精品解析：上海市奉贤中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试试卷

2024学年第一学期期中考试 高三 英语试卷 考试时间105分钟 满分115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10*1=10) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Giving the Suona a Modern Twist The Suona has long been associated with rural events such as weddings and funerals. In recent years, however, this traditional Chinese instrument ____1____ (see) a renewal of its image — thanks to the efforts of a brilliant musician, Liu Wenwen. Liu ____2____ (introduce) to the suona at age nine by her parents. ____3____ (follow) more than a decade of diligent practice, she entered the Shanghai Conservatory of Music in 2008. Liu’s study there inspired her creativity in suona music. ____4____ several friends, she formed an ensemble (乐团) featuring the suona and three other instruments, namely the erhu, bamboo flute and pipa. They teamed up with jazz bands, composed original music, and performed at international lawn music festivals. In China, these instruments are usually performed in a solemn manner. To Liu’s surprise, foreign audiences danced to the melodies of the folk music. ____5____ encouraged her to innovate further in suona music. In the following years, she frequently performed in European countries. ____6____ appreciating and incorporating elements of modern Western music styles, she focused on seeking ways to better promote the lesser-known suona. In 2015, Liu worked together with the renowned composer Tan Dun to create a new version of Hundreds of Birds Paying Homage to the Phoenix,____7____ classic suona piece. Two years later, they performed it on the stage of the Sydney Opera House. Liu’s 40-second performance “in one breath,” ____8____ (accompany) by a Western symphony orchestra, rocked the house. After that, Liu went on more than 30 tours, introducing the suona to more foreign audiences. The videos of her performances have also gained millions of views online. Inspired by these experiences, Liu made a bold move ____9____ (incorporate) different music genres into her regular playlist. Her recitals now feature elements of jazz’s lyrical romance, rock and roll’s explosive freedom and electronic music’s rhythmic beats. _____10_____ Liu Wenwen has given the suona is a modern twist and she also helped it gain global recognition. In the future, she aims to conduct more world tours, demonstrating the charm of this traditional Chinese instrument to an even wider audience. 【答案】1. has seen 2. was introduced 3. Following 4. With 5. It 6. While 7. a 8. accompanied 9. to incorporate 10. What 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了音乐家刘雯雯通过创新，让传统乐器唢呐焕发新生，并走向世界的故事。 【1题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，近年来，这种中国传统乐器见证了自己形象的更新——这要归功于杰出音乐家刘雯雯的努力。‌无灵主语是一种英语语法结构，指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，see(目睹，见证)在句中作有灵谓语动词，与无灵主语this traditional Chinese instrument之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“In recent years”可知，描述过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has seen。 【2题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：刘雯雯九岁时被父母介绍学习唢呐。introduce(介绍)是谓语动词，与主语Liu之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“at age nine”可知，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是专有名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was introduced。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过十多年的刻苦练习，她在2008年考入上海音乐学院。“(follow) more than a decade of diligent practice”作状语，follow(跟随)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Following。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：她和几个朋友组成了一个乐团，以唢呐为主，另外还有二胡、竹笛和琵琶三种乐器。结合句意可知，此处表示“和……一起”，应用介词with；句首单词首字母大写。故填With。 【5题详解】 考查代词。句意：这鼓励她在唢呐音乐上进一步创新。设空处是句子主语，指代上文提到的“foreign audiences danced to the melodies of the folk music”这件事，应用代词it；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：在欣赏和融入现代西方音乐元素的同时，她专注于寻找更好地推广鲜为人知的唢呐的方法。“appreciating and incorporating elements of modern Western music styles”是现在分词短语作时间状语，表示“在(欣赏和融入现代西方音乐元素)的同时”，可添加连词while明确其逻辑关系；句首单词首字母大写。故填While。 【7题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2015年，他与著名作曲家谭盾合作，创作了经典唢呐作品《百鸟朝凤》的新版本。名词词组classic suona piece作同位语，可数名词piece表示“一首曲目”，泛指，且classic是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：刘雯雯的40秒“一口气”表演，在西方交响乐团的伴奏下，震撼了全场。“(accompany) by a Western symphony orchestra”作后置定语，accompany(为……伴奏)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“Liu’s 40-second performance ‘in one breath’”之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填accompanied。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到这些经历的启发，刘雯雯大胆地将不同的音乐流派融入她的日常播放列表中。“(incorporate) different music genres into her regular playlist”是“Liu made a bold move”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to incorporate。 【10题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：刘雯雯给唢呐带来的是一种现代的转变，她也帮助唢呐获得了全球的认可。“_____ Liu Wenwen has given the suona is a modern twist”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“(刘雯雯给唢呐带来的)什么”，用连接词what引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 Section B (10*1=10) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. temporary B. plunge C. inconsistent D. approach E. scheduled F. pump G. positive H. programmed I. consume J. desert K. undo A changing climate, a changing world The sustainability efforts in Paris have not all been smooth sailing. The Seine is ___11___to host marathon swimming and the swim portion of the triathlon. But despite spending 1.4 billion euros trying to clean the river, French authorities have achieved ___12___results. Water test in June still showed high levels of E. coli. Those numbers improved and crept into the range of safe to swim in late June and early this month. Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris recently took a swim in the river after canceling an earlier planned ___13___because of those high bacteria levels. Her swim was promising, but one heavy rainfall could draw more pollutants into the river and ___14___much of the progress she celebrated. Paris organizers have also given up their ambition to ___15___conventional air-conditioning in the Olympic village, installing some 2500 ___16___air conditioning units. Organizers had hoped to rely on a geothermal cooling system, they say. They say it would keep rooms at least 11 degrees cooler than outside temperatures. That technology, involving a system of pipes that ____17____cold water beneath the village’s floors, was expected to reduce the carbon impact by 45 percent, compared to traditional air conditioning systems. For years, the organizers promised the Games would be “climate ____18____”. However, it is doubtful any version of the Olympics can begin to ____19____even carbon neutrality as long as millions of tourists descend on the host city, many by air, only to ____20____goods and generate waste once they arrive. 【答案】11. E 12. C 13. B 14. K 15. J 16. A 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. I 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。巴黎奥运会要减少碳排放的努力并不理想，实际上，任何形式的奥运会都难以实现碳中和。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：塞纳河计划举办马拉松游泳和铁人三项的游泳部分。根据句意和空格后的不定式可知，此处指“塞纳河计划举办马拉松游泳和铁人三项的游泳部分”。be scheduled to do“计划做某事”是固定搭配。故填E。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但是，尽管花费了14亿欧元试图清理河流，法国当局却取得了不符合标准的结果。根据句意和空格后的名词results可知，空格处应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词results，且意义为“不符合标准的”，形容词inconsistent“不符合（某套标准、思想等）”填入空格处，符合语境。故填C。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈最近在河水中游泳，此前，由于河水中细菌含量过高，她取消了原定的跳水计划。根据句意和空格前的动词canceling可知，空格处应该用名词作宾语，且意义为“跳水”，名词plunge填入空格处，符合语境。故填B。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：她的游泳本来很有希望，但一场大雨可能会把更多的污染物带入河中，使她庆祝的大部分进展付之东流。根据句意和空格前的and可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形与上文的draw并列作谓语，且意义为“破坏，毁掉”，所以动词undo“破坏，毁掉”填入空格处，符合语境。故填K。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：巴黎奥组委也放弃了在奥运村弃用传统空调的计划，安装了大约2500台临时空调设备。根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，且意义为“放弃；舍弃”，所以动词desert填入空格处，符合语境。故填J。