专题09 七选五15篇（期末真题好题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题09 七选五15篇 （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. 1 In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks we can learn to improve patience. 2 . Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive. 3 “Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience. We’ll take it! You should make yourself wait. Immediate gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks. 4 Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practise, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. It is important to accept the uncomfortable. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. 5 You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A．You’d better find the causes. B．You’d better practise gratitude. C．All this adds up to a state of relaxation. D．It can also help us practise more patience. E．Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. F．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience. G．But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience. （23-24高二上·北京大兴·期末）High school life, especially in the senior year, is a rollercoaster of emotions filled with challenges and pressures. The constant demand for academic excellence, combined with the expections of college applications, and managing extracurricular (课外的) activities can lead even the best students to feel the weight of stress. However, it’s not only possible but essential to find moments of joy and strategies to reduce the pressure efficiently. Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response. 1 The body notices any form of demand, challenge, or threat and reacts by preparing for a “fight-or-flight” response. This is an ancient survival process that equips us to deal with threats, whether they’re a challenging exam or a physical danger. Interestingly, not all stress is harmful. We often overlook the distinction of different stress. Acute (急性的) stress, in contrast to the chronic (长期的), can act as a force. 2 It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment. However, long exposure to stress leads to chronic stress. This kind of stress, if left unchecked, can cause various health issues ranging from mental health problems like anxiety and depression to physical ailments like high blood pressure and even heart diseases. To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels. 3 These practices help in grounding an individual, bringing a momentary escape from the chaos (混乱). Pursuing hobbies or activities that one is passionate about can also be a good way. Whether it’s painting, reading, playing a musical instrument, or engaging in sports, these activities not only divert the mind but also release endorphins, the body’s natural mood lifters. Another aspect is communication. 4 Sharing burdens, discussing worries, or just talking about one’s day can offer a fresh perspective and often lightens the load. Schools offer services, and there are numerous helplines available to assist students in distress. So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being. 5 Every individual deserves moments of relaxation and happiness. A．When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend. B．This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival. C．Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity. D．Every challenge, it approached with a positive mindset, can be an opportunity for growth. E．Seeding external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic. F．They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit. G．These parts often provide processes adjusted to individual needs. （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）Microgreen Farming Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s. 1 Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes. As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K. 2 One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with! 3 You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food! 4 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious! Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land. 5 They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot? A．Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy! B．They were initially used as a form of decoration. C．There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables. D．They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant. E．One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish. F．Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas. G．Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted. （23-24高二上·北京丰台·期末）Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason. 1 Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option. 2 First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online. You’ll also need bingo markers, which can be anything from small pieces of paper to pennies or even candy. Once you have your supplies, it’s time to invite your guests. You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat. 3 Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time. Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game! 4 Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90. Make sure that all players have a pen or marker to take down the numbers as they are called out. The caller is responsible for drawing the numbers and calling them out to the players. Players keep marking the numbers on their cards until someone achieves a winning pattern. There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card. 5 When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won. The goal here is to have fun. While some organization is required, try not to tun it into a military operation. After all, bingo is the type of game that can bring people together and create a fun and exciting atmosphere. A．Hand out the bingo cards to each player. B．You can ask your guests to bring their favourite bingo balls, cards and markers. C．It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players. D．To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies. E．Instead of using traditional bingo numbers and letters, mix it up with different themes. F．If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive. G．It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages. （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. 1 According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever. 2 Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. 3 It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. 4 In other words, the investment paid off. To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. 5 With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path. A．To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. B．However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. C．These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation. D．Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers. E．Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. F．Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. G．For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you. 1   But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. 2 Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. 3 There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends. There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. 4 Things aren’t always what they appear to be. You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media. 5 Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others. A．Those ones don’t get documented. B．Some even think it’s a complete show-off. C．Being popular on social media is not everything. D．Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets. E．There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship. F．It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life. G．You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for. （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）Ecoducts: The Safe Way to Cross the Road How does an animal cross a road safely? The short answer is: it often doesn’t! Every year around the word, thousands of animals are killed or injured by cars, trucks, and trains on our busy roads and railway systems. France was the first country to build wildlife crossings to help animals get across roads safely. The French designed these structures to protect animals from the busy traffic. Since then, many other countries have also built wildlife crossings. 