Unit 7 知识点讲练汇编 2024-2025学年译林版英语七年级上册

7AUnit7Be wise with money知识点讲练汇编 1.Be wise with money.(P80)明智地理财。//My uncle is quite smart with his money.(P87)我的叔叔理财相当明智。(副词quite修饰形容词smart。) wise adj.明智的;充满智慧的;常在句中作表语或定语。wisely adv. 明智地wiser n. 智者wisdom n.智慧 be wise=be of wisdom//be wise after the event事后聪明;马后炮 be wise to do sth.做某事是明智的。//be wise with sth.明智地对待某事 //It is wise(of sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事是明智的;如: My grandpa is very wise.=My grandpa is of wisdom. You are wise enough to make a budget for your lucky money. =It is wise of you to make a budget for your lucky money. 2.Get your money's worth.(P80)让你的钱花得值。 your money's名词所有格。如:other countries' money(P81)其他国家的金钱//Simon'sfamily budget.(P81)西蒙的家庭预算 worth在这儿是名词“价值”的意思,作动词Get的宾语。如:The activities help children to develop a sense of their own worth.这些活动有助于孩子们形成自己的价值观。 worth adj./v. “值得的”、“有…价值”、“值…钱”等。 be worth sth“……值得……”//be worth doing sth.(动名词习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。)“……某事值得被做”等。如: The car is worth a lot of money.这辆汽车值很多钱。 The film isn’t worth seeing.这部电影不值得看。 Is it worth visiting the city?这个城市值得去看吗? 若要加强其语气,可在worth前使用well、really、very much等修饰语,但习惯上不用very。如:It was well worth waiting for.这件事倒是很值得等待。 拓展:worth//worthy//worthwhile worth与worthy、worthwhile等词意思相近,但用法有所不同。 worthy后接to be done或of being done,而worthwhile则常用在“It is worthwhile to do sth.”或“It is worthwhile doing sth.”的结构中。如: “他值得等待”的几种说法: He is worth waiting for. =He is worthy to be waited for. =He is worthy of being waited for. =It is worthwhile waiting for him. =It is worthwhile to wait for him. It is worth our while to wait for him.(worth one’s while值得某人花精力的) 3.Money plays an important role in our lives. (P80)金钱在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。 play a role扮演角色play an important role扮演非常重要的角色,起到非常重要的作用。 play the role of…扮演...的角色; play a role in…在......中扮演角色;在……中发挥作用;play an important role in在……起/发挥重要作用。如: He played the role of the king in the play. 他在戏剧中扮演国王的角色。 China plays an important role in keeping the peace of the world.中国在维护世界和平方面发挥着重要作用。 Welcome to the unit-Gifts around the world(P81) 重要短语(P81): Gifts around the world世界各地的礼物 key ring钥匙环/扣 key n.钥匙/关键/要诀,the key to... ……的钥匙;复数形式为keys。a set of keys一串钥匙Learning is the key to unlocking the world.学习是打开世界的钥匙。 The key to success is hard work.成功的关键是努力。 The key to keep healthy is to do exercise every week.保持健康的秘诀是每周坚持锻炼。 The key (adj.关键的;主要的;最重要的; )points in his speech sound reasonable.他演讲中的重要观点听起来很有道理。 You can’t get into his account because you keyed (v.用键盘输入;键入) in the wrong password.你进不了他的账户,因为你输错了密码。 money box储钱箱;存钱罐//Lucky Cat招财猫 //Russian dolls 俄罗斯套娃 Russian adj.俄罗斯(人)的,俄语的Russia n.俄罗斯 Russian n.俄国人; 俄语; 俄国人pl. Russians; 重要句子: 1.They're a set of dolls in different sizes.(page 81, Part B)它们(俄罗斯套娃)是一套大小不同的娃娃。 短语a set of 表示“一套,一副,一组(类似的东西)”。作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由set的单复数决定。如: I bought a set of four chairs for my new house.我给新家添置了四把成套的椅子。 Linda gives me a set of stamps.琳达给了我一套邮票。 A set of keys is on the table.桌子上有一串钥匙。 There are two sets of keys on the table.桌子上有两串钥匙。 2.Usually they come one inside another, from the biggest to the smallest.(P81) 通常它们是一个套一个,从最大的到最小的。 one inside another一个套一个;inside prep.在(向) …里面; outside prep.在(向) …外面; another 代词,另一个,指三个以上中的另一个。后面一般常接可数名词单数,或者数词+名词复数。another+数词+名词复数=数词+more+名词复数,比如:another ten blouses=ten more blouses;another+名词单数=one more+名词单数,比如:another tie=one more tie I don't want this sweater,give me another one.我不想要这件毛衣,给我另一件。 You can walk another 2 kilometers along the same road and you will see the town. 你可以沿着同一条路再走2公里,你就会看到那个小镇。 拓展:another// other// the other// others// the others other形容词/代词 做形容词时表泛指,指一群中的另外的,其他的,多余的人或者物,后常跟名词复数,不能独立使用。做代词时,指(两个中的人或事)另一个,其他,那个。 Other problems may follow.其他的问题会不断涌来。 I want some other apples.我想要一些另外的苹果。 Where is my other glove?我那只手套在哪里? the other 强调两者中的一个,有特指的意思。