考点 37 短文填空（讲练结合）-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲（全国通用）

考点37 短文填空 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲 短文填空是中考的常考题型，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、语言表达能力以及基础语法知识的掌握情况。所谓阅读理解能力，即要求学生结合上下文推测出所填单词；而语言表达能力指根据基础语法规则拼写出正确答案。 短文填空的文章多以记叙文和议论文为主，涉及校园生活、情感故事、健康生活、教育引导、文化交流等贴近学生生活的话题。题目一般设置10个空，每空一词。主要有考查形式：提示填空和理解填空。 提示填空分为：用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空、根据首字母提示填空和根据中文提示填空三种情况。 理解填空需要学生根据上下文推测或固定搭配确定答案。除掌握基础语法知识、阅读理解能力和书面表达能力外，掌握相应的答题步骤和答题技巧能够有效提高答题能力。 一、通读全文，了解大意。 通读全文后，需要大概掌握文章体裁、时态、段落结构等，同时要关注文章的标题、首尾段以及文章配图。文章配图往往会帮助理解文章中的重要词汇。注：此时不必在细节上花费时间。 二、结合语法，逐句分析。 根据句意及所给的提示，确定句意。可以依据复现词(含原形、近义词或反义词)、句子间的逻辑关系(前后句、首尾句等)、固定搭配(需要平时积累)等来辅助判断。确定后，再细读句子，分析句子结构及语法规则，将所填单词的正确形式填入空中。 三、复读全文，检查答案。 在填写完全部答案后，需要再次通读全文，检查文章内容是否通顺、语义是否连贯、逻辑是否合理，如有不合适的地方则根据文章整体内容进行调整。此时，应重点检查所填单词的形式、语法及单词拼写，例如：首字母大写、名词的单复数及所有格、动词的时态语态，形客词副词的级、各种词性的转化等。确认后，将最终答案填写到答题纸上。 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was successfully launched at 8:59 pm 1 April 25th, 2024 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. It sent three astronauts as well as nearly a hundred experimental (实验的) 2 (project) to the Tiangong space station. 3 three astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. Ye, from the second batch (批) of Chinese astronauts, was a member of the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves as the mission commander (指令长). Li Cong and Li Guangsu, from the 4 (three) batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. All three were born in the 1980s. One of the 5 (big) highlights of this trip is the adventure of the very first fish, which has been called by Chinese people as “the fourth member of Shenzhou-18”. The fish will be used for aquatic ecological (水生生态的) research project. The astronauts 6 (spend) about six months on the space station. During 7 (they) stay, they will manage and care for the space station to make sure it is safe and working 8 (good). They will carry out a record numbers: more than 90 experiments, including microgravity (微重力) basic physics, space materials science, space life science, aerospace (航天的) medicine, 9 aerospace technology. And, they will conduct science popularization (普及) activities. They will also welcome the Tianzhou-8 cargo ship and the Shenzhou-19 astronauts. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned 10 (return) to the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in late October this year. 【答案】 1．on 2．projects 3．The 4．third 5．biggest 6．will spend 7．their 8．well 9．and 10．to return 【导语】本文介绍了神州十八号的航天员以及航天任务、行程等。 1．句意：2024年4月25日晚8点59分，神舟18号载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。由“April 25th, 2024”可知，具体日期前用介词on。故填on。 2．句意：它向天宫空间站运送了三名宇航员和近100个实验项目。根据“a hundred experimental”可知，此处应用名词复数，100个实验项目。故填projects。 3．句意：这三名宇航员分别是叶光富、李聪和李光肃。此处特指三名宇航员，应用定冠词the，位于句首首字母需大写。故填The。 4．句意：第三批中国航天员李聪和李光肃都是太空新人。the后接序数词。故填third。 5．句意：这次航行最大的亮点之一是第一条鱼的冒险，这条鱼被中国人称为“神舟十八大第四成员”。由“one of the…”可知，此处应用最高级，意为“最……之一”。故填biggest。 6．句意：宇航员们将在空间站上呆大约6个月。由“they will manage”可知，句子为一般将来时。故填will spend。 7．句意：在他们逗留期间，他们将管理和照顾空间站，以确保它的安全和工作良好。由“…stay”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词stay。故填their。 8．句意：在他们逗留期间，他们将管理和照顾空间站，以确保它的安全和工作良好。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词work。故填well。 9．句意：他们将进行记录数据：90多项实验，包括微重力基础物理、空间材料科学、空间生命科学、航天医学、航天技术等。由“aerospace (航天的) medicine,…aerospace technology”可知，此处是并列成分，应用and“和”来连接两个名词。故填and。 10．句意：神舟18号宇航员计划就绪将于今年10月下旬返回中国北部内蒙古自治区的东风着陆点。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，固定搭配。故填to return。 B In the recently passed winter holiday, the nickname “southern potatoes” has been popular across the whole country, almost everyone knows them t 11 news, TVs or other social medias. Harbin, located in northeastern China, is e 12 famous for its cold winter and fantastic ice sculptures. Over the past winter holiday, the city has turned i 13 into one of the most favorite tourist places to go in China. A 14 to He Jing, the director of the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, Harbin’s tourism boom (旅游繁荣) this year is not just a coincidence (巧合) , but the r 15 of years of careful preparation. Since the beginning of 2023, the city has been developing plans to improve the tourism industry.“We take immediate action w 16 the visitors complain about because we would like to stand in the shoes of visitors and make Harbin a better place to visit. To help visitors w 17 are not used to cold weather, we have set up many heated places for them to change clothes. Local specially frozen pears are even c 18 into small pieces. We just want to impress visitors with all the small details, m 19 them feel comfortable and welcomed,” He Jing says. Harbin has set an e 20 to show the unique beauty and warm hospitality (好客) to the visitors. I think every city in China is willing to do the same to make people around the world to experience the real beauty and warm hospitality of China. 【答案】 11．(t)hrough 12．(e)specially 13．(i)tself 14．(A)ccording 15．(r)esult 16．(w)hatever 17．(w)ho 18．(c)ut 19．(m)aking 20．(e)xample 【导语】本文主要介绍了哈尔滨旅游热潮的兴起，以及为此做出的努力。 11．句意：在刚刚过去的寒假里，“南方土豆”的绰号在全国范围内流行起来，几乎每个人都通过新闻、电视或其他社交媒体知道他们。根据后文“news, TVs or other social medias.”可知，人们是通过这些媒体知道的。through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。 12．句意：哈尔滨位于中国东北部，尤其以其寒冷的冬天和奇妙的冰雕而闻名。根据句子结构可知，此空需填入一个副词，修饰形容词famous，表示突出强调，结合句意和首字母提示可知，应填especially“尤其，特别”。故填(e)specially。 13．句意：在过去的这个寒假里，这座城市已经把自己变成了中国最受欢迎的旅游胜地之一。根据句子结构可知，此空须填一个名词或代词，做turned的宾语，“the city”、空处以及“one of the most favorite tourist places to go in China”三者是指同一事物，再结合首字母提示可知，填itself符合语境。故填(i)tself。 14．句意：据黑龙江省文化和旅游厅厅长何晶介绍，哈尔滨今年的旅游繁荣并非巧合，而是多年精心准备的结果。根据“...to He Jing”及首字母提示和语境可知，此处指根据何晶的介绍，according to“根据”。故填(A)ccording。 15．句意：据黑龙江省文化和旅游厅厅长何晶介绍，哈尔滨今年的旅游繁荣并非巧合，而是多年精心准备的结果。根据“Harbin’s tourism boom this year is not just a coincidence, but the ... of years of careful preparation”及首字母提示可知，此处指不是巧合而是多年努力的结果，the result of“……的结果”，故填(r)esult。 16．句意：无论游客投诉什么，我们都会立即采取行动，因为我们想站在游客的立场，使哈尔滨成为一个更好的游览的地方。根据句子结构可知，此空须填一个连词，引导让步状语从句，并在从句种作complain about的宾语；结合首字母提示可知，应填whatever“无论什么”。故填(w)hatever。 17．句意：为了帮助那些不习惯寒冷天气的游客，我们设置了许多加热的地方供他们换衣服。分析句子结构可知，此空须填关系代词词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词visitors ，并在句中作主语，指人；结合首字母提示可知，应填who。故填(w)ho。 18．句意：当地特制的冷冻梨甚至被切成小块。根据后面的“into small pieces”可知，梨被切成小块，此空意为“切”，是过去分词；结合首字母提示可知，应填cut“切”的过去分词cut。故填(c)ut。 19．句意：我们只是想用所有的小细节给游客留下深刻印象，让他们感到舒适和受欢迎。根据“... them feel comfortable and welcomed”可知，此处指使他们感觉舒服和受欢迎，此空意为“使，让”；结合首字母提示可知，应用make“使得”，空处在句中作状语，且和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填(m)aking。 20．句意：哈尔滨为向游客展示独特的美丽和热情好客树立了榜样。根据前文的描述和句意及首字母提示可知，此空意为“榜样”。example“榜样”，set an example“树立榜样”。故填(e)xample。 C 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。(每空一词) Hangzhou hosted the 19th Asian Games successfully. The Games are 21 (把……视为) very “smart” with the use of technology. Let’s have a look! Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe. Even though a “stranger” goes into the kitchen 22 (直接), an alarm will go off, because there is a special system that can recognize people’s faces. Some 23 (经理) of the kitchen will also get messages anywhere. What if the athletes need help 24 (在……期间) the game? Drones (无人驾驶飞机) can be used. They can 25 (飞行) as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second. Medicine, blood and other 26 (每日) things can be sent to people quickly. Want to walk around at the stadiums? One of the 27 (最小) programs is here to help. You can see 28 (它的) size from the outside and the inside. When watching games, it’s common to “be lost”. Just turn on your phone’s camera and you will find your 29 (地方) through the AR service. 