1 Ecoducts, also called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build over big roads and highways. 2 Cars, vans, and trucks go under the ecoducts, through a tunnel, and the animals walk over the ecoduct, above the road or highway. At Banff National Park, in Alberta, Canada, park employees have labored hard to make more than 40 ecoducts. Some of the ecoducts in Banff are bridges that cross over the highway. 3 Others are called underpasses. These are tunnels that go under a road. Most ecoducts have soil and plants on them which provide a good environment for wildlife and encourage animals to use the structures. Some ecoducts, including many in Canada and in Florida, are made extremely big so that black bears, deer, and the Florida panther will use them. 4 Perhaps you’re distrustful about this idea. You shouldn’t be, because animals do use them! At first animals can be a little unsettled of the crossings. Experts say that some bears can take as long as five years to start using them. When animals realize that the ecoducts are safe, they use them a lot! So far, since Banff National Park began to make notes about the ecoducts in 1997, eleven different species of mammals have used the overpasses and underpasses more than 200, 000 times ! Ecoducts are a great way to protect wildlife from traffic. 5 But for now even snakes can get itself across a road safely thanks to ecoducts! A．Were endangered animals saved from dying out? B．But do animals really use these man-made bridges? C．These are called overpasses because they go over a road. D．They allow many different types of animals to cross safely to the other side. E．In the Netherlands there are over 600 special bridges and tunnels, called ecoducts. F．Countries will be building many more of these structures around the world in the future. G．France used to be known for its dangerous car crashes with animals until the roads were upgraded. （23-24高二上·北京平谷·期末）Six Tips for Freshmen Starting college can be a stressful experience. It introduces a lot of big changes in your life. Here are six tips for freshmen. 1. 1 Of all the tips for college, this one might be the most practical. Make sure to consider what use at home on a daily or weekly basis, and take a look at what a college student has suggested you bring! 2. Be comfortable being on your own. 2 The tasks for which you once relied on your parents are now your responsibility, so it is important that you come to school knowing basic skills, how to do laundry, and how to follow a routine. 3. Have an idea of what you want to study. Declaring your major immediately upon getting accepted into college is not life or death. 3 Internships(实习期) are also a great way to dip your toes in the water and find out whether or not you are interested in a certain career. 4. Put yourself out there. For those who struggle to make friends, finding people who you share interests with is always a good place to start. Joining a local club or activity that you enjoy can help you to meet new people that like the same things that you do. 5. Practice good habits. Being away from home and the structure of middle school for the first time causes many college freshmen to form bad habits. 4 These will help ensure you stay in good health and make your college experience much smoother. 6. 5 Budgeting(预算) can be a very simple way to understand and monitor your spending habits. A simple spreadsheet with your monthly expenses and income is a great way to start listing your spending. A．Learn to manage your finances. B．Make sure to take classes that interest you. C．Making good friend is very important in college. D．Know what things you need for a college dorm. E．Establish a healthy system, and eat a balanced diet. F．You could do a part time job to earn more money. G．In most cases, college is the first time that you will be completely on your own. （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”? 1 Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse asthe source of their creativity or genius. The following tips can help you to find your muse. Listen to music. Songs, and music in general, can help you relax. 2 Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity. Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing. You may not have any concrete ideas, but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts. Consider it a form of brainstorming. Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft. Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts. 3 It is best if you do this type of writing by hand, because it will connect you more fully to the writing process. 4 Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books. Each story was probably inspired from the author’s own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives. Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity. 5 Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art. A．People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities. B．Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration. C．Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day. D．Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people, but is a struggle for others. E．The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down. F．Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas. G．You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time. （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. 1 Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. So how should you motivate yourself? 2 First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without enough motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A．They can change according to circumstances. B．Communication helps to understand each other. C．This can affect your work. D．Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. E．So why should we try to find supporting evidence? F．More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? G．However, this should not discourage you. （23-24高二上·北京石景山·期末）Do you know what a resolution is? 1 Most of the time, we make promises to other people—“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school”. However, promises you make to yourself are resolutions, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. 2 This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. 3 These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. 4 Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them! There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 5 A．It’s a kind of promise. B．How about you—will you make any next year? C．Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. D．For example, a student may have to find more time to study. E．Do you know how to stick to your resolution as long as possible? F．A New Year’s resolution is the goal that is set at the start of a new year. G．Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. （23-24高二上·北京海淀·期末）The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself Being able to laugh at yourself isn’t always easy. However, making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits. While it might sound surprising, being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊). 1 Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor, which can involve being too modest, or even laughing at yourself humorously. 2 However, research suggests they tend to be more self-confident. When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations, it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem. 3 Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others. Interestingly, research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait, despite differences in their ways of using humor. Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. 4 When you view situations as threats, stress levels increase. Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as “good stress” that helps you feel more empowered. Making fun of yourself can have some benefits, but it’s important not to take things too far. If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being, it’s time to take a step back. 5 If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree, you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being. A．Find a balance that works for you. B．Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself. C．People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves. D．Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view. E．Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly. F．People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem. G．