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：巴黎奥组委也放弃了在奥运村弃用传统空调的计划，安装了大约2500台临时空调设备。根据句意和空格后的名词短语air conditioning units可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词短语，且意义为“临时的”，所以temporary填入空格处，符合语境。故填A。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：与传统的空调系统相比，这项技术涉及一个将冷水泵入村庄地板下的管道系统，预计将减少45%的碳影响。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据空格后的cold water可知，定语从句的谓语动词意义为“用泵（或泵样器官等）输送”，所以动词pump填入空格处，符合语境。故填F。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：多年来，组织者一直承诺奥运会将“对气候有益”。根据句意和句中的promised以及空格前的名词climate可知，空格处应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词climate，且意义为“良好的；有助益的；正面的”，所以positive填入空格处，符合语境。故填G。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，只要数以百万计的游客（其中许多是乘飞机）来到主办城市，抵达后只消费商品并产生废物，任何形式的奥运会都难以开始接近碳中和。根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该用一个动词原形，且意义为“接近”，所以动词approach填入空格处，符合语境。故填D。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，只要数以百万计的游客（其中许多是乘飞机）来到主办城市，抵达后只消费商品并产生废物，任何形式的奥运会都难以开始接近碳中和。根据句意和空格后的名词goods以及空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入动词原形，且意义为“消耗，消费”，所以应该用动词consume。故填I。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A (15*1=15) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. It was a foggy Thursday morning when animal services supervisor Josh Henderson received news of amass death. 395 migratory birds died after ___21___into one office tower in Galveston, Texas. Henderson rushed to the spot, only to witness the horrifying scene of feathers from yellow and orange to blue and grey of the lifeless small-featured bodies. “It was awe-inspiring but ____22____,” says Henderson. Most of the bodies were warblers; small, bright, colorful birds that are particularly common in Texas. They had been on their homecoming spring migration, a legendary journey that takes them from ____23____sites as far south as Mexico to nesting sites-as-far north as Canada. For birds, Texas is a major flyover state: approximately two billion birds fly through this “Lone Star” state in the spring. Along the route, a host of ____24____exist, including bright city lights. Every year, between 365 million and one billion birds are thought to be killed in building collisions in the US. The scene of mass collision in Galveston was a 23-floor ____25____called One Moody Plaza. As the tallest building in downtown Galveston, it had four corner spotlights ____26____straight up in the sky and a glowing green halo of LED lights around the top. “Every tragedy,____27____, is also an opportunity to educate” Henderson ____28____the birds. His team was able to save and help three birds recover. Besides, Houston Audubon, a bird conservation organization, which occupies the building, is taking action and ____29____developing a science-based response. American National has _____30_____and is still following a policy of turning off their outer building spotlights and inner lights at night during the spring and fall migratory seasons. Workshops are also held in Galveston to _____31_____the community on migratory bird patterns in this area. Around 24 communities in Texas have _____32_____to follow this kind of Lights Out initiative. Chicago, Houston, Dallas, New York City and Atlanta are the cities where the threat to migrating birds is greatest _____33_____light pollution. And all these cities are also _____34_____the Lights Out campaign, according to Audubon’s records. Protecting birds is vital both for their own sake and for the wider ecosystem. However, their moving constantly presents special_____35_____for researchers and conservationists to take measures that are effective enough. Given this complex picture, widespread awareness and efficient enforcement are still the priorities. 21. A. collapsing B. crashing C. cracking D. conflicting 22. A. marvelous B. vivid C. tragic D. impressive 23. A. sheltering B. breeding C. sleeping D. wintering 24. A. hazards B. opportunities C. obstacles D. enemies 25. A. studio B. block C. skyscraper D. apartment 26. A. holding B. putting C. pointing D. turning 27. A. therefore B. moreover C. thus D. however 28. A. sorted B. abandoned C. removed D. preserved 29. A. optimistically B. actively C. reluctantly D. strictly 30. A. interrupted B. implemented C. interfered D. incorporated 31. A. educate B. warn C. punish D. encourage 32. A. approved B. anticipated C. agreed D. appealed 33. A. regardless of B. in spite of C. apart from D. in terms of 34. A. launching B. maintaining C. motivating D. initiating 35. A. requests B. barriers C. challenges D. perspectives 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述在德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿，395只候鸟撞上了一座办公大楼死亡，给人类带来深刻的教训，让更多人意识到保护鸟类对生态系统的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿，395只候鸟撞上了一座办公大楼，死亡。A. collapsing倒塌，崩溃；B. crashing (使)碰撞；C. cracking (使)破裂；D. conflicting冲突。根据下文“Every year, between 365 million and one billion birds are thought to be killed in building collisions in the US. (据信，美国每年有3.65亿至10亿只鸟死于建筑物碰撞。)”可知这些鸟是撞到办公大楼才死的，crash into意为“猛撞”，符合语境，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这是令人敬畏的，但也是悲惨的，”亨德森说。A. marvelous不可思议的， 非凡的；B. vivid生动的；C. tragic悲惨的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Henderson rushed to the spot, only to witness the horrifying scene of feathers from yellow and orange to blue and grey of the lifeless small-featured bodies. (亨德森冲到现场，却看到了可怕的一幕，羽毛从黄色和橙色到蓝色和灰色，毫无生气的小尸体。)”可知这个场景应是悲惨的，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：它们开始了春天的春季迁徙，这是一段传奇的旅程，从墨西哥的越冬地到加拿大的筑巢地。A. sheltering遮蔽，躲避；B. breeding繁殖；C. sleeping睡觉；D. wintering过冬。根据上文“They had been on their homecoming spring migration”和常识可知春天迁徙应是从过冬的地方到筑巢的地方，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：沿途有很多危险，包括明亮的城市灯光。A. hazards危险；B. opportunities机会；C. obstacles障碍；D. enemies敌人。根据上文“For birds, Texas is a major flyover state: approximately two billion birds fly through this “Lone Star” state in the spring. (对于鸟类来说，德克萨斯州是一个主要的立交桥州：春天大约有20亿只鸟飞过这个“孤星”州。)”和下文“including bright city lights”可知会遇到像城市灯光这种很多的危险，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在加尔维斯顿，大规模碰撞的现场是一座23层的摩天大楼，名为 Moody Plaza一号。A. studio工作室；B. block街区；C. skyscraper摩天大楼；D. apartment公寓套房。根据下文“As the tallest building in downtown Galveston”可知这是最高建筑，所以摩天大楼符合语境，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为加尔维斯顿市中心最高的建筑，它有四个角落的聚光灯直指天空，顶部有一个发光的绿色LED灯光环。A. holding拿着，按住；B. putting放置；C. pointing指向；D. turning (使)转动。根据下文“straight up in the sky”和常识可知四个角的灯光是直射天空的，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“然而，每一次悲剧也是一次教育的机会”，亨德森保存了这些鸟。A. therefore因此；B. moreover此外；C. thus所以，因此；D. however然而。根据上文“Every tragedy”和下文“an opportunity to educate”可知为转折关系，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sorted分类；B. abandoned放弃；C. removed移开；D. preserved保存。根据下文“His team was able to save and help three birds recover. (他的团队拯救并帮助了三只鸟康复。)”说明他们把这些鸟保存了下来，才有机会帮助三只鸟恢复，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：此外，占据该建筑的鸟类保护组织休斯顿奥杜邦（Houston Audubon）正在采取行动，积极开展基于科学的应对措施。 A. optimistically 乐观地；B. actively积极地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. strictly严格地。根据上文“Houston Audubon, a bird conservation organization, which occupies the building, is taking action”可知是鸟类保护组织应是采取行动，积极开展应对措施，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：美国国民已经实施并仍在遵循一项政策，即在春季和秋季迁徙季节的晚上关闭建筑物外部的聚光灯和内部的灯。A. interrupted打断；B. implemented实施；C. interfered干涉；D. incorporated合并。根据下文“following a policy”可知是已经实施了这一政策，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：加尔维斯顿还举办了讲习班，向社区教导该地区的候鸟模式。A. educate教育；B. warn警告；C. punish惩罚；D. encourage鼓励。根据上文“Workshops are also held in Galveston to”可知举办讲习班为了教导社区人了解候鸟迁徙的模式，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：德克萨斯州大约有24个社区已经同意遵循这种熄灯倡议。A. approved赞成；B. anticipated预期；C. agreed同意；D. appealed吸引。根据下文“follow this kind of Lights Out initiative”可知有很多社区同意了这种熄灯倡议，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。 句意：就光污染而言，芝加哥、休斯顿、达拉斯、纽约和亚特兰大是候鸟面临最大威胁的城市。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. in spite of尽管；C. apart from除……之外；D. in terms of就……而言。