30 (而且), you can get more information about the stadiums as you walk by. 【答案】 21．regarded/considered 22．directly 23．managers 24．during 25．fly 26．daily/everyday 27．smallest 28．its 29．place/position 30．Besides/Also/Anyway/Moreover 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杭州亚运会运用的一些先进技术。 21．句意：由于技术的运用，奥运会被认为是非常“智能”的。结合句意和汉语提示可知，consider/regard“把……认为”，动词；主语“The games”与动词之间是被动关系，根据空前“are”可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为are done，而consider/regard的过去分词为considered/regarded。故填considered/regarded。 22．句意：即使一个“陌生人”直接进入厨房，警报也会响起，因为有一个特殊的系统可以识别人的脸。结合句意和汉语提示可知，directly“直接地”，副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词goes。故填directly。 23．句意：厨房的一些经理也会在任何地方收到消息。结合句意和汉语提示可知，manager“经理”，可数名词；根据空前“Some”可知，此处应用名词复数形式managers作主语。故填managers。 24．句意：如果运动员在比赛中需要帮助怎么办？结合句意和汉语提示可知，during“在……期间”，介词。故填during。 25．句意：它们可以飞到20公里远的地方，在一秒钟内飞行16米。结合句意和汉语提示可知，fly“飞”，动词；根据空前情态动词can可知，此处应用动词原形。故填fly。 26．句意：药品、血液和其他日常用品可以迅速送到人们手中。结合句意和汉语提示可知，daily/everyday“每日的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词things。故填daily/everyday。 27．句意：其中一个最小的程序可以提供帮助。结合句意和汉语提示可知，small“小的”，形容词；根据“One of the …programs”可知，此处考查one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，因此这里应用small的最高级形式smallest。故填smallest。 28．句意：你可以从外面和里面看到它的大小。结合句意和汉语提示可知，its“它的”，形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语，修饰名词size。故填its。 29．句意：只要打开手机的摄像头，你就可以通过AR服务找到你的位置。结合句意和汉语提示可知，place/position“地方”，可数名词；根据“turn on your phone’s camera”可知，此处是指找到你的地方，应用名词单数形式。故填place/position。 30．句意：而且，当你走过的时候，你可以得到更多关于体育场的信息。结合句意和汉语提示可知，besides/also/anyway/moreover“而且”，副词，在句中修饰整个句子，作状语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Besides/Also/Anyway/Moreover。 D 根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 You know you really want to get good grades. At the same time, your parents have put the pressure on you, or you promised yourself you would do 31 than before. But you keep getting distracted (分心的) and can’t focus on study! Here are some tips that help you be focused! Don’t pay attention 32 the specific distractions (使人分心的事). For example, you’re trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting. Take down this distraction, then tell yourself to overcome 33 . Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up, and eventually you will no longer notice it. Give yourself a break from worry. Life can be really busy, 34 it’s OK if you think of other things while studying. You can 35 5 minutes thinking about everything that’s on your plate, but then tell yourself it’s time to focus on the main task for now: studying. Set a main 36 . When you are about to take an exam, it’s easy to think you need to study everything. Break things down and finish small goals one by one. This can 37 things easier and you can be less distracted. Go offline. Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused. Try keeping your phone in another room while you’re studying. Also, you can turn off your phone or keep it 38 . 【答案】 31．better 32．to 33．it 34．so 35．spend 36．goal 37．make 38．silent 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了专注学习，减少分心的方法。 31．句意：同时，你的父母给你施加了压力，或者你向自己保证你会比以前做得更好。根据“You know you really want to get good grades...you promised yourself you would do...than before.”可知此处指向自己保证比以前做得更好，需使用副词well的比较级better，修饰动词do。故填better。 32．句意：不要关注使人分心的事。此处是动词短语pay attention to...“关注……”。故填to。 33．句意：消除这种干扰，然后告诉自己要克服它。根据“Take down this distraction, then tell yourself to overcome...”可知此处指要克服干扰，使用代词it“它”指代distraction。故填it。 34．句意：让自己从忧虑中解脱出来。生活可能真的很忙，所以如果你在学习的时候考虑其他事情也没关系。根据“Life can be really busy,...it’s OK if you think of other things while studying.”可知此处需填连词，连接两个句子，且两句为前因后果关系，因此使用连词so“所以”。故填so。 35．句意：你可以花5分钟思考你想的一切，但告诉自己现在是时候专注于主要任务了：学习。根据“ You can...5 minutes thinking about everything”可知此处指花5分钟去思考，动词短语spend...doing“花时间做某事”，情态动词can后使用动词原形即可。故填spend。 36．句意：设定一个主要目标。根据“Set a main...Break things down and finish small goals one by one.”可知此处指设定一个主要目标，使用可数名词goal“目标”的单数形式。故填goal。 37．句意：这可以让事情变得更容易，你也可以减少分心。根据“This can...things easier and you can be less distracted.”可知此处指让事情变得更容易，动词短语make...+adj.“让……变得……”，情态动词can后使用动词原形即可。故填make。 38．句意：此外，你可以关闭手机或保持静音。根据“Also, you can turn off your phone or keep it...”可知此处指手机保持静音，keep后使用形容词silent“安静的，无声的”。故填silent。 E 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 Have you ever heard of night schools? Night school classes were offered to people who were looking for jobs or further study in the 1980s. But 39 (自……以来) last autumn, they have become popular among young people seeking (寻求) new skills, hobbies and friends. And these classes 40 (花费) little or nothing. Yuan Li is a schoolteacher during the day, but in the evenings she b 41 a student at a night school in Wuhan. She is trying new hobbies with her 5-year-old son, i 42 art and jazz dancing. “I used to spend evenings watching my son play in the park or take classes. Now, we can e 43 new things together at the night school,” says the mother in her mid-30s. Wang Hehe, a girl aged 27, says she takes night school classes b 44 she wants to make new friends. “As I’m n 45 working nor studying, I spend most of my time alone. Here, I feel connected, and chatting with people with 46 (类似) hobbies is a lot of fun,” she says. Wang Zhongwu is a professor at Shandong University. He says education in China used to focus on children and old people, leaving young working adults with few 47 (机会) to continue learning. “The desire (渴望) of young people to improve 48 (他们自己) and make their cultural lives wonderful has lit up night school fever,” he says. 【答案】 39．since 40．cost 41．(b)ecomes 42．(i)ncluding 43．(e)njoy/(e)xperience 44．(b)ecause 45．(n)either 46．similar 47．chances 48．themselves 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪80年代的夜校如今又悄悄兴起，它为年轻的在职成年人提供了继续学习的机会。 39．句意：但自去年秋天以来，它们在寻求新技能、新爱好和新朋友的年轻人中很受欢迎。结合“they have become popular”和汉语提示可知，since“自……以来”，介词，后接时间用于现在完成时。故填since。 40．句意：而且这些课程收费很少，甚至不收费。结合“these classes … little or nothing”和汉语提示可知，此处考查sth. cost sb. money“某物花费某人多少钱”；cost“花费”，动词；句子时态为一般现在时，主语these classes为第三人称复数，谓语动词用原形。故填cost。 41．句意：袁莉白天是一名教师，但到了晚上，她就成了武汉一所夜校的学生。结合上文“Yuan Li is a schoolteacher during the day,”和首字母“b”可知，此处是指到了晚上，她成为一个学生；become“成为，变成”，动词；句子时态为一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词应用三单形式becomes。故填(b)ecomes。 42．句意：她和5岁的儿子正在尝试新的爱好，包括艺术和爵士舞。结合句意和首字母“i”可知，此处是指新的爱好包括艺术和爵士舞，include“包括”，动词；句中已经有了谓语动词，所以此处应用介词including“包括”。故填(i)ncluding。 43．句意：“现在，我们可以在夜校一起享受/体验新鲜事物，”这位35岁左右的母亲说。结合句意和首字母“e”可知，此处是指与儿子一起享受/体验新鲜事物；enjoy/experience“享受/体验”，动词；根据空前情态动词can可知，此处动词用原形。故填(e)njoy/(e)xperience。 44．句意：27岁的王贺贺说，她上夜校是因为她想交新朋友。结合句子结构和首字母“b”可知，“she wants to make new friends”是上夜校的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 45．句意：因为我既不工作也不学习，所以我大部分时间都是一个人度过的。结合“nor”和首字母“n”可知，此处考查neither…nor…“既不……也不……”，固定搭配。故填(n)either。 46．句意：她说：“在这里，我感觉自己和别人有了联系，和有相似爱好的人聊天很有趣。”结合句意和汉语提示可知，similar“相似的”，形容词，在句中作定语。故填similar。 47．句意：他说，中国过去的教育重点是儿童和老人，这使得年轻的在职成年人几乎没有机会继续学习。结合句意和汉语提示可知，chance“机会”，可数名词，根据空前few可知，此处应用名词复数形式chances。故填chances。 48．句意：他说：“年轻人提高自我、丰富文化生活的愿望点燃了夜校热。”结合句意和汉语提示可知，themselves“他们自己”，反身代词，在句中作宾语。故填themselves。 