常用固定搭配:one……the other…… I have two good friends,one is Lucy,the other is Linda.我有2个好朋友,一个是露西,一个是琳达。 He and the other student are cleaning the classroom.他和另一个同学正在打扫教室。 others (=other+复数名词)代词,其他的,另外的人或者事,也是表泛指,相当于other+可数名词复数,就像人称中的形物代和名物代一样,名物代=形物代+名词。 In studying with others,you find out more about yourself.在和其他人的学习中,你会进一步地了解自己。 Don't laugh at the mistakes of others.不要嘲笑别人的错误。 the others (=the other+复数名词)其他的,另外的人或者事。特指一定范围内,后面不接其他词,独立做主语或者宾语。 There are only three apples on the desk. Where are the others?桌子上只有3个苹果,其他的呢? He and the others are entering into the classroom.他和其他人正在进教室。 from … to …从……到……;from morning to evening//from Beijing to Shanghai; biggest是big 的最高级smallest是small的最高级;形容词的最高级前面必须加the。 3.They're colourful and full of surprises. (P81)它们五颜六色并且充满了惊喜。 colourful adj.五彩缤纷的;丰富多彩的 n. colour/color colour(n.颜色)+ -ful(形容词后缀) colourful -ful是形容词后缀,加在某些名词后面,意为“充满……的,有……性质的”。如:help helpful//use useful//thank thankful //hope hopeful//care careful//beauty beautiful The proper use of your spare time will make your life colourful.合理利用你的空余时间会使你的生活丰富多彩。(表示多样性) People write riddles on colourful lanterns on the Lantern Festival.在元宵节那天,人们把谜语写在五颜六色的灯笼上。(表示颜色鲜艳) surprise n./v.[可数名词]&[不可数名词]令人惊奇的事情(或消息等) ;惊奇;惊讶;意外。to one’s surprise使...感到震惊;令某人惊奇的是……;in surprise惊讶地, 吃惊地;take… by surprise出其不意地;adj. surprising(常用来描述物)/ surprised(常用来描述人)如: Life is full of surprises.生活充满惊喜。[可数名词] They looked at each other in surprise.他们惊讶地看着对方。[不可数名词] I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。(adj.) The news surprised me a lot.这个消息让我非常惊讶。(v.) They are not surprised at the surprising news.他们对这个令人惊奇的消息并不感到惊讶。 To my surprise, he arrived there on time.令我惊讶的是,他居然准时到达了。 We 'll take them by surprise !我们让他们大吃一惊! 4.Players wear them(=baseball caps) to protect their eyes from the sun, and they're also a kind of fashion.(page 81, Part B)运动员们戴着它们(棒球帽)保护眼睛免受太阳伤害,它们也是一种时尚。动词不定式to protect their eyes from the sun作目的状语;短语 protect ... from ...意思是“保护……免受……危害”。如: We should learn to protect ourselves. 我们应该学会保护自己。 He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes against/from the strong sunlight. 他戴上太阳镜以保护眼睛不受强烈阳光的伤害。 拓展:protect against 和 protect from的区别: protect from保护……免受,不受…之害。是 protect A from B 的形式,表示防范或保护 A 免受 B 的伤害。protect against保护,保卫;后面直接加名词,表示防范或防御某种情况或事物。如:He is always protecting him from danger.他总是保护着自己免受侵害。 He is always protecting against others.他总是防范着别人。 protection[不可数名词]保护;防卫 Some wild animals need our protection, because they are in great danger.一些野生动物需要我们的保护,因为它们的处境十分危险。 a kind of fashion一种时尚。 Reading-Family money management(P82) 1.Family money management家庭财产管理。(P82)//Your dad and I manage money well. 我和你爸爸都很会理财。(P82) management n. 管理;如:business management企业管理//management skills 管理技能 manage vt./vi.明智地使用;管理;manage to do sth.设法做成某事;如:manage badly管理不良//manage money管钱,理财 How does his family manage their money? She managed to make herself understood in English.她设法用英语表达自己的意思。 n. manager经理 如:Mr. Wang is a manager of the company. 2.Does your family make plans for using money?(P82)你们家有制定使用钱的计划吗? family家;家庭;家庭所有成员;作主语时,当“家;家庭”讲谓语动词用单数形式;当“家庭成员”讲谓语动词用复数形式。如: I came from a musical family. 我来自一个音乐家庭。// Every family needs a vacation .每个家庭都需要假期。 Be friends with your family .做你家人的朋友。// All my family enjoy skiing. 我们全家都喜欢滑雪。 make plans for…制定计划;为……做一个计划;如:We need to make plans for the future.我们必须规划未来。 3.1).What do you think your family spends the most money on every year?(P82)你认为你家每年把做多的钱花在了什么地方? We spend about 30 per cent on special things.(P82)我们把30%的钱都花在特殊的事情上。 spend v. 花(时间);花(钱)过去式为:spent句型:sb. spends some time/money on sth.//doing sth.某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱//某人花费时间/金钱做某事。如: I spend 50 yuan on books every month.我每个月花50块钱买书。 2).That will cost a lot of money. (page 82, line 4)那要花费一大笔钱。 All thesecost about 50 per cent of our budget.(P82)所有这些需要花费我们大约50%的预算。 句中的cost 意思是“花费”。