Unit 7 词汇讲练 2024-2025学年译林版英语七年有上册

7AUnit7词汇讲练 一、词汇专练 一、）词汇拓展（四会词&短语）： wise adj. 明智的 be wise with sth. 明智地对待某事be wise after the event事后聪明；马后炮wisely adv. 明智地wiser n. 智者wisdom n.智慧 be wise=be of wisdom be wise to do sth.做某事是明智的。It is wise（of sb.）to do sth.（某人）做某事是明智的； *yuan n. (pl. yuan)元(中国货币单位) *euro n.欧元(欧盟中某些国家的货币单位) pound n.英镑(英国货币单位) *yen n. (pl. yen) 日元(日本货币单位) *rouble n.卢布(俄罗斯货币单位) dollar n.元(美国、加拿大,澳大利亚等国的货币单位) key n.钥匙 adj.关键的;主要的;最重要的; I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself in.我把钥匙给你，你可以自己开门进去。 ring n. 环状物,圈形的东西 baseball n.棒球运动;棒球 base +ball →baseball Russian adj.俄罗斯(人)的,俄语的 Russia n. 俄罗斯 Russian n.俄国人; 俄语; 俄国人 pl. Russians ; set n.一套，一副,一组(类似的东西) a set of 一套,一副,一组 （作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由set的单复数决定。） inside prep.在(向) …里面 adv.在(向) 里面 outside prep. 在(向) …外面 adv.在(向) 外面 another pron. & det.另一,又一 other(s)//the other(s) colourful adj. (AmE colorful) 五彩缤纷的;丰富多彩的 n. colour/color colour + -ful（形容词后缀）→colourful（-ful是形容词后缀，加在某些名词后面，意为“充满……的，有……性质的”。）help→ helpful//use→useful//care→careful surprise n.令人惊奇的事情(或消息等) to one’s surprise令人惊奇的 in surprise惊讶地, 吃惊地 take…by surprise 出其不意地 adj. surprising（常用来描述物）/ surprised （常用来描述人） player n. 运动员 swimmer//driver//teacher protect vt. & vi. 保护,防护 protection n. 〖UC〗保护；防卫protect ... from ...“保护……免受……危害” protect against保护，保卫； mall n.购物商场 across prep.在…对面;从…一边到另一边;遍及 cross v. through cost vt.需付费,价钱为 pay//spend//cover manage vt.明智地使用;管理manage to do sth.设法做成某事n. management管理 n. manager经理 budget n.预算 cover vt.足以支付,够付 pay//spend//cost education n.教育〖UC〗 educate v. pay vi. & vt.付款 pay sb. to do sth. spend//cost// cover pay for 支付 =spend on/doing sth flat /flæt/ n. <英>公寓 daily /'deɪli/ adj.每日的 weekly/monthly/yearly per cent n. (pl. per cent) (AmE percent)百分之… percentage n. 百分比，百分率； expensive adj.昂贵的 cheap adj.便宜的 save vt. & vi.储蓄;节省 save money/water bank n.银行 account n.账户 rainy adj. 阴雨的 rain n./v. 雨(下雨) cloudy/snowy/icy/noisy/sunny/foggy matter vi. & vt. 要紧,有重大影响It doesn’t matter. 没关系。What’s the matter(n.)? pocket n.口袋 pocket money n. 零花钱 notebook n.笔记本 note+ book →notebook rest /rest/ n.剩余部分;其他 strawberry n.草莓 straw（稻草）+ berry（莓；浆果）→strawberry pl. strawberries bookshop n.书店 book+ shop →bookshop eraser n.<美>橡皮 rubber n.<英>橡皮 as prep.作为,当作 conj.因为,由于;正如 adv.像…一样 present n.礼物 gift away adv.(时间或空间上)离开，在(某距离)处;去别处 off *shell n.壳;骨架 deal n.交易 (88) a great deal of +不可数名词；许多/大量……//deal with…对付；处理//make a deal达成交易 coin n. 硬币 (88) 当表示具体的硬币枚数时，为可数名词；当表示硬币的统称时，为不可数名词。 online adv.在线上,在网上adj.线上的,网上的 on+ line →online 反义词为offline lucky adj.带来好运的;幸运的luck n. 好运 luckily adv.好运地;幸运地 lucky money n.压岁钱 lucky cat 招财猫 a lucky dog幸运儿 *grandparent n.(外)祖父，(外)祖母grand+ parent →grandparent//grandson//granddaughter relative n.亲戚 related adj.有关的 relationship n.关系 send vt. 