A （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Martin is a boy full of questions. He asks questions all day long and 1 (hope) to get the answers at once. One morning, he looked up at the sky 2 asked, “What makes the day? What makes the night? And how?” “The earth travels around the sun. It turns to face the sun to make the day and turns away from the sun to make the night,” said 3 (he) father. “Now please, will you go and play?” But the boy didn’t want 4 (play). He looked up, down, and all around, and said, “I can’t feel the earth turning. Why?” “The earth is so big. We’re too small to feel it turn.” Dad replied in a much 5 (loud) voice. “Now please, will you go and play 6 a moment?” Martin tried. He played with some 7 (toy), and then studied the pictures of the sun and the earth, but questions were still everywhere! At bedtime, while his mother 8 (tell) him a story. Martin couldn’t help asking. “ 9 can see the sun now?” “People on the other side of the earth,” Mom answered gently. “Hmm,” she thought, “maybe he will become 10 great scientist in the future.” Martin lay in his bed and kept on thinking about the sun, the earth, the moon and the stars. 【答案】 1．hopes 2．and 3．his 4．to play 5．louder 6．for 7．toys 8．was telling 9．Who 10．a 【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫Martin的男孩对世界充满好奇心，不断提出问题并渴望得到答案的故事。 1．句意：他整天问问题，并希望马上得到答案。根据“He asks questions all day long and ...”可知，时态为一般现在时，and表示并列关系，故此处应用hope的三单hopes，与asks一起作并列谓语。故填hopes。 2．句意：一天早晨，他仰望天空并问道。根据“One morning, he looked up at the sky ... asked”可知，空格前后是递进关系，应用and连接。故填and。 3．句意：“地球绕着太阳转。它转向面对太阳形成白天，转向背对太阳形成夜晚，”他的父亲说。修饰名词“father”应用he的形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填his。 4．句意：但男孩不想去玩。根据want to do sth.“想做某事”可知，此处应用不定式作宾语。故填to play。 5．句意：爸爸用更大的声音回答。根据“much”是比较级的修饰词可知，此处应用loud的比较级louder，表示“爸爸回答问题的声音更大了”，由此推知他对Martin不停地追问，有些不耐烦。故填louder。 6．句意：现在请你去玩一会儿好吗？for a moment“片刻，一会儿”，固定短语。故填for。 7．句意：他和一些玩具玩了一会，然后研究了太阳和地球的图片，但问题仍然无处不在！some后接名词复数，toy的复数为toys。故填toys。 8．句意：睡觉的时候，他妈妈正在给他讲故事。根据下文“couldn’t help”可知，时态为一般过去时；再根据“while his mother ... him a story.”可知，while从句通常用进行时态，故此处应用过去进行时，结构为was doing。故填was telling。 9．句意：现在谁能看见太阳？根据“People on the other side of the earth,”可知，此处是问谁能看到太阳，who“谁”，句首首字母大写。故填Who。 10．句意：也许他将来会成为一个伟大的科学家。根据“great scientist”可知，此处泛指一位伟大的科学家，且great以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。 B （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The world is changing very fast. Scientific technologies are now influencing a 11 every field of life. A scientist once said that success in developing scientific technologies would be one of the biggest events in human history, but he thought some of them might also be the last unless we learn to avoid the risks. For m 12   society, scientific technologies are amazing but humans may face a lot of challenges. Will humans be controlled by scientific technologies in the future? Some people say “Yes”. They think humans will be under control completely. I 13 computers are implanted (植入) inside brains, things will be much worse. With the d 14 of technologies, robots have taken the place of humans in some fields and it may make some people l 15 their jobs. What’s more, data centres need a large amount of energy to run. At the same time, it produces so much h 16 all the time that a great deal of water is used for cooling. All these may be the risks the scientist referred to. However, other people don’t a 17 . They are hopeful about the relationship between scientific technologies and humans. They say that scientific technologies have done much for us and made our daily lives much easier. They can free people from doing housework, writing articles or e 18 making films. For example, some technologies can change words into short videos easily and make it p 19 for some common people to be directors. Every coin has two sides. Rather than worrying about the risks of scientific technologies, we should learn to use them in a w 20 way and manage them well. 【答案】 11．(a)lmost 12．(m)odern 13．(I)f 14．(d)evelopment 15．(l)ose 16．(h)eat 17．(a)gree 18．(e)ven 19．(p)ossible 20．(w)ise 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学技术现在几乎影响着生活的各个领域，但人类可能面临很多挑战。凡事都有两面性，与其担心科学技术的风险，我们应该学会明智地使用它们并做好管理。 11．句意：科学技术现在几乎影响着生活的各个领域。根据“every field of life”可知科技几乎影响生活的各个领域，almost“几乎”。故填(a)lmost。 12．句意：对于现代社会来说，科学技术是惊人的，但人类可能面临很多挑战。根据“For...society”可知是对于现代社会，modern“现代的”。故填(m)odern。 13．句意：如果电脑被植入大脑，情况会更糟。前句是后句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填(I)f。 14．句意：随着技术的发展，机器人在某些领域已经取代了人类，这可能会让一些人失去工作。根据“of technologies”可知是随着科技的发展，with the development of“随着……的发展”。故填(d)evelopment。 15．句意：随着技术的发展，机器人在某些领域已经取代了人类，这可能会让一些人失去工作。根据“robots have taken the place of humans in some fields”可知机器人取代人类，一些人可能会失去工作，lose“失去”，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填(l)ose。 16．句意：与此同时，它总是产生大量的热量，以至于需要大量的水来冷却。根据“a great deal of water is used for cooling”可知需要冷却，可见产生了大量的热量，heat“热量”，不可数名词。故填(h)eat。 17．句意：然而，其他人并不同意。根据“However, other people don’t”可知转折词后表示其他人不同意上文的看法，agree“同意”，助动词don’t后加动词原形。故填(a)gree。 18．句意：它们可以让人们从做家务、写文章甚至拍电影中解放出来。根据“doing housework, writing articles or...making films”可知机器人可以做家务、写文章，甚至是拍电影，even“甚至”。故填(e)ven。 19．句意：例如，一些技术可以轻松地将文字转换为短视频，并使一些普通人成为导演。根据“or some common people to be directors.”可知科学技术可以让普通人成为导演变得可能，possible“可能的”。故填(p)ossible。 20．句意：与其担心科学技术的风险，我们应该学会明智地使用它们并做好管理。根据“we should learn to use them in a...way”可知我们要明智地使用科学技术，修饰名词用形容词wise“明智的”。故填(w)ise。 C （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词) 。 Most parents agree that children should eat healthy food. But how can they 21 (鼓励) their kids to eat healthily? Our research suggests it should begin by getting parents to do the same. We often see parents choose healthy food like 22 (牛奶) and eggs for their kids. As for themselves. they would prepare something unhealthy. Why? They are not 23 (确定) whether their kids would like to eat the healthy food. So, their own dishes can be a 24 (第二：另一) choice for their children. If kids eat from their parents’ dishes, both of them may have unhealthy diets. Luckily, we found a 25 (简单的) way: asking parents to think of their meals as their own, rather than as a choice for their children. To do the research, we worked with a school. The school 26 (计划) to help children eat more healthily. It provided a free 27 (晚餐) for 100 families. We noticed all the parents 28 (仔细地) chose a healthy meal for their children. Then before choosing for themselves, we asked 29 (一半) of them to think of their meal as “for you and only you!” The others were not asked to do that. The 30 (结果)? Many more parents from the first group chose healthy food for themselves! 【答案】 21．encourage 22．milk 23．sure/certain 24．second 25．simple 26．planned 27．dinner/supper 28．carefully 29．half 30．result/results 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何鼓励孩子健康饮食，研究表明，应该从让父母也健康饮食开始。 21．句意：但是，他们如何鼓励孩子健康饮食呢？鼓励：encourage，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填encourage。 22．句意：我们经常看到父母为孩子选择牛奶和鸡蛋等健康食品。牛奶：milk，不可数名词。故填milk。 23．句意：他们不确定自己的孩子是否喜欢吃健康的食物。作be动词的表语用形容词sure/certain“确定的”。故填sure/certain。 24．句意：因此，他们自己的菜肴可以成为孩子的第二选择。第二：second。故填second。 25．句意：幸运的是，我们找到了一个简单的方法。修饰名词way用形容词simple“简单的”。故填simple。 26．句意：学校计划帮助孩子们吃得更健康。计划：plan；根据“worked”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填planned。 27．句意：它为100个家庭提供了一顿免费晚餐。晚餐：dinner/supper，a后加可数名词单数。故填dinner/supper。 28．句意：我们注意到所有的父母都为孩子精心选择了一顿健康的饭菜。修饰动词chose用副词carefully“仔细地”。故填carefully。 29．句意：然后，在为自己选择之前，我们让其中一半的人把他们的饭看作是“给你的，只有你！”一半：half。故填half。 30．句意：结果？结果：result，此处可用名词单数，也可用名词复数。故填result(s)。 D （2024·四川巴中·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案写到答题卡上相应的位置。 Long long ago, a group of people lived together on an island. They were Love, Vanity (虚荣), Sadness and so on. One day, 31 island would sink (沉没). All the people got on their boats except 32 , so she decided to ask others for help. Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat. “Vanity, 33 you mind taking me with you?” Love asked. “I can’t help you.” Vanity answered. “Look, your clothes get all 34 . I do want to keep my boat dry. If you come, you must mess it.” Love then turned to Sadness and said. “Sadness, please let me get on your boat!” “Sorry. I am sad, 35 I need to be alone.” Sadness replied. When Love saw Happiness pass by, Love 36 tried to ask her for help. But she was so happy that she didn’t even stop to listen to what Love was saying. Suddenly, Love 37 an old man’s voice saying, “Come on, Love. I’ll take you away.” The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place. Love thanked him and said, “May I have your name, please? And 38 were you willing to help me?” “My name is Time,” the old man replied. “I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full 39 peace and pleasure. In my mind, everyone should help you without thinking 40 .” Hearing the old man’s words, Love was deeply moved. 【答案】 31．the/their 32．Love 33．would/do 34．wet 35．so/and 36．also/then 37．heard 38．why 39．of 40．twice/more 【导语】本文讲述了爱与其他情感住在岛上，当岛屿即将沉没时，爱向虚荣、悲伤和快乐求助却遭拒，最终得到时间的帮助逃离，因为时间理解爱的伟大。 31．句意：有一天，那个/他们的小岛要沉了。根据上文“Long long ago, a group of people lived together on an island.”可知，此处应用定冠词the特指那个小岛，也可用形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的”，修饰名词island。故填the/their。 32．句意：除了爱，所有人都上了船，所以她决定向他人求助。根据下文“Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat.”可知，爱没上船。故填Love。 33．句意：虚荣，你介意带上我跟你一起走吗？根据“you mind taking me with you?”可知，爱在询问虚荣是否会介意带上她，用would you mind或do you mind来提问。故填would/do。 34．句意：看，你的衣服都湿了。根据下文“I do want to keep my boat dry. If you come, you must mess it.”可知，虚荣不想爱弄湿自己的船，可见爱是湿的，wet“湿的”作表语。故填wet。 35．句意：我很悲伤，所以/并且我需要独处。前后两句存在因果关系，前因后果，用so连接，也可用and连接，表示前后的并列关系。故填so/and。 36．句意：当爱看见快乐经过，爱也向她寻求帮助。根据“tried to ask her for help”可知此处可用副词also或then表示“也，还”。故填also/then。 37．句意：突然，爱听见一个老人的声音说道：“过来，爱。我会带你离开。”根据“an old man’s voice saying”可知是听到声音，此处应用hear“听见”的过去式heard。故填heard。 38．句意：还有，你为何愿意帮我？根据下文“I understood how valuable you were”可知，时间老人告诉爱帮她的原因，可见此处应用why提问原因。故填why。 39．句意：我知道你有多宝贵——你让世界充满和平和欢乐。full of“充满”。故填of。 40．句意：在我看来，每个人都应该不假思索帮助你。根据“without thinking”可知此处应用without thinking twice或without thinking more表示“不假思索地”。故填twice/more。 E （2024·山东青岛·中考真题） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Kites are one of the oldest and simplest toys, which enjoy popularity all over the world. It is said 41 the kites were invented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban. The period saw many wars and kites 42 (play) an important role in scaring off enemies. Also, kites could 43 (使用)  for testing the wind, lifting men, communicating with others and so on. For example, people used to write their own names on the kite when they were unhappy or felt 44 (/wi: k/). By doing so, they believed that their bad luck would go with the kite. 45 an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular and were introduced from China to Japan, Korea and some western countries. A famous kite story 46 (be) about the American inventor Benjamin Franklin. He flew a kite during a thunderstorm. Electricity ran down the wet string and gave him 47 small shock, which showed lightning was electricity for the 48 (one) time. When Franklin tried it again, he was badly hurt. Believe it or not, do not try this dangerous action yourself! So far, people 49 (develop) kites of different sizes, shapes and colors. Some kites even have LED lights for fun light shows. 50 a sunny day, you can see many kites flying above parks and fields. Colorful kites and children’s smiling faces form a wonderful picture, which brings a new life to Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】 41．that 42．played 43．be used 44．weak 45．With 46．is 47．a 48．first 49．have developed 50．On 【导语】本文主要介绍了风筝的历史、用途和影响。 41．句意：据说风筝是战国早期由墨子和鲁班发明的。It is said that...“据说……”，固定句型。故填that。 42．句意：这一时期发生了许多战争，风筝在吓退敌人方面发挥了重要作用。根据“The period saw”可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填played。 43．句意：此外，风筝还可以用来测风、载人、与人交流等等。use“使用”；主语kites 和动词use之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据空前could可知，应用含情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：could be done。故填be used。 44．句意：例如，当人们不开心或感到虚弱时，他们会在风筝上写下自己的名字。根据音标可知，空处应是weak“虚弱的”，形容词作表语。故填weak。 45．句意：随着放风筝的人越来越多，风筝越来越受欢迎，并从中国传到日本、韩国和一些西方国家。根据“...an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular ”可知，此处指“随着风筝越来越多”，空处表示伴随，故应用介词with。故填With。 46．句意： 一个著名的风筝故事是关于美国发明家本杰明•富兰克林的。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般现在时表示客观事实。主语是“ A famous kite story”，故be用is。故填is。 47．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。空处表示泛指“一个电击”，且small以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 48．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。for the first time“第一次”，固定短语，first是one的序数词。故填first。 49．句意：到目前为止，人们已经开发了不同大小、形状和颜色的风筝。根据时间状语“ So far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done。主语是复数名词，所以助动词用have，故填have developed。 50．句意：在阳光明媚的日子里，你可以看到许多风筝在公园和田野上空飞翔。on a sunny day“在阳光明媚的日子里”， 指具体的某一天，用介词on。故填On。 A （2024·广东深圳·三模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rema Kabore from South Carolina suffers from cerebral palsy (脑瘫). She has just celebrated her 51 (fifty) birthday. It means a great deal to her. 52 Rema was a baby, she was so weak that doctors didn’t expect her to make it past the age of one.She 53 (have) lots of operations, but she was still unable to walk until the age of 13. Her mother Patricia said, “The reason why Rema is doing so well today is that she has received great kindness,care and support from others.” 54 that special day, a friend of the family organized a surprise party at a restaurant in Greenville. As soon as Rem a arrived, several people jumped out 55 (show) their support and have lunch with the family. “It was unbelievable. They were all there for me,” Rema said. The restaurant staff also tried their best to make her birthday unforgettable. One of the young 56 (man) who worked there played a piece of music for Rema with his saxophone (萨克斯管).The restaurant manager who had a beautiful voice sang a song to 57 (she). At the end of the party, the final thing that made the birthday perfect 58 (do) by a woman from a different group. She 59 (secret) paid for Rema’s birthday lunch! “None of us knows her name. I want to find her by posting her good deed on Facebook. She has made 60 big difference to my daughter’s life,” Patricia said. 【答案】 51．fiftieth 52．When 53．had 54．On 55．to show 56．men 57．her 58．was done 59．secretly 60．a 【导语】本文主要介绍了给Rema过50岁生日的相关事宜。 51．句意：她刚过了她的50岁生日。根据“her … birthday”结合提示词可知，此处应用序数词，表示第五十个生日，因此用fiftieth。故填fiftieth。 52．句意：当Rema还是个婴儿时，她非常虚弱，医生认为她活不过一岁。根据“… Rema was a baby, she was so weak that doctors didn’t expect her to make it past the age of one.”结合语境可知，此处应用when引导时间状语从句，表示当Rema是个婴儿时，句子开头首字母大写。故填When。 53．句意：她做了很多次手术，但直到13岁她才能走路。have operations“做手术”，根据后句中的“was”可知，该句为一般过去时，因此动词用过去式had。故填had。 54．句意：在那个特殊的日子里，这个家庭的一个朋友在格林维尔的一家餐馆组织了一场惊喜派对。根据“that special day”可知，具体某一天前用介词on，句首首字母大写。故填On。 55．句意：Rema一到达，就有几个人跳出来表示支持，并与这家人共进午餐。根据“several people jumped out … their support”结合提示词可知，此处表示几个人跳出来表示支持，应用不定式表示目的。故填to show。 56．句意：在那里工作的一个年轻人用他的萨克斯管为Rema演奏了一首曲子。根据“One of the young …”结合提示词可知，one of the+可数名词复数形式，表示“……之一”，man“人”，复数形式为men。故填men。 57．句意：那位嗓音优美的餐厅经理给她唱了一首歌。根据“to”结合提示词可知，介词后应用人称宾格形式，she“她”，人称代词主格，其宾格为her。故填her。 58．句意：派对结束时，让生日变得完美的最后一件事是由另一组的一位女士完成的。根据“by”可知，此处应用被动语态，结合“made”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语the final thing为单数形式，因此用was，do的过去分词形式为done。故填was done。 59．句意：她偷偷为Rema的生日午餐买单！根据“She … paid for”结合提示词可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，因此用secretly“秘密地，偷偷地”。故填secretly。 60．句意：她对我女儿的生活有一个很重要的影响。