过去式为:cost;句型:sth. costs (sb.) some money某物花费(某人)多少钱;如: The blue cup costs 28 yuan.This book costs 20 yuan.这本书要20块钱。 3).Then we have to payfor our flat, car, food and other daily needs every month.然后我们必须支付房贷、车贷、每个月的饮食和别的日常需求的费用。(P82) They also need to pay for things like our house and car. (P84)他们也需要付款买东西比如房子车子等。 pay v.付款;过去式为:paid;句型:sb. pay for sth.某人为某物付款//pay sb. to do sth.付钱请某人做某事。sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱;如: He needs to pay 20 yuan for this book.他需要花20块钱买这本书。 拓展: cost, pay, spend与take(过去式分别为:cost,paid,spent与took)四者均有“花费”的意思,具体区别如下: ①spend:指花费时间和金钱,只能用人做主语,有被动语态;人+ spend + 钱/时间 + (in)doing sth //人+ spend + 钱/时间 + on sth We spend about 30 per cent on special things.=Special things cost us about 30 per cent.= We paid about 30 per cent for special things. ②cost:指花费时间、金钱、精力等,只能用事物做主语且无被动语态; That will cost me a lot of money.=I will spend a lot of money on/buying that. = I will paid a lot of money for that. ③pay:主指支付金钱和感情的回报;人+ pay + 钱 + for + 物 He needs to pay 20 yuan for this book.=He needs to spend 20 yuan on/buying this book. ④take:主指花费时间和力气,一般只用事物做主语;It takes/took/will take + sb + 时间 + to do sth It takes me two minutes to answer the question .= I spend two minutes answering the question. 4.There's a new mall across the street. (P82)这条街对面新开了一家购物商场。 across prep.在……对面;从……一边到另一边;遍及;常与walk、go、swim等词连用,表示从物体表面横过。across from 在对面; Before you walk across the road, please look left and right.在你过马路之前,请先左右看看。 There’s a bank right across the street.有一家银行就在街对面。 There’s a school across from our house.有一所学校在我们房子对面。 拓展: adv.从一边到另一边;横过;宽; cross v.=go across; It’s too wide. We can’t swim across.这太宽了,我们游不过去。 The yard is about 50 metres across.庭院宽约50米。 across(物体的表面通过。)//through(物体的内部穿过。) The boy is going across(=is crossing) the road. You can get a lot of information through the Internet. 5.Can I have a new pair of sports shoes? (P82)我能买一双新的运动鞋吗? Can I have…?表示请求,可以根据不同情境译成“能给我……吗?我能拿/买……吗?” a new pair of…一双新的……a new pair of white shoes. 6.And we also need(vt.)a new computer. (P82)我们也需要一台新电脑。 //we need(vi.) to cover your education first.(P82)我们首先要支付你的教育费用。 //They also need(vi.)to pay for things like our house and car. (P84)他们也需要付款买东西比如房子车子等。 //Then we have to pay for our flat, car, food and other daily needs(n.) every month. (P82)然后我们每个月还必须支付我们的房贷、车贷、食物和其他日常生活必需品。 // I also use some money to help children in need(n.)every year.每年我还会用一些压岁钱去帮助生活困难的孩子。(P90) need vt./vi. need sth.//need to do sth//Sth. needs doing.Link v. need do sth. 如: We need some typing paper.我们需要一些打印纸。 I need to breathe some fresh air.我需要吸入一些新鲜空气。 The garden needs watering.花园需要浇水。=The garden needs to be watered. Amy need work hard.艾米需要努力学习。=Amy needs to work hard. need n.“需要;需求”;既是可数名词,也可作不可数名词。复数形式needs可以表示多种需要。 be in need of...“需要……”,相当于实义动词need; There is no need for sb. to do sth.“某人没有必要做某事”。 in need 在贫困中,在困难中;通常位于被修饰的词后作定语。如: The house is in need of a good clean.这房子需要大扫除。 There is no need for me to get up early tomorrow morning.我明天早上没有必要早起床。 She is always ready to help people in need. 她总是乐意帮助生活困难的人。 daily=everyday adj.每日的; in one’s daily life/lives在某人的日常生活中 I write down what I see or feel in my daily life.我记录下我在日常生活中的所见或所感。 n.日报; China Daily 《中国日报》// China Youth Daily 《中国青年报》 adv.每日;每天=every day。The zoo is open daily.动物园每天开放。 7.Don't worry.(P82)不用担心。worry v. worried adj. worry about sb./be worried about sb. Don't worry about your son because he is old enough to look after himself well. 8.We make a budget every year.我们每年都做预算。(P82)//What's in the budget?预算里包括什么?(P82) //Make a budget for your family. What is in your budget?(P84)做一份家庭预算。预算里有什么? budget n.预算make a budget做预算//in the budget在预算里//under budget低于预算//over/beyond budget超出预算make a budget for…做……的预算;制定预算; We make a budget every year. And in the budget, our travelling costs a lot.我们每年都做预算。在预算里,我们的旅行花了许多钱。 -I always make a budget for my pocket money at the beginning of each month.