发送 send sb. sth. =send sth. to sb. sender n. 发送者 red packet n.红包 survey n.民意调查;概述 survey一个关于 的调查 in need 在贫困中,在困难中 in need of… 需要…… //meet one’s needs满足某人的需求 beginning n.开头,开端 at the beginning (of…)// in the beginning=at first habit n.习惯 二、）词语辨析： another//other// the other // others // the others No.1another 代词，另一个，指三个以上中的另一个。后面一般常接可数名词单数，或者数词＋名词复数。another+数词+名词复数=数词+more+名词复数，比如：another ten chairs=ten more chairs 另外十把椅子；another+名词单数=one more+名词单数，比如：another apple=one more apple 又一个苹果。 I don't want this sweater，give me another one.我不想要这件毛衣，给我另一件。 You can walk another 2 kilometers along the same road and you will see the town. 你可以沿着同一条路再走2公里，你就会看到那个小镇。 No.2 other 形容词/代词 做形容词时表泛指，指一群中的另外的，其他的，多余的人或者物，后常跟名词复数，不能独立使用。做代词时，指（两个中的人或事）另一个，其他，那个。 Other problems may follow.其他的问题会不断涌来。 I want some other apples.我想要一些另外的苹果。 Where is my other glove?我那只手套在哪里? No.3 the other 强调两者中的一个，有特指的意思。常用固定搭配：one……the other…… I have two good friends，one is Lucy，the other is Linda.我有2个好朋友，一个是露西，一个是琳达。 He and the other student are cleaning the classroom.他和另一个同学正在打扫教室。 No.4 others (=other+复数名词) 代词,其他的，另外的人或者事，也是表泛指，相当于other＋可数名词复数，就像人称中的形物代和名物代一样，名物代=形物代+名词。 In studying with others，you find out more about yourself.在和其他人的学习中，你会进一步地了解自己。 Don't laugh at the mistakes of others.不要嘲笑别人的错误。 No.5 the others (=the other+复数名词)其他的，另外的人或者事。特指一定范围内，后面不接其他词，独立做主语或者宾语。 There are only three apples on the desk. Where are the others? 桌子上只有3个苹果，其他的呢？ He and the others are entering into the classroom.他和其他人正在进教室。 across//through///by across“穿过”，强调从物体的表面穿过。如: They are going across the road. through贯穿, 穿过，透过 (强调从内部穿透); 通过。 1.)表示“贯穿”, “穿过”，“透过”时，强调从内部穿透。如: go through the park（穿过或通过公园），push through the crowds（通过人群）. 2.)表示“通过”是指“通过某方式”，使用的是通过的转义，通过某人或某媒介，通过某种行为的意思。如： You can get a lot of information through the Internet.你可以通过网络获取信息。 by在旁边,从旁边,到旁边（强调从旁边经过或路过); 通过。 1.)表示“在旁边”, “从旁边”，“到旁边”时，强调从旁边经过或路过。如：sit by the window 2.)by一般在使用时，表示“通过某手段或方法”的意思。如： I can keep in touch with friends and family by using WeChat. 通过使用微信我能与朋友和家人保持联系。 cost//pay//spend//cover// take 1.cost：指花费时间、金钱、精力等，只能用事物做主语且无被动语态； The car cost him around ten thousand US dollars. =He spent around ten thousand US dollars buying/on the car. = He paid around ten thousand US dollars for the car. 2.pay：主指支付金钱和感情的回报；人+ pay + 钱 + for + 物 She paid the money to me. = She spent the money on me. 3.spend：指花费时间和金钱，只能用人做主语，有被动语态；人+ spend + 钱/时间 + (in)doing sth //人+ spend + 钱/时间 + on sth I spend two hours doing/on my homework every day. = It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 4. cover vt.足以支付,够付; $100 should cover your expenses. Will 2000 yuan cover the cost of the computer? To cover (足以支付) the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. 