It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively. （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）The Power in Accepting Your Errors It pays to be kind to yourself. A new study shows that being compassionate (同情的) with yourself when you make mistakes can reduce depression. It is generally good to hold yourself to high standards and strive to do your best. But sometimes people have unrealistic views of what they should achieve. 1 Then when they make a mistake, they may be too unforgiving of that error. It is an unhealthy form of perfectionism. This is when a person views anything imperfect as unacceptable. 2 However, self-compassion can help protect people from such negative impacts, a new study finds. 3 “It’s often easy to say kind and supportive things to our friends when things go wrong for them,” says Madeleine Ferrari. She’s a psychologist at Australian Catholic University in Sydney. “If we can say these things to ourselves, we will still reach our goals but will have better mental health,” she says. 4 Ferrari’s team wanted to see if self-compassion might weaken that link. The researchers surveyed 541 teenagers and 515 adults. They asked these people to fill out a set of three questionnaires and asked the participants to rate their levels of perfectionism, depression and self-compassion. In both groups, people who were kinder to themselves were less likely to experience sadness and depression, the researchers found. 5 And that could be especially true for perfectionists. A．They set standards that are too high. B．Even the most intelligent and productive people make mistakes. C．This is a good example of improving and changing based on a mistake. D．Self-compassion is treating yourself the way you would treat a good friend. E．Such feelings can increase stress and lead to symptoms (症状) of depression. F．So learning self-compassion could improve treatment for those with depression. G．Previous research has shown that people who are perfectionists are more likely to become depressed. （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）In principle, it sounds simple: eat less and move more. 1 Yet, despite all the calorie counting, dieting and exercising, worldwide obesity (肥胖) rates just keep speeding up. People in the US were heavier in 2021 than they were in 2020, placing many more people at risk from serious diseases. So why hasn’t this approach to weight control worked? One possibility is that we haven’t tried hard enough. 2 Or perhaps the problem is the focus on “calorie balance” itself. In a recent paper, my colleagues and I question the basic assumption of whether taking in more calories than you burn really is the chief cause of obesity. We argue that the evidence actually points the other way: we are driven to overeat because we are getting fatter. 3 As their growth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat hundreds of calories more each day than they used to. Does this “overeating” cause the rapid growth? Or does the rapid growth, which requires more calories to build new body tissues, make teenagers hungrier so they eat more? Clearly the latter, as adults won’t grow taller, no matter how much they eat. The key to how this works in obesity is hormones (激素), especially the fat-storage hormone. Processed, rapidly digestible high-carbon foods like potato chips and sugary drinks raise our hormone level too high. 4 A few hours after eating a high-carbon meal, the number of calories in the bloodstream falls rapidly, so we get hungrier sooner after eating. Therefore, in order to prevent and treat weight problems, the emphasis should be placed on what to eat instead of how much we eat. Replacing processed high-carbon foods with high-fat foods-such as nuts-lowers the hormone obtainable for the rest of the body. 5 Although much more research will be needed to test this idea, it is time to question the basic assumptions about cause and effect, calories and weight gain that have dominated our thinking for decades. A．Weight control becomes a battle between dieting and exercising. B．This may seem incredible but consider the rapid growth of teenagers. C．The dietary advice for dealing with obesity has been around for decades. D．We have lacked willpower to maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits. E．A low-calorie diet further restricts an already limited supply of energy to the body. F．This causes our fat cells to store too many calories, leaving fewer for the rest of the body. G．In fact, high-fat foods may help decrease body fat, a possibility supported by medical practices. （22-23高二上·北京·期末）What Is Emotional Eating? Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. 1 Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot—especially without realizing it—emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being. Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings. 2 One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. 3 Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. 4 It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on. We’re all emotional eaters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like. 5 Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it. A．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there. B．One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards. C．Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it. D．Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream. E．That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger. F．More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food. G．If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 七选五15篇 （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. 1 In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks we can learn to improve patience. 2 . Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive. 3 “Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience. We’ll take it! You should make yourself wait. Immediate gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks. 4 Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practise, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. It is important to accept the uncomfortable. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. 5 You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A．You’d better find the causes. B．You’d better practise gratitude. C．All this adds up to a state of relaxation. D．It can also help us practise more patience. E．Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. F．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience. G．But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们练习耐心。 1．根据上文内容“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个。)”以及下文“However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off.(然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们的情况会好得多。)”可知，空处应该提到耐心。选项F“They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience.(在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心。)”既承接上文，回答了上文的问题；同时也引出本文的主题。故选F。 2．根据空后的“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更积极。)”可知，空处指的是练习耐心的第一个技巧是感恩。选项B“You’d better practise gratitude.(你最好学会感恩。)”与下文内容一致，指的是我们要学会感恩。故选B。 3．根据下文内容““Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience.(加利福尼亚大学的研究人员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”一个简单的感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。)”可知，感激练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。选项D“It can also help us practise more patience.(它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。)”与下文内容一致，指的是感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。故选D。 4．根据空前内容“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习。从小任务开始。)”可知，作者认为学会等待的方法就是练习，从小任务开始练习。选项E“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend.(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末看。)”与上文内容一致，指的是从小任务开始练习等待。故选E。 5．根据上文“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能忍受的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们就会对环境失去耐心。)”可知，我们一旦不舒适就会对环境失去耐心。而空后“You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.”(你应该学会对自己说：“这只是不舒服，不是无法忍受。”)”可知，我们需要接受不舒服。选项G“But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience.(但是我们需要适应不舒服的环境，这样才能发展得更好。)”承上启下，承接上文的不舒服环境，同时引出下文我们要学会接受不舒服的环境。故选G。 （23-24高二上·北京大兴·期末）High school life, especially in the senior year, is a rollercoaster of emotions filled with challenges and pressures. The constant demand for academic excellence, combined with the expections of college applications, and managing extracurricular (课外的) activities can lead even the best students to feel the weight of stress. However, it’s not only possible but essential to find moments of joy and strategies to reduce the pressure efficiently. Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response. 1 The body notices any form of demand, challenge, or threat and reacts by preparing for a “fight-or-flight” response. This is an ancient survival process that equips us to deal with threats, whether they’re a challenging exam or a physical danger. Interestingly, not all stress is harmful. We often overlook the distinction of different stress. Acute (急性的) stress, in contrast to the chronic (长期的), can act as a force. 2 It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment. However, long exposure to stress leads to chronic stress. This kind of stress, if left unchecked, can cause various health issues ranging from mental health problems like anxiety and depression to physical ailments like high blood pressure and even heart diseases. To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels. 3 These practices help in grounding an individual, bringing a momentary escape from the chaos (混乱). Pursuing hobbies or activities that one is passionate about can also be a good way. Whether it’s painting, reading, playing a musical instrument, or engaging in sports, these activities not only divert the mind but also release endorphins, the body’s natural mood lifters. Another aspect is communication. 4 Sharing burdens, discussing worries, or just talking about one’s day can offer a fresh perspective and often lightens the load. Schools offer services, and there are numerous helplines available to assist students in distress. So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being. 5 Every individual deserves moments of relaxation and happiness. A．When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend. B．This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival. C．Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity. D．Every challenge, it approached with a positive mindset, can be an opportunity for growth. E．Seeding external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic. F．They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit. G．These parts often provide processes adjusted to individual needs. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些找到快乐，有效减少压力的策略。 1．根据上文“Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response.(了解压力的本质是第一步。压力不仅仅是一种精神不稳定的状态；这是一种生理反应。)”可知，空处承接上文，进一步解释说明压力的本质。B项中的“This response”和上文中的“a physiological response”对应。B项：This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival.(这种反应是为生存而设计的一个快速、自动的程序。)符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“Interestingly, not all stress is harmful.(有趣的是，并非所有的压力都是有害的。)”和下文“It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment.(它把我们推向极限，激励我们在最后期限前完成任务，并常常带来成就感。)”可知，如果压力处理得当，会带来好处。下文的“It”指代A项中的“stress”。A项：When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend.(如果处理得当，压力可以成为我们的朋友。)符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels.(为了减少压力的影响，正念和冥想被证明是有效的。即使在忙碌的一天，抽出几分钟来专注于自己的呼吸或练习有指导的冥想，也能显著降低压力水平。)”可知，空处说明正念和冥想对于减轻压力的作用。F项中的“they”指代上文中的“sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation”。F项：They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit.(它们使我们与现在联系在一起，清除精神障碍，振奋精神。)符合语境。故选F。 4．根据段落主题句“Another aspect is communication.(另一个方面是沟通。)”可知，空处具体说明应该如何通过沟通来减轻压力，E项中的“talking to a friend”和上文的“communication”对应。E项：Seeding external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic.(寻求外部帮助或只是和朋友交谈都能起到不可思议的治疗作用。)符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being.(所以，面对期望、最后期限和太多责任的重压，记得优先考虑心理健康。)”可知，本段强调考虑自己心理健康的重要性。C项：Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity.(把自我照顾放在首位并不是一件奢侈的事；这是必需品。)符合语境。故选C。 （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）Microgreen Farming Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s. 1 Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes. As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K. 2 One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with! 3 You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food! 4 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious! Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land. 5 They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot? A．Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy! B．They were initially used as a form of decoration. C．There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables. D．They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant. E．One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish. F．Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas. G．Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微型蔬菜，介绍了其起源以及优点。 1．根据上文“Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s.(自20世纪80年代以来，微型蔬菜就被用于烹饪)”以及后文“Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.(厨师们现在意识到，在所有类型的菜肴和食谱中加入它们也能增加风味和视觉吸引力)”可知，上文提到了微型蔬菜的使用时间，后文提到了现在用法的改变，可知本句是在说明最开始微型蔬菜的用法。故B选项“它们最初是作为一种装饰”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据上文“The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K.(《农业与食品化学杂志》指出，微蔬菜增加了维生素E、C和K的含量)”可知，上文提到了微蔬菜增加了维生素E、C和K的含量，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明微蔬菜营养方面的情况。故D选项“它们的营养成分是成熟植物的40倍”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!(你只要把它们放在你的饭菜上，比如汤、三明治、沙拉等。微型蔬菜是最健康的方便食品！)”可知，后文提到只需要把微型蔬菜放在你的饭菜上就可以了，说明微型蔬菜不需要备菜，很方便。故C选项“不像大多数蔬菜那样需要准备和切菜”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!(它通常只需要6-7天就可以收获，有一种辛辣的萝卜味。结果是这道菜不仅味道鲜美，而且提供了满足眼睛的视觉吸引力，而且营养丰富！)”可知，后文提到了某种蔬菜有萝卜味，故本句为总起句，指出这种蔬菜是什么。故E选项“一种流行的微型蔬菜是紫色和绿色萝卜的混合物”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据后文“They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot?( 它们只需要很少的体力劳动，一周后就可以收获。此外，种植微型蔬菜不需要太多的空间，通常在室内进行垂直设置。所以为什么不试试呢？)”主要说明了微型蔬菜只需要很少的体力劳动，不需要太多的空间，这些都是其方便的特性。故A选项“另一方面，微型蔬菜很容易！”符合语境，故选A。 （23-24高二上·北京丰台·期末）Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason. 1 Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option. 2 First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online. You’ll also need bingo markers, which can be anything from small pieces of paper to pennies or even candy. Once you have your supplies, it’s time to invite your guests. You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat. 3 Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time. Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game! 4 Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90. Make sure that all players have a pen or marker to take down the numbers as they are called out. The caller is responsible for drawing the numbers and calling them out to the players. Players keep marking the numbers on their cards until someone achieves a winning pattern. There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card. 5 When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won. The goal here is to have fun. While some organization is required, try not to tun it into a military operation. After all, bingo is the type of game that can bring people together and create a fun and exciting atmosphere. A．Hand out the bingo cards to each player. B．You can ask your guests to bring their favourite bingo balls, cards and markers. C．It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players. D．To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies. E．Instead of using traditional bingo numbers and letters, mix it up with different themes. F．If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive. G．It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宾果游戏以及它的游戏规则。 1．根据上文“Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason.”（宾果游戏是几代人喜爱的游戏，这是有充分理由的。）引出话题，提到宾果游戏。以及下文“Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option.”（无论你是在寻找一种与朋友和家人共度美好时光的方式，还是你只是想在家里找一个有趣的活动，举办自己的宾果派对是一个很好的选择。）说明举办宾果派对是一个很好的选择。结合选项G项It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages.（这是一项有趣、刺激的游戏，所有年龄的人都喜欢。）可知，还是介绍这款游戏的受欢迎，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 2．根据下文“First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online.”（首先，是宾果牌。您可以选择创建自己的宾果卡或使用预先制作的网上可用的。）可知，提到准备宾果游戏的用品。结合选项D项To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies.（要举办自己的宾果派对，你需要一些用品。）可知，和下文意思一致，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选D项。 3．根据上文“You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat.”（你可以邀请你的朋友和家人来度过一个有趣的宾果之夜，或者你甚至可以通过视频聊天举办一个虚拟的宾果派对。）可知，提到两种举办宾果派对的方式，一种是面对面的，一种是网上的。以及下文“Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time.”（如果你要举办一个虚拟聚会，一定要提前发送视频聊天链接。）可知，说明网上举办的宾果派对。由此可推知，空格处应说明现场举办的宾果派对。结合选项F项If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive.（如果你要举办一个面对面的聚会，一定要让你的客人知道到达的时间。