-No wonder you can spend your money more wisely than other students. I need to make a budget for next month. 9.we need to cover your education first. 我们首先要支付你的教育费用。(P82) cover v.足以支付,够付;Ten yuan can cover this bowl of noodles.十元钱够支付这碗面条了。 n.封皮;覆盖物; I like the cover of the book. 我喜欢这本书的封面。 This glass bowl has a beautiful cover.这个玻璃碗有一个漂亮的盖子。 v.遮盖;覆盖;cover...with...用……盖住……/be covered with/by…被……覆盖 He covers the desk with some old newspapers.他用一些旧报纸盖住书桌。 The board is covered with ads.布告栏上贴满了广告。 education n.教育〖UC〗;educate v.教育;如: Teachers educate students.// Students receive/get education from teachers. 10.All these cost about 50 per cent of our budget. 所有这些大约花费我们预算的50%。(P82) …and write the correct percentage next to each label.在每个标签旁边写下正确的百分比。 (P83) per cent n.百分之……;用来表示百分比。复数形式还是per cent。“基数词+per cent of+名词/代词”表示“……的百分之……”,其作主语时,谓语动词的数与该结构中的名词/代词的数保持一致。如:Nearly 70 per cent of his money was for food.他把近70%的钱用于买食物了。 percentage n.百分比,百分率;用法是The percentage of +sth.+ is+ …; (注意: 这里不管of后面跟的是什么词,都用is。)如:The percentage of the students is 46.// The percentage of the water is 46. 11.Where does the other half go?(P82)另外的一半花在哪里?the other half另外的一半 12.Like what?(P82)比如什么?//Like taking holidays.比如度假。(P82) 两个句子中的Like都是介词,后边跟代词或动名词。take holidays度假 13.Holidays can be expensive.(P82)假期可能很贵。 expensive adj.昂贵的cheap adj.便宜的high adj.价格高的 low adj.价格低的 Sth. be expensive.=The price of sth. is high.= Sth. cost much/a lot.如:This type of computers can be expensive.=The price of this type of computers can be high. =This type of computers can cost much/a lot. 14.Do we save any money?(P82)我们存钱吗? save v.储蓄,积攒;节省,节约;救,救助;保留,保存;save for...攒钱买……;// save sb.’s life救某人的命;// save...from...从……中救出…… I’m saving for a new bike.我正攒钱买辆新自行车。 The helmet saved your life.头盔救了你的命。 It’s a good habit to save water. 节约用水是好习惯。 The man saved a little girl from the river.这个男子从河里救了一个小女孩。 15.We leave about 20 per cent in our bank account.我们存大约20%在我们的银行账户里。(P82) leave sb./sth.+介词短语;把某人/某物留在…… Oh, I left my bag on the bus.噢,我把包丢在公共汽车上了。 We’ll have a sports meet tomorrow, so you can leave your things at home. 16.It's a good idea to save for a rainy day.(page 82, lines 16-17)未雨绸缪是一个好主意。 句中的 save for a rainy day 意思是“存钱以备不时之需”。与天气有关的常用英语习语还有: be raining cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 the calm before the storm暴风雨前的平静 (come) rain or shine不论是雨还是晴,不管发生什么事 It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。 After rain comes sunshine.雨过天晴。 rainy adj.阴雨的;由“rain(n.雨)+ -y(后缀)”构成。在句中可作定语或表语。 Don’t drive too fast on a rainy day. 在雨天别开得太快。(作定语) The weather report says it is rainy tomorrow.天气预报说明天有雨。(作表语) n.+-y adj.,个别名词要双写词尾的辅音字母或去e再加-y。如: snow snowy//cloud cloudy//wind windy//luck lucky //health healthy //thirst thirsty//sun sunny//fog foggy//ice icy//noise noisy…etc. 17.I see.(P82)我明白了。我懂了。(是就别人说的内容或要求达到的目标我已经清楚了理解了的意思。) 18.What comes first in Simon's family budget?(P83)什么在西蒙的家庭预算上居于首要地位? comes first居于首要地位;占据头等位置;(速度比赛)夺得第一名 19.What is an example of a special thing in Simon's family?(P83)西蒙家专门事情的一个例子是什么?an example of………的一个例子for example例如 20.What does Simon's mum mean by saying “to save for a rainy day"?西蒙的妈妈说“未雨绸缪”是什么意思?(P83) mean v. 意思mean to do sth./doing sth.meaning n.意义,意思 meaningful adj.有意义的;meaningless adj.无意义的; What does this word mean?这个字是什么意思? =What is the meaning of this word? = What do you mean by this word? mean doing sth. “意味着(必须要做某事或导致某种结果)”,其主语通常是指事物的词。如: Being a student means studying hard. 作为一个学生,(意味着)你要努力学习。 mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事”, 其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。如: What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理? What do / did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思?” ;如: What do you mean by acting like this? 你这样做是什么意思? It is meaningful to join the party.//The ticket is useless. It's meaningless to keep it. 21.Money matters in every family.