根据“made … big difference”可知，make a difference to“对……产生影响”，固定短语。故填a。 B （2024·江苏南京·二模） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Carrie and her family were on their way to the big baseball game to celebrate Carrie’s birthday. The traffic was heavy, s 61 it took them an hour to get to the stadium. After her dad parked the car, the whole family went into the stadium. They showed their t 62 at the gate and then found their seats. Carrie’s mom and dad had got good seats, so they could see e 63 on the field. When they sat down, Carrie thought of something. “I forgot to get a score card! Can I go get one now?” “I’ll go with you,” said Carrie’s mother. Just as Carrie and her mother r 64 to their seats, the game started. The two teams played well. Both teams soon scored several home runs. Carrie watched everything and kept score on her card. At the end of the fourth inning, the score was tied. “This is a good game, ”Carrie said.  “The score’s even(相同的), and both teams are playing really w 65 .” Carrie’s dad said, “Games like this are exciting’ because you can’t be s 66 who’s going to win.” The seventh-inning stretch came. Carrie decided that it would be a good time to choose a souvenir. Carrie and her dad went to one of the T-shirt stands to pick out a shirt for Carrie. Her mom and Scott, Carrie’s little brother, went to get s 67 and drinks. Everyone got back to their seats in time for the rest of the game. When the game started again, Carrie couldn’t take her eyes off the action. She kept careful score for the rest of the game. Everyone c 68 loudly when the home team scored the winning run. What a great game! As Carrie and her family left the stadium, Carrie saw some of the players. Dad saw them, too, and whispered something to Mom. Then, he asked Carrie to borrow her new T-shirt. Carrie wondered w 69 was going on, but she gave him her shirt. Then, Dad took it over to the players. Suddenly, Carrie u 70 what Dad was doing. He was getting the players to sign her shirt! When Dad got back with the shirt, Carrie hugged him and said, “This is the most amazing present I ever had!” 【答案】 61．(s)o 62．(t)ickets 63．(e)verything 64．(r)eturned 65．(w)ell 66．(s)ure 67．(s)nacks 68．(c)heered 69．(w)hat 70．(u)nderstood 【导语】本文讲述了卡丽与家人去看棒球比赛庆祝生日的经历。 61．句意：交通很拥挤，所以他们花了一个小时才到达体育场。根据首字母提示词“s”和前后句是因果关系，前因后果，所以该空要填“so所以”。故填(s)o。 62．句意：他们在大门口出示了票，然后找到了座位。根据首字母提示词“t”和“They showed their...at the gate”可知，这里是出示票，所以要填复数名词“tickets票”，作宾语。故填(t)ickets。 63．句意：卡丽的妈妈和爸爸的座位很好，所以他们可以看到球场上的一切。根据首字母提示词“e”和“so they could see...on the field”可知，这里是指他们可以看到球场上的一切，所以要填一个复合不定代词“everything每件事物”，作宾语。故填(e)verything。 64．句意：卡丽和母亲刚回到座位上，比赛就开始了。根据首字母提示词“r”和“...to their seats”可知，这里是指返回座位，结合语境可知，该文的时态是一般过去时，所以该空要填一个过去式“returned返回”，作谓语。故填(r)eturned。 65．句意：比分相同，而且两队都打得很好。根据首字母提示词“w”和“both teams are playing really...”可知，这里是指很好，所以此处用“well好地”，作状语。故填(w)ell。 66．句意：卡丽的爸爸说：“这样的比赛很刺激，因为你无法确定谁会赢。”结合首字母提示词“s”和“because you can’t...who’s going to win.”可知，该处是指无法确定谁会赢，所以要填一个形容词“sure确信的”，作表语。故填(s)ure。 67．句意：她的妈妈和她的弟弟斯科特去买零食和饮料。根据首字母提示词“s”和“get...and drinks”可知，这里是指买零食和饮料，所以要填一个复数名词“snacks零食”，作宾语。故填(s)nacks。 68．句意：当主队取得胜利时，每个人都大声欢呼起来。根据首字母提示词“c”和“Everyone...loudly when the home team scored the winning run”可知，这里是指欢呼，结合语境可知，该文的时态是一般过去时，所以该空要填一个过去式“cheered欢呼”，作谓语。故填(c)heered。 69．句意：卡丽不知道发生了什么事，但她把自己的衬衫给了他。根据首字母提示词“w”和“Carrie wondered...was going on”可知，这里是发生什么事，所以要填关系词“what什么”，引导宾语从句。故填(w)hat。 70．句意：突然，卡丽明白了爸爸在做什么。根据首字母提示词“u”和“Carrie...what Dad was doing.”可知，这里是指明白了爸爸在做什么。结合语境可知，该文的时态是一般过去时，所以该空要填一个过去式“understood明白”，作谓语。故填(u)nderstood。 C （2024·浙江宁波·三模） 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles (贵族) wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to 71 (节约) money. It was true Gulliyer was very expensive, 72 (迅速地), he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea 73 (之间) Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu 74 (他自己) came out to meet Gulliver. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as long as you like.” 75 (散步) on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat, but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue (营救) the boat? This could be my chance to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ships. With the ships pulling and Gulliver pushing, the boat was 76 (带) safely to bank. Gulliver and the 77 (国王) men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will 78 (相信) my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “It is 79 (不可能的) for me to allow that,” said the king. “But you may take some cows and a sheep.” He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I have 80 (理解) why you have to go.” “Thank you,” said Galliver. “I’ll nevet forget you all.” 【答案】 71．save 72．Quickly 73．between 74．himself 75．Walking 76．brought 77．king’s 78．believe 79．impossible 80．understood 【导语】本文摘自《格列佛游记》。主要讲述小人国Lilliput的人准备除掉格列佛，格列佛听到风声，逃到另一个小人国Blefuscu国，最终平安回家的故事。 71．句意：甚至连利力浦特的皇帝都想少给他一些食物以节省钱。save“节约”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填save。 72．句意：迅速地，他给皇帝写了一封信。quickly“迅速地”，副词修饰整个句子，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Quickly。 73．句意：然后他急忙跑到利力浦特和不来夫斯古之间的海边。between ... and“两者之间”。故填between。 74．句意：不来夫斯古国王亲自出来迎接格列佛。himself“他自己”，反身代词。故填himself。 75．句意：一周后，在海滩上散步时，格列佛看见海面上有一艘小船，但却是一艘全尺寸的船。walk“散步”，空处用现在分词作状语，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Walking。 76．句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推力，船被安全地带到了岸边。bring“带”，此处用过去分词brought与was一起构成一般过去时的被动结构。故填brought。 77．句意：格列佛和国王的手下开始修理船，准备回家的长途旅行。king“国王”，此处修饰名词men，用名词所有格形式。故填king’s。 78．句意：但是家里没有人相信我的故事。believe“相信”，will后跟动词原形。故填believe。 79．句意：我不可能允许这样做。impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语。故填impossible。 80．句意：但是我理解你为什么要走。understand“理解”，此处用过去分词与have一起构成现在完成时结构。故填understood。 D （2024·河南郑州·一模） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词。 The first Youth Peking Opera Performers Convention has been airing on TV 81 online since Nov, 9. It offers young watchers a chance to get close to this traditional art form and learn about its art. Thanks to new technology such as 5G, 4K and AI, Peking Opera moves from traditional theaters to both small and big screens. The program provides a stage 82 the new generation of Peking Opera performers to show their talents. Li Jia, a young performer from a theater, says she 83 decided to pass on this art. “ 84 attracts me most is the story behind each opera,” she said. “The operas often have different stories, but usually share 85 same theme—wars and heroes.” 【答案】81．and 82．for 83．has 84．What 85．the 【导语】本文介绍了凭借5G、4K和AI等新技术，京剧这一艺术形式从传统剧院带到了大小屏幕上，表演者多年来的辛勤练习让年轻的观众们受到鼓舞。 81．句意：首届青年京剧演员大会于11月9日在电视和网络上播出。此空需要填入连接词，“on TV” 和 “online” 表示并列，应用连接词and“和”。 故填and。 82．句意：该节目为新一代京剧演员展示才华提供了舞台。 根据“The program provides a stage…the new generation”可知，考查provide sth for“为……提供”，是固定搭配，故填for。 83．句意：李佳，一位来自剧院的年轻演员，说她已经决定传承这门艺术。根据“...decided to pass on this art.”以及语境，此处应该用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为she，助动词用has，故填has。 84．句意：“最吸引我的是每部歌剧背后的故事，”她说。根据“...attracts me most is the story behind each opera”可知，此处表示“什么吸引了我”，what“什么”符合题意。  故填What。 85．句意：这些歌剧通常有不同的故事，但通常有相同的主题——战争和英雄。the same意为“相同的”。故填the。 