5.take：主指花费时间和力气，一般只用事物做主语；It takes/took/will take + sb + 时间 + to do sth It takes me two minutes to answer the question . = I spend two minutes answering the question. percent//percentage percent：n./adj./adv.百分之……；部分；百分之……的；以百分之……地，每一百中有……地。percent前一般有具体数字，是具体的，表示具体比例。其用法为：数词+ percent + of + sth.（后面谓语动词的单复数和percent后面的主语保持一致。）；如: 1).Twenty percent of the students agree with you.百分之二十的学生赞同你。 2).Thirty percent of time passes.百分之三十的时间过去了。 3).Ten percent of the teachers are men in this school. percentage: n. 百分比，百分率；部分，比例；利润分成，提成；利益，好处。percentage是抽象的，前面可有形容词修饰如significant，large等，表示一定比例。用法是The percentage of +sth.+ is+ …; (注意: 这里不管of后面跟的是什么词,都用is。) 如: 1).The percentage of the students is 46. 2).The percentage of the water is 46. 3).The percentage of students who passed the exam is high.通过考试的学生百分比很高。 present//gift 1.present可以是加以“奖励”，或作为“纪念品”的礼物； gift能表示“赠送”或“捐赠”的礼物。 We handed out gifts of food and clothing to the survivors of the flood.我们向洪灾的难民分发了食物和衣服等礼物。 Amy accepted the present given to her by her uncle for her excellent results.艾米接受了她叔叔因为她成绩优异送给她的礼物。 2.present是日常生活非正式语境中使用的词；gift是正式语境中正式语言中使用的词。 She gave me an unusual gift.她给了我一份不同寻常的礼物。 What do you want for a present?你想要什么礼物？ 3.gift往往比present更有价值，更珍贵；present更普通。 She bought her friend a present.她给朋友买了一件礼物。 The watch was a gift from my mother.这块手表是我妈妈给我的礼物。 （用present表现不出在我心中的珍贵。） 4.present只能是具体的礼物；gift既可以是具体的礼物，也可以是抽象的礼物： I went around all the shops but I couldn't find a present for him.我走遍了所有的商店，但找不到给他的礼物。 A gift of love for your birthday, which is a warm wish from my heart.给你的生日送上一份爱的礼物，这是我发自内心的温馨祝愿。 5.gift可以做定语，present不做定语。 There's a gift shop in the museum.博物馆里有一家礼品店。 away//off away和off都可以表示“离开”，当表达离开某个地方时，away和off有时可以互换使用，但在不同的语境中，用法上有所不同。 away通常表示离开某个位置或状态，强调距离和时间的概念。如: - I need to get away from the city for a while. 我需要离开城市一段时间。 - Go away! 离开这里！ - She's away on vacation. 她正在度假中。 off通常表示从某地出发或者离开某个地方，强调离开某个对象或场景。如: - I'm off to work. 我出发去上班了。 - The train is off. 火车已经出发了。 - The dog ran off. 狗跑了。 注意: 1.在美国口语中，away用在表示距离、时间的behind, back, down, up等词前以加强语气。 如: America was discovered away back in the 15th century. 2.away只能用作副词；off可作副词也可作介词用。如: Keep off the grass! // He is off smoking. in the beginning//at the beginning 1.in the beginning，常单独使用，表示“起初、一开始”，常与后来的事情作对比。表示一开始怎样，但是后来又怎样了。 如： In the beginning, they didn't know each other. But they soon became best friends.一开始，他们不认识彼此。但是他们很快成了最好的朋友。 In the beginning, he was very excited. Later on, he became sad and angry.起初，他非常兴奋。之后，他就伤心生气了。 2.1).at the beginning用于表示在..开始的时候，和of短语连用：at the beginning of +时间段/活动/文章、书本等，表示在...... (活动)开始的时候，在......之初（的开头）。如： at the beginning of this year在今年年初// at the beginning of the story.在故事开头 We met at the park at the beginning of September.我们在九月初的时候在公园遇见。 What did he say at the beginning of the meeting?他在会议开始的时候说了什么? He told us a joke at the beginning of the speech.他在演讲开始的时候给我们讲了一个小孩的笑话。 There was a picture at the beginning of the book.