(P84)钱在每个家庭中都很重要。 matter vi. & vt. 要紧,有重大影响;不用于进行时。如: It may not matter to you, but it matters a lot to me!这也许对你无所谓,但对我却至关紧要! Families and friends matter most to us.家人和朋友对我们来说是最重要的。 It doesn’t matter.没关系。(回答“对不起”的用语。) What’s the matter([可数名词]问题)怎么了?=What’s wrong? What matters most is …最要紧的事情是……What matters most is to pick up the apples. 22.My parents try to manage our money well. 我的父母尽力管理好我们的钱。(P84)//My parents always try to leave about 15 per cent of their money in the bank for “a rainy day".我的父母总是尽力把大约15%的钱存在银行账户里以备不时之需。 (P84) // I try to manage my money well. (P90) try to do sth.设法做某事,尽力做某事;侧重尽力,为了达到目的而努力。如: He tried to finish the work ahead of time.他设法提前完成这件工作. try doing sth.试着做某事,试验做某事;只是一种新的尝试,并没有一定明显的目的性。如: -I usually go there by train.-Why not try going by boat for a change? -我通常乘火车去那儿.-为什么不换乘船呢? 23.But my parents always have enough money because they keep to their budget.但是我的父母总是有足够的钱因为他们遵守他们的预算。(P84) keep to:遵守; 坚持;限制在某一数量;如: You have to keep to your promise. 你得遵守诺言。 We must keep to the style of plain living. 我们必须保持朴实生活的作风。 They keep secrets to themselves.他们自己保守秘密。 keep to sth.:不离开; 遵守(计划、时刻表等); 忠于, 信守(诺言等);如: He kept to the house during his convalescence. 他在养病期间呆在家里不出门。 Be sure to keep to our timetable. 请务必遵守我们的时间安排。 keep to your task till you’ve finished. 坚持工作, 直到做完为止。 keep doing sth. :不断地做某事;如:John keeps singing the whole morning. keep on doing sth. : 继续(做某事物)。(比 keep doing sth.更持久, 更有耐力。)= to continue to do something//to do something again and again.如: The rain kept pouring all night. 大雨彻夜不停。 She kept on working although she was tired. 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作。 keep from doing sth. :克制不做某事;如: She could hardly keep (herself) from laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来。 I just managed to keep myself from falling. 我差一点跌倒。 24.It is important to save money. (P84)攒钱是重要的。//// It is good to save for a rainy day.(P90) 存钱以备不时之需是不错的。 句中动词不定式是真正的主语,It是形式主语。如:It is fun to read.//It is exciting to have snowball fights. 25.I usually ask my mum to help me put some in the bank.(P84)我通常叫妈妈帮我存一些在银行账户里面。//Mr. Wu asked the Class 1, Grade 7 students to write an article about what they do with their lucky money.吴老师叫七年级1班的学生们写一篇关于怎么处理他们压岁钱的文章。(P89) ask sb. (not) to do sth. Your parents ask you to study hard at school. // The teachers ask the students not to talk in class. 26.What do you think of Simon's family budget?(P84)你觉得西蒙的家庭预算怎么样? What do you think of…? =How do you like/find…?你觉得……怎么样? What do you think of the plan ?=How do you like/find the plan? 27.Do you think it is important to make a budget?(P84) 你认为做预算是重要的吗? it is important to make a budget整个句子做谓语动词think的宾语,是宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序。 Grammar-A Using some/any (P85) 1. Please buy some bananas.请买些香蕉。(P85)// Would you like some tea?你想喝些茶吗?(P85)//Can I have some oranges?我能买些橘子吗?(P85)//Can we buy some, Mum?(P85)我们能买一些吗,妈妈?some 表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词,常用于肯定句中。some用于提出建议或请求的疑问句中, 表示希望得到对方的肯定答复。 2.Do we need any other things? (P85)我们需要别的东西吗?any 用于否定句或疑问句中。用于肯定句中,强调“任何一个的”。You can take any box on the table.你可以拿走桌上任何一个盒子。 3.What do you want to do with your money? (P85)你想怎么处理你的钱?//Mr. Wu asked the Class 1, Grade 7 students to write an article about what they do with their lucky money.吴老师叫七年级1班的学生们写一篇关于怎么处理他们压岁钱的文章。(P89)=Mr. Wu asked the Class 1, Grade 7 students to write an article about how they deal with their lucky money. What do you do with…=How do you deal with…怎么处理…… What do you do with these problems? (句中What作do的宾语,with的宾语是these problems。) =How do you deal with these problems? (句中How是方式状语,deal with的宾语是these problems。) 4.I need some new ones.(P85)some 表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。用于肯定句中。句中ones指代前面提到的名词(notebooks)以避免重复。 拓展:one, ones, that, those用法区别 one 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数;定语既可在其前,也可在其后。