of millet was not pleasing. B．The water there was enough at that time. C．It needed better weather conditions there. D．It was a proper sowing season after millet. 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．how millet was introduced into China B．how China became the biggest wheat eater C．why Chinese farmers turned to grow wheat D．why wheat growth was affected by climate 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为了主要农作物的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the beginning, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of real need rather than a cooking pleasure.”可知，一开始，小麦似乎并不那么美味，而是被视为真正需要的作物，而不是烹饪的乐趣。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“To look for the answer, I collected nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 2 places...from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east.”可推知，第三段中的数字说明了作者作者做了广泛的研究。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But importantly, it can be sowed (播种) after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它可以在粟收获后播种。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据第一段中“Today China is the world’s biggest eater of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way.”以及第二段中“But little was known about exactly why this shift happened.”可知，文章介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为了主要农作物这种转变的原因。所以B选项“为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$