根据下文“light pollution”和常识可知这几个城市应该是候鸟面临最大威胁的城市，所以是就光污染而言，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：根据奥杜邦的记录，所有这些城市也在发起熄灯运动。A. launching发射；B. maintaining维持；C. motivating促动；D. initiating开始，发起。根据下文“the Lights Out campaign”可知是发起运动，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：然而，它们的不断迁移给研究人员和环保人士提出了特殊的挑战，他们需要采取足够有效的措施。A. requests要求；B. barriers障碍；C. challenges挑战；D. perspectives观点。根据上文“Protecting birds is vital both for their own sake and for the wider ecosystem. (保护鸟类对它们自身和更广泛的生态系统都至关重要。)”和However可知上下文是转折关系，所以鸟类的不断迁移会给研究人员和环保人士带来挑战，故选C。 Section B (11*2=22) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the grassland by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sunlight going through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic. I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree(梧桐树) to rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a try. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up. When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear began to disappear, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying, sailing among the clouds. Then I began to notice how wonderful the light wind smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs with the sweetest smell I’d ever known. I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to feel it, again. And again! It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the same spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing: Some days they’d be purple and pink; some days they’d be bright orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon. The view from my sycamore was more than clouds and wind and colors combined. Eventually, my father’s belief moved from my head to my heart. I started marveling(惊奇) at how that was possible. How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder? It was magic. 36. Why did the author climb up the sycamore tree? A. To play in the tree. B. To practice climbing skills. C. To prove her courage. D. To get a trapped kite. 37. Which of the following best describes the author’s climbing experience? A. Unusual but painful. B. Competitive and imaginative. C. Adventurous but rewarding. D. Well-planned and interesting. 38. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Practice makes perfect. B. All roads lead to Rome. C. Positive action leads to happiness. D. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. 39. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Last Memory B. Up in the Sycamore Tree C. Father’s Best Suggestion D. Clouds Across the Horizon 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者通过爬梧桐树取回风筝看到神奇的景色，从而真切感受到了父亲的观念：整体大于局部之和。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree(梧桐树) to rescue a kite stuck in the branches.”（我明白他在说什么，但我从来没有感觉到他在说什么，直到有一天，我爬到梧桐树上，去救一只卡在树枝上的风筝。）可知作者爬梧桐树是为了取回被困的风筝。选项 D 符合题意，故选D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And suddenly I got dizzy and weak.”（突然间，我感到头晕和虚弱。） ；“I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up.”（我屏住呼吸，强迫自己集中精力在风筝上。）可知爬梧桐树取回风筝是很危险的。根据第四段中的“That’s when the fear began to disappear, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying, sailing among the clouds.”（就在那时，恐惧开始消失，取而代之的是一种最奇妙的感觉，那就是我在飞翔，在云中航行。）和第五段“Then I began to notice how wonderful the light wind smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs with the sweetest smell I’d ever known.”（然后我开始注意到微风的味道是多么美妙。我无法停止呼吸，我的肺里充满了我所知道的最甜蜜的气味。）可知这次经历是相当有收获，作者由刚开始的害怕，变得自在起来。选项 C 符合题意，故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the grassland by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sunlight going through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic.”（他会告诉我，牛本身就是牛，草地本身就是草和花，穿过树木的阳光只是一束光，但把它们放在一起，你就有了魔力。）和最后一段“Eventually, my father’s notion(观念) moved from my head to my heart.”（最终，父亲的想法从我的脑海中进入了我的内心。）可知作者通过描述自己的经历主要是想表达如果只是单独的某一个元素，只能体现它自己单独的特点，但如果将其看做成为一个整体，那么整体将大于局部之和。选项 D 符合题意，故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段提到作者父亲给他讲述的道理“He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the grassland by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sunlight going through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic.”（他会告诉我，牛本身就是牛，草地本身就是草和花，穿过树木的阳光只是一束光，但把它们放在一起，你就有了魔力。）如果只是单独的某一个元素，只能体现它自己单独的特点，但如果将其看做成为一个整体，那么整体将大于局部之和。后文中提到了作者通过爬梧桐树取回风筝看到神奇的景色，从而真切感受到了父亲的观念，即整体大于局部之和。B项Up in the Sycamore Tree（梧桐树上）以“梧桐树”为意向，讲述作者在梧桐树上看到各种场景后得到的感悟。该项符合文意，故选B。 (B) The Hottest Peppers in the World The title of “hottest pepper in the world” is something that’s challenged more often than you may expect. Every year hot pepper cultivators find new ways to create peppers that will compete for the top position. Below we list the current hottest peppers based-on-expected median heat on the Scovile scale (史高维尔指标,辣椒辣度的测量单位). Pepper X Pepper X was cultivated by the PuckerButt Pepper Company in the US. Measured at its max at 3.18 million Scoville Heat Units (SHU), and officially measured at 2.69 million SHU in the Guinness Book of World Records, Pepper X truly outshines the previous record holder, the Carolina Reaper.Carolina Reaper The Carolina Reaper, also developed by the Pucker Butt Pepper Company, held the title of the world’s hottest-pepper in the Guinness Book of World Records from 2013 to 2021. The pepper’s beat level reaches an average of 1.6 million SUHU, with some individual peppers recorded at over 2.2 million SHU. Komodo Dragon The Komodo Dragon pepper is a fiery chili hailing from the UK. It’s renowned for its extreme heat between 1.4 million to 2.2 million SHU. The heat of the Komodo Dragon pepper is not immediate but builds up for 10 seconds before it unleashes its full potential. Trinidad Moruga Scorpion The Trinidad Moruga Scorpion originates from island country Trinidad and Tobago. Its intense heat measures from 1.2 to 2 million SHU. And it looks wicked, with its scorpion-like stinger tail. This fiery pepper was even recognized as the world’s hottest chili by the Ouinness Book of World Records in 2012. 7 Pot Douglah The 7 Pot Douglah also originates from Trinidad and Tobago ranging from 923,889 to 1,853,986 SHU. The pepper gets its name from the local belief (and fact) that one pod is enough to spice up seven pots of stew. Its dark brown color gives it a unique appearance among chili peppers. 40. The hottest chili in the world according to the Guinness Book of World Reoords in 2015 was ________. A. Pepper X B. Carolina Reaper C. Komodo Dragon D. Trinidad Moruga Scorpion 41. What’s the similarity between Trinidad Moruga Scorpion and 7 Pot Douglah? A. They both originate from the US. B. They both have distinctive appearance. C. They were developed by the same company. D. They were both recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records. 42. What can be inferred about the Komodo Dragon pepper from the text? A. It is a mild chili pepper known for its immediate heat. B. It is a UK-originated chili pepper with a delayed heat sensation C. The heat level of the Komodo Dragon pepper is consistently at 2.2 million SHU. D. The Komodo Dragon pepper’s heat is less than that of the Carolina Reaper. 【答案】40. B 41. B 42. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了世界上最辣的辣椒。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The Carolina Reaper, also developed by the Pucker Butt Pepper Company, held the title of the world’s hottest-pepper in the Guinness Book of World Records from 2013 to 2021. (同样由Pucker Butt Pepper Company开发的Carolina Reaper在2013年至2021年期间获得了吉尼斯世界纪录中世界上最辣辣椒的称号)”可知，Carolina Reaper在2015年被吉尼斯世界纪录认定为世界上最辣的辣椒。故选B项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“And it looks wicked, with its scorpion-like stinger tail.(它看起来很邪恶，有着蝎子般的毒刺尾巴)”根据第六段“Its dark brown color gives it a unique appearance among chili peppers.(它的深棕色使其在辣椒中具有独特的外观)”可知，Trinidad Moruga Scorpion和7 Pot Douglah都来自特立尼达和多巴哥，并且都有独特的外观。故选B项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The Komodo Dragon pepper is a fiery chili hailing from the UK.( Komodo Dragon辣椒是一种来自英国的辣椒)”以及“The heat of the Komodo Dragon pepper is not immediate but builds up for 10 seconds before it unleashes its full potential.