如: -Do you have a car?-Yes, I have one. I have a good one.(one = a car) This book is one that is needed by everyone. ones 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数;定语既可在其前,也可在其后。如: - Do you want a toy?- Yes, I want new ones very much.(ones = toys) -Which windows? -The ones in the classroom.(The ones = windows) that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词;定语只能放在其后面。如: The weather of Beijing is as good as that of Tianjin.(that= the weather) those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数;定语只能放在其后面。如: The bikes made in China are as good as those made in USA.(those = the bikes) 注意: 1).若one或ones前面有定冠词the且定语又在其后,这时the one或the ones可与that或those 互换。如: The singer from Shanghai sang better in the concert than the one(=that) from Beijing. The TV sets in that shop are as good as those(=the ones) in the supermarket. 2).that作替代词,只能指物,不能指人。those作替代词,既可指物,也可指人。如: The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor.(those=The houses) The students in our class are cleverer than those in their class.(those=The students) 5.I also want to buy some gifts for my friends.(P85)我也想给我的朋友们买一些礼物。 =I also want to buy my friends some gifts .buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 6.Do you have any ideas for the rest of your money? 你对你剩下的钱有没有想法?(P85) have ideas for… 对……有想法; have ideas of…知道……;了解……;有些…的想法;如: Do you have ideas for the event?// Amy has ideas of these courses. the rest of 后面的谓语动词的数取决于of后面的名词。如: There are 30 students in our class. 15 of us are boys, and the rest of us are girls. My family is big. Half of it is male, and the rest of it is female. I have had some water, the rest of it belongs to you. The teacher asks some students to do homework, the rest of them go running. Grammar-B Using there be(P86) 1.There is some milk and strawberries on the table.桌子上有一些牛奶和草莓。(P86)// There are some strawberries and milk on the table.桌子上有一些草莓和牛奶。(P86)// There is not any bread on the table.桌子上没有一些面包。(P86)// Are there any vegetables on the table 桌子上有一些蔬菜吗?(P86) there be结构常用来表示“某地有某物或某人”。there没有实际意义,动词be的形式要与其后的名词保持一致。be后面的主语是两个或两个以上的名词,动词be的单复数形式要和离它最近的名词保持一致,即谓语动词的“就近原则”。如: There is…(与a ruler保持一致)a ruler and two erasers on the desk.书桌上有一把尺子和两块橡皮。 There are. .(与two erasers保持一致)two erasers and one ruler on the desk.书桌上有两块橡皮和一把尺子。 拓展:there be结构与have/has(不可同时使用。) There is a watch on my desk.在我的书桌上有一块手表。(手表在我的书桌上,但不一定是我的) I have a watch.我有一块手表。(这块手表属于我) 2.We can buy them as presents for our friends.(P86) as conj.因为;由于;如同;正如;当…的时候; as prep.作为;当作; as adv.像…一样;如:be famous as…(作为)//as the saying goes(正如)//as smart as(和……一样)//as soon as possible (和……一样)尽可能快 3.Not far away from my school, there is also a supermarket.离我学校不远有一个超市。(P86)//My uncle lives far away in Shenzhen,…我叔叔远在深圳,……(P89) far away远离;// be far away from…离……远//five kilometres away from…离……5公里远(有具体数字时不能用far)如:Amy lives far away.//Amy lives far away from our school.//Amy lives ten kilometers away from our school. 4.It is not very big, but there are all kinds of snacks in it.(P86) but 表示转折;all kinds of各种各样的;all kinds of budgets. Pronunciation - Consonants (lII) (P87) 1.Some consonant groups are at the beginning of a word.有些辅音字组位于一个单词的开头。(P87)// At the beginning of each year, I make a budget for my lucky money.每年年初,我会为我的压岁钱做一个预算。(P90) beginning n.开头,开端;in the beginning=at first开始时;起初; A good beginning is half done.好的开始是成功的一半。 at the beginning of在……的开头/开端; At the beginning of each unit, there is a short poem.每一单元的开头都有一首短诗。 2.Some consonant groups are at the end of a word.(P87)有些辅音字组位于一个单词的末尾。 at the end of意思是“在...的末尾;在……结束时;在……的尽头;”,指某一时间或地点的具体结束点。如:at the end of the term 在学期末;at the end of the road 在路的末尾(空间的末端)。 We'll have an English exam at the end of January.一月底我们要参加英语考试。 They decided to meet at the end of the street.他们决定在路的尽头汇合。 