这本书的开头有一张图片。 2).常用right at the beginning, at the very beginning 强调一开始就已经做了某事。 I told you so right at the beginning.我一开始就告诉过你了。 She wasn't good to me at the very beginning.她一开始就对我不好。 3).常用start at the beginning表示从头开始讲述、或从头开始某项活动。 Could we start at the beginning? Tell me how you met Lily.我们从头开始好吗?告诉我你是怎么认识莉莉的。 即时自测： 根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词。 Look at the 1.____________(民意调查) below about how do the students2.____________(交易) with their lucky money and make a 3.____________(预算) and see if they are 4.___________(明智的) with money. Millie gets 5.____________(带来好运的) money from her6.____________(祖父母) and other 7.____________(亲戚). Her uncle living far away in Shenzhen sometimes 8.____________(发送) her 9.____________(在线上) red 10.____________(红包). At the 11.____________(开头) of each year, Millie ties to 12.____________(管理) her money well. She spends some money on 13.____________(每日的) needs and hobbies, she 14.____________(付款) for things like 15.____________(笔记本), 16.____________(橡皮) and 17.____________(一套) 18.________(俄罗斯的) dolls. These things can be very 19.____________(昂贵的). The dolls come one 20.____________(在…里面) 21.____________(另一,又一), from the biggest to the smallest. They're 22.____________(五彩缤纷的) and full of 23.____________(令人惊奇的事情). That will 24.____________(需付费) a lot of money. She uses some money to help children 25.____________(在困难中). She usually 26.____________(储蓄) the 27.____________(剩余部分) in her 28.____________(银行账户). 29.____________(正如) Mum always tells her, it is important to 30.____________(储蓄;节省) for a 31.____________(阴雨的) day. It helps her have good spending 32.____________(习惯). Simon thinks money 33.____________(要紧,有重大影响) in life. So in his 34.____________(预算) he has to 35.____________(足以支付) his 36.____________(教育) first. He loves baseball caps because 37.____________(运动员) wear them to 38.____________(保护) their eyes from the sun, so he buys them 39.____________(作为) 40.____________(礼物) for us in the 41.____________(购物商场) 42.____________(在…对面) the street. He likes eating 43.____________(草莓), but he doesn’t buy them. He also enjoys money from different times, such as shells, 44.____________(硬币) and paper money. He uses his 45.____________(口袋) money to collect them. 答案： 1.survey;2.deal;3.budget;4.wise;5.lucky;6.grandparents;7.relatives;8.sends;9.online;10.packets; 11.beginning;12.manage; 13.daily;14.pays;15.notebooks;16.erasers;17.a set of; 18.Russian; 19.expensive;20.inside;21.another;22.colourful;23.surprises;24.cost;25.in need;26.saves;27.rest; 28.bank account;29.As; 30.save; 31.rainy; 32.habits;33.matters;34.budget;35.cove; 36.education; 37.players;38.protect;39.as;40.presents;41.mall;42.across;43.strawberries; 44.coins; 45.pocket; 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$