( Komodo Dragon辣椒的热量不是立即产生的，而是在释放其全部潜力之前积聚10秒释放)”可知，Komodo Dragon辣椒这是一种原产于英国的辣椒，具有延迟的热感。故选B项。 (C) The danger of a major solar storm is now at its highest in over a decade As the Sun reaches the peak of its activity cycle, the odds of such a storm hitting Earth rise along with its associated risks, including blackouts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phones and GPS networks. In the most extreme scenarios, some power grids could be knocked out for weeks or even months. But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. The whole prediction process is like forecasting normal weather the more you understand the system, the better you can predict what it will do. This is no easy task when it comes to our star. The Sun is complex and not yet well understood, and scientists must also get a better handle on how its emissions travel through space and affect Earth. Compared to forecasting the normal weather, our space weather predictions are about 50 years behind That’s why missions like the Parker Solar Probe - the first spacecraft ever to touch the Sun-are all the more important. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discoveries about how the Sun transports energy outward into space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists improve their ability to predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is important, because it’s an essential first step to an early warning system that would help avoid the worst-case scenario. Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. 43. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word! A. obtain B. eliminate C. strengthen D. tolerate 44. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2? A. The solar system releases a lot of harmful radiation to humanity. B. People must learn more to reverse the worst result caused by the Sun. C. Solar activities, if dealt with properly, can be very beneficial to humanity. D. The potential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate prediction. 45. What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A. Improving space weather predictions is crucial for preparedness. B. The Sun’s energy transport mechanisms have been fully understood. C. The frequency of solar storms has significantly increased over the past decade. D. A full-time warning system is the only solution to preventing solar storm impacts. 46. What will the following paragraphs probably talk about? A. The sunny sides of space weather and solar activities B. The drawback of the current solar prediction projects. C. The ways to protect the Earth from potential solar storms. D. The measures to improve and redesign the Parker Solar Probe. 【答案】43. A 44. C 45. A 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。目前，太阳风暴的危险程度已超过十年来最高水平。随着太阳活动周期达到峰值，此类风暴袭击地球的可能性随之上升，并带来一系列风险，包括停电、失灵卫星和受损手机及GPS网络。在最极端的情况下，一些电网可能被中断数周甚至数月。但如果处理得当，太阳活动可以对人类非常有益。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是reap与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，此处建议利用太阳活动的正面影响保护我们，or提示后面是和冒险相反的词，reap指“得到”，近义词是obtain，故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (但那只是最坏的情况。面对这种潜在的灾难，我们最好的希望就是更多地了解太阳-地球系统，监测太阳活动，并提高预测空间天气的能力。只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是享受与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，第二段提到太阳活动，如果处理得当，可以对人类非常有益。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. (但那只是最坏的情况。面对这种潜在的灾难，我们最好的希望就是更多地了解太阳-地球系统，监测太阳活动，并提高预测空间天气的能力。只要采取适当的预防措施，太阳活动就可以为人类带来正面影响，因为它能不断保护我们免受来自太阳系外的有害辐射。因此，我们是选择冒险面对太阳带来的危险还是享受与太阳共存带来的好处，取决于我们预测和准备的能力，以应对我们的恒星接下来可能发生的事情。)”可知，本文说明太阳风暴的危险越来越大，所以要采取预防措施，因此文章想要表达的是改进空间天气预报对准备工作至关重要。故选A。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. (然而，我们目前的项目还不够。帕克号不是作为全职的太阳加热系统而设计的，而且它只能从一个角度研究太阳。因此，建议在太阳周围部署一组卫星，以便完全监测太阳，随时准备向地球发送警报。)”可知，本段讲述了帕克号的不足，接下来的一段要讲述改进和重新设计帕克太阳探测器的措施。故选D。 Section C (4*2=8) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. What Does Money Mean to Kids? A few weeks before Christmas, Sarah Hunter Simanson took her two-year-old son and four-year-old daughter to the grocery store and gave each of them a $20 bill. Simanson explained the cost of each item to her kids, hoping to help them understand what it meant. As the kids handed their bills to the cashier, Simanson realized she had grown up watching her mom shop this way every week. _______47_______ “They never see physical money,” she says. When millennials were coming of age, they often saw their parents pay in cash and count change at stores. Back then, teens were paid cash for babysitting or mowing a neighbor’s lawn. “Research shows that your behavior and habits are actually formed at an earlier age,” says Jessica Pelletier, a mother of two. “Your strong desire to be a saver, passion for spending, or risk aversion (风险规避), really forms by a very young age in most kids.” ______48______ Older generations had far more opportunities to witness the movement of money. “There was something we could visualize because kids are watching,” says Pelletier. “But if they never see any type of transaction (交易), they think everything is free in the world. Mom clicked ‘buy’ on Amazon, and two days later, we got it.” We have to help kids understand that a gift card, a payment app, or even a single tap of the finger can convey the same value as physical money. ______49______ In January 2023, a six-year-old in Michigan made headlines when he ordered more than $1,000 worth of delivery meals through his dad’s Grubhub account on his phone. When the dad found himself staring at a much smaller bank account, his son just wanted to know if the pepperoni pizzas had arrived. Despite the potential risks, some parents are delighted to move away from handling cash, especially after the pandemic accelerated the shift toward cashlessness. “He’s been digital from the very beginning,” says Carleen Haylett, a single mother of an 11-year-old son. ______50______ It wasn’t until about fourth grade that he understood the concept of a bank account. “That’s late in the game,” says Pelletier. A. This is a complicated but essential lesson. B. Her kids, however, are not living in that same reality. C. However, this made his introduction to money rather abstract. D. Today’s children are absorbing what we do from a much earlier age than we might think. E. What does it mean, then, if many kids are not seeing money in the same way their parents did? F. Added to the challenge is the fact that many parents didn’t exactly get a good introduction to finance when they were kids themselves. 【答案】47. B 48. E 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过几个孩子关于金钱的实际经历，探讨了孩子对金钱的理解，解释了实物货币的减少如何影响他们形成金钱观念，建议父母帮助他们理解金钱的价值和交易的概念。 【47题详解】 前文“As the kids handed their bills to the cashier, Simanson realized she had grown up watching her mom shop this way every week. (当孩子们把纸币交给收银员时，Simanson意识到，她从小就看着妈妈每周都这样购物)”提到Simanson想起过去自己一直看着母亲用纸币购物，后文““They never see physical money,” she says. (“他们从未见过实物货币，”她说)”提到Simanson的孩子没见过实物货币，因此B项“Her kids, however, are not living in that same reality. (然而，她的孩子们却没有生活在同样的现实中)”符合语境，指出Simanson的孩子们关于钱的经历与她自己不同，和前文构成转折，后文是对其解释说明。故选B。 【48题详解】 后文“Older generations had far more opportunities to witness the movement of money. “There was something we could visualize because kids are watching,” says Pelletier. “But if they never see any type of transaction (交易), they think everything is free in the world. Mom clicked ‘buy’ on Amazon, and two days later, we got it.” (老一辈人有更多的机会目睹金钱的流通。Pelletier说：“因为孩子们都在看，我们可以把一些东西可视化。”“但如果他们从未见过任何类型的交易，他们就会认为世界上一切都是免费的。妈妈在亚马逊上点击了‘购买’，两天后，我们就买到了。”)”主要指出新一代的孩子和老一辈人不同，很少有机会看到如何使用金钱，很可能会以为一切东西是免费的，因此E项“What does it mean, then, if many kids are not seeing money in the same way their parents did? (那么，如果许多孩子不像他们的父母那样看到金钱，这意味着什么呢？)”符合语境，提出问题，询问新一代孩子没机会看到实物货币的后果，后文是对该问题的回答。故选E。 