拓展: in the end //in the end of…//by the end of… in the end可以单独作副词短语使用,in the end =finally =at last 意思是“最后,终于”,用于指时间。In the end, we arrived at the museum.我们终于到达了博物馆。 After all the hard work, we succeeded in the end.经过所有艰苦的努力,我们最终成功了。 in the end of…表示“在 ... 最终或结束阶段”,多用于描述某件事情的最终结果,强调的是最后的状态或结局;涵盖的范围较为广泛。如:In the end of his trying many times, everything will turn out all right.经过他多次努力与尝试,结局将会很圆满。 by the end of…表示“到...末为止”,跟将来的时间,就用一般将来时;跟现在的时间,就用现在完成时;跟过去的时间,用过去完成时。如: The report is expected by the end of the year.预期年底提交报告。 3.Twenty people listened to the speaker's speech about making a budget.(P87)20个人听了这位演讲者关于做预算的演讲。 listen to意思是集中注意力,尽量听清楚,强调听的过程。hear强调听的结果:听见了;指声音传进了耳朵。 the speaker's speech这位演讲者的演讲。 speaker n.发言者;演讲者;扬声器; Are you an English speaker?你讲英语吗? The speaker was boring everybody. 说话者令每个人生厌。 Can you please turn the speaker up a little bit ? 请把这个扬声器音量放大一点好吗? speech n.演讲;发言;台词; The speech is very wonderful, so we are attracted by it. make a speech发言,发表演说,做演讲; I'm going to make a speech at the meeting.我要在会上发表演说。 speech bubbles对话框 4.The price of those pencils is pretty high.(P87)这些铅笔的价格很高。price作主语时价格的高低用词为high/low. pretty adv. 非常;相当地;副词修饰形容词high。 Integration - All about money (P88) 1.Daniel wants to learn about different kinds of money in history. (P88)丹尼尔想了解历史上不同种类的金钱。 in history“有史以来,在人类历史上”。如:It has never happened in history. 这在历史上从未发生过。 in the history是特指某段特定的历史,后面通常会接介词短语“of/among...表示范围。 如:Leonardo Da Vinci was a man unlike any other in the history of art. 达芬奇在艺术史上是一位绝无仅有的人。 2.-I give you nine shells. You give me two fish. OK? 我给你9个贝壳,你给我两条鱼。好吗?-OK! That's a deal!(P88)好的!成交! give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. give you nine shells=give nine shells to you //give me two fish=give two fish to me fish n. 鱼;鱼肉;v. 钓鱼;捕鱼;摸索;搜寻; fish当鱼的总称讲时单复数同形;当不同种类的鱼时复数为fishes;当鱼肉讲时为不可数名词。如:Fish live in the water. We caught three little fishes.我们捉到三条小鱼。 There is much fish on the plate.盘子里有不少鱼肉。 The beach is a good place to fish from.海滩是钓鱼的好地方。 deal n.交易 “It’s/That’s a deal!”意为“就这么办吧!”,常用于口语中。 —You clean the house and I’ll do the dishes. 你打扫房子,我洗碗。 —That’s a deal.就这么办吧。 make a deal达成协议;达成交易; We make a deal to go to the library together this weekend.我们约定这个周末一起去图书馆。 拓展:deal的其他用法: a good/great deal of 大量;很多;后边跟不可数名词。 They spent a great deal of money.他们花了大量的钱。 It took a great deal of time.这费了很多时间。 deal with 处理=do with;do with与what连用;deal with与how连用。 I don’t know how to deal with (=what to do with) these things.我不知道该如何处理这些事情。 3.-Here's 30 yuan for the book.这本书30元。 -Thanks. Here you are.谢谢,给你。 (P88) Here be 倒装句型,谓语动词就近原则。当后边的主语是代词时用部分倒装,如:Here you are.// Here it is! 4.TIP: When reading pictures, look closely at the details in the image and read the text in the speech bubbles to better understand the message.(P88) 读这些图画时,仔细地观看图片中的细节并且看对话框中的文字内容来更好地理解这些信息。When reading pictures: When +doing ;如:When leaving for Beijing, you’d better visit your parents.类似的用法还有:Before reading, think about the questions below. look closely at…仔细地观看……;//to better understand the message动词不定式作目的状语。better是副词well的比较级修饰动词understand。 5.-How much is this bag of rice?这袋大米多少钱? -45 coins.45文钱。(P88) How much在这儿表示价格“……多少钱?”。How much is this bag of rice?=What’s the price of this bag of rice?=How much does this bag of rice cost? coin n.硬币; 当表示具体的硬币枚数时,为可数名词;当表示硬币的统称时,为不可数名词。 He likes collecting coins (可数名词).他喜欢收集硬币。 You can pay me in coin (不可数名词).你可以付我硬币。 the other side of the coin事情的另一面。 two sides of the same coin同一事物密切相关的两个方面。 Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有两面性。 6.How many ways to pay are there in the pictures?图片中有几种支付方式?(P88) to pay作定语修饰名词ways。How many表示数量“多少”,后跟可数名词复数。 7.See all kinds of money from different times, such as shells, coins and paper money.来自不同时代的钱(P88) at different times在不同的时代(可数名词“时代”的复数形式。)//have a good time过得愉快(不可数名词“时间”。) 8.China was the first country in the world to use paper money.(P88)中国是世界上第一个使用纸币的国家。