【春考特训课】第06讲：语法知识之连词和并列复合句---【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（江苏专用）

第06讲 语法知识之连词和并列复合句 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 从最近几年的高考真题可以看出，对连词的考查，重点是要求考生判断并列连词连接的前后两个分句在语意上是并列、递进、选择还是转折关系等，从而选择正确的并列连词。未来高考对于并列连词的考查范围可能会进一步扩大，命题者可能会选择其他较为少用的并列连词作为考查点。并列句考察考生对语意关系的把握，因此理解语境下的句意是找到适当连词的关键。 【要点梳理】 考点一：并列连词 · 简单连词 并列连词 用法 例句 and 表并列或顺承关系 He came into the classroom and put his schoolbag on the desk. 用于“祈使句，and +陈述句”结构 Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes. or 意为“或者”，表示任选其一 Do you want to go the zoo or the museum? 意为“否则”，用于“祈使句，or +陈述句”结构 Please be quick, or we will miss the last bus. so 表示因果关系 It’s raining heavily now, so we have to put off the P.E class. for 表示原因，及附带理由 I must be off now, for it is getting late. but “但是”，表转折关系 Nearly every kid hates exams, but they’re necessary. They help to check if kids have learned the specific knowledge. · 并列连词短语 连词短语 意义用法 例句 neither--nor- 既不--也不,谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Neither he nor his children like fish. either--or-- 或者--或者--，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Either you or he is wrong. both--and-- 两者都，谓语动词用复数形式 Both she and I are good at English. not only-- but also 不但--而且-，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Not only you but also he wants to buy the book. 注意：neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则；both...and连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 · 各类并列连词 用法 连词 例句 表并列、递进或顺承关系　　 and, both... and..., neither... nor...， not only... but also...， as well as During the first three years, children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school. 在前3年，孩子们学会了以后在家里和在学校学习中所需要用的基本技能。 表转折关系 but,yet,nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone. 我们要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。 表选择关系 either... or...， not... but..., or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。 表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首), so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。 and与or用并列句 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。 祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折 表对比 while强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art. 我喜欢英语而我的妹妹热爱艺术。 · 常用句型 1.not only… but (also)…  不仅……而且…… Not only is he a teacher, but he is (also) a poet. 2.either… or…  或者……或者……；不是……就是…… Either she goes or I go.  3.neither… nor…  既不……也不…… Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. 4.… while/whereas ……而；……却 Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones lead to the opposite. 5.并列连词when构成的句型 (1)sb. is doing… when…  某人正在做……这时/突然…… I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help. (2)sb. is about to do/on the point of doing… when…  某人正要做……这时/突然…… I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. She was on the point of leaving when I arrived. (3)sb. had (just) done… when…  某人刚刚做……就…… She had just laid down when the telephone rang.   6.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 Stick to your principles, and  you will win through. Seize the chance, or you'll regret. 考点二：从属连词 · 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 从属连词 用法 例句 when 当…时候 引导的从句中，谓语动词可以是短暂性动词也可以是延续性动词 It was raining when he came out of the office. while 当…时候 引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Don't make any noise while others are reading in the library. before 在…之前 “在……之前”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之后 She reached the train station before he called her yesterday. after 在…之后 “在……之后”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之前 He turned off the light and went to bed after he cleaned the room. until 直到 常用在“not...until...”结构中，表示“直到……才……” Nancy didn't appear until it was ten o'clock last night. as 一边…一边 表示一件事情在发生，另一件事情也在同时发生 The students took notes as they listened to the radio in English class. as soon as 一…就… 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生 I'll write a letter to you as soon as I get to America. since 自从 从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 The girl who can speak English smoothly has lived in London since she was five years old. once 一旦 表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生 Once they find people in trouble, they are eager to help them without payment. · 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 连词 用法 例句 if 如果 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。 1.If he has time tomorrow, he will come to the meeting. 2.None can succeed if he doesn’t work hard. unless 除非，如果不 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。。 