【49题详解】 前文“We have to help kids understand that a gift card, a payment app, or even a single tap of the finger can convey the same value as physical money. (我们必须帮助孩子们理解，一张礼品卡、一个支付应用程序，甚至是手指的一次轻触，都可以传达与实物货币相同的价值)”建议要让孩子们理解无现金支付的意义，明白金钱的价值，后文“In January 2023, a six-year-old in Michigan made headlines when he ordered more than $1,000 worth of delivery meals through his dad’s Grubhub account on his phone. When the dad found himself staring at a much smaller bank account, his son just wanted to know if the pepperoni pizzas had arrived. (2023年1月，密歇根州一名6岁的孩子上了头条，因为他通过父亲的手机Grubhub账户点了价值1000多美元的外卖。当父亲发现自己的银行账户少得多时，他的儿子只想知道意大利辣香肠披萨是否到了)”举了一个孩子胡乱花钱的实例，因此A项“This is a complicated but essential lesson. (这是一个复杂但至关重要的课程)”符合语境，指出这种教育复杂但至关重要，承接前文，后文是对其进行例证。故选A。 【50题详解】 前文““He’s been digital from the very beginning,” says Carleen Haylett, a single mother of an 11-year-old son. (“他从一开始就是数字化的，”Carleen Haylett说，她是一个11岁儿子的单身母亲)”提到Carleen Haylett儿子的生活是数字化的，后文“It wasn’t until about fourth grade that he understood the concept of a bank account. (直到四年级左右，他才明白银行账户的概念)”提到他很晚才明白银行账户的概念，因此C项“However, this made his introduction to money rather abstract. (然而，这使得他对金钱的认识相当抽象)”符合语境，指出他不怎么了解金钱，表明这种情况的后果，后文是对其具体说明，其中的this指代前文的“He’s been digital from the very beginning”。故选C。 IV. Summary Writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The interest in studying Chinese For a number of reasons, Chinese is regarded as one of the hardest languages for Westerners to learn, but as China has grown in influence on the world’s economy, there has been a corresponding rise in interest in studying Chinese. In many Western countries, governments are devoting money and resources to including Chinese on school and university curricula. Furthermore, more and more people are seeking to add Chinese to their resume, believing that it will help them to find work in today’s competitive job market. These students face a significant challenge. Foremost, for Westerners, is the total nature of Chinese. No western language bas anything similar, and learning to pronounce every word with the correct tone takes a lot of practice. Even when the tones are mastered, and Chinese can be spoken with reasonable fluency, the writing system remains. Because of the way written Chinese works-using individual characters, rather than a more or less phonetic script like European languages — the student is faced with learning hundreds of different pictures, with little of the internal logic that allows students of European languages to guess at the meaning or pronunciation of individual words. Yet another difficulty is that Chinese is not related to any European language. Most educated speakers of one European language can puzzle out information written in another European language because the languages have many similarities, but these shortcuts to learning are not available for students of Chinese. Yet, despite these problems, Chinese education is growing in the West. In the US, for example, former President George W. Bush initiated a program to increase teaching of “critical languages”, including Chinese, putting forward 114 million dollars to ward recruiting teachers and establishing courses. Worldwide, it is estimated that 40 million people study Chinese and that number is sure to grow. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Interest in learning Chinese is rising due to China’s global economic influence. Although it is difficulty for Westerners, with challenges like tonal pronunciation and a complex writing system, many pursue it for career advantages. Governments are investing in Chinese education, and globally, 40 million people are studying the language, the number expected to increase. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由于中国的全球经济影响力，学习中文的兴趣正在上升。尽管面临声调发音、复杂的写作以及与欧洲语言缺乏语言相似性等挑战，西方国家仍在投资汉语教育。美国发起的项目和资金支持了这一趋势，全球有4000万人学习中文。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①For a number of reasons, Chinese is regarded as one of the hardest languages for Westerners to learn, but as China has grown in influence on the world’s economy, there has been a corresponding rise in interest in studying Chinese. ②Furthermore, more and more people are seeking to add Chinese to their resume, believing that it will help them to find work in today’s competitive job market. ③These students face a significant challenge. No western language bas anything similar, and learning to pronounce every word with the correct tone takes a lot of practice. Even when the tones are mastered, and Chinese can be spoken with reasonable fluency, the writing system remains. Because of the way written Chinese works-using individual characters, rather than a more or less phonetic script like European languages — the student is faced with learning hundreds of different pictures, with little of the internal logic that allows students of European languages to guess at the meaning or pronunciation of individual words. Yet another difficulty is that Chinese is not related to any European language. ④In the US, for example, former President George W. Bush initiated a program to increase teaching of “critical languages”, including Chinese, putting forward-114 million dollars to ward recruiting teachers and establishing courses. Worldwide, it is estimated that 40 million people study Chinese and that number is sure to grow. 2.缜密构思 将第3、4两个要点进行重组，将总结性语句放在文章最后。将1、2两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Despite challenges like tonal pronunciation, complex writing, and lack of linguistic similarities with European languages, Western countries are investing in Chinese education. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Interest in learning Chinese is rising due to China’s global economic influence. 运用了动名词learning作介词in的宾语，对原文第一段的一部分进行了概括，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Although it is difficulty for Westerners, with challenges like tonal pronunciation and a complex writing system, many pursue it for career advantages.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第二段和第一段的一部分进行了概括。其中Although引导的让步状语从句，表达非常高级。 V. Translation (3+3+4+5=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 为了弥合代际鸿沟，沟通、信任和尊重都是重要因素。(bridge) ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To bridge the generational divide, communication, trust and respect are all important factors. 【解析】 【详解】考查词汇及句子结构。表示“为了弥合代际鸿沟”可使用动词短语bridge the generational divide的动词不定式形式作目的状语；表示“沟通、信任和尊重都是重要因素”可使用communication, trust and respect并列作主语，系动词作谓语，叙述客观真理应使用一般现在时态，主语复数，系动词使用复数形式are ，可以和副词all连用；名词短语important factors作表语。故翻译为To bridge the generational divide, communication, trust and respect are all important factors. 53. 这位退休教师的快乐秘诀在于她把自我关爱放在首位。(consist) ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The retired teacher’s secret to happiness consists in that she puts caring for herself first. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语、宾语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“这位退休教师的快乐”应为名词短语The retired teacher’s happiness；secret to表示……的秘诀；表示“在于”应为动词短语consist in；后接从属连词that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，表示“她把自我关爱放在首位”可译为she puts caring for herself first；结合句意看，该句应为一般现在时。故翻译为：The retired teacher’s secret to happiness consists in that she puts caring for herself first. 54. 这位艺术家力争通过她与众不同的雕塑来挑战参观者对美的认知，获得了大家的一致好评。（perceive） ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The artist made an effort to challenge how visitors perceive beauty through her distinctive sculptures, which has won acclaim. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致，宾语从句和定语从句。“这位艺术家”是the artist，“力争做某事”是固定短语make an effort to do sth.，“挑战”是challenge，“通过她与众不同的雕塑”是through her distinctive sculptures，“参观者对美的认知”也就是“参观者如何认知美”，翻译为how visitors perceive beauty，是how引导的宾语从句，“获得了大家的一致好评”用现在完成时，“获得”是win，用过去分词，“大家的一致好评”是acclaim，用which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个主句的内容，因此整句话翻译为“The artist made an effort to challenge how visitors perceive beauty through her distinctive sculptures, which has won acclaim”。故答案为The artist made an effort to challenge how visitors perceive beauty through her distinctive sculptures, which has won acclaim. 55. 失业率居高不下，一些人担心机器会取代人类的工作，让更多人失业，不过，专业人士可不这么认为。 ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The unemployment rate remains high, and some people are worried that machines will replace human jobs, causing more people to lose their jobs. However, professionals do not think so. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。句子在陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。“失业率居高不下”处理成主系表结构，翻译为“The unemployment rate remains high”；“担忧”为be worried that，that引导宾语从句。“机器会取代人类的工作”翻译为“machines will replace human jobs”，“让更多人失业”处理成现在分词作状语，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语；“促使某人做某事”为cause sb to do sth；“让更多人失业”翻译成“causing more people to lose their jobs.”。“不过，专业人士可不这么认为”翻译为“However, professionals do not think so.”。故翻译为The unemployment rate remains high, and some people are worried that machines will replace human jobs, causing more people to lose their jobs. However, professionals do not think so. VI. Guided Writing (25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是明启中学的学生李华，你校交换生 Allen 打算在圣诞节为他的父母各送一件具有典型中国文化特色的礼物。他初步选出了四件礼物：旗袍(cheongsam)、紫砂茶具(purple clay tea set)、丝绸围巾(silk scarf)、书画折扇(calligraphy and painting folding fan)，现在发邮件向你咨询。请你给他写封邮件，谈谈你的意见。内容包括： 1. 为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物； 2. 推荐这两件礼物的理由； 3. 对 Allen 父母的问候。 注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级和学校等真实信息。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Allen, Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. I am writing to recommend a gift for your parents. For your mother, I recommend the cheongsam. The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world. The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. No wonder it is so much liked by women not only of China but those of foreign countries as well. So I think your mother will like it. For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan. People use it to bring cool wind in the summer. Moreover, because the fan also looks like a circle, so it also represents happiness and reunion. Usually, there are Chinese calligraphy and painting on the fan, which represent Chinese culture. I think it is suitable for your father. Best regards to your parents. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Allen写封信，为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物，说明推荐这两件礼物的理由，表达对Allen 父母的问候。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 独特的：distinctive→unique 不同的：disparate→different 另外：moreover→besides 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan. 拓展句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan, which was invented by the ancient Chinese several thousand years ago. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. （运用了“介词+which ”引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. （运用了that引导的表语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第一学期期中考试 高三 英语试卷 考试时间105分钟 满分115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10*1=10) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Giving the Suona a Modern Twist The Suona has long been associated with rural events such as weddings and funerals. In recent years, however, this traditional Chinese instrument ____1____ (see) a renewal of its image — thanks to the efforts of a brilliant musician, Liu Wenwen. Liu ____2____ (introduce) to the suona at age nine by her parents. ____3____ (follow) more than a decade of diligent practice, she entered the Shanghai Conservatory of Music in 2008. Liu’s study there inspired her creativity in suona music. ____4____ several friends, she formed an ensemble (乐团) featuring the suona and three other instruments, namely the erhu, bamboo flute and pipa. They teamed up with jazz bands, composed original music, and performed at international lawn music festivals. In China, these instruments are usually performed in a solemn manner. To Liu’s surprise, foreign audiences danced to the melodies of the folk music. ____5____ encouraged her to innovate further in suona music. In the following years, she frequently performed in European countries. ____6____ appreciating and incorporating elements of modern Western music styles, she focused on seeking ways to better promote the lesser-known suona. In 2015, Liu worked together with the renowned composer Tan Dun to create a new version of Hundreds of Birds Paying Homage to the Phoenix,____7____ classic suona piece. Two years later, they performed it on the stage of the Sydney Opera House. Liu’s 40-second performance “in one breath,” ____8____ (accompany) by a Western symphony orchestra, rocked the house. After that, Liu went on more than 30 tours, introducing the suona to more foreign audiences. The videos of her performances have also gained millions of views online. Inspired by these experiences, Liu made a bold move ____9____ (incorporate) different music genres into her regular playlist. Her recitals now feature elements of jazz’s lyrical romance, rock and roll’s explosive freedom and electronic music’s rhythmic beats. _____10_____ Liu Wenwen has given the suona is a modern twist and she also helped it gain global recognition. In the future, she aims to conduct more world tours, demonstrating the charm of this traditional Chinese instrument to an even wider audience. Section B (10*1=10) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. temporary B. plunge C. inconsistent D. approach E. scheduled F. pump G. positive H. programmed I. consume J. desert K. undo A changing climate, a changing world The sustainability efforts in Paris have not all been smooth sailing. The Seine is ___11___to host marathon swimming and the swim portion of the triathlon. But despite spending 1.4 billion euros trying to clean the river, French authorities have achieved ___12___results. Water test in June still showed high levels of E. coli. Those numbers improved and crept into the range of safe to swim in late June and early this month. Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris recently took a swim in the river after canceling an earlier planned ___13___because of those high bacteria levels. Her swim was promising, but one heavy rainfall could draw more pollutants into the river and ___14___much of the progress she celebrated. Paris organizers have also given up their ambition to ___15___conventional air-conditioning in the Olympic village, installing some 2500 ___16___air conditioning units. Organizers had hoped to rely on a geothermal cooling system, they say. They say it would keep rooms at least 11 degrees cooler than outside temperatures. That technology, involving a system of pipes that ____17____cold water beneath the village’s floors, was expected to reduce the carbon impact by 45 percent, compared to traditional air conditioning systems. For years, the organizers promised the Games would be “climate ____18____”. However, it is doubtful any version of the Olympics can begin to ____19____even carbon neutrality as long as millions of tourists descend on the host city, many by air, only to ____20____goods and generate waste once they arrive. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A (15*1=15) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. It was a foggy Thursday morning when animal services supervisor Josh Henderson received news of amass death. 