E （2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·三模） July 7th is the second day of summer vacation. It was very hot that day. Ma Dongdong 86   (decide) to go swimming with his friend in a sea. The sea is in front of his house. His mother warned him to be careful of sharks. But when he entered the water, he didn’t realize a shark was swimming 87 /təˈwɔːdz/ him. Just then, his mother who was sightseeing on the beach was seeing a big animal 88 (get) closer and closer to her son. She 89 (run) to the sea, shouting as hard as possible to her son. When Ma Dongdong heard her 90 (声音), he swam to his mother as fast as he could. It was too 91 (early). He happened to be caught by the shark. Ma Dongdong a 92 reached his mother. His mother held him by her arm as the shark bit his legs. The shark was much 93 (strong) than his mother. But his mother would never give up. Luckily, a visitor happened to go by, heard their calling for 94 . He shot the shark. Ma Dongdong was saved. After that, Ma Dongdong said to the 95 (report), “First of all, I thank this uncle for saving my life. Secondly, I love my mother. She never let me go when I was in danger.” 【答案】 86．decided 87．towards 88．getting 89．ran 90．voice 91．late 92．(a)lso 93．stronger 94．help 95．reporter 【导语】本文讲述了一个男孩马冬冬在暑假期间和朋友去海边游泳时，遭遇鲨鱼袭击，其母亲奋不顾身前去救援，最终在一位游客的帮助下脱险的故事。 86．句意：马冬冬决定和他的朋友去海里游泳。根据前句可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填decided。 87．句意：但当他进入水中时，他没有意识到有一条鲨鱼正朝着他游过来。根据音标可知，此处为towards“朝”，故填towards。 88．句意：就在这时，他正在海滩上观光的妈妈看到一只大动物靠近她的儿子。此处表示正在发生的事情，应用短语see sb doing sth“看到某人在做某事”，故填getting。 89．句意：她跑向大海，尽可能地大声喊着提醒她的儿子。句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填ran。 90．句意：当马冬冬听到她的声音时，他尽快游向他的妈妈。voice“声音”，此处是指马冬冬妈妈的声音，应用单数，故填voice。 91．句意：太迟了。根据“ He happened to be caught by the shark”可知，马冬冬碰巧被鲨鱼抓住了，所以想赶回去已经太迟了，应用early的反义词late。故填late。 92．句意：马冬冬也够到了他的妈妈。根据“ He happened to be caught by the shark. Ma Dongdong a...reached his mother”可知，马冬冬碰巧被鲨鱼抓住了，此时他也抓住了妈妈，所以应用副词also。故填(a)lso。 93．句意：鲨鱼比他妈妈强壮得多，但他妈妈绝不会放弃。much修饰比较级形式。故填stronger。 94．句意：听到了他们的呼救。他开枪打中了鲨鱼，马东东得救了。根据“ Luckily, a visitor happened to go by, heard their calling for...”可知，他们在呼救，应用call for help。故填help。 95．句意：马冬冬对记者说：“首先，感谢这位大叔救了我的命。其次，我爱我的妈妈。在危险中，她从未放弃我。”根据“After that, Ma Dongdong said to the”可知，是指对记者说，应用名词reporter。故填reporter。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点37 短文填空 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲 短文填空是中考的常考题型，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、语言表达能力以及基础语法知识的掌握情况。所谓阅读理解能力，即要求学生结合上下文推测出所填单词；而语言表达能力指根据基础语法规则拼写出正确答案。 短文填空的文章多以记叙文和议论文为主，涉及校园生活、情感故事、健康生活、教育引导、文化交流等贴近学生生活的话题。题目一般设置10个空，每空一词。主要有考查形式：提示填空和理解填空。 提示填空分为：用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空、根据首字母提示填空和根据中文提示填空三种情况。 理解填空需要学生根据上下文推测或固定搭配确定答案。除掌握基础语法知识、阅读理解能力和书面表达能力外，掌握相应的答题步骤和答题技巧能够有效提高答题能力。 一、通读全文，了解大意。 通读全文后，需要大概掌握文章体裁、时态、段落结构等，同时要关注文章的标题、首尾段以及文章配图。文章配图往往会帮助理解文章中的重要词汇。注：此时不必在细节上花费时间。 二、结合语法，逐句分析。 根据句意及所给的提示，确定句意。可以依据复现词(含原形、近义词或反义词)、句子间的逻辑关系(前后句、首尾句等)、固定搭配(需要平时积累)等来辅助判断。确定后，再细读句子，分析句子结构及语法规则，将所填单词的正确形式填入空中。 三、复读全文，检查答案。 在填写完全部答案后，需要再次通读全文，检查文章内容是否通顺、语义是否连贯、逻辑是否合理，如有不合适的地方则根据文章整体内容进行调整。此时，应重点检查所填单词的形式、语法及单词拼写，例如：首字母大写、名词的单复数及所有格、动词的时态语态，形客词副词的级、各种词性的转化等。确认后，将最终答案填写到答题纸上。 A 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was successfully launched at 8:59 pm 1 April 25th, 2024 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. It sent three astronauts as well as nearly a hundred experimental (实验的) 2 (project) to the Tiangong space station. 3 three astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. Ye, from the second batch (批) of Chinese astronauts, was a member of the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves as the mission commander (指令长). Li Cong and Li Guangsu, from the 4 (three) batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. All three were born in the 1980s. One of the 5 (big) highlights of this trip is the adventure of the very first fish, which has been called by Chinese people as “the fourth member of Shenzhou-18”. The fish will be used for aquatic ecological (水生生态的) research project. The astronauts 6 (spend) about six months on the space station. During 7 (they) stay, they will manage and care for the space station to make sure it is safe and working 8 (good). They will carry out a record numbers: more than 90 experiments, including microgravity (微重力) basic physics, space materials science, space life science, aerospace (航天的) medicine, 9 aerospace technology. And, they will conduct science popularization (普及) activities. They will also welcome the Tianzhou-8 cargo ship and the Shenzhou-19 astronauts. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned 10 (return) to the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in late October this year. B In the recently passed winter holiday, the nickname “southern potatoes” has been popular across the whole country, almost everyone knows them t 11 news, TVs or other social medias. Harbin, located in northeastern China, is e 12 famous for its cold winter and fantastic ice sculptures. Over the past winter holiday, the city has turned i 13 into one of the most favorite tourist places to go in China. A 14 to He Jing, the director of the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, Harbin’s tourism boom (旅游繁荣) this year is not just a coincidence (巧合) , but the r 15 of years of careful preparation. Since the beginning of 2023, the city has been developing plans to improve the tourism industry.“We take immediate action w 16 the visitors complain about because we would like to stand in the shoes of visitors and make Harbin a better place to visit. To help visitors w 17 are not used to cold weather, we have set up many heated places for them to change clothes. Local specially frozen pears are even c 18 into small pieces. We just want to impress visitors with all the small details, m 19 them feel comfortable and welcomed,” He Jing says. Harbin has set an e 20 to show the unique beauty and warm hospitality (好客) to the visitors. I think every city in China is willing to do the same to make people around the world to experience the real beauty and warm hospitality of China. C 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。(每空一词) Hangzhou hosted the 19th Asian Games successfully. The Games are 21 (把……视为) very “smart” with the use of technology. Let’s have a look! Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe. Even though a “stranger” goes into the kitchen 22 (直接), an alarm will go off, because there is a special system that can recognize people’s faces. Some 23 (经理) of the kitchen will also get messages anywhere. What if the athletes need help 24 (在……期间) the game? Drones (无人驾驶飞机) can be used. They can 25 (飞行) as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second. Medicine, blood and other 26 (每日) things can be sent to people quickly. Want to walk around at the stadiums? One of the 27 (最小) programs is here to help. You can see 28 (它的) size from the outside and the inside. When watching games, it’s common to “be lost”. Just turn on your phone’s camera and you will find your 29 (地方) through the AR service. 30 (而且), you can get more information about the stadiums as you walk by. D 根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 You know you really want to get good grades. At the same time, your parents have put the pressure on you, or you promised yourself you would do 31 than before. But you keep getting distracted (分心的) and can’t focus on study! Here are some tips that help you be focused! Don’t pay attention 32 the specific distractions (使人分心的事). For example, you’re trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting. Take down this distraction, then tell yourself to overcome 33 . Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up, and eventually you will no longer notice it. Give yourself a break from worry. Life can be really busy, 34 it’s OK if you think of other things while studying. You can 35 5 minutes thinking about everything that’s on your plate, but then tell yourself it’s time to focus on the main task for now: studying. Set a main 36 . When you are about to take an exam, it’s easy to think you need to study everything. Break things down and finish small goals one by one. This can 37 things easier and you can be less distracted. Go offline. Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused. Try keeping your phone in another room while you’re studying. Also, you can turn off your phone or keep it 38 . E 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 Have you ever heard of night schools? Night school classes were offered to people who were looking for jobs or further study in the 1980s. But 39 (自……以来) last autumn, they have become popular among young people seeking (寻求) new skills, hobbies and friends. And these classes 40 (花费) little or nothing. Yuan Li is a schoolteacher during the day, but in the evenings she b 41 a student at a night school in Wuhan. She is trying new hobbies with her 5-year-old son, i 42 art and jazz dancing. “I used to spend evenings watching my son play in the park or take classes. Now, we can e 43 new things together at the night school,” says the mother in her mid-30s. Wang Hehe, a girl aged 27, says she takes night school classes b 44 she wants to make new friends. “As I’m n 45 working nor studying, I spend most of my time alone. Here, I feel connected, and chatting with people with 46 (类似) hobbies is a lot of fun,” she says. Wang Zhongwu is a professor at Shandong University. He says education in China used to focus on children and old people, leaving young working adults with few 47 (机会) to continue learning. “The desire (渴望) of young people to improve 48 (他们自己) and make their cultural lives wonderful has lit up night school fever,” he says. A （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Martin is a boy full of questions. He asks questions all day long and 1 (hope) to get the answers at once. One morning, he looked up at the sky 2 asked, “What makes the day? What makes the night? And how?” “The earth travels around the sun. It turns to face the sun to make the day and turns away from the sun to make the night,” said 3 (he) father. “Now please, will you go and play?” But the boy didn’t want 4 (play). He looked up, down, and all around, and said, “I can’t feel the earth turning. Why?” “The earth is so big. We’re too small to feel it turn.” Dad replied in a much 5 (loud) voice. “Now please, will you go and play 6 a moment?” Martin tried. He played with some 7 (toy), and then studied the pictures of the sun and the earth, but questions were still everywhere! At bedtime, while his mother 8 (tell) him a story. Martin couldn’t help asking. “ 9 can see the sun now?” “People on the other side of the earth,” Mom answered gently. “Hmm,” she thought, “maybe he will become 10 great scientist in the future.” Martin lay in his bed and kept on thinking about the sun, the earth, the moon and the stars. B （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The world is changing very fast. Scientific technologies are now influencing a 11 every field of life. A scientist once said that success in developing scientific technologies would be one of the biggest events in human history, but he thought some of them might also be the last unless we learn to avoid the risks. For m 12   society, scientific technologies are amazing but humans may face a lot of challenges. Will humans be controlled by scientific technologies in the future? Some people say “Yes”. They think humans will be under control completely. I 13 computers are implanted (植入) inside brains, things will be much worse. With the d 14 of technologies, robots have taken the place of humans in some fields and it may make some people l 15 their jobs. What’s more, data centres need a large amount of energy to run. At the same time, it produces so much h 16 all the time that a great deal of water is used for cooling. All these may be the risks the scientist referred to. However, other people don’t a 17 . They are hopeful about the relationship between scientific technologies and humans. They say that scientific technologies have done much for us and made our daily lives much easier. They can free people from doing housework, writing articles or e 18 making films. For example, some technologies can change words into short videos easily and make it p 19 for some common people to be directors. Every coin has two sides. Rather than worrying about the risks of scientific technologies, we should learn to use them in a w 20 way and manage them well. C （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词) 。 Most parents agree that children should eat healthy food. But how can they 21 (鼓励) their kids to eat healthily? Our research suggests it should begin by getting parents to do the same. We often see parents choose healthy food like 22 (牛奶) and eggs for their kids. As for themselves. they would prepare something unhealthy. Why? They are not 23 (确定) whether their kids would like to eat the healthy food. So, their own dishes can be a 24 (第二：另一) choice for their children. If kids eat from their parents’ dishes, both of them may have unhealthy diets. Luckily, we found a 25 (简单的) way: asking parents to think of their meals as their own, rather than as a choice for their children. To do the research, we worked with a school. The school 26 (计划) to help children eat more healthily. It provided a free 27 (晚餐) for 100 families. We noticed all the parents 28 (仔细地) chose a healthy meal for their children. Then before choosing for themselves, we asked 29 (一半) of them to think of their meal as “for you and only you!” The others were not asked to do that. The 30 (结果)? Many more parents from the first group chose healthy food for themselves! D （2024·四川巴中·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案写到答题卡上相应的位置。 Long long ago, a group of people lived together on an island. They were Love, Vanity (虚荣), Sadness and so on. One day, 31 island would sink (沉没). All the people got on their boats except 32 , so she decided to ask others for help. Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat. “Vanity, 33 you mind taking me with you?” Love asked. “I can’t help you.” Vanity answered. “Look, your clothes get all 34 . I do want to keep my boat dry. If you come, you must mess it.” Love then turned to Sadness and said. “Sadness, please let me get on your boat!” “Sorry. I am sad, 35 I need to be alone.” Sadness replied. When Love saw Happiness pass by, Love 36 tried to ask her for help. But she was so happy that she didn’t even stop to listen to what Love was saying. Suddenly, Love 37 an old man’s voice saying, “Come on, Love. I’ll take you away.” The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place. Love thanked him and said, “May I have your name, please? And 38 were you willing to help me?” “My name is Time,” the old man replied. “I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full 39 peace and pleasure. In my mind, everyone should help you without thinking 40 .” Hearing the old man’s words, Love was deeply moved. E （2024·山东青岛·中考真题） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Kites are one of the oldest and simplest toys, which enjoy popularity all over the world. It is said 41 the kites were invented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban. The period saw many wars and kites 42 (play) an important role in scaring off enemies. Also, kites could 43 (使用)  for testing the wind, lifting men, communicating with others and so on. For example, people used to write their own names on the kite when they were unhappy or felt 44 (/wi: k/). By doing so, they believed that their bad luck would go with the kite. 45 an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular and were introduced from China to Japan, Korea and some western countries. A famous kite story 46 (be) about the American inventor Benjamin Franklin. He flew a kite during a thunderstorm. Electricity ran down the wet string and gave him 47 small shock, which showed lightning was electricity for the 48 (one) time. When Franklin tried it again, he was badly hurt. Believe it or not, do not try this dangerous action yourself! So far, people 49 (develop) kites of different sizes, shapes and colors. Some kites even have LED lights for fun light shows. 