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 4．根据上文“Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game!”（一旦大家都到了，就该开始游戏了！）说明游戏开始。以及下文“Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90.”（每张卡片上应该有一个唯一的数字组合，从1到90不等。）说明游戏进行的过程。结合选项A项Hand out the bingo cards to each player.（把宾果牌发给每个玩家。）可知，为游戏进行的第一步，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 5．根据上文“There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card.”（在宾果游戏中有各种获胜模式，例如完成一行，列或对角线，或在宾果牌上实现特定的形状或设计。）提到宾果游戏中有各种获胜模式。以及下文“When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won.”（当玩家达到获胜模式时，他们应该大声而清晰地喊出“Bingo”来表明他们赢了。）说明获胜时的情形。结合选项C项It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players.（这应该在比赛开始前决定，并且让所有的玩家都知道。）可知，承接上文内容，该句中It指代的是上文提到的各种获胜模式，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. 1 According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever. 2 Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. 3 It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. 4 In other words, the investment paid off. To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. 5 With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path. A．To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. B．However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. C．These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation. D．Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers. E．Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. F．Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. G．For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。 1．前文“For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。 2．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。 3．前文“The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。 4．前文“But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In other words, the investment paid off. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。 5．前文“To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。 （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you. 1   But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. 2 Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. 3 There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends. There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. 4 Things aren’t always what they appear to be. You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media. 5 Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others. A．Those ones don’t get documented. B．Some even think it’s a complete show-off. C．Being popular on social media is not everything. D．Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets. E．There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship. F．It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life. G．You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了社交媒体上的晒出的成功画面未必就是真正的成功，真正的成功需要无数的失败做铺垫，鼓励人们做好自己，永远不要放弃。 1．下文“But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. (但现实是，这些人和其他人一样经历着挣扎。没有人的生活总是完美的。我们都会经历生活中的艰难、失败和痛苦。)”转折的语义说明这些人也一样过着并不完美的生活，但是他们晒在社交媒体上的照片却都是完美的。选项G“你总是被陌生人的照片淹没，这些照片展示了你所渴望的生活。”引领下文，和下文之间是转折关系。故选G项。 2．上文“Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. (画面上的完美时刻确实存在，但困难的时刻也存在于现实生活中。)”说明他们现实生活中也有困难时刻，选项A“那些没有被记录。”承接上文，解释他们只发表完美时刻的原因，是因为困难时刻没有被记录。故选A项。 3．上文“Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. (有些人的照片有1000个赞，视频有100万次观看，但他仍然不开心。)”和下文“There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends.(有些人只有10个赞，但有很多朋友；有些人有1000个赞，但他们很孤独，很沮丧，恋爱关系不愉快，没有真正的朋友。)”说明在社交媒体上受欢迎的程度并不能和幸福快乐成正比，选项C“在社交媒体上受欢迎并不是一切。”承上启下，说明社交媒体上受欢迎不能说明一切。故选C项。 4．上文“There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. (有些情侣在社交媒体上看起来很幸福，但在这些照片背后，他们在感情中遭受了很多痛苦。)”说明有些情侣照片上幸福未必真正幸福，选项E“有些情侣什么都不发，但他们很相爱。”对应上文，说明有些情侣没有照片，但也很幸福。故选E项。 5．上文“Success is not what is presented on social media. (成功不是在社交媒体上展示出来的。)”说明成功不是展示出来的，选项F“人生的成功需要泪水、不眠之夜和无数的失败。”承接上文，说明成功真正的来源是什么。选项中make it和上文Success语义一致，故选F项。 （23-24高二上·北京昌平·期末）Ecoducts: The Safe Way to Cross the Road How does an animal cross a road safely? The short answer is: it often doesn’t! Every year around the word, thousands of animals are killed or injured by cars, trucks, and trains on our busy roads and railway systems. France was the first country to build wildlife crossings to help animals get across roads safely. The French designed these structures to protect animals from the busy traffic. Since then, many other countries have also built wildlife crossings. 1 Ecoducts, also called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build over big roads and highways. 2 Cars, vans, and trucks go under the ecoducts, through a tunnel, and the animals walk over the ecoduct, above the road or highway. At Banff National Park, in Alberta, Canada, park employees have labored hard to make more than 40 ecoducts. Some of the ecoducts in Banff are bridges that cross over the highway. 3 Others are called underpasses. These are tunnels that go under a road. Most ecoducts have soil and plants on them which provide a good environment for wildlife and encourage animals to use the structures. Some ecoducts, including many in Canada and in Florida, are made extremely big so that black bears, deer, and the Florida panther will use them. 4 Perhaps you’re distrustful about this idea. You shouldn’t be, because animals do use them! At first animals can be a little unsettled of the crossings. Experts say that some bears can take as long as five years to start using them. When animals realize that the ecoducts are safe, they use them a lot! So far, since Banff National Park began to make notes about the ecoducts in 1997, eleven different species of mammals have used the overpasses and underpasses more than 200, 000 times ! Ecoducts are a great way to protect wildlife from traffic. 5 But for now even snakes can get itself across a road safely thanks to ecoducts! A．Were endangered animals saved from dying out? B．But do animals really use these man-made bridges? C．These are called overpasses because they go over a road. D．They allow many different types of animals to cross safely to the other side. E．In the Netherlands there are over 600 special bridges and tunnels, called ecoducts. F．Countries will be building many more of these structures around the world in the future. G．France used to be known for its dangerous car crashes with animals until the roads were upgraded. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主语介绍了一些国家为了使动物安全穿过马路而建造的生态导管。 1．上文“Since then, many other countries have also built wildlife crossings.(从那时起，许多其他国家也建立了野生动物过境点。)”指出为了使动物安全过马路，除了法国外，其他一些国家也建立了野生动物过境点，下文“Ecoducts, also called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build over big roads and highways(生态导管，也被称为“绿色桥梁”，是工程师们在大型公路和高速公路上建造的结构)”提到本文主题生态导管，由此可知空处应该承上启下，指出一些国家建立了生态导管，E项“In the Netherlands there are over 600 special bridges and tunnels, called ecoducts.(在荷兰有超过600个特殊的桥梁和隧道，称为生态导管。)”符合，故选E。 2．上文“Ecoducts, also called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build over big roads and highways(生态导管，也被称为“绿色桥梁”，是工程师们在大型公路和高速公路上建造的结构)”提到生态导管是什么，空处应该承接上文，指出其作用，D项“They allow many different types of animals to cross safely to the other side.(它们允许许多不同种类的动物安全地穿越到另一边。)”符合，“They”代指上文提到的Ecoducts，故选D。 3．上文“Some of the ecoducts in Banff are bridges that cross over the highway.(班夫的一些生态导管是跨越高速公路的桥梁。)”提到一些生态导管是跨越高速公路的桥梁，下文“Others are called underpasses.(还有一些叫做地下通道。)”提到其他的叫地下通道，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出跨越高速公路的桥梁被叫做什么，C项“These are called overpasses because they go over a road.(这些被称为立交桥，因为它们通过一条公路。)”符合，“These”代指上文提到是bridges that cross over the highway，故选C。 4．下文“Perhaps you’re distrustful about this idea. You shouldn’t be, because animals do use them!(也许你不相信这个主意。你不应该担忧，因为动物会用它们！)”提到你不必担心动物不能安全穿过这些管道，因为它们会用，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，指出你对动物能不能安全穿过这些桥梁有疑问，B项“But do animals really use these man-made bridges?(但是动物真的使用这些人造桥梁吗？)”符合，和下文构成一问一答，故选B。 5．上文“Ecoducts are a great way to protect wildlife from traffic.(生态导管是保护野生动物免受交通伤害的好方法。)”指出生态导管是保护野生动物免受交通伤害的好方法，所以我们要大力提倡，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出未来可能有更多国家建造这样的构造，F项“Countries will be building many more of these structures around the world in the future.(未来，世界各国将建造更多这样的结构。)”符合，故选F。 （23-24高二上·北京平谷·期末）Six Tips for Freshmen Starting college can be a stressful experience. It introduces a lot of big changes in your life. Here are six tips for freshmen. 1. 1 Of all the tips for college, this one might be the most practical. Make sure to consider what use at home on a daily or weekly basis, and take a look at what a college student has suggested you bring! 