395 migratory birds died after ___21___into one office tower in Galveston, Texas. Henderson rushed to the spot, only to witness the horrifying scene of feathers from yellow and orange to blue and grey of the lifeless small-featured bodies. “It was awe-inspiring but ____22____,” says Henderson. Most of the bodies were warblers; small, bright, colorful birds that are particularly common in Texas. They had been on their homecoming spring migration, a legendary journey that takes them from ____23____sites as far south as Mexico to nesting sites-as-far north as Canada. For birds, Texas is a major flyover state: approximately two billion birds fly through this “Lone Star” state in the spring. Along the route, a host of ____24____exist, including bright city lights. Every year, between 365 million and one billion birds are thought to be killed in building collisions in the US. The scene of mass collision in Galveston was a 23-floor ____25____called One Moody Plaza. As the tallest building in downtown Galveston, it had four corner spotlights ____26____straight up in the sky and a glowing green halo of LED lights around the top. “Every tragedy,____27____, is also an opportunity to educate” Henderson ____28____the birds. His team was able to save and help three birds recover. Besides, Houston Audubon, a bird conservation organization, which occupies the building, is taking action and ____29____developing a science-based response. American National has _____30_____and is still following a policy of turning off their outer building spotlights and inner lights at night during the spring and fall migratory seasons. Workshops are also held in Galveston to _____31_____the community on migratory bird patterns in this area. Around 24 communities in Texas have _____32_____to follow this kind of Lights Out initiative. Chicago, Houston, Dallas, New York City and Atlanta are the cities where the threat to migrating birds is greatest _____33_____light pollution. And all these cities are also _____34_____the Lights Out campaign, according to Audubon’s records. Protecting birds is vital both for their own sake and for the wider ecosystem. However, their moving constantly presents special_____35_____for researchers and conservationists to take measures that are effective enough. Given this complex picture, widespread awareness and efficient enforcement are still the priorities. 21. A. collapsing B. crashing C. cracking D. conflicting 22. A. marvelous B. vivid C. tragic D. impressive 23. A. sheltering B. breeding C. sleeping D. wintering 24. A. hazards B. opportunities C. obstacles D. enemies 25. A. studio B. block C. skyscraper D. apartment 26. A. holding B. putting C. pointing D. turning 27. A. therefore B. moreover C. thus D. however 28. A. sorted B. abandoned C. removed D. preserved 29. A. optimistically B. actively C. reluctantly D. strictly 30. A. interrupted B. implemented C. interfered D. incorporated 31. A. educate B. warn C. punish D. encourage 32. A. approved B. anticipated C. agreed D. appealed 33. A. regardless of B. in spite of C. apart from D. in terms of 34. A. launching B. maintaining C. motivating D. initiating 35. A. requests B. barriers C. challenges D. perspectives Section B (11*2=22) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the grassland by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sunlight going through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic. I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree(梧桐树) to rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a try. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up. When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear began to disappear, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying, sailing among the clouds. Then I began to notice how wonderful the light wind smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs with the sweetest smell I’d ever known. I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to feel it, again. And again! It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the same spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing: Some days they’d be purple and pink; some days they’d be bright orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon. The view from my sycamore was more than clouds and wind and colors combined. Eventually, my father’s belief moved from my head to my heart. I started marveling(惊奇) at how that was possible. How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder? It was magic. 36. Why did the author climb up the sycamore tree? A. To play in the tree. B. To practice climbing skills. C. To prove her courage. D. To get a trapped kite. 37. Which of the following best describes the author’s climbing experience? A. Unusual but painful. B. Competitive and imaginative. C. Adventurous but rewarding. D. Well-planned and interesting. 38. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Practice makes perfect. B. All roads lead to Rome. C. Positive action leads to happiness. D. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. 39. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Last Memory B. Up in the Sycamore Tree C. Father’s Best Suggestion D. Clouds Across the Horizon (B) The Hottest Peppers in the World The title of “hottest pepper in the world” is something that’s challenged more often than you may expect. Every year hot pepper cultivators find new ways to create peppers that will compete for the top position. Below we list the current hottest peppers based-on-expected median heat on the Scovile scale (史高维尔指标,辣椒辣度的测量单位). Pepper X Pepper X was cultivated by the PuckerButt Pepper Company in the US. Measured at its max at 3.18 million Scoville Heat Units (SHU), and officially measured at 2.69 million SHU in the Guinness Book of World Records, Pepper X truly outshines the previous record holder, the Carolina Reaper.Carolina Reaper The Carolina Reaper, also developed by the Pucker Butt Pepper Company, held the title of the world’s hottest-pepper in the Guinness Book of World Records from 2013 to 2021. The pepper’s beat level reaches an average of 1.6 million SUHU, with some individual peppers recorded at over 2.2 million SHU. Komodo Dragon The Komodo Dragon pepper is a fiery chili hailing from the UK. It’s renowned for its extreme heat between 1.4 million to 2.2 million SHU. The heat of the Komodo Dragon pepper is not immediate but builds up for 10 seconds before it unleashes its full potential. Trinidad Moruga Scorpion The Trinidad Moruga Scorpion originates from island country Trinidad and Tobago. Its intense heat measures from 1.2 to 2 million SHU. And it looks wicked, with its scorpion-like stinger tail. This fiery pepper was even recognized as the world’s hottest chili by the Ouinness Book of World Records in 2012. 7 Pot Douglah The 7 Pot Douglah also originates from Trinidad and Tobago ranging from 923,889 to 1,853,986 SHU. The pepper gets its name from the local belief (and fact) that one pod is enough to spice up seven pots of stew. Its dark brown color gives it a unique appearance among chili peppers. 40. The hottest chili in the world according to the Guinness Book of World Reoords in 2015 was ________. A. Pepper X B. Carolina Reaper C. Komodo Dragon D. Trinidad Moruga Scorpion 41. What’s the similarity between Trinidad Moruga Scorpion and 7 Pot Douglah? A. They both originate from the US. B. They both have distinctive appearance. C. They were developed by the same company. D. They were both recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records. 42. What can be inferred about the Komodo Dragon pepper from the text? A. It is a mild chili pepper known for its immediate heat. B. It is a UK-originated chili pepper with a delayed heat sensation C. The heat level of the Komodo Dragon pepper is consistently at 2.2 million SHU. D. The Komodo Dragon pepper’s heat is less than that of the Carolina Reaper. (C) The danger of a major solar storm is now at its highest in over a decade As the Sun reaches the peak of its activity cycle, the odds of such a storm hitting Earth rise along with its associated risks, including blackouts, disabled satellites and damaged cell phones and GPS networks. In the most extreme scenarios, some power grids could be knocked out for weeks or even months. But that is the worst case. In the face of such potential disaster, our best hope is to learn more about the Sun-Earth system, monitor solar activity and develop our ability to predict space weather. With the right precautions, solar activity could be a net positive for humanity, as it constantly protects us against harmful radiation from beyond the Solar System So whether we risk the dangers or reap the benefits of living with the Sun will come down to the same thing: our ability to predict and prepare for what our star is going to do next. The whole prediction process is like forecasting normal