50 a sunny day, you can see many kites flying above parks and fields. Colorful kites and children’s smiling faces form a wonderful picture, which brings a new life to Chinese traditional culture. A （2024·广东深圳·三模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rema Kabore from South Carolina suffers from cerebral palsy (脑瘫). She has just celebrated her 51 (fifty) birthday. It means a great deal to her. 52 Rema was a baby, she was so weak that doctors didn’t expect her to make it past the age of one.She 53 (have) lots of operations, but she was still unable to walk until the age of 13. Her mother Patricia said, “The reason why Rema is doing so well today is that she has received great kindness,care and support from others.” 54 that special day, a friend of the family organized a surprise party at a restaurant in Greenville. As soon as Rem a arrived, several people jumped out 55 (show) their support and have lunch with the family. “It was unbelievable. They were all there for me,” Rema said. The restaurant staff also tried their best to make her birthday unforgettable. One of the young 56 (man) who worked there played a piece of music for Rema with his saxophone (萨克斯管).The restaurant manager who had a beautiful voice sang a song to 57 (she). At the end of the party, the final thing that made the birthday perfect 58 (do) by a woman from a different group. She 59 (secret) paid for Rema’s birthday lunch! “None of us knows her name. I want to find her by posting her good deed on Facebook. She has made 60 big difference to my daughter’s life,” Patricia said. B （2024·江苏南京·二模） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Carrie and her family were on their way to the big baseball game to celebrate Carrie’s birthday. The traffic was heavy, s 61 it took them an hour to get to the stadium. After her dad parked the car, the whole family went into the stadium. They showed their t 62 at the gate and then found their seats. Carrie’s mom and dad had got good seats, so they could see e 63 on the field. When they sat down, Carrie thought of something. “I forgot to get a score card! Can I go get one now?” “I’ll go with you,” said Carrie’s mother. Just as Carrie and her mother r 64 to their seats, the game started. The two teams played well. Both teams soon scored several home runs. Carrie watched everything and kept score on her card. At the end of the fourth inning, the score was tied. “This is a good game, ”Carrie said.  “The score’s even(相同的), and both teams are playing really w 65 .” Carrie’s dad said, “Games like this are exciting’ because you can’t be s 66 who’s going to win.” The seventh-inning stretch came. Carrie decided that it would be a good time to choose a souvenir. Carrie and her dad went to one of the T-shirt stands to pick out a shirt for Carrie. Her mom and Scott, Carrie’s little brother, went to get s 67 and drinks. Everyone got back to their seats in time for the rest of the game. When the game started again, Carrie couldn’t take her eyes off the action. She kept careful score for the rest of the game. Everyone c 68 loudly when the home team scored the winning run. What a great game! As Carrie and her family left the stadium, Carrie saw some of the players. Dad saw them, too, and whispered something to Mom. Then, he asked Carrie to borrow her new T-shirt. Carrie wondered w 69 was going on, but she gave him her shirt. Then, Dad took it over to the players. Suddenly, Carrie u 70 what Dad was doing. He was getting the players to sign her shirt! When Dad got back with the shirt, Carrie hugged him and said, “This is the most amazing present I ever had!” C （2024·浙江宁波·三模） 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。 Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles (贵族) wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to 71 (节约) money. It was true Gulliyer was very expensive, 72 (迅速地), he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea 73 (之间) Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu 74 (他自己) came out to meet Gulliver. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as long as you like.” 75 (散步) on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat, but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue (营救) the boat? This could be my chance to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ships. With the ships pulling and Gulliver pushing, the boat was 76 (带) safely to bank. Gulliver and the 77 (国王) men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will 78 (相信) my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “It is 79 (不可能的) for me to allow that,” said the king. “But you may take some cows and a sheep.” He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I have 80 (理解) why you have to go.” “Thank you,” said Galliver. “I’ll nevet forget you all.” D （2024·河南郑州·一模） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词。 The first Youth Peking Opera Performers Convention has been airing on TV 81 online since Nov, 9. It offers young watchers a chance to get close to this traditional art form and learn about its art. Thanks to new technology such as 5G, 4K and AI, Peking Opera moves from traditional theaters to both small and big screens. The program provides a stage 82 the new generation of Peking Opera performers to show their talents. Li Jia, a young performer from a theater, says she 83 decided to pass on this art. “ 84 attracts me most is the story behind each opera,” she said. “The operas often have different stories, but usually share 85 same theme—wars and heroes.” E （2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·三模） July 7th is the second day of summer vacation. It was very hot that day. Ma Dongdong 86   (decide) to go swimming with his friend in a sea. The sea is in front of his house. His mother warned him to be careful of sharks. But when he entered the water, he didn’t realize a shark was swimming 87 /təˈwɔːdz/ him. Just then, his mother who was sightseeing on the beach was seeing a big animal 88 (get) closer and closer to her son. She 89 (run) to the sea, shouting as hard as possible to her son. When Ma Dongdong heard her 90 (声音), he swam to his mother as fast as he could. It was too 91 (early). He happened to be caught by the shark. Ma Dongdong a 92 reached his mother. His mother held him by her arm as the shark bit his legs. The shark was much 93 (strong) than his mother. But his mother would never give up. Luckily, a visitor happened to go by, heard their calling for 94 . He shot the shark. Ma Dongdong was saved. After that, Ma Dongdong said to the 95 (report), “First of all, I thank this uncle for saving my life. Secondly, I love my mother. She never let me go when I was in danger.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$