2. Be comfortable being on your own. 2 The tasks for which you once relied on your parents are now your responsibility, so it is important that you come to school knowing basic skills, how to do laundry, and how to follow a routine. 3. Have an idea of what you want to study. Declaring your major immediately upon getting accepted into college is not life or death. 3 Internships(实习期) are also a great way to dip your toes in the water and find out whether or not you are interested in a certain career. 4. Put yourself out there. For those who struggle to make friends, finding people who you share interests with is always a good place to start. Joining a local club or activity that you enjoy can help you to meet new people that like the same things that you do. 5. Practice good habits. Being away from home and the structure of middle school for the first time causes many college freshmen to form bad habits. 4 These will help ensure you stay in good health and make your college experience much smoother. 6. 5 Budgeting(预算) can be a very simple way to understand and monitor your spending habits. A simple spreadsheet with your monthly expenses and income is a great way to start listing your spending. A．Learn to manage your finances. B．Make sure to take classes that interest you. C．Making good friend is very important in college. D．Know what things you need for a college dorm. E．Establish a healthy system, and eat a balanced diet. F．You could do a part time job to earn more money. G．In most cases, college is the first time that you will be completely on your own. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了给大学新生的六条建议。 1．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Of all the tips for college, this one might be the most practical. Make sure to consider what use at home on a daily or weekly basis, and take a look at what a college student has suggested you bring!(在所有关于大学生活的建议中，这一条可能是最实用的。一定要考虑每天或每周在家用什么，看看一个大学生建议你带什么!)”可知，本段建议要弄清楚日常需要使用什么，需要带什么到学校，因此推断D项“知道你在大学宿舍需要什么。”为本段标题，故选D。 2．根据段落标题“Be comfortable being on your own(独立是舒适的)”可知，本段建议要学会独立，下文“The tasks for which you once relied on your parents are now your responsibility, so it is important that you come to school knowing basic skills, how to do laundry, and how to follow a routine.(你曾经依靠父母完成的任务现在是你自己的责任，所以上学时，知道一些基本的技能，如何洗衣服，以及如何遵守常规是很重要的。)”讲述不能再依靠父母，一些事情要依靠自己，要学会一些基本生活技能，G项中的“on your own”呼应主题，因此推断G项“在大多数情况下，大学是你第一次完全依靠自己。”符合语境，引出下文的解释。故选G。 3．根据段落标题“Have an idea of what you want to study.(明确自己想学什么。)”可知，本段讲述关于学什么的建议，上文“Declaring your major immediately upon getting accepted into college is not life or death.(被大学录取后立即宣布专业并不是生死攸关的事。)”谈到大学选专业并不是生死攸关的事情，下文“Internships(实习期) are also a great way to dip your toes in the water and find out whether or not you are interested in a certain career.(实习也是试水的好方法，可以让你知道自己是否对某个职业感兴趣。)”讲述了选专业的方法，前后文都是关系选专业的话题，B项“一定要参加你感兴趣的课程。”符合语境，与选专业有关。故选B。 4．上文“Being away from home and the structure of middle school for the first time causes many college freshmen to form bad habits.(第一次离开家乡和中学结构导致许多大学新生形成坏习惯。)”谈到了第一次离家容易养成坏习惯，下文“These will help ensure you stay in good health and make your college experience much smoother.(这将有助于你保持身体健康，让你的大学生活更加顺利。)”中的these应是指空处的内容，这些可以有助于你保持身体健康，因此推断E项“建立健康的系统，均衡饮食。”符合语境，承接上文的坏习惯谈到好习惯，均衡饮食，健康体系有助于保持健康，承上启下，故选E。 5．空处为段落标题。根据下文“Budgeting(预算) can be a very simple way to understand and monitor your spending habits. A simple spreadsheet with your monthly expenses and income is a great way to start listing your spending.(预算是了解和监控自己消费习惯的一种非常简单的方法。用一个简单的电子表格列出你每月的支出和收入是列出你的支出的好方法。)”可知，本段讲述了有关制定预算的建议，因此推断A项“学会管理你的财务状况。”为本段标题。故选A。 （23-24高二上·北京房山·期末）How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”? 1 Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse asthe source of their creativity or genius. The following tips can help you to find your muse. Listen to music. Songs, and music in general, can help you relax. 2 Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity. Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing. You may not have any concrete ideas, but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts. Consider it a form of brainstorming. Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft. Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts. 3 It is best if you do this type of writing by hand, because it will connect you more fully to the writing process. 4 Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books. Each story was probably inspired from the author’s own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives. Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity. 5 Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art. A．People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities. B．Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration. C．Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day. D．Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people, but is a struggle for others. E．The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down. F．Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas. G．You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过创造性的追求找到你的灵感的方法。 1．结合前文“Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”?”（你有没有听过一句名言“天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水。”？）可知，天才的实现要有灵感和努力。后文“Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius. ”（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都把灵感视为他们创造力或天赋的源泉。）说明一些著名人物把灵感视为他们的创造力或天赋的源泉。所以空处应改承接前文，讲述灵感的获得是因人而异的。选项D.“灵感对某些人来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说却是一种挣扎。”切题，故选D。 2．根据前文“Songs, and music in general, can help you relax.”（一般来说，歌曲和音乐可以帮助你放松。）提到了歌曲和音乐的帮助作用。下文“Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.”（音乐，尤其是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，为你提供点子，帮助激发你自己的创造力。）特别提出音乐中歌词同样有着帮助作用。因而空处应承接前文，讲述在音乐中其它部分一样也有帮助。选项E.“你听到的歌词和旋律可以减轻让你颓丧的思想。”说明歌词和旋律一样有帮助意义，切题，故选E。 3．根据本段标题“Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.”（想到什么就写什么，激发你的创造力。）前文“Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.”（写作本身可以帮助你产生想法。）提到了通过写作可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处应承接前文，讲述要给自己时间来写作。选项C.“尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记。”说明了每天要有自由写作时间，切题，故选C。 4．根据下文“Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books.”（即使你写作时坚持一种风格，你也可以从不同类型的书籍中借用更小的概念、最新的趋势、个性喜好、风景观点等等。）说明通过阅读也可以激发你的创造力和灵感。因而作为段落标题句，应给说明通过阅读可以来寻找灵感的。选项B.“阅读许多不同的故事来寻找创造性的灵感。”切题，故选B。 5．段落标题“Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.”（试着涂鸦或者画画来放松和激发你的创造力。）可知，涂鸦或者画画可以实现放松，同时激发你的创造力。后文“Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.”（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种创造性的方式，没有创造成品艺术所带来的压力。）可知，涂鸦等自由的绘画方式是一种创造性的方式，但不会带来压力。因此空处应讲述相对涂鸦而言，你不必通过专业的画来寻求自己的创造力。选项G.“你可以艺术地表达自己，而不用每次都画一幅专业的画。”切题，故选G。 （23-24高二上·北京通州·期末）Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. 1 Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. So how should you motivate yourself? 2 First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without enough motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A．They can change according to circumstances. B．Communication helps to understand each other. C．This can affect your work. D．Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. E．So why should we try to find supporting evidence? F．More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? G．However, this should not discourage you. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。 1．根据下文“Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. ”（没有动机，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它。）所以空处应该讲述动机和目标的关系。D项“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面。”提到了动机和目标是互补的，切题，故选D。 2．上文“So how should you motivate yourself?”（那你该怎么激励自己呢？）以问题形式提出你应该如何激励自己，后文“First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. ”（首先，你需要评估你自己，你的价值观，你的长处，你的弱点，你的成就，你的欲望，等等。）提出了激励自己的方式，因而空处应承接上文，继续以问题的形式提出如何保持动机来实现目标，F项“更重要的是，你应该如何保持动机去实现目标？”，切题，故选F。 3．上文“There are times when your heart is not in your work.”（有时候你的心不在工作上。），提到对待工作你有心不在焉的时刻。下文说“So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.”（所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么。），所以设空处应承上启下，讲述你的心不在焉会影响工作，引出下文相应的应对策略。C选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选C。 4．上文“Remember that goals are flexible.”（记得，目标是灵活的。）可知，目标是灵活的。因而空处应该承接上文，讲述目标灵活的表现是如何的。A选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变。”切题，故选A。 5．上文“For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.”（你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。）说明了阻碍你实现梦想的原因是因为自己的视力，即你的身体的缺陷。下文“You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.”（你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标。），讲述了我们要实时得做出改变，设定自己的新的目标。因而该空承上启下，讲述对于自己的缺陷不要气馁。G选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选G。 （23-24高二上·北京石景山·期末）Do you know what a resolution is? 1 Most of the time, we make promises to other people—“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school”. However, promises you make to yourself are resolutions, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. 2 This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans. There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. 3 These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. 4 Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them! There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 5 A．It’s a kind of promise. B．How about you—will you make any next year? C．Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. D．For example, a student may have to find more time to study. E．Do you know how to stick to your resolution as long as possible? F．A New Year’s resolution is the goal that is set at the start of a new year. G．Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了新年的开始则是做出自己不同的信念决心，每个人都有不同的新年决心。 1．根据空前的“Do you know what a resolution is?(你知道什么是决心吗？)”可知，后文是对“决心”进行回答。A选项“It’s a kind of promise.(它是一种承诺。)”与前文呼应。故选A。 2．根据后文“This helps them to remember their resolutions.(这有助于他们记住自己的决心。)”可知此处表示某种方式有助于记住自己的新年决心。G选项“Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year.(有些人写下他们来年的决心和计划。)”可知，很多人把新年决心和计划写下来是可以有助于让他们记住自己的决心的。故选G。 3．根据后文“These are about making yourself a better person.(这些都是为了让你成为一个更好的人。)”可知，每个人会做出不同的新年决心，此处强调的新年决心是不断提升自己成为一个更好的人。C选项“Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.(许多决心都与自我提升有关。)”中的self-improvement与下文的a better person呼应。故选C。 4．根据前文的“Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. (有些决心与更好的计划有关，比如为每周的学业制定计划。)”可知，后文应该强调新年决心与学习计划有关系。D选项“For example, a student may have to find more time to study.(例如，一个学生可能不得不找到更多的时间来学习。)”与前文呼应。故选D。 5．根据前文“For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! (因此，有人说最好的决心就是没有决心！)”可知，有人说最好的决心就是没有决心，下文应该询问读者的意见。B选项“How about you—will you make any next year?(那你呢——你明年会做吗？)”与前文承接，符合语境。故选B。 （23-24高二上·北京海淀·期末）The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself Being able to laugh at yourself isn’t always easy. However, making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits. While it might sound surprising, being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊). 1 Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor, which can involve being too modest, or even laughing at yourself humorously. 2 However, research suggests they tend to be more self-confident. When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations, it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem. 3 Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others. Interestingly, research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait, despite differences in their ways of using humor. Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. 4 When you view situations as threats, stress levels increase. Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as “good stress” that helps you feel more empowered. Making fun of yourself can have some benefits, but it’s important not to take things too far. If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being, it’s time to take a step back. 5 If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree, you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being. A．Find a balance that works for you. B．Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself. C．People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves. D．Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view. E．Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly. F．People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem. G．It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍自嘲的一些好处，他有利于你的自尊，甚至可以改善你的人际关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战，本文讲述的是如何合理地利用自嘲。 1．根据空前的“While it might sound surprising, being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem(自尊).(虽然这听起来可能令人惊讶，但能够自嘲对你的自尊有好处。)”可知，该部分讲的是自嘲的好处，所以此空处应选择的是自嘲的好处，G选项“It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively.(它甚至可以改善你的人际关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战。)”中的even以及其内容讲述的是自嘲的好处，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据空后“However, research suggests they tend to be more self-confident.(然而，研究表明他们往往更自信。)”中的however可知，此空与下文为转折关系，下文讲述的是自嘲可以使人更加的自信，所以此处空应该是与此内容相反，F选项“People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem.(有这种幽默感的人有时被认为是自卑的。)”的内容讲述的是自嘲的人被认为是自尊心低的人，符合题意。故选F项。 3．空后的“Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.(自嘲可能有助于让你更讨人喜欢，并与他人建立更牢固的关系。)”讲述的自嘲的人更讨人喜欢，人们更愿意与其建立牢固的关系，C选项“People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.(人们更容易被那些可以自嘲的人所吸引。)”讲述的是人们更喜欢自嘲的人，与下文内容吻合。故选C项。 4．根据空前的段落主题句“Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits.(哄堂大笑已被证明有许多对抗压力的好处。)”可知，该段讲述的是自嘲有抗压好处，D项“Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view.(能够嘲笑自己可以通过改变自己的观点来缓解压力。)”讲述的为嘲笑自己能缓解压力，符合语境。故选D项。 5．结合空前的“If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being, it’s time to take a step back.(如果取笑自己开始对您的心理健康或福祉产生负面影响，那么是时候退后一步了。)”可知，如果自嘲影响自己健康，说明有些过度了，而下文中的“If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree, you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.(如果你在合理的程度上接受你的弱点和不完美，你会感到更快乐，改善你的人际关系和整体幸福感。)”说的是合理的自嘲会让人感到快乐，由此可推断，此空应是找到一个自嘲的平衡点，既要自嘲，又不能过度，A选项“Find a balance that works for you.(找到一个对你起作用的平衡点。)”起到一个承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选A项。 （23-24高二上·北京东城·期末）The Power in Accepting Your Errors It pays to be kind to yourself. A new study shows that being compassionate (同情的) with yourself when you make mistakes can reduce depression. It is generally good to hold yourself to high standards and strive to do your best. But sometimes people have unrealistic views of what they should achieve. 1 Then when they make a mistake, they may be too unforgiving of that error. It is an unhealthy form of perfectionism. This is when a person views anything imperfect as unacceptable. 2 However, self-compassion can help protect people from such negative impacts, a new study finds. 3 “It’s often easy to say kind and supportive things to our friends when things go wrong for them,” says Madeleine Ferrari. She’s a psychologist at Australian Catholic University in Sydney. “If we can say these things to ourselves, we will still reach our goals but will have better mental health,” she says. 4 Ferrari’s team wanted to see if self-compassion might weaken that link. The researchers surveyed 541 teenagers and 515 adults. They asked these people to fill out a set of three questionnaires and asked the participants to rate their levels of perfectionism, depression and self-compassion. In both groups, people who were kinder to themselves were less likely to experience sadness and depression, the researchers found. 5 And that could be especially true for perfectionists. A．They set standards that are too high. B．Even the most intelligent and productive people make mistakes. C．This is a good example of improving and changing based on a mistake. D．Self-compassion is treating yourself the way you would treat a good friend. E．Such feelings can increase stress and lead to symptoms (症状) of depression. F．So learning self-compassion could improve treatment for those with depression. G．Previous research has shown that people who are perfectionists are more likely to become depressed. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．G 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对自己充满同情可以减轻抑郁，善待自己是值得的。 1．上文“But sometimes people have unrealistic views of what they should achieve.(但有时人们对自己应该实现的目标有不切实际的看法)”以及下文“Then when they make a mistake, they may be too unforgiving of that error.(然后，当他们犯了错误时，他们可能会对错误太不宽容)”说明有时候人们对自己设定不缺实际的目标，犯错误后对错误太不宽容，A项“他们设定的标准太高了。”说明人们设定太高的标准，承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 2．上文“This is when a person views anything imperfect as unacceptable.(这是一个人认为任何不完美的东西都是不可接受的时刻)”以及下文“However, self-compassion can help protect people from such negative impacts, a new study finds.(然而，一项新的研究发现，自我同情有助于保护人们免受这种负面影响)”说明认为任何不完美的东西都不可接受会对人们产生负面影响，E项中symptoms of depression是关键词，E项“这种感觉会增加压力并导致抑郁症状。”介绍了抑郁症状这一负面影响，承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 3．上文“However, self-compassion can help protect people from such negative impacts, a new study finds.(然而，一项新的研究发现，自我同情有助于保护人们免受这种负面影响)”以及下文““It’s often easy to say kind and supportive things to our friends when things go wrong for them,” says Madeleine Ferrari.