first 第一,通常和定冠词the连用。in the world世界上;to use paper money动词不定式作定语修饰名词country。 9.Do you usually get lucky money at the Spring Festival? (page 89, Part C)你通常会在春节收到压岁钱吗?//Do you make a budget for your lucky money?(P89)你为你的压岁钱做预算吗? 句中的lucky money指压岁钱。长辈给晚辈压岁钱是中国的过年习俗之一,包含着长辈对晚辈的关怀和祝福。 lucky adj.带来好运的;幸运的;由“luck(n.运气)+ -y”构成。a lucky dog幸运儿// lucky cat招财猫What a lucky girl!多么幸运的女孩啊!(作定语)// Most people like to wear red on important days because red is a lucky colour.(作定语) be/feel lucky to do sth.有幸做某事We are lucky to live in a peaceful country. 我们很幸运生活在一个和平的国家。(作表语) luck n.幸运,好运[UC] unluck 不幸,倒霉unlucky adj.不幸的,倒霉的 luckily adv. unluckily adv.不幸地,倒霉地 Luckily, some climbers helped Simon. Unluckily, the cat is missing. 10.Of course! My grandparents give me the most.当然!我爷爷奶奶给我最多。(P89) the most最多//most大部分 most families 11.Same here.(page 89, Part C)我也一样。 句中same here 相当于me too ,表示“我也是,我也一样”。常用的口语表达,表达与某人有相同的意见、感受或经历等。如: -Glad to meet you.很高兴见到你。 -Same here.我也是。 —I can’t wait to see it.我巴不得马上看到它。—Same here.我也一样。 12.Some of my other relatives do too.我的一些其他亲戚也给我。(P89) relative n.亲戚a close/distant relative近/远亲//friends and relatives 亲友 Good neighbours are better than distant relatives.远亲不如近邻。 This is a gathering of friends and relatives.这是一场亲朋好友的聚会。 13.My uncle lives far away in Shenzhen, so he sometimes sends me online red packets.(P89) 我叔叔远在深圳,所以他有时会给我发网上红包。 send v.发送(过去式为sent)及物动词,其后可以接双宾语,即:send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.把某物发送给某人。Don’t forget to send me an email (=send an email to me).别忘了给我发一封电子邮件。 拓展:send的其他常见含义: v.邮寄;派遣;安排去;send sb. to do sth.派遣/打发某人做某事 I’m going to send her a card (=send a card to her) and give her my best wishes.我打算给她邮寄一张卡片,致以我最美好的祝愿。 I sent Tom to buy some milk.我叫汤姆去买些牛奶了。 14.Complete the survey below with your own information.用你自己的信息完成下面的调查。(P89) survey n.民意调查;概述; a survey on/about…一项关于……的调查 Here is a survey on students’ activities.这是一项关于学生活动的调查。 He gave a short survey of the situation.他对情况作了简要的概述。 15.You never know when you may need it. (P89)你永远不知道你什么时候可能会需要钱。when you may need it.是整个句子作动词know的宾语为宾语从句。宾语从句需要注意用陈述句语序。 16.Mr. Wu asked the Class 1, Grade 7 students to write an article about what they do with their lucky money.吴老师叫七年级1班的学生们写一篇关于怎么处理他们压岁钱的文章。(P89)=Mr. Wu asked the Class 1, Grade 7 students to write an article about how they deal with their lucky money. 17.What do you spend your lucky money on?(P89)你把压岁钱都花在什么上面?=What do you pay your lucky money for? 18.Millie is writing about what she does with her lucky money.米莉在写她是怎样处理她的压岁钱的。=Millie is writing about how she deals with her lucky money.(P90)//What I do with my lucky money.=How I deal with my lucky money. (P90)我如何处理我的压岁钱。 19.I usually spend most of my lucky money on pens, books, food and music. (P90) 我通常把我大部分的压岁钱花在买钢笔、书、食物和音乐上。 20.I also use some money to help children in need every year.每年我还会用一些压岁钱去帮助生活困难的孩子。(P90) in need在贫困中,在困难中;通常位于被修饰的词后作定语。 She is always ready to help people in need. 她总是乐意帮助生活困难的人。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 be in need of...“需要……”,相当于实义动词need。 The house is in need of a good clean.这房子需要大扫除。 Jack always gives his friends help when they need it, because he knows “A friend in need is a friend indeed”. 21.As Mum always tells me, it is important to save for a rainy day.正如我妈妈总是告诉我的,未雨绸缪很重要。(P90) 22.It helps me plan what to do with it and have good spending habits.这有助于我计划如何使用这笔钱,并养成良好的消费习惯。(P90) what to do with it =how to deal with it habit n.习惯eating habits饮食习惯//a good/bad habit好/坏习惯 have a habit of doing...有做……的习惯 It’s a good habit to brush your teeth after a meal.饭后刷牙是一个好习惯。 He has a habit of being late.他有迟到的习惯。 Further study (P91) A gentleman makes money in an honest way and uses it wisely.(P91) 君子爱财,取之有道,用之有度。 If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.(P91) 如果你买不需要的东西,你就会很快卖掉你所需要的东西。-巴菲特 Savings: Don't save what is left after spending; spend what