unless可转化成if--not 结构。 1. He won’t finish the work unless he works hard. 2. If it doesn’t rain, go for a picnic. as long as 只要 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现。 You can take any book as long as you like. · 引导让步状语从句的从属连词 连词 含义 用法 though 虽然 引导让步状语从句时，这些词不能与but连用。 although 尽管 even though(if) 即使 · 引导原因状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 例句 because 表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句，其从句的位置通常在主句的后面。 He has to leave because it is too late. 因为太晚了，他不得不走。 since since语气比as稍强，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一种已知的或非常显然的理由，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。 Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家到齐了，我们就出发吧！ as as是从属连词，表示原因时，语气最弱，所说的原因比较明显或是已知的事实，它引导的从句一般位于主句之前。 We all like her as she is kind. 我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。 for 是并列连词,表明附加或推断的理由,常用于口语中,意为“因为”。for连接的句子不用于句首,并列句之间可以用逗号分开。 I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai. 我要离开一个星期,因为我要去上海。 · 引导方式状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 例句 as 按照--方式 She always does as her father tells her. as if 似乎，好像 He walked around as if he was looking for something. · 引导结果状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 用法及例句 so --that 如此--以至于 so 后跟形容词副词原形。(so--that--结构常与too--to 结构转化）。 She was so tired that she couldn’t go any farther. That question is so difficult that I can't work it out.  →That question is too difficult for me to work out. 这个问题太难,我算不出来。 such --that such后跟名词或名词性词组。 It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. · 引导目的状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 用法 so that 以便于，为了 They sped up so that they could get there on time. in order that 为了 考点三：考点归纳 并列 连词 并列关系 and, when (=and just at that time), not only…but also, neither…nor, both…and 转折关系 but, while (而，却，然而), yet, not…but 选择关系 or, either…or, whether…or… (是……还是……)；or else (否则，要不然) 因果关系 for (因为), so (因此，所以) 定语 从句 关系 代词 先行词是人 who/that(主语), whom/ who/that (宾语),  whose (=of whom, 定语)  注： 引导非限制性定语从句不用that;介词后也不用that引导 先行词是事物 which /that(主语或宾语)，whose (=of which，定语)  关系副词 先行词是时间：when(状语)；先行词是地点：where(状语)；先行词是reason：why(状语) 名词性从句 连词that that没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填that 连词if/ whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时一般可互换。 但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时只能用whether。引导其他名词性从句时，只能用whether。 状 语 从 句 时间状语 when, while (在……期间), as, before, after, once (一旦), till, until, since, every/each time (每当), as soon as, immediately/ instantly/ directly(=as soon as), the moment/ second/ minute/ instant(=as soon as),  hardly/ scarcely/ rarely… when…, no sooner… than… 地点状语 where, wherever(无论什么地方，不管哪里) 原因状语 because, since, as, now that (=since既然，由于) 目的状语 so that(为了，以便), in order that, in case(以防万一)  结果状语 so that (结果), so…that, such…that (如 此……以至于) 条件状语 if, unless (除非，如果不), as long as (只要), so long as (只要)，  on condition that (如果), in case (如果，万一) 方式状语 as (像，依照), as if, as though (好像，仿佛) 让步状语 让步状语 although, though, as (虽然。注意：状语或表语要提到as前；作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用a/an)， while (=although虽然)， even if, even though (即使),  whether…or… (不管……还是), whoever (=no matter who), whatever (=no  matter what), whenever (=no  matter when), whichever (=no matter which) 比较状语 than, as…as, not as…as, not so…as, the same… as, such…as, the more…the  more 思路点拨 ： 1. 若并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间没有连接词，可根据前后部分是并列关系(and)、选择关系(or)还是转折关系(but)，填恰当的并列连词。 2. 当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时, 就填关联词。具体填哪个关联词，由两个或几个句子之间的逻辑关系来决定。要分清主句与从句，弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定从句类型，以及连接词在从句中的作用。 (1) 从句在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语就是名词性从句。 (2) 从句作定语叫定语从句。 (3) 从句表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等的从句叫状语从句。 3. 还要考虑引导从句的关联词的使用特点。 (1) 引导定语从句的关联词一定是代表先行词并在从句中作句子成分的。 (2) 引导名词性从句的that没有任何意思，也不作任何句子成分，即句子结构和意思完整时填that；而if或whether有词义(“是否”)但不作句子成分；who, whom,  which, when, where, how等有词义也作句子成分。 · 【连词思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 单句语法填空 1. I was on my way home after running some grocery shopping ______ saw a small dog running…   【解析】因“在回家的路上”与“看到一条狗”是并列关系，故填and。 2. Overcome it ______we will be able to achieve our goals. 【解析】这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型，故填and。 3. It’s true that he is young, _____ he is experienced and responsible. 【解析】因“他很年轻”与“他既有经验又认真负责”是转折关系，故填but。 4. Don’t go to a school specifically for a high school relationship _____ to make someone else happy. 