weather the more you understand the system, the better you can predict what it will do. This is no easy task when it comes to our star. The Sun is complex and not yet well understood, and scientists must also get a better handle on how its emissions travel through space and affect Earth. Compared to forecasting the normal weather, our space weather predictions are about 50 years behind That’s why missions like the Parker Solar Probe - the first spacecraft ever to touch the Sun-are all the more important. Launched in 2018, Parker has already made several discoveries about how the Sun transports energy outward into space. The spacecraft’s data have helped scientists improve their ability to predict exactly when an event at the Sun will later reach Earth. Establishing that timing is important, because it’s an essential first step to an early warning system that would help avoid the worst-case scenario. Yet our current projects are not enough. Parker is not designed to act as a full-time warming system, and it can only study the Sun from one angle at a time. So a constellation of satellites around the Sun are recommended to completely monitor the Sun and always be ready to send warnings back to Earth. 43. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word! A. obtain B. eliminate C. strengthen D. tolerate 44. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2? A. The solar system releases a lot of harmful radiation to humanity. B. People must learn more to reverse the worst result caused by the Sun. C. Solar activities, if dealt with properly, can be very beneficial to humanity. D. The potential disaster can be fully prevented if we make accurate prediction. 45. What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A. Improving space weather predictions is crucial for preparedness. B. The Sun’s energy transport mechanisms have been fully understood. C. The frequency of solar storms has significantly increased over the past decade. D. A full-time warning system is the only solution to preventing solar storm impacts. 46. What will the following paragraphs probably talk about? A. The sunny sides of space weather and solar activities B. The drawback of the current solar prediction projects. C. The ways to protect the Earth from potential solar storms. D. The measures to improve and redesign the Parker Solar Probe. Section C (4*2=8) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. What Does Money Mean to Kids? A few weeks before Christmas, Sarah Hunter Simanson took her two-year-old son and four-year-old daughter to the grocery store and gave each of them a $20 bill. Simanson explained the cost of each item to her kids, hoping to help them understand what it meant. As the kids handed their bills to the cashier, Simanson realized she had grown up watching her mom shop this way every week. _______47_______ “They never see physical money,” she says. When millennials were coming of age, they often saw their parents pay in cash and count change at stores. Back then, teens were paid cash for babysitting or mowing a neighbor’s lawn. “Research shows that your behavior and habits are actually formed at an earlier age,” says Jessica Pelletier, a mother of two. “Your strong desire to be a saver, passion for spending, or risk aversion (风险规避), really forms by a very young age in most kids.” ______48______ Older generations had far more opportunities to witness the movement of money. “There was something we could visualize because kids are watching,” says Pelletier. “But if they never see any type of transaction (交易), they think everything is free in the world. Mom clicked ‘buy’ on Amazon, and two days later, we got it.” We have to help kids understand that a gift card, a payment app, or even a single tap of the finger can convey the same value as physical money. ______49______ In January 2023, a six-year-old in Michigan made headlines when he ordered more than $1,000 worth of delivery meals through his dad’s Grubhub account on his phone. When the dad found himself staring at a much smaller bank account, his son just wanted to know if the pepperoni pizzas had arrived. Despite the potential risks, some parents are delighted to move away from handling cash, especially after the pandemic accelerated the shift toward cashlessness. “He’s been digital from the very beginning,” says Carleen Haylett, a single mother of an 11-year-old son. ______50______ It wasn’t until about fourth grade that he understood the concept of a bank account. “That’s late in the game,” says Pelletier. A. This is a complicated but essential lesson. B. Her kids, however, are not living in that same reality. C. However, this made his introduction to money rather abstract. D. Today’s children are absorbing what we do from a much earlier age than we might think. E. What does it mean, then, if many kids are not seeing money in the same way their parents did? F. Added to the challenge is the fact that many parents didn’t exactly get a good introduction to finance when they were kids themselves. IV. Summary Writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The interest in studying Chinese For a number of reasons, Chinese is regarded as one of the hardest languages for Westerners to learn, but as China has grown in influence on the world’s economy, there has been a corresponding rise in interest in studying Chinese. In many Western countries, governments are devoting money and resources to including Chinese on school and university curricula. Furthermore, more and more people are seeking to add Chinese to their resume, believing that it will help them to find work in today’s competitive job market. These students face a significant challenge. Foremost, for Westerners, is the total nature of Chinese. No western language bas anything similar, and learning to pronounce every word with the correct tone takes a lot of practice. Even when the tones are mastered, and Chinese can be spoken with reasonable fluency, the writing system remains. Because of the way written Chinese works-using individual characters, rather than a more or less phonetic script like European languages — the student is faced with learning hundreds of different pictures, with little of the internal logic that allows students of European languages to guess at the meaning or pronunciation of individual words. Yet another difficulty is that Chinese is not related to any European language. Most educated speakers of one European language can puzzle out information written in another European language because the languages have many similarities, but these shortcuts to learning are not available for students of Chinese. Yet, despite these problems, Chinese education is growing in the West. In the US, for example, former President George W. Bush initiated a program to increase teaching of “critical languages”, including Chinese, putting forward 114 million dollars to ward recruiting teachers and establishing courses. Worldwide, it is estimated that 40 million people study Chinese and that number is sure to grow. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (3+3+4+5=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 为了弥合代际鸿沟，沟通、信任和尊重都是重要因素。(bridge) ____________________________________________________________________ 53. 这位退休教师的快乐秘诀在于她把自我关爱放在首位。(consist) ____________________________________________________________________ 54. 这位艺术家力争通过她与众不同的雕塑来挑战参观者对美的认知，获得了大家的一致好评。（perceive） ____________________________________________________________________ 55. 失业率居高不下，一些人担心机器会取代人类的工作，让更多人失业，不过，专业人士可不这么认为。 ____________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你是明启中学的学生李华，你校交换生 Allen 打算在圣诞节为他的父母各送一件具有典型中国文化特色的礼物。他初步选出了四件礼物：旗袍(cheongsam)、紫砂茶具(purple clay tea set)、丝绸围巾(silk scarf)、书画折扇(calligraphy and painting folding fan)，现在发邮件向你咨询。请你给他写封邮件，谈谈你的意见。内容包括： 1. 为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物； 2. 推荐这两件礼物的理由； 3. 对 Allen 父母的问候。 注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级和学校等真实信息。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $