专题07 阅读回答问题15篇（期末真题好题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题07 阅读回答问题15篇 （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Studying abroad has become an extremely popular study option amongst university students. While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers. In my opinion, students are far better off studying abroad even though it might be a bit costly. One of the greatest advantages of studying in a foreign country is that it exposes students to essential life experiences that will develop them professionally, impossible if they have studied only in their own country. Being in another country forces people to pop and come out of their bubble of comfort, opening them to a wide range of opportunities, which can help them advance in their careers. When I went to study in the UK as an eighteen-year-old, I had to push myself out of my comfort zone and become self-reliant, making me much more mentally and emotionally mature. These ultra-challenging experiences are what develops a person. A negative aspect of studying overseas is that it is extremely expensive. It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses. I had to take an. education loan of 30000 pounds to fund my tuition fees. Moreover, during my stay in the UK. I had to take up a job as a part-time waiter to earn enough to pay my monthly rent and meet a part of my monthly expenses. An increasing number of students are opting to study overseas. Although studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket, it will test and challenge you mentally and emotionally, helping your overall personal and professional development. In my opinion, long-term professional and personal gains from overseas studies justify every penny spent on it. 1．What’s the author’s opinion towards studying abroad? 2．What drives up the expenses of studying abroad? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then change it and explain why. Studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket and challenge you, so overseas studies are not worth it. 4．Apart from what have been mentioned towards studying abroad, what else do you think of it?(In about 40 words ) （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Alle Pierce knows how to plan a holiday. A few months ahead of time, she constructs a spreadsheet of what she wants to do and see. She examines the menus of restaurants she is planning to visit. She uses a picture of the destination as her phone’s locked screen image and downloads a countdown app. “What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. Experts stay she is right. Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. “Imagining good things ahead of us can increase motivation, optimism and patience,” says Simon Rego, a psychologist from New York. Of course we can’t just book a flight every time we need a little cheering up or feel low. But there are ways to incorporate the power of anticipation into your everyday life. Get excited about little things. Write down one thing you’re excited for tomorrow. Maybe it’s a new book, or a package you’re expecting. The collection of these mini thrills means you will still gain the benefits of looking forward to something. Plus, with the nearer stuff, there’s more of a sense that it’s going to happen for sure. Remember that anxiety and anticipation can coexist. “The dark side of positive anticipation is anticipatory anxiety. Anxiety and excitement are sister emotions,” says Christian Waugh, a psychology professor from North Carolina. But it is harmful only when you just focus on the anxiety part and ignore the excitement part. The key is acknowledging the happy, positive aspect of what you are doing, along with the nervous feelings. When you consider anxious things as exciting, it actually makes you feel better about them. Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. Thinking ahead may help you prioritize your goal and move toward it. As you start seeing progress, you will look forward to doing the things that get you closer to your future self. In short, to enjoy life more, embrace anticipation. It’s worth waiting for. 1．What makes a trip exciting according to Alle Pierce? 2．How does hoping for something benefit us? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. 4．Please give an example to show how you can incorporate the power of anticipation into your daily life. (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京丰台·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, a lot of young people seem to spend much of their free time either watching television or playing computer games. Certainly, these things are entertaining, but they don’t contribute much to developing their brains. Many believe that reading books, and especially fiction, is a much more effective way of achieving this. The most obvious benefit we get from reading a good story is a growing vocabulary. We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words. In addition, we improve in other areas such as speaking and writing just by reading regularly. It has also been established that reading fiction is a good way of developing a good self-image. Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material. Most importantly, however, reading fiction helps us to develop our brains. The human brain can work well when we just do regular things, like driving or walking. However, learning expert Dr. Brian E. Walsh suggested that it can perform more effectively when an element of surprise is added, because this helps to build connections in the brain. In this respect, the positive effects of reading may be much stronger than previously thought. Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things. Reading fiction enables us to experience fresh scenarios(情节) and identify with the people we are reading about. When we mentally create the scenes, the look of the characters, the smells, and the sounds in the book, we are exercising our brain. The brain is challenged. This is a positive thing because it will continue to grow and develop if properly stimulated. The more it is used, the better it becomes. 1．How does reading help us improve vocabulary? 2．What are the problems for people who seldom read according to the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. 4．Apart from what are mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) have you gained from reading fiction? （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals. We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our ideal university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more often than not, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of the goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” If you find yourself working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. First, enjoy the journey. You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Second, foresee the comedown. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Third, normalize the experience. The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people undergo. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 1．Based on what Rachel Vora says, what can an anti-climax be? 2．What steps can you take to manage the feeling of anti-climax? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. 4．Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京海淀·期末）阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We’ve all seen the little kids—losing temper in the toy store, screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public. For their parents, giving in to a kid’s monstrous behavior helps to end the mess and gain some peace and quiet, and this is where overindulgence begins. According to Kathy Webb, a psychotherapist in Brunswick, overindulgence is the result of parents’ beliefs. A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love. Overindulgence can create a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors in children. When overindulged, children develop unrealistic expectations which do not serve them as they grow. Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. “Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,” she said. Many parents don’t intentionally overindulge, but fail to follow through on consequences.  “Consequences help children develop their own self-guidance skills,” Webb said. “Without consequences, children never learn to discipline themselves.” But parents who have overindulged shouldn’t just throw up their hands and walk away from the situation, feeling like failures. There are steps that can be taken to turn family life around. “All is not lost,” Webb said. “You just have to take it step by step.” Identifying problems and what can be done to correct them are the first steps. This is where parents might want to invest in some counseling or parent coaching and refer to some parenting books. Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents. “Say what you mean and mean what you say,” Webb said. It seems that all it takes is one raised eyebrow and a very stern look to stop the misbehaviour. But Webb believes what really grounded her children is their inclusion in the family’s life, not just the fun stuff like vacations and outings. They should also be taught to clean house, cook, and do laundry. 1．What do overindulgent parents believe? 2．What is healthy parenting according to Webb? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. 4．Share one parenting method that benefits your growth and explain why.(In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。 A new study found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year. The result was a much faster rate of change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example to explain the result. If a child is born where 250 stars can be seen on a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, only 100 stars will be seen. The researchers said they had hoped to see improvements in light pollution in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting to be more energy-efficient. Towns and cities are replacing older streetlights with modern LEDS that are more carefully directed downwards, where the light is useful. The hope was that if the light was better directed, the situation would get better. But there are many types of lighting — streetlights, decorative, advertising. So, with all these things combined — and possibly more lighting overall, we are making sky brightness worse. The relatively low cost of LED lighting is also contributing to the problem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher society’s addiction to light. Consequently, light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, a source of inspiration for art, science, literature. It also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. Migratory songbirds normally use starlight to position where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light to position toward the ocean — light pollution is a huge deal for them. 1．