【解析】否定句中，表示“或者”应用连词or。句意：不要专门为了一段高中关系或者取悦他人而去一所学校上学，故填or。 5. Winter came. The ant stayed in her warm anthill and enjoyed her food, _______ the grasshopper had to suffer from cold and hunger. 【解析】前后句是对比关系，表示对比用while，故填while。 6. I couldn’t imagine ______ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know. 【解析】引导宾语从句，并在从句中作介词like的宾语，故填连接代词what，故填what。 7. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected. 【解析】引导表语从句，并在从句中作动词expected的宾语，故填连接代词what。 8. At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 【解析】从句中不缺任何成分，先行词stands在从句中作地点状语，故定语从句应由关系副词where引导，故填where。 9. In the spring, a season ______ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. 【解析】从句中不缺任何成分，先行词season在从句中作时间状语，定语从句应由关系副词when引导，故填when。 10. Listening to classical music is helpful in reducing stress. That’s ______ I listen to it in the evenings. 【解析】因That’s why…(那就是……的原因)是固定句型，故填why。 11. I learned that he had disappeared eight months ago from his owners ___________ lived a half-an-hour’s ride away. 【解析】引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词his owners 是人，故用who或that。 12. There once lived a boy named Woo Sing, ______ father brought home a mirror. 【解析】引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，修饰father，故填whose。 13. It hadn’t been his decision to take this optional computer programming course, _______ didn’t mean he wasn’t eager to pass. In fact, he wanted to get a good mark. 【解析】引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代主句内容，用which。 14. It was not long _______ he got the opportunity to go abroad for further study. 【解析】因It was not long before… (不久就……)是固定句式，故填before。 15. He had come to the right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone _________ he only complained and didn’t try at all. 【解析】只抱怨不努力是没找到骨头的原因，引导原因状语从句用because，故填because。 16. What should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. ___ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a healthy rhythm in your life. 【解析】根据主从句的句意和逻辑关系可知，前者是后分句的条件。句意：如果你总是在同一时间睡觉和起床，这将在你的生活中建立一个健康的节奏, 故填If。 17. The opinion ______ learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years. 【解析】因从句句子成分齐全、句意完整，应用that引导同位语从句, 故填that。 18. ___________________________ he had revised the same things again and again, he wasn’t sure at all how successful he would be. 【解析】句意：虽然他再三检查了，但是他对会有多成功仍然没有把握, 故填Though/Although/While。 19. Although Mary loved flowers, ________ she or her husband was known as a gardener. 【解析】因neither…nor…(既不……也不……)是固定搭配, 故填neither。 20. One day, the cow was eating grass ______ it began to rain heavily. 【解析】因was/were doing sth when…did…(当某个动作正在进行时突然又发生另外一事)是固定句型, 故填when。 · 按要求改写句子 ①It was the third time that he had won the race. It surprised us all. 并列句：____________________________________________ 定语从句：__________________________________________ 同位语从句：________________________________________ ② Please find ways to praise your children often. They will open their hearts to you. 并列句______________________________________________ 倒装句：____________________________________________ ③The country recently tightened the control over its waters. This will prevent other countries from attacking its fishing boats. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 状语从句：___________________________________________ 简单句：_____________________________________________ ④We are living in a new age. In this age, most information is available with greater ease than ever before. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 并列句：_____________________________________________ ⑤I've made a promise to myself. It says that this year, my first year in high school, would be completely different. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 同位语从句：________________________________________ 宾语从句：___________________________________________ 【答案】 ①并列句：It was the third time that he had won the race and it surprised us all./It was the third time that he had won the race and we were all surprised at that. 定语从句：It was the third time that he had won the race, which surprised us all. 同位语从句：We were all surprised at the fact that he had won the race for the third time. ②并列句：Find ways to praise your children often and they will open their hearts to you. 倒装句：Not until/Only if you find ways to praise your children often will they open their hearts to you. ③定语从句：The country recently tightened the control over its waters, which will prevent other countries from attacking its fishing boats. 状语从句：The country recently tightened the control over its waters so that it will prevent other countries from attacking its fishing boats. 简单句：The country recently tightened the control over its waters to/in order to/so as to prevent other countries from attacking its fishing boats. ④定语从句：We are living in a new age, in which/when most information is available with greater ease than ever before. 并列句：We are living in a new age and most information is available with greater ease than ever before. ⑤定语从句：I've made a promise to myself, which says that this year, my first year in high school, would be completely different. 同位语从句：I've made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be completely different. 宾语从句：I have promised to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be completely different. 课后反馈 演练 单句语法填空 1. Badly, we were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, ____ for the week after. 【解析】因not…but…(不是……而是……)是固定句型，句意为“我们被告知我们的房间预订的不是那周，而是之后的那一周”, 故填but。 2. Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ____ too little. 【解析】因too much与too little显然是两个对等的并列短语，根据neither…nor…是固定搭配，故填nor。 3. Behind him were other people to _______ he was trying to talk… 【解析】空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词，故应填关联词；后面一句应当这样理解：he was trying to talk to the people, 由此可见, 后面一句是定语从句，先行词是people, 直接在介词后应用关系代词whom，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，故填whom。 4. In order to save Tom’s life, the doctors have done all _______ is humanly possible. 【解析】当先行词是指事物的all时，只能用that引导定语从句，故填that。 5. We talked about the persons and things ______ we remembered in the school. 【解析】当先行词包括人和事物时，多由that引导定语从句，故填that。 6. __________ there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 【解析】由question可知前面的从句内容不确定，应填表示“是否”的连词引导主语从句，故用Whether。 7. Can you tell me _________ or not the train has left? 【解析】紧靠or not时，只能用whether引导宾语从句，故填whether。 8. Here are all my story-books. You can take ___________ you like best. 【解析】有选定范围，指(从我的故事书中)你最喜欢哪本你就拿哪本。故填whichever(不可用whatever)。 9. She always thinks of _____ she can serve the customers well. 【解析】指考虑“如何”服务好顾客，故填how。 10. _______ she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 【解析】表示“一旦”。句意：一旦她下定决心，没有什么能够改变，故填Once。 单句语法填空 1. I didn’t go to bed ________ all my homework had been finished. 【解析】这是not…until (直到……才……)句型，故填until。 2. Great changes have taken place in our village _______ the reform and opening policies began to be carried out. 【解析】主句是完成时，从句是一般过去时，表示“自从”，用since。 3. Hardly had I got home _______I realized I left my key in the office. 【解析】因hardly…when (一……就……)是固定句型，故填when。 4. No sooner had I got home _______ I realized I had left my key in the office. 【解析】因no sooner…than (一……就……)是固定句型，故填than。 5. Make a mark ________ you have any doubts or questions. 【解析】引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”，故填where。 6. He made such rapid progress ______ he soon began to write articles in English. 【解析】因such…that…是固定句式，故填that。 7. ________everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. 【解析】引导原因状语从句，表示大家都知道的原因，常位于句首，译作“既然”，故填Since。 8. No matter _______ you go, you must obey the law. 【解析】由go可知，表示“无论你去哪里”，故填where。 9. No matter _____ busy I was, I studied English every day. 【解析】意为“无论有多忙” 或 “不管有多忙”，故填how。 10. We all need to get involved in saving energy _______it’s at work, at home, or at school. 【解析】因whether…or…为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，故填whether。 【2024浙江1月卷】 Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ________ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 【答案】or 【解析】考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 【2024·新高考Ⅱ卷】 Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 【2024年全国甲卷】 Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of mine. 【答案】but→and 【解析】考查连词。句意：我很好奇，和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。前后句之间为顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。故将but改成and。 【2023·新高考I卷】 To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 【答案】or 【解析】考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 【2023·新高考Ⅱ卷】 It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 【2023·浙江卷1月】 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing __ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。 【2023·全国甲卷】 Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits. 【答案】or→and 【解析】考查连词。句意：赵老师给我们讲了昆虫的名字，并描述了它们的生活习性。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故or改为and。 【2023年全国乙卷】 It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 【答案】but 【解析】考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions said. 【答案】 or → and 【解析】考查连词。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。此处是并列顺承关系，不存在选择关系。故or改为and。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第06讲 语法知识之连词和并列复合句 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 从最近几年的高考真题可以看出，对连词的考查，重点是要求考生判断并列连词连接的前后两个分句在语意上是并列、递进、选择还是转折关系等，从而选择正确的并列连词。未来高考对于并列连词的考查范围可能会进一步扩大，命题者可能会选择其他较为少用的并列连词作为考查点。并列句考察考生对语意关系的把握，因此理解语境下的句意是找到适当连词的关键。 【要点梳理】 考点一：并列连词 · 简单连词 并列连词 用法 例句 and 表并列或顺承关系 He came into the classroom and put his schoolbag on the desk. 用于“祈使句，and +陈述句”结构 Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes. or 意为“或者”，表示任选其一 Do you want to go the zoo or the museum? 意为“否则”，用于“祈使句，or +陈述句”结构 Please be quick, or we will miss the last bus. so 表示因果关系 It’s raining heavily now, so we have to put off the P.E class. for 表示原因，及附带理由 I must be off now, for it is getting late. but “但是”，表转折关系 Nearly every kid hates exams, but they’re necessary. They help to check if kids have learned the specific knowledge. · 并列连词短语 连词短语 意义用法 例句 neither--nor- 既不--也不,谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Neither he nor his children like fish. either--or-- 或者--或者--，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Either you or he is wrong. both--and-- 两者都，谓语动词用复数形式 Both she and I are good at English. not only-- but also 不但--而且-，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则” Not only you but also he wants to buy the book. 注意：neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则；both...and连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 · 各类并列连词 用法 连词 例句 表并列、递进或顺承关系　　 and, both... and..., neither... nor...， not only... but also...， as well as During the first three years, children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school. 在前3年，孩子们学会了以后在家里和在学校学习中所需要用的基本技能。 表转折关系 but,yet,nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone. 我们要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。 表选择关系 either... or...， not... but..., or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。 表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首), so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。 and与or用并列句 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。 祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折 表对比 while强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art. 我喜欢英语而我的妹妹热爱艺术。 · 常用句型 Not only is he a teacher, but he is (also) a poet. Either she goes or I go.  Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones lead to the opposite. (1)sb. is doing… when…  某人正在做……这时/突然…… I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help. (2)sb. is about to do/on the point of doing… when…  某人正要做……这时/突然…… I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. She was on the point of leaving when I arrived. (3)sb. had (just) done… when…  某人刚刚做……就…… She had just laid down when the telephone rang.   Stick to your principles, and  you will win through. Seize the chance, or you'll regret. 考点二：从属连词 · 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 从属连词 用法 例句 when 当…时候 引导的从句中，谓语动词可以是短暂性动词也可以是延续性动词 It was raining when he came out of the office. while 当…时候 引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Don't make any noise while others are reading in the library. before 在…之前 “在……之前”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之后 She reached the train station before he called her yesterday. after 在…之后 “在……之后”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之前 He turned off the light and went to bed after he cleaned the room. until 直到 常用在“not...until...”结构中，表示“直到……才……” Nancy didn't appear until it was ten o'clock last night. as 一边…一边 表示一件事情在发生，另一件事情也在同时发生 The students took notes as they listened to the radio in English class. as soon as 一…就… 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生 I'll write a letter to you as soon as I get to America. since 自从 从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 The girl who can speak English smoothly has lived in London since she was five years old. once 一旦 表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生 Once they find people in trouble, they are eager to help them without payment. · 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 连词 用法 例句 if 如果 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。 1.If he has time tomorrow, he will come to the meeting. 2.None can succeed if he doesn’t work hard. unless 除非，如果不 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。。 unless可转化成if--not 结构。 1. He won’t finish the work unless he works hard. 2. If it doesn’t rain, go for a picnic. as long as 只要 主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现。 You can take any book as long as you like. · 引导让步状语从句的从属连词 连词 含义 用法 though 虽然 引导让步状语从句时，这些词不能与but连用。 although 尽管 even though(if) 即使 · 引导原因状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 例句 because 表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句，其从句的位置通常在主句的后面。 He has to leave because it is too late. 因为太晚了，他不得不走。 since since语气比as稍强，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一种已知的或非常显然的理由，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。 Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家到齐了，我们就出发吧！ as as是从属连词，表示原因时，语气最弱，所说的原因比较明显或是已知的事实，它引导的从句一般位于主句之前。 We all like her as she is kind. 我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。 for 是并列连词,表明附加或推断的理由,常用于口语中,意为“因为”。for连接的句子不用于句首,并列句之间可以用逗号分开。 I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai. 我要离开一个星期,因为我要去上海。 · 引导方式状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 例句 as 按照--方式 She always does as her father tells her. as if 似乎，好像 He walked around as if he was looking for something. · 引导结果状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 用法及例句 so --that 如此--以至于 so 后跟形容词副词原形。(so--that--结构常与too--to 结构转化）。 She was so tired that she couldn’t go any farther. That question is so difficult that I can't work it out.  →That question is too difficult for me to work out. 这个问题太难,我算不出来。 such --that such后跟名词或名词性词组。 It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. · 引导目的状语从句的从属连词 连词 意义 用法 so that 以便于，为了 They sped up so that they could get there on time. in order that 为了 考点三：考点归纳 并列 连词 并列关系 and, when (=and just at that time), not only…but also, neither…nor, both…and 转折关系 but, while (而，却，然而), yet, not…but 选择关系 or, either…or, whether…or… (是……还是……)；or else (否则，要不然) 因果关系 for (因为), so (因此，所以) 定语 从句 关系 代词 先行词是人 who/that(主语), whom/ who/that (宾语),  whose (=of whom, 定语)  注： 引导非限制性定语从句不用that;介词后也不用that引导 先行词是事物 which /that(主语或宾语)，whose (=of which，定语)  关系副词 先行词是时间：when(状语)；先行词是地点：where(状语)；先行词是reason：why(状语) 名词性从句 连词that that没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填that 连词if/ whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时一般可互换。 但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时只能用whether。引导其他名词性从句时，只能用whether。 状 语 从 句 时间状语 when, while (在……期间), as, before, after, once (一旦), till, until, since, every/each time (每当), as soon as, immediately/ instantly/ directly(=as soon as), the moment/ second/ minute/ instant(=as soon as),  hardly/ scarcely/ rarely… when…, no sooner… than… 地点状语 where, wherever(无论什么地方，不管哪里) 原因状语 because, since, as, now that (=since既然，由于) 目的状语 so that(为了，以便), in order that, in case(以防万一)  结果状语 so that (结果), so…that, such…that (如 此……以至于) 条件状语 if, unless (除非，如果不), as long as (只要), so long as (只要)，  on condition that (如果), in case (如果，万一) 方式状语 as (像，依照), as if, as though (好像，仿佛) 让步状语 让步状语 although, though, as (虽然。注意：状语或表语要提到as前；作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用a/an)， while (=although虽然)， even if, even though (即使),  whether…or… (不管……还是), whoever (=no matter who), whatever (=no  matter what), whenever (=no  matter when), whichever (=no matter which) 比较状语 than, as…as, not as…as, not so…as, the same… as, such…as, the more…the  more 思路点拨 ： 1. 若并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间没有连接词，可根据前后部分是并列关系(and)、选择关系(or)还是转折关系(but)，填恰当的并列连词。 2. 当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时, 就填关联词。具体填哪个关联词，由两个或几个句子之间的逻辑关系来决定。要分清主句与从句，弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定从句类型，以及连接词在从句中的作用。 (1) 从句在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语就是名词性从句。 (2) 从句作定语叫定语从句。 (3) 从句表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等的从句叫状语从句。 3. 还要考虑引导从句的关联词的使用特点。 (1) 引导定语从句的关联词一定是代表先行词并在从句中作句子成分的。 (2) 引导名词性从句的that没有任何意思，也不作任何句子成分，即句子结构和意思完整时填that；而if或whether有词义(“是否”)但不作句子成分；who, whom,  which, when, where, how等有词义也作句子成分。 · 【连词思维导图】 课堂精练 演练 · 单句语法填空 1. I was on my way home after running some grocery shopping ______ saw a small dog running…   2. Overcome it ______we will be able to achieve our goals. 3. It’s true that he is young, _____ he is experienced and responsible. 4. Don’t go to a school specifically for a high school relationship _____ to make someone else happy. 5. Winter came. The ant stayed in her warm anthill and enjoyed her food, _______ the grasshopper had to suffer from cold and hunger. 6. I couldn’t imagine ______ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know. 7. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected. 8. At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 9. In the spring, a season ______ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. 10. Listening to classical music is helpful in reducing stress. That’s ______ I listen to it in the evenings. 