(玛德琳·法拉利说：“当我们的朋友遇到问题时，对他们说善意和支持的话通常很容易。”)”说明当朋友遇到问题时，我们容易对他们说善意和支持的话，采用同情的方式，D项中a good friend是关键词，D项“自我同情是以对待好朋友的方式对待自己。”承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 4．下文“Ferrari’s team wanted to see if self-compassion might weaken that link.(法拉利的团队想看看自我同情是否会削弱这种联系)”以及“They asked these people to fill out a set of three questionnaires and asked the participants to rate their levels of perfectionism, depression and self-compassion.(他们要求这些人填写一组三份问卷，并要求参与者对他们的完美主义、抑郁和自我同情程度进行评分)”说明法拉利的团队想看自我同情是否会削弱完美主义与抑郁之间的联系，G项“先前的研究表明，完美主义者更容易抑郁。”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 5．上文“In both groups, people who were kinder to themselves were less likely to experience sadness and depression, the researchers found.(研究人员发现，在这两组人中，对自己更友善的人不太可能经历悲伤和抑郁)”说明对自己更友善的人，即可以自我同情的人不太可能会抑郁，F项“因此，学习自我同情可以改善抑郁症患者的治疗。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 （23-24高二上·北京朝阳·期末）In principle, it sounds simple: eat less and move more. 1 Yet, despite all the calorie counting, dieting and exercising, worldwide obesity (肥胖) rates just keep speeding up. People in the US were heavier in 2021 than they were in 2020, placing many more people at risk from serious diseases. So why hasn’t this approach to weight control worked? One possibility is that we haven’t tried hard enough. 2 Or perhaps the problem is the focus on “calorie balance” itself. In a recent paper, my colleagues and I question the basic assumption of whether taking in more calories than you burn really is the chief cause of obesity. We argue that the evidence actually points the other way: we are driven to overeat because we are getting fatter. 3 As their growth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat hundreds of calories more each day than they used to. Does this “overeating” cause the rapid growth? Or does the rapid growth, which requires more calories to build new body tissues, make teenagers hungrier so they eat more? Clearly the latter, as adults won’t grow taller, no matter how much they eat. The key to how this works in obesity is hormones (激素), especially the fat-storage hormone. Processed, rapidly digestible high-carbon foods like potato chips and sugary drinks raise our hormone level too high. 4 A few hours after eating a high-carbon meal, the number of calories in the bloodstream falls rapidly, so we get hungrier sooner after eating. Therefore, in order to prevent and treat weight problems, the emphasis should be placed on what to eat instead of how much we eat. Replacing processed high-carbon foods with high-fat foods-such as nuts-lowers the hormone obtainable for the rest of the body. 5 Although much more research will be needed to test this idea, it is time to question the basic assumptions about cause and effect, calories and weight gain that have dominated our thinking for decades. A．Weight control becomes a battle between dieting and exercising. B．This may seem incredible but consider the rapid growth of teenagers. C．The dietary advice for dealing with obesity has been around for decades. D．We have lacked willpower to maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits. E．A low-calorie diet further restricts an already limited supply of energy to the body. F．This causes our fat cells to store too many calories, leaving fewer for the rest of the body. G．In fact, high-fat foods may help decrease body fat, a possibility supported by medical practices. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是造成肥胖的原因。 1．空前说“In principle, it sounds simple: eat less and move more.(原则上，这听起来很简单：少吃多动。)”，这是一条建议，空格处要对这条建议做出评论，C选项“The dietary advice for dealing with obesity has been around for decades.(应对肥胖的这条饮食建议已经存在了几十年。)”是对空前所说建议的评论，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 2．空前说“So why hasn’t this approach to weight control worked? One possibility is that we haven’t tried hard enough.(那么，为什么这种控制体重的方法没有奏效呢？一种可能是我们还不够努力。)”，空后说“Or perhaps the problem is the focus on “calorie balance” itself.(或许问题出在“卡路里平衡”本身。)”，空格处应该说明这种控制体重的方法没有奏效的原因，而且和空前的“我们还不够努力”有关，D选项“We have lacked willpower to maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits.(我们缺乏意志力来保持健康的饮食和锻炼习惯。)”解释了这种控制体重的方法没有奏效的原因，“缺乏意志力”和空前的“我们还不够努力”相对应，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 3．空前说“We argue that the evidence actually points the other way: we are driven to overeat because we are getting fatter.(我们认为，事实恰恰相反：我们被迫吃得过多，是因为我们越来越胖。)”，空后说“As their growth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat hundreds of calories more each day than they used to.(随着生长速度的加快，青少年每天可能会比过去多摄入数百卡路里。)”，空格处应该对空前所说的事实做出评价，而且要提到青少年的生长，B选项“This may seem incredible but consider the rapid growth of teenagers.(这似乎难以置信，但考虑到青少年的快速成长。)”中前半句是对空前内容的评价，后半句中的“the rapid growth of teenagers”和空后的“their growth rate speeds up”相对应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 4．空前说“Processed, rapidly digestible high-carbon foods like potato chips and sugary drinks raise our hormone level too high.(加工过的、易消化的高碳食物，如薯片和含糖饮料，会使我们的激素水平过高。)”，空后说“A few hours after eating a high-carbon meal, the number of calories in the bloodstream falls rapidly, so we get hungrier sooner after eating.(在吃完高碳餐几个小时后，血液中的卡路里含量迅速下降，所以我们在吃完饭后很快就会感到饿。)”，空格处要讲明吃加工过的、易消化的高碳食物使我们的激素水平过高后所造成的进一步结果，而且还要提到有的地方的卡路里含量下降，F选项“This causes our fat cells to store too many calories, leaving fewer for the rest of the body.(这导致我们的脂肪细胞储存了太多的卡路里，留给身体其他部分的热量就更少了。)”说明了高碳食物造成的结果，且说明了除脂肪细胞以外的身体其他部分的热量减少，和空后的“血液中的卡路里含量迅速下降”相呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 5．空前说“Replacing processed high-carbon foods with high-fat foods-such as nuts-lowers the hormone obtainable for the rest of the body.(用高脂肪的食物代替加工过的高碳食物，比如坚果，会降低身体其他部位的激素含量。)”，空格处应解释为什么会这样，G选项“In fact, high-fat foods may help decrease body fat, a possibility supported by medical practices.(事实上，高脂肪食物可能有助于减少体脂，这一可能性得到了医学实践的支持。)”说明了用高脂肪的食物代替加工过的高碳食物的原因，其中的“high-fat foods”和空前的“high-fat foods”相一致，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 （22-23高二上·北京·期末）What Is Emotional Eating? Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. 1 Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot—especially without realizing it—emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being. Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings. 2 One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. 3 Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. 4 It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on. We’re all emotional eaters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like. 5 Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it. A．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there. B．One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards. C．Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it. D．Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream. E．That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger. F．More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food. G．If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了情绪化进食就是用吃来排解信中的情绪，但如果吃得太多，情绪化进食会影响体重、健康和整体幸福感，所以要控制。 1．上文“Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger.(情绪化进食是指人们用食物来处理情绪而不是满足饥饿感。)”指出情绪化进食是为了排解情绪，而不是为了满足饥饿感，下文“Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test?(你有没有在准备大考的时候，因为无聊吃完一整袋薯片或者一块接一块地吃饼干？)”以提问的方式举例说明我们都有这种情绪化进食情况，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，A项“Believe it or not, we’ve all been there.(信不信由你，我们都经历过。)”符合，故选A。 2．下文“One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.(关于情绪化饮食最大的误区之一就是它是由负面情绪引起的。是的，人们经常在压力大、孤独、悲伤、焦虑或无聊时求助于食物。但是情绪化的饮食也可以和积极的情绪联系起来，比如情人节分享甜点的浪漫或者节日盛宴的庆祝。)”指出引起情绪化进食的原因，C项“Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.(了解情绪化饮食的驱动因素可以帮助人们采取措施改变它。)”符合语境，引起下文，指出要了解情绪化驱动的原因，故选C。 3．上文“But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.(但是情绪化的饮食也可以和积极的情绪联系起来，比如情人节分享甜点的浪漫或者节日盛宴的庆祝。有时情绪化进食与重大生活事件有关，比如死亡或离婚。)”从不同方面介绍了情绪化进食的原因，空处应该也应是描述情绪化进食的原因，F项“More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.(但更多的时候，是无数的日常压力导致人们在食物中寻求安慰。)”承接上文，介绍的是情绪化进食的原因，故选F。 4．上文“Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. (情绪化的饮食模式是可以学习的: 一个孩子在取得巨大成就后得到糖果，他长大后可能会用糖果作为工作出色的奖励。)”介绍了食物和情绪之间联系的一个例子，G选项“If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.(如果一个哭泣的男孩得到一些饼干，他可能会把饼干与舒适联系起来。)”承接上文，介绍饮食和情绪之间联联系的另外一个例子，故选G。 5．上文“ But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like. (但对一些人来说，情绪化饮食可能是一个真正的问题，导致严重的体重增加或其他问题。情绪化进食的问题在于，一旦进食的乐趣消失，引起进食的感觉就会留存下来。而且你经常会对你喜欢吃的食物的数量或类型感到更糟糕。)”指出情绪化进食的危害，所以我们要了解身体饥饿和情感饥饿之间的区别。E项“That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.(这就是为什么了解身体饥饿和情感饥饿之间的区别是有好处的。)”符合语境，对上文进行总结，故选E。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$