What causes light pollution? 2．What are the negative effects of light pollution? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting. 4．Besides light pollution, what do you think is the most serious pollution in life? And explain its effects. (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Kieran Behan was just a boy, maybe 6 years old, when he fell in love with gymnastics, but that was before a series of injuries, two so severe that doctors told him he would never walk again. Yet Behan, pushed on. “Doctors told me, ‘stop thinking about your crazy dreams and you must accept that it’s over for you,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘No, no, no — this is not the rest of my life. This is not how it’s going to play out.’ And look at me now, an Olympian. They said it was impossible, but I did it.” Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. Doctors told him to prepare himself for life in a wheelchair. They were wrong. Although it took 15 months, Behan went back to gymnastics. But eight months after he returned from his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back of his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint. Mearly two years after non-stop physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he could not live without gymnastics and never doubted he would be back. Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said of the London Games. “All I could think about was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro. Behan hopes his tale might inspire others to overcome hardship, whether it is in sports, at work or at home. Still, he struggled to explain why he has been so unbeatable. “I think it’s probably just in my blood,” he said. “I was just born to do this.” 1．What happened during Behan’s leg operation? 2．In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. 4．Do you think Behan is a great athlete? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京石景山·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 People from different generations often live and work together. Sometimes they’re happy being together, other times they’re not. One of the reasons for their unhappiness maybe a generation gap. A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. Of course, people can have differences and still be happy together, but according to the experts, communication between the generations helps everyone get along. Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. To show this change, let’s compare two families: The Smith family uses the “one-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Smith show interest in their children, but they don’t discuss problems of feelings. The parents make all the rules and decisions. They don’t ask for their children’s opinions. They explain their decisions to their children, but they don’t discuss them. The explanation is clear and the children understand. The communication goes one way: from the parents to the children. The Jones family uses the “two-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Jones show interest in their children and ask for their opinions. They discuss problems and express their feelings. The family makes rules and decisions together after a discussion. The communication goes two ways: from parents to children and from children to parents. Better communication between generations at home means better communication between generations at work and in the community. When people from different generations understand each other better, they learn from each other more. This helps them form stronger bonds, work together more easily. As a result, people of all ages can team up effectively and come up with new ideas in different parts of life. 1．What is a generation gap? 2．Where does good communication between the generations begin? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication. 4．To bridge the generation gaps, what other suggestions would you make besides better communication? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job. Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something. Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension. Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties. 1．What is the feature of Grexts? 2．How might humans use group chats like echolocation? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. 4．Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面小说片段，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。 But while he was thinking this, his feet were taking him, step by step, closer and closer to the dot in the distance, which in the meantime had become a speck, and then began to show every sign of turning into a blob. And shortly after that the blob became a figure. And then, as Bruno got even closer, he saw that the thing was neither a dot nor a speck nor a blob nor a figure, but a person. In fact it was a boy. “Hello,” said Bruno. “Hello,” said the boy. Bruno was sure that he had never seen a skinnier or sadder boy in his life but decided that he had better talk to him. “I've been exploring,” he said. “Have you?” said the little boy. “Yes. For almost two hours now.” This was not strictly speaking true. Bruno had been exploring for just over an hour but he didn't think that exaggerating slightly would be too bad a thing to do. It wasn't quite the same thing as lying and made him seem more adventurous than he really was. “Have you found anything?” asked the boy. “Very little.” “Nothing at all?” “Well, I found you,” said Bruno after a moment. He sat down on the ground on his side of the fence and crossed his legs like the little boy and wished that he had brought some chocolate with him or perhaps a pastry that they could share. “I'm Shmuel,” said the little boy. Bruno scrunched up his face, not sure that he had heard the little boy right. “What did you say your name was?” he asked. “Shmuel,” said the little boy as if it was the most natural thing in the world. “What did you say your name was?” “Bruno,” said Bruno. “I've never heard of that name,” said Shmuel. “And I've never heard of your name,” said Bruno. “Shmuel.” He thought about it. “Shmuel,” he repeated. “I like the way it sounds when I say it. Shmuel. It sounds like the wind blowing.” “Bruno,” said Shmuel, nodding his head happily. “Yes, I think I like your name too. It sounds like someone who's rubbing their arms to keep warm.” “How old are you?” he asked. Shmuel thought about it and looked down at his fingers and they wiggled in the air, as if he was trying to count. “I'm nine,” he said. “My birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.” Bruno stared at him in surprise. “What did you say?” he asked. “I said my birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.” Bruno's eyes opened wide and his mouth made the shape of an O. “I don't believe it,” he said. “Why not?” asked Shmuel. “No,” said Bruno, shaking his head quickly. “I don't mean I don't believe you. I mean I'm surprised, that's all. Because my birthday is April the fifteenth too. And I was born in nineteen thirty-four. We were born on the same day?” Shmuel thought about this. “So you're nine too,” he said. “Yes. Isn't that strange?” “Very strange,” said Shmuel. “We're like twins,” said Bruno. “A little bit,” agreed Shmuel. “Where did you come from?” asked Shmuel, narrowing his eyes and looking at Bruno curiously. “Berlin.” “Where's that?” Bruno opened his mouth to answer but found that he wasn't entirely sure. “It's in Germany, of course,” he said. “Don't you come from Germany?” “No, I'm from Poland,” said Shmuel. Bruno frowned. “Then why do you speak German?” he asked. “Because you said hello in German. So I answered in German. Can you speak Polish?” “No,” said Bruno, laughing nervously. “I don't know anyone who can speak two languages. And especially no one of our age.” “Mama is a teacher in my school and she taught me German,” explained Shmuel. “She speaks French too. And Italian. And English. She's very clever. I don't speak French or Italian yet, but she said she'd teach me English one day because I might need to know it.” 1．Why did Bruno lie to Shmuel about the time he had been exploring? 2．What did Bruno and Shmuel have in common? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. 4．Is having the same interests good for friendship? Please put forward your idea and explain the reason. (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Are you a bookworm? Is your head permanently stuck in a book? If so, that’s a good thing. There are many benefits to reading. Getting into a good novel improves our literacy. But who or what encourages us to pick up a book and start reading? Of course, when we are young, our parents and teachers inspire us by introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. And there are the authors—the people who invent and write about these characters. Good writing can really capture our imagination. As a child, I loved books written by Roald Dahl, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and The Twits. These fictional stories were funny, mysterious, and slightly adventurous. These books are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors. One modern-day children’s author is J. K. Rowling，who’s known for her books about the wizard, Harry Potter. Last year she was named as a “literacy hero” for her part in improving people’s love of reading. The UK’s National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for “turning a generation of children into readers”. The Trust also honoured schoolchildren, a librarian and teachers for their effort in trying to get people to read. The actor, Henry Winkler, who has dyslexia, was also named for the books he has written about a boy with learning difficulties. Reading books is more than an enjoyable pastime; it can also help people in difficult circumstances. The author Pat Winslow worked as a writer in prisons and found reading and discus- sing stories helped prisoners reflect on their patterns of behaviour. She says, “Very often we would have discussions about the moral compass of a character, what was the motivation of somebody, why did they behave that way?” Today I tend to read factual books such as biographies, where you get an insight into the lives of important and well-known people. I also enjoy looking at travel books and learning about journeys and new destinations. It’s a good substitute if you can’t visit in person. But the main benefit of reading is to improve our literacy. The more we do it, the better we get and who knows—one day you may become the next Tolstoy, Jackie Collins or even William Shakespeare. 1．How are we encouraged to read when we are young? 2．Why was J K. Rowling awarded by the UK’s National Literacy Trust? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In the face of the competition from contemporary authors, the stories the author read when he was young are not so widely enjoyed by young readers as they used to be. 4．Besides the ones mentioned in the passage, what else do you think can reading benefit us? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京平谷·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The term “moonlight clan” refers to low-income earners in China who spend all of their income meeting their basic needs. According to CCTV in 2021, 40 percent of singles in China’s first-tier cities belong to the “moonlight clan.” On the other hand, the Chinese household savings rate remains high. The average savings rate in China is over 45 percent. In other words, nearly half of a household’s income does not flow back into the economy but sits in a bank account (or somewhere else). Some experts are concerned about this high rate because of limited capital flows and a less active currency. But considering current economic situation in China, the high savings rate is a good thing. To cope with pressure, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to stimulate residents’ consumption, such as encouraging the purchase of vehicles in the countryside and providing consumption vouchers(消费券). High savings rates are undoubtedly an important support for these policies because without actual money in the bank, no matter how encouraging the policies are, the public just won’t shop. Despite a still very active market, China needs more effective measures to persuade more people to start spending again and stimulate the economy. And once more people feel like spending freely again, China’s domestic market will surely grow stronger, promising sound economic growth in the long term. 1．According to the passage, what does the term “moonlight clan” refer to?   2．Why are some experts worried about the high household savings rate? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To cope with the current difficult economic situation, the Chinese government forced the people to consume. 4．Would you like to be a member of the “moonlight clan” in the future? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep. However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的）health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔）sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms. Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise. He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day — but only if we choose to keep doing it.” 1．What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health? 2．What did Schrauwen’s new study figure out? 3．Please decide whether the following statement is true or false and explain why. Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data. 4．As for exercising, what do you think is the most important? Why? (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys. Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation (名声) for providing a great riding experience. The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them. In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. With golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun’s rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life. Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild. 1．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 2．How does a tourist feel when he or she moves closer to the wild animals on horseback? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following space order. 4．Please introduce the most exciting trip you’ve ever taken. (In about 40 words) （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Why Do We Get Our Best Ideas in the Shower? Creativity sometimes requires taking a step back. Activities like showering or walking can help. When you’re struggling with a problem that feels unsolvable and then somewhere between shampoo and conditioner, you find the answer in the shower. Doing something mindless like showering, we can find a creative solution. Researchers at the University of Virginia call it “the shower effect”. They have found that mildly engaging tasks like showering or walking can boost the most creativity. Creative idea generation requires that one should strike a balance between focused thinking which limits originality and random associations which are often irrelevant to our creative problems. People in the study weren’t actually showering. Instead, researchers tried to imitate (模仿) the engagement level of a shower or walking through videos that required a certain level of engagement. Participants either saw a video that was considered boring—two men folding laundry—or a video of the famous scene in a familiar movie. After that, participants had 45 seconds before researchers asked them to list creative uses for a brick or a paperclip. This research highlights the importance of stepping away from a problem to solve it, says Alice Flaherty, at Harvard Medical School. She says her students could learn a thing or two from the research because time away from a task is what helps us focus afterwards. “Some of my graduate students are so dedicated that they won’t get up from their desks until they have a creative idea, which is counterproductive because they don’t ever let their brains step back and take a rest”. But Flaherty also holds that researchers need to control physical arousal (唤起). “They say that when you’re out walking or showering it’s mildly engaging to the brain, but it might just be that it’s physically arousing,” she says. “An activity increases your heart rate, which might make you think you have the best idea. While showering might promote creativity, it might not be for the reasons they state.” But whatever the reason, Flaherty agrees that when you’re stuck and can’t seem to come up with a creative solution, stepping away to do something completely unrelated could get your juices flowing. 1．What is “the shower effect”? 2．What does creative idea generation require? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and explain why. ▶ Alice Flaherty holds that her dedicated graduate students need to sit in front of the desks all day to come up with a creative idea. 4．In addition to showering or walking, what other activities may help you find a creative solution in your daily life? Why? (In about 40 words) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读回答问题15篇 （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Studying abroad has become an extremely popular study option amongst university students. While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers. In my opinion, students are far better off studying abroad even though it might be a bit costly. One of the greatest advantages of studying in a foreign country is that it exposes students to essential life experiences that will develop them professionally, impossible if they have studied only in their own country. Being in another country forces people to pop and come out of their bubble of comfort, opening them to a wide range of opportunities, which can help them advance in their careers. When I went to study in the UK as an eighteen-year-old, I had to push myself out of my comfort zone and become self-reliant, making me much more mentally and emotionally mature. These ultra-challenging experiences are what develops a person. A negative aspect of studying overseas is that it is extremely expensive. It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses. I had to take an. education loan of 30000 pounds to fund my tuition fees. Moreover, during my stay in the UK. I had to take up a job as a part-time waiter to earn enough to pay my monthly rent and meet a part of my monthly expenses. An increasing number of students are opting to study overseas. Although studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket, it will test and challenge you mentally and emotionally, helping your overall personal and professional development. In my opinion, long-term professional and personal gains from overseas studies justify every penny spent on it. 1．What’s the author’s opinion towards studying abroad? 2．What drives up the expenses of studying abroad? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then change it and explain why. Studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket and challenge you, so overseas studies are not worth it. 4．Apart from what have been mentioned towards studying abroad, what else do you think of it?(In about 40 words ) 【答案】1．The author believes that the exposure to diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later on in their careers. 2．High university fees, stationery and study material expenses, travel costs, rent, food expenses, and other different expenses. 3．The false part of the statement is "overseas studies are not worth it." The statement is incorrect because the author believes that despite the financial challenges, the long-term benefits of studying abroad justify the expenses. 4．Studying abroad also offers opportunities for language acquisition, networking with international peers, and gaining a broader perspective on global issues, which can enhance one's adaptability and intercultural communication skills. 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养。作者认为，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可知作者认为出国留学能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。故答案为The author believes that the exposure to diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later on in their careers. 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses.”（导致开支增加的不仅仅是高昂的大学学费，还包括文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支。）可知是高昂的大学学费、文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支导致了留学费用的增加。故答案为High university fees, stationery and study material expenses, travel costs, rent, food expenses, and other different expenses. 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可推知尽管存在经济挑战，但出国留学的长远利益证明这些费用是值得的。题目中“overseas studies are not worth it.”与作者观点相反，因此错误部分为“overseas studies are not worth it.”。故答案为The false part of the statement is "overseas studies are not worth it." The statement is incorrect because the author believes that despite the financial challenge, the long-term benefits of studying abroad justify the expenses. 4．推理判断题。通读文章并结合主旨可知，文章主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。因此，就个人看来，出国留学也提供了学习语言、与国际同龄人建立联系以及从更广阔的视角看待全球问题的机会，这可以提高个人的适应能力和跨文化交流技能。故答案为Studying abroad also offers opportunities for language acquisition, networking with international peers, and gaining a broader perspective on global issues, which can enhance one's adaptability and intercultural communication skills. 【点睛】 （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Alle Pierce knows how to plan a holiday. A few months ahead of time, she constructs a spreadsheet of what she wants to do and see. She examines the menus of restaurants she is planning to visit. She uses a picture of the destination as her phone’s locked screen image and downloads a countdown app. “What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. Experts stay she is right. Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. “Imagining good things ahead of us can increase motivation, optimism and patience,” says Simon Rego, a psychologist from New York. Of course we can’t just book a flight every time we need a little cheering up or feel low. But there are ways to incorporate the power of anticipation into your everyday life. Get excited about little things. Write down one thing you’re excited for tomorrow. Maybe it’s a new book, or a package you’re expecting. The collection of these mini thrills means you will still gain the benefits of looking forward to something. Plus, with the nearer stuff, there’s more of a sense that it’s going to happen for sure. Remember that anxiety and anticipation can coexist. “The dark side of positive anticipation is anticipatory anxiety. Anxiety and excitement are sister emotions,” says Christian Waugh, a psychology professor from North Carolina. But it is harmful only when you just focus on the anxiety part and ignore the excitement part. The key is acknowledging the happy, positive aspect of what you are doing, along with the nervous feelings. When you consider anxious things as exciting, it actually makes you feel better about them. Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. Thinking ahead may help you prioritize your goal and move toward it. As you start seeing progress, you will look forward to doing the things that get you closer to your future self. In short, to enjoy life more, embrace anticipation. It’s worth waiting for. 1．What makes a trip exciting according to Alle Pierce? 2．How does hoping for something benefit us? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. 4．Please give an example to show how you can incorporate the power of anticipation into your daily life. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The anticipation before a trip makes it exciting. 2．Hoping for something boosts our mood and lowers our stress. 3．According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. Because connecting with your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being. 23．At night, I write down one thing I’m excited for tomorrow, which may be a new book, or getting pastries, or a package I’m expecting. Because anticipating small and delightful experiences makes me as enjoyable as expecting one big event. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明对某事的希望能提升你的情绪，减轻你的压力，让你感觉更好、更积极。 1．考查细节理解。由第一段中““What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. (Pierce是一家豪华旅游公司的创始人，他说：“旅行最令人兴奋的是之前的期待。”)”可知，Alle Pierce认为旅行前的期待使旅行变得令人兴奋。故答案为：The anticipation before a trip makes it exciting. 2．考查细节理解。由第二段中“Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. (最近的研究表明，对某事的希望能提升你的情绪，减轻你的压力)”可知，对某事的希望能提升我们的情绪，减轻我们的压力。故答案为：Hoping for something boosts our mood and lowers our stress. 3．考查细节理解。由倒数第二段中“Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. (与未来的自己建立联系。研究表明，感觉自己正走在通往未来自我的道路上，可以让你摆脱短期思维，从而对你的幸福感产生积极影响)”可知，根据这项研究，因为与未来的自己建立联系会对你的幸福感产生“积极”影响，所以“negative”是错误的。故答案为：According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. Because connecting with your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being. 4．考查开放答题。考生可结合自身实际，谈谈自身如何将期待的力量融入日常生活，例如：晚上，我写下明天我很兴奋的一件事，那可能是一本新书，或者是买糕点，或者是我期待的一个包裹。因为期待小而愉快的经历让我像期待一场大活动一样愉快。故答案为：At night, I write down one thing I’m excited for tomorrow, which may be a new book, or getting pastries, or a package I’m expecting. Because anticipating small and delightful experiences makes me as enjoyable as expecting one big event. （23-24高二上·北京丰台·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, a lot of young people seem to spend much of their free time either watching television or playing computer games. Certainly, these things are entertaining, but they don’t contribute much to developing their brains. Many believe that reading books, and especially fiction, is a much more effective way of achieving this. The most obvious benefit we get from reading a good story is a growing vocabulary. We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words. In addition, we improve in other areas such as speaking and writing just by reading regularly. It has also been established that reading fiction is a good way of developing a good self-image. Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material. Most importantly, however, reading fiction helps us to develop our brains. The human brain can work well when we just do regular things, like driving or walking. However, learning expert Dr. Brian E. Walsh suggested that it can perform more effectively when an element of surprise is added, because this helps to build connections in the brain. In this respect, the positive effects of reading may be much stronger than previously thought. Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things. Reading fiction enables us to experience fresh scenarios(情节) and identify with the people we are reading about. When we mentally create the scenes, the look of the characters, the smells, and the sounds in the book, we are exercising our brain. The brain is challenged. This is a positive thing because it will continue to grow and develop if properly stimulated. The more it is used, the better it becomes. 1．How does reading help us improve vocabulary? 2．What are the problems for people who seldom read according to the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. 4．Apart from what are mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) have you gained from reading fiction? 【答案】1．By understanding these words through context and making us more confident with complex words. 2．The problems for people who seldom read are having low opinions of themselves and influencing their performance in other subjects. 3．Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more unpredictable things in our daily life. 4．Reading can also relax the mood because reading novels can help us temporarily forget the pressure and bring a sense of pleasure. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是阅读的一些好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words.(我们在阅读中遇到生词，并试着通过语境来理解这些单词。渐渐地，我们对复杂的单词更有信心了。)”可知，在阅读时遇到生词，可以通过语境来理解他们，并且逐渐他对复杂单词更有信心，所以通过语境理解单词来帮助我们对生词更有信心，进而提高我们的词汇量。故答案为By understanding these words through context and making us more confident with complex words. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material.(不阅读或阅读能力差的人往往对自己的评价很低。此外，他们可能在其他科目上表现不佳，因为他们不能阅读和理解材料。)”可知，阅读少的人对自己评价很低，而且会在其他科目上表现不佳，由此可知，很少阅读的人对自己评价很低且影响其他科目上的表现。故答案为The problems for people who seldom read are having low opinions of themselves and influencing their performance in other subjects. 3．考查细节理解。根据尾段中的“Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things.(最近的研究表明，大脑对不可预测的事物比可预测的事物反应更强烈。这也许可以解释为什么人们喜欢读小说，因为小说通常包含许多不可预测的事情。)”可知，研究发现，大脑对不可预测的事物比可预测的事物反应更强烈，由此可知，人们喜欢阅读的原因是小说中含有很多不可预测的事情，所以题干中的predictable错误，应为 unpredictable。故答案为Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more unpredictable things in our daily life. 4．开放性题目。除了文中介绍的阅读的好处外，阅读还可以放松心情因为阅读小说是一种良好的休闲活动,可以帮助我们暂时忘记压力和忙碌，带来愉悦感。故答案为Reading can also relax the mood because reading novels can help us temporarily forget the pressure and bring a sense of pleasure. （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals. We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our ideal university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more often than not, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of the goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” If you find yourself working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. First, enjoy the journey. You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Second, foresee the comedown. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Third, normalize the experience. The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people undergo. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 1．Based on what Rachel Vora says, what can an anti-climax be? 2．What steps can you take to manage the feeling of anti-climax? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. 4．Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. 2．First, enjoy the journey. Second, foresee the comedown. Third, normalize the experience. 3．If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, consider planning some time with friends and family. 31．First, I will treat myself to 2-week tours in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessons to learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will volunteer at my local nursing home and give back to the community. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了人们在实现目标后可能会经历的“反高潮”现象，并给出了应对这一现象的建议。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段““An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being.(“反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。通常，里程碑越重要，反高潮就越严重，”心理治疗师、CYP wellness的创始人Rachel Vora说。)”可知，Rachel Vora认为反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。故答案为An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement。 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“First, enjoy the journey.(首先，享受旅程。)”、第五段“Second, foresee the comedown. (第二，预见衰退。)”以及第六段“Third, normalize the experience. (第三，使经历正常化。)”可知，我们可以采取三项措施才管理这种反高潮的感觉。故答案为First, enjoy the journey. Second, foresee the comedown. Third, normalize the experience。 3．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class.(如果你意识到一个潜在的反高潮即将到来，在活动结束后安排一个期待的活动。考虑计划一些与朋友和家人在一起的时间，或者参加一场音乐会，甚至是烹饪课。)”可知，文章作者认为如果意识到一个反高潮即将到来，可以考虑计划和朋友以及家人待在一起的活动。由此可知，原句If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family.中的“avoid”是错误的，应该改成“consider”。故答案为If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family.→If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, consider planning some time with friends and family. 4．开放题。要求考生谈谈如果自己被梦寐以求的大学录取会怎么处理这种反高潮，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为First, I will treat myself to 2-week tours in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessons to learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will volunteer at my local nursing home and give back to the community。 （23-24高二上·北京海淀·期末）阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We’ve all seen the little kids—losing temper in the toy store, screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public. For their parents, giving in to a kid’s monstrous behavior helps to end the mess and gain some peace and quiet, and this is where overindulgence begins. According to Kathy Webb, a psychotherapist in Brunswick, overindulgence is the result of parents’ beliefs. A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love. Overindulgence can create a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors in children. When overindulged, children develop unrealistic expectations which do not serve them as they grow. Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. “Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,” she said. Many parents don’t intentionally overindulge, but fail to follow through on consequences.  “Consequences help children develop their own self-guidance skills,” Webb said. “Without consequences, children never learn to discipline themselves.” But parents who have overindulged shouldn’t just throw up their hands and walk away from the situation, feeling like failures. There are steps that can be taken to turn family life around. “All is not lost,” Webb said. “You just have to take it step by step.” Identifying problems and what can be done to correct them are the first steps. This is where parents might want to invest in some counseling or parent coaching and refer to some parenting books. Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents. “Say what you mean and mean what you say,” Webb said. It seems that all it takes is one raised eyebrow and a very stern look to stop the misbehaviour. But Webb believes what really grounded her children is their inclusion in the family’s life, not just the fun stuff like vacations and outings. They should also be taught to clean house, cook, and do laundry. 1．What do overindulgent parents believe? 2．What is healthy parenting according to Webb? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. 4．Share one parenting method that benefits your growth and explain why.(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．They believe that their children should be happy all the time and overindulgence equals love. 2．Healthy parenting means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. 3．To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining proper parental power and ensuring consistency 4．My parents adopt positive reinforcement by praising me for completing a task or exhibiting good manners. Whenever I receive praise and recognition for positive behaviors, I feel valued and respected, leading to increased self-esteem and confidence./My parents give me unconditional love. They always try to create a loving and supporting atmosphere, where I feel emotionally secure and free of stress. Moreover, as such a parenting style allows me to forge close relationship with them, I have also enhanced the ability to build positive relationships with others. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了布伦瑞克的心理治疗师凯西·韦伯(Kathy Webb)说，过度放纵是父母信念的结果。许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love.”（许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。）可知，过度溺爱的父母相信他们认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，过度放纵等于爱。故答案为They believe that their children should be happy all the time and overindulgence equals love. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate.”（韦布说，健康的养育方式意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、高质量的时间、健康的纪律和适当的尊重。）可知，韦伯认为健康的养育意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、优质的时间、健康的纪律和对适当事物的尊重。故答案为Healthy parenting means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents.”（这样的父母也应该设法重新获得适当的父母权力。在一些家庭中，过度溺爱的父母表现得像同龄人，而不是父母。一致性也很重要——孩子们经常模仿他们从父母那里看到的行为。）可知，To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency.（为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事，并确保孩子的言行一致。）这项陈述中，“比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事”这句话是错误的。正确的做法是：为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如重新获得适当的父母权力，并确保孩子的一致性。故答案为To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining proper parental power and ensuring consistency. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的要求“分享一种对你的成长有益的育儿方法，并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我的父母通过表扬我完成了一项任务或表现出良好的举止来采取积极的强化措施。每当我因为积极的行为而受到赞扬和认可时，我就会感到被重视和尊重，从而增强自尊和信心。故答案为My parents adopt positive reinforcement by praising me for completing a task or exhibiting good manners. Whenever I receive praise and recognition for positive behaviors, I feel valued and respected, leading to increased self-esteem and confidence. （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。 A new study found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year. The result was a much faster rate of change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example to explain the result. If a child is born where 250 stars can be seen on a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, only 100 stars will be seen. The researchers said they had hoped to see improvements in light pollution in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting to be more energy-efficient. Towns and cities are replacing older streetlights with modern LEDS that are more carefully directed downwards, where the light is useful. The hope was that if the light was better directed, the situation would get better. But there are many types of lighting — streetlights, decorative, advertising. So, with all these things combined — and possibly more lighting overall, we are making sky brightness worse. The relatively low cost of LED lighting is also contributing to the problem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher society’s addiction to light. Consequently, light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, a source of inspiration for art, science, literature. It also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. Migratory songbirds normally use starlight to position where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light to position toward the ocean — light pollution is a huge deal for them. 1．What causes light pollution? 2．What are the negative effects of light pollution? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting. 4．Besides light pollution, what do you think is the most serious pollution in life? And explain its effects. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting. 2．Light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, and also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. 3．The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting. According to the passage, the sky brightness becomes worse because of more use of LED lighting instead of the lack of it. 39．I think the most serious one is air pollution. Firstly, air pollution prevents us from breathing fresh air, which is harmful to human health. In addition, air pollution also poses significant risks to climate, animals, and plants, leading to more natural disasters. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了光污染形成的原因以及造成的负面影响。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“A new study found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year. (一项新的研究发现，光污染正在使夜空变得更亮，而星星变得更暗。人造照明是主要原因，每年使夜空亮度增加10%左右。)”可知，人造照明是导致光污染主要原因。故答案为Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting. 2．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Consequently, light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, a source of inspiration for art, science, literature. It also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. (因此，光污染导致人类普遍经验的丧失，这是艺术、科学和文学的灵感来源。它也影响人类的日常生活以及其他形式的生命。)”可知，光污染导致人类普遍经验的丧失，也影响着人类和其他生命形式的日常生活。故答案为Light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, and also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. 3．考查判断正误、细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“So, with all these things combined — and possibly more lighting overall, we are making sky brightness worse. The relatively low cost of LED lighting is also contributing to the problem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher society’s addiction to light. (所以，所有这些因素结合在一起——可能还有更多的照明，我们正在使天空的亮度变差。相对低廉的LED照明成本也助长了这个问题，即越便宜越好的照明，社会对光的依赖程度越高。)”可知，天空亮度变得更差，是因为更多地使用了LED照明，而不是缺乏它。试题中the lack of LED lighting(缺乏LED照明)是错误的。故答案为①The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting.②According to the passage, the sky brightness becomes worse because of more use of LED lighting instead of the lack of it. 4．考查阅读表达。通读全文可知，光污染对人类造成严重的负面影响，另外空气污染对人类的危害最为严重。首先，空气污染使我们无法呼吸新鲜空气，这对人体健康有害。此外，空气污染还对气候、动物和植物构成重大风险。故答案为I think the most serious one is air pollution. Firstly, air pollution prevents us from breathing fresh air, which is harmful to human health. In addition, air pollution also poses significant risks to climate, animals, and plants, leading to more natural disasters. （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Kieran Behan was just a boy, maybe 6 years old, when he fell in love with gymnastics, but that was before a series of injuries, two so severe that doctors told him he would never walk again. Yet Behan, pushed on. “Doctors told me, ‘stop thinking about your crazy dreams and you must accept that it’s over for you,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘No, no, no — this is not the rest of my life. This is not how it’s going to play out.’ And look at me now, an Olympian. They said it was impossible, but I did it.” Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. Doctors told him to prepare himself for life in a wheelchair. They were wrong. Although it took 15 months, Behan went back to gymnastics. But eight months after he returned from his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back of his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint. Mearly two years after non-stop physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he could not live without gymnastics and never doubted he would be back. Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said of the London Games. “All I could think about was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro. Behan hopes his tale might inspire others to overcome hardship, whether it is in sports, at work or at home. Still, he struggled to explain why he has been so unbeatable. “I think it’s probably just in my blood,” he said. “I was just born to do this.” 1．What happened during Behan’s leg operation? 2．In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. 4．Do you think Behan is a great athlete? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．A doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. 2．His brain injury affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause him to faint. 3．Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. He got the chance to take part in the London Games but he didn’t make it to the finals. He was qualified for the London Games, but he didn’t make it to the finals. 43．I think he is a great athlete. Because no matter what difficulties he encountered, he would pick himself up again. He ffought for his dream of being an athlete. He has been so unbeatable. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Kieran Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗。 1．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot.(但很快，他就遭受了诸多打击中的第一个打击：在一次腿部手术中，医生的失误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限)”可知，在一次腿部手术中，医生的错误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限。故填A doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint.(这次事故造成了脑损伤，严重影响了他的平衡能力，即使是最轻微的动作也可能导致贝汉晕倒)”可知，他的脑部受伤严重影响了他的平衡，哪怕是最轻微的动作都会让他晕倒。故填His brain injury affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause him to faint. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. (终于，2012年，他的决心开始得到回报。他在奥运会测试赛中的出色表现使他获得了参加奥运会的资格)”和“Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro.(尽管没有进入任何项目的决赛，贝汉从未灰心，坚持参加2016年里约热内卢奥运会)”可知，由于他的决心，他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会，但没有进入决赛。所以句中“he won at the finals in the London Games”是错误的，是因为他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会/参赛资格，但是他没有进入决赛。故填Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. He got the chance to take part in the London Games but he didn’t make it to the finals./He was qualified for the London Games, but he didn’t make it to the finals. 4．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗，他是如此不可战胜的。所以“我”认为他是一名伟大的运动员。故填I think he is a great athlete. Because no matter what difficulties he encountered, he would pick himself up again. He ffought for his dream of being an athlete. He has been so unbeatable. （23-24高二上·北京石景山·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 People from different generations often live and work together. Sometimes they’re happy being together, other times they’re not. One of the reasons for their unhappiness maybe a generation gap. A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. Of course, people can have differences and still be happy together, but according to the experts, communication between the generations helps everyone get along. Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. To show this change, let’s compare two families: The Smith family uses the “one-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Smith show interest in their children, but they don’t discuss problems of feelings. The parents make all the rules and decisions. They don’t ask for their children’s opinions. They explain their decisions to their children, but they don’t discuss them. The explanation is clear and the children understand. The communication goes one way: from the parents to the children. The Jones family uses the “two-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Jones show interest in their children and ask for their opinions. They discuss problems and express their feelings. The family makes rules and decisions together after a discussion. The communication goes two ways: from parents to children and from children to parents. Better communication between generations at home means better communication between generations at work and in the community. When people from different generations understand each other better, they learn from each other more. This helps them form stronger bonds, work together more easily. As a result, people of all ages can team up effectively and come up with new ideas in different parts of life. 1．What is a generation gap? 2．Where does good communication between the generations begin? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication. 4．To bridge the generation gaps, what other suggestions would you make besides better communication? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．A generation gap is the differences between two or more generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. 2．In the family 3．If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。因为更好的家庭沟通方式是“双向”交流方式。 4．In order to bridge the generation gap, in addition to better communication, we can also continuously learn from each other, discover their strengths, give timely praise, and let them experience your care and appreciation. 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍家庭交流可以有效缩小代沟。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. (代沟是指两代或两代以上人之间的差异——不是他们年龄之间的差异，而是几代人的想法、态度和兴趣之间的差异。)”可知，代沟是指两代或两代以上人之间的想法、态度和兴趣之间的差异。故填A generation gap is the differences between two or more generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Good communication between the generations starts in the family. (几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。)”可知，几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。故填In the family。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. (几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。如今，许多家庭正在改变他们的沟通方式。他们正在从“单向”交流方式转变为“双向”交流方式。)”可知，更好的家庭沟通方式是“双向”交流方式。If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。故答案为If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。 4．开放性试题。为了弥补代沟，除了更好的沟通之外，我们还可以从对方身上不断地学习，学习并发现对方的优点，及时给与表扬，让对方体会到你的关心和欣赏。故答案为In order to bridge the generation gap, in addition to better communication, we can also continuously learn from each other, discover their strengths, give timely praise, and let them experience your care and appreciation. （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job. Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something. Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension. Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties. 1．What is the feature of Grexts? 2．How might humans use group chats like echolocation? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. 4．Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue. 2．Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. 3．▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required. 51．(1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time. (2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了群聊文化已经失控。 1．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread.”（Grexts是群组文本的缩写，具有模仿随意的对话的特点，其结果可能比两个人的对话更有活力、更有趣）可知，Grexts的特点是具有模仿随意的对话。故填Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue. 2．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.”（人类可能以类似的方式使用群聊等技术ーー作为一种呼叫和回应，获取有关其社交网络的信息，并将自己定位在这些网络中。）可知，人类可能会把群聊作为一种电话和回应，获取有关他们社交网络的信息，并在这些网络中定位自己。故填Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. 3．考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.”（如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。）可知，what messages should be answered错误，应改为如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。故填Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required. 4．考查开放性试题。请描述另一种移动技术如何影响你与他人的关系。故可回答为：我智能手机上的音乐应用程序对友谊有积极的影响。由于分享功能，我可以认识有相同音乐品味的人，我们甚至可以同时听我们最喜欢的作品。也可回答为：电子游戏已经成为我与朋友关系的挑战。有时即使我很忙，我也不得不不情愿地和他们一起玩。此外，我们在玩游戏时的分歧和抱怨也可能损害友谊。故填(1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time.(2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship. （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面小说片段，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。 But while he was thinking this, his feet were taking him, step by step, closer and closer to the dot in the distance, which in the meantime had become a speck, and then began to show every sign of turning into a blob. And shortly after that the blob became a figure. And then, as Bruno got even closer, he saw that the thing was neither a dot nor a speck nor a blob nor a figure, but a person. In fact it was a boy. “Hello,” said Bruno. “Hello,” said the boy. Bruno was sure that he had never seen a skinnier or sadder boy in his life but decided that he had better talk to him. “I've been exploring,” he said. “Have you?” said the little boy. “Yes. For almost two hours now.” This was not strictly speaking true. Bruno had been exploring for just over an hour but he didn't think that exaggerating slightly would be too bad a thing to do. It wasn't quite the same thing as lying and made him seem more adventurous than he really was. “Have you found anything?” asked the boy. “Very little.” “Nothing at all?” “Well, I found you,” said Bruno after a moment. He sat down on the ground on his side of the fence and crossed his legs like the little boy and wished that he had brought some chocolate with him or perhaps a pastry that they could share. “I'm Shmuel,” said the little boy. Bruno scrunched up his face, not sure that he had heard the little boy right. “What did you say your name was?” he asked. “Shmuel,” said the little boy as if it was the most natural thing in the world. “What did you say your name was?” “Bruno,” said Bruno. “I've never heard of that name,” said Shmuel. “And I've never heard of your name,” said Bruno. “Shmuel.” He thought about it. “Shmuel,” he repeated. “I like the way it sounds when I say it. Shmuel. It sounds like the wind blowing.” “Bruno,” said Shmuel, nodding his head happily. “Yes, I think I like your name too. It sounds like someone who's rubbing their arms to keep warm.” “How old are you?” he asked. Shmuel thought about it and looked down at his fingers and they wiggled in the air, as if he was trying to count. “I'm nine,” he said. “My birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.” Bruno stared at him in surprise. “What did you say?” he asked. “I said my birthday is April the fifteenth nineteen thirty-four.” Bruno's eyes opened wide and his mouth made the shape of an O. “I don't believe it,” he said. “Why not?” asked Shmuel. “No,” said Bruno, shaking his head quickly. “I don't mean I don't believe you. I mean I'm surprised, that's all. Because my birthday is April the fifteenth too. And I was born in nineteen thirty-four. We were born on the same day?” Shmuel thought about this. “So you're nine too,” he said. “Yes. Isn't that strange?” “Very strange,” said Shmuel. “We're like twins,” said Bruno. “A little bit,” agreed Shmuel. “Where did you come from?” asked Shmuel, narrowing his eyes and looking at Bruno curiously. “Berlin.” “Where's that?” Bruno opened his mouth to answer but found that he wasn't entirely sure. “It's in Germany, of course,” he said. “Don't you come from Germany?” “No, I'm from Poland,” said Shmuel. Bruno frowned. “Then why do you speak German?” he asked. “Because you said hello in German. So I answered in German. Can you speak Polish?” “No,” said Bruno, laughing nervously. “I don't know anyone who can speak two languages. And especially no one of our age.” “Mama is a teacher in my school and she taught me German,” explained Shmuel. “She speaks French too. And Italian. And English. She's very clever. I don't speak French or Italian yet, but she said she'd teach me English one day because I might need to know it.” 1．Why did Bruno lie to Shmuel about the time he had been exploring? 2．What did Bruno and Shmuel have in common? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. 4．Is having the same interests good for friendship? Please put forward your idea and explain the reason. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because Bruno thought it made him seem more adventurous than he really was. 2．They have the same date of birth. 3．Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. Because she can speak three languages. 4．Yes, it is. If two people share the same interests, they will have more topics and emotional connection. At the same time, the same hobbies can also give two people something to do together, thus further deepening the friendship. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要为Bruno和Shmuel之间的对话，二人分享了各自的一些个人情况。 1．考查细节理解。根据第九段“This was not strictly speaking true. Bruno had been exploring for just over an hour but he didn't think that exaggerating slightly would be too bad a thing to do. It wasn't quite the same thing as lying and made him seem more adventurous than he really was.(严格地说，这并不是真的。Bruno已经探索了一个多小时，但他不认为稍微夸大会是一件糟糕的事情。这和撒谎不太一样，这让他看起来比实际上更有冒险精神)”可知，Bruno在探险的时间上对Shmuel撒谎是因为Bruno认为这让他看起来比实际上更有冒险精神。故答案为Because Bruno thought it made him seem more adventurous than he really was. 2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第十五段中“I mean I'm surprised, that's all. Because my birthday is April the fifteenth too. And I was born in nineteen thirty-four.(我是说我很惊讶，仅此而已。因为我的生日也是4月15日。我出生于1934年)”可知，Bruno和Shmuel是共同点是他们的出生日期一样。故答案为They have the same date of birth. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“She speaks French too. And Italian. And English. She's very clever.(她也会说法语。还会说意大利语和英语。她很聪明)”可知，母亲聪明的原因是她会说三种语言，错误的部分是“because she could solve difficult math puzzles”，故答案为Shmuel viewed his mother as a smart woman because she could solve difficult math puzzles. Because she can speak three languages. 4．开放性题目。题干：拥有相同的兴趣爱好对友谊有益吗？请提出你的想法并说明理由。可回答：是的，有益处。如果拥有相同的兴趣爱好，两个人会有更多的话题以及情感连接。同时，相同的爱好也可以让两个人有可以一起从事的事情，从而进一步加深友谊。故答案为Yes, it is. If two people share the same interests, they will have more topics and emotional connection. At the same time, the same hobbies can also give two people something to do together, thus further deepening the friendship. （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Are you a bookworm? Is your head permanently stuck in a book? If so, that’s a good thing. There are many benefits to reading. Getting into a good novel improves our literacy. But who or what encourages us to pick up a book and start reading? Of course, when we are young, our parents and teachers inspire us by introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. And there are the authors—the people who invent and write about these characters. Good writing can really capture our imagination. As a child, I loved books written by Roald Dahl, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and The Twits. These fictional stories were funny, mysterious, and slightly adventurous. These books are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors. One modern-day children’s author is J. K. Rowling，who’s known for her books about the wizard, Harry Potter. Last year she was named as a “literacy hero” for her part in improving people’s love of reading. The UK’s National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for “turning a generation of children into readers”. The Trust also honoured schoolchildren, a librarian and teachers for their effort in trying to get people to read. The actor, Henry Winkler, who has dyslexia, was also named for the books he has written about a boy with learning difficulties. Reading books is more than an enjoyable pastime; it can also help people in difficult circumstances. The author Pat Winslow worked as a writer in prisons and found reading and discus- sing stories helped prisoners reflect on their patterns of behaviour. She says, “Very often we would have discussions about the moral compass of a character, what was the motivation of somebody, why did they behave that way?” Today I tend to read factual books such as biographies, where you get an insight into the lives of important and well-known people. I also enjoy looking at travel books and learning about journeys and new destinations. It’s a good substitute if you can’t visit in person. But the main benefit of reading is to improve our literacy. The more we do it, the better we get and who knows—one day you may become the next Tolstoy, Jackie Collins or even William Shakespeare. 1．How are we encouraged to read when we are young? 2．Why was J K. Rowling awarded by the UK’s National Literacy Trust? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In the face of the competition from contemporary authors, the stories the author read when he was young are not so widely enjoyed by young readers as they used to be. 4．Besides the ones mentioned in the passage, what else do you think can reading benefit us? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．By introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. / Our teachers and parents inspired us to read by introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. 2．Because she improved people’s love of reading. / she turned a generation of children into readers. 3．划线In the face of the competition from contemporary authors, the stories the author read when he was young are not so widely enjoyed by young readers as they used to be. According to the passage, the stories the author read when he was young are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors. 59．one possible version: In my opinion, reading can improve our memory. It helps us learn how to store new information and recall memories more effectively. Also, reading can help reduce stress. 30 minutes of reading can greatly lower our blood pressure and we can get very pleased through this fantastic entertainment. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读的好处，作者在文章中还提到了一些著名人物，如提高了人们对阅读的热爱的J. K. Rowling以及发现阅读和讨论故事可以帮助囚犯反思自己的行为模式的Pat Winslow。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Of course, when we are young, our parents and teachers inspire us by introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate.”(当然，当我们还小的时候，我们的父母和老师会通过向我们介绍我们喜欢或爱恨交织的角色来激励我们。)可知，是通过向我们介绍我们喜欢或爱恨交织的角色来激励我们。故答案为By introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. 或者Our teachers and parents inspired us to read by introducing us to characters that we love or love to hate. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Last year she was named as a “literacy hero” for her part in improving people’s love of reading.”(去年，由于她在提高人们对阅读的热爱方面所做的贡献，她被评为“识字英雄”。)以及“The UK’s National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for “turning a generation of children into readers”.”(英国国家识字基金会授予她“让一代孩子成为读者”的称号。)可知，是因为她在提高人们对阅读的热爱方面所做的贡献，以及她让一代孩子成为读者，受到英国国家识字基金会的嘉奖。故答案为Because she improved people’s love of reading. / she turned a generation of children into readers. 3．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“These books are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors.”(这些书即使在今天也很受孩子们的欢迎，尽管有当代作者的竞争。)可知，尽管有当代作者的竞争，作者年轻时的书也很受孩子欢迎。故答案为In the face of the competition from contemporary authors, the stories the author read when he was young are not so widely enjoyed by young readers as they used to be. According to the passage, the stories the author read when he was young are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors. 4．开放性试题。阅读对每个人都有不同的益处，参考答案可以是：阅读可以提高我们的记忆力。它帮助我们学习如何存储新信息和更有效地回忆。此外，阅读可以帮助减轻压力。30分钟的阅读可以大大降低我们的血压，我们可以通过这种奇妙的娱乐得到非常高兴。故答案为In my opinion, reading can improve our memory. It helps us learn how to store new information and recall memories more effectively. Also, reading can help reduce stress. 30 minutes of reading can greatly lower our blood pressure and we can get very pleased through this fantastic entertainment. （23-24高二上·北京平谷·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The term “moonlight clan” refers to low-income earners in China who spend all of their income meeting their basic needs. According to CCTV in 2021, 40 percent of singles in China’s first-tier cities belong to the “moonlight clan.” On the other hand, the Chinese household savings rate remains high. The average savings rate in China is over 45 percent. In other words, nearly half of a household’s income does not flow back into the economy but sits in a bank account (or somewhere else). Some experts are concerned about this high rate because of limited capital flows and a less active currency. But considering current economic situation in China, the high savings rate is a good thing. To cope with pressure, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to stimulate residents’ consumption, such as encouraging the purchase of vehicles in the countryside and providing consumption vouchers(消费券). High savings rates are undoubtedly an important support for these policies because without actual money in the bank, no matter how encouraging the policies are, the public just won’t shop. Despite a still very active market, China needs more effective measures to persuade more people to start spending again and stimulate the economy. And once more people feel like spending freely again, China’s domestic market will surely grow stronger, promising sound economic growth in the long term. 1．According to the passage, what does the term “moonlight clan” refer to?   2．Why are some experts worried about the high household savings rate? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To cope with the current difficult economic situation, the Chinese government forced the people to consume. 4．Would you like to be a member of the “moonlight clan” in the future? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Those low-income earners in China who spend all of their income meeting their basic needs. 2．Due to limited capital flows and a less active currency. 3．The false part is ‘forced the people to consume’. Because we can know from the passage that to cope with pressure, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to stimulate residents’ consumption, such as encouraging the purchase of vehicles in the countryside and providing consumption vouchers. 4．I don't want to become “moonlight clan”. Because we have to learn to spend wisely and use our money for what we really need. For society, it is also an expression of saving resources. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“月光族”这一现象，以及中国目前的经济形势。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“The term “moonlight clan” refers to low-income earners in China who spend all of their income meeting their basic needs.”（“月光族”指的是中国那些将所有收入用于满足基本生活需求的低收入者。）可知，根据文章内容，“月光族”指的是中国那些将所有收入用于满足基本生活需求的低收入者。故答案为Those low-income earners in China who spend all of their income meeting their basic needs。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Some experts are concerned about this high rate because of limited capital flows and a less active currency.”（由于有限的资本流动和不那么活跃的货币，一些专家对如此高的汇率感到担忧。）可知，专家担心家庭储蓄率高是由于有限的资本流动和不那么活跃的货币。故答案为Due to limited capital flows and a less active currency。 3．考查细节理解题。根据第三段中“To cope with pressure, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to stimulate residents’ consumption, such as encouraging the purchase of vehicles in the countryside and providing consumption vouchers.”（为了应对压力，中国政府出台了一系列刺激居民消费的政策，如鼓励在农村购买汽车和提供消费券。）可知，为了应对当前困难的经济形势，中国政府出台了一系列刺激居民消费的政策，如鼓励在农村购买汽车和提供消费券。而不是强制人们消费。故答案为The false part is ‘forced the people to consume’. Because we can know from the passage that to cope with pressure, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to stimulate residents’ consumption, such as encouraging the purchase of vehicles in the countryside and providing consumption vouchers. 4．考查主观评论。我不想成为月光族。因为我们要学会合理消费，把钱用于真正需要的方面。对社会来说，这也是一种节约资源的表现。故答案为I don't want to become “moonlight clan”. Because we have to learn to spend wisely and use our money for what we really need. For society, it is also an expression of saving resources。 （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep. However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的）health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔）sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms. Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise. He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day — but only if we choose to keep doing it.” 1．What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health? 2．What did Schrauwen’s new study figure out? 3．Please decide whether the following statement is true or false and explain why. Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data. 4．As for exercising, what do you think is the most important? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts. 2．For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon. 3．False, becuase professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data. 4．I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon and I wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了锻炼时间对新陈代谢的影响。不同的人群应该选择适合自己的锻炼时间。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段最后一句“Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms. ”（看到了高强度锻炼的不同影响，他想知道是否锻炼时间也可能会影响人们的新陈代谢。）可知，Professor Schrauwen看到了之前研究中高强度锻炼的影响后决定去考虑锻炼时间在新陈代谢中的作用。故答案为Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts。 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. ”（他说：“这项研究确实表明，对于代谢紊乱的人来说，下午锻炼可能比之前做同样的锻炼更有益。”）可知，对有些人来说，下午锻炼比较好。故答案为For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon。 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. ”（顺带提一下，他和同事们在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。）可知，Professor Schrauwen和同事们做实验使用的数据是之前收集的，而不是新收集的。故“Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data.”（Professor Schrauwen和同事们使用新收集的数据实施实验。）是错误的。故答案为False, because professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data。 4．开放性题目。问你认为锻炼中最重要的是什么并解释原因。故答案为I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon and I wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise.或者I think that persistence is the most important thing in workout because exercising is very exhausting. Without persistence, it is easy to give up and it is also hard to make a difference in the short term。 （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys. Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation (名声) for providing a great riding experience. The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them. In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. With golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun’s rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life. Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild. 1．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 2．How does a tourist feel when he or she moves closer to the wild animals on horseback? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following space order. 4．Please introduce the most exciting trip you’ve ever taken. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Several safari camps. 2．He/ She may feel excited, nervous and his/her heart rate may be accelerated. 3．The passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following space order. According to the passage, the passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following time order. 4．I had an exciting trip to Disneyland with my friends, which is one of the most famous theme parks in the world. In the park, we did some meaningful and venturesome activities there, such as Roller Coaster and Adventure Island, which are thrilling and unforgettable. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非洲观赏野生动物的野营的项目。 1．考查词义猜测。根据第二段“Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers.( 几个狩猎营地作为这次冒险的基地，每天提供两次独特的游乐设施，深入三角洲进行探索。营地有优秀的马匹，专业的导游和许多辅助人员。)”由此可猜测出they指代上文提到的几个狩猎营地，故答案为Several safari camps. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them. (骑在马背上，人们有可能非常接近大象、长颈鹿和许多其他动物。然而，当你靠近它们时，兴奋感和紧张程度会突然上升，你的心率也会上升。)”可知，当一个游客骑在马背上接近野生动物时，他/她会兴奋，紧张和心率加快。故答案为He/ She may feel excited, nervous and his/her heart rate may be accelerated. 3．考查推理判断。根据第一段“There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys. (非洲有很多地方可以去狩猎旅行，但在博茨瓦纳的Okavango Delta的洪水中骑马一定是世界上最令人兴奋的野生动物之旅之一。)”可知前半句是正确的；再根据作者在第三段中先说了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段谈到回到营地，由此可知作者是按时间顺序写的，所以后半句是错误的，故答案为The passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following space order. According to the passage, the passage tells us about the riding experience in the Okavango Delta and the author introduces it mainly by following time order. 4．主观题，答案仅供参考。I had an exciting trip to Disneyland with my friends, which is one of the most famous theme parks in the world. In the park, we did some meaningful and venturesome activities there, such as Roller Coaster and Adventure Island, which are thrilling and unforgettable. （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Why Do We Get Our Best Ideas in the Shower? Creativity sometimes requires taking a step back. Activities like showering or walking can help. When you’re struggling with a problem that feels unsolvable and then somewhere between shampoo and conditioner, you find the answer in the shower. Doing something mindless like showering, we can find a creative solution. Researchers at the University of Virginia call it “the shower effect”. They have found that mildly engaging tasks like showering or walking can boost the most creativity. Creative idea generation requires that one should strike a balance between focused thinking which limits originality and random associations which are often irrelevant to our creative problems. People in the study weren’t actually showering. Instead, researchers tried to imitate (模仿) the engagement level of a shower or walking through videos that required a certain level of engagement. Participants either saw a video that was considered boring—two men folding laundry—or a video of the famous scene in a familiar movie. After that, participants had 45 seconds before researchers asked them to list creative uses for a brick or a paperclip. This research highlights the importance of stepping away from a problem to solve it, says Alice Flaherty, at Harvard Medical School. She says her students could learn a thing or two from the research because time away from a task is what helps us focus afterwards. “Some of my graduate students are so dedicated that they won’t get up from their desks until they have a creative idea, which is counterproductive because they don’t ever let their brains step back and take a rest”. But Flaherty also holds that researchers need to control physical arousal (唤起). “They say that when you’re out walking or showering it’s mildly engaging to the brain, but it might just be that it’s physically arousing,” she says. “An activity increases your heart rate, which might make you think you have the best idea. While showering might promote creativity, it might not be for the reasons they state.” But whatever the reason, Flaherty agrees that when you’re stuck and can’t seem to come up with a creative solution, stepping away to do something completely unrelated could get your juices flowing. 1．What is “the shower effect”? 2．What does creative idea generation require? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and explain why. ▶ Alice Flaherty holds that her dedicated graduate students need to sit in front of the desks all day to come up with a creative idea. 4．In addition to showering or walking, what other activities may help you find a creative solution in your daily life? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．“The shower effect” is the idea that when you’re struggling with a problem that feels unsolvable, you may find the answer in doing something mindless like showering. 1．It requires that one should strike a balance between focused thinking which limits originality and random associations which are often irrelevant to our creative problems. 2．Alice Flaherty holds that her dedicated graduate students need to sit in front of the desks all day to come up with a creative idea. Because she agrees that stepping away from a problem can help solve a problem. 3．Watching a boring video or a famous movie clip can help me relax my mind. So can some cardio-exercise. Because they allow me to have creative ideas. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了为什么我们在洗澡的时候总能想出好点子。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When you’re struggling with a problem that feels unsolvable and then somewhere between shampoo and conditioner, you find the answer in the shower. Doing something mindless like showering, we can find a creative solution. Researchers at the University of Virginia call it “the shower effect”.(当你纠结于一个感觉无法解决的问题时，在洗发水和护发素之间，你会在淋浴中找到答案。做一些不需要动脑的事情，比如洗澡，我们可以找到一个创造性的解决方案。弗吉尼亚大学的研究人员称之为“淋浴效应”。)”可知，“淋浴效应”指的是，当我们遇到了一个无法解决的问题的时候，我们可以做一些不需要动脑的事情放松一下，随后自然能找到解决问题的方法。故答案为“The shower effect” is the idea that when you’re struggling with a problem that feels unsolvable, you may find the answer in doing something mindless like showering. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Creative idea generation requires that one should strike a balance between focused thinking which limits originality and random associations which are often irrelevant to our creative problems.(创造性想法的产生要求人们在限制原创性的集中思考和通常与创造性问题无关的随机联想之间取得平衡。)”可找到答案。故答案为It requires that one should strike a balance between focused thinking which limits originality and random associations which are often irrelevant to our creative problems. 3．考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段““Some of my graduate students are so dedicated that they won’t get up from their desks until they have a creative idea, which is counterproductive because they don’t ever let their brains step back and take a rest”.(“我的一些研究生太专注了，直到他们有了一个有创意的想法，他们才会离开办公桌，这是适得其反的，因为他们从来没有让自己的大脑停下来休息一下。”)”可知，Flaherty认为她的研究生不应该每天坐在桌子前相处一个有创意的点子，故应将题干中的“hold(认为)”划线，因为上文“This research highlights the importance of stepping away from a problem to solve it, says Alice Flaherty, at Harvard Medical School.(哈佛医学院的Alice Flaherty说，这项研究强调了远离问题去解决问题的重要性。)”Flaherty表示，远离问题反而能够帮助解决问题。故答案为：Alice Flaherty holds that her dedicated graduate students need to sit in front of the desks all day to come up with a creative idea. Because she agrees that stepping away from a problem can help solve a problem. 4．开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。故参考答案为Watching a boring video or a famous movie clip can help me relax my mind. So can some cardio-exercise. Because they allow me to have creative ideas. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$