11. I learned that he had disappeared eight months ago from his owners ___________ lived a half-an-hour’s ride away. 12. There once lived a boy named Woo Sing, ______ father brought home a mirror. 13. It hadn’t been his decision to take this optional computer programming course, _______ didn’t mean he wasn’t eager to pass. In fact, he wanted to get a good mark. 14. It was not long _______ he got the opportunity to go abroad for further study. 15. He had come to the right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone _________ he only complained and didn’t try at all. 16. What should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. ___ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a healthy rhythm in your life. 17. The opinion ______ learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years. 18. ___________________________ he had revised the same things again and again, he wasn’t sure at all how successful he would be. 19. Although Mary loved flowers, ________ she or her husband was known as a gardener. 20. One day, the cow was eating grass ______ it began to rain heavily. · 按要求改写句子 ①It was the third time that he had won the race. It surprised us all. 并列句：____________________________________________ 定语从句：__________________________________________ 同位语从句：________________________________________ ② Please find ways to praise your children often. They will open their hearts to you. 并列句______________________________________________ 倒装句：____________________________________________ ③The country recently tightened the control over its waters. This will prevent other countries from attacking its fishing boats. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 状语从句：___________________________________________ 简单句：_____________________________________________ ④We are living in a new age. In this age, most information is available with greater ease than ever before. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 并列句：_____________________________________________ ⑤I've made a promise to myself. It says that this year, my first year in high school, would be completely different. 定语从句：___________________________________________ 同位语从句：________________________________________ 宾语从句：___________________________________________ 课后反馈 演练 单句语法填空 1. Badly, we were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, ____ for the week after. 2. Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ____ too little. 3. Behind him were other people to _______ he was trying to talk… 4. In order to save Tom’s life, the doctors have done all _______ is humanly possible. 5. We talked about the persons and things ______ we remembered in the school. 6. __________ there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 7. Can you tell me _________ or not the train has left? 8. Here are all my story-books. You can take ___________ you like best. 9. She always thinks of _____ she can serve the customers well. 10. _______ she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 单句语法填空 1. I didn’t go to bed ________ all my homework had been finished. 2. Great changes have taken place in our village _______ the reform and opening policies began to be carried out. 3. Hardly had I got home _______I realized I left my key in the office. 4. No sooner had I got home _______ I realized I had left my key in the office. 5. Make a mark ________ you have any doubts or questions. 6. He made such rapid progress ______ he soon began to write articles in English. 7. ________everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. 8. No matter _______ you go, you must obey the law. 9. No matter _____ busy I was, I studied English every day. 10. We all need to get involved in saving energy _______it’s at work, at home, or at school. 【2024浙江1月卷】 Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ________ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 【2024·新高考Ⅱ卷】 Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【2024年全国甲卷】 Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of mine. 【2023·新高考I卷】 To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 【2023·新高考Ⅱ卷】 It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 【答案】and 【2023·浙江卷1月】 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing __ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. 【2023·全国